Journal articles: 'EFMR'

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Purgold, I., J. Seidel, G. Skirl, U. Brandl, A. Abicht, E. Holinski-Feder, and I. Graneß. "Frühkindliche Epilepsie: Epilepsy Female restricted with Mental Retardation (EFMR)." Kinder- und Jugendmedizin 12, no. 06 (2012): 371–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1629310.

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ZusammenfassungBerichtet wird über ein inzwischen 3 Jahre altes Mädchen, das erstmals im Alter von 5 Monaten epileptische Anfälle zeigte. Diese liefen zunächst als Halbseitenanfälle rechts und ohne Fieber ab. Im Verlauf traten dann etwa alle 4–6 Wochen nahezu eigengesetzlich clusterhaft generalisierte tonisch-klonische Anfälle auf, die zum Teil auch durch Fieber getriggert wurden. Durch Einsatz verschiedener Antikonvulsiva (Carbamazepin, Oxcarbazepin, Valproat, Levetirazetam, Brom, Phenobarbital) konnte bisher nur eine Anfallsreduktion erreicht werden. Differenzialdiagnostisch wurden u. a. ein Watanabe-und Dravet-Syndrom ausgeschlossen. Erst die Untersuchung des PCDH19-Gens ergab den Nachweis einer krankheitsverursachenden Mutation, sodass damit die Diagnose EFMR gestellt werden konnte.

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Cooper, Edward C. "The Cadherin Superfamily and Epileptogenesis: End of the Beginning?" Epilepsy Currents 9, no. 3 (April 24, 2009): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1535-7511.2009.01302.x.

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X-Linked Protocadherin 19 Mutations Cause Female-Limited Epilepsy and Cognitive Impairment. Dibbens LM, Tarpey PS, Hynes K, Bayly MA, Scheffer IE, Smith R, Bomar J, Sutton E, Vandeleur L, Shoubridge C, Edkins S, Turner SJ, Stevens C, O'Meara S, Tofts C, Barthorpe S, Buck G, Cole J, Halliday K, Jones D, Lee R, Madison M, Mironenko T, Varian J, West S, Widaa S, Wray P, Teague J, Dicks E, Butler A, Menzies A, Jenkinson A, Shepherd R, Gusella JF, Afawi Z, Mazarib A, Neufeld MY, Kivity S, Lev D, Lerman-Sagie T, Korczyn AD, Derry CP, Sutherland GR, Friend K, Shaw M, Corbett M, Kim HG, Geschwind DH, Thomas P, Haan E, Ryan S, McKee S, Berkovic SF, Futreal PA, Stratton MR, Mulley JC, Gecz J. Nat Genetics 2008;40(6):776–781. Epilepsy and mental retardation limited to females (EFMR) is a disorder with an X-linked mode of inheritance and an unusual expression pattern. Disorders arising from mutations on the X chromosome are typically characterized by affected males and unaffected carrier females. In contrast, EFMR spares transmitting males and affects only carrier females. Aided by systematic resequencing of 737 X chromosome genes, we identified different protocadherin 19 ( PCDH19) gene mutations in seven families with EFMR. Five mutations resulted in the introduction of a premature termination codon. Study of two of these demonstrated nonsense-mediated decay of PCDH19 mRNA. The two missense mutations were predicted to affect adhesiveness of PCDH19 through impaired calcium binding. PCDH19 is expressed in developing brains of human and mouse and is the first member of the cadherin superfamily to be directly implicated in epilepsy or mental retardation.

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Terracciano, A., N. Specchio, F. Darra, A. Sferra, B. Dalla Bernardina, F. Vigevano, and E. Bertini. "Somatic mosaicism of PCDH19 mutation in a family with low-penetrance EFMR." neurogenetics 13, no. 4 (September 6, 2012): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10048-012-0342-9.

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Antelmi, Elena, Massimo Mastrangelo, Francesca Bisulli, Luigina Spaccini, Carlotta Stipa, Barbara Mostacci, Davide Mei, Renzo Guerrini, and Paolo Tinuper. "Semiological study of ictal affective behaviour in epilepsy and mental retardation limited to females (EFMR)." Epileptic Disorders 14, no. 3 (September 2012): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/epd.2012.0526.

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Ding, Daniel D. "The Passive Voice and Social Values in Science." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 32, no. 2 (April 2002): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/efmr-bjf3-ce41-84kk.

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This article claims that two social values in science—falsifiability of science and cooperation among scientists—determine use of passives in scientific communication. Scientists do not always develop valid theories, so scientific experiments must be amenable to being repeated and found invalid. This requires that the experiments must not be discrete events. Science is also a cooperative enterprise. As an integral part of science, scientific writing employs more passives than actives to focus on materials, methods, figures, processes, tables, concepts, etc. Use of passives to focus on the physical world helps de-emphasize discreteness of scientific experiments. Besides, it also helps remove personal qualifications of observing experimental results. Finally, it enhances cooperation among working scientists by providing a common knowledge base of scientific work—things and objects. Looked at in this way, the passive voice in scientific writing represents professional practices of science instead of personal stylistic choices of individual scientists.

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Olsen, J. F., and N. Suga. "Combination-sensitive neurons in the medial geniculate body of the mustached bat: encoding of target range information." Journal of Neurophysiology 65, no. 6 (June 1, 1991): 1275–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1991.65.6.1275.

