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Journal articles on the topic 'Effet inoculum'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Zervos, S., S. C. Johnson, and J. M. Webster. "Effect of temperature and inoculum size on reproduction and development of Heterorhabditis heliothidis and Steinernema glaseri (Nematoda: Rhabditoidea) in Galleria mellonella." Canadian Journal of Zoology 69, no. 5 (1991): 1261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z91-177.

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Larvae of Galleria mellonella were kept at temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C, and exposed to six levels of inocula (5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 500 infective juveniles/larva) of Heterorhabditis heliothidis and Steinernema glaseri. Temperature and inoculum level significantly affected time to first emergence, duration of emergence, and yield of juveniles. All parameters except emergence of H. heliothidis showed significant interactions between temperature and inoculum level. No juveniles emerged at 5 or 10 °C and development time was most rapid at 25 °C. No juvenile H. heliothidis emerge

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Vaganova, Anastasia N., S. V. Borisenko, E. V. Nesterova, et al. "Cefazolin inoculum effect among methicillinsusceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with skin infections." Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 23, no. 2 (2021): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36488/cmac.2021.2.205-211.

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Objective. To evaluate frequency and intensity of cefazolin inoculum effect among methicillin-susceptible staphylococci isolated from patients with skin infections. Materials and Methods. A total of 80 methicillin susceptible isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were identified by cefoxitin disk-diffusion test and negative results of real-time PCR for mecA gene. Inoculum effect was measured by broth microdilution test with two inocula with concentrations of 5 × 105 CFU/mL and 5 × 107 CFU/mL. The disk-diffusion test with cefoxitin was also performed. Penicillin susceptibility was determined by dis

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Adnan, Muhammad, Zahir Shah, Muhammad Arif, et al. "Impact of rhizobial inoculum and inorganic fertilizers on nutrients (NPK) availability and uptake in wheat crop." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 96, no. 2 (2016): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2016-0012.

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Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of rhizobial inoculums and inorganic fertilizers on NP availability, soil microbial activity, wheat NPK concentration and uptake. These experiments were consisted of two factors, four inoculums (no, lentil, peas, and chickpeas) and two NPK doses (120:90:60 and 96:72:48 kg ha−1). Inoculums significantly increased plant total NPK concentration by 39, 57, and 37%, and their uptake by 66, 86, and 56%, respectively. Peas inoculum was most efficient in wheat NPK concentration and uptake. The interactive effect of inoculums and NPK demonstrated that p

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Bhagunde, Pratik, Kai-Tai Chang, Renu Singh, et al. "Mathematical Modeling To Characterize the Inoculum Effect." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 11 (2010): 4739–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01831-09.

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ABSTRACT Killing by beta-lactams is well known to be reduced against a dense bacterial population, commonly known as the inoculum effect. However, the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon is not well understood. We proposed a semimechanistic mathematical model to account for the reduced in vitro killing observed. Time-kill studies were performed with 4 baseline inocula (ranging from approximately 1 × 105 to 1 × 108 CFU/ml) of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (MIC, 2 mg/liter). Constant but escalating piperacillin concentrations used ranged from 0.25× to 256× MIC. Serial samples were taken over 2

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Geron, Luiz Juliano Valério, Luiz Eduardo Cantão Veloso, Sílvia Cristina de Aguiar, et al. "In vitro fermentation of the rations containing Morinda citrifolia L. (Noni) using two types of inoculum." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 40, no. 2 (2019): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n2p831.

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The effect of inclusion of Morinda citrifolia L. (Noni) in standardized diets of sheep on in vitro digestibility and parameters fermentation was examined using two different inoculums (ruminal liquid and sheep feces). To determine the nutrients’ in vitro digestibility coefficient (IVDC), two sheep were used as inoculum donors. The experimental design was factorial (4 × 2), with four diets containing different proportions of Noni and two types of inoculum. The different dietary proportions of Noni (0%, 8%, 16%, and 24%) did not affect the IVDC of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and crude p

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Lenhard, Justin R., та Zackery P. Bulman. "Inoculum effect of β-lactam antibiotics". Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 74, № 10 (2019): 2825–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkz226.

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AbstractThe phenomenon of attenuated antibacterial activity at inocula above those utilized for susceptibility testing is referred to as the inoculum effect. Although the inoculum effect has been reported for several decades, it is currently debatable whether the inoculum effect is clinically significant. The aim of the present review was to consolidate currently available evidence to summarize which β-lactam drug classes demonstrate an inoculum effect against specific bacterial pathogens. Review of the literature showed that the majority of studies that evaluated the inoculum effect of β-lact

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Amekan, Yumechris, Dyah Sekar A. P. Wangi, Muhammad Nur Cahyanto, Sarto Sarto, and Jaka Widada. "Effect of Different Inoculum Combination on Biohydrogen Production from Melon Fruit Waste." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 7, no. 2 (2018): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.2.101-109.

