Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Effectivité du droit'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Effectivité du droit.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Saint-Pierre, Louis. "L' effectivité du droit aux soins : Etude comparative de droit interne français et québecois." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32032.
Full textLike it use to be with most of the right to statements, legal practitioner are generally skeptical regarding the right to health care ability to produce juridical effects. However, this specific right shows, through judges constructions, that he can influence positive law, once it's stated. Such an influence can clearly be noticed in Quebecker law. It can also be in French law, less clearly. Right to health care statement modified the nature and the schema of the duty inherent to the horizontal relation between care giver and patient. The influence can be noticed regarding the juridical qualifying of the relation, as long as the scheme of the main duty incumbent on the care giver. The prerogatives conferred by this right have subsidiary and complementary functions in relation to those general and specific duties. The right to health care also has a vertical effectiveness, creating prerogatives for all citizens that can be opposed to the State. The degree of protection so given fluctuates according the fact that the care needed is or not due to guaranty the respect of a fundamental right
Roulhac, Cédric. "L’opposabilité des droits et libertés." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100102.
Full textClassic figure in the legal world, opposability has gradually gained the field of rights and liberties. Inscribed in the discourse of positive law, it had been placed in a heterogeneous magma legal discourse generated by a plurality of actors. An analytical and critical approach of these speeches was deployed for a clarification and, ultimately, a better understanding of the subject of rights and liberties. The research has clarified the semantic confusion that characterizes the word. As a conceptual figure, opposability experiences variations of meanings that associate it with a plural ideas. As qualifying adjective reported from the rights and liberties ilselves, either doctrinal categories by reference to which their effects are apprehended and thought, opposability becomes blurred by the ambiguity of the objects to which it is associated. But research has also been able to explain the operational nature of this figure for the different actors who mobilize. In view of actors law, this utility is understood in relation to difficulties arising from the apprehension of developments in the matter. Its operational nature has been especially highlighted in relation to interactions between these actors and strategies for each of the transformation of the law. In view of the science of law, its instrumental value was relativized vis-à-vis other conceptual tools by demonstrating the virtues of the guarantee of a conceptual economy
Luciani-Mien, Dominique. "L' effectivité des droits de la défense en procédure pénale." Paris 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA020059.
Full textCharrier-Potiron, Laure. "Vers un régime juridique de la femme en droit international public : de l'affirmation des droits à leur effectivité." Nantes Université. Pôle Sociétés. Faculté de droit et des sciences politiques (Nantes), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT4005.
Full textThe declaration of human rights was initially worded in neutral terms so as not to establish in law any distinction between individuals and also to give effect to the universality of the rights laid down, In the face of persistent inequalities of law and fact, national and international institutions from then on were engaged in building a body of law particular to women and, above all, promoting a gender-based approach in each of their texts and their policies. But the achievement of women's rights clashed with national sovereignty, resistance from societies and textual and procedural shortfalls in public international and regional law. The emergence of the individual in such a subject, albeit in a minor way, as public international law could, however, allow women to be better written into the collective movement to recognise and bring about human rights
Richard, Vincent. "Le droit et l'effectivité : contribution à l'étude d'une notion." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020055.
Full textRabagny, Agnès. "Théorie générale de l'apparence en droit privé." Paris 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA020015.
Full textDiallo, Ibrahima. "Effectivité du droit sénégalais des collectivités locales dans le cadre de la décentralisation administrative." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010301.
Full textTOURE, ABDRAMANE. "Le droit malien de la fonction publique : effectivité de la norme et problèmes d'application." Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOD003.
Full textTroshani, Taulant. "Effectivité et efficacité du système de protection des droits fondamentaux au sein de l’Union européenne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUL0128.
Full textThe European Union is built on a strong commitment to promoting and protecting human rights, democracy and the rule of law in the world. Human rights are at the heart of the EU's relations with other countries and regions. This thesis examines in detail the fundamental implications of competition or cooperation between the courts of Strasbourg and Luxembourg in the light of the latest developments concerning the system for the protection of fundamental rights in the European Union, such as the accession of from the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights. The protection of human rights remains a subject of infinite discussion. The general attitude towards a more exhaustive and binding catalog of human rights is essentially positive, although the constitutional and jurisdictional problems of such a binding document can not be ignored
Tissot, Stéphanie. "Effectivité des droits des créanciers et protection du patrimoine familial." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1083/document.
Full textThe right to enforced performance offers creditors legal remedies for forcing defaulting debtors to perform their obligations. However, this relationship of obligation is less a tie between two people as it is a tie between two sets of assets. This explains why obligations are performed in respect of the property of the debtor. Performance should thus be entirely extraneous to the debtor's family situation and concern only the debtor's personal assets. Yet despite the fact that families do not have legal personality, "community property" (patrimoine familial) commonly comes into play. In the broad sense of the term, "community property" is thus necessarily of interest to third-party creditors. Certain property is afforded special protection generally intended to protect the family. In addition to legal protection, contractual protection may also apply. The legislation in this area thus allows for a certain degree of flexibility with respect to private will, even if it ultimately reduces a creditor's claim. This protection thus necessarily conflicts with the creditor's right to performance and raises the question of the legitimacy of the interference it causes. In some cases, the balance is maintained between guaranteeing creditors' ability to exercise their right to enforced performance and ensuring legitimate protection of family assets. In other cases, however, this balance is threatened or even upset, calling the entire tenor and intent of the right to enforced performance into question
Todorova, Liliana. "L'engagement en droit." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020023.
Full textSerrurier, Enguerrand. "La résurgence du droit au développement : recherche sur l'humanisation du droit international." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAD006/document.
