Academic literature on the topic 'Efficiency of use of funds for wages'
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Journal articles on the topic "Efficiency of use of funds for wages"
1
Volokhova, M. A. "LABOR STIMULATION IN THE SYSTEM OF A RURAL SETTLEMENT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT." Scientific Review: Theory and Practice 10, no. 7 (2020): 1408–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/2226-0226-2020-10-7-1408-1418.
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Modern market conditions dictate agricultural producers to create their own individual systems for involving workers into the activities of the enterprise within the framework of the company socio-economic development, as well as to combine various systems of labor incentives and use any other existing achievements, to apply to a limited contingent of workers or to be present only within the framework of certain structural divisions (crop and livestock), where their use will be most appropriate. The article provides a grouping of districts according to the main economic indicators with the aim of their influence on the size of wages. An increase in efficiency indicates an increase in its stimulating role. One of the main indicators that determine the effectiveness of the use of funds for labor remuneration is salary efficiency or labor process profitability. It indicates how many times the employer’s income received as a result of the employee’s work is greater than the total wage bill. The percentage of the influence of quantitative and qualitative factors of wage return and wage intensity on the final production result has been calculated. To identify the efficiency of spending on labor remuneration, one compares salary productivity with the indicator of salary intensity in dynamics for six groups in the context of districts of the Saratov region. A number of indicators are highlighted for calculating the bonus fund, on the basis of which the size of the bonus for one employee is determined separately for crop production (tractor driver-driver) and animal husbandry (pig breeding). The rating assessment of employees on the basis of labor contribution is determined using the selected performance criteria and calculating the percentage of their fulfillment. Stabilization of the demographic situation in conditions of economic growth is seen as one of the main ways to increase the labor potential of the region.
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Andi Bintang Balele, Muhtazib Muhtazib, and Anggi Asrina. "Analisis Efektivitas dan Efisiensi Penyusunan Rencana Anggaran Biaya Pembangunan Perumahan Bukit Mega Harmoni Pada PT. Graha Mega Cendana Makassar." CEMERLANG : Jurnal Manajemen dan Ekonomi Bisnis 1, no. 1 (2024): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/cemerlang.v1i1.2943.
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An increase in company value will make investors believe that the company is able to manage its performance in future prospects. From the background of the problem. The importance of the information needed in determining company policy, which is useful for measuring the company. To find out whether the budget plan for the construction of the Bukit Mega Harmoni housing development at PT. Graha Mega Cendana Makassar is effective and efficient. The type of research used by researchers is descriptive qualitative. Based on the analysis of data from the research results and discussions that have been described, it can be concluded that in general the preparation of the budget plan for the construction of Bukit Mega Harmoni Housing by PT. Graha Mega Cendana in 2017-2019 was quite effective on average, although the overall level of cost efficiency was less than the expected target of 5%. The efficiency of direct costs for building materials was able to exceed the target of 5.32% because there were efforts to control the use of materials in the field, while for craftsman labor costs there was in-efficiency or inefficiency of -4.97% due to demands for increases. the cost of piecework wages for craftsmen during the course of project implementation. For overhead costs or indirect costs, the average efficiency is 20.36% and the most prominent is the efficiency in financial cost items of 32.56%. This occurs because of a decrease in the value of bank credit interest expenses as a result of smooth installment payments. credit and accelerated repayment of bank credit. However, on average, of all cost items, the cost efficiency of building Bukit Mega Harmoni Housing from 2017–2019 of 73 units was only 3.17%, this is because the comparison between the amount of efficiency funds and the total cost budget plan funds used is very small.
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PETRUSHKA, Olena. "Modernization of the system of formation and use of financial resources of pension insurance in Ukraine." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 10 (October 29, 2021): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2021.10.6.
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Introduction. Due to the demographic, socio-economic and financial problems facing Ukraine, the need to modernize Ukraine’s pension system is quite acute. The basis for its improvement should be changes that will ensure the creation of a balanced and equitable pension insurance system, which will operate on the basis of transparency and efficiency, the main vocation of which will be to ensure a high standard of living and social integration of existing and future retirees. The purpose of the paper is to study the problems of the functioning of the pension system of Ukraine and to find ways to improve the system of formation and use of financial resources of pension insurance. Results. Real and priority steps towards the implementation of the outlined vectors of reform on the way to improving the pension system should be comprehensive systemic measures to de-shadow the economy, create jobs, legalize the labor market, reduce pressure on the payroll and simplify tax administration, ensure adequate wages and income. In order to improve the mechanism of effective use of the pension system, it is necessary to modernize the existing system of administrative, financial and budgetary management. The key point of such modernization is to take into account the completeness of financial security, efficiency and effectiveness of financial flow management. Ensuring the efficient use of budget funds of the pension system is considered as one of the ways to increase the provision of these funds. The use of budget funds should be based on a balance of opportunities and needs for financial resources, analysis of their adequacy, assessment of their effectiveness and manageability, the availability of innovative levers and management schemes, other components of financial management, soundness of financial flows. One of the important activities to solve the problem of formation and use of financial resources is to overcome the problem of distrust and lack of public awareness about private pension provision. Conclusion. The urgency of the chosen ways to modernize the pension system of Ukraine is increasing due to the fact that it will concern the improvement not only of the pension insurance system, but also of the entire economic system of Ukraine. After all, it will create additional incentives for the economy to emerge from the shadows, will form a great potential of financial resources that will be directed to investment and economic development of the country.
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Kovaleva, I. V., T. V. Drugova, and N. А. Tingaeva. "INCENTIVING PERSONAL OF BUDGETARY ORGANIZATIONS BASE ON THE USE OF KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS." Economics Profession Business, no. 1 (March 7, 2024): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/epb202406.
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The article discusses issues of motivation and incentives for personnel of budgetary organizations. An analysis of recruiting companies showed that wages are an important incentive to perform work duties, capable of encouraging employees to achieve assigned tasks with high dedication and a focus on productive, efficient work. A well-designed and thoughtful system of personnel incentives has a beneficial effect on the quality and results of the work performed, and promotes creative and professional activity. The main requirements include higher education and (or) professional retraining, work experience in the areas where professional activities are carried out; the absence of outstanding or unexpunged convictions for crimes, as well as the presence of Russian citizenship. Additional requirements for personnel of budgetary organizations include — compliance with the Code of Ethics and Official Conduct of Public Sector Employees, detailed in accordance with the powers of state authorities (state bodies) or local governments provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation. The implementation of key performance indicators in the budgetary sector must be agreed upon with an assessment of the quality of financial management, which will significantly improve the rating of the main managers of budget funds, which has an impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of the activities of government bodies.
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Utepova, Dinara, Raushangul Magzumova, Didar Baidullayeva, and Mohamad Aljofan. "Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation of Clinical Pharmacology Service Efficiency in Terms of Outpatient Drug Supply in Nur-Sultan Medical Organization (Kazakhstan)." Journal of Health Development 4, no. 44 (2021): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32921/2225-9929-2021-4-44-50-61.