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The natural microbial consortium from many sources widely used for hydrogen production. Type of substrate and operating conditions applied on the biodigesters of the natural consortium used as inoculum impact the variation of species and number of microbes that induce biogas formation, so this study examined the effect of different inoculum source and its combination of biohydrogen production performance. The hydrogen producing bacteria from fruit waste digester (FW), cow dung digester (CD), and tofu waste digester (TW) enriched under strictly anaerobic conditions at 37OC. Inoculums from 3 dif

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Makhura, Emmanuel Pax, Edison Muzenda, and Tumeletso Lekgoba. "Effect of Substrate to Inoculum Ratio on Biogas Yield." Journal of Clean Energy Technologies 8, no. 2 (2020): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/jocet.2020.8.2.519.

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9

Brook, I. "Inoculum Effect." Clinical Infectious Diseases 11, no. 3 (1989): 361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinids/11.3.361.

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10

Inderjit and K. M. M. Dakshini. "Allelopathic effect of cyanobacterial inoculum on soil characteristics and cereal growth." Canadian Journal of Botany 75, no. 8 (1997): 1267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b97-841.

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Allelopathic effects of cyanobacterial inoculum on soil characteristics and cereal growth were investigated. Research established the alteration of chemical characteristics of the soils inoculated with different concentrations of cyanobacterial inoculum. Inoculated soils, compared with uninoculated soils, sometimes had significantly different values for chemical characteristics such as pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, organic N, total phenolics, and exchangeable cations such as Cu, Zn, Na, K, Mg, and Ca as the level of inoculum increased. Despite a significant increase in organic n

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Irawan, Bambang, Rina Sri Kasiamdari, Bambang Hendo Sunarminto, Endang Sutariningsih Soetarto, and Sutopo Hadi. "Effect of fungal inoculum application on changes in organic matter of leaf litter composting." Polish Journal of Soil Science 52, no. 1 (2019): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/pjss.2019.52.1.143.

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<p>The decomposition of organic matter on leaf litter substrat runs very slowly in nature resulting in the accumulation of litter in the ecosystem and has even become an organic waste that creates many problems. The research was dealt with the use of lignocellulolytic fungi inoculum consisting of 3 isolates: <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em> (cellulolytic), <em>A. tubingensis</em> (xylanolytic) and <em>Geotrichium</em> sp (ligninolytic) as starter of leaf litter composting. The purpose of the study is to understand the pattern of humic-fulvat acid and C/N

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Waswa, Clinton, Peter Kabok, and Daudi Nyaanga. "Co-digestion of Pretreated Chicken – Goat and Untreated Cow Manure at Different Substrate to Inoculums Ratios and Total Solids for Biogas Production." Applied Research Journal of Environmental Engineering 3, no. 3 (2020): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47721/arjee202003024.

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Biogas production can be greatly affected by inoculum addition and total solids. The effect of the substrate to inoculum ratios and total solids of chicken, goat and cow manure on biogas production was studied using a 0.15m3 laboratory-scale batch digester at a constant temperature of 35°C. Feedstocks were mechanically minced to 3 mm effective particle sizes prior to co-digesting with untreated cow manure from a free-range dairy rearing system. Different amounts of cow substrate inoculum were used at ratios of 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1 and 6:1, while total solid levels between (7.5% and 10.5%) at int

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Bortolini, Joseane, Ana Claudia Guedes Silva, Maria Hermínia Ferreira Tavares, Dayane Taine Freitag, Leandro Fleck, and Osvaldo Kuczman. "Effect of different inoculations on biogas and methane production through anaerobia biodigeston using residues from the avícola sector." Ciência e Natura 42 (June 29, 2020): e73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x40560.

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The present study aimed to analyze the use of different digestates as inocula for the anaerobic digestion of poultry litter, evaluating the biogas and methane production. The inocula used were: bovine and porcine biofertilizer; with feeding loads of 0.67, 1.00 and 1.67 gVS L-1 day-1. Statistical analyses followed a split-plot design, where the main plot being inoculum and the feeding load as secondary. The experimental data were submitted to analysis of variance, at the level of 5% of significance. The following variable responses were considered: biogas production, specific biogas production

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Bortolini, Joseane, Maria Hermínia Ferreira Tavares, Ana Claudia Guedes Silva, Dayane Taine Freitag, Leandro Fleck, and Osvaldo Kuczman. "Effect of different inoculations on biogas and methane production through anaerobia biodigeston using residues from the avícola sector." Ciência e Natura 42 (March 4, 2021): e52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x40563.