Full textThe right to development is a singularity in contemporary international law.It has been presented frequently as a inalienable and fundamental right : it aims to guarantee the personal fulfillment and the improvement of human condition. This multi-skilled and multi-purpose right gives to its subjects (human beings) a legal entitlement, enabling them to become the beginning, the center and the beneficiaries of all development activities. But its complex nature, its large purpose of social justice and political militancy make it juridicity difficult. The right to development is often summarized as an old idea in limbo.However, after a discrete periode, the right to development reappears by unexpected ways, free of its old ideologies, in connexion with the metamorphosis of the new concepts of development. Its resurgence is making itself stronger : it is an illustration of the variety of the law making process in international law. Some standards are elaborating, legal precedents and jurisprudences are coming, and certain practices of this right are emerging. This phenomenon requires a new analysis based on the effectivity of the right.Beyond its use as right per se, the consolidation of the right to development reveals current transformations in international law. A symbiosis exists between the effective progress of the right to development and the process of humanization of the international law. This connexion enable a reconciliation between human rights, peoples' rights and States' rights, in the perspective of a pragmactic legal humanism
Long, Sarapech. "L'application du droit international en droit interne cambodgien." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR0035.
Full textThe research tries to escape from the long-standing theoretical enigma of the problematic relationship between the international legal order and the state legal order, to confront the legal reality, the critical effectiveness and the devoir-être of state vis-à-vis the international prescription which is in itself doubtful. In the international order, the status quo of legal rules remains ambiguous and decentralized, through its sources, substances and levels of evolutionary legality, from jus cogen to soft-law. The application of these rules in the state legal order, meanwhile with state rules, remains an objective challenge for the state. The case of Cambodia, a developing state, confronts the gap between national practices via its organs, legal nationalism and its internationalized Constitution, the objective of the State for its legitimacy to integrate into the international community; the context is illustrated by the position shared with other new subjects of international law of the 20th century that wanted a new dynamic of international rules to meet their needs. The codification of international law is the promising trend to crystallize and develop the law. International jurisprudence sanctions state’s rules in equivoque maner, while defending its legal primacy through mechanisms of the law of responsibility and the law of treaties. This would reflect our perspective of strengthening the application
Dupré, Aurélie-Anne. "Le droit à l'exécution des décisions de justice en droit français : droit subjectif et/ou principe du droit français ?" La Réunion, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LARE0006.
Full textHow to define the execution of a judicial decision? Is it an obligation created for the unsuccessful suitor, a right to which the successful suitor is entitled, or both? Although there is no written statutory provision in French positive law indicating that suitors are entitled to the execution of a judgement, such a right is implicitly acknowledged whenever the obligation is ignored or should be ignored. Why haven't French lawmakers made this a statutory right? Conversly, what would be the point of formalising yet another subjective right? What is the good of multiplying legislation? One needs therefore to examine the nature of the right to the execution of a judicial decision. Is it a subjective right? Or does it possess a dual nature, testifying to its crucial importance for a State claiming to be bound by rule of law?
Agostini, Christophe. "Les normes non valides : contribution à une théorie générale de l'annulation juridictionnelle des normes." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100142.
Full textBenredouane, Johanna. "La renonciation en droit de l'aide sociale : recherche sur l'effectivité des droits sociaux." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCB004/document.
Full textIn welfare law, the term « waiver » is seldom used by doctrine, no doubt because over the years it has been thought that the beneficiaries could not waiver either tacitly or expressly their rights to welfare. Nevertheless, recently the term has resurfaced in doctrinal research on non-recourse to welfare rights. Although these notions undoubtedly refer to situations whereby beneficiaries renounce their rights, such use of the term “waiver” is definitely not sufficient to prove the existence of waiver in welfare law. Indeed, despite numerous doctrinal controversies pertaining to the definition of the notion of waiver, prevailing doctrine has always circumscribed this definition within a very narrow conceptual framework. Accordingly, the study of welfare law becomes significant, all the more so as it leads to considering from a new perspective not only the very notion of waiver, but also the issue of the effectiveness of welfare rights. The aim of this thesis thus consists in questioning the existence and characteristics of waiver in welfare law and inherently, the nature and specificity of these rights together with the place of the beneficiary within welfare law
Mulumba, Mbombo. "Droit étatique et logiques endogènes : recherche sur l'effectivité du droit des successions au Congo." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010253.
Full textSantulli, Carlo. "Le statut international de l'ordre juridique étatique : étude du traitement du droit interne par le droit international." Paris 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA020017.
Full textThe relationships between international law and municipal law are traditionally approached only from the standpoint of the application of international law in the domestic system. This research deals with the opposite problem : how does international law treat municipal law ? in order to find an answer to this question, it was necessary to go through more than 500 international law cases. The study of this precedents shows that international tribunals are often concerned with municipal law questions which need to be solved to adjudicate the international dispute. In a wide range of different fields such as the law of state responsability, the law of reservations, or the law of nationality, international rules may bind legal consequences to the existence of a municipal law product which becomes thereby indispensable to their own application. The numerous practical problems proceeding from the taking into account of municipal law in the international legal order are solved in conformity with a coherent set of rules which apply to every municipal legal order because it is such : they constitute its international status. At the theoretical level, only a dualistic representation can explain the international practice related to the status of the municipal legal order in international law. The international rules may intend to operate the reception of muninicipal law rules, or, on the opposite, they may prescribe or prohibit the creation of municipal rules, but the application of this international rules follows a permanent scheme : the existence of every element of municipal law is established by reference to the domestic legal means for the production of municipal law, and its international effect proceeds from the legal means for the production of international law alone
Leroy, Yann. "L'effectivité du droit au travers d'un questionnement en droit du travail." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN20011.