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1. Delay-tuned combination-sensitive neurons (FM-FM neurons) have been discovered in the dorsal and medial divisions of the medial geniculate body (MGB) of the mustached bat (Pteronotus parnellii). In this paper we present evidence for a thalamic origin for FM-FM neurons. Our examination of the response properties of FM-FM neurons indicates that the neural mechanism of delay-tuning depends on coincidence detection and involves an interaction between neural inhibition and excitation. 2. The biosonar pulse (P) and its echo (E) produced and heard by the mustached bat consist of four harmonics; each harmonic contains a constant frequency (CF) component and a frequency modulated (FM) component. Thus the pulse-echo pair contains eight CF components (PCF1-4, ECF1-4) and eight FM components (PFM1-4, EFM1-4). The stimuli used in this study consisted of CF, FM, and CF-FM sounds: paired CF-FM sounds were used to simulate any two harmonics of pulse-echo pairs. The responses of FM-FM neurons in the MGB were recorded extracellularly. We found that FM-FM neurons respond poorly or not at all to single sounds, respond strongly to paired sounds, and are tuned to the frequency and amplitude of each sound of the pair and to the time interval separating them (simulated echo delay). 3. All FM-FM neurons are facilitated by paired FM sounds and most are facilitated by paired CF sounds. Best facilitative frequencies measured with paired CF sounds fall outside the frequency ranges of the CF components of biosonar signals, whereas best facilitative frequencies measured with paired FM sounds fall within the frequency ranges of the FM components of biosonar signals. Thus FM-FM neurons are expected to respond selectively to combinations of FM components in biosonar signals. The FM components of pulse-echo pairs essential to facilitate FM-FM neurons are the FM component of the fundamental of the pulse (PFM1) in combination with the FM component of the second, third, or fourth harmonic of an echo (EFM2, EFM3, EFM4; collectively, EFMn). 4. The frequency combinations to which FM-FM neurons are tuned reflect small deviations from the harmonic relationship such as occurs in combinations of FM components from pulses and Doppler-shifted echoes. Compared with CF/CF neurons, however, FM-FM neurons are broadly tuned to stimulus frequency. Thus FM-FM neurons are Doppler-shift tolerant and relatively unspecialized for processing velocity information in the frequency domain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Dzialo, Maria C., Kyle J. Travaglini, Sean Shen, Kevin Roy, Guillaume F. Chanfreau, Joseph A. Loo, and Steven G. Clarke. "Translational Roles of Elongation Factor 2 Protein Lysine Methylation." Journal of Biological Chemistry 289, no. 44 (September 17, 2014): 30511–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m114.605527.

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Methylation of various components of the translational machinery has been shown to globally affect protein synthesis. Little is currently known about the role of lysine methylation on elongation factors. Here we show that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the product of the EFM3/YJR129C gene is responsible for the trimethylation of lysine 509 on elongation factor 2. Deletion of EFM3 or of the previously described EFM2 increases sensitivity to antibiotics that target translation and decreases translational fidelity. Furthermore, the amino acid sequences of Efm3 and Efm2, as well as their respective methylation sites on EF2, are conserved in other eukaryotes. These results suggest the importance of lysine methylation modification of EF2 in fine tuning the translational apparatus.

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Calhoun, Mark A., Sadiyah Sabah Chowdhury, Mark Tyler Nelson, John J. Lannutti, Rebecca B. Dupaix, and Jessica O. Winter. "Effect of Electrospun Fiber Mat Thickness and Support Method on Cell Morphology." Nanomaterials 9, no. 4 (April 20, 2019): 644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9040644.

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Electrospun fiber mats (EFMs) are highly versatile biomaterials used in a myriad of biomedical applications. Whereas some facets of EFMs are well studied and can be highly tuned (e.g., pore size, fiber diameter, etc.), other features are under characterized. For example, although substrate mechanics have been explored by several groups, most studies rely on Young’s modulus alone as a characterization variable. The influence of fiber mat thickness and the effect of supports are variables that are often not considered when evaluating cell-mechanical response. To assay the role of these features in EFM scaffold design and to improve understanding of scaffold mechanical properties, we designed EFM scaffolds with varying thickness (50–200 µm) and supporting methodologies. EFM scaffolds were comprised of polycaprolactone and were either electrospun directly onto a support, suspended across an annulus (3 or 10 mm inner diameter), or “tension-released” and then suspended across an annulus. Then, single cell spreading (i.e., Feret diameter) was measured in the presence of these different features. Cells were sensitive to EFM thickness and suspended gap diameter. Overall, cell spreading was greatest for 50 µm thick EFMs suspended over a 3 mm gap, which was the smallest thickness and gap investigated. These results are counterintuitive to conventional understanding in mechanobiology, which suggests that stiffer materials, such as thicker, supported EFMs, should elicit greater cell polarization. Additional experiments with 50 µm thick EFMs on polystyrene and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) supports demonstrated that cells can “feel” the support underlying the EFM if it is rigid, similar to previous results in hydrogels. These results also suggest that EFM curvature may play a role in cell response, separate from Young’s modulus, possibly because of internal tension generated. These parameters are not often considered in EFM design and could improve scaffold performance and ultimately patient outcomes.

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Sarathy, Chaitra, Martina Kutmon, Michael Lenz, Michiel E. Adriaens, Chris T. Evelo, and Ilja C. W. Arts. "EFMviz: A COBRA Toolbox Extension to Visualize Elementary Flux Modes in Genome-Scale Metabolic Models." Metabolites 10, no. 2 (February 12, 2020): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo10020066.

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Elementary Flux Modes (EFMs) are a tool for constraint-based modeling and metabolic network analysis. However, systematic and automated visualization of EFMs, capable of integrating various data types is still a challenge. In this study, we developed an extension for the widely adopted COBRA Toolbox, EFMviz, for analysis and graphical visualization of EFMs as networks of reactions, metabolites and genes. The analysis workflow offers a platform for EFM visualization to improve EFM interpretability by connecting COBRA toolbox with the network analysis and visualization software Cytoscape. The biological applicability of EFMviz is demonstrated in two use cases on medium (Escherichia coli, iAF1260) and large (human, Recon 2.2) genome-scale metabolic models. EFMviz is open-source and integrated into COBRA Toolbox. The analysis workflows used for the two use cases are detailed in the two tutorials provided with EFMviz along with the data used in this study.

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Ullah, Ehsan, Mona Yosafshahi, and Soha Hassoun. "Towards scaling elementary flux mode computation." Briefings in Bioinformatics 21, no. 6 (November 20, 2019): 1875–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbz094.

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Abstract While elementary flux mode (EFM) analysis is now recognized as a cornerstone computational technique for cellular pathway analysis and engineering, EFM application to genome-scale models remains computationally prohibitive. This article provides a review of aspects of EFM computation that elucidates bottlenecks in scaling EFM computation. First, algorithms for computing EFMs are reviewed. Next, the impact of redundant constraints, sensitivity to constraint ordering and network compression are evaluated. Then, the advantages and limitations of recent parallelization and GPU-based efforts are highlighted. The article then reviews alternative pathway analysis approaches that aim to reduce the EFM solution space. Despite advances in EFM computation, our review concludes that continued scaling of EFM computation is necessary to apply EFM to genome-scale models. Further, our review concludes that pathway analysis methods that target specific pathway properties can provide powerful alternatives to EFM analysis.

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Guil, Francisco, José F. Hidalgo, and José M. García. "Boosting the extraction of elementary flux modes in genome-scale metabolic networks using the linear programming approach." Bioinformatics 36, no. 14 (July 10, 2020): 4163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa280.