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The present study aimed to analyze the use of different digestates as inocula for the anaerobic digestion of poultry litter, evaluating the biogas and methane production. The inocula used were: bovine and porcine biofertilizer; with feeding loads of 0.67, 1.00 and 1.67 gVS L-1 day-1. Statistical analyses followed a split-plot design, where the main plot being inoculum and the feeding load as secondary. The experimental data were submitted to analysis of variance, at the level of 5% of significance. The following variable responses were considered: biogas production, specific biogas production

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Darwin, Ulfa Triovanta, Ridho Rinaldi, and Atmadian Pratama. "Anaerobic Acidification of Coconut Water Waste by Lactobacillus acidophilus Culture for Biotechnological Production of Lactic Acid." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 67, no. 6 (2019): 1433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201967061433.

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The biotechnological production of lactic acid could be carried out via anaerobic acidification process. In order to achieve an optimal production of lactic acid, the role of inoculum would be essential. The current study aimed to investigate as well as evaluate the effect of inoculum concentration on the anaerobic acidification of coconut water waste for the production of lactic acid. Results showed that the addition of 20% inoculums to the reactor fermenting coconut water waste was sufficient for the optimal production of lactic acid. In the batch process anaerobic acidification of coconut w

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Tacon, F. Le, G. Jung, J. Mugnier, P. Michelot, and C. Mauperin. "Efficiency in a forest nursery of an ectomycorrhizal fungus inoculum produced in a fermentor and entrapped in polymeric gels." Canadian Journal of Botany 63, no. 9 (1985): 1664–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b85-229.

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In a nursery in the centre of France, we have compared the effect of different forms of an ectomycorrhizal fungus inoculum (Hebeloma cylindrosporum) on growth and mycorrhizal development of Douglas-fir and Norway spruce after soil fumigation. Compared with inoculum produced on peat and vermiculite, the inoculum produced in a fermentor and entrapped in polymeric gels significantly improved Douglas-fir and Norway spruce seedling growth. The Hebeloma mycorrhizal index was not significantly different between the different forms of inocula. The superiority of the inoculum produced in the fermentor

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Schrader, James A., and William R. Graves. "Nodulation and Growth of Alnus nitida and Alnus maritima Inoculated with Species-specific and Nonspecific Frankia." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 26, no. 1 (2008): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-26.1.29.

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Abstract Actinorhizal plants form N2-fixing symbioses with soil-borne bacteria of the genus Frankia. Potential exists for development of sustainable, actinorhizal nursery crops that obtain most of their required N through N2 fixation, but information on host-symbiont specificity, presence of compatible Frankia in soils, and techniques to inoculate during plant production is lacking. Our objectives were to determine the effect of inoculum type and source and the effect of supplemental N on nodulation, growth, and N content of two actinorhizal species, Alnus nitida (Spach) Endl. and Alnus mariti

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Firsov, A. A., M. Ruble, D. Gilbert, et al. "Net effect of inoculum size on antimicrobial action of ampicillin-sulbactam: studies using an in vitro dynamic model." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41, no. 1 (1997): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.41.1.7.

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To examine the predictable effect of inoculum size on the kinetics of the antimicrobial action of ampicillin-sulbactam, five TEM-1 beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli strains were studied in an in vitro dynamic model at two different initial inocula (N0S). All bacteria were exposed to ampicillin-sulbactam in a simulated system reflecting the pharmacokinetic profiles in human tissue after the administration of a single intravenous dose of ampicillin (2 g) plus sulbactam (1 g). Each strain was studied at low (4.0 to 5.2 log CFU/ml) and high (5.0 to 7.1 log CFU/ml) N0S. Despite pronounced d

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JACOBSEN, TOMAS, and ANETTE GRANLY KOCH. "Influence of Different Histories of the Inoculum on Lag Phase and Growth of Listeria monocytogenes in Meat Models." Journal of Food Protection 69, no. 3 (2006): 532–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-69.3.532.

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of history of inoculum and preservatives on the lag phase and growth rate of Listeria monocytogenes strains in meat products packaged under modified atmosphere conditions. Inocula with different histories were added to meat models, and growth rate and lag phase of two strains of L. monocytogenes were measured at 5 and 10°C. The meat model stored at 10°C contained sodium lactate, but the model stored at 5°C did not. The five different histories of the inocula included cold propagation, biofilm formation, and starvation. The lag phase ranged from

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Odenholt, Inga, Elisabeth Löwdin, and Otto Cars. "Pharmacodynamics of Telithromycin In Vitro against Respiratory Tract Pathogens." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 45, no. 1 (2001): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.45.1.23-29.2001.

