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OLAIYA, Olajumoke Olufunmilola. "The Oughtness of the Politics and Culture of ‘Created’ Identities for Teaching Nigerian History: A Case Study of the Egbe Omo Oduduwa." Filosofiya osvity. Philosophy of Education 27, no. 1 (August 11, 2021): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2021-27-1-8.
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History education has been able to give a flowing account of how various cultures have been co-existing prior European encounter. The historical account has evolved from the mythical stage into the scientific stage with evidence adduced and coming forward to revise and even correct initial assumptions. In the face of these revisions and corrections, it is not in place to demand: how do we teach African history to students? What is the connection between religion and culture in the making of a people? Using Kwame Appiah’s cosmopolitan perspective as my theoretical framework and through the method of philosophical analysis, I tender that the idea of an identity that is distinct or peculiar to a particular people cannot be reliable. To make my point lucid, this research uses the Yoruba of south-west Nigeria as paradigm. I contend that the emergence of Egbe Omo Oduduwa is not tied to a special or peculiar identity, but a surge in the need to emphasize common grounds over differences in order to establish a common cause for a perceived identity. The point that has been established thus far is that all the small kingdoms and mighty empires that claim to share the Yoruba identity in contemporary times, were hitherto sworn enemies who hardly perceive things from a similar perspective. It is however interesting to note that it was during the colonial era and the press for political independence that informed the need to coalesce and create an identity from that which cuts across all of them to initiate a common denominator. From the exploration of the Yoruba peoples from earliest times to the present times, it is the case that there was no perception of common ground prior 1945. The factors that led to the recognition of a common ground are tied to the struggle for liberation from foreign powers. It is on this that note that this research submits that identities are human creations and they neither primordially original nor pure.
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Ayodele, Johnson O. "Agba, ajobi and ajogbe as Structures of Vigilantism among the Egba People of Nigeria." South African Review of Sociology 48, no. 3 (July 3, 2017): 64–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2017.1369151.
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Thompson, O. Olasupo, S. Abiodun Afolabi, Onyekwere George Felix Nwaorgu, and Rebecca Remi Aduradola. "‘Oku Mi Ko Gbodo Sun Ita’." Ethnic Studies Review 43, no. 1 (2020): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2020.43.1.125.
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Burial of human beings in houses or within residential premises is a common occurrence in developing countries. Despite the negative impacts it has on the social and economic lives of the people and society at large, particularly on public health, this norm has continued. However, this area has not been given adequate attention in recent scholarship. Against this backdrop, this article traces the development, appropriation, and misappropriation of burial sites and public cemeteries among the indigenous people of Egba land. It also examines the responses of the government to this phenomenon. This study was done through the use of archival sources, extant literature, media reports, pictographs, and interviews. The study reveals that the misappropriation of burial sites and cemeteries is a result of indigenous belief systems, illiteracy, inadequate lands for burial and cemeteries, cost and proximity of burial sites, and insecurity, among other things. It also finds that the few who appropriate burial sites and cemeteries were educated, enlightened, and averagely wealthy individuals, socially placed individuals. It recommends that governments at both state and local levels, particularly local levels that are vested with the maintenance of burial sites and cemeteries, should be strengthened to adequately appropriate cemeteries and burial sites in Egba land, south west Nigeria, like most indigenous people.
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Oduntan, Oluwatoyin B. "Iwe Irohin and the Representation of the Universal in Nineteenth-Century Egbaland." History in Africa 32 (2005): 295–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2005.0018.
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The nineteenth century was in many ways a revolutionary one among the Yoruba of western Nigeria. The Yoruba civil wars caused much social and political disorganization of the existing entities in Yorubaland. Among other effects, the wars caused the uprooting of conquered and devastated peoples from their original homes to new lands. The Egba people were one of these. From their original homeland they moved south to settle at Abeokuta in 1830. They were later to be joined by other displaced peoples including the Ijaiye and the Owu, thus making Abeokuta a federation of sorts. The initial decades of settlement at Abeokuta were devoted to the consolidation of the new settlement against the attacks of the stronger and older kingdoms of Ijebu and Dahomey, to continued participation in the ongoing civil wars, and to the challenges of domestic political and economic reorganization. From 1839 liberated slaves from Sierra Leone began to settle in Abeokuta, soon to be followed by European missionaries.
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Idumwonyi, Itohan Mercy, and Solomon Ijeweimen Ikhidero. "Resurgence of the Traditional Justice System in Postcolonial Benin (Nigeria) Society." African Journal of Legal Studies 6, no. 1 (2013): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12342017.