Full textThe debate on the ineffectiveness of labour law rules is not a recent one. However it has regained much strengh in the last years. The writer aims at explaining and laying a critical approach on this issue in order to reveal the different law conceptions and therefore the kind of effectiveness related to it. A further and deeper thought on the very ‘effectiveness’ notion itself needs to be carried out facing the narrowing views often applied to it. Following a progressive scheme which notably runs through the law theory path, this thesis sets the notion of effectiveness at the core of the problematics of law effects. Carefully distinguishing it from the notion of efficiency, it defines effectiveness as the creation of effects, through the law set of rules, that are matched with the results aimed at. In the end the writer goes back to questioning the assessment of rule effectiveness, especially focused on labour law, regarding it through his renewed definition of this notion. On the one hand, he insists on the process to be followed for such an assessment - with no denial for the upcoming difficulties it raises; on the other hand, on how relevant this new approach to law effectiveness can be as help for any professional lawyer or research worker interested on law
Figuigui, Samira. "Le droit à la santé, un droit ineffectif dans la pratique pénitentiaire en France et au Canada." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALD005.
Full textAlthough the prisoner is deprived of his freedom to come and go, his right to health is recognized, guaranteed and protected by virtue of the right to health of article 12 (1) of International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. However, its implementation is hampered by prison practice rendering it ineffective. Prison practice includes, among other things, order, security, inherent conditions of detention, but also structural difficulties (for example: dilapidated premises, promiscuity). Because of this practice, there is an inadequacy of services and health care in detention. This thesis demonstrates the ineffectiveness of the right to health of the person incarcerated in France and Canada. We demonstrate that this ineffectiveness is present because of the conflict between the concept of health and prison practice. Indeed, this conflict creates a gap between the right to health and its degree of achievement that does not allow the prisoner to enjoy the highest attainable standard of health. In addition, the ineffectiveness of the prisoner's right to health arises from the incompatibility of the concept of health with the prison environment. This thesis proposes a new approach to the effectiveness of the prisoner's right to health. This approach takes into account prison realities and juggles between the various obstacles to the right to health in prisons
Sorgho, Zakaria. "Protection des dénominations géographiques dans l'Union Européenne : effectivité et analyse des effets sur le commerce." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25444.
Full textThe protection of geographical indications (GIs) is a very controversial subject at the World Trade Organization as well as in the negotiations of bilateral trade agreements like the Canada/European Union Trade Agreement (CETA). This is mainly because different countries have very different views on how to go about protecting GIs. North American countries favor trademarks because they believe that the “know-how” can be transferred across geographical boundaries and that it is possible to replicate or even improve on ancestral production processes developed in a given region. “Parmesan” cheese and “Parma” ham are examples of products manufactured and marketed under these names in Canada. The European Union (EU) promotes a « terroir » approach, applying a sui generis protection, which grants a monopoly of the GI to producers located in a specific region. The first European regulation of GIs was adopted in 1992. But more than 20 years later, the effectiveness of GIs in the EU Member States appears mixed. Our thesis attempts to explain reasons for this situation and analyzes the trade-impact of GI protection considering trade within the European Union. Our research on reasons highlights two key issues related to the European GI regulation: potential conflicts between geographical marks (containing geographical names or terms) and sign of GIs (IGP/PDO), and the degeneration of GIs. In addition, we note that consumers are comparatively confused between GIs products and organic products, and small potential producers are rather deterred by the costs of GIs implementation, monitoring and control. Our findings suggest that the protection of GIs creates trade when the importing and exporting countries have GI-protected products. Trade increased by 0.76% when both exporting and importing countries have protected products, after controlling for the effects of others determinants of trade. There is also empirical evidence regarding a trade-diverting effect when the importing country does not have GIs. In addition, our results note a border enlargement effect arising from European GI-protection. An analysis by sector of production indicates that the trade-impact of protecting GIs in some sectors is more important than other sectors.
Martire, Noémie. "Les métamorphoses des procédures traditionnelles de jugement des crimes sous la pression de l’efficacité procédurale : une approche comparatiste franco-canadienne." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67010.
Full text« Efficacité », « efficience », « rapidité » ou encore « simplification »… Le champ lexical du pragmatisme et de l’utilitarisme a intégré les nouvelles législations portant sur la matière criminelle. L’encombrement des juridictions, le non-respect du droit à un jugement dans un délai raisonnable et le coût de ce contentieux ont motivé les récentes transformations. Pourtant, le jugement des crimes est le fruit d’une tradition ancienne et symbolique, riche en spécificités juridiques. Qu’advient-il de ces dernières, une fois confrontées à l’objectif d’efficacité procédurale ? L’exemple comparé des systèmes français et canadien, construits sur la base de modèles théoriques différents, est révélateur. Tandis que le système français a une tendance inquisitoire conformément aux droits de tradition romano-germanique, son homologue canadien, de common law, est essentiellement accusatoire. En dépit de leurs différences procédurales classiques, il faut observer que l’exigence d’efficience a créé de nombreux rapprochements entre les deux systèmes de justice criminelle. Le potentiel de l’objectif d’efficacité, en tant que vecteur de mutations procédurales, est ainsi manifeste. Les spécificités du jugement des crimes connaissent des atténuations, et une partie du contentieux se trouve écarté des modes traditionnels de jugement. C’est à travers l’analyse de certains détails que s’observent les nombreuses transformations procédurales. Une attention particulière doit être portée à l’égard de ces constats, dans la mesure où le système juridique, en matière criminelle, est réputé être le plus garantiste. Par conséquent, cette étude vise à discerner et à comprendre le sens de ces métamorphoses procédurales. L’intérêt est majeur : souvent silencieuses, ces mutations bouleversent les systèmes traditionnels de jugement des crimes, dès lors qu’elles sont additionnées les unes aux autres.
He, Linxin. "Droits sociaux fondamentaux et Droit de l’Union européenne." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D028/document.