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ABSTRACT Telithromycin (HMR 3647) is a new ketolide that belongs to a new class of semisynthetic 14-membered-ring macrolides which have expanded activity against multidrug-resistant gram-positive bacteria. The aim of the present study was to investigate different basic pharmacodynamic properties of this new compound. The following studies of telithromycin were performed: (i) studies of the rate and extent of killing of respiratory tract pathogens with different susceptibilities to erythromycin and penicillin exposed to a fixed concentration that corresponds to a dose of 800 mg in humans, (ii)

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SIMPSON, CATHERINE A., IFIGENIA GEORNARAS, YOHAN YOON, JOHN A. SCANGA, PATRICIA A. KENDALL, and JOHN N. SOFOS. "Effect of Inoculum Preparation Procedure and Storage Time and Temperature on the Fate of Listeria monocytogenes on Inoculated Salami." Journal of Food Protection 71, no. 3 (2008): 494–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-71.3.494.

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Although dry/semidry fermented sausages are characterized as being of low-to-moderate risk for human listeriosis on a per-serving and per-annum basis, data are lacking relative to the fate of postprocessing Listeria monocytogenes contamination during storage of such products. This study evaluated the effect of inoculum preparation and storage conditions on the fate of L. monocytogenes on vacuum-packaged salami. Commercially produced salami was sliced and inoculated (4 ± 1.3 log CFU/cm2) with one of four types of inocula. All inocula consisted of the same 10-strain L. monocytogenes composite, c

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MARIN, M., M. YBARRA, and A. FÉ. "Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and pesticides on Cynara cardunculus growth." Agricultural and Food Science 11, no. 3 (2002): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.5728.

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Wild cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) is a promising crop for biomass production. A nursery trial was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of mycorrhizal inoculation on the biomass yield of wild cardoon seedlings and the effect of the pesticides fosetyl-Al, folpet and propamocarb, as fungicides, and isofenphos, phoxim and oxamyl, as insecticides, on cardoon plant growth and the mycorrhization. The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi inocula were: commercial inoculum with Glomus mosseae spores, and an inoculum of a Glomus sp. strain (AMF-i) isolated locally. Mycorrhizal inoculation with eith

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Bengough, A. Glyn, Roy Neilson, Bryan Griffiths, and David Trudgill. "The extent to which nematode communities are affected by soil factors-a pot experiment." Nematology 4, no. 8 (2002): 943–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854102321122566.

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AbstractFour similar, agricultural soils with distinct nematode communities were used to determine the extent to which soil and inoculum factors affected nematode community structure. The soils all had a sandy loam texture from the same geographical area and had been in pasture or arable rotation for the last 10 years. Treatments were established in pots containing a middle layer of frozen defaunated soil, sandwiched between an inoculum that was either fresh soil from the same site ('self') or a mixture of soils to give a more diverse inoculum ('mixed'). Principal component analysis indicated

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Schroeter-Zakrzewska, Anita, Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka, and Klaudia Borowiak. "Influence of the light color and microbiological inoculums on the zonal pelargonium quality and microbiological and enzymatic state of the substrate." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 18, no. 4 (2019): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2019.4.16.

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Two inoculums: Effective Microorganisms (EM) specimen available on the market and microbiological BAF1 inoculum, were applied in the experiment. The plants were cultivated in the growth chamber equipped with shelves with fluorescent or LED lamps. The highest number of inflorescences was under the influence of white color of light emitted by fluorescent lamps and blue color of light emitted by LED lamps, especially after application of BAF1 inoculum. Irrespective of microbiological inoculum, no significant effect of the color of light and type of lamps on such traits as height of leaves layer,

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So, Wonhee, Jared L. Crandon, George G. Zhanel, and David P. Nicolau. "Comparison ofIn VivoandIn VitroPharmacodynamics of a Humanized Regimen of 600 Milligrams of Ceftaroline Fosamil Every 12 Hours against Staphylococcus aureus at Initial Inocula of 106and 108CFU per Milliliter." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, no. 11 (2014): 6931–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.03652-14.

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ABSTRACTIn light of thein vivo/in vitrodiscordance among beta-lactams against Gram-negative pathogens, we compared thein vivopharmacodynamics of humanized ceftaroline against 9Staphylococcus aureusstrains (MICs of 0.13 to 1 mg/liter) from publishedin vitrostudies using standard and high inocula in the murine thigh infection model. Consistent with thein vitrofindings, mean reductions of ≥1 log10CFU were observed for ceftaroline against all strains using both standard and high inocula. These results suggestin vivo/in vitroconcordance with no observed inoculum effect.

