Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Effets de mémoire non linéaires'
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Legland, Jean-Baptiste. "Caractérisation par acoustique non linéaire des effets de vieillissement dans les milieux granulaires non cohésifs et désordonnés." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01019990.
Full textAbi, Hussein Mazen. "Linéarisation des amplificateurs de puissance : prédistorsion numérique adaptative en bande de base." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT2036.
Full textThis work deals with the linearization of power amplifiers. The aim is to evaluate experimentally linearization performance of digital baseband predistortion techniques and to propose some novel efficient implementation approaches. First, the traditional study based on power series modeling of the PA was repeated. Nonlinear phenomena were described and quantified. In the second part, we present a state of the art on the various linearization techniques. The most important part of this study was dedicated to the adaptive digital baseband predistortion technique. A new method for the implementation of digital predistortion was then proposed. This method was validated with simulations under Matlab and with measures. Its performances were compared to other classical implementation methods. An investigation on implementation complexity was also realized when continuous adaptation is adopted. The proposed method forms a good compromise between complexity and speed of convergence. The last part of this thesis was devoted to measurements. An automated measurement test bench has been specifically developed for the evaluation of digital baseband predistortion techniques. Two sets of measurements with two amplifiers, low and high power amplifiers, were carried out. The aim was to evaluate experimentally the performances of the proposed method and to highlight the memory effects in high power amplifiers, and evaluate the performance of digital predistortion techniques in this case
Salman, Oguz Umut. "Modeling of spatio-temporal dynamics and patterning mechanisms of martensites by phase-field and lagrangian methods." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066221.
Full textMichel, Florent. "Effets non-linéaires et effets quantiques en gravité analogue." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS164/document.
Full textThe present thesis deals with some properties of classical and quantum scalar fields in an inhomogeneous and/or time-dependent background, focusing on models where the latter can be described as a curved space-time with an event horizon. While naturally formulated in a gravitational context, such models extend to many physical systems with an effective Lorentz invariance at low energy. We shall see how this effective symmetry allows one to relate the behavior of perturbations in these systems to black-hole physics, what are its limitations, and in which sense results thus obtained are “analogous” to their general relativistic counterparts. The first chapter serves as a general introduction. A few notions from Einstein's theory of gravity are introduced and a derivation of Hawking radiation is sketched. The correspondence with low-energy systems is then explained through three important examples. The next four chapters each details one of the works completed during this thesis, updated and slightly reorganized to account for new developments which occurred after their publication. The other articles I contributed to are summarized in the last chapter, before the general conclusion. My collaborators and I focused on three aspects of the behavior of fields close to the (analogue) event horizon in models with an effective low-energy Lorentz symmetry. The first one concerns nonlinear effects, which had been given little attention in view of their crucial importance for understanding the evolution in time of Hawking radiation as well as for experimental realizations. We showed in particular how they determine the late-time behavior in stable and unstable configurations. The second aspect concerns linear and quantum effects. We studied the Hawking radiation itself in several models and what replaces it when continuously erasing the horizon. We also characterized and classified the different types of linear instabilities which can occur. Finally, we contributed to the design and analysis of “analogue gravity” experiments in Bose-Einstein condensates, hydrodynamic flows, and acoustic setups, of which I report the main results
Ajmi, Ahdi Noomen. "Modèles à longue mémoire et non linéaires : applications." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX24021.
Full textThis thesis is interested in the study of the long memory and non-linearity. Having presented the dilemma long memory and structural change, we made a comparative study of these types of modelling in the field of the demography. We were indeed able to conclude that the birth series of France, the United States, the Germany and the Suisse can be a well modelled by each one of the two processes. Afterwards, we investigated by simulations the results of Yajima (1988) on the asymptotic convergence of the least squared estimator in the case of a polynomial regression with long memory residuals. We then used this type of model on modelling real data by adopting a methodology in two stages. The second part of this thesis deals with a particular type of non-linearity, the STAR one. We give the different steps of there empirical specifications. Next, we proposed a new model, the seasonal FISTAR, which is able to describe simultaneously three very important characteristics in the economic series which are the seasonality, the long memory and the non-linearity. By fitting a seasonal FISTAR model to the US inflation, we show that this model performs well, in the description of this inflation process, than the other linear models. We also conclude that there is a regime switching in the seasonal component
Karr, Jean-Philippe. "Effets non linéaires et quantiques dans les microcavités semi-conductrices." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001199.