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Abstract Rules and norms of behaviour are common features in human society. This is confirmed by human being’s desire for protection, fairness and mutual respect from fellow humans in their social groups. Recognized authorities whose sanctions are respected help to ensure fairness and mutual respect for each other. For the traditional Benin (African) society, the issue of law and justice is the joint concern of the deities, ancestors and the human members within the society. The aim of this paper, is to examine (i) the relevance of traditional justice system in postcolonial Benin (African) society; and (ii) the unwavering respect for traditional values which the Benin (African) people have maintained even in a postcolonial era; and argue that the continual preference for traditional methods of obtaining justice by the people of Benin (Africa) are not unconnected with the inherent limitations of the received English legal system within an African terrain. As insiders, we propose a harmonization of a ‘euro-afro-centric judicial system, for we believe that this would be beneficial and progressive for us as a people in quest for justice in a postcolonial Benin (African) society.
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Fape, Michael O. "National Anglican Identity Formation: An African Perspective." Journal of Anglican Studies 6, no. 1 (June 2008): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740355308091383.
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ABSTRACTAfrica played a prominent role in the formation of earliest Christianity not least in the persons of Cyprian of Carthage and Augustine of Hippo. The Anglican heritage is considered through the experience of the Yoruba people in south-west Nigeria through whom christian faith came to the rest of Nigeria. The Anglicanism which came to the Yoruba was evangelical through the Church Missionary Society, though a key role was played by liberated slaves from Sierra Leone. Contexts in which the gospel is proclaimed and the way it is expressed may change, yet the contents of the gospel do not. A contextualized curriculum thus includes key courses such as biblical studies and systematic theology. It also includes contextual subjects such as African traditional religions and Islam and Christianity. The Church of Nigeria has thus undertaken a thorough review of the curriculum to adequately represent this kind of contextualized theology.
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Folorunso, Caleb A. "Archaeology in the Public Space in Nigeria." AP: Online Journal in Public Archaeology 10 (March 21, 2021): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.23914/ap.v10i0.300.
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Nigeria, with over 200 million people, covers an area of 923,768 km2 and it occupies the eastern section of the West African region (Figure 1). The regions of Nigeria have prehistoric sites spanning from the Early Stone Age through the Middle Stone Age, the Late Stone Age/Neolithic to the Iron Age and the beginning of urbanization. Several historic empires, states and polities developed within the geographical area now occupied by Nigeria and had left archaeological relics.
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Okafor, Eddie E. "Francophone Catholic Achievements in Igboland, 1883-–1905." History in Africa 32 (2005): 307–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2005.0020.
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When the leading European powers were scrambling for political dominion in Africa, the greatest rival of France was Britain. The French Catholics were working side by side with their government to ensure that they would triumph in Africa beyond the boundaries of the territories already annexed by their country. Thus, even when the British sovereignty claim on Nigeria was endorsed by Europe during the Berlin Conference of 1884-85, the French Catholics did not concede defeat. They still hoped that in Nigeria they could supplant their religious rivals: the British Church Missionary Society (CMS) and the other Protestant missionary groups. While they allowed the British to exercise political power there, they took immediate actions to curtail the spread and dominion of Protestantism in the country. Thus some of their missionaries stationed in the key French territories of Africa—Senegal, Dahomey, and Gabon—were urgently dispatched to Nigeria to compete with their Protestant counterparts and to establish Catholicism in the country.Two different French Catholic missions operated in Nigeria between 1860s and 1900s. The first was the Society of the African Missions (Société des Missions Africaines or SMA), whose members worked mainly among the Yoruba people of western Nigeria and the Igbos of western Igboland. The second were the Holy Ghost Fathers (Pères du Saint Esprit), also called Spiritans, who ministered specifically to the Igbo people of southeastern Nigeria. The French Catholics, the SMA priests, and the Holy Ghost Fathers competed vehemently with the British Protestants, the CMS, for the conversion of African souls. Just as in the political sphere, the French and British governments competed ardently for annexation and colonization of African territories.
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Gilbert, Juliet. "Mobile identities: photography, smartphones and aspirations in urban Nigeria." Africa 89, no. 2 (May 2019): 246–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000197201900007x.
