Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Effets de contexte (Psychologie) – Entretiens'
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Robitaille, Sophie. "Les perceptions des entraîneurs de basket-ball concernant leur rôle dans le développement des habiletés de vie des adolescents-athlètes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28390/28390.pdf.
Full textLannegrand-Willems, Lyda Roely-Ida. "Identité scolaire et effets de contexte chez l'adolescent." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR21004.
Full textPichot, Nathalie. "La Connaissance normative en matière d'internalité : stratégies d'autoprésentation et effets de contexte." Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20044.
Full textThis piece of research fits in with sociocognitive theory which assumes the existence of social general norm : the norm of internality (Beauvois, 1984), and its knowledge : the normative clear-sightedness (Py et somat, 1991). The norm of internality is defined as a social valuation of explanations of behaviours and outcomes which emphasize the causal role of the actor. The normative clear-sightedness corresponds to the knowlegde of social valuation of internal explanations. This normative learning is activated regardless of personal beliefs in evaluative contexts. First studies on normative clear-sightedness validate this meaning, but some questions remain as to general nature of this concept and its determiners. To solve these problems, an experimental program was elaborated. It takes self-presentation's experimental data into consideration and includes three trends. The first aims at understanding people's perception of evaluative situations and specifying the distinctive nature of the normative clear-sightedness. The second sets out to show that the normative clear-sightedness is expressed in the presence of a judge and is based on products in accordance with the last one's ideas. The third intends to establish the general nature of the normative clear-sightedness. The results of these three orientations of research tend to prove that the normative clear-sightedness is a general knowledge. These experimental data demonstrate equally that an activation of this normative learning is conditionned by situational components as other and leads to make use of suited self-presentation's strategy
Stewart, Isobel. "Effets de contexte dans l'activation des représentations sociales : schéma de genre et professions." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081744.
Full textRainis, Natascha. "Psychologie expérimentale et psychologie légale : de nouveaux effets de contexte afin d'améliorer la mémoire des témoins oculaires." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CLF20004.
Full textSince the beginning of the 20 th century, researches applied to eyewitness testimony allowed to show the fallibility of eyewitnesses memory. Concerning some of the factors that could reduce the quality of the recollection of a criminal event, we have chosen to study two factors which are often linked to the fact of being an eyewitness to such an event. The first factor is the negative emotions felt by the witness. The second factor is the fact to be confronted to people others than the protagonist of the criminal scene; these people can constitute an interference at the moment of the suspect identification. In this vein, our aim was to find a technique which allowed to counterbalance the deleterious influence of these two factors on the eyewitnesses memory. According to us, the technique which appeared the most efficient or the most promising was a particular context reinstatement procedure. In fact, we obtained important mnesic benefits in using, at test, a contextual scene different but semantically associated to the encoding context
Roy, Jacques. "La réussite scolaire dans les cégeps. La contribution des facteurs exogènes à l'éducation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30493/30493.pdf.
Full textGuillaume, Fabrice. "Étude comportementale et électrophysiologique des effets de contexte en reconnaissance des visages : implications théoriques pour les modèles à deux processus (familiarité et récollection)." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10040.
Full textGinet, Magali. "Etude d'une nouvelle technique d'audition destinée à améliorer les souvenirs des témoins : l'entretien cognitif." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CLF20001.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to study the cognitive interview, a new technique designed to improve eyewitness memory at the time of examination, or, in other words, to increase the quantity of correct information recalled by the witness without a corresponding increase in errors or confabulations. The theoretical introduction begins by a critical analysis of procedures used by police officers. The two theoretical foundations of the cognitive interview are then exposed : notions of context and script, followed by a review of litterature on the cognitive interview. An another technique of memory improvement is also studied, the cognitive encoding, wich employs several strategies of the cognitive interview applied at the time of encoding. The introduction is followed by the presentation of six experiences carried out in order to test the effectiveness of cognitive interview and cognitive encoding. The first experience, involving police officers, demonstrates the effectiveness of the cognitive interview in a field perspective. The second one confirms the effectiveness of both the cognitive interview and the cognitive encoding, and the complementarity of the two techniques. The third one demonstrates once again the effectiveness of the two techniques in more controlled methodological conditions and in presence of negative emotion. The fourth one explores the effectiveness of each mnemonic components of the cognitive interview and the cognitive encoding. The fifth one examines specifically the effectiveness of the mental context reinstatement technique as a function of the presence of negative emotion and the semantic relation between the emotion and the critical event. The sixth one examines the effectiveness of each components of the cognitive interview as a function of subjects' expertise level in consideration of the critical event. Theorical and pratical implications of results obtained in this work, wich demonstrate a significant effectiveness of the cognitive interview, are then discussed
Bonin, Delphine. "Variabilité évaluative et effets de contexte : contribution à l'étude des limites de l'influence contextuelle implicite sur les réponses évaluatives et perspectives pour l'optimisation des situations de test de consommation." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CLF20007.
