Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Effectivité'
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Walkowiak, Yann. "Effectivité dans le théorème d'irréductibilité de Hilbert." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008392.
Full textDucos, Lionel. "Effectivité en théorie de Galois - sous-résultants." Poitiers, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997POIT2358.
Full textBates, Samuel. "Effectivité des canaux de transmission de la politique monétaire." Antilles-Guyane, 2006. http://merlin.u-picardie.fr/login?url=http://u-picardie.cyberlibris.fr/book/10195420.
Full textIf the theoretical channels of monetary policy transmission to the real sphere are weIl defined, empirical doubts concerning their intensity remain. Thus, the aim is to suggest a new procedure to measure the transmission channels macroeconomic effectiveness. It is based on the creation of a causal intensity coefficient useful whatever the series of interest. It offers the ability to classifyat short and long term the transmission mechanisms intensity according to a hierarchical system. The identification of the determining factors in the change of the monetary policy effects on the real sphere is ensued
Hugues, Régis. "Le procesus de communication des autorités publiques : dialectique et effectivité." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040073.
Full textThe concept of public authority, which takes root in the political and moral sciences, can also be linked to a communicative aim:- The consubstantial and conflicting relation of sense is highlighted; - The dynamic observation of the communicative process is articulated around this relation;- The effectiveness strategic issue interpretation of the communication of the public authorities.Search on interweaved issue opens up to a system of hypotheses, on the one hand, the communicative autonomy of the public authority gets organized around a double polarity legitimization/representation, on the other hand, the process of communication brings to highlight a dialectic of strength. Finally, this dialectical relation involves a system of action, where the public authority puts at stake the effectiveness of its device of communication.We suggest understanding the communication process of the public authorities inside a political modernity field: the public authority builds its legitimization by the political meaning and goes through it by a real recognition route on the citizen "ground"
Luciani-Mien, Dominique. "L' effectivité des droits de la défense en procédure pénale." Paris 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA020059.
Full textTissot, Stéphanie. "Effectivité des droits des créanciers et protection du patrimoine familial." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1083/document.
Full textThe right to enforced performance offers creditors legal remedies for forcing defaulting debtors to perform their obligations. However, this relationship of obligation is less a tie between two people as it is a tie between two sets of assets. This explains why obligations are performed in respect of the property of the debtor. Performance should thus be entirely extraneous to the debtor's family situation and concern only the debtor's personal assets. Yet despite the fact that families do not have legal personality, "community property" (patrimoine familial) commonly comes into play. In the broad sense of the term, "community property" is thus necessarily of interest to third-party creditors. Certain property is afforded special protection generally intended to protect the family. In addition to legal protection, contractual protection may also apply. The legislation in this area thus allows for a certain degree of flexibility with respect to private will, even if it ultimately reduces a creditor's claim. This protection thus necessarily conflicts with the creditor's right to performance and raises the question of the legitimacy of the interference it causes. In some cases, the balance is maintained between guaranteeing creditors' ability to exercise their right to enforced performance and ensuring legitimate protection of family assets. In other cases, however, this balance is threatened or even upset, calling the entire tenor and intent of the right to enforced performance into question
Roulhac, Cédric. "L’opposabilité des droits et libertés." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100102.
Full textClassic figure in the legal world, opposability has gradually gained the field of rights and liberties. Inscribed in the discourse of positive law, it had been placed in a heterogeneous magma legal discourse generated by a plurality of actors. An analytical and critical approach of these speeches was deployed for a clarification and, ultimately, a better understanding of the subject of rights and liberties. The research has clarified the semantic confusion that characterizes the word. As a conceptual figure, opposability experiences variations of meanings that associate it with a plural ideas. As qualifying adjective reported from the rights and liberties ilselves, either doctrinal categories by reference to which their effects are apprehended and thought, opposability becomes blurred by the ambiguity of the objects to which it is associated. But research has also been able to explain the operational nature of this figure for the different actors who mobilize. In view of actors law, this utility is understood in relation to difficulties arising from the apprehension of developments in the matter. Its operational nature has been especially highlighted in relation to interactions between these actors and strategies for each of the transformation of the law. In view of the science of law, its instrumental value was relativized vis-à-vis other conceptual tools by demonstrating the virtues of the guarantee of a conceptual economy
Derdevet, Martine. "Les accords transnationaux d'entreprise à l'épreuve de leur effectivité : entre autonomie et coercition." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D067.
Full textIn the past two or so decades, 320 transnational company-wide agreements (TCAs) have been entered into by 190 transnational corporations, covering over 10 million employees (2 million in Europe), along with suppliers and subcontractors. By now, one has sufficient hindsight to confidently state that a TCA is a private-law agreement, negotiated (statute law being silent here) by corporate management and employees (some of whom of doubtful legitimacy), and enjoying considerable leeway when it comes to opportunities, method, choice of issues, purview and conflict-resolution. That independence nonetheless remains relative: for a TCA to apply across-the-board on a multinational level continues to be somewhat hazardous, given how greatly regulations may vary. This provides the occasion for a TCA to show its capacity for setting up and deploying private provisions without third-party intervention, notably from the Courts. The advantages: its ability to fill-out, as it were, gaps in the law, making up for the law's eventual inadequacies, while harmonising the law, against ail expectation, within a self-defined purview.This thesis has been designed to show how the TCA emerges from a delicate balance between three stages, equal in importance (negotiations, deployment, follow-up) with its tangible, synallagmatic commitments consolidating as time goes on. In order for a TCA to be viewed otherwise than as a mere "adjustment-standard", we suggest that its independence should henceforth be acknowledged by both domestic and international law, thereby granting it a true identity and preventing back-sliding in economic, social and environmental matters, while enabling it to become ever more democratic
Diallo, Ibrahima. "Effectivité du droit sénégalais des collectivités locales dans le cadre de la décentralisation administrative." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010301.