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Guo, Chunna, Xiaoping Liao, Mingru Wang, et al. "In VivoPharmacodynamics of Cefquinome in a Neutropenic Mouse Thigh Model of Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 at Varied Initial Inoculum Sizes." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 60, no. 2 (2015): 1114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02065-15.

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ABSTRACTStreptococcus suisserotype 2 is an emerging zoonotic pathogen and causes severe disease in both pigs and human beings. Cefquinome (CEQ), a fourth-generation cephalosporin, exhibits broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive bacteria such asS. suis. This study evaluated thein vitroandin vivoantimicrobial activities of CEQ against four strains ofS. suisserotype 2 in a murine neutropenic thigh infection model. We investigated the effect of varied inoculum sizes (106to 108CFU/thigh) on the pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) indices and magnitudes of a particular PK/PD index or do

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Lawal, A. A., A. U. Dzivama, and M. K. Wasinda. "Effect of inoculum to substrate ratio on biogas production of sheep paunch manure." Research in Agricultural Engineering 62, No. 1 (2016): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/30/2014-rae.

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Sheep paunch manure was anaerobically digested to study the effect of inoculum to substrate ratio on biogas production rates and accumulation. Inoculum to substrate ratios of 1.37, 2.05 and 4.1 were digested in biodigesters labelled R1, R2 and <br /> R3 respectively. Results showed that inoculum to substrate ratio had a significant effect on biogas production rates and accumulation. Biogas production rates increased to peak in the order of R3 (0.30526 Nm<sup>3</sup>/kg volatile solids (VS) days), R2 (0.15308 Nm<sup>3</sup>/kg VS d) and R1 (0.11009 Nm<sup>3&l

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Kim, Taeeun, Seung Cheol Lee, Moonsuk Bae, et al. "In Vitro Activities and Inoculum Effects of Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Aztreonam-Avibactam against Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Isolates from South Korea." Antibiotics 9, no. 12 (2020): 912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120912.

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Ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) and aztreonam-avibactam (AZT-AVI) are novel antibiotic combinations active against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate their in vitro activities and inoculum effects in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), including carbapenemase-producing (CP)-CRE and non-CP-CRE. A total of 81 independent clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were collected. CAZ-AVI and AZT-AVI minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were evaluated by broth microdilution using standard and high inocula

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Taleghani, Hamidreza Ghafouri, Ghasem D. Najafpour, and Ali Asghar Ghoreyshi. "A study on the effect of parameters on lactic acid production from whey." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 18, no. 1 (2016): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjct-2016-0010.

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Abstract In batch fermentation of whey, selection of suitable species at desired conditions such as substrate, product concentrations, temperature and inoculum size were investigated. Four Lactobacillus species and one Lactococcus species were screened for lactic acid production. Among them L. bulgaricus ATCC 11842 were selected for further studies. The optimal growth of the selected organism for variable size of inocula was examined. The results indicated that inoculum size had insignificant effect on the cell and lactic acid concentration. The effect of temperature was also studied at 32, 37

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Selmi, H., Z. Abdelwahed, A. Rouissi, M. Hanene, G. Tibaoui, and H. Rouissi. "Effect of inoculum source (Sheep or Goat) on in vitro gas production and rumen fermentation parameters of some fodder shrubs in northern Tunisia." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE 3, no. 3 (2015): 260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v3i3.4292.

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In order to ensure nutritional characterization of some fodder shrubs and test the effect of inoculum source (sheep and goats) on their digestibility. Four shrubs “Acacia cyanophylla, Atriplex halimus, Opuntia ficus-indica. Var.inermis(cactus) and Medicago arborea” were tested in vitro by incubating them firstly into the rumen fluid of sheep then into goat’s inoculums. The evaluation included chemical composition, total gas production (CO2 and CH4), the prediction of organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolizable energy (ME), the concentration of total volatile fatty acids (SCFA) and meteri

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Soriano, Francisco, and Carmen Ponte. "Implications of the Inoculum Effect." Clinical Infectious Diseases 12, no. 2 (1990): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinids/12.2.369.

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Loffredo, Maria Rosa, Filippo Savini, Sara Bobone, et al. "Inoculum effect of antimicrobial peptides." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 21 (2021): e2014364118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014364118.