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Purpose of the study. Evaluate the clinical pharmacologist's contribution to the rational use of medications at the outpatient level.Methods. Clinical and economic analysis of budgetary expenditures on drugs purchased as part of the Guaranteed amount of free medical care and in the system of mandatory social health insurance (MSHI) for the period from 2019-2021. Assessment of the effectiveness of spending budgetary funds for drugs was conducted using data on the number and cost of drugs purchased to provide outpatient care in the medical organization of Nur-Sultan.Results. A three-year analysis showed a positive trend of a 7.1% decrease in the proportion of spending on unproven drugs (index N) by 2021 compared with the previous year 2020, which was 29.54% of spending on 13 drug items, despite the expansion of lists under insurance medicine. Before the introduction of mandatory social health insurance in 2019, this figure was 8.18% of all outpatient drug coverage costs in the Guaranteed amount of free medical care, indicating an average use of drugs not included in international clinical guidelines.Conclusions. The introduction of clinical pharmacology services into clinical practice has optimized the cost of drug therapy and promoted rational use of medications. The result is a 7.1% decrease in the share of spending on unproven drugs compared to the previous year 2020, which amounted to 29.54% of spending on 13 drugs (index N) not included in the Kazakhstan National Medical Formulary and the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. However, due to the long-term training of clinical pharmacologists, including basic education in therapeutic medicine (6-7 years) and additional education at the level of residency or doctoral studies (2-3 years), there is decreased motivation of clinical pharmacologists to work in budget medical organizations due to the "low" level of wages. Abroad, in particular, this problem was solved by the introduction of clinical pharmacy, where training includes basic pharmaceutical education (4-5 years) with the possibility of additional training at the master's level (1-2 years) and doctoral studies (2-3 years)
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Chirkov, M. S. "Problems of economic effi ciency of state farms in 1940–1952 (based on materials of declassifi ed archive materials)." Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology 29, no. 3 (2023): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-0445-2023-29-3-40-50.
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The article, based on archival sources that have been under the heading of secrecy for many years, analyzes the problems of economic efficiency of Soviet farms (state farms) in the first years after the end of World War II. The huge human and material losses suff ered by agriculture predetermined the diffi culties of the restoration period. Analysis of various statistics showed the following results. The yield of feed, technical and grain crops grew weakly, it was not possible to significantly increase the number of livestock. The increase in wages on state farms was not accompanied by an increase in labor productivity. Despite the improvement in the technical equipment of state farms, it was not possible to achieve the application of the achievements of agronomic science; signifi cant losses were observed in harvesting. The existing system of pricing agricultural products gave rise to a significant difference in the planned and actual cost, which, in turn, exceeded government prices. The most important mechanism for eliminating this discrepancy was the subsidy of state farms at the expense of budgets of different levels. More than 80 % of agricultural enterprises were on state subsidies, of which about 60% of farms had losses that could not even compensate for the allocated funds. At the same time, the state received economic benefi ts from the activities of state farms. The funds allocated to finance the activities of state farms were half as much as the state gained from the sale of agricultural products. Despite certain successes in agricultural production, state farms were unable by the beginning of the 1950-ies to increase labor productivity, significantly increase yields and multiply livestock, actively implement the achievements of agronomic science and rationally use technology.
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Poprozman, Oleksandr, and Olena Opanasenko. "Management of financial resources to optimize enterprise costs." Market Relations Development in Ukraine 140, no. 1(272) (2024): 79–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10837474.
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The subject of the study is the theoretical and methodological foundations of organizational andeconomic approaches to the processes of managing the company’s financial resources in order tooptimize them.The purpose of the study is the systematic theoretical and practical substantiation of theprocesses of managing the company’s financial resources and optimization of the company’s costs,analysis of the processes of formation and use of financial resources.Research methods. The article uses general scientific and special research methods, whileprocessing and analyzing information traditional methods and techniques of economic analysis,planning and forecasting (statistical, tabular, comparison, index, vertical, horizontal, modeling methods,etc.) were used.Results of work. As a result of the conducted research, it was proven that the use of financialresources of the enterprise is carried out in the following directions: current costs for productionand sale of products; investment of funds in capital investment, use of intangible assets; investmentof financial resources in securities; payments to financial and banking systems, contributions toextrabudgetary funds; creation of monetary funds and reserves (for development, encouragement,social development); sponsorship, charitable contributions, etc.The volume of production and its efficiency determine the size, composition and structure of thecompany’s financial resources. In turn, the growth of production and socio–economic developmentof the enterprise depends on the amount of financial resources. The availability of financial resourcesand their effective use determine the financial stability of the enterprise: solvency, liquidity, financialresistance. In this regard, the most important task of the enterprise is the search for reserves toincrease its own financial resources and their most effective use in order to improve the efficiency ofthe enterprise as a whole.The initial data for cost planning are: planned volumes of production, purchase and sale of productsin physical and value terms; norms of consumption of material resources for the implementation of economic activities and calculation of the need for resources in kind; the amount of capital investmentsto ensure the amount of economic activity; norms of labor costs, conditions of payment of labordetermined by the enterprise; economic norms: norms of depreciation deductions, rates of deductionsfor social measures and tax payments, etc.; plans for organizational and technical measures to savematerial assets, improve the use of labor resources and fixed assets.The plan makes it possible to determine the costs of carrying out entrepreneurial activities, that is,to estimate the need for resources, which is the basis for evaluating the effectiveness of investmentsand the basis for concluding on the feasibility of an idea in the field of entrepreneurship.Field of application of results. Economics and management of the national economy at themacroeconomic and microeconomic levels, enterprise finance, financial management, enterprise economy.Conclusions. As a result of the research, taking into account a number of additional factors andnational economic standards, it is possible to determine the costs of the enterprise as a decreasein economic benefits, in the form of the disposal of assets or an increase in liabilities, which lead to adecrease in equity. Enterprise costs at the level of production structural subdivisions appear in theform of production cost of products.Expressed in monetary terms, costs of spent means of production, wages and social measuresconstitute the cost price. In other words, the cost price is the sum of all costs for the creation ofproducts, expressed in monetary terms.The emergence of any entrepreneurial idea should be supported by economic calculations of itsfeasibility regarding the sources of property formation, its use, settlements with employees, ownersand the state, determination of costs, income and profit, assessment of the attractiveness of thebusiness entity. Business activity must be organized in such a way as to cover all expenses and also toobtain a certain profit.In the process of management, the enterprise incurs costs related to the cost of used productionstocks (raw materials, materials, works, services), wages of employees, implemented social measures,wear and tear of non–current tangible and intangible assets. The aggregate costs of living and tangiblelabor for the production of products make up the costs of economic activity of business entities. In thismost abstract sense, production costs are equally characteristic of all socio–economic formations.Effective management requires that the enterprise carries out its activities on the basis of economiccalculation, the main requirement of which is to ensure high production efficiency by creating theappropriate material interest of employees in the results of their work.At the current stage of development of the market economy, the issue of the cost of products andservices should be in the center of attention of all employees of business entities.