Full textNous montrons qu'en excitation résonante sous incidence normale, les effets non linéaires peuvent être décrits par un mélange à quatre ondes dégénéré de polaritons donnant un terme de type Kerr. Une étude théorique détaillée démontre que l'on peut obtenir une compression de bruit du champ réfléchi par la cavité. Nous avons mené les études expérimentales sur une microcavité refroidie à 4K et excitée par un laser continu quasi-monochromatique. Le bruit est mesuré au moyen d'une détection homodyne. L'ensemble des résultats est en bon accord qualitatif avec le modèle. Nous observons un comportement bistable à haute intensité d'excitation. Nous mettons en évidence la dépendance en phase de l'émission, confirmant l'existence d'un effet non linéaire cohérent, et une réduction du bruit en dessous du bruit thermique provenant de la luminescence quasi-résonante.
Enfin nous avons étudié théoriquement une autre configuration où l'angle d'incidence est choisi de façon à optimiser l'efficacité du processus de mélange paramétrique à quatre ondes non dégénéré de polaritons. Le comportement du système est alors analogue à celui d'un oscillateur paramétrique optique non dégénéré. Nous montrons que les intensités des deux faisceaux " signal " et " complémentaire " présentent des corrélations quantiques légèrement au-dessus du seuil d'oscillation paramétrique.
Messin, Gaétan. "Luminescence, bruit et effets non linéaires dans les microcavités semi-conductrices." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00000858.
Full textGodbout, Nicolas. "Effets non-linéaires de second ordre dans les verres de silice." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ53533.pdf.
Full textOuadjou, Abdesselam. "Effets electrooptiques non linéaires dans les liquides diélectriques. Inclusion de l'inertie." Perpignan, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PERP0172.
Full textBou, Matar-Lacaze Olivier. "Mesure de vibration par vibromètre acoustique : importance des effets non-linéaires." Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR3305.
Full textMootamri, Imène. "Essais sur la modélisation de processus non linéaires à mémoire longue : quelques contributions." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX24017.
Full textCertain crucial financial time series exhibit long memory behaviour in the sense of slowly decaying correlations combined with regime switching and heteroscedasticity feature. In modeling such behavior, we consider on one hand, the FISTAR model with exponential transition function in order to model US real effective exchange rate and additionally propose two methods to address the related parameter estimation problem. Out-of-sample forecasts were implemented in order to compare the predictive performances of our model with other linear models. On the other hand, we suggest a univariate and multivariate ARFIMA-GARCH model. In the first case, we consider an ARFIMA-STVGARCH model and we develop a specification and estimation strategy of the process. Moreover, in order to compare the asymptotic properties of the estimators, the Monte Carlo simulations are carried out. Finally, we apply this model to the inflation rate series of five countries. In the end, we consider an ARFIMA-GARCH model in multivariate framework (VARFIMA-MVGARCH) to model three American stock returns. We study four type of MGARCH model for estimation and forecasting
Lutz, François. "Addition enantioselective de dialkylzincs sur des aldehydes effets non linéaires et autocatalyse." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066199.
Full textMbogning, Cyprien. "Inférence dans les modèles conjoints et de mélange non-linéaires à effets mixtes." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112415/document.
Full textThe main goal of this thesis is to develop new methodologies for the analysis of non linear mixed-effects models, along with their implementation in accessible software and their application to real problems. We consider particularly extensions of non-linear mixed effects model to mixture models and joint models. The study of these two extensions is the essence of the work done in this document, which can be divided into two major parts. In the first part, we propose, in order to have a better control of heterogeneity linked to data of patient issued from several clusters, extensions of NLMEM to mixture models. We suggest in this Thesis to combine the EM algorithm, traditionally used for mixtures models when the variables studied are observed, and the SAEM algorithm, used to estimate the maximum likelihood parameters when these variables are not observed. The resulting procedure, referred MSAEM, allows avoiding the introduction of a simulation step of the latent categorical covariates in the estimation algorithm. This algorithm appears to be extremely fast, very little sensitive to parameters initialization and converges to a (local) maximum of the likelihood. This methodology is now available under the Monolix software. The second part of this thesis deals with the joint modeling of the evolution of a biomarker over time and the time between successive appearances of a possibly censored event of interest. We consider among other, the right censoring and interval censorship of multiple events. The parameters of the resulting joint model are estimated by maximizing the exact joint likelihood by using a MCMC-SAEM algorithm. The proposed methodology is now available under Monolix
Grellier, Edouard. "Etude des effets non-linéaires à l'oeuvre dans les transmissions optiques fortement dispersifs." Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA2044.