Full textIn the present storms of economic, immigration and nationalist crises, it seems that the strengthening of the EU depends more than ever on its commitment to democracy, rule of law, respect for human dignity and its social dimension. If it is no longer doubtful that the EU is founded by these principles through its primary law, their signification – or more exactly their implementation – is still disturbed by the contradictions in the practices of European institutions. The implementation of fundamental social rights is one of the major challenges in this situation. Indeed, “Europe will be social or there shall be no Europe”. Although these rights are proclaimed by EU law and other legal systems in Europe and around the world, they are still treated as rights of a secondary zone, in contrast with civil and political rights. In order to study this contrast, my thesis proposes a theoretical and methodological approach. By using a “concretistic” method, this thesis would argue that these rights cannot be reduced to political declarations. On the contrary, they have the mission to structure EU law, since they not only vest individuals with rights, but also constitute an objective system of values which determines the development of EU law
Davant, Jérôme. "Les incidents liés à la protection juridique des investissements étrangers en Chine : effectivité des voies de recours." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10050.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to bring insights into the understanding of the evolution of business law in China and in particular on the tools of investment protection used by foreigners in this country. This paper analyses the events related to the protection of foreign investments as well as the efficiency of arbitrative solutions in the case of problems
Sanghare, El Hadji Malick. "La réception du droit international des droits de l'homme au Sénégal." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GREND004/document.
Full textThe study of international human rights law in Senegal refers to the examination of constitutional procedures of introduction of conventional norms in Senegalese law. It is an organisation marked by a dualism between the principles of international law, serving as a source of conceptual inspiration and internal law which independently defines the conditions of introduction and validity of this law in the national juridical system. This stage applies to all conventional norms in domestic Senegalese law. It is quite neutral, as it doesn't fully take into account the specificity of the purpose of the law, namely human rights. However, this particularity is still present in other stages of perception of international human rights law, as its internal organisation. In this context, international human rights law is integrated in the system of Civil Liberties recognized by national law. Nevertheless, are more philosophical than legal conception of human rights do not allow them real protection under the regime. The effectiveness of the international human rights law is therefore more based on institutional state guarantees under Senegalese law than on a specific regime of positive law. The democracy as political philosophy and the right to judicial review are main elements of the law. However, the cultural and social realities of the country alter their scope and give a real relevance to a promotion of this law entrusted to public and private parties. This approach, while not distorting the eminently legal character of the approval procedure, shows that the guarantee of human rights transcends the divide between public and private spaces
Lagerwall, Anne. "Le principe ex injuria jus non oritur en droit international contemporain." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210413.
Full textDans une première partie, il s’agit de se demander si ce principe a été reconnu en droit international public, et dans l’affirmative d’en déterminer la portée juridique. La maxime ex injuria jus non oritur ne pouvant être réduite à une règle juridique particulière, la question qui se pose est plutôt de savoir si on peut la qualifier de principe du droit international public qui, sans constituer une source formelle de l’ordre juridique, permet d’expliquer la logique sous-jacente à certaines règles du droit international. Les expressions de ce principe visent d’abord des situations dans lesquelles on remet en cause la validité d’un acte juridique issu de la violation du droit international (invalidité du titre de souveraineté relatif à un territoire acquis ou occupé illégalement, invalidité de l’acte juridique adopté par une autorité illégale, nullité d’un traité dont la conclusion a été obtenue par une contrainte illicite, inadmissibilité comme preuve d’une déclaration obtenue sous la torture, invalidité d’une saisie ou d’une arrestation illégale, invalidité d’un ordre illégal émis par un supérieur hiérarchique). Dans une perspective parallèle, on retrouve le principe dans la règle selon laquelle la violation du droit international ne remet pas en cause sa validité, règle valable dans le domaine du droit des traités, de la coutume ou de la responsabilité internationale. A côté de cette dimension « objective » (dans la mesure où elle recouvre un problème de validité), une dimension plus « subjective » apparaît dans les relations entre sujets du droit international. Ainsi, l’auteur d’une violation du droit international ne peut s’en prévaloir pour revendiquer des droits, et doit plutôt en effacer les conséquences. De même, les Etats tiers ne peuvent reconnaître comme licite une situation résultant de la violation grave d’une norme impérative de droit international, ni ne peuvent prêter aide ou assistance au maintien de cette situation. A l’issue de la première partie de la thèse, on peut établir un constat nuancé :le principe ex injuria jus non oritur constitue un principe général, qui peut être induit de diverses règles de droit international positif, règles qu’il permet d’interpréter en en explicitant l’objet et le but. En même temps, cette existence ne peut être comprise que moyennant une définition stricte et limitée de ce principe, lequel ne prescrit pas, comme on aurait pu s’y attendre, qu’aucun droit ne puisse jamais résulter d’une violation du droit. En premier lieu, et au travers des différents exemples qui viennent d’être mentionnés, on peut remarquer que seules des violations graves —et non des irrégularités mineures— sont de nature à empêcher la création de droits (ainsi, par exemple, dans le domaine de la récolte de preuve). En second lieu, on remarque que seuls les droits qui découleraient directement (dans le sens où ils en consacreraient juridiquement les effets) d’une violation grave du droit ne peuvent être valablement reconnus (ainsi, par exemple, des actes quotidiens d’administration posés par un occupant illégal peuvent être reconnus, ces actes n’étant pas intrinsèquement liés à ce statut d’occupant illégal). Ce n’est que dans cette double mesure que l’on peut affirmer que, en droit international positif, il existe un principe général exprimé par la maxime ex injuria jus non oritur.