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Abstract Motivation Elementary flux modes (EFMs) are a key tool for analyzing genome-scale metabolic networks, and several methods have been proposed to compute them. Among them, those based on solving linear programming (LP) problems are known to be very efficient if the main interest lies in computing large enough sets of EFMs. Results Here, we propose a new method called EFM-Ta that boosts the efficiency rate by analyzing the information provided by the LP solver. We base our method on a further study of the final tableau of the simplex method. By performing additional elementary steps and avoiding trivial solutions consisting of two cycles, we obtain many more EFMs for each LP problem posed, improving the efficiency rate of previously proposed methods by more than one order of magnitude. Availability and implementation Software is freely available at https://github.com/biogacop/Boost_LP_EFM. Contact fguil@um.es Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

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Winter, Daniel L., Gene Hart-Smith, and Marc R. Wilkins. "Characterization of Protein Methyltransferases Rkm1, Rkm4, Efm4, Efm7, Set5 and Hmt1 Reveals Extensive Post-Translational Modification." Journal of Molecular Biology 430, no. 1 (January 2018): 102–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2017.11.009.

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Guil, Francisco, José F. Hidalgo, and José M. García. "Flux Coupling and the Objective Functions’ Length in EFMs." Metabolites 10, no. 12 (November 28, 2020): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo10120489.

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Structural analysis of constraint-based metabolic network models attempts to find the network’s properties by searching for subsets of suitable modes or Elementary Flux Modes (EFMs). One useful approach is based on Linear Program (LP) techniques, which introduce an objective function to convert the stoichiometric and thermodynamic constraints into a linear program (LP), using additional constraints to generate different nontrivial modes. This work introduces FLFS-FC (Fixed Length Function Sampling with Flux Coupling), a new approach to increase the efficiency of generation of large sets of different EFMs for the network. FLFS-FC is based on the importance of the length of the objective functions used in the associated LP problem and the imposition of additional negative constraints. Our proposal overrides some of the known drawbacks associated with the EFM extraction, such as the appearance of unfeasible problems or multiple repeated solutions arising from different LP problems.

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Issa, Anindita N., Kelly Baker, Derek Pate, Royal Law, Tesfaye Bayleyegn, and Rebecca S. Noe. "Evaluation of Oklahoma’s Electronic Death Registration System and Event Fatality Markers for Disaster-Related Mortality Surveillance – Oklahoma USA, May 2013." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, no. 02 (April 2019): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19000189.

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Introduction:Official counts of deaths attributed to disasters are often under-reported, thus adversely affecting public health messaging designed to prevent further mortality. During the Oklahoma (USA) May 2013 tornadoes, Oklahoma State Health Department Division of Vital Records (VR; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma USA) piloted a flagging procedure to track tornado-attributed deaths within its Electronic Death Registration System (EDRS). To determine if the EDRS was capturing all tornado-attributed deaths, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Atlanta, Georgia USA) evaluated three event fatality markers (EFM), which are used to collate information about deaths for immediate response and retrospective research efforts.Methods:Oklahoma identified 48 tornado-attributed deaths through a retrospective review of hospital morbidity and mortality records. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Atlanta, Georgia USA) analyzed the sensitivity, timeliness, and validity for three EFMs, which included: (1) a tornado-specific flag on the death record; (2) a tornado-related term in the death certificate; and (3) X37, the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) code in the death record for Victim of a Cataclysmic Storm, which includes tornadoes.Results:The flag was the most sensitive EFM (89.6%; 43/48), followed by the tornado term (75.0%; 36/48), and the X37 code (56.2%; 27/48). The most-timely EFM was the flag, which took 2.0 median days to report (range 0-10 days), followed by the tornado term (median 3.5 days; range 1-21), and the X37 code (median >10 days; range 2-122). Over one-half (52.1%; 25/48) of the tornado-attributed deaths were missing at least one EFM. Twenty-six percent (11/43) of flagged records had no tornado term, and 44.1% (19/43) had no X37 code. Eleven percent (4/36) of records with a tornado term did not have a flag.Conclusion:The tornado-specific flag was the most sensitive and timely EFM. Using the flag to collate death records and identify additional deaths without the tornado term and X37 code may improve immediate response and retrospective investigations. Moreover, each of the EFMs can serve as quality controls for the others to maximize capture of all disaster-attributed deaths from vital statistics records in the EDRS.Issa AN, Baker K, Pate D, Law R, Bayleyegn T, Noe RS. Evaluation of Oklahoma’s Electronic Death Registration System and event fatality markers for disaster-related mortality surveillance – Oklahoma USA, May 2013. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(2):125–131

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Hidalgo, José Francisco, Francisco Guil, and José Manuel García. "A new approach to obtaining EFMs using graph methods based on the shortest path between end nodes." Genomics and Computational Biology 2, no. 1 (September 12, 2016): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18547/gcb.2016.vol2.iss1.e30.

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Genome-scale metabolic networks let us understand the behaviour of the metabolism in the cells of living organisms. The availability of great amounts of such data gives the scientific community the opportunity to infer in silico new metabolic knowledge. Elementary Flux Modes (EFM) are minimal contained pathways or subsets of a metabolic network that are very useful to achieving the comprehension of a very specific metabolic function (as well as dysfunctions), and to get the knowledge to develop new drugs. Metabolic networks can have large connectivity and, therefore, EFMs resolution faces a combinational explosion challenge to be solved. In this paper we propose a new approach to obtain EFMs based on graph theory, the balanced graph concept and the shortest path between end nodes. Our proposal uses the shortest path between end nodes (input and output nodes) that finds all the pathways in the metabolic network and is able to prioritise the pathway search accounting the biological mean pursued. Our technique has two phases, the exploration phase and the characterisation one, and we show how it works in a well-known case study. We also demonstrate the relevance of the concept of balanced graph to achieve to the full list of EFMs.

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Lovis, Christian, Anne Moen, John Mantas, Alfred Winter, Mira Hercigonja-Szekeres, Lacramioara Stoicu-Tivadar, and Patrick Weber. "EFMI." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 28, no. 01 (April 25, 2019): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1677900.

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Tavva, Venkata Kalyan, Ravi Kasha, and Madhu Mutyam. "EFGR." ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization 11, no. 3 (October 27, 2014): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2656340.

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Lovis, Christian, George Mihalas, John Mantas, Niels Peek, Ran Balicer, Izet Masic, and Lacramioara Stoicu-Tivadar. "EFMI." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 27, no. 01 (April 22, 2018): 296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1641209.