Full textIn order to respond to the ever increasing need for capacity in data transmission, telecommunication providers are now installing optical transmission systems operating at 100Gbit/s per channel. To enable such transmission, several key technologies have been developed such as coherent detection and new modulation formats. In the meantime, the transmission line itself is evolving and system with no line chromatic dispersion compensation are more and more considered , these systems operate in the so-called “highly dispersive regime”. The large distortion affects the non-linear interactions among the different signals and makes it necessary to revisit the study of the non-linear effects. To that end, we begin by showing that the study of highly dispersive system requires test sequences of several thousands of bits. Then, we derive a first order perturbative approach of the non-linear Schrödinger equation for a vector field that enables to study systems using modulated on either 1 or 2 polarisations. We show that in highly dispersive systems, the impact of non linear effects is similar to additive Gaussian noise. And we use this property to revisit the notion of non-linear threshold, i. E. The optical power setting leading to the best trade-off between the impacts of the noise and the non-linear effects. Finally we establish practical design rules predicting the evolution of the performance with respect to parameters such as the number of spans, the optical power or the amount of cumulated chromatic dispersion. And we establish a model providing a performance prediction for any dispersion management strategy
Viale, Pierre. "Gestion des effets non linéaires dans les fibres optiques à bande interdite photonique." Limoges, 2006. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/9a9c89be-3d7c-4b1d-8644-ee484619e0db/blobholder:0/2006LIMO0057.pdf.
Full textNonlinear effects in optical fibres were managed by means of photonic crystals (PC). On the one hand, such a metamaterial was employed to increase the threshold of appearance of nonlinear effects. Hence a silica core PC fibre exhibiting a large effective mode area was designed and fabricated. The subsequent characterization was studied in detail. Moreover, a properly designed PC allows propagation of light in a low index media such as air, which is a low nonlinear medium. Modelling of hollow core PC fibre was exposed together with our realizations and characterisations. On the other hand, specific properties of PC allow to propagate light in a highly-nonlinear low-index liquid filling the hollow core of a PC fibre so as to exacerbating nonlinear effects and creating novel optical sources. To the best of our knowledge, a low-loss liquid-core PC fibre was fabricated for the first time. A comprehensive theory of propagation was developed and confirmed by experiments
Guibert, Laurent Christian Jean. "Etude des effets non linéaires et de la susceptibilité des systèmes électroniques embarqués." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESAE0054/document.
Full textIn the frame of ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC), the knowledge of EM immunity or susceptibility levels of on-board equipment is an important parameter to control and manage throughout the whole life of equipment. In fact, during maintenance phases of this equipment, it is important to ensure that these levels are maintained in order to guarantee its operation. To meet this need, this thesis proposes to focus on a novel and easy-to-implement experimental method for a quick diagnosis of equipment EM radiated susceptibility at high frequency.. This method is based on the observation of the harmonic frequencies radiated by an equipment device when this one is summited to a perfectly monochromatic illumination at high frequency. We make the hypothesis that the amplitude of those frequencies increases when the electronic equipment is in a dysfunction state. For this, a experimental method suitable for MSRCs has first been developed and studied to highlight the principle of this method. Then, having observed experimentally the radiation phenomenon of harmonic frequencies on several configurations of electronic cards, we have developed a 3D FDTD model to simulate the phenomenon. With this model, a modeling of the experiments was carried out and comparisons between measurements and calculations were performed. Calculation results coming from FDTD Maxwell’s equation models showed trends and functional behaviors identical to those observed in measurements which demonstrated that the proposed control method was fully viable. Regarding the modeling phase, we concentrated on models describing the operation of the logic circuit but we did not to enter into the physical description of each electronic component. Our selected applications have therefore focused on the inclusion in the Maxwell FDTD model of a digital signal represented as a series of bits, as well as the introduction of some components such as a diode and a CMOS inverter. The generalization of the proposed inverter model can be easily extended to other CMOS components such as the SRAM memories we studied in experimental tests
Boissonneault, Maxime. "Effets non-linéaires et qualité de la mesure en électrodynamique quantique en circuit." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5734.
Full textMonsalve, Gutiérrez Eduardo. "Études expérimentales des ondes à la surface de l'eau : effets non linéaires et absorption." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066027/document.