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Virtsev, Mikhail Yuryevich. "APPLICATION OF INFORMATION MODELING TECHNOLOGY IN THE FRAMEWORK OF REDUCING THE COST OF CONSTRUCTION OF REAL ESTATE OBJECTS." Scientific Review: Theory and Practice 14, no. 7 (2024): 1262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/2226-0226-2024-14-7-1262-1268.
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Subject. The use of information modeling tools within the framework of organizational and methodological support for the process of reducing the cost of construction of a single real estate object within the framework of saving private and public funds. Purposes. Reduction of the cost of construction of real estate objects as a result of the use of information modeling tools, as well as the development of practical recommendations for the formation of this approach. Methodology. A comparison method has been applied to determine the advantages and disadvantages of methodological approaches to determining the cost of construction. Analysis and synthesis were used to determine the directions of reducing the cost of construction and information modeling functions. Also, when forming the concept of increasing the economic efficiency of investment and construction projects, the abstraction method was used. Abstract-logical method was used to formulate the conclusions of the study. Results. The provisions formed in the work represent practical recommendations and proposals for reducing the cost of construction and improving the mechanism for increasing the economic efficiency of investment and construction projects in the context of public-private partnership. The introduction of information modeling technology into the production process of a construction company contributed to the optimization of its organizational structure. This eventually led to lower wage costs. Conclusions. The analysis of cost reduction directions has demonstrated that generally accepted methods are based on the rationalization of construction production and the use of material and technical resources. But the current pace of development of the industry requires the introduction of modern information technologies to maintain competitiveness in the construction services market and fulfill the main task - careful attitude to the costs of public and private funds, as well as reducing the cost of construction of real estate.
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Romaniuk, Iryna, and Ludmila Levaieva. "Problems and perspectives for the use of human resources potential of agricultural enterprises." University Economic Bulletin, no. 39 (December 20, 2018): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2018-39-44-51.
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The subject of the research is a set of socio-economic relations regarding problems and perspectives of labor resource potential of agrarian enterprises. The purpose of the work is to identify the main problems of population reproduction at the present stage of development of rural areas of Ukraine, employment in general and economically active population, in particular, assessing the scope of informal employment and justifying on this basis the prospects for improving the labor resource potential of agrarian enterprises and managing them. Methodological basis of the article became statistical and mathematical methods of research: absolute and relative values, index, statistical groupings, series of dynamics. The International Labor Organization (ILO) methodology was used to assess employment and unemployment among the main sex and age groups of the population. Results of work. An important condition for successful work of agrarian enterprises and ensuring their productive and resource potential is the security and continuity of their employees. Management of labor resources is one of the main areas of economic activity in agrarian enterprises, the purpose of which is to identify new ones and increase existing sources and reserves for increasing the efficiency of production by increasing its volume with increasing productivity and better use of wages. The urgency of the research of labor resources of agrarian enterprises and their practical solution is compounded by the need to increase employment and reduce unemployment of rural residents, stabilize the labor market in the countryside, stop the depopulation of rural population, and preserve the settlement network of rural areas. The field of application of results. Research results can be used in the activity of agrarian enterprises in order to create new competitive advantages, increase the efficiency of labor resource use and strengthen its competitive position in the market. Conclusions. As in most developed countries, there is a direct correlation between the level of education and the level of economic activity in Ukraine: the higher the level of education, the higher the level of economic activity, the lower the level of education, the greater the gap in the levels of economic activity of rural and urban populations. Formation of effective production-resource potential in agrarian enterprises of Ukraine is possible through the implementation of such a personnel policy, which involves planning of staffing needs, effective use of employees (training, staff development), the use of material incentives and socially oriented motivational mechanisms. A significant reduction in the number of employed rural populations leads to high risks of poverty, vulnerability and social exclusion, which has contributed to the creation of an extremely negative trend in the labor market. To survive under such difficult conditions, the peasants who previously earned funds from collective farms and state farms were forced to engage in growing products for sale or exchange in a personal farm, or to go to work abroad or to Ukrainian cities where the situation on the labor market was more favorable. Only a small percentage of the peasants managed to establish farms, such as those operating in developed countries.
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КОЛОТЫРИН, К. П., А. В. НАЯНОВ, М. В. СИДЕЛЬНИКОВА, and Е. В. БОРОДАСТОВА. "EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF THE WAGE FUND IN AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 11(160) (December 21, 2023): 1317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2023.160.11.250.
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В статье дана оценка эффективности использования фонда оплаты труда в сельскохозяйственных организациях. Выявлены тенденции изменения состава и структуры фонда оплаты труда и их влияние на уровень заработной платы наемных работников. Используя метод группировок, определено влияние соотношения основной оплаты и премий в общем фонде оплаты труда на размер среднемесячной заработной платы наемных работников в агробизнесе. Освещена особенности формирования и эффективного использования фонда оплаты труда в агробизнесе. Проведен анализ показателей, характеризующих эффективность использования фонда оплаты труда в сельскохозяйственных предприятиях. The article provides an assessment of the effectiveness of the use of the wage fund in agricultural organizations. The trends of changes in the composition and structure of the wage fund and their impact on the wage level of employees are revealed. Using the grouping method, the influence of the ratio of basic pay and bonuses in the general wage fund on the average monthly salary of employees in agribusiness was determined. The features of the formation and effective use of the wage fund in agribusiness are highlighted. The analysis of indicators characterizing the effectiveness of the use of the wage fund in agricultural enterprises is carried out.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Efficiency of use of funds for wages"
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Шеременко, М. А. "Облік, аудит та аналіз розрахунків з оплати праці на прикладі ВП «Вокзал станції Одеса - Головна»". Thesis, Одеський національний економічний університет, 2020. http://dspace.oneu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/12407.
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У роботі розглядаються теоретичні аспекти розрахунків з оплати праці, їх класифікація та оцінка, організаційно-методичні засади обліку та аудиту використання коштів на оплату праці. Проаналізовано економічний стан ВП «Вокзал станції Одеса - Головна», діючий стан обліку та аудиту розрахунків з оплати праці та встановлено, що облік ведеться у відповідності до чинного законодавства та облікової політики підприємства, проте потребує деяких вдосконалень.