Dans la seconde partie de la thèse, le principe est confronté, d’une part (volet empirique) à des précédents dans lesquels il semble avoir été mis à mal (certaines situations semblant avoir résulté de violations graves du principe impératif de l’interdiction du recours à la force) et, d’autre part (volet théorique), à des théories du droit international susceptibles d’en expliquer à la fois le fonctionnement et les limites. Le volet empirique s’appuie sur une étude de cas :la reconnaissance du Bangladesh à la suite d’une intervention militaire de l’Inde au Pakistan, la reconnaissance des gouvernements installés au Cambodge à la suite de l’intervention militaire du Vietnam, la validité des accords conclus par la Yougoslavie à la suite de l’intervention militaire de l’OTAN, la reconnaissance du Kosovo en 2008, et l’administration de l’Irak après l’intervention militaire de 2003. Si le principe ex injuria jus non oritur est sans doute malmené dans les faits, il ne l’est pas dans le discours officiel des Etats, lesquels n’assument pas une remise en cause d’un principe dont ils reconnaissent par ailleurs (comme montré dans la première partie de la thèse) la validité. On peut se demander si cette tension entre un discours légaliste et une réalité parfois caractérisée par la force des effectivités, est susceptible d’être comprise au regard de certaines doctrines qui traitent des relations entre le fait et le droit. Ce volet spécifiquement théorique de la recherche consiste à examiner deux approches, par hypothèses opposées. La première pourrait suggérer une consécration du principe par le biais de la théorie normativiste élaborée par Hans Kelsen. Selon cette théorie, le droit (international) se définirait comme un ensemble cohérent de normes, chaque norme juridique tirant sa validité d’une autre norme juridique valide, ce qui semble exclure qu’une norme puisse s’appuyer sur une violation du droit. A l’analyse, le normativisme paraît néanmoins réfractaire à une reconnaissance du principe ex injuria jus non oritur, la validité du droit ne pouvant être détachée de toute considération fondée sur l’effectivité, et celle-ci pouvant même le cas échéant aboutir à la consécration d’une situation résultant d’une violation du droit. A l’opposé, on pourrait s’attendre à ce que l’approche critique, définie par référence aux travaux de l’ « école de Reims » qui se sont développés autour de Charles Chaumont, rejette ex injuria jus non oritur comme une maxime formaliste et fictive, la force du fait, et plus spécifiquement du rapport de forces, prévalant dans la réalité sociale comme facteur générateur de la création et de l’interprétation de la règle de droit. Ici encore, on détecte une certaine ambiguïté chez les auteurs analysés, lesquels ont recours en certaines occasions au droit comme à un instrument de lutte qui s’opposerait à la force et à la puissance. Finalement, la confrontation des approches normativiste et critique laisse apparaître un fil conducteur :le principe ex injuria jus non oritur n’est que le révélateur des difficultés, non seulement en pratique (comme l’a montré le volet empirique) mais aussi en théorie, de concilier les exigences idéalistes du respect du droit avec les impératifs réalistes de prendre en compte la force du fait.
En conclusion, le principe ex injuria jus non oritur se caractérise surtout par cette tension entre le droit et le fait, qui permet également d’expliquer les ambiguïtés observées dans la première partie, le principe n’étant admis en droit positif que moyennant une définition restrictive ouvrant à une certaine souplesse. Cette tension renvoie d’ailleurs à la question de l’existence même du droit international, lequel peut être présenté comme une forme sophistiquée de discours, et non comme un corps de règles régissant effectivement la réalité sociale. Dans cette perspective, il est intéressant de constater que, au-delà des stratégies discursives des Etats qui tentent de justifier certains faits accomplis sans remettre en cause le principe de légalité, il est certains précédents (comme celui du Bangladesh) où ces Etats restent tout simplement silencieux par rapport à cette question. Ainsi, l’analyse du principe ex injuria jus non oritur à l’épreuve de la pratique internationale tendrait peut-être, non pas à reconnaître la portée du principe en toute hypothèse, mais à montrer qu’au-delà d’un certain seuil de tension, le droit disparaît dans la mesure où le discours qui s’y rapporte disparaît. En définitive, la tension entre la légalité (l’existence formelle d’un ordre juridique international) et l’effectivité (laquelle ne témoigne pas toujours de l’existence de cet ordre juridique) est aussi celle qui habite le spécialiste de droit de droit international, parfois confronté aux limites de son activité et de sa discipline.
Doctorat en droit
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Llorens, Yolanda. "La connaissance de la règle de droit." Toulouse 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU10002.
Full textSow, Abdoul Aziz. "L'effectivité du droit de l'environnement au Sénégal." Cergy-Pontoise, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CERG0410.
Full textIn poor countries like Senegal two essential problems are posed as regard environmental protection: it opportunity and it effectivity. However, the effectivity being an ideal ever reached, we wanted as of start to clear the environmental law while insisting on the scientificity of the environment which still explains this weak effectivity. In addition, the existence of a legal provision calls, beyond its formal validity, a certain effectivity in order to ensure its effectiveness which is the source of its perenniality in the social arena. This effectivity, valid for any standard, occupies a major importance in the environmental regulation. Because environmental law is a finalist regulation. If not, with what would be used a flowering of legal texts if their effectivity is not assured? Within the framework of these problems of the effectivity of the environmental rules in Senegal, we started from a normative and sociological approach of the effectivity of the rule. This double approach conceives the effectivity of the regulation as being dependent on two cumulative conditions which are the application of the standard and the production of the effects expected by its writers. The demonstration led to the report of infectivity through the inapplication of the environmental rules and to the production of perverse effects on the legal and socio-economic sides. This dark screen was for us the situation to be reversed and the tendency to reverse. For then, the requirement to lay down the conditions of a desired effectivity and in extreme cases dreamed, which passes undoubtedly by a renewal of a new African environmental law. This new law will have to change paradigms into integrating the endogenous rules which continue to prove their effectiveness out of environmental matter. But beyond this argumentation, this problem was the occasion to pose the stakes of a rupture in the manner of producing the standards in a context of legal pluralism and imitation
TOUBOUL, FREDERIC. "Le principe de securite juridique - essai de legislation." Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA111003.
Full textCornu, Elise. "L'effectivité de la technique conventionnelle dans la pratique du Conseil de l'Europe." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR30023.