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AbstractSince 2012, the influx of affordable smartphones to urban Nigeria has revolutionized how young people take, store and circulate photographs. Crucially, this ever-expanding digital archive provides urban youth with a means to communicate new ideas of self, allowing a marginalized group to display fortunes that often belie their difficult realities. Through gestures and poses, fashion and style, the companionship of others, or the use of particular backdrops and locations, these photographs contain certain semiotics that allude to the subject owning the means for success in urban Nigeria. Similarly, as youth constantly store photographs of themselves on their handsets alongside those of celebrities, patrons and friends, coveted commodities and aspirational memes, they construct personal narratives that place them at the centre of global flows and networks. With the ability to constantly retake, update and propagate photographs, the discrepancies between in- and off-frame identities become ambiguous. This article explores how young people in Calabar, south-eastern Nigeria, use digital photographs on their mobile phones to cultivate new visions of themselves. Arguing that these photographs not only represent superlative aspirations but are also integral to social becoming, the discussion examines how digital images allow youth to reposition themselves within (and beyond) Nigerian society. Ephemerality is central: digital photographs can be easily circulated and retain some permanence on social media, yet these immaterial objects can easily be lost from handsets. In thinking about the futures of African youth and African photography, this article therefore interrogates the tensions of private and public archives.
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Odia, Cyril Aigbadon. "The Role of Scripture in Theology: Is Africa Getting it Right?" International Bulletin of Mission Research 43, no. 2 (May 8, 2018): 134–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2396939318775260.
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Teaching Christian religious studies in Nigeria, like in many other Christian African countries, is based on the use of Scripture. Such instruction is a continuation of the basic faith formation young people have received from their parents, church, and local community. Effective religious education cannot be restricted only to the classroom but must also include social acts of kindness and community building. African theology in recent years has grown with the rise of African Independent Churches and biblical studies. Scriptural studies in the Nigerian secondary school curriculum help construct the basic platform for sustaining a Scripture-based African theology.
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Elikwu, Charles, and Oladapo Walker. "COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria: A review." Babcock University Medical Journal (BUMJ) 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.38029/bumj.v3i1.29.
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Background: An ongoing outbreak of pneumonia associated with a novel coronavirus was reported in Wuhan city, China. This new virus was named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by the Coronavirus Study Group (CSG) of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. That disease, caused by the SARS-CoV-2, has been named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the WHO. The outbreak has since spread across the globe, including countries in Africa. Main body: The dominant mode of transmission is from the respiratory tract, via droplets or indirectly via fomites, and to a lesser extent via aerosols. The rapidity with which the infection spread throughout the world was unexpected. The disease has now affected 212 countries, areas, or territories, with more than 2.1 million total confirmed cases and over 144 thousand fatalities as at the time of writing. It, therefore, behooves countries of the world to take firm public health measures for the pandemic is to be contained. Conclusion: Nigeria, with a population of at least 170 million people, is of global interest because a rapid rise in the number of infected people will have serious implications not only for the country but for the whole African continent.%MCEPASTEBIN%
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Babatunde, Kamaldin Abdulsalam, and Siti Ezaleila Mustafa. "Culture and Communication: Effects of Cultural Values and Source Credibility in a Multicultural Society, Nigeria." Jurnal Pengajian Media Malaysia 20, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jpmm.vol20no2.4.
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Coming from a psychological view of self concepts related theories: schemata and self construal, we investigated the effectiveness of celebrity endorsement in a multicultural society-African context. The study was to examine whether the celebrity endorsement strategy is effective in Africa culture as claimed in some studies. We used focus group discussions comprising people of different ethnic backgrounds in Nigeria. Findings indicate that celebrity endorsement is not effective in Nigeria cultural context and that African audience perceptions of source credibility are markedly different from the Western societies’. However, the study reveals that for celebrity endorsement effectiveness, cultural values play an important role. Recommendations for advertising managers and marketers are discussed as well as suggestions for future research.
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Essien, Edet. "Theater for development in contemporary Nigeria: problems and prospects." International Journal of Humanities and Innovation (IJHI) 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33750/ijhi.v3i1.66.
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Theater has become more popular over the years. It is generally known to people as a building designed for the performance of plays, dances, etc. This paper is aimed at espousing the pertinence of theater in national development, especially in a developing African nation-state like Nigeria. In doing this, the paper identifies and discusses the exploitable prospects and problems that go along with the deployment of theater in enhancing Nigeria’s development. The paper concludes that despite the challenges, theater plays a vital role to play towards creating a reliable, effective, and responsive representative institution and in advancing the frontiers of development of the Nigerian society.