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The activity of many antibiotics depends on the initial density of cells used in bacterial growth inhibition assays. This phenomenon, termed the inoculum effect, can have important consequences for the therapeutic efficacy of the drugs, because bacterial loads vary by several orders of magnitude in clinically relevant infections. Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of molecules in the fight against drug-resistant bacteria because they act mainly by perturbing the cell membranes rather than by inhibiting intracellular targets. Here, we report a systematic characterization of the inocul

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Smelter, Dan, Sue McCrone, and Warren Rose. "1186. Cefazolin inoculum effect predicts reduced susceptibility to other antibiotics and patient outcomes in MSSA endovascular infections." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (2020): S617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1372.

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Abstract Background MSSA Infective endocarditis (IE) is inherently a high-burden infection with up to a 30% mortality rate. Cefazolin is an appealing treatment option for IE with low toxicity and a favorable dosing scheme. However, cefazolin has been associated with treatment failure in IE, attributed to an inoculum effect. The specific mechanism underlying the cefazolin inoculum effect (CIE) remains undetermined, but CIE has been linked to both blaZ expression and agr dysfunction. This study aims to determine whether CIE is linked to reduced susceptibility to other antibiotics and worse outco

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Norazlina, I., K. H. Ku Halim, Shareena Fairuz Abd Manaf, and Muhammad Afiquddin Abu Bakar. "Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen Ratio, Mineral Solution & Inoculum Size in the Production of Xylanase Using Oil Palm Leaf." Advanced Materials Research 1113 (July 2015): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1113.273.

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The production of xylanase by Aspergillusniger ATCC 16404 via solid state fermentation (SSF) system using oil palm leaves (OPL) as substrate was investigated. Fermentation parameters studied using one factor at a time (OFAT) technique, were carbon-nitrogen (C/N) ratio, mineral solution size and inoculums size. It was found that the optimum C/N ratio was at 0.4 with xylanase activity at 16.046 U/min. Meanwhile, the optimum size for both mineral solution size and inoculum size were at 1 ml with the xylanase activity recorded at 14.500 U/min and 19.057 U/min respectively. This shows that that the

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Thomson, Kenneth S., та Ellen Smith Moland. "Cefepime, Piperacillin-Tazobactam, and the Inoculum Effect in Tests with Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 45, № 12 (2001): 3548–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.45.12.3548-3554.2001.

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ABSTRACT There is little information about the clinical effectiveness of cefepime and piperacillin-tazobactam in the treatment of infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing pathogens. Some inferences have been drawn from laboratory studies, which have usually involved only one or a few strains of ESBL-producingKlebsiella pneumoniae or Escherichia colithat produced only a limited range of ESBLs. Such studies are indirect, sometimes conflicting, indicators of efficacy. To extend previous laboratory findings, a study was designed to investigate organism-drug interactions

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Rose Ulloa, Erlinda, Kavindra V. Singh, Matthew Geriak, et al. "217. Combination Salvage Therapy with Cefazolin Plus Ertapenem for Refractory Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S127—S128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.292.

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Abstract Background Suboptimal therapy against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) may have catastrophic consequences in severe infections such as endocarditis or epidural abscess. High MSSA inocula have been associated with clinical failure in patients receiving cefazolin (CZ), particularly when used at low doses, associated with a CZ inoculum effect. We previously described that adding ertapenem (ETP) to CZ led to synergism against MSSA and sensitized the pathogen to host innate immune factors. Here we expand our experience with CZ plus ETP as salvage therapy for 11 cases of r

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Bakrie, B., Y. Sastro, and N. R. Sudolar. "Effect of different accellerators and inoculums used in fermentation on quality of dead chicken silage flour as feed ingredient for catfish." Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 42, no. 2 (2017): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.42.2.99-108.

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This research aimed at investigating the effect using molasses and cornmeal as additives with Lactobacillus sp. and Streptomyces sp. as inoculums during fermentation on the quality of silage flour made from dead chickens. The study was conducted using a completely randomized factorial design, consisting of 2 factors with 5 replications. The materials used were the newly dead chickens which were chopped and mixed thoroughly with all ingredients; then transferred into a 5 liters plastic box for fermentation. Observations were made after 3 weeks fermentation, including: a) physical characteristic

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Lee, Dong-Gun, Yoichi Murakami, David R. Andes, and William A. Craig. "Inoculum Effects of Ceftobiprole, Daptomycin, Linezolid, and Vancomycin with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae at Inocula of 105and 107CFU Injected into Opposite Thighs of Neutropenic Mice." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 3 (2013): 1434–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00362-12.