Full textTOURE, ABDRAMANE. "Le droit malien de la fonction publique : effectivité de la norme et problèmes d'application." Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOD003.
Full textSaint-Pierre, Louis. "L' effectivité du droit aux soins : Etude comparative de droit interne français et québecois." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32032.
Full textLike it use to be with most of the right to statements, legal practitioner are generally skeptical regarding the right to health care ability to produce juridical effects. However, this specific right shows, through judges constructions, that he can influence positive law, once it's stated. Such an influence can clearly be noticed in Quebecker law. It can also be in French law, less clearly. Right to health care statement modified the nature and the schema of the duty inherent to the horizontal relation between care giver and patient. The influence can be noticed regarding the juridical qualifying of the relation, as long as the scheme of the main duty incumbent on the care giver. The prerogatives conferred by this right have subsidiary and complementary functions in relation to those general and specific duties. The right to health care also has a vertical effectiveness, creating prerogatives for all citizens that can be opposed to the State. The degree of protection so given fluctuates according the fact that the care needed is or not due to guaranty the respect of a fundamental right
Sorgho, Zakaria. "Protection des dénominations géographiques dans l'Union Européenne : effectivité et analyse des effets sur le commerce." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25444.
Full textThe protection of geographical indications (GIs) is a very controversial subject at the World Trade Organization as well as in the negotiations of bilateral trade agreements like the Canada/European Union Trade Agreement (CETA). This is mainly because different countries have very different views on how to go about protecting GIs. North American countries favor trademarks because they believe that the “know-how” can be transferred across geographical boundaries and that it is possible to replicate or even improve on ancestral production processes developed in a given region. “Parmesan” cheese and “Parma” ham are examples of products manufactured and marketed under these names in Canada. The European Union (EU) promotes a « terroir » approach, applying a sui generis protection, which grants a monopoly of the GI to producers located in a specific region. The first European regulation of GIs was adopted in 1992. But more than 20 years later, the effectiveness of GIs in the EU Member States appears mixed. Our thesis attempts to explain reasons for this situation and analyzes the trade-impact of GI protection considering trade within the European Union. Our research on reasons highlights two key issues related to the European GI regulation: potential conflicts between geographical marks (containing geographical names or terms) and sign of GIs (IGP/PDO), and the degeneration of GIs. In addition, we note that consumers are comparatively confused between GIs products and organic products, and small potential producers are rather deterred by the costs of GIs implementation, monitoring and control. Our findings suggest that the protection of GIs creates trade when the importing and exporting countries have GI-protected products. Trade increased by 0.76% when both exporting and importing countries have protected products, after controlling for the effects of others determinants of trade. There is also empirical evidence regarding a trade-diverting effect when the importing country does not have GIs. In addition, our results note a border enlargement effect arising from European GI-protection. An analysis by sector of production indicates that the trade-impact of protecting GIs in some sectors is more important than other sectors.
Troshani, Taulant. "Effectivité et efficacité du système de protection des droits fondamentaux au sein de l’Union européenne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUL0128.
Full textThe European Union is built on a strong commitment to promoting and protecting human rights, democracy and the rule of law in the world. Human rights are at the heart of the EU's relations with other countries and regions. This thesis examines in detail the fundamental implications of competition or cooperation between the courts of Strasbourg and Luxembourg in the light of the latest developments concerning the system for the protection of fundamental rights in the European Union, such as the accession of from the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights. The protection of human rights remains a subject of infinite discussion. The general attitude towards a more exhaustive and binding catalog of human rights is essentially positive, although the constitutional and jurisdictional problems of such a binding document can not be ignored
Baciocchi, Vincent. "Effectivité du processus d'intégration européen : mise en place et application d'un modèle d'analyse de la convergence." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0019.
Full textThe treaty of maastricht is highly constraining for the national economies of the member countries. The monetary and budgetary policies applied in the framework of maastricht aim at a rapprochement between the economic policies of the fifteen members of the european community and for the future potential members in order to allow, by 1999, but equally after this date, the passage to the third phase for the largest number of countries in the best conditions. The convergence process mentioned here, only concerns the nominal criteria, the underlying idea being that the connection of fundamental economic values such as the inflation rate, longterm interest rate, exchange rate, the debt and the public deficit should lead to convergence of the real criteria which are the gnp growth rate and the unemployement rate (for instance). This work studies a new method of calculation and measurement of convergence in the sense of maastricht, the principle component analysis (p. C. A). The five criteria which are usualy analysed independently are here aggregated in a synthetic indicator of convergence. This indicator is calculated for each country in a chosen time period. This method enables to be studied and measured simultaneously for the same country, the convergence of the five criteria; this presents a precise representation which shows if the country converges or not. This method gives an easier understanding of the maastricht criteria yet preserves their original substance. We then discuss the results obtained with the (p. C. A) method, and try to highlight different time sequences in the european monetary and budgetary convergence. Then, we study the validity and necessity of the convergence criteria. This analysis focuses on their role in the establishing monetary and economic union. Consequently, this work discusses the autorities choice of governments to encourage restrictive monetary and budgetary policies in europe at the end of this decade
Richard, Vincent. "Le droit et l'effectivité : contribution à l'étude d'une notion." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020055.