Запропоновано зменшити кількість первинної документації шляхом налаштування програм обчислюваної техніки на формування накопичувальних, тижневих (або місячних) типових міжвідомчих форм документів; удосконалювати систему персоніфікованих ставок та окладів, в залежності від кваліфікації працівників з метою підвищення продуктивності праці; своєчасно оновлювати дані у системі автоматизованого обліку «FOBOS». Використана методика аналізу дозволила виявити, що найбільш актуальним для підвищення ефективності використання факторів праці підприємства є збільшення числа висококваліфікованих фахівців.<br>The paper considers the theoretical aspects of payroll calculations, their classification and evaluation, organizational and methodological principles of accounting and auditing the use of funds for wages. The economic condition of SE "Odessa - Main Station", the current state of accounting and audit of payroll and analyzed that the accounting is conducted in accordance with applicable law and accounting policies of the enterprise, but needs some improvements.
It is proposed to reduce the amount of primary documentation by setting up computer programs for the formation of cumulative, weekly (or monthly) standard interagency forms of documents; to improve the system of personalized rates and salaries, depending on the qualifications of employees in order to increase productivity; timely update data in the automated accounting system "FOBOS". The used method of analysis allowed to reveal that the most actual for increase of efficiency of use of factors of work of the enterprise is increase in number of highly skilled experts.
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Бахишева, Н. В. "Банківські ресурси: формування та ефективне використання". Thesis, Одеський національний економічний університет, 2020. http://dspace.oneu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/12340.
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У роботі розглядаються теоретичні основи формування та використання
банківських ресурсів; досліджені поняття, структура та джерела формування
банківських ресурсів; надана характеристика ресурсної політики як інструменту
управління процесом залучення фінансових ресурсів банку; розглянуті методи
оцінки ефективності використання банківських ресурсів.
Проаналізовано сучасні аспекти формування ресурсної бази банку в сучасних
умовах; надана оцінка достатності власного капіталу банку; досліджений склад та
динаміки запозичених коштів банку; зроблений аналіз депозитного портфелю як
джерела фінансових ресурсів банку.
Запропоновано напрями ефективного використання фінансових ресурсів
банку; надана комплексна оцінка оптимального використання депозитних та
недепозитних джерел банківських ресурсів; зроблено моделювання впливу факторів
клієнтського капіталу на доходи банків.<br>Diploma thesis deals with the theoretical foundations of the formation and use of
banking resources; the concept, structure and sources of the formation of banking
resources are investigated; the characteristic of the resource policy as a tool for managing
the process of attracting financial resources of the bank is given; the methods of assessing
the efficiency of using bank resources are considered.
The modern aspects of the formation of the resource base of the bank in modern
conditions are analyzed; an assessment of the bank's equity adequacy is provided; studied
the composition and dynamics of borrowed funds of the bank; the analysis of the deposit
portfolio as a source of financial resources of the bank is made.
The directions of effective use of financial resources of the bank are offered; a
comprehensive assessment of the optimal use of deposit and non-deposit sources of bank
resources; modeling of influence of factors of the client capital on incomes of banks is
made.
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Прийомова, Альона Юріївна. "Формування системи податкового та фінансового обліку основних засобів і аналіз їх використання на ТОВ «Порошкові фарби України»". Магістерська робота, 2020. https://dspace.znu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/12345/2326.
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Прийомова А. Ю. Формування системи податкового та фінансового обліку основних засобів і аналіз їх використання на ТОВ «Порошкові фарби України» : кваліфікаційна робота магістра спеціальності 071 «Облік і оподаткування» / наук. керівник А. П. Макаренко. Запоріжжя : ЗНУ, 2020. 132 с.<br>UA : Досліджено теоретичні основи обліку та аналізу ефективності використання основних засобів. Показано облік основних засобів на ТОВ «Порошкові фарби України». Проаналізовано фінансовий стан ТОВ «Порошкові фарби України». Проведено аналіз ефективності використання основних засобів
на ТОВ «Євро Авангард». Розроблені шляхи щодо удосконалення обліку та аналізу ефективності використання основних засобів на ТОВ «Порошкові фарби України».<br>EN : The theoretical bases of accounting and analysis of the efficiency of the use of fixed assets are investigated. An account of fixed assets at Powder Paints of Ukraine LLC is shown. The financial status of Powder Paints of Ukraine LLC is analyzed. The analysis of the efficiency of use of fixed assets at Euro Avangard LLC. Ways to improve the accounting and analysis of the efficiency of the use of fixed assets at LLC "Powder Paints of Ukraine" were developed.
Books on the topic "Efficiency of use of funds for wages"
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Virginia. Commission to Study Efficiency in the Use of Public Education Funds., ed. Report of the Commission to Study Efficiency in the Use of Public Education Funds to the Governor and the General Assembly of Virginia. Commonwealth of Virginia, 1990.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Rules. Providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 4785) to amend the miscellaneous rural development provisions of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 to authorize the Secretary of Agriculture to make loans to certain entities that will use the funds to make loans to consumers to implement energy efficiency measures involving structural improvements and investments in cost-effective, commercial off-the-shelf technologies to reduce home energy use: Report (to accompany H. Res. 1620). U.S. G.P.O., 2010.
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Office, General Accounting. VA health care: Status of efforts to improve efficiency and access : report to the chairman, Subcommitte on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies, Committee on Appropriations, U.S. Senate. The Office, 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Efficiency of use of funds for wages"
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Klychova, Guzaliya, Alsou Zakirova, Regina Nurieva, Rashida Sungatullina, Elena Klinova, and Evgenia Petrova. "Internal Management Reporting on Efficiency of Budget Funds Use." In International Scientific Conference Energy Management of Municipal Facilities and Sustainable Energy Technologies EMMFT 2019. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57450-5_63.
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Zakirova, Alsou, Guzaliya Klychova, Regina Nurieva, Almaz Nigmetzyanov, Evgenia Zaugarova, and Ullah Raheem. "Internal Control of Efficiency of Use of Budgetary Funds." In International Scientific Conference Energy Management of Municipal Facilities and Sustainable Energy Technologies EMMFT 2019. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57453-6_10.
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Stelea, Nicoleta, and Gavrilă Calefariu. "Analysis, Efficiency Methods and Results of the Use of Funds for the Financing of SMEs in the Brașov Medical Industry." In The 17th International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54671-6_4.
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Henriques, Carla, and Clara Viseu. "Are ERDF Devoted to Boosting ICT in SMEs Inefficient? Further Insights Through the Joint Use of DEA with SFA Models." In Springer Proceedings in Political Science and International Relations. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18161-0_3.