Full textOver the fifty-five years of the Council of Europe's existence, 197 conventions have been elaborated in its framework without any global analysis having been carried out as to its contribution to the creation of a pan-European legal space. Several criteria make it possible to assess the effectiveness of treaties : the drafting process, the conditions of the entry into force and the number of Parties, the extent of the undertakings, the existence and efficiency of a mechanism for monitoring the implementation of the treaty and its application. Applied to the convention process as a whole, these criteria may serve as instruments to identify the requirements to be met for a treaty to have the effect intended by its negotiators. A global analysis will allow identifying those conventions which are assets to the convention heritage of the Council of Europe, as well as those which are obselete. It will also underline the necessity for the Organisation to refocus its convention activities
Noël, Christine. "Les activités de travail et le droit : transgression, assimilation, renormalisation, de la philosophie juridique à l'approche ergologique du droit du travail." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10041.
Full textDerdevet, Martine. "Les accords transnationaux d'entreprise à l'épreuve de leur effectivité : entre autonomie et coercition." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D067.
Full textIn the past two or so decades, 320 transnational company-wide agreements (TCAs) have been entered into by 190 transnational corporations, covering over 10 million employees (2 million in Europe), along with suppliers and subcontractors. By now, one has sufficient hindsight to confidently state that a TCA is a private-law agreement, negotiated (statute law being silent here) by corporate management and employees (some of whom of doubtful legitimacy), and enjoying considerable leeway when it comes to opportunities, method, choice of issues, purview and conflict-resolution. That independence nonetheless remains relative: for a TCA to apply across-the-board on a multinational level continues to be somewhat hazardous, given how greatly regulations may vary. This provides the occasion for a TCA to show its capacity for setting up and deploying private provisions without third-party intervention, notably from the Courts. The advantages: its ability to fill-out, as it were, gaps in the law, making up for the law's eventual inadequacies, while harmonising the law, against ail expectation, within a self-defined purview.This thesis has been designed to show how the TCA emerges from a delicate balance between three stages, equal in importance (negotiations, deployment, follow-up) with its tangible, synallagmatic commitments consolidating as time goes on. In order for a TCA to be viewed otherwise than as a mere "adjustment-standard", we suggest that its independence should henceforth be acknowledged by both domestic and international law, thereby granting it a true identity and preventing back-sliding in economic, social and environmental matters, while enabling it to become ever more democratic
Dubuis, Amanda. "Les droits du patient en droit de l'Union Européenne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1078.
Full textPatients and their rights have been increasingly talked about within EU institutions, which may surprise as this subject is so remote from the Communities’ original focus. In the absence of specific legal competence, both fundamental rights and the internal market have been tapped into by EU institutions. There is so much interest in this field that there now exists a real profusion of norms (consisting of both soft and hard law sources) impacting upon the accessibility and intelligibility. Our analysis eventually offers a codification whose ambition is to make patients’ rights as recognised by EU legislation more readable. Moreover, resorting to the theory of fundamental rights enable us to ascertain whether or not recognised prerogatives constitute real individual rights. The interest in patients’ rights contributes to the effectiveness of their protection all over the EU. However, on account of the distribution of competences between the Union and member states, effectiveness actually operates on two levels : the cross-border dimension of healthcare is particularly favourable to the reality of rights inherent to this situation while effectiveness is not so straightforward for those who have no specific links with mobility. In light of this, research has turned towards the question of improving effectiveness whose prospects are more or less fruitful depending on the nature of the obligation which rights give rise to for those they are aimed at. All in all, this analys entails consideration of the existence of a legal status for patients and proposals intended to further reinforce the place of patients and, therefore, the safeguarding of his rights
Fauchon, Chloé. "L’effectivité des droits de la défense dans les procédures pénales transfrontières : étude en droit de l’Union européenne, droit français et droit espagnol." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2023. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2023/FAUCHON_Chloe_2023_ED101.pdf.
Full textThe European Union, either to constitute a Union with Rule of Law or to ensure fairness in cross-border criminal proceedings, must pursue the objective of effectiveness of defence rights in these proceedings. However, the reality is different; defence rights are not effective in cross-border criminal proceedings, as demonstrated by this thesis through the example of cross-border criminal proceedings between France and Spain. In order to accomplish this goal, we suggest various measures. First of all, a European normative instrument on defence rights in cross-border criminal proceedings should be adopted, and, secondly, it is necessary to create European operational structures to re-establish equality of arms between repressive authorities and the defendant
El, Qotni Hanane. "Les droits de l'enfant : étude du droit français et du droit positif marocain à travers la source du droit musulman." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30003/document.
Full textFrom purely theoretical ideas on the childhood, the fruits of a societal upheaval in west in the time of the Lights, were needed centuries to carry out the route leading to the legal recognition of children rights: the International Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989 marks the outcome and the starting point of a new vision of the child. So, children rights became a political and legal stake for all the States which ratified it among which France and Morocco. If for France, the ratification of the CIDE was the continuation of reforms begun at the internal level, it is a question for Morocco of a first awarenessNevertheless, the recognition of children rights does not stop at the stage of the symbolic ratification of the international text. Involved states have to make effective the capacitieS of the CIDE whether it is at the level of the standard or in practice. The implementation of the international text among which its direct applicability in front of the judge, its realization in the everyday life of the child, the adoption of its philosophy and its new logic establishes the proofs of this gratitude. Indeed, it is at this stage that the differences between both studied legal systems take place.Between overflowing and breaches, omnipresence and occasionality, every context and every legal system dreads the question of children rights, in particular its effectiveness depends on its history, sociocultural process, political system and also its socioeconomic situation. In this way, the CIDE becomes a tool among of the other one and not the objective in itself. In the end it is the children rights which we want to realize and not the compromise agreed by the states who signed up the convention
Médard, Inghilterra Robin. "La réalisation du droit de la non-discrimination." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100038.