Full textSerban, Claudia-Cristina. "Le possible selon Husserl et Heidegger." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040179.
Full textWhile describing Husserl’s and Heidegger’s philosophical project as a phenomenology of possibility, we intend to prove the existence of a phenomenological concept of possibility that cannot be reduced to a metaphysical or a mere modal concept. For phenomenology not only inverts the traditional primacy of effectivity on possibility, but also, and most importantly, overcomes the static opposition of the two by bringing to light the fact that they dynamically belong together. Therefore, phenomenology has the right to assert that « higher than effectivity stands possibility » insofar it discovers their constant and irreducible intertwining within reality
Davant, Jérôme. "Les incidents liés à la protection juridique des investissements étrangers en Chine : effectivité des voies de recours." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10050.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to bring insights into the understanding of the evolution of business law in China and in particular on the tools of investment protection used by foreigners in this country. This paper analyses the events related to the protection of foreign investments as well as the efficiency of arbitrative solutions in the case of problems
Abeberry, Magescas Xavier. "Le gouvernement central de l'Espagne sous Joseph Bonaparte (1808-1813) : effectivité des institutions monarchiques de la justice royale." Paris 12, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA122007.
Full textCharrier-Potiron, Laure. "Vers un régime juridique de la femme en droit international public : de l'affirmation des droits à leur effectivité." Nantes Université. Pôle Sociétés. Faculté de droit et des sciences politiques (Nantes), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT4005.
Full textThe declaration of human rights was initially worded in neutral terms so as not to establish in law any distinction between individuals and also to give effect to the universality of the rights laid down, In the face of persistent inequalities of law and fact, national and international institutions from then on were engaged in building a body of law particular to women and, above all, promoting a gender-based approach in each of their texts and their policies. But the achievement of women's rights clashed with national sovereignty, resistance from societies and textual and procedural shortfalls in public international and regional law. The emergence of the individual in such a subject, albeit in a minor way, as public international law could, however, allow women to be better written into the collective movement to recognise and bring about human rights
Rabagny, Agnès. "Théorie générale de l'apparence en droit privé." Paris 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA020015.
Full textAgostini, Christophe. "Les normes non valides : contribution à une théorie générale de l'annulation juridictionnelle des normes." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100142.
Full textCornu, Elise. "L'effectivité de la technique conventionnelle dans la pratique du Conseil de l'Europe." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR30023.
Full textOver the fifty-five years of the Council of Europe's existence, 197 conventions have been elaborated in its framework without any global analysis having been carried out as to its contribution to the creation of a pan-European legal space. Several criteria make it possible to assess the effectiveness of treaties : the drafting process, the conditions of the entry into force and the number of Parties, the extent of the undertakings, the existence and efficiency of a mechanism for monitoring the implementation of the treaty and its application. Applied to the convention process as a whole, these criteria may serve as instruments to identify the requirements to be met for a treaty to have the effect intended by its negotiators. A global analysis will allow identifying those conventions which are assets to the convention heritage of the Council of Europe, as well as those which are obselete. It will also underline the necessity for the Organisation to refocus its convention activities
Galateau, Aurélien. "Problème de Bogomolov sur les variétés abéliennes." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00203583.
Full textMartire, Noémie. "Les métamorphoses des procédures traditionnelles de jugement des crimes sous la pression de l’efficacité procédurale : une approche comparatiste franco-canadienne." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67010.
Full text« Efficacité », « efficience », « rapidité » ou encore « simplification »… Le champ lexical du pragmatisme et de l’utilitarisme a intégré les nouvelles législations portant sur la matière criminelle. L’encombrement des juridictions, le non-respect du droit à un jugement dans un délai raisonnable et le coût de ce contentieux ont motivé les récentes transformations. Pourtant, le jugement des crimes est le fruit d’une tradition ancienne et symbolique, riche en spécificités juridiques. Qu’advient-il de ces dernières, une fois confrontées à l’objectif d’efficacité procédurale ? L’exemple comparé des systèmes français et canadien, construits sur la base de modèles théoriques différents, est révélateur. Tandis que le système français a une tendance inquisitoire conformément aux droits de tradition romano-germanique, son homologue canadien, de common law, est essentiellement accusatoire. En dépit de leurs différences procédurales classiques, il faut observer que l’exigence d’efficience a créé de nombreux rapprochements entre les deux systèmes de justice criminelle. Le potentiel de l’objectif d’efficacité, en tant que vecteur de mutations procédurales, est ainsi manifeste. Les spécificités du jugement des crimes connaissent des atténuations, et une partie du contentieux se trouve écarté des modes traditionnels de jugement. C’est à travers l’analyse de certains détails que s’observent les nombreuses transformations procédurales. Une attention particulière doit être portée à l’égard de ces constats, dans la mesure où le système juridique, en matière criminelle, est réputé être le plus garantiste. Par conséquent, cette étude vise à discerner et à comprendre le sens de ces métamorphoses procédurales. L’intérêt est majeur : souvent silencieuses, ces mutations bouleversent les systèmes traditionnels de jugement des crimes, dès lors qu’elles sont additionnées les unes aux autres.