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AbstractWe employ a three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model coupled with Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) by using data made freely available by the European Commission, to evaluate the procedural efficiency of 51 OPs from 16 countries committed to fostering the adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in small mid-sized enterprises (SMEs). We depart from the results obtained in the previous Chapter with two DEA models, specifically the Slack Based-Measure (SBM) and the Weighted Russel Directional Distance (WRDD) model. Firstly, we adjust the input and output factors through the SFA by removing the influence of environmental factors and statistical noise. Secondly, we instantiate the previous DEA models with adjusted factors, to compute new efficiency factors. All in all, we observed that by removing these contextual effects, nearly 27% of the OPs (14) vs. 30% of the OPs (16) using the SBM and the WRDD approaches, respectively, achieved efficient procedural outcomes, compared to 20 percent (10) without the consideration of these factors. The OP “Multi-regional Spain - ERDF” is commonly considered a benchmark regardless of the model and contextual environment. The ‘number of operations supported’ is the measure that necessitates more consideration, with or without the elimination of environmental factors, irrespective of the DEA model used. Our findings imply that more developed areas with a higher number of ICT specialists tend to have lower use of ERDF funds committed to promoting ICT adoption in SMEs. These findings might be attributable to administrative practices and SMEs’ failure to manage the complicated technicalities involved in submitting and executing European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) project proposals. As a result, it is critical to provide the extra help that reduces managerial requirements while also meeting the demands of SMEs.
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Devarajan, Shantayanan. "How to Use Oil Revenues Efficiently." In Institutions and Macroeconomic Policies in Resource-Rich Arab Economies. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198822226.003.0008.
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Oil-rich countries systematically misallocate public expenditures relative to non-oil countries—by favoring consumption over capital, and within consumption, inefficient subsidies and public sector wages over targeted transfers. Furthermore, for given levels of expenditure, value for money is considerably less in oil-rich countries. This chapter argues that the reason for this inefficiency is that oil revenues go directly to the government without passing through the hands of the citizens, as is the case with tax revenues. As a result, governments in oil countries are less accountable for public expenditure, which leads to inefficient spending. To improve public spending efficiency, we propose that all oil revenues be distributed directly to citizens, and the resources that government needs be raised through taxation. We show that such a scheme improves the efficiency of public spending. We consider possible obstacles to such a reform and show that they have been overcome by technology, politics, and global events.
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Radionov, Yurii. "BUDGET PLANNING AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN ENSURING ECONOMIC GROWTH." In Transformation of the Economy, Finance and Management in a Pandemic: the Development of Digital Technologies. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-108-4-8.
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Budget planning is an important tool for effective management and use of budget funds. Given the limited financial resources, budget planning prevents waste, promotes economical use of budget funds, and the public administration system to fairly allocate financial resources to priority areas of economic, social, regional policy, to form a basis for sustainable economic development. The purpose of the study is to reveal the essence of budget planning as a tool for economic growth, highlight the existing problems in the budget planning system of Ukraine and find ways to improve and develop it. The study has found that in the structure of inefficient use of budget funds, a significant share falls on budget violations committed by participants in the budget process due to shortcomings in planning and lack of sound forecasting and planning. Thus, insufficiently effective budget planning is one of the reasons for inefficient management and use of budget funds. As a result, there is a causal link between the problems of budget planning and effective management and use of budget funds, which affects the dynamics of economic growth, the solution of socio-economic issues. It is noted that the program-target method in modern conditions is a reliable lever to influence the efficiency and effectiveness of budget expenditures, which strengthens the budget’s ability to form the basis of economic growth, as well as positively affects the effectiveness of fiscal policy in ensuring the welfare of citizens.
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Tretiak, Diana. "IMPROVEMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE NON-GOVERNMENTAL PENSION INSURANCE IN UKRAINE." In Theoretical and practical aspects of science development. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-355-2-9.
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Private pension funds are a crucial tool for accumulating old age provision; through trust management, they collect insured persons' cash deposits in the country's economy to enhance them further. It is worth noting that the necessity to enhance the pension system in Ukraine is significant in today's world. The purpose of the study is to identify areas for improvement of the non-state pension insurance system in Ukraine based on foreign experience and to consider a model for the effectiveness of pension saving. Research methods are based on a system of general and specific scientific methods that allow an objective and comprehensive analysis of the subject under study. To define key concepts, categories and techniques of formal logic are used (concept, definition, proof and refutation, judgement, synthesis, analogy, comparison, generalisation), observation, graphic methods. Results. An analysis of world experience has shown that private pension funds play an important role in the smooth functioning of financial markets (debt market, partial financing market). Increasing the wealth of institutional investors helps to replace short-term financing sources with long-term ones and to reduce market investment risks. Non-state pension funds as agents are less susceptible to changes in market behaviour and can increase the stability of the pension system and the Ukrainian financial market. Practical value. The use of non-state pension funds to develop an effective innovation, marketing and risk management strategy aimed at increasing the competitiveness of integrated financial services and their interaction in general. Value/оriginality. It is revealed due to the need for an integrated approach to the analysis of similar non-state pension insurance systems in other countries with the identification of positive and negative results in this area, the development of a new model of non-state pension insurance.
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Kaur, Gurpreet, and Aadheesh. "Application of Blockchain for Sustaining Green Finance." In Perspectives on Blockchain Technology and Responsible Investing. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-8361-9.ch011.
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Green finance is an important source for raising necessary funds for preserving/conserving the environment through developments of green projects. It is a loan raised especially for environmentally friendly activities such as biodiversity financing, optimum use of natural resources, etc. Prudent use of green finance attracts the use of digitized technologies which will facilitate prosperous accomplishment of environmental projects. One of the primary and significant digitized technology is blockchain. Further, it ensures effective monitoring of environmental projects, enhances transparency and accountability, and minimizes greenwashing risk. The bank for international settlement (BIS) has stressed blockchain for bringing transparency in usage of green finance thereby improving efficiency. Thus, the present study is an attempt to have insights on the use of blockchain for streamlining green finance. The study proposes the use of digitalized technologies for supporting and promoting green finance.
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Challa, Srinivasa Rao. "Navigating regulatory challenges in artificial intelligence-driven finance while maintaining compliance and trust." In The Digital Future of Finance and Wealth Management with Data and Intelligence. Deep Science Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70593/978-93-49910-98-0_9.
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Financial markets have a long storied history of being some of the earliest adopters of emerging technologies, with the introduction of the telegraph allowing for faster access to trading information providing more equal participating conditions to traders and thus increasing market efficiency. The invention of the computer brought about a whole new era in algorithmic trading which has been around in some form as early as the mid-1970s. With the rise of algo-trading, and the associated efficiency gains derived from it, traders started to search for more complex market signals that computers could better decipher than the human brain, allowing for even speedier arbitraging of mis-pricings acrhaving the ability to decode and analyze them to supplement established trading strategies seemed a holy grail moment for quantitative traders (Bisht et al., 2022; Boute et al., 2022; Kim et al., 2022). Not surprisingly, the floodgates opened to a plethora of AI-driven hedge funds and trading firms attracting untold amounts of capital, with many of the corporates focused on a certain level of secrecy around their operations. However, the use of AI tools and the underlying data has since burst the bubble and democratized hedge fund trading as alternative investment products become open to institutional and retail investors alike. These developments have allowed for further scrutiny into the pitfalls of lack of regulation and oversight on these funds. Using the classical financial formulation of creating alpha through active investment management, this paper will analyze the AI-involving driving forces within the financial industry, ranging from high-frequency trading, risk management, quantitative asset management, robo-advisors, sovereign credit rating, to the credit credit sector, crowdsourcing, and AI-specific funds.