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Lovis, Christian, Catherine Chronaki, Parisis Gallo, John Mantas, Louise Pape-Haugaard, Rebecca Randell, Lacramioara Stoicu-Tivadar, Patrick Weber, and Alfred Winter. "EFMI." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 29, no. 01 (April 17, 2020): 300–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1701970.

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Gallos, Parisis G., John Mantas, Louise Pape-Haugaard, Rebecca Randell, Lacramioara Stoicu-Tivadar, Patrick Weber, and Alfred Winter. "EFMI." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 30, no. 01 (April 21, 2021): 340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1726498.

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Simha, K. R. Y. "e-EFM." Resonance 12, no. 6 (June 2007): 86–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12045-007-0065-7.

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Haasnoot, Krijn, Bas van der Spek, Christof Meischl, and Dimitri Heine. "Endoscopic full-thickness resection in the colorectum: a single-center case series evaluating indication, efficacy and safety." Endoscopy International Open 06, no. 10 (October 2018): E1227—E1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0672-1138.

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Abstract Background and study aims Endoscopic full-thickness resection (eFTR) allows en-bloc and transmural resection of colorectal lesions for which other advanced endoscopic techniques are unsuitable. We present our experience with a novel “clip first, cut later” eFTR-device and evaluate its indications, efficacy and safety. Patients and methods From July 2015 through October 2017, 51 eFTR-procedures were performed in 48 patients. Technical success and R0-resection rates were prospectively recorded and retrospectively analyzed. Results Indications for eFTR were non-lifting adenoma (n = 19), primary resection of malignant lesion (n = 2), resection of scar tissue after incomplete endoscopic resection of low-risk T1 colorectal carcinoma (n = 26), adenoma involving a diverticulum (n = 2) and neuroendocrine tumor (n = 2). Two lesions were treated by combining endoscopic mucosal resection and eFTR. Technical success was achieved in 45 of 51 procedures (88 %). Histopathology confirmed full-thickness resection in 43 of 50 specimens (86 %) and radical resection (R0) in 40 procedures (80 %). eFTR-specimens, obtained for indeterminate previous T1 colorectal carcinoma resection, were free of residual carcinoma in 25 of 26 cases (96 %). In six patients (13 %) a total of eight adverse events occurred within 30 days after eFTR. One perforation occurred, which was corrected endoscopically. No emergency surgery was necessary. Conclusion In this study eFTR appears to be safe and effective for the resection of colorectal lesions. Technical success, R0-resection and major adverse events rate were reasonable and comparable with eFTR data reported elsewhere. Mean specimen diameter (23 mm) limits its use to relatively small lesions. A clinical algorithm for eFTR case selection is proposed. eFTR ensured local radical excision where other endoscopic techniques did not suffice and reduced the need for surgery in selected cases.

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Kuellmer, Armin, Juliane Behn, Torsten Beyna, Brigitte Schumacher, Alexander Meining, Helmut Messmann, Horst Neuhaus, et al. "Endoscopic full-thickness resection and its treatment alternatives in difficult-to-treat lesions of the lower gastrointestinal tract: a cost-effectiveness analysis." BMJ Open Gastroenterology 7, no. 1 (August 2020): e000449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgast-2020-000449.

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ObjectiveEndoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) has shown efficacy and safety in the colorectum. The aim of this analysis was to investigate whether EFTR is cost-effective in comparison with surgical and endoscopic treatment alternatives.DesignReal data from the study cohort of the prospective, single-arm WALL RESECT study were used. A simulated comparison arm was created based on a survey that included suggested treatment alternatives to EFTR of the respective lesions. Treatment costs and reimbursement were calculated in euro according to the coding rules of 2017 and 2019 (EFTR). R0 resection rate was used as a measure of effectiveness. To assess cost-effectiveness, the average cost-effectiveness ratio (ACER) and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were determined. Calculations were made both from the perspective of the care provider as well as of the payer.ResultsThe cost per case was €2852.20 for the EFTR group, €1712 for the standard endoscopic resection (SER) group, €8895 for the surgical resection group and €5828 for the pooled alternative treatment to EFTR. From the perspective of the care provider, the ACER (mean cost per R0 resection) was €3708.98 for EFTR, €3115.10 for SER, €8924.05 for surgical treatment and €7169.30 for all pooled and weighted alternatives to EFTR. The ICER (additional cost per R0 resection compared with EFTR) was €5196.47 for SER, €26 533.13 for surgical resection and €67 768.62 for the pooled rate of alternatives. Results from the perspective of the payer were similar.ConclusionEFTR is cost-effective in comparison with surgical and endoscopic treatment alternatives in the colorectum.

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Mahout, Maxime, Ross P. Carlson, and Sabine Peres. "Answer Set Programming for Computing Constraints-Based Elementary Flux Modes: Application to Escherichia coli Core Metabolism." Processes 8, no. 12 (December 14, 2020): 1649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8121649.

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Elementary Flux Modes (EFMs) provide a rigorous basis to systematically characterize the steady state, cellular phenotypes, as well as metabolic network robustness and fragility. However, the number of EFMs typically grows exponentially with the size of the metabolic network, leading to excessive computational demands, and unfortunately, a large fraction of these EFMs are not biologically feasible due to system constraints. This combinatorial explosion often prevents the complete analysis of genome-scale metabolic models. Traditionally, EFMs are computed by the double description method, an efficient algorithm based on matrix calculation; however, only a few constraints can be integrated into this computation. They must be monotonic with regard to the set inclusion of the supports; otherwise, they must be treated in post-processing and thus do not save computational time. We present aspefm, a hybrid computational tool based on Answer Set Programming (ASP) and Linear Programming (LP) that permits the computation of EFMs while implementing many different types of constraints. We apply our methodology to the Escherichia coli core model, which contains 226×106 EFMs. In considering transcriptional and environmental regulation, thermodynamic constraints, and resource usage considerations, the solution space is reduced to 1118 EFMs that can be computed directly with aspefm. The solution set, for E. coli growth on O2 gradients spanning fully aerobic to anaerobic, can be further reduced to four optimal EFMs using post-processing and Pareto front analysis.

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Kobara, Hideki, Noriko Nishiyama, Shintaro Fujihara, Naoya Tada, Kazuhiro Kozuka, Takanori Matsui, Tadayuki Takata, et al. "Traction-assisted endoscopic full-thickness resection followed by O-ring and over-the-scope clip closure in the stomach: an animal experimental study." Endoscopy International Open 09, no. 01 (January 2021): E51—E57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1287-7482.