Full textThis thesis presents an experimental investigation on the propagation of nonlinear water waves. The first part focuses on the space-time measurements of nonlinear water waves, when it passes over a submerged step. The space-time resolved measurement allows us to separate the different components at the second order, which are compared with a theoretical nonlinear multi-modal model. The important contribution of the surface tension at higher orders is verified by measuring the beating length of the second harmonic. In the same conditions, the addition of a reflecting wall at the end of the channel sets a rectangular tank with submerged step, where the excitation of low-frequency modes yields a quasi-periodic dynamics. Concurrently, a research about aspects that have to be considered in small scale experiments of surface waves has been carried out. In shallow water, the damping of water waves is highly influenced by the bottom friction. This dependence was measured for randomly distributed waves, revealing the relative contribution of this effect. Moreover, the dynamic of the contact line plays a significant role when the wave-amplitude is small and the boundaries are near, both in relation to the capillary length. We observed experimentally how the wetting of the boundaries changes the reflection and the wave-front curvature. The final part covers the measurement of perfect wave absorption by a coupled resonator in a narrow waveguide. The trapped modes generated by a cylinder shifted from the channel axis were excited to generate the absorption
Le, Gallou Nicolas. "Modélisation par séries de volterra dynamiques des phénomènes de mémoire non linéaires pour la simulation système d'amplificateurs de puissance." Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMO0021.
Full textThis work, undertaken in collaboration between IRCOM and Alcatel Space Industries deals with behavioral medeling of microwave high power amplifiers. Based of Modified Volterra Series Formalism (Dynamic Kernel Volterra Series) three types of models are presented for the simulation of power amplifier under multicarrier conditions. .
Jaulent, Patrice. "Etude des effets singuliers transitoires dans les amplificateurs opérationnels linéaires par photogénération impulsionnelle non-linéaire." Phd thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00997385.
Full textMacon, Louis. "Effets polarimétriques en régimes linéaires et non linéaire dans les fibres optiques uni modales biréfringentes." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE4031.
Full textKuhn, Estelle. "Estimation par maximum de vraisemblance dans des problèmes inverses non linéaires." Paris 11, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008316.
Full textThis thesis deals with maximum likelihood estimation in inverse problems. In the tree first chapters, we consider statistical models involving missing data in a parametric framework. Chapter 1 presents a version of the EM algorithm (Expectation Maximization), which combines a stochastic approximation with a Monte Carlo Markov Chain method: the missing data are drawn from a well-chosen transition probability. The almost sure convergence of the sequence generated by the algorithm to a local maximum of the likelihood of the observations is proved. Some applications to deconvolution and change-point detection are presented. Chapter 2 deals with the application of the algorithm to nonlinear mixed effects models. Besides the estimation of the parameters, we estimate the likelihood of the model and the Fisher information matrix. We assess the performance of the algorithm, comparing the results obtained with other methods, on examples coming from pharmacocinetics and pharmacodynamics. Chapter 3 presents an application to geophysics. We perform a joint inversion between teleseismic times and velocity and between gravimetric data and density. Our point of view is innovative because we estimate the parameters of the model which were generally fixed arbitrarily. Moreover we take into account a linear relation between slowness and density. Chapter 4 deals with non parametric density estimation in missing data problems. We propose a logspline estimator of the density of the non observed data, which maximizes the observed likelihood in a logspline model. We apply our algorithm in this parametric model. We study the convergence of this estimator to the density of the non observed data, when the size of the logpline model and the number of observations tend to infinity. Some applications illustrate this method
Dedieu, Hervé. "Étude des effets de quantification dans les algorithmes adaptatifs de type gradiant stochastique." Toulouse, INPT, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPT081H.
Full textCoulibaly, Saliya. "Solitons dissipatifs des oscillateurs paramétriques optiques : instabilités convectives / absolues et effets non-linéaires du walk-off." Lille 1, 2006. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/d024cfb0-ee26-498b-ab7b-6368ac8e4f07.
Full textMa, Lin. "Modélisation et simulation des effets non linéaires et multidimensionnels d'un moteur thermoacoustique : influence d'une charge résistive." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066430/document.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis concerns the numerical simulation of the starting phase and saturation regime of a thermoacoustic engine equipped with a resistive load. A hybrid model is used: the flow in the active cell, described by two-dimensional nonlinear equations, is coupled to a one-dimensional linear acoustics model in the resonator, using matched asymptotic expansions in the low Mach number limit. Unstable acoustic modes develop spontaneously in the system. The computed acoustic pressure signal in the active cell is analyzed in order to extract the growth rate and frequency of the dominant modes. Therefore the critical hot exchanger temperature and frequency of the associated mode allowing the engine to start can be determined. Those critical parameters are characterized for all possible values of the resistive load. The effects of physical parameters such as mean pressure or of geometrical parameters of the active cell are also investigated. Results are found in agreement with linear theory and with experimental results from the literature. In some instances, the hybrid model enables to carry the simulations up to the periodic regime, which represents tens of thousands of acoustic periods. Finally, two simulations of the periodic regime are detailed in order to analyze flow dynamics (vortex formation) in the vicinity of the stack plate/heat exchanger extremities, for small and large drive ratio
Itji, Hassan. "Oscillations cohérentes et effets de retour dans la superfluorescence de la molécule Te2." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10316.