Full textGuegan, Jérôme. "Effets de contexte et modulation des processus sociocognitifs via Internet." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00807819.
Full textLabarre, Michel. "Le processus d'adaptation à la naissance d'un premier enfant chez les jeunes pères en contexte économique précaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29387/29387.pdf.
Full textRobin, Tiphaine. "Engagement comportemental et personnalité : etudes de l'influence modulatrice des cinq facteurs sur les effets de l'engagement dans le contexte des changements liés à l'alimentation." Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT3031.
Full textThis thesis intends to evaluate the influence exerted by the five personality dimensions of the five factors model (McCrae et Costa, 1985; 1987) on the attitudinal and behavioral consequences of a behavioral commitment, in the context of student nutrition. A first study has been conducted with 167 students with a view to evaluate the efficacy of a commitment procedure, and notably by the public pattern of this technique, as a function of these five dimensions. This study highlight a weak and limited impact of the five dimensions of personality on the studied changes: notably, it appears that extraversion influences the efficacy of private commitment to induce attitudinal changes in the long term. The second and third studies have been conducted with a population of 186 and 268 students, with a view to put to the test the influence exerted by extraversion in relation to the effects of public commitment procedure. If the second study fails to highlight such an influence, it emerges from the third study that the modulation exerted by extraversion is only found on a behavioral dimension annex to the eating changes. These three studies reveal besides that behavioral commitment fails to induce eating and attitudinal changes upper to those aroused by a non-commitment procedure. These results are discussed from the angle of the difficulty of the eating change and of the possible moderation, due to this difficulty, of the effects exerted by personality on the commitment efficiency
Knap, Florence Marie. "Mémoire et contexte : étude de l'effet de fausse familiarité dans le cadre du veillissement." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR21002.
Full textBabin, Josiane. "Les effets d'un groupe de soutien pour personnes endeuillées par le suicide d'un proche : qu'en pensent les participants masculins ?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25361/25361.pdf.
Full textHamdi, Hinda. "Les stratégies de coping en contexte de violences conjugales : étude de leurs effets sur la souffrance psychique et la qualité de vie des femmes victimes de violences conjugales." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100107/document.
Full textIntroduction : Domestic violence constitutes an important source of stress for women who are victims. To face the stress felt, the latter tend to set up strategies of adaptation to this stress called coping strategies. If these are dysfunctional, they can threaten mental health. In this perspective, the main objective of the present thesis is to measure the potential efficiency of several coping strategies on the intensity of diverse psychological dimensions (anxiety-state-trait, depression, post-traumatic stress, dissociation and perception of life quality) in a specific context of domestic violence. And thus, to bring out psychotherapeutic applications centered on the learning of coping strategies which would play a beneficial role on the mental health of women victims of domestic violence. The secondary objective of this thesis is to propose a comparative study between a group of women victims of domestic violence and a control group of women who have not been victims of violence, stemming from the general population, according to the measured variables.Method : The data were collected, according to a quantitative approach (questionnaires of self-assessment scientifically valid) and qualitative (semi-structured interview guide), amongst 78 women victims of domestic violence and 99 women stemming from the general population. Bivariate, multivariate analyses and comparative tests were carried out to test, at a statistical level, our hypotheses of research.Results : The main results indicate that concerning women victims of domestic violence, the coping strategies centered on the problem, centered on the resolution of the problem, and centered on personal evolution are particularly effective for the level of anxiety-depression and to allow a satisfactory perception of life quality. The coping strategies centered on the autocontrol play a beneficial role on the perception of life quality. However, coping strategies such as those centered on escaping, appear as detrimental for all the psychological variables studied. The coping strategies centered on emotion and centered on acceptance play a noxious role on the level of post-traumatic stress. Finally, none of, the coping strategies measured had favorable links on the level of dissociation. Women victims of domestic violence suffering from dissociation at a pathological degree constitute a population strongly at risk. Concerning the comparative study, our results reveal that women victims of domestic violence are more anxious, more depressive, more pathologically traumatized, more dissociated and have a poorer perception of life quality than women stemming from a control group. They use more coping strategies centered on the problem, centered on acceptance and centered on escaping, and fewer coping strategies centered on research for social support than those stemming from the control group.Conclusion : Lines of thought integrating the topic of coping strategies were proposed to improve the psychotherapeutic care of women victims of domestic violence. New strategies of coping, more specific and adapted to a context of domestic violence, have also been suggested, and proposals were made
Crouzat, Pauline. "Collectifs de travail en ingénierie aéronautique : comment soutenir et développer l’activité collective en contexte de transformation organisationnelle et digitale ?" Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2131.