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Abstract Background and study aims Exposed endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) enables the operator to obtain a sufficient surgical margin. However, insufflation leakage and secure endoscopic full-thickness closure (EFTC) remain problematic. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of a new exposed EFTR. Patients and methods Exposed EFTR was performed for 2-cm virtual lesions in different locations of the upper stomach in four dogs. EFTR mainly involved half-circumferential EFTR of the endpoint and clip-line traction. Pulley traction was applied with the forward approach for the greater curvature. EFTC involved endoscopic ligation with O-ring closure to diminish insufflation leakage, followed by over-the-scope clip closure. Results Complete resection and technical success were achieved in all four cases. One case of intraoperative bleeding was endoscopically managed. No postoperative complications occurred in any cases. The median maximum resected size was 27.5 mm. The median procedure time of the total operation, EFTR, and EFTC was 76, 37, and 35.5 minutes, respectively. The 1-month survival rate was 100 %. Conclusions This therapeutic strategy may lead to the establishment of exposed EFTR.

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Rolf, Engelbrecht, and Hasman Arie. "Information on EFMI Working Groups." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 15, no. 01 (August 2006): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638499.

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Engelbrecht, Rolf, and Arie Hasman. "Information on EFMI Working Groups." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 16, no. 01 (August 2007): 238–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638555.

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Engelbrecht, Rolf, and Arie Hasman. "Information on EFMI Working Groups." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 17, no. 01 (August 2008): 235–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638613.

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Engelbrecht, Rolf, and John Mantas. "Information on EFMI Working Groups." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 18, no. 01 (August 2009): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638664.

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Engelbrecht, Rolf, and John Mantas. "Information on EFMI Working Groups." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 19, no. 01 (August 2010): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638710.

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Langer, Thierry. "EFMC-ASMC Kongress in Wien." Nachrichten aus der Chemie 66, no. 5 (May 2018): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nadc.20184075477.

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Suhendra, Edward, Chih-Hua Chang, Wen-Che Hou, and Yi-Chin Hsieh. "A Review on the Environmental Fate Models for Predicting the Distribution of Engineered Nanomaterials in Surface Waters." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 12 (June 26, 2020): 4554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124554.

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Exposure assessment is a key component in the risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). While direct and quantitative measurements of ENMs in complex environmental matrices remain challenging, environmental fate models (EFMs) can be used alternatively for estimating ENMs’ distributions in the environment. This review describes and assesses the development and capability of EFMs, focusing on surface waters. Our review finds that current engineered nanomaterial (ENM) exposure models can be largely classified into three types: material flow analysis models (MFAMs), multimedia compartmental models (MCMs), and spatial river/watershed models (SRWMs). MFAMs, which is already used to derive predicted environmental concentrations (PECs), can be used to estimate the releases of ENMs as inputs to EFMs. Both MCMs and SRWMs belong to EFMs. MCMs are spatially and/or temporally averaged models, which describe ENM fate processes as intermedia transfer of well-mixed environmental compartments. SRWMs are spatiotemporally resolved models, which consider the variability in watershed and/or stream hydrology, morphology, and sediment transport of river networks. As the foundation of EFMs, we also review the existing and emerging ENM fate processes and their inclusion in recent EFMs. We find that while ENM fate processes, such as heteroaggregation and dissolution, are commonly included in current EFMs, few models consider photoreaction and sulfidation, evaluation of the relative importance of fate processes, and the fate of weathered/transformed ENMs. We conclude the review by identifying the opportunities and challenges in using EFMs for ENMs.

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Eom, Bang Wool, Chan Gyoo Kim, Myeong-Cherl Kook, Hong Man Yoon, Keun Won Ryu, Young-Woo Kim, Ji Yoon Rho, Young-Il Kim, Jong Yeul Lee, and Il Ju Choi. "Feasibility of Non-Exposure Simple Suturing Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection in Comparison with Laparoscopic Endoscopic Cooperative Surgery for Gastric Subepithelial Tumors: Results of Two Independent Prospective Trials." Cancers 13, no. 8 (April 13, 2021): 1858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13081858.

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Recently, nonexposure simple suturing endoscopic full-thickness resection (NESS-EFTR) method was developed to avoid tumor exposure to the peritoneal cavity. The aim of this study is to compare the short-term outcomes of the NESS-EFTR method with those of laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) for gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs). A prospective single-center trial of LECS for gastric SETs was performed from March 2012 to October 2013 with a separate prospective trial of NESS-EFTR performed from August 2015 to June 2017, enrolling 15 patients each. Among the 30 enrolled patients, 14 who underwent LECS and 11 who underwent NESS-EFTR were finally included in the analysis. The rate of complete resection and successful closure was 100% in both groups. The operating time was longer for NESS-EFTR group than for LECS (110 vs. 189 min; p < 0.0001). There were no postoperative complications except one case of transient fever in the NESS-EFTR group. One patient in the LECS group had peritoneal seeding of gastrointestinal stromal tumor at 17 months postoperatively, and there was no other recurrence. Although NESS-EFTR had long operating and procedure times, it was feasible for patients with gastric SETs requiring a nonexposure technique.

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Brewer Gutierrez, Olaya I., Venkata S. Akshintala, Yervant Ichkhanian, Gala G. Brewer, Yuri Hanada, Maria P. Truskey, Amol Agarwal, et al. "Endoscopic full-thickness resection using a clip non-exposed method for gastrointestinal tract lesions: a meta-analysis." Endoscopy International Open 08, no. 03 (February 21, 2020): E313—E325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1073-7593.

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Abstract Background and study aims Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) allows for treatment of epithelial and sub-epithelial lesions (SELs) unsuitable to conventional resection techniques. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of clip-assisted method for non-exposed EFTR using FTRD or over-the-scope clip of gastrointestinal tumors. Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed. The primary outcome of interest was the rate of histologic complete resection (R0). Secondary outcomes of interest were the rate of enbloc resection, FTR, adverse events, and post-EFTR surgery. Random-effects model was used to calculate pooled estimates and generate forest plots. Results Eighteen studies with 730 patients and 733 lesions were included in the analyses. Indications for EFTR were difficult/residual colorectal adenoma, adenoma at a diverticulum or appendiceal orifice and early cancer (n = 634), colorectal SELs (n = 42), and upper gastrointestinal lesions (n = 51), other colonic lesions (n = 6). Median size of lesions was 13.5 mm. There were 22 failed EFTR attempts. Pooled overall R0 resection rate was 82 % (95 % CI: 75, 89). The pooled overall FTR rate was 83 % (95 % CI: 77, 89). The pooled overall enbloc resection rate was 95 (95 % CI: 92, 96). The pooled estimates for perforation and bleeding were < 0.1 % and 2 %, respectively. Following EFTR, a total of 110 patients underwent surgery for any reason [pooled rate 7 % (95 % 2, 14). The pooled rates for post-EFTR surgery due to invasive cancer, for non-curative endoscopic resection and for adverse events were 4 %, < 0.1 % and < 0.1 %, respectively. No mortality related to EFTR was noted. Conclusions EFTR appears to be safe and effective for gastrointestinal lesions that are not amenable to conventional endoscopic resection. This technique should be considered as an alternative to surgery in selected cases.