Full textOver the last decades, anti-discrimination law significantly expanded and appears now as a wide body of rules. Founded upon a main prohibition (the prohibition of discrimination) and a right to be exercised (the right to be free from discrimination), ATD law is subject to a continuous growth, as the abundance of protected grounds attests. While its normative requirements increase, the social behaviours show in contrast one of its main challenges: its lack of effectiveness. The credibility of law as well as the protection of victims are then strained and lead up to conceive a tailor-made policy to support the realization of law.Such an ambition plainly exceeds the sole capacity of lawmakers. As ATD law mainly consists in referring illegitimate treatments to the courts, it considerably unloads the process of realization on the victim. She is the one who must legally qualify the situation she experienced and then claim her right by engaging through a judicial combat in order to obtain redress. The law is, however, no stranger to this process, and frames it. Beforehand, its design shapes the qualities of the tool made available to stakeholders. Afterwards, the way it deals with the proceedings determines the ability of courts to satisfy a rightful claim. Therefore, it is required to enter into a critical examination of the ways whereby normative authorities seize the legal factors of realization. While the analysis reveals some shortcomings, it exposes at the same time some unexploited areas that ATD law could explore
Delabie, Lucie. "Approches américaines du droit international : entre unité et diversité." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010309.
Full textKeita, Kalil Aissata. "L'influence du droit administratif français sur le droit administratif guinéen." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR036.
Full textThe influence of French administrative law on Guinean administrative law results from the historic link marked by colonization between the two states. Thus at independence, the construction of Guinean administrative law will be based on the previous legal scheme even if the latter had been deemed unsuitable for the Guinean context. This is the case with the concepts of public service, administrative police, unilateral administrative acts, administrative contracts. This is also the case for the varieties of control to which administrative action is subject, such as litigation control through the various contentious appeals and administrative responsibility or non-judicial control through hierarchical control, administrative and financial control, political and institutional control. It is a question of returning to the primitive contradictions relating to the process of construction of Guinean administrative law based on the French legal experience. This Guinean administrative law, which is basically derived from French administrative law, faces difficulties in application in Guinean society. This raises the question of its effectiveness. It has obviously not been redesigned to be used for the development of the recipient company. It is bypassed sometimes diverted or even rejected due to its discrepancy with the local legal culture. It is misunderstood. He still struggles to acclimatize and take shape in Guinean society. Citizens have not yet appropriated because they ignore it. It is a question of returning to the contradictions resulting from the application of Guinean administrative law from the perspective of critiques of the law. Faced with these difficulties of application, it seems necessary to redefine Guinean administrative law taking into account the local legal culture
Akpomey, Honoré. "L’Etat de droit au Bénin : une délicate concrétisation." Thesis, Perpignan, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PERP0012.
Full textThe theme of Rule of Law has been particularly popular since the 80’s. No State can be internationally respected nowadays if it does not expressly declare itself to practice a Rule of Law. It is now admitted in sub-Saharan Africa and in Benin that the State can no longer function only through violence in the name of development. The constituents and populations decided to go from an arbitrary power where everything is permitted to a State that agrees to be limited by the law and to respect it, in other words, a Rule of Law.Benin has proven its adherence to the idea of Rule of law since its National Conference held in Cotonou from 19 to 28 february 1990 and the adoption of its new Constitution on 11 december 1990, followed by the “jurisdictionalisation” of the political sphere through the creation of the Constitutional Court that every citizen can refer to. This thesis presents the history of the consolidation of the Rule of Law in Benin and points out its weaknesses. The Justice and Rule of Law are only relatively effective. Patrimonialism and corruption prevail
Kauffmann, Paul-Etienne. "L'évaluation de la qualité de la loi par le Parlement." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUED008.
Full textFoe, Ndi Christophe. "La mise en oeuvre du droit à la santé au Cameroun." Thesis, Avignon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AVIG2064.
Full textThe State of Cameroon has ratified numerous international instruments to guarantee the rightto health of its people. Further, it has created institutions with the aim of making this righteffective. Even though some gaps can still be observed between international norms andlegislative as well as administrative measures taken at the national level, the task now is toevaluate the capability of these national measures together with that of the institutionscharged with implementing them, in ensuring efficacy in the realization of the right to health.This approach therefore leads us to question the guarantee of this right no more in terms ofeffectiveness of norms and institutions, but rather in terms of their efficacy in preventinginfringements to the health of people.The efficacy-approach adopted in this evaluation brings us to acknowledge the fact that legaland non-legal mechanisms contribute in a relative manner in the guarantee of the right tohealth. However, the evaluation of the strategies and actions taken at the national level leadsto the conclusion that there still exists in various aspects, huge gaps with internationalstandards laid down in order to fully implement the right to health. Thus, it flows from whathas been mentioned above that even though the legal and institutional framework regardingthe right to health is rich, the State of Cameroon nevertheless does not succeed in protectingwith efficacy the health of its populations. To overcome this problem, some reforms arenecessary in the Cameroonian health system.Firstly, the Cameroonian health system needs to adopt a proactive rather than only a reactiveapproach in designing measures aimed at protecting people’s health. In addition, this systemshould take more into consideration health determinants, thus including the preventivedimension, and not only relying on the curative dimension of health’s protection. Secondly, itseems nowadays essential to put in place universal health coverage in order to fight againstthe exclusion of poor and vulnerable people. In the same vein of ensuring people’saccessibility to health care services, the integration of traditional medicine in the Cameroonianhealth system will deeply contribute to the reduction of medical deserts and to reduce thecosts of health services
Matringe, Jean. "La contestation des actes unilatéraux des organisations internationales par les États membres : étude sur la centralisation de l'ordre juridique international." Paris 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA020015.
Full textAlsalmo, Abdallah. "La sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel immatériel en droit international." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40007.