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ABSTRACTReduced bactericidal efficacy at a high inoculum is known as the inoculum effect (IE). We used neutropenic mice to compare the IEs of ceftobiprole (CFB), daptomycin (DAP), linezolid (LZD), and vancomycin (VAN) against 6 to 9 strains ofStaphylococcus aureusand 4 strains ofStreptococcus pneumoniaeat 2 inocula in opposite thighs of the same mice. Neutropenic mice had 104.5to 105.7CFU/thigh (low inoculum [LI]) in one thigh and 106.4to 107.2CFU/thigh (high inoculum [HI]) in the opposite thigh when treated for 24 h with subcutaneous (s.c.) doses every 12 h of DAP at 0.024 to 100 mg/kg of bod

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Steels, H., S. A. James, I. N. Roberts, and M. Stratford. "Sorbic acid resistance: the inoculum effect." Yeast 16, no. 13 (2000): 1173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0061(20000930)16:13<1173::aid-yea617>3.0.co;2-8.

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Craig, William A., Sujata M. Bhavnani, and Paul G. Ambrose. "The inoculum effect: Fact or artifact?" Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 50, no. 4 (2004): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2004.07.006.

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Scott-Bullard, Britteny R., Ifigenia Geornaras, Robert J. Delmore, et al. "Efficacy of a Blend of Sulfuric Acid and Sodium Sulfate against Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Nonpathogenic Escherichia coli Biotype I on Inoculated Prerigor Beef Surface Tissue." Journal of Food Protection 80, no. 12 (2017): 1987–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-022.

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ABSTRACT A study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of a sulfuric acid–sodium sulfate blend (SSS) against Escherichia coli O157:H7, non-O157 Shiga toxin–producing E. coli (STEC), Salmonella, and nonpathogenic E. coli biotype I on prerigor beef surface tissue. The suitability of using the nonpathogenic E. coli as a surrogate for in-plant validation studies was also determined by comparing the data obtained for the nonpathogenic inoculum with those for the pathogenic inocula. Prerigor beef tissue samples (10 by 10 cm) were inoculated (ca. 6 log CFU/cm2) on the adipose side in a laboratory

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Dumalasová, V., and P. Bartoš. "Effect of inoculum doses on common bunt infection on wheat caused by Tilletia tritici and T. laevis." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 44, No. 2 (2008): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2/2008-cjgpb.

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: In the trial with different doses of common bunt teliospores used for inoculation of wheat the number of bunted ears increased with the increasing dose of inoculum. This increase was small (statistically insignificant) in the resistant cv. Bill and high (statistically significant) in the susceptible cv. Samanta. The effect of inoculation on the vigour of inoculated plants was estimated according to the number of tillers per plot in summer in cultivars inoculated with different inoculum doses sown at the same sowing rate in autumn. The number of tillers was decreasing with the increasing inoc

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Harikrishnan, R., and L. E. del Río. "Influence of Temperature, Relative Humidity, Ascospore Concentration, and Length of Drying of Colonized Dry Bean Flowers on White Mold Development." Plant Disease 90, no. 7 (2006): 946–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0946.

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Growth chamber studies were conducted using rehydrated dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) flowers (RDBF) to assess the influence of temperature (18 and 22°C), relative humidity (RH; 25 and 90%), and ascospore concentrations (102, 103, and 104 ascospores/ml) on white mold incidence in dry bean. Additional studies were carried out to determine the influence of inoculum type (ascospore and mycelium) and to estimate the effect of duration of drying of colonized RDBF on viability of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and white mold incidence. There was a linear increase in white mold incidence with increase in as

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Kamili, Saleem, Kris Krawczynski, Karen McCaustland, Xiaofang Li, and Miriam J. Alter. "Infectivity of Hepatitis C Virus in Plasma After Drying and Storing at Room Temperature." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 28, no. 05 (2007): 519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/513727.

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Objective.To determine effect of environmental exposure on the survival and infectivity of hepatitis C virus (HCV).Methods.Three aliquots of chimpanzee plasma containing HCV and proven infectious HCV inoculum were dried and stored at room temperature, 1 aliquot for 16 hours, 1 for 4 days, and 1 for 7 days. A chimpanzee (CH247) was sequentially inoculated intravenously with each of these experimental inocula, beginning with the material stored for 7 days. Each inoculation was separated by at least 18 weeks of follow-up to monitor for infection. The concentration of HCV RNA was measured and quas

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del RÍO, ELENA, CARLOS ALONSO-CALLEJA, and ROSA CAPITA. "Effectiveness of Trisodium Phosphate Treatment against Pathogenic and Spoilage Bacteria on Poultry during Refrigerated Storage." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 4 (2005): 866–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.4.866.