Full textEngineering knows an evolution of its organizational environment and of its tools (digitalisation). The development of collective activity is a valuable resource for health at work and for organisational performance (Caroly, 2010; Clot, 2010). That’s why it is necessary to preserve and protect it. Here, the objective is to determine conditions of activity that can participate to collective dynamics in engineering. Professionals involved are the key stone of this thesis.With our intervention research, we tried to identify the resources and the constraints of an efficient and significant collective activity for actors of engineering. Our working analysis combines two processes: understand to transform (interventional aim) and change to understand (epistemic and scientific aim).From a macro-organisational point of view, the first point is to identify socio-technical resources and constraints of collective activity. Then, we address personal experience, needs and expectations of actors in terms of collective dynamics (micro-organisational level); before designing and deploying interventions with them (meso-organisational level). Finally, we will see how it is possible to (re)-introduce a dialogical activity in the global work. This way permits to (re)-create opportunities for people to spot themselves in the ecosystem (team level) and to have a better understanding of shared practices and mutual expectations. To (re)-open the debate, focusing on the expression of people (rather than the information, only) can help actors to locate them in their work ecosystem and to fall within a matrix this system of work, over-equipped in terms of socio-technical tools
Jund, Robin. "Les apprentissages des enfants français d'origine nord africaine d'âge scolaire sont-ils soumis aux effets de menace du stéréotype en contexte réel de classe ?" Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF20023/document.
Full textRecent studies emphasize that young French North-Africans are less likely than others to havea baccalauréat. We argue that this lower success can be due, at least in part, to a lower qualityof school learning. According to Steele and Aronson (1995) and the stereotype threathypothesis, the principal aim of this work was to examine in which extent negativestereotypes about learning abilities of French North African children can decrease quality oflearning. In a developmental perspective, our second goal was to better know when stereotypethreat effect begins to impact children’s learning and performance. Finally, in an ecologicalperspective, our third aim was to test if stereotype threat occurs in real academic setting. Fiveexperiments were conducted in real academic setting among nearly 1 000 students in primaryschool level. As expected, the results showed that stereotype threat affects negatively learningof French North-African children in primary school. In addition, the results highlighted theinfluence of children’s social identity. Ethnic and gender identities effects also appearedshowing a favourable effect for French North-African girls but an unfavourable one for theirmale peers. Overall, these findings support a sociocognitive explanation of French North-Africans inferiority in baccalauréat access, rather than a sociobiological one. Furthermore,these findings support a new understanding of processes implicated in stereotype threat
Pelletier-Bosshard, Emma. "Identification des stratégies utillisées par les gestionnaires pour appuyer les employés qui effectuent un travail émotionnellement exigeant, et ce dans un contexte de contraintes organisationnelles." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26432.
Full textIndividuals who carry out emotionally demanding work have an increased risk of developing work-related psychological problems. In the face of this situation, support from immediate superiors appears to be important. This research aimed to identify the strategies used by immediate superiors to support their staff. Within this qualitative research study that used as its theoretical framework the ergonomic analysis of work, focus groups were conducted with immediate superiors within a Quebec youth centre (Centre jeunesse). These group interviews revealed seven support strategies as well as certain preparatory strategies. The potential influence of organisational, collective and individual factors on the choice of these strategies was also revealed. These findings contribute to the development of knowledge about the strategies used by immediate superiors to support employees and reveal the importance of contextual factors.
Max, Sylvain. "Les effets des réputations d'infériorité intellectuelle sur les performances académiques : une menace de l'identité." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00473478.
Full textDuvelson, Emilien. "Etude des effets de la relecture sur la compréhension de textes explicatifs par des enfants de cycle 3 dans le contexte diglossique d'Haïti, conception et validation d'aides et de remédiations aux difficultés de compréhension." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083364.
Full textThis research on the understanding and the production of explanatory text describing the causes and the consequences of the climate change, in French (L2), studies the effects of the second reading / hearing in Native language L1 on the understanding at learners of cycle 3 in the diglossia context of Haiti. These learners, particularly those stemming from discriminated circles, meet some difficulties to understand and produce texts, especially when missing linguistic resources and knowledge on the world evoked in texts. Following the reading of the text in L2 and her second reading / hearing in L1, the pupils of discriminated circles manage to activate the knowledge built in their language and their culture and also to remind the most important propositions of the text and to help them have a better understanding of it. Within the framework of a collaborative Face-to-face work and remote, textual helps in native language rewriting allowed an improvement of the quality of texts produced at the discriminated pupils. The answers to an initial and final questionnaire of knowledge which framed the tasks of writing and rewriting showed that the native language was used as help to activate knowledge during the understanding or the production of L2; which contributed to activate the knowledge built in this language and to help build new knowledge in the furure at the circles of discriminated pupils. The data of this research allows to contribute to the revival of learning / education in L2 in diglossia context, more particularly at the Haitian learners of circles sociocultural discriminated
Beck, Marie. "Les effets des nouvelles aides à la vente et à l’achat sur l’attitude et la prise de décision du consommateur : le cas d’une cabine d’essayage virtuelle dans un contexte cross-canal." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL12008.