Full textAburas, Muhammad. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés de transport de vortex supraconducteur : effets de surface et régimes non linéaires." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN2047.
Full textWe studied the effect of surface treatments by relatively simple methods on the critical current density of the pure Niobium superconductor. We have shown significant effects on the critical current density and the ability to reach large values only by playing on the roughness of surface. We also obtained original results on the origin of surface superconducting currents and how to modulate it. In addition, an important role in the spatial correlation of roughness is highlighted and offers many opportunities for modulation of the critical current density by adjusting the particle size and processing times. We also studied the nonlinearity of the curve V(I). This study was done on a sample of Pb-In superconductor which divided into several domains to check the influence of the homogeneity of critical current on the nonlinear properties. We show that each domain has a different critical current; this is responsible for a large part of the non-linearity. Despite of this difference in critical current, we show that the shapes of the curves V(I) at the bottom of each curve are very similar. We propose a critical analysis by discussing the models of creep, critical depinning, and critical current distribution. We also found, by ac susceptibility measurements, that the flux creep plays only a weak role in the alternative response, even in a sample HTc which presents a well-defined critical current
Belkhouja, Mustapha. "Modelling nonlinearities in long-memory time series : simulation and empirical studies." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX24010/document.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the detection and the estimation of structural changes in long memory economic and financial time series. Within the rest three chapters we focused on the univariate case to model both the long range dependence and structural changes in the mean and the volatility of the examined series. In the beginning we just take into account abrupt regime switches but after we use more developed nonlinear models in order to capture the smooth time variations of the dynamics. Otherwise we analyse the efficiency of various techniques permitting to select the number of breaks and we assess the robustness of the used tests in a long memory environment via simulations. Last, this thesis was completed by an extension to multivariate models. These models allow us to detect the impact of some series on the others and identify the relationships among them. The interdependencies between the financial variables were studied and analysed both in the short and the long range. While structural changes were not considered in the last chapter, our multivariate model takes into account asymmetry effects and the long memory behaviour in the volatility
KUHN, Estelle. "Estimation par maximum de vraisemblance dans des problèmes inverses non linéaires." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008316.
Full textClair, David. "Analyse et modélisation des effets mécaniques dans le processus d'usure par impacts/glissements : Application à des contacts de géométrie conforme." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAL0111.
Full textFrench nuclear power plants produce more than 75% of the electrical power used in France. Studying the wear of the components of their reactors is therefore a major stake in terms of safety and economy. This work focuses on the analysis and modeling of "mechanical effects in the impact-sliding wear process. It relies on a "mechanical model problem", defined according to the industrial problem and studied using d1e phenomenological approach of wear modeling. Experimental and numerical investigation tools have been developed and validated. They aim at modeling the influence of mechanics on the wear process by considering the scale of the tribological triplet, namely the mechanism, the first bodies and the third body. The model problem is experimentally reproduced by BRUNEAU, a testing machine dedicated to d1is study. The definition of input signals as well as the analysis of testing results are performed using a 2 d. O. F. Impact oscillator model including the feedback loop. This model gives input data for the calculation of local stresses and strains within the contacting components using 2D and 3D dynamic finite element codes. The obtained stress-history is then used by an original modeling of first body’s response to tribological loading relying on a coupling between polycyclic fatigue and elastic damage of the material. The whole investigation tools are then used to analyze the wear process activated by the basic contact kinematics : pL1re impacts, impacts/ sliding, orbital motion. Eventually, the application of the investigation tools to the design of components or to understand the influence of a parameter illustrates how the variation of a parameter affects each scale of the tribological triplet. This proves the necessity of developing compatible models, able to exchange input data and results, in order to study properly the sequence of phenomena in which mechanics is involved. The outlook of this work applies to the industrial problem as well as to the wear modeling
Scheiman, Patricia. "Analyse de la réponse de structures non linéaires à deux degrés de liberté sollicitées par des sources d'excitation aléatoires." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EVRY0004.
Full textSimos, Christos. "Traitement ultrarapide de signaux optiques par effets non-linéaires quadratiques : échantillonnage optique et commutation spatiale par effet soliton." Limoges, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIMO0004.