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To determine the efficacy of trisodium phosphate (TSP) against pathogenic and spoilage bacteria on poultry and to assess the influence of the bacterial combination of inoculum on TSP effect, chicken legs were coinoculated with similar concentrations of a pathogenic (Salmonella enterica ser. Enteritidis or Listeria monocytogenes) and a spoilage (Pseudomonas fluorescens or Brochothrix thermosphacta) bacteria. Samples were dipped in TSP (12%, 15 min) or were not treated (control). Microbiological analysis and pH determinations were carried out at 0, 1, 3, and 5 days of storage (3°C). Significant

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Restiawaty, Elvi, Kindi Pyta Gani, Arinta Dewi, et al. "Bioethanol Production from Sugarcane Bagasse Using Neurospora intermedia in an Airlift Bioreactor." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 9, no. 2 (2020): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.2.247-253.

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Bagasse as solid waste in sugarcane industry can be utilized as one of the potential raw materials in the bioprocess industry. This research aims to investigate the conversion of bagasse to bioethanol using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation in an airlift bioreactor. Neurospora intermedia was used as a biological agent that carried out the saccharification and fermentation of sugarcane bagasse simultaneously for bioethanol production. Cell morphology of N. intermedia in the form of pellet was required to provide free movement in the axial flow of airlift bioreactor. The medium pH s

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Hülsemann, Benedikt, Lijun Zhou, Wolfgang Merkle, Juli Hassa, Joachim Müller, and Hans Oechsner. "Biomethane Potential Test: Influence of Inoculum and the Digestion System." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (2020): 2589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072589.

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High precision of measurement of methane potential is important for the economic operation of biogas plants in the future. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) test based on the VDI 4630 protocol is the state-of-the-art method to determine the methane potential in Germany. The coefficient of variation (CV) of methane yield was >10% in several previous inter-laboratory tests. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of inoculum and the digestion system on the measurement variability. Methane yield and methane percentage of five substrates were investigated in a Hohenheim biogas

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MacGowan, Alasdair P., Alan R. Noel, Chris A. Rogers, and Karen E. Bowker. "Antibacterial Effects of Amoxicillin-Clavulanate against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae Strains for Which MICs Are High, in an In Vitro Pharmacokinetic Model." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 48, no. 7 (2004): 2599–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.48.7.2599-2603.2004.

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ABSTRACT The antibacterial effect of amoxicillin-clavulanate in two formulations, pharmacokinetically enhanced 16:1 amoxicillin-clavulanate twice a day (b.i.d.) and standard 7:1 amoxicillin-clavulanate b.i.d., were studied in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model of infection. Five strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae and two of Haemophilus influenzae, all associated with raised MICs (2 to 8 mg/liter), were used. The antibacterial effect was measured over 24 h by the area under the bacterial kill curve (AUBKC) and the log change in viable count at 24 h (Δ24). A high 108 CFU/ml and low 106 CFU/ml in

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Hjeljord, Linda Gordon, and Arne Tronsmo. "Effect of Germination Initiation on Competitive Capacity of Trichoderma atroviride P1 Conidia." Phytopathology® 93, no. 12 (2003): 1593–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2003.93.12.1593.

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Trichoderma biocontrol isolates are most effective as highly concentrated inocula. Their antagonism to other fungi may be a result of pregermination respiration. In a nutrient-rich medium, almost all Trichoderma atroviride P1 (P1) conidia initiated germination processes and increased respiration, even in dense suspensions. When 1 × 107 P1 conidia/ml were coinoculated with 1 × 105 Botrytis cinerea conidia/ml, dissolved oxygen fell to <1% within 2 h and the pathogen failed to germinate. More dilute P1 suspensions consumed oxygen slowly enough to allow coinoculated B. cinerea to germinate. On

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Rossi, MJ, DH Cardoso Cortez, AJ Giachini, VL Oliveira, and A. Furigo Jr. "EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PRE-SETTING CONDITIONS IN AIRLIFT BIOREACTOR TO DETERMINE THE RESPIRATORY KINETICS OF FUNGI." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 5, no. 2 (2015): 625–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jbt.v5i2.3828.

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in culture media and, therefore, used to obtain large volumes of fungal tissue to be used as inoculum. The implementation of controlled mycorrhization programs is dependent upon the production of commercially large volumes of inoculum. As of now, there is no such place around the globe where we can find people or companies that are able to achieve such goal. Information on the fungal growing kinetics is scant, and there are no studies that deal with the topic of oxygen transfer for the cultivation of these fungi (major impediment), making it hard to produce inoculum in large scales. Therefore,

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