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Antonino, Granata, Martino Alberto, Amata Michele, Ligresti Dario, Tuzzolino Fabio, and Traina Mario. "Efficacy and safety of gastric exposed endoscopic full-thickness resection without laparoscopic assistance: a systematic review." Endoscopy International Open 08, no. 09 (August 31, 2020): E1173—E1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1198-4357.

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Abstract Background and study aims Exposed endoscopic full-thickness resection (Eo-EFTR) without laparoscopic assistance is a minimally invasive natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) technique that has shown promising efficacy and safety in resection of gastric submucosal tumors (G-SMTs) arising from muscularis propria (MP). However, data on the efficacy and safety of gastric Eo-EFTR mostly come from relatively small retrospective studies and concern regarding its use still exists. The aim of our systematic review was to assess the efficacy and safety of gastric Eo-EFTR without laparoscopic assistance. Methods A detailed MEDLINE and EMBASE search was performed for papers published from January 1998 to November 2019 and reporting on gastric Eo-EFTR without laparoscopic assistance. The search strategy used the terms “endoscopic full thickness resection” and “gastric” or “stomach”. The primary outcomes were complete resection and surgical conversion rates. The secondary outcomes were overall major adverse events, delayed bleeding, delayed perforation, peritonitis, abdominal abscess and/or abdominal infection and successful Eo-EFTR. Results Fifteen Asian studies were included in our final review, providing data on 750 Eo-EFTR-treated G-SMTs. The per-lesion rate of complete resection and surgical conversion were 98.8 %\0.8 %, respectively. The per-lesion rate of major adverse events, delayed bleeding, delayed perforation and peritonitis, abdominal abscess and/or abdominal infection was 1.6 %\0.5 %\0.1 %\0.9 %, respectively. The per-lesion rate of successful Eo-EFTR (i. e. complete tumor resection and effective endoscopic defect closure) was 98.3 %. Conclusions Eo-EFTR without laparoscopic assistance appears to be highly effective and safe NOTES for removing deep G-SMTs, particularly those arising from MP layer.

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Zwager, Liselotte W., Barbara A. J. Bastiaansen, Maxime E. S. Bronzwaer, Bas W. van der Spek, G. Dimitri N. Heine, Krijn J. C. Haasnoot, Hedwig van der Sluis, et al. "Endoscopic full-thickness resection (eFTR) of colorectal lesions: results from the Dutch colorectal eFTR registry." Endoscopy 52, no. 11 (June 4, 2020): 1014–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1176-1107.

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Abstract Background Endoscopic full-thickness resection (eFTR) is a minimally invasive resection technique that allows definite diagnosis and treatment for complex colorectal lesions ≤ 30 mm unsuitable for conventional endoscopic resection. This study reports clinical outcomes from the Dutch colorectal eFTR registry. Methods Consecutive patients undergoing eFTR in 20 hospitals were prospectively included. The primary outcome was technical success, defined as macroscopic complete en bloc resection. Secondary outcomes were: clinical success, defined as tumor-free resection margins (R0 resection); full-thickness resection rate; and adverse events. Results Between July 2015 and October 2018, 367 procedures were included. Indications were difficult polyps (non-lifting sign and/or difficult location; n = 133), primary resection of suspected T1 colorectal cancer (CRC; n = 71), re-resection after incomplete resection of T1 CRC (n = 150), and subepithelial tumors (n = 13). Technical success was achieved in 308 procedures (83.9 %). In 21 procedures (5.7 %), eFTR was not performed because the lesion could not be reached or retracted into the cap. In the remaining 346 procedures, R0 resection was achieved in 285 (82.4 %) and full-thickness resection in 288 (83.2 %). The median diameter of resected specimens was 23 mm. Overall adverse event rate was 9.3 % (n = 34/367): 10 patients (2.7 %) required emergency surgery for five delayed and two immediate perforations and three cases of appendicitis. Conclusion eFTR is an effective and relatively safe en bloc resection technique for complex colorectal lesions with the potential to avoid surgery. Further studies assessing the role of eFTR in early CRC treatment with long-term outcomes are needed.

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Kobayashi, Yosuke, Ryuji Shioya, and Genki Yagawa. "Parallel Eigen Frequency Analysis Using Enriched Free Mesh Method." Key Engineering Materials 462-463 (January 2011): 628–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.462-463.628.

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The Enriched Free Mesh Method (EFMM) is a Mixed Method using the Hellinger-Reissner principle. A highly accurate stiffness matrix is computed for each local cluster. As a result, the EFMM can compute the high performance structural problem of low-order mode without an increase in the number of DOF. In this research, a large eigen frequency analysis of discrete model of the EFMM is performed using the Lanczos method on a PC cluster environment.

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Pedersen, J. "Controlling Activated Sludge Process Using EFOR." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 3-4 (August 1, 1992): 783–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0459.

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A newly developed simulation program, based on the Activated Sludge Model No. 1, has been investigated for its controlling abilities. The program is capable of simulating most of the control types which have been applied to wastewater treatment plants. The program was tested on a nitrifying and a denitrifying treatment plant. The results showed that the model makes good simulations of the applied controls.

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NAGAOKA, Shinsuke, Yasushi NAKABAYASHI, and Genki YAGAWA. "Fluid-Structure Coupled Analysis Using EFMM." TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Series A 76, no. 764 (2010): 449–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaia.76.449.

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Nicholas, Daniel J. "IFMA and EFMA Announce Name Changes." International Bulletin of Missionary Research 32, no. 1 (January 2008): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/239693930803200113.