Full textThe goal of this work is the study of the possibilities offered by the quadratic nonlinear effects for the realisation of ultrafast functions for all-optical processing of signals such as optical sampling, all optical switching and routing, wavelength demultiplexing, etc
T'Joen, Laurent. "Effets régularisants et existence locale pour les équations non-linéaires de Schrödinger et des plaques à coefficients variables." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112264.
Full textNorcia-Molin, Stéphanie. "Augmentation de la profondeur de modulation de signaux hyperfréquence sur porteuse optique par effets non linéaires dans les fibres." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112118.
Full textOptical fibres tend to replace coaxial cables in many systems of transport and processing of microwave signals. In particular, future generations of radar systems will be equipped with opto-electronic links thus using with profit the advantages of optical fibres (weak weight, size, cost and large bandwidth). In these future radar systems, the linear transposition of microwave information on optical carrier with traditional integrated intensity modulators (such as mach-zehnder) is amplitude-limited. The resulting signal is thus composed of a weak modulated part containing the microwave information and of a strong continuous component which can saturate some of the opto-electronic link components. In this work we studied two non-linear processes in optical fibres allowing selective and dynamic attenuation of the optical carrier only, without any attenuation of the microwave signal. This means an increase of the signal contrast, that is to say an increase of its modulation depth. The first studied effect is stimulated brillouin scattering in optical fibres (including in photonic crystal fibres). The second studied effect is two wave mixing by gain saturation in an amplifying optical fibre. The feasibility of modulation depth increase of the microwave signal by these two techniques respectively has been proven. An increase of the modulation depth of the signal by a factor 10 000 has been demonstrated
Dehez, Marion. "Utilisation de modèles non linéaires à effets mixtes pour l'étude des variations nycthémérales de pression artérielle chez l'hypertendu essentiel traité et non traité." Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT1403.
Full textNguyen, Duc Minh. "Investigations et caractérisations de fibres et guides optiques très fortement non-linéaires." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1E006.
Full textMAMALIS, GRIGORIOS, and P. MORA. "Action conjuguee des effets non-lineaires et du desordre sur la formation de polarons dans les chaines moleculaires uni-dimensionnelles." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EPXX0005.
Full textDelavenne, Xavier. "Apports des modèles non linéaires à effets mixtes dans l'étude de la variabilité pharmacocinétique et pharmacodynamique des médicaments antithrombotiques." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00691432.
Full textOlmedo, Herrero Elena. "Étude des effets non linéaires dans les lasers et amplificateurs de puissance à fibre double gaine dopée Er3+/Yb3+." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000743.
Full textDubois, Anne. "Tests de bioéquivalence basés sur les modèles non linéaires à effets mixtes : application à la pharmacocinétique des médicaments biologiques." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077188.
Full textThis thesis considers bioequivalence tests to analyse crossover trials using nonlinear mixed effects modelling (NLMEM). AH proposed applications concern biologic drugs. We first compared the usual bioequivalence tests based on the individual parameters estimated by non compartmental analysis (NCA) to those based on the empirical Bayes estimates (EBE) obtained from NLMEM. We observed an inflation of the type I error of the EBE-based tests which is linked to the shrinkage and thus limits the use of such tests. Then, we studied the Wald test and the likelihood ratio test (LRT) based on a NLMEM including the treatment, period, and sequence effects, in top of the between and within-subject variability. We proposed a method to perform the Wald test on a secondary parameter of the structural model. For the small sample size designs, the type I error of the Wald test and LRT is inflated. For the Wald test, this inflation can be corrected using the empirical estimation standard error or an approach based on the weighting of the estimation variance. These results were applied to the analysis of two bioequivalence trials comparing different formulations of somatropin or erythropoietin. Finally, we demonstrated that the use of the Fisher information matrix allows the evaluation and the optimisation of designs of bioequivalence crossover trials which will be analysed by NLMEM. To conclude, this work underlines the interest of the bioequivalence analysis based on NLMEM and applied to clinical trials on biologic drugs
Brendel, Karl. "Méthodes d'évaluation de modèles non linéaires à effets mixtes dans le cadre d'analyses de population en pharmacocinétique et pharmacodynamie." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA114823.