Full textIn this dissertation, we study the effects of Interactive Consumer Decision Aids (ICDA) on consumer attitudes and behavior. Through the analysis of the literature on the effects of ICDA, we highlight priority research areas. From the review, we make three research propositions concerning the effects of ICDA on the affective, motivational and cognitive dimensions of consumer attitudes. Three exploratory qualitative studies strengthen and clarify these research propositions. Two further exploratory studies lead to the proposal of a taxonomy, based on the intrinsic characteristics of ICDA. Two sets of research hypotheses are then offered. The first set of hypotheses concerns the direct effect of the presence of a recreational ICDA on attitudes and behavior, while the second set concerns the mechanism activated in the presence of such a tool. The confirmatory steps, including three empirical quantitative studies (of which two were pre-tests) allow us to test these hypotheses. The results show that the presence (vs. absence) of an ICDA generates (1) more positive and less negative affective reactions, (2) more specific curiosity about the product, (3) higher trust in the website, less perceived risk and (4) more intent to patronize and purchase. Some of the effects are found to be moderated by the consumer’s expertise about new technologies and by the need to touch. The results also show that the specific curiosity about the product and about the ICDA mediate the effects of positive affective reactions, trust and perceived risk on the behavioral intention variables. The discussion of these results and of their implications is outlined in the last chapter. Finally, the limits of the work and suggestions for further research are presented
Cadiou, Clarisse. "L’influence du bilinguisme précoce sur le développement et le fonctionnement cognitif de l’enfant." Brest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BRES1017.
Full textThe main objective was to evaluate the influence of bilinguism on children’s cognitive functioning and development. We wondered if precocious bilingualism constitutes for the child a complimentary variable of his/her environment, likely to influence his/her cognitive development and to contribute to his/her leaming profile, and if the precocious introduction of a second language influences the acquisition of the maternal language. We studied the parents’ reasons for placing their child in a Diwan school (French-Breton) and those of the child to continue in this circuit of schools. We led a longitudinal and comparative study. The main results gathered at the primary school show bilingualism contributes to defining an apprenticeship profile in which simultaneous information processing prevails and at the secondary school, we haven’t, however, been able to confirm this, but we have highlighted some characteristics which seem to translate subtle outward signs of differential functioning
Rusnac, Natalia. "Comparaison sociale dans le contexte du risque chez des participants sains et en privation chronique de sommeil : impact sur l'auto-évaluation, les affects et le comportement." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG044/document.
Full textThe main goal of this PhD research was to study the consequences of social comparison on implicit and explicit self-evaluation in terms of cautiousness, on affect and on risk-taking behavior. In a series of studies, participants were exposed to a comparison standard who displayed either cautious (high standard) or reckless (low standard) drinking behavior. Results show that participants confronted with the high standard implicitly perceive themselves as more reckless and experience higher levels of anxiety than participants exposed to the low standard. On the other hand, the comparison standard does not influence explicit self-evaluation and controlled behaviors. These results indicate that there might be a dissociation between automatic (implicit) and controlled (explicit) processes involved in social comparison. On an applied level, regarding alcohol prevention campaigns, our findings suggest that it could be more effective to show a cautious standard rather than a reckless one
Rochon, Audrey. "Symptômes dépressifs et consommation problématique de substances psychoactives : effets modérateurs du contexte social." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6862.
Full textOf adolescents who use drugs, only a minority develops significant problems related to this drug use. It is then relevant to know and understand the processes by which this problematic consumption develops itself in order to be able to prevent it. This study examines the roles of depression symptoms and social relationships in the development of problematic drug use at the adolescence. More precisely, it aims at determining, with the help of a prospective correlational longitudinal design, if peers support, parental support and the quality of the teacher-student relationship have moderator effects on the relationship between depressive symptoms and problematic drug use. The sample used for this study is taken from the Stratégie d’Intervention Agir Autrement and is comprised of 4473 teenagers. Multiple linear regressions were completed and showed that depressive symptoms enhance the risk of a problematic drug use to be developed, whereas peers support impairs it. Contrary to what was expected, results show that parental support enhances the risk of developing a problematic drug use and that the teacher-student relationship has no significant impact. Moreover, peers support has a protective role, parental support intensifies the relationship between depressive symptoms and problematic drug use, whereas the quality of the teacher-student relationship attenuates it.