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Peres, Sabine, Stefan Schuster, and Philippe Dague. "Thermodynamic constraints for identifying elementary flux modes." Biochemical Society Transactions 46, no. 3 (May 9, 2018): 641–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20170260.

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Metabolic pathway analysis is a key method to study metabolism and the elementary flux modes (EFMs) is one major concept allowing one to analyze the network in terms of minimal pathways. Their practical use has been hampered by the combinatorial explosion of their number in large systems. The EFMs give the possible pathways at steady state, but the real pathways are limited by biological constraints. In this review, we display three different methods that integrate thermodynamic constraints in terms of Gibbs free energy in the EFMs computation.

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Fujihara, Shintaro, Hirohito Mori, Hideki Kobara, Noriko Nishiyama, Tae Matsunaga, Maki Ayaki, Tatsuo Yachida, Asahiro Morishita, Kunihiko Izuishi, and Tsutomu Masaki. "Current Innovations in Endoscopic Therapy for the Management of Colorectal Cancer: From Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection to Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/925058.

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Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is accepted as a minimally invasive treatment for colorectal cancer. However, due to technical difficulties and an increased rate of complications, ESD is not widely used in the colorectum. In some cases, endoscopic treatment alone is insufficient for disease control, and laparoscopic surgery is required. The combination of laparoscopic surgery and endoscopic resection represents a new frontier in cancer treatment. Recent developments in advanced polypectomy and minimally invasive surgical techniques will enable surgeons and endoscopists to challenge current practice in colorectal cancer treatment. Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) of the colon offers the potential to decrease the postoperative morbidity and mortality associated with segmental colectomy while enhancing the diagnostic yield compared to current endoscopic techniques. However, closure is necessary after EFTR and natural transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). Innovative methods and new devices for EFTR and suturing are being developed and may potentially change traditional paradigms to achieve minimally invasive surgery for colorectal cancer. The present paper aims to discuss the complementary role of ESD and the future development of EFTR. We focus on the possibility of achieving EFTR using the ESD method and closing devices.

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Xu, Qingwen, Haofei Kuang, Laurent Kneip, and Sören Schwertfeger. "Rethinking the Fourier-Mellin Transform: Multiple Depths in the Camera’s View." Remote Sensing 13, no. 5 (March 5, 2021): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13051000.

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Remote sensing and robotics often rely on visual odometry (VO) for localization. Many standard approaches for VO use feature detection. However, these methods will meet challenges if the environments are feature-deprived or highly repetitive. Fourier-Mellin Transform (FMT) is an alternative VO approach that has been shown to show superior performance in these scenarios and is often used in remote sensing. One limitation of FMT is that it requires an environment that is equidistant to the camera, i.e., single-depth. To extend the applications of FMT to multi-depth environments, this paper presents the extended Fourier-Mellin Transform (eFMT), which maintains the advantages of FMT with respect to feature-deprived scenarios. To show the robustness and accuracy of eFMT, we implement an eFMT-based visual odometry framework and test it in toy examples and a large-scale drone dataset. All these experiments are performed on data collected in challenging scenarios, such as, trees, wooden boards and featureless roofs. The results show that eFMT performs better than FMT in the multi-depth settings. Moreover, eFMT also outperforms state-of-the-art VO algorithms, such as ORB-SLAM3, SVO and DSO, in our experiments.

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Wu, Yong Jian, Ping Zhou, Pin Shang, and Tian You Chai. "Intelligent Operation Control for the Fused Magnesia Production." Advanced Materials Research 391-392 (December 2011): 1450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.391-392.1450.

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An electro-fused magnesia furnace (EFMF) is used to produce electro-fused magnesia. Due to the complex dynamic characteristics of the EFMF production process, it is difficult to achieve the satisfactory control performances only by the independent conventional control method. As a result, the lower loop control with manual operations is still widely used in practice. However, the manual operation cannot ensure that the actual production qualities and the energy consumption of unit production meet the technical requirements all the time. In this paper, an intelligent operation control strategy is developed for the EFMF to automatically adjust the setpoints of the lower level control system. Based on the proposed intelligent control strategy, an intelligent control system for the EFMF is built and implemented on site. Industrial application has demonstrated that the intelligent control system can achieve reliable, accurate and timely control performances.

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Kitakata, Hidekazu, Tohru Itoh, Shinichi Kinami, Ken Kawaura, Kazu Hamada, Sadafumi Azukisawa, Rika Kobayashi, Junji Kamai, and Takeo Kosaka. "Sealed endoscopic full-thickness resection for gastric cancer: a pilot study in an ex vivo and in vivo porcine model." Endoscopy International Open 07, no. 01 (January 2019): E36—E42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0777-1954.

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Abstract Background and study aims Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) is a useful procedure that allows minimal resection of the gastric wall because the tumor can be located endoscopically. However, the procedure carries a risk of peritoneal infection or dissemination. Thus, we devised a new EFTR technique in which the serosa is sealed using a silicone sheet to prevent the escape of gastric juice. Materials and methods Three whole stomachs were harvested from pigs for an ex vivo experiment, and seven pigs were used for an in vivo experiment. In both experiments, silicone sheets and gauze were pasted to the serosa using a fibrinogen-thrombin solution. A seromuscular incision was then made endoscopically using a HookKnife. We then evaluated whether stomach collapse could be prevented using this technique. Furthermore, the method was compared with conventional laparoscopic-assisted EFTR (LA-EFTR) in terms of resection time and quality of endoscopic view. Results In the ex vivo experiment, stomach collapse was suppressed and the seromuscular layer could be incised layer by layer. In the in vivo experiment, the time required for seromuscular incision with the new EFTR technique was significantly shorter than that with the conventional method. All layers of the stomach were smoothly resected under good endoscopic view. Conclusions Sealed EFTR is a potentially useful technique for the minimally invasive resection of gastric tumor. All layers of the stomach could be incised while confirming the incision line from the inside of the stomach and avoiding exposure of the tumor to the abdominal cavity.

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Wang, Yahui, Wei Wang, Yongqiang Lv, Wangliang Zheng, Zhiqiang Mi, Guangqian Pei, Xiaoping An, et al. "Characterization and complete genome sequence analysis of novel bacteriophage IME-EFm1 infecting Enterococcus faecium." Journal of General Virology 95, no. 11 (November 1, 2014): 2565–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.067553-0.