Full textThis thesis is about non-linear mixed effect models for population pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic analyses. We performed a survey of the literature on all the population analyses published between 2002 and 2004, in order to obtain an overview on the different evaluation methods. Secondly, we have developed and illustrated different metrics for external model evaluation. We illustared these different metrics by using two simulated datasets and one real dataset. These metrics are based on observations, hyperparameters and on the likelihood. We evaluated by simulation different tests under the null hypothesis, for one of the metric based on observations, called Normalized Prediction Distribution Error (NPDE). Finally, we illustrated the behaviour of the NPDE with covariate models, by simulating different validation datasets without covariate, with a categorical or a continuous covariate
Beauvais, Romain. "Effets non linéaires acoustiques et couplages fluide-structure dans les guides d’ondes : application à des conduites de compresseurs alternatifs." Thesis, Le Mans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LEMA1015.
Full textIn the oil, chemical and gas industries, the manufacturing processes induce the use of pipelines subjected to gases at high pressure and temperature. The gas is transported by reciprocating compressors connected to these pipelines, whose normal operation generates the propagation of acoustic waves causing structural vibrations by coupling between the gas column and the piping system. Understanding the behavior and controlling the level of these vibrations is a major challenge because of their impact on the safety of the installations. However, the increase in the rotational speeds of new compressors has accentuated the generation of non-linear acoustic phenomena that can occur locally at section discontinuities (orifice, expansiona areas) or along the propagation in long pipes. A one-dimensional numerical model of non-linear propagation in a pipe network with cross-section discontinuities is developed in the time domain. This model is based on the choice of a FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain) scheme adapted to weakly non-linear propagation with viscothermic losses in wave guides.In the meantime, a study is carried out on the vibroacoustic coupling between the fluid and a bent pipe. The propagation of plane acoustical waves generates the appearance of localized forces at the bends of a pipe. Vibrations are then induced by the unbalancing of these forces. The measurement of modal parameters (mode shapes, frequency and damping) is carried out by means of vibration tests at strategic points on the pipe. Then an inverse method is proposed in order to estimate the internal pressure field, based on non-intrusive acceleration measurements
Rebeyrotte, Alain. "Contribution à l'étude des effets non-linéaires sur la surface libre au-dessus de corps immergés en mouvement instationnaire." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT2277.
Full textThe aim of this work is to study the nonlinear effects on unsteady flows above a submerged body, and particularly the shape of the free surface. The originality of our research is that we keep the two free surface conditions in their nonlinear formulation. We use a MEL procedure to solve the problem : at each time step we know the potential on the free surface and its position, we then solve a mixed boundary value problem to find the unknown strength of the Rankine singularities. To update the potential and the elevation of the free surface we use a 4th order Runge-Kutta scheme. In order to avoid singular kernel in the integral calculation we use a desingularized technique for the distribution of the singularities on the free surface. First we apply this method to a source-sink pair moving above the free surface to validate the discretisation and calculation procedures. Then we study the motion of a submerged ellipsoid in infinite and shallow water. The end of this work presents the simulation of a source sink-pair in circular motion and the study of the steady wave train generated by a sine-shaped obstacle on a flat bottom in a uniform stream
Ozdemir, Zuhal. "Interaction fluide structure et analyse sismique pour les déformations non linéaires de réservoirs." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10003/document.
Full textIn this thesis, fluid-structure interaction algorithms based on the Lagrangian formulation for the structure and the Arbitrary Lagragian Eulerian formulation for the fluid have been used. These algorithms can take into account the effects of geometric and material nonlinearities of the tank and nonlinear sloshing behavior of contained liquid is utilized to evaluate the actual behavior of steel cylindrical ground supported liquid storage tanks when subjected to realistic base motions. Since seismic design codes generally define ground shaking in the form of an acceleration response spectrum, earthquake ground motions is selected and processed using spectrum matching techniques in time domain to be compatible with the Turkish Seismic Design Code (2007) spectra. In addition to two horizontal components of ground motion, the vertical component is also taken into account in order to determine relative importance of vertical ground motion on the behaviors of anchored and unanchored tanks. In order to clarify the key question of tank problems whether anchoring would prevent earthquake damage to the tank, numerical analyses are carried out on the same tank model having two different support conditions: anchored and unanchored. The consistency of the provisions presented in current tank seismic design codes and finite element method analysis results are evaluated and recommendations on seismic tank design codes are presented
Ladoucette, Sophie. "Comment mesurer le risque d'un portefeuille grâce à l'étude statistique de processus non linéaires." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DENS0022.
Full textYi, Lilin. "Ralentissement de la lumière par effets non-linéaires dans les fibres optiques pour les systèmes de communications à haut débit." Paris, ENST, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENST0037.