Ba, Daouda. "L' effectivité des normes de l' organisation internationale du travail et le travail des enfants dans les pays en développement : le cas du Mali." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020053.
Full textThe importance of child labour in developing countries, especially in Mali, led us to study it from a "legal" point of view, particularly in the field of labour and social security Law. In one hand, one should ask about the importance of International Labour Organisation in view of child labour, looking at the same time into the conceptual problems related to the definition, the causes and consequences of child labour. Thus, one considers necessary to study the historical, political, cultural and legal fluctuations that characterize the developing countries, particularly Mali (Part I). On the other hand, the question concerning the removal of child labour's exploitation requires actions on many fronts as legislative and economic measures, supervision of the informal sector, decent work promotion and establishment of a universal social security system (Part II). Finally, one outlines the social politics of Mali which mainly go through the setting up (establishment) of an efficient child politics
Lagerwall, Anne. "Le principe ex injuria jus non oritur en droit international contemporain." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210413.
Full textDans une première partie, il s’agit de se demander si ce principe a été reconnu en droit international public, et dans l’affirmative d’en déterminer la portée juridique. La maxime ex injuria jus non oritur ne pouvant être réduite à une règle juridique particulière, la question qui se pose est plutôt de savoir si on peut la qualifier de principe du droit international public qui, sans constituer une source formelle de l’ordre juridique, permet d’expliquer la logique sous-jacente à certaines règles du droit international. Les expressions de ce principe visent d’abord des situations dans lesquelles on remet en cause la validité d’un acte juridique issu de la violation du droit international (invalidité du titre de souveraineté relatif à un territoire acquis ou occupé illégalement, invalidité de l’acte juridique adopté par une autorité illégale, nullité d’un traité dont la conclusion a été obtenue par une contrainte illicite, inadmissibilité comme preuve d’une déclaration obtenue sous la torture, invalidité d’une saisie ou d’une arrestation illégale, invalidité d’un ordre illégal émis par un supérieur hiérarchique). Dans une perspective parallèle, on retrouve le principe dans la règle selon laquelle la violation du droit international ne remet pas en cause sa validité, règle valable dans le domaine du droit des traités, de la coutume ou de la responsabilité internationale. A côté de cette dimension « objective » (dans la mesure où elle recouvre un problème de validité), une dimension plus « subjective » apparaît dans les relations entre sujets du droit international. Ainsi, l’auteur d’une violation du droit international ne peut s’en prévaloir pour revendiquer des droits, et doit plutôt en effacer les conséquences. De même, les Etats tiers ne peuvent reconnaître comme licite une situation résultant de la violation grave d’une norme impérative de droit international, ni ne peuvent prêter aide ou assistance au maintien de cette situation. A l’issue de la première partie de la thèse, on peut établir un constat nuancé :le principe ex injuria jus non oritur constitue un principe général, qui peut être induit de diverses règles de droit international positif, règles qu’il permet d’interpréter en en explicitant l’objet et le but. En même temps, cette existence ne peut être comprise que moyennant une définition stricte et limitée de ce principe, lequel ne prescrit pas, comme on aurait pu s’y attendre, qu’aucun droit ne puisse jamais résulter d’une violation du droit. En premier lieu, et au travers des différents exemples qui viennent d’être mentionnés, on peut remarquer que seules des violations graves —et non des irrégularités mineures— sont de nature à empêcher la création de droits (ainsi, par exemple, dans le domaine de la récolte de preuve). En second lieu, on remarque que seuls les droits qui découleraient directement (dans le sens où ils en consacreraient juridiquement les effets) d’une violation grave du droit ne peuvent être valablement reconnus (ainsi, par exemple, des actes quotidiens d’administration posés par un occupant illégal peuvent être reconnus, ces actes n’étant pas intrinsèquement liés à ce statut d’occupant illégal). Ce n’est que dans cette double mesure que l’on peut affirmer que, en droit international positif, il existe un principe général exprimé par la maxime ex injuria jus non oritur.