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Dimitrijevic, Marina. "Contemporary Methods of Budget Planning." In Law in the process of globalisation. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/lawpg.583d.
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The quality methods of budget planning are an essential part of contemporary concepts on which should be based budget process. The question of innovation of these methods is, therefore, quite actual and it is located in the focus of the author of the study. Improving the processes to increase efficiency and rationality of budgetary decisions is a permanent requirement that arising from the need to seriously address the problem in solving excessive public spending, as the main generator of crises. At the same time, the states should reduce the space for bringing short-term and isolated decisions on budgetary funds spending, without considering the real effects of their use. It is indisputable that the public sector should be more effective and in that regard, in most developed budgetary systems, is gradually improved a method of budget planning. Line-item (incremental) budgeting, as a simpler, more established and a routine method of allocation and use of budgetary funds is withheld in most budget systems. However, are visible shifts in the direction of the introduction of programme budgeting and performance budgeting, as advanced methods of budget planning.
Conference papers on the topic "Efficiency of use of funds for wages"
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Japarova, Damira. "Migration of Medical Workers in the Kyrgyz Republic: Causes and Consequences." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c16.02924.
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According to the Ministry of Health, about 36% of specialists in the healthcare system are people of retirement age. In Kyrgyzstan, 1.5 thousand doctors left hospitals over the past year. More and more young specialists are leaving to work in private clinics or going abroad. Many specialists are leaving the country for Russia. The main motive for the migration of medical workers in Kyrgyzstan is to increase the level of wages in the Russian Federation. Despite the significant increase in wages over the past two years, the level of wages in Kyrgyzstan remains relatively low. In this regard, fashionable specialists with medical education are not particularly interested in working in the Republic and the process of migration of medical workers continues. In the Kyrgyz Republic, the only source of remuneration in the public health care system is funds from the wage fund. Payment of guaranteed and additional wages is carried out from the consolidated budget of the Single Payer in accordance with the regulations on wages and the legislative system of the Kyrgyz Republic. In order to determine the size of the wage fund in inpatient settings, last year's costs for the treated case are taken. Treatment of patients is carried out in accordance with standards, and the minimum treatment costs are selected from several alternatives. It is proposed to use legalized paid services as sources of motivation, the proceeds from which should remain in the hospital or clinic as an additional source of remuneration. Such a system remuneration of medical workers will become a factor in reducing migration in the labor market of medical workers.
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Болотнова, Евгения Александровна, and Юрий Алексеевич Горулько. "EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF BUDGETARY FUNDS FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE FIELD OF HIGH TECHNOLOGIES." In Проблемы управления качеством образования: сборник статей LI международной научно-методической конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Май 2024). Crossref, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/240529.2024.62.28.005.
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В данной статье поднимается вопрос об эффективности использования бюджетных средств, в сфере финансирования высоких технологий. В пример приведены достижения в медицине, а так же технологий. This article raises the question of the effectiveness of the use of budgetary funds in the field of financing high technologies. The example shows advances in medicine, as well as technology.
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Lotko, Ewa. "Method of Incurring Public Expenditure in Relation to New Public Procurement Legislation in Poland." In The XX International Scientific Conference "Functioning of Investments Financed from State Resources and from Other Sources in The Countries of Central And Eastern Europe". Temida 2, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/ipf.2022.10.
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The aim of this paper is to discuss new legal solutions whose implementation may contribute to spending public funds in a targeted and cost-effective manner, obtaining the best effects from the given outlay. This article tries to answer the question whether the new Public procurement law facilitates effective spending of public funds. The conducted analysis includes legal provisions, work of the doctrine as well as data published by the Polish Public Procurement Office. A legal-dogmatic method is the main research method in this paper. The analysis conducted here allows to state that the principle of efficiency under Public procurement law should guarantee spending funds in a targeted and cost-effective manner with maintaining rules arising from the Act on public finance. Therefore, the actions of the legislator connected with the implementation of the new legal legislation on awarding public procurement which promotes greater care for efficient use of public funds should be assessed positively.
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KOBIAŁKA, Anna, and Renata KUBIK. "EFFICIENCY OF THE INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF POLISH COMMUNES IN RURAL AREAS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.207.
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The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the efficiency of investment activity in the communes in Poland. The commune is a basic unit of local government in Poland, and rural and urban-rural communes constitute the vast majority of municipalities. Communes in their own name and on their own account carry out public tasks that cover all tasks of local interest, including technical and environmental infrastructure. Despite many researches on the efficiency of communes, there are no studies on selected activities as well as on rural areas only. The nonparametric method of technical efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used in the study. The inputs and the effects of investment activity of rural and urban-rural communes in 2007-2013 were compared. This period was related to the duration of EU support programs. The study was conducted on the basis of data from the Local Data Bank which is Poland's largest database of the economy, society and the environment. The ranking of investment activity for communes were made based of the calculated average for indicators of efficiency. The studies conducted show that the amount of expenditure incurred on the studied spheres of investment activity of the analyzed communes does not translate into their efficiency. This is connected with the possibility of obtaining additional funds from EU. Information on the use of EU funds for financing the municipal investments were not included in the study due to lack of data before 2010. Among the analyzed rural and urban-rural communes the most efficient ones were located in the Mazowieckie, Świętokrzyskie and Lubelskie voivodships, although they were not fully efficient throughout the considered period. Due to its closeness to the capital, the municipality of Mazowieckie voivodeship belongs to an area with a high degree of urbanization. Communes from the Świętokrzyskie and Lubelskie voivodships belong to regions characterized by a high share of rural areas. The dynamic development of infrastructure is extremely important in terms of divergence between regions of the country.
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Kulba, V. V., and V. O. Sirotyuk. "FORMAL METHODS FOR ASSESSING DATA AVAILABILITY WHEN CREATING INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS IN TRANSPORT." In Intelligent transport systems. Russian University of Transport, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/9785002446094-2024-195-200.
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Requirements are formulated to improve the efficiency of information support for business processes of innovation when creating intelligent systems in transport. The goals and objectives of constructing digital information funds of innovation activities (DIFIA), efficiency criteria and quality indicators of the formation, use and development of databases (DB) of patent, scientific and technical information of DIFIA are considered. Methods are proposed for assessing the accessibility indicator of the DIFIA DB data for various options for solving classes of functional problems of users and developers of intelligent systems in transport.
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Japarova, Damira. "Improving Efficiency of the Healthcare System of the Kyrgyz Republic." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c15.02840.