Full textSlow light, referring to slowing down the propagation velocity of the light through engineering the material dispersion or waveguide dispersion of the medium, is a promising technology for optical buffering and packet synchronization in future all-optical communication networks. Recently, slow light in fibers are rapidly developing for their compatibility with fiber-optic communication systems, where the fiber nonlinearities such as stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), stimulated Raman scattering (SBS) and parametric process are used to shape the material dispersion of the fiber so as to realize the slow light based on the well-known Kramers-Kronig relationship. What’s more, for being compatible with the present 10-Gb/s optical communication systems, the system performances of 10-Gb/s signals delayed in the fiber nonlinearities based slow light should be thoroughly evaluated. In this thesis, we utilize the narrow band parametric process and broadband SBS in fiber to realize the tunable delay of 10-Gb/s signals. We evaluate the performances of the slow-light delay lines by measuring the maximal delay time, the fractional delay and the signal quality such as eye opening and bit-error-rate (BER) of the delay signal, and optimize the signal quality by minimizing the slow-light induced distortions
Malher, Arnaud. "Amortisseurs passifs non linéaires pour le contrôle de l’instabilité de flottement." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLY010/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the effect of passive nonlinear absorbers on the two degrees of freedom airfoil flutter. When an airfoil is subject to flutter instability, it oscillates increasingly until stabilizing on a limit cycle, the amplitude of which can be possibly substantial and thus damage the airfoil structure. The control has two main objectives : delay the instability and decrease the limit cycle amplitude. The flutter instability, and the post-flutter regime in particular, were studied first. A flutter experiment on a flat plate airfoil was conducted and the airfoil behavior was modeled, taking into account dynamic stall. Regarding the passive control, the first absorber studied was a hysteretic damper, realized using shape memory alloys springs. The characteristic of such dampers is their hysteretic restoring force, allowing them to dissipate a large amount of energy. Their main goal was thus to decrease the limit cycle amplitude caused by the flutter instability. This expected effect was observed and quantified both experimentally and numerically, using heuristic model. The second absorber studied was a nonlinear tuned vibration absorber. This absorber consists of a light mass attached to the airfoil through a spring having both a linear and a cubic stiffness. The role of the linear part of such absorber was to repel the instability threshold, while the aim of the nonlinear part was to decrease the limit cycle amplitude. It was found, analytically and numerically, that the instability threshold is substantially shifted by this absorber, whereas the limit cycle amplitude decrease is relatively modest
Hawaini, Abdullatif. "Contribution à la modélisation des effets non linéaires dans les amplificateurs RF et micro-ondes des émetteurs de radiocommunications numériques." Marne-la-Vallée, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MARN0260.
Full textThis thesis concerns the behavioral modeling of high power amplifiers, last element of digital radio-communications chain. This work includes, in a first part, comparative analysis of the existing models and proposes a model based on the Volterra series. This model takes into account the short-term memory and long-term memory into the active component. The comparison of the existing models and the validation are carried out on a signal OFDM type presenting a great bandwidth and a high amplitude variation. A second part is devoted to architectures of EER type, this architectures employs a class E high power amplifier. These architectures make it possible to obtain an operation of the multistandards type and high efficiency. We have made a study on the consequences in term of performances and efficiency of the active device parameters non-ideality in commutation mode
Fuks, Izabela. "Etudes théoriques et expérimentales des effets optiques non-linéaires du troisième ordre dans de nouveaux matériaux à conjugaison électronique élevée." Angers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ANGE0028.
Full textThe thesis is devoted to the theoretical and experimental studies of third order nonlinear optical effects in new highly conjugated compounds. Particularly we study theoretical and experimental study of modified fullerenes, polyenes compounds as well as oligothienylenovinylenes compounds. The experimental part is devoted to description of the techniques used for the determination of the nonlinear optical properties of third order. We showed a good correlation between the chemical structures (chemical bond, dimentionality etc. . ) of the studied compounds and their nonlinear optical response. A good agreement between the experimental results and the quantum chemical calculations is shown in this work. This thesis presents a rather complete study on the nonlinear optical properties of the selected and novel synthesized molecules. It acts of one at the same time important and useful contribution in to the field of functionalized materials for nonlinear optical applications. The originality of this work consists especially of an original choice of composed, their potentiality for the applications in nonlinear optics like optical memories, optical commutation and the optical limitation
Fahmi, Abdelilah. "Contrôle des effets non linéaires dans des liquides en mélange d'ondesApplication à la mesure de la susceptibilité non linéaire et à la conjugaison de phase." Angers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ANGE0022.
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