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VAN DEN BERSSELAAR, DMITRI. "WHO BELONGS TO THE ‘STAR PEOPLE’? NEGOTIATING BEER AND GIN ADVERTISEMENTS IN WEST AFRICA, 1949–75." Journal of African History 52, no. 3 (November 2011): 385–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185371100048x.
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ABSTRACTThis article explores the different trajectories of advertising for schnapps gin and beer in Ghana and Nigeria during the period of decolonisation and independence up to 1975. It analyses published newspaper advertisements alongside correspondence, advertising briefs, and market research reports found in business archives. Advertising that promoted a ‘modern’ life-style worked for beer, but not for gin. This study shows how advertisements became the product of negotiations between foreign companies, local businesses, and consumers. It provides insights into the development of advertising in West Africa, the differing ways in which African consumers attached meanings to specific commodities, and possibilities for the use of advertisements as sources for African history.
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Dike, Uche A. "African Culture of Communication in the Global Village: The Experience of Ogba People in Rivers State Nigeria." Open Journal of Philosophy 03, no. 01 (2013): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojpp.2013.31a020.
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Maina, Mahmoud. "Online science campaign to inspire the next generation of African scientists." Biochemist 40, no. 6 (December 1, 2018): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio04006038.
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We can often assume that the importance of science to our lives and in driving societal developmental is obvious to most people. However, there is a high level of cultural and religious misconception about science in Africa. In Nigeria, Africa's most populous nation, science literacy is extremely low, partly due to the near absence of science communication by scientists, which itself could be partly linked to low government support for science. In schools, many science teachers lack equipment for science teaching and do not employ alternative innovative teaching approaches.
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Òkéwándé, Olúwọlé Tẹ́wọ́gboyè, and Adéfúnkẹ Kẹhìndé Adébáyọ. "Investigating African Belief in the Concept of Reincarnation: The case of Ifá and Ayò Ọlọ́pọ́n. Symbolism among the Yoruba of Southwestern Nigeria." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies 13, no. 2 (2021): 267–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2021.209.
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The concept of reincarnation, a situation where a dead person comes back to life, is as old as human beings. However, there is divergence in the belief among various religions. African religion such as Ifá uses symbols to validate the belief in reincarnation. Ifá is the foundation of the culture of the Yoruba people. The present study aims to define the concept of reincarnation in Ifá and in ayò ọlọ́pọ́n to substantiate African beliefs in the concept of reincarnation. No known work either relates Ifá with the concept of reincarnation or connects ayò ọlọ́pọ́n with Ifá to solve a cultural problem. The present study fills this gap. Symbolism, a mode in semiotics where an object signifies or represents something or somebody, is adopted for the analysis of the study since symbolism is fundamental to Ifá. The visitation of Odù in Ifá is related to the ayò game, linking the symbolism in both Ifá and ayò ọlọ́pọ́n to the realization or application of the concept of reincarnation in human life, especially among Africans and the Yoruba people. It is determined that there is synergy between Ifá and ayò ọlọ́pọ́n, and reincarnation. The study concludes that reincarnation is an encapsulated concept illustrated by Ifá and ayò ọlọ́pọ́n- the religious and social life of the Yoruba people. African cultural symbols are tangible means of cultural heritage that solve contemporary and controversial human issues such as the African belief in reincarnation.
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Newell, Stephanie. "Remembering J. M. Stuart-Young of Onitsha, Colonial Nigeria: Memoirs, Obituaries and Names." Africa 73, no. 4 (November 2003): 505–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2003.73.4.505.
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AbstractColonial Onitsha provided the stage for John Moray Stuart-Young (1881–1939), a Manchester trader and poet, to perform the role of an educated gentleman. In his autobiographical writing, Stuart-Young created a host of famous metropolitan friends and constructed for himself a past through which he invited African readers to remember him. The extent to which Onitsha citizens accepted his version of his life is explored in this article, for during the period of Stuart-Young's residence in town, from approximately 1909 until his death in 1939, different sectors of Igbo society observed him closely, read his publications, worked with him and witnessed his patronage of young men. Local people, including the children, studied his behaviour over time and produced a range of African names and watchwords by which they remembered his life.
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Adebayo, Kudus. "“I have a divine call to heal my people”: Motivations and strategies of Nigerian medicine traders in Guangzhou, China." Migration Letters 17, no. 6 (November 22, 2020): 755–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v17i6.963.