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 The constant increase in health care costs associated with the emergence of new medical technologies and medicines is a general trend for all countries. Kyrgyzstan spends less than 4% of its gross domestic product on healthcare. Unlike other branches of the national economy, the results of various health care activities, its services and programs are analyzed from the standpoint of social, medical, and economic efficiency, among which medical efficiency is a priority. With regard to health care, there are three types of efficiency: social; medical; economic. Without evaluating the results of medical and social efficiency, economic efficiency cannot be determined. The effectiveness of health care depends on the correct distribution and use of limited resources. In the Kyrgyz Republic, a significant part of financial resources is spent at the level of inpatient care, compared to primary healthcare organizations. An analysis of the structure of the use of financial resources shows that the share of funds allocated for drug provision of patients is insignificant and is shifted to patients. Most of the resources allocated to healthcare organizations are spent on salaries of medical workers. As a result of the analysis, a conclusion is made about the need to increase the motivation of primary health care workers. JEL Code I18 G28 I1
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Dzidziguri, Natalia. "Delegated Functions of Municipalities and Mechanisms for Their Implementation as an Important Element of Institutional Development (Using the Example of Adjara)." In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.17.
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Local government must be ready to perform more functions with proper funding, in order to carry out effective management in the presence of a qualified government mechanism. The municipality must use all resources to increase its own income and, ultimately, position itself at the appropriate level in relations with the authorities. Georgia has the potential to develop modern, inclusive, transparent and citizen-focused local government. It is advisable to optimize the work of organizations created by the municipality and rationally manage budget funds. Increasing the economic efficiency of delegated authority is the cornerstone of successful public administration. Article in Georgian.
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Kubíková, Martina, and Martin Pělucha. "Význam, potenciál a limity sledování digitální výkonnosti regionů: Příklad ČR." In XXV. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách. Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0068-2022-16.
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The paper focuses on the evaluation of mainstreaming of the availability of statistical indicators and their use in the design of the national and regional development strategies. Although a large amount of funds (from the EU structural funds and new instruments, e. g. National Recovery Plans or the process of Just Transition in coal regions) is being invested in the development of the digital economy. The question is the effectiveness and efficiency of the expenditure and the reflection of the real needs of regional and local entities. The analysis of key documents for regional development of the Czech Republic (i.e. the Regional Development Strategy 21+ and the development strategies of the regions) showed that these strategies reflect the area of digitalization only to a limited extent, which is due to the sectoral concept of digitalization within the national Digital Czechia Strategy under the Ministry of Industry and Trade. The consequence is a weak reflection of the territorial dimension of this topic and a lack of adequate data at the regional level. According to these findings, the authors point to a dichotomy between the set implementation system of interventions for digitalization and minimal reflection on monitoring and creation of contextual statistical indicators for assessing the progress of digitalization at the regional level (especially by the Czech Statistical Office). The paper concludes by arguing for the need to increase funding for the necessary changes and to expand the monitoring and statistical coverage of digitisation in the Czech Republic.
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Filatov, E. A., and M. M. Guseva. "Analysis of the Efficiency of the Use of Assets of the Electronic Industry in Russia." In International scientific and practical conference “Smart cities and sustainable development of regions” (SMARTGREENS 2024). Crossref, 2025. https://doi.org/10.63550/iceip.2025.1.1.122.
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Relevance. Attracting investments is a necessary condition for the development of any industry. In recent years, the electronic industry has become an industry of paramount importance in the face of increased sanctions. Its connection with the military-industrial complex, sub-branches of mechanical engineering and other fields of activity determines its importance, the need for development and support at the state level. However, in addition to the planned budget funds, private investments are no less important for it. Currently, among the largest producers in the industry, there are relatively new companies created exclusively at the expense of private investors, including foreign ones. Due to the increasing role of this industry and more active state support, the relevance of its analysis increases. The most important indicator of economic efficiency is the return on assets, which shows the return on invested capital. Goal. The author's 3-factor models of the profitability of current and non-current assets allow us to determine which factors caused the change in profitability. The object of the study is the electronic industry of Russia. Methods. The article describes 10 methods of factor analysis by Filatov E.A., which make it possible to make an accessible and relatively simple conclusion about changes in the financial position of the object of study, as well as to assess the degree of influence of factors on changes in the studied indicator. This article consolidates knowledge in the field of the theory of economic analysis, the acquisition of skills in applying methods of modeling factor systems, assessing the impact of quantitative and qualitative factors on indicators characterizing the results of financial and economic activities and their effectiveness. Results. The methods of factor analysis presented in the article developed by Filatov E.A. in comparison with the most common traditional methods can reduce the complexity by several iterations by entering the author's comparative coefficients. In addition, the author's methods of deterministic factor analysis complement the process of cognition of the functioning of economic systems, revealing the existing economic patterns and objectively existing cause-and-effect relationships between the phenomena of economic life. Conclusions. This publication analyzes the return on assets in general for manufacturers of computers, electronic and optical products of the Russian Federation. This type of activity is the most profitable compared to other manufacturing industries. In recent years, the indicators of return on assets, for the real industry as a whole, have been unstable. Their variation may be the result of changes in the profit received and/or the total value of assets, which in turn also depend on a variety of external and internal factors.
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Mhlongo, Thobani, Lizette De Wet, and Silas Verkijika. "Determining the user experience and continuance use of a mobile application and an online portal." In 10th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies (IHIET 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004048.
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The increasing number of users with access to the internet, computers, and mobile devices propels most institutions to avail their services through online portals and mobile applications. However, there are instances where users underutilise or completely opt out of these platforms. This is a cause for concern since funds are invested in their development, with the anticipated return on investment. Against this backdrop, this study aimed to compare the user experience and continuance use of a mobile application and online portal for an organization in South Africa. This single case study followed an explanatory sequential design, where the initial phase consisted of data collection using a self-administered questionnaire. For the second phase, the data was collected using an interview protocol. The results established that the study participants had a positive experience with the online portal but not so much with the mobile application. The contributing factors to the online portal's positive user experience were its efficiency, attractiveness, perspicuity, dependability, novelty, and stimulation. The interview results corroborated the quantitative results, as participants indicated overall positive experiences with the online portal. In contrast, participants had negative experiences with the mobile application, citing its limited features and lack of user-friendliness, understandability, and learnability. Regarding continuance use, the quantitative and qualitative results suggested that participants were keen to use the online portal in the future. However, the quantitative results for the mobile application indicated no participant interest in using the mobile application again in future, despite the interview results indicating otherwise. Participants identified improvement in efficiency and visual appeal as conditions for their future re-use of the mobile application.
Reports on the topic "Efficiency of use of funds for wages"
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Cueva Armijos, Simón. Ecuador: Fiscal Stabilization Funds and Prospects. Inter-American Development Bank, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011387.