Dans la seconde partie de la thèse, le principe est confronté, d’une part (volet empirique) à des précédents dans lesquels il semble avoir été mis à mal (certaines situations semblant avoir résulté de violations graves du principe impératif de l’interdiction du recours à la force) et, d’autre part (volet théorique), à des théories du droit international susceptibles d’en expliquer à la fois le fonctionnement et les limites. Le volet empirique s’appuie sur une étude de cas :la reconnaissance du Bangladesh à la suite d’une intervention militaire de l’Inde au Pakistan, la reconnaissance des gouvernements installés au Cambodge à la suite de l’intervention militaire du Vietnam, la validité des accords conclus par la Yougoslavie à la suite de l’intervention militaire de l’OTAN, la reconnaissance du Kosovo en 2008, et l’administration de l’Irak après l’intervention militaire de 2003. Si le principe ex injuria jus non oritur est sans doute malmené dans les faits, il ne l’est pas dans le discours officiel des Etats, lesquels n’assument pas une remise en cause d’un principe dont ils reconnaissent par ailleurs (comme montré dans la première partie de la thèse) la validité. On peut se demander si cette tension entre un discours légaliste et une réalité parfois caractérisée par la force des effectivités, est susceptible d’être comprise au regard de certaines doctrines qui traitent des relations entre le fait et le droit. Ce volet spécifiquement théorique de la recherche consiste à examiner deux approches, par hypothèses opposées. La première pourrait suggérer une consécration du principe par le biais de la théorie normativiste élaborée par Hans Kelsen. Selon cette théorie, le droit (international) se définirait comme un ensemble cohérent de normes, chaque norme juridique tirant sa validité d’une autre norme juridique valide, ce qui semble exclure qu’une norme puisse s’appuyer sur une violation du droit. A l’analyse, le normativisme paraît néanmoins réfractaire à une reconnaissance du principe ex injuria jus non oritur, la validité du droit ne pouvant être détachée de toute considération fondée sur l’effectivité, et celle-ci pouvant même le cas échéant aboutir à la consécration d’une situation résultant d’une violation du droit. A l’opposé, on pourrait s’attendre à ce que l’approche critique, définie par référence aux travaux de l’ « école de Reims » qui se sont développés autour de Charles Chaumont, rejette ex injuria jus non oritur comme une maxime formaliste et fictive, la force du fait, et plus spécifiquement du rapport de forces, prévalant dans la réalité sociale comme facteur générateur de la création et de l’interprétation de la règle de droit. Ici encore, on détecte une certaine ambiguïté chez les auteurs analysés, lesquels ont recours en certaines occasions au droit comme à un instrument de lutte qui s’opposerait à la force et à la puissance. Finalement, la confrontation des approches normativiste et critique laisse apparaître un fil conducteur :le principe ex injuria jus non oritur n’est que le révélateur des difficultés, non seulement en pratique (comme l’a montré le volet empirique) mais aussi en théorie, de concilier les exigences idéalistes du respect du droit avec les impératifs réalistes de prendre en compte la force du fait.
En conclusion, le principe ex injuria jus non oritur se caractérise surtout par cette tension entre le droit et le fait, qui permet également d’expliquer les ambiguïtés observées dans la première partie, le principe n’étant admis en droit positif que moyennant une définition restrictive ouvrant à une certaine souplesse. Cette tension renvoie d’ailleurs à la question de l’existence même du droit international, lequel peut être présenté comme une forme sophistiquée de discours, et non comme un corps de règles régissant effectivement la réalité sociale. Dans cette perspective, il est intéressant de constater que, au-delà des stratégies discursives des Etats qui tentent de justifier certains faits accomplis sans remettre en cause le principe de légalité, il est certains précédents (comme celui du Bangladesh) où ces Etats restent tout simplement silencieux par rapport à cette question. Ainsi, l’analyse du principe ex injuria jus non oritur à l’épreuve de la pratique internationale tendrait peut-être, non pas à reconnaître la portée du principe en toute hypothèse, mais à montrer qu’au-delà d’un certain seuil de tension, le droit disparaît dans la mesure où le discours qui s’y rapporte disparaît. En définitive, la tension entre la légalité (l’existence formelle d’un ordre juridique international) et l’effectivité (laquelle ne témoigne pas toujours de l’existence de cet ordre juridique) est aussi celle qui habite le spécialiste de droit de droit international, parfois confronté aux limites de son activité et de sa discipline.
Doctorat en droit
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
TOUBOUL, FREDERIC. "Le principe de securite juridique - essai de legislation." Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA111003.
Full textKauffmann, Paul-Etienne. "L'évaluation de la qualité de la loi par le Parlement." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUED008.
Full textHautier, Suply Marie. "Essai sur les rapports entre l'acte administratif unilatéral et la durée." Brest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BRES5001.
Full textStudying the links between duration and unilateral administrative act is a source of reflex ion. Actually, unilateral administrative act is usually considered as an expression of a unique will which is intrinsically determined to be applied and executed juridically by its originator’s will alone. In light of this definition, apprehending the unilateral administrative act in a linear approach comes to consider it with divided aspects that hinders a global understanding. That’s why it s necessary to adopt a new paradigm founded on creative duration that implies a new representation of the unilateral administrative act hinged on change and mobility. This new dynamic vision of the act which then does not only include a succession of acts linearly linked will be on the long term in line in a creative motion. Thereby, this process enables to organize complicated situations generated by the multiplicity of temporalities in which duration turn the act which becomes mobile into an effective and durable act. As a consequence, the act is constantly evolving and remains in reality
Santulli, Carlo. "Le statut international de l'ordre juridique étatique : étude du traitement du droit interne par le droit international." Paris 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA020017.