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This case study explored the motivations and strategies of Nigerian medicine traders in responding to the health-care demands of co-migrants in China using observations and interview data from two Nigerian medicine traders in Guangzhou. The medicine traders initially responded to a ‘divine call’ but they shared similar economic motivations to survive, served predominantly African clientele and relied on ‘flyers’ and family networks to source for medicinal commodities between Nigeria and China. They were similar and different in certain respects and their undocumented statuses affected them in Guangzhou. The case study showed how survival pressures produced African health entrepreneurs in China.
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Muftahu, Muhammad, and Hazri Jamil. "The Demographic Shifts in West African Countries: Implications for Access to Higher Education in Nigeria." Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences 6, no. 3 (July 25, 2020): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/apss.v6i3.1391.
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Africa as a continent is so far the fastest growing in the entire world where the projections indicted that the population of the continent would increase by 50% in the next two decades. Presently, the population of the region stands at 1.2 billion and the West African states consist of 15% of the total number while Nigeria accounts for nearly 200 million people with 44% of the people under 15 years old. Consequently, the purpose of this research paper is to see how the demographic change has implications for access to the Nigerian higher education system with a specific focus on university education. In order to understand this phenomenon, this research engaged in secondary data analysis as a technique to obtain information in achieving the study’s objectives. Subsequently, even though the total number of secondary school graduates or output was not accessible for this study, the analysed data from the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) indicated that 1,687,551 and 1,557,017 students sat for university matriculation examinations in Nigeria for 2016 and 2017 academic sessions respectively, in which 97% of the candidates were seeking admission to universities specifically. Similarly, the data indicated that over 65% of the candidates have met the required points to be admitted into universities. On the other hand, data from the National Universities Commission (NUC) showed that there are a total of 91 public universities in Nigeria including both the federal and state universities with a capacity of less than 500,000, showing that more than 50% of the qualified students will be left unadmitted. Consequently, this study strongly recommends adequate demographic shift consideration while planning the national higher education policies in relation to access to university education and higher educational institutions in general.
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Shipton, Parker, and Mitzi Goheen. "Introduction. Understanding African Land-Holding: Power, Wealth, and Meaning." Africa 62, no. 3 (July 1992): 307–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1159746.
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Africa is the region with the sparsest overall population, but to infer that Africa has no problems of rural land shortage would be quite wrong. The continent has the highest and fastest-rising rate of population growth—lately over 3 per cent annually—and the distribution of people across the continent is quite uneven. At least as far as rain-fed lands are concerned, some of its local densities already count among the world's highest. Several of its nations—for instance Kenya, Tanzania, and Nigeria—encompass within their borders a full spectrum from range land or desert with fewer than five per square kilometre to better-watered settlements of over 500 per square kilometre, where domestic groups have space for little more than kitchen gardens.
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Okunola, Rashidi Akanji, and Matthias Olufemi Dada Ojo. "Zangbeto: The Traditional Way of Policing and Securing the Community among the Ogu (Egun) People in Badagry, Nigeria." Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 8, no. 1 (February 27, 2016): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v8i1.9.
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This paper is an ethnological and anthropological study of Zangbeto among the Ogu (Egun) people of Badagry, in Nigeria. The study utilized survey design approach with emphasis on qualitative method: interview, focus group discussion and key informant investigation. Purposive and convenience sampling procedures under non –probability sampling were used in selecting the study area and respondents who participated in the study (n=40). The data gathered from the field of study were analyzed, using content analysis method. The findings in the study revealed that Zangbeto still remains an effective social machinery of policing and securing the lives and properties in the Badagry community. It also played a prominent role in making peace among the feuding parties in the community and still remains an avenue of social entertainment and cultural display. The study called for the legal backing of Zangbeto as a traditional way of policing and security the lives and properties in this community and the continuous researches of African societies to uncover ways through which African societies can help themselves where westernization has failed them.
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Elelu, N., and M. C. Eisler. "A review of bovine fasciolosis and other trematode infections in Nigeria." Journal of Helminthology 92, no. 2 (May 22, 2017): 128–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x17000402.
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AbstractTrematode infections cause serious economic losses to livestock worldwide. Global production losses due to fasciolosis alone exceed US$3 billion annually. Many trematode infections are also zoonotic and thus a public health concern. The World Health Organization has estimated that about 56 million people worldwide are infected by at least one zoonotic trematode species, and up to 750 million people are at risk of infection. Fasciolosis caused by the flukeFasciola giganticais endemic in Nigeria and is one of the most common causes of liver condemnation in abattoirs. Total cattle losses fromFasciolainfection in Nigeria have been estimated to cost £32.5 million. Other trematode infections of cattle, including paramphistomosis, dicrocoeliasis and schistosomiasis, have all been reported in various parts of Nigeria, with varying prevalence. Most publications on trematode infections are limited to Nigerian local and national journals, with very few international reports. This paper therefore summarized the current data on distribution, control and zoonotic trematode infections in Nigeria and other African countries. We also identified research gaps and made recommendations for future research and areas for funding for policy/planning.