Full textCultural heritage doesn't only include monuments and the collection of objects. /cultural heritage is about more than monuments or the collection of objects. It, also, includes the traditions or the modern inherited expressions from our ancestors and transmitted to our descendants, what we call the intangible cultural heritage. The importance of this heritage doesn't reside so much in the cultural demonstration itself, but in the richness of knowledge, and the know-hows that are transmitted from one generation to another. This transmission of knowledge has social value, economical, cultural and legal relevance for minority groups, as well as for the main social groups, and is also, important for the world. The choice of the techniques used for international protection is linked directly to the objectives pursued by the UNESCO. Beyond the text of the 2003 convention and other international agreements adopted by the UNESCO, it can perhaps be useful to tackle more widely the legal solutions of the intangible cultural heritage. The aim of our study consists of analysing the normative action concerning the intangible cultural heritage in placing the light on the definition of the intangible cultural heritage as well as the international standards important to its protection and also in tackling the question of effectivity and efficiency of the international protection of this heritage. In conclusion, the results for the normative action and effectivity do not escape our analysis. It is, in the end about the possibility of putting in place a plan for the protection of a better future
Simenou, Henry. "Efficacité des garanties du crédit du droit OHADA." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD045.
Full textWilling to enhance their economic attractiveness », some central and west african countries have decided to create a common organisation named OHADA. Based on different law subdivisions, nine Uniform Acts have been adopted, one of which is related to securities law (AUS).Adopting the AUS was a means for the OHADA State members to bring securities law’s level in line with expectations of international economic actors.The rules set out in the AUS cannot be a sufficient basis for anyone aiming to estimate the efficacy of his guarantee.It’s also necessary to analyse the rules included in others Uniform acts ; particularly those wich are relative to corporate law, collective proceedings law or enforcement procedures.Furthermore, it’s inescapable to examine the domestic legislation of OHADA State Members : mainly contract law, property law or matrimonial law.Besides, credit guarantee’s efficacy also highly depends on the environment in which they are formed. The OHADA territory is marked by a high level of juridical insecurity.As well, it’s not hard to notice that the adequacy of the rules relatives to credit guarantees is insufficient. This limit is revealed by the economic actors’ reticence to appropriate the rules adopted by the OHADA’s legislator
Gattino, Pollicott Alexandra. "Le renforcement de l’effectivité de la lutte contre la contrefaçon : L’exemple des contrefaçons de marques françaises illégalement fabriquées en Chine et en Thaïlande." Paris 9, 2011. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2011PA090037.
Full textHow to reinforce the effectiveness of the fight against counterfeiting, in particular of French trademarks illegally manufactured in China and in Thailand? It is necessary to grasp intellectual property law in its international dimension and to handle it as much on the legal aspect as under the angle of legal sociology, by integrating an operational and epistemological approach. It is a matter of proposing a practical assessment of the gaps existing between law and its enforcement on the one hand, and law and its reception in society on the other hand. Inductive and interdisciplinary, such a research is supported by an investigation led on the ground and by interviews of the players of the fight as well as those of counterfeiting, in France (consuming country) and then in China and in Thailand (producing countries). The result of this study leads to a variety of measures aiming at reinforcing the effectiveness of law in the fight against counterfeiting and, on a larger scale, at raising the question of the legal effectiveness of other forms of law fights
Gosselin, Jessica. "Analyse différenciée entre les sexes, gouvernance et progression égalitaire : étude de la compatibilité du droit constitutionnel canadien aux obligations relatives à l'égalité par l'exemple du Plan Nord." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30626/30626.pdf.
Full textThis study purports to analyze the government of Quebec’s obligations with respect to sex-based equality in the elaboration of the PLAN NORD. We address this issue with an approach combining the State’s obligations resulting from the right to sex-based equality in Canada, the governance issue raised in major projects such as the PLAN NORD and the implementation of gender-mainstreaming analyses as a means to achieve substantive equality. We take the position that the right to sex equality guaranteed under Section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms imposes on the State a positive obligation to act. This conclusion is supported by Canada’s international agreements, social policies favoring the implementation of gender-mainstreaming analyses and the often reiterated position of the Supreme Court of Canada pursuing substantive equality. Gender-mainstreaming is presented as to be the subject of a formal constitutional recognition and as a means to achieve equality in Canada.
Détais, Julien. "Les nations unies et le droit de légitime défense." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00346398.
Full textRebourg, Émilie. "Les normes constitutionnelles programmatiques en France et en Italie : contribution à l'identification d'un concept." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUL0071.
Full textStill subject to a certain level of vagueness in France, the concept of programmatic constilutional norms (PCN) required acomparative analysis based on the Italian experience in order to identify its trontiers and subsequently study ils place in law. Il appears that the PCN reters ta a multiplicity of normative categories ot axiological and teleological character, serving as political strategy while structuring the legal system. Moreover, the introduction of programmalic form in modern constitutions combines the vagueness of the norm in its modern formulation to the law in ils classical variant. Programs have struggled to find their place in law. The peN seem to be a priori denied of legal effect, their rather vague wordings would only established simple goals. However, their development in the legal space seem important enough 10 avoid PCN to be considered as legal oddities that couk' attend ta the purity of law. Indeed, Ihe concept of PCN connects to real programmatic constitutional norms whose normativity remains peculiar, sign not of a "crisis" of the law, but of its "evolution"
Montet, Laurent. "Le dualisme des ordres juridictionnels." Thesis, Toulon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUL0088.
Full textThis is not to linger on the classic question about if a judicial order is better than two orders. There is a willingness to go beyond what there is to characterize as a quarrel. Indeed, the substantive matter referred by this subject is based on the concern for effectiveness of law and the structural character (see MOTULSKY in "principle of a methodological realization of private law") of the authority judicial. Therefore, it is to understand in depth the effects expected by the principle of seperation of authorities and then to a reflection on changes that they undergo
Ay, Ebru. "La validité de la convention d'arbitrage en droits turc et comparé de l'arbitrage international." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010307.
Full text