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We isolated and characterized a novel virulent bacteriophage, IME-EFm1, specifically infecting multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium. IME-EFm1 is morphologically similar to members of the family Siphoviridae. It was found capable of lysing a wide range of our E. faecium collections, including two strains resistant to vancomycin. One-step growth tests revealed the host lysis activity of phage IME-EFm1, with a latent time of 30 min and a large burst size of 116 p.f.u. per cell. These biological characteristics suggested that IME-EFm1 has the potential to be used as a therapeutic agent. The complete genome of IME-EFm1 was 42 597 bp, and was linear, with terminally non-redundant dsDNA and a G+C content of 35.2 mol%. The termini of the phage genome were determined with next-generation sequencing and were further confirmed by nuclease digestion analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a complete genome sequence of a bacteriophage infecting E. faecium. IME-EFm1 exhibited a low similarity to other phages in terms of genome organization and structural protein amino acid sequences. The coding region corresponded to 90.7 % of the genome; 70 putative ORFs were deduced and, of these, 29 could be functionally identified based on their homology to previously characterized proteins. A predicted metallo-β-lactamase gene was detected in the genome sequence. The identification of an antibiotic resistance gene emphasizes the necessity for complete genome sequencing of a phage to ensure it is free of any undesirable genes before use as a therapeutic agent against bacterial pathogens.

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Ammenwerth, E., M. C. Beuscart-Zephir, J. Brender, H. Hyppönen, S. Melia, P. Nykänen, J. Talmon, N. de Keizer, and M. Rigby. "Evidence Based Health Informatics: 10 Years of Efforts to Promote the Principle." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 22, no. 01 (August 2013): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638830.

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Summary Objectives: To present the importance of Evidence-based Health Informatics (EBHI) and the ethical imperative of this approach; to highlight the work of the IMIA Working Group on Technology Assessment and Quality Improvement and the EFMI Working Group on Assessment of Health Information Systems; and to introduce the further important evaluation and evidence aspects being addressed. Methods: Reviews of IMIA, EFMA and other initiatives, together with literature reviews on evaluation methods and on published systematic reviews. Results: Presentation of the rationale for the health informatics domain to adopt a scientific approach by assessing impact, avoiding harm, and empirically demonstrating benefit and best use; reporting of the origins and rationale of the IMIA- and EQUATOR-endorsed Statement on Reporting of Evaluation Studies in Health Informatics (STARE-HI) and of the IMIA WG's Guideline for Good Evaluation Practice in Health Informatics (GEP-HI); presentation of other initiatives for objective evaluation; and outlining of further work in hand on usability and indicators; together with the case for development of relevant evaluation methods in newer applications such as telemedicine. The focus is on scientific evaluation as a reliable source of evidence, and on structured presentation of results to enable easy retrieval of evidence. Conclusions: EBHI is feasible, necessary for efficiency and safety, and ethically essential. Given the significant impact of health informatics on health systems, care delivery and personal health, it is vital that cultures change to insist on evidence-based policies and investment, and that emergent global moves for this are supported.

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Andrisani, Gianluca, Margherita Pizzicannella, and Francesco Maria Di Matteo. "Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection of Synchronous Adenocarcinomas of the Distal Rectum." Case Reports in Gastroenterology 11, no. 1 (March 3, 2017): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000455941.

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Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) with an innovative full-thickness resection device (FTRD; Ovesco Endoscopy, Tübingen, Germany) allows a safe and complete full-thickness resection of early colorectal cancer. We present the first case of two EFTR performed at the same time to treat synchronous rectal adenocarcinomas.

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Sartwelle, Thomas P., James C. Johnston, and Berna Arda. "Electronic fetal monitoring, cerebral palsy, and medical ethics: Nonsense of a high order1." Medical Law International 17, no. 1-2 (March 2017): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0968533217704883.

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Electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) was predicted by its inventors to be the long-sought cerebral palsy (CP) nemesis. Rather than prevent CP or any other birth problems, 40 years of EFM use has done substantial harm to mothers and babies and created a worldwide CP-EFM litigation industry that enriches only trial lawyers. Physicians, frightened by the ever-expanding and costly CP-EFM litigation crisis, and focused on avoiding lawsuits at all costs, embraced ethical relativism—charitably called defensive medicine—and continued EFM use even in the face of overwhelming evidence that EFM is merely junk science. In doing so, physicians completely abandoned the bedrock bioethics principles of autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence. This daily ethical drama has played itself out for the past almost half century with little protest from obstetricians and no protest from ethicists. This article reviews EFM harms, the CP-EFM litigation crisis, and the resulting abandonment of bioethics principles and explores why the CP-EFM paradigm has failed utterly to follow the Kuhnian model of the scientific, technology, medical paradigm shift.

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Kunwar, Sanju, Fanny Iriarte, Qiurong Fan, Eduardo Evaristo da Silva, Laura Ritchie, Nghi Song Nguyen, Joshua H. Freeman, et al. "Transgenic Expression of EFR and Bs2 Genes for Field Management of Bacterial Wilt and Bacterial Spot of Tomato." Phytopathology® 108, no. 12 (December 2018): 1402–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-12-17-0424-r.

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Field trials were conducted at two locations in Florida to evaluate transgenic tomato expressing the ELONGATION FACTOR TU RECEPTOR (EFR) gene from Arabidopsis thaliana, the Bs2 gene from pepper, or both Bs2 and EFR (Bs2/EFR) for managing bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas perforans. Expression of EFR or Bs2/EFR in the susceptible genotype Fla. 8000 significantly reduced bacterial wilt incidence (50 to 100%) and increased total yield (57 to 114%) relative to lines expressing only Bs2 or the nontransformed Fla. 8000 control, although the marketable yield was not significantly affected. Following harvest, surviving symptomatic and nonsymptomatic plants were assessed for colonization by R. solanacearum. There were no significant differences in the population at the lower stem. Interestingly, in the middle stem, no bacteria could be recovered from EFR or Bs2/EFR lines but viable bacterial populations were recovered from Bs2 and nontransformed control lines at 102 to 105 CFU/g of stem tissue. In growth-chamber experiments, the EFR transgenic tomato lines were found to be effective against seven different R. solanacearum strains isolated from the southeastern United States, indicating utility across the southeastern United States. In all of the bacterial spot trials, EFR and Bs2/EFR lines had significantly reduced disease severity (22 to 98%) compared with the Fla. 8000 control. The marketable and total yield of Bs2/EFR were significantly higher (43 to 170%) than Fla. 8000 control in three of four field trials. These results demonstrate for the first time the potential of using the EFR gene for field management of bacterial wilt and bacterial spot diseases of tomato.

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Journal articles on the topic 'EFMR'

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