Full textThe relationships between international law and municipal law are traditionally approached only from the standpoint of the application of international law in the domestic system. This research deals with the opposite problem : how does international law treat municipal law ? in order to find an answer to this question, it was necessary to go through more than 500 international law cases. The study of this precedents shows that international tribunals are often concerned with municipal law questions which need to be solved to adjudicate the international dispute. In a wide range of different fields such as the law of state responsability, the law of reservations, or the law of nationality, international rules may bind legal consequences to the existence of a municipal law product which becomes thereby indispensable to their own application. The numerous practical problems proceeding from the taking into account of municipal law in the international legal order are solved in conformity with a coherent set of rules which apply to every municipal legal order because it is such : they constitute its international status. At the theoretical level, only a dualistic representation can explain the international practice related to the status of the municipal legal order in international law. The international rules may intend to operate the reception of muninicipal law rules, or, on the opposite, they may prescribe or prohibit the creation of municipal rules, but the application of this international rules follows a permanent scheme : the existence of every element of municipal law is established by reference to the domestic legal means for the production of municipal law, and its international effect proceeds from the legal means for the production of international law alone
Figuigui, Samira. "Le droit à la santé, un droit ineffectif dans la pratique pénitentiaire en France et au Canada." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALD005.
Full textAlthough the prisoner is deprived of his freedom to come and go, his right to health is recognized, guaranteed and protected by virtue of the right to health of article 12 (1) of International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. However, its implementation is hampered by prison practice rendering it ineffective. Prison practice includes, among other things, order, security, inherent conditions of detention, but also structural difficulties (for example: dilapidated premises, promiscuity). Because of this practice, there is an inadequacy of services and health care in detention. This thesis demonstrates the ineffectiveness of the right to health of the person incarcerated in France and Canada. We demonstrate that this ineffectiveness is present because of the conflict between the concept of health and prison practice. Indeed, this conflict creates a gap between the right to health and its degree of achievement that does not allow the prisoner to enjoy the highest attainable standard of health. In addition, the ineffectiveness of the prisoner's right to health arises from the incompatibility of the concept of health with the prison environment. This thesis proposes a new approach to the effectiveness of the prisoner's right to health. This approach takes into account prison realities and juggles between the various obstacles to the right to health in prisons
Serrurier, Enguerrand. "La résurgence du droit au développement : recherche sur l'humanisation du droit international." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAD006/document.
Full textThe right to development is a singularity in contemporary international law.It has been presented frequently as a inalienable and fundamental right : it aims to guarantee the personal fulfillment and the improvement of human condition. This multi-skilled and multi-purpose right gives to its subjects (human beings) a legal entitlement, enabling them to become the beginning, the center and the beneficiaries of all development activities. But its complex nature, its large purpose of social justice and political militancy make it juridicity difficult. The right to development is often summarized as an old idea in limbo.However, after a discrete periode, the right to development reappears by unexpected ways, free of its old ideologies, in connexion with the metamorphosis of the new concepts of development. Its resurgence is making itself stronger : it is an illustration of the variety of the law making process in international law. Some standards are elaborating, legal precedents and jurisprudences are coming, and certain practices of this right are emerging. This phenomenon requires a new analysis based on the effectivity of the right.Beyond its use as right per se, the consolidation of the right to development reveals current transformations in international law. A symbiosis exists between the effective progress of the right to development and the process of humanization of the international law. This connexion enable a reconciliation between human rights, peoples' rights and States' rights, in the perspective of a pragmactic legal humanism
Demdah, Kartoue Mady. "Théorèmes de h-cobordisme et s-cobordisme semi-algébriques." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00481951.
Full textMulumba, Mbombo. "Droit étatique et logiques endogènes : recherche sur l'effectivité du droit des successions au Congo." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010253.
Full textChatré, Baptiste. "La question minoritaire en Europe centrale et orientale : Effectivité du Régime européen de protection des minorités sur la dynamique conflictuelle entre Magyars et Roumains en Transylvanie, 1989-2005." Paris 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA020085.
Full textNaudet, Florian. "Incidence de la procédure expérimentale sur l'évaluation de l'efficacité des pharmacothérapies antidépressives." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1B007.
Full textAntidepressant drugs have become the most prescribed and used pharmacological treatment for depressive disorders. Yet, their usefulness is still being debated in view of a significant number of “negative” studies and of their lack of efficacy in mild depressive disorders. This controversy presupposes that the efficacy of antidepressants can easily be measured. However, as in any experiment, the experimental method may influence the outcome. The aim of this thesis is precisely to explore the impact of the experimental procedures on the measured effect of antidepressant therapies. Also we ask the question of whether their efficacy measured in randomized trials reflects their “effectiveness” (in a “real life” setting)? To answer these questions, we performed a meta-analysis of a large number of studies with different methodologies. A meta-regression was performed to modelize the response to the treatment according to the studies’ characteristics. It highlighted 1/ a superior response in randomized trials compared to observational studies (possibly more representative of the “real life”); 2/ a variation of the response according to the duration of the study, to the number of follow-up visits, to the type of included patients, to the type of analysis, to the use or not of a placebo and to the use or not of a blind design. A review of the literature provides a qualitative prospect to the question. The objective was to describe the experimental designs used in the assessment of antidepressants and to identify possible innovations. The review of the literature 1/ has permitted to state precisely the limits of the studies in terms of internal validity (measurement of assessment criterions, attrition, unblinding, importance of the placebo response) and external validity (major difficulties with generalization of the studies’ results); 2/ leads to offer a multimodal evaluation of antidepressants in which observational studies would have their own place. Then the issue of measurement is specifically approached, using simulations. After exploring the impact of the experimental procedure at the level of the trial itself, the phenomenon is explored at a more global level. The choice of a reductio ad absurdum on the field of comparative effectiveness was decided. The aim was to compare the placebos of different antidepressants in a network meta-analysis. Indirect comparisons did not show any difference between placebos of antidepressants but a significant publication bias was detected. It does not allow drawing any firm conclusion on a result which is still obvious. This result invites discussion as to whether the evidence that we usually rely on provides us with a reasonable degree of certainty about the nature and effectiveness of our practices. Our results entail a new light on the controversy about the efficacy of antidepressants by replacing the debate on the epistemological ground
Todorova, Liliana. "L'engagement en droit." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020023.