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Amongst a favorable economic environment, Ecuador's exceptional oil revenues have bolstered fiscal accounts. Several legal changes have created or modified funds or accounts aimed at saving, earmarking, or using oil-related revenues. This paper discusses oil-related fiscal policies, stabilization funds, and options in Ecuador. It reviews existing schemes, describes fiscal trends and underlying vulnerabilities, and offers trends and prospects for the oil-related funds and fiscal accounts. Assessing the weaknesses of the fiscal stabilization framework, it offers suggestions for improving efficiency in the use of exceptional fiscal revenues. It calls for enforceable fiscal responsibility rules, an enhanced accountability for oil revenues and the budget process, market mechanisms to hedge against oil price volatility, and a strengthened planning and prioritization of public investment.
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Ngo, Frances Lois, Vicente Alberto Puyat, George Douglas Siton, and Miharu Jay Kimwell. Efficiency and Effectiveness of Earmarking for Public Health in the Philippines. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62986/pn2023.08.
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The Sin Tax Reform Act of 2012 and its amendments aim to increase revenue for public health spending and reduce tobacco smoking and alcohol use. This Policy Note evaluates the performance of sin tax allocations for the public health sector. It finds significant increases in the budget allocations for public health programs since the law was enacted, but this did not necessarily lead to improved outcomes and spending capacity. Hence, implementing agencies should be more strategic in requesting, allocating, and utilizing funds to address service coverage gaps. Moreover, the quality of program performance indicators must be reviewed to evaluate the effectiveness of earmarking to achieve target outcomes. The criteria for implementing public health programs should also be revisited to improve equity and ensure that poverty incidence is considered in determining access to these programs.
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Allegretto, Sylvia A., and Dave Graham-Squire. Monopsony in Professional Labor Markets: Hospital System Concentration and Nurse Wages. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp197.
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Rolling waves of consolidation have significantly decreased the number of hospital systems in the U.S. potentially affecting industry quality, prices, efficiency, wages and more. This research concerns the growth in hospital system consolidation in local labor markets and its effect on registered nurse wages. We first use a nonparametric preprocessing data step via matching methods to define MSA-specific samples of workers analogous to nurses outside of the hospital sector. This step enables an accounting of heterogeneous MSA-specific baseline wage growth, and yields a standardized measure of nurse wage growth across MSAs used to set up a multi-site quasi-experiment. We then run a parsimonious linear model; market size matters, for every 0.1 increase in consolidation in smaller-MSAs, real hourly nurse wage growth decreased by $0.70 (p-value of 0.038). Though not the primary aim of this study, a secondary finding is that real hourly wages for nurses grew less than that of comparable workers by $4.08.
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Arráiz, Irani, Marcela Meléndez Arjona, and Rodolfo Stucchi. Partial Credit Guarantees and Firm Performance: Evidence from the Colombian National Guarantee Fund. Inter-American Development Bank, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011418.
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This paper studies the effect of government-backed partial credit guarantees on firms' performance. These guarantees are automatically granted to firms without enough collateral in order to lift their credit constraints. We put together a panel, covering the period 1997-2007, that combines data from DANE's Annual Manufacturing Survey; DIAN's export and import information; and firm-level records from the National Guarantee Fund (NGF), the government agency in charge of implementing this policy. Using propensity score matching and difference-in-differences, we found that firms that gain access to credit backed by the NGF are able to grow in terms of both output and employment. However, we did not find any effect on productivity, wages, or investment. These results suggest that firms use the new funds as working capital to grow their businesses rather than for investment in new durable goods that increase their capital stock.
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Nakasone, Eduardo, Lorena Alcázar, and Máximo Torero. Provision of Public Services and Welfare of the Poor: Learning from an Incomplete Electricity Privatization Process in Rural Peru. Inter-American Development Bank, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011287.
Full textAbstract:
The incomplete privatization of the electric sector in Peru provides a unique scenario for evaluating the impact of public versus private provision. The results in this paper suggest that management of electricity firms by the private sector leads to a significant improvement in the quality of the provision of electricity. These improvements in quality and supply of electricity provision yield some efficiency gains in terms of the time allocation of the working labor force that can be directly linked to the use of electricity. Rural households under private provision of electricity had more opportunities to work in non-farm activities, and as a result, the share of time in non-farm activities increased, indicating both a substitution effect and a potential price effect through higher non-farm wages.
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Loecker, Florian, Amanah Ramadiah, Kimmo Soramäki, and Will Towning. Building Robust Anti-Fraud & Scam Capabilities at the National Level. FNA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.69701/ektb6000.
Full textAbstract:
The introduction of instant payment systems around the world has accelerated in recent years. There are now over 80 instant payment systems globally, with more than 35 being launched in the last five years and eight currently being built. These systems bring unprecedented speed and efficiency to payments markets, with greater convenience for consumers. However, faster payments also means faster fraud. For example, in Hong Kong, the volume of fraud cases more than doubled in the four years following the introduction of the Faster Payment Service in 2018. Authorized Push Payments (APP) fraud losses - a form of fraud in which victims are manipulated into making instant payments to fraudsters - are expected to climb to $5.25 billion across the US, UK, and India by 2026. Fraudsters use complex and sophisticated transaction schemes that span across banks to conceal the destination of fraudulently acquired funds. This means that no bank has full visibility of this network with their own payments data alone. It also means that standard rules and statistical approaches to fraud detection and prevention based on siloed bank-level data are limited in their effectiveness as they fail to fully capture the network dimension. We argue that the problem can only be efficiently addressed by capturing the full network, including cross-bank payment flows. This can be done by collating payments data into a central data hub that enables: The tracing and tracking of the fund movements in real time, allowing banks to recover funds for victims and identify new mule accounts and schemes faster, as well as reduce the cost of doing so. More accurate methods for fraud detection and risk scoring that employ graph features of the data. Risk scores and features to be provided to banks in real-time via APIs to improve their own fraud models and enable them to make more accurate and faster decisions on stopping fraudulent payments.
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Office of Institutional Integrity Annual Report 2008. Inter-American Development Bank, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005709.
Full textAbstract:
In 2008, the Office of Institutional Integrity (OII) entered its fifth year of operation. OII is an independent unit of the Inter-American Development Bank Group (IDB or Bank Group). During 2008 OII¿s responsibilities for supporting internal integrity efforts have diminished. In 2007, the Bank created an internal Ethics Office and hired an Ethics Officer. OII¿s externally-focused efforts have increased. In the past year, the Office responded to an ever-growing number of inquiries and completed 150 investigations. This was the second year in which the Bank Group made this list public. Disclosing sanctions is one of the mechanisms that reinforces the Bank Group¿s message that it will deal severely with those responsible for the misuse of funds and failure to comply with its anti-corruption policies. Additionally, OII improved the efficiency and effectiveness of its use of human, technological and knowledge-based resources in its investigative processes. In 2008, there was also significant progress in the area of prevention. OII continued to support the Institutional Capacity of State Division. Particular attention was directed to identifying and implementing initiatives under the Anti-corruption Activities Trust Fund (AAF).