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Utietiang Ukelina, Bekeh. "The Mis-education of the African Child: The Evolution of British Colonial Education Policy in Southern Nigeria, 1900–1925." ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY 7, no. 2 (February 18, 2021): 141–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajhis.7-2-3.
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Education did not occupy a primal place in the European colonial project in Africa. The ideology of "civilizing mission", which provided the moral and legal basis for colonial expansion, did little to provide African children with the kind of education that their counterparts in Europe received. Throughout Africa, south of the Sahara, colonial governments made little or no investments in the education of African children. In an attempt to run empire on a shoestring budget, the colonial state in Nigeria provided paltry sums of grants to the missionary groups that operated in the colony and protectorate. This paper explores the evolution of the colonial education system in the Southern provinces of Nigeria, beginning from the year of Britain’s official colonization of Nigeria to 1925 when Britain released an official policy on education in tropical Africa. This paper argues that the colonial state used the school system as a means to exert power over the people. Power was exercised through an education system that limited the political, technological, and economic advancement of the colonial people. The state adopted a curricular that emphasized character formation and vocational training and neglected teaching the students, critical thinking and advanced sciences. The purpose of education was to make loyal and submissive subjects of the state who would serve as a cog in the wheels of the exploitative colonial machine.
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Bó̩láńlé Tajudeen, Ò̩pò̩o̩lá. "Linguistic Verbal Arts and the Problem of Overpopulation Growth in Nigeria." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 10, no. 3 (June 30, 2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.10n.3p.55.
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Linguistic verbal arts deals with the use of chants, statements and verses of oral and written materials in expressing feelings using one language or the other. Among the challenges militating against expected human and material development in many African countries is population explosion. Available social infrastructures can no longer adequately satisfy the needs of the people. At present, in Nigeria compared with what obtained many years ago, religious practices are taken as excuses for marrying many wives when in the actual sense, there are often misinterpretations of the doctrines of the religions. The findings of this paper is that though many Nigerians are either Muslims or Christians with few number of traditional religious faith, the lust for marrying more than one wife did not make them obey the doctrines of their religious practices. This paper derives its strength from collation of verbal arts as expressed in the Holy Books of the Muslims, Christians and Ifá Oracle, one of the African traditional religions. The paper posits that no religion in Nigeria advocates for many wives and many children. The implication of this paper among others is that it provides valuable information on Nigerian population particularly as this concept remains a great troubling issue for Nigerian and many African governments. It is yet an attempt aimed at discouraging Africans from creating more problems for themselves and the continent through production of more children than they can cater for.
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Alawode, Sunday Olayinka, and Olufunke Oluseyi Adesanya. "Content Analysis Of 2015 Election Political Advertisments In Selected National Dailies Of Nigeria." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 5 (February 28, 2016): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n5p234.
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The Nigerian Press in its 156 years of existence from the Reverend Henry Townsend days has been enmeshed in politics and is in fact insoluble from it like Siamese twins. From its debut in November 23rd 1859 with “Iwe Iroyin fun Awon Ara Egba ati Yoruba” (Newspaper for the Egbas and Yorubas) the press has taken centre stage in matters affecting all spheres of individual life and collective existence including religion, education, economy and politics among others. Thenewspaper was actually noted to have educated the growing publics about history and politics of the time. The growth in media has given room for political parties to reach larger groups of constituents, and tailor their adverts to reach new demographics. Unlike the campaigns of the past, advances in media have streamlined the process, giving candidates more optionsto reach even larger group of constituents with very little physical efforts. Political advertising is a form of campaign used by political parties to reach and influence voters. It can include several different mediums and span several months over the course of a political campaign and the main aim is to sway the audience one way or the other. Political advertisements involve the use of advertising campaigns by politicians to bring their messages to the masses or the electorates in order to explain policy, inform citizens and connect people to their leaders. It is a form of campaigning by political candidates to reach and influence voters through diverse media (including web based media). Politics on the other hand has to do with activities involved in getting and using power in public life, and being able to influence decisions that affect a country or a society. Thus political advertisement in the context of this study are strategically placed information deliberately informing the populace or making public activities or personalities as well as political parties and ideologies in order to get and use power by placing such information in the newspapers. The Punch, The Guardian, Vanguard and Daily Trust were purposively selected for the study investigating prominence of political advertisements featured before, during and after the elections; contents as the pictures, logos, texts, and languages majorly used in the political advertisements; and adversarial or the slants/directions of the March 28th Presidential and April 11th 2015 Assemblies Elections.Content categories include language, logo/icon/symbols, issue/personality/event/activity, visuals/pix, size, colour, political ideology among others. The study reveals that political adverts were prominent in the newspapers during the six-month period with the dominance of full page adverts, mostly inside-page adverts, aspirant-filled pictures, PDP-dominated and coloured adverts, largely favourable and friendly adverts with rational appeal going before testimony appeals. It further shows that Punch closely followed by Guardian had the highest adverts, while PDP and APC dominated the political landscape with low presence of adversarial contents. The study recommends more ethical monitoring of political adverts as well as the de-commodification of newspaper contents.