Full textMontet, Laurent. "Le dualisme des ordres juridictionnels." Thesis, Toulon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUL0088.
Full textThis is not to linger on the classic question about if a judicial order is better than two orders. There is a willingness to go beyond what there is to characterize as a quarrel. Indeed, the substantive matter referred by this subject is based on the concern for effectiveness of law and the structural character (see MOTULSKY in "principle of a methodological realization of private law") of the authority judicial. Therefore, it is to understand in depth the effects expected by the principle of seperation of authorities and then to a reflection on changes that they undergo
Montet, Laurent. "Le dualisme des ordres juridictionnels." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUL0088.
Full textThis is not to linger on the classic question about if a judicial order is better than two orders. There is a willingness to go beyond what there is to characterize as a quarrel. Indeed, the substantive matter referred by this subject is based on the concern for effectiveness of law and the structural character (see MOTULSKY in "principle of a methodological realization of private law") of the authority judicial. Therefore, it is to understand in depth the effects expected by the principle of seperation of authorities and then to a reflection on changes that they undergo
Benredouane, Johanna. "La renonciation en droit de l'aide sociale : recherche sur l'effectivité des droits sociaux." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCB004/document.
Full textIn welfare law, the term « waiver » is seldom used by doctrine, no doubt because over the years it has been thought that the beneficiaries could not waiver either tacitly or expressly their rights to welfare. Nevertheless, recently the term has resurfaced in doctrinal research on non-recourse to welfare rights. Although these notions undoubtedly refer to situations whereby beneficiaries renounce their rights, such use of the term “waiver” is definitely not sufficient to prove the existence of waiver in welfare law. Indeed, despite numerous doctrinal controversies pertaining to the definition of the notion of waiver, prevailing doctrine has always circumscribed this definition within a very narrow conceptual framework. Accordingly, the study of welfare law becomes significant, all the more so as it leads to considering from a new perspective not only the very notion of waiver, but also the issue of the effectiveness of welfare rights. The aim of this thesis thus consists in questioning the existence and characteristics of waiver in welfare law and inherently, the nature and specificity of these rights together with the place of the beneficiary within welfare law
Masou, Roula. "Analyse de la performance publique dans le cadre de la réforme budgétaire de l'État : le cas de l'expérience française : la LOLF." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00788029.
Full textLelong, Emma. "L'effectivité de la protection de la mer Méditerranée par le statut juridique de l'écosystème marin." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BRES0049.
Full textThe Mediterranean Sea, as one of the most polluted seas in the world, is governed by legal protection measures established by international law, European Union law, States’ national legislation, or regional seas protection system. However, the effectiveness of those measures is to be discussed: unsatisfying compliance, unsatisfying enforcement, inadequate jurisdictional and extra-jurisdictional mechanisms, lack of funding, of social acceptability, or inadaptation to Mediterranean biodiversity endemism are failure factors. Facing this issue, this research aims to question the contributions and limitations to effectiveness of a protection approach by the legal status of Mediterranean marine ecosystems. It therefore deepens the legal categories of subject of law, legal personality, thing, object, and heritage as a possible way of enhancing the level of protection and in the light of the commons’ theory. To do so, the research explores the feasibility of a common governance of the Mediterranean Sea based on a relationship that would link the sea to the actors surrounding it using a comparative approach with the other existing initiatives of legal status granted to nature worldwide. It questions then the advantages and inconveniences of this approach with the identified legal status typologies regarding the existing level of protection
Ay, Ebru. "La validité de la convention d'arbitrage en droits turc et comparé de l'arbitrage international." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010307.
Full textSow, Abdoul Aziz. "L'effectivité du droit de l'environnement au Sénégal." Cergy-Pontoise, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CERG0410.
Full textIn poor countries like Senegal two essential problems are posed as regard environmental protection: it opportunity and it effectivity. However, the effectivity being an ideal ever reached, we wanted as of start to clear the environmental law while insisting on the scientificity of the environment which still explains this weak effectivity. In addition, the existence of a legal provision calls, beyond its formal validity, a certain effectivity in order to ensure its effectiveness which is the source of its perenniality in the social arena. This effectivity, valid for any standard, occupies a major importance in the environmental regulation. Because environmental law is a finalist regulation. If not, with what would be used a flowering of legal texts if their effectivity is not assured? Within the framework of these problems of the effectivity of the environmental rules in Senegal, we started from a normative and sociological approach of the effectivity of the rule. This double approach conceives the effectivity of the regulation as being dependent on two cumulative conditions which are the application of the standard and the production of the effects expected by its writers. The demonstration led to the report of infectivity through the inapplication of the environmental rules and to the production of perverse effects on the legal and socio-economic sides. This dark screen was for us the situation to be reversed and the tendency to reverse. For then, the requirement to lay down the conditions of a desired effectivity and in extreme cases dreamed, which passes undoubtedly by a renewal of a new African environmental law. This new law will have to change paradigms into integrating the endogenous rules which continue to prove their effectiveness out of environmental matter. But beyond this argumentation, this problem was the occasion to pose the stakes of a rupture in the manner of producing the standards in a context of legal pluralism and imitation
Llorens, Yolanda. "La connaissance de la règle de droit." Toulouse 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU10002.
Full textRebourg, Émilie. "Les normes constitutionnelles programmatiques en France et en Italie : contribution à l'identification d'un concept." Thesis, Toulon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUL0071/document.
Full textStill subject to a certain level of vagueness in France, the concept of programmatic constilutional norms (PCN) required acomparative analysis based on the Italian experience in order to identify its trontiers and subsequently study ils place in law. Il appears that the PCN reters ta a multiplicity of normative categories ot axiological and teleological character, serving as political strategy while structuring the legal system. Moreover, the introduction of programmalic form in modern constitutions combines the vagueness of the norm in its modern formulation to the law in ils classical variant. Programs have struggled to find their place in law. The peN seem to be a priori denied of legal effect, their rather vague wordings would only established simple goals. However, their development in the legal space seem important enough 10 avoid PCN to be considered as legal oddities that couk' attend ta the purity of law. Indeed, Ihe concept of PCN connects to real programmatic constitutional norms whose normativity remains peculiar, sign not of a "crisis" of the law, but of its "evolution"
Rebourg, Émilie. "Les normes constitutionnelles programmatiques en France et en Italie : contribution à l'identification d'un concept." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUL0071.
Full textStill subject to a certain level of vagueness in France, the concept of programmatic constilutional norms (PCN) required acomparative analysis based on the Italian experience in order to identify its trontiers and subsequently study ils place in law. Il appears that the PCN reters ta a multiplicity of normative categories ot axiological and teleological character, serving as political strategy while structuring the legal system. Moreover, the introduction of programmalic form in modern constitutions combines the vagueness of the norm in its modern formulation to the law in ils classical variant. Programs have struggled to find their place in law. The peN seem to be a priori denied of legal effect, their rather vague wordings would only established simple goals. However, their development in the legal space seem important enough 10 avoid PCN to be considered as legal oddities that couk' attend ta the purity of law. Indeed, Ihe concept of PCN connects to real programmatic constitutional norms whose normativity remains peculiar, sign not of a "crisis" of the law, but of its "evolution"
Long, Sarapech. "L'application du droit international en droit interne cambodgien." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR0035.
Full textThe research tries to escape from the long-standing theoretical enigma of the problematic relationship between the international legal order and the state legal order, to confront the legal reality, the critical effectiveness and the devoir-être of state vis-à-vis the international prescription which is in itself doubtful. In the international order, the status quo of legal rules remains ambiguous and decentralized, through its sources, substances and levels of evolutionary legality, from jus cogen to soft-law. The application of these rules in the state legal order, meanwhile with state rules, remains an objective challenge for the state. The case of Cambodia, a developing state, confronts the gap between national practices via its organs, legal nationalism and its internationalized Constitution, the objective of the State for its legitimacy to integrate into the international community; the context is illustrated by the position shared with other new subjects of international law of the 20th century that wanted a new dynamic of international rules to meet their needs. The codification of international law is the promising trend to crystallize and develop the law. International jurisprudence sanctions state’s rules in equivoque maner, while defending its legal primacy through mechanisms of the law of responsibility and the law of treaties. This would reflect our perspective of strengthening the application
Noël, Christine. "Les activités de travail et le droit : transgression, assimilation, renormalisation, de la philosophie juridique à l'approche ergologique du droit du travail." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10041.
Full textLeroy, Yann. "L'effectivité du droit au travers d'un questionnement en droit du travail." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN20011.
Full textThe debate on the ineffectiveness of labour law rules is not a recent one. However it has regained much strengh in the last years. The writer aims at explaining and laying a critical approach on this issue in order to reveal the different law conceptions and therefore the kind of effectiveness related to it. A further and deeper thought on the very ‘effectiveness’ notion itself needs to be carried out facing the narrowing views often applied to it. Following a progressive scheme which notably runs through the law theory path, this thesis sets the notion of effectiveness at the core of the problematics of law effects. Carefully distinguishing it from the notion of efficiency, it defines effectiveness as the creation of effects, through the law set of rules, that are matched with the results aimed at. In the end the writer goes back to questioning the assessment of rule effectiveness, especially focused on labour law, regarding it through his renewed definition of this notion. On the one hand, he insists on the process to be followed for such an assessment - with no denial for the upcoming difficulties it raises; on the other hand, on how relevant this new approach to law effectiveness can be as help for any professional lawyer or research worker interested on law