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Gilliland, Dean S. "Principles of the Christian Approach to an African-Based Islamic Society." Missiology: An International Review 25, no. 1 (January 1997): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009182969702500102.
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The people called Isawa are an aberration of Islam living in various communities in northern Nigeria. The question for religionists is whether they are traditional African with a Muslim orientation or Muslim of the “folk” variety. Because of their loyalty to Isa, whom they consider a more worthy prophet than Muhammad, they have, by choice, separated themselves from Muslims. Christians need to understand the history of the Isawa and not make claims that they are an expression of incipient Christianity because of their attachment to Isa. The Isawa must be seen in light of their own practices, beliefs, and self-definition. The Christian approach must be relational rather than confrontative.
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Ayonrinde, Oyedeji, Oye Gureje, and Rahmaan Lawal. "Psychiatric research in Nigeria: Bridging tradition and modernisation." British Journal of Psychiatry 184, no. 6 (June 2004): 536–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.184.6.536.
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Nigeria is a large West African country, more than 900 000 km2 in area–nearly four times the size of the UK. Despite having a population of about 117 million people, 42% of whom live in cities, Nigeria has about half the population density of the UK. About a sixth of all Africans are Nigerian. The country has a diverse ethnic mix, with over 200 spoken languages, of which three (Yoruba, Hausa and Ibo) are spoken by about 60% of the population. The official language of government and educational instruction is English. There is a federal system of government and 36 states. Religious practice has a major role in Nigeria's culture; of the two main religions, Islam predominates in the northern part of the country and Christianity in the south. A large proportion of the population still embraces traditional religions exclusively, or interwoven with either Islam or Christianity.
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Johnson, Segun. "Burkina-Mali War: Is Nigeria Still a Regional Power." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 42, no. 3 (July 1986): 294–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097492848604200306.
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Suddenly Burkina Faso and Mali were at war.‘Burkina was the aggressor***! No, it was Mali.!‘ And the attack and counter-attack continued. For the man on the street, Nigeria moved in barely four days after the war had started and that is good enough. For a student of West African states' foreign policy, that was a late more for Nigeria, more so when the hopes of Nigerians moves were dropped. For whatever the cause, Nigeria was expected to get the grasp of any crisis erupting in West Africa regardless of the countries involved—Francophones or Anglophones. Why? Authorities in the seventies had seen Nigeria in the subregion of West Africa as its “regional power.” John Ostheimer, in 1973, wrote that‘…Nigeria is now obviously the “giant of Africa” in a new sense. Nigeria… (is) the dominant power in the West Africa Region.’1 Colin Legum in the same year-wrote: Nigeria is Africa's most important country—in size of population and in resources—as well as in trained people. Properly developed and with a properly functioning political system-it could provide decisive leadership for the entire continent strong enough to consolidate a powerful organization embracing Anglophone and Francophone African States; militarily and economically strong enough to play a leading role in challenging the minority while regimes in Portuguese and Southern Africa and to provide more muscle for the OAU; and influential enough to strengthen the whole of Africa's relationships within the international community.2 In the same vein, and American paper in 1977 summed it up thus: ‘As the biggest, richest and most influential black African State, ‘Nigeria has an evident capacity to reduce the prospect of great power involvement in an African quarrel and and an evident self interest in doing so.3 But Nigeria did not react immediately to the Burkina-Mali crisis when it came into the open. Could it be that the impetus had gone or the ability had been reduced by internal problems? Attempts will be made to answer these important questions. For now, it is desirable to look at the remote and immediate causes of the border clash between the two warring states.
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Nnebedum, Chigozie. "Empirical Identity as Dimension of Development in Africa: With Special Reference to the Igbo Society of South-east of Nigeria." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 9, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mjss-2018-0039.
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Abstract Identity, as discussed in this paper, is seen as a phenomenon which is constantly changing under certain circumstances. From empirical point of view, the identity of man is influenced by the environment through experience and unconscious socialization; it is continually modified by the individual’s encounter with the world. The aim of this work is to analyse the intricacies involved in understanding the situation and mentality of the Igbos as far as identity is concerned and to determine how this hampers or helps in the development of the Igbo/African society. In this work ‘identity’ as a means of development with regard to the Igbo people of South-East Nigeria is treated. The work is methodically qualitative. It analyses literatures and different views on identity and tailors the discussion of development along the lines of hermeneutical approach to subjective experiences. The Igbos and Africans find themselves sometimes in the danger of a mixture of identity. This is the case with most of the Igbo people who are scattered all over the world and who are becoming more foreign in their trends and ways of life. Being unable to maintain a definite identity, one is lost in the politics of development. Those who still hang on to pure imitation of the western life are jeopardizing their autonomy and by extension, frustrating development of the African society. Rediscovering the Igbo/African Identity and putting it to the service of development in the African continent is the task of the Africans themselves.
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Zeph-Ojiako, Chizirim Favour, and Blessing Winny Anakwuba. "Promoting the image of Africa through media: the role of African leaders (case study of Nigeria)." UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities 20, no. 3 (October 30, 2020): 80–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ujah.v20i3.5.
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Media is the mirror through which people see the outside world. Media is information and information, they say, is power. The role of media in the obnoxious depiction of Africa and its people, which is mainly business-oriented, cannot be overemphasized. Innumerable negative reports and exaggerated stories have been intellectually presented, discussed and debated on both local and international media platforms with very wide or large audiences. This has affected Africans, especially how they are perceived and treated in the outside world and this has in turn caused emotional and psychological distress for Africans. What worsen the situation is the nonchalance of African leaders in taking adequate measures to put a stop to this stereotypical and Afro-pessimistic media exposure. This is why this study after examining the role of the Western media in stereotyping Africa through the Agenda-setting theory, and the sad experiences of Nigerians and other Africans in the diaspora gathered through interview, suggested roles that her leaders can play in promoting and rebranding the image of Africa and Nigeria in particular, in order to restore her glory before it descends into new lows. This paper therefore, presents the extent of this unfortunate portrayal of Africa to the rest of the world, how deep this has affected Africa and Africans negatively, the reasons for this negative connotations with Africa, and why the time is now not only for Africa to show to the world its profound histories and beautiful stories impeccably but also to strategically control the access and activities of researchers/ tourists/ media outlets in sensitive places within the continent. Also, how the African leaders can regain its image positively by promoting the real Africa to the world through Media.
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Rabiu, Taopheeq Bamidele, and Edward Oluwole Komolafe. "Neurosurgery in rural Nigeria: A prospective study." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 7, no. 04 (April 2016): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.188624.
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ABSTRACT Background: Africa has very few neurosurgeons. These are almost exclusively in urban centers. Consequently, people in rural areas, most of the African population, have poor or no access to neurosurgical care. We have recently pioneered rural neurosurgery in Nigeria. Objectives: This report details our initial experiences and the profile of neurosurgical admissions in our center. Methods: A prospective observational study of all neurosurgical patients managed at a rural tertiary health institution in Nigeria from December 2010 to May 2012 was done. Simple descriptive data analysis was performed. Results: A total of 249 males (75.2%) and 82 females (24.8%) were managed. The median age was 37 years (range: Day of birth – 94 years). Trauma was the leading cause of presentation with 225 (68.0%) and 35 (10.6%) having sustained head and spinal injuries, respectively. Operative intervention was performed in 54 (16.3%). Twenty-four (7.2%) patients discharged against medical advice, mostly for economic reasons. Most patients (208, 63.4%) had satisfactory outcome while 30 (9.1%) died. Conclusion: Trauma is the leading cause of rural neurosurgical presentations. There is an urgent need to improve access to adequate neurosurgical care in the rural communities.
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van den Bersselaar, Dmitri. "Missionary Knowledge and the State in Colonial Nigeria: On How G. T. Basden became an Expert." History in Africa 33 (2006): 433–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2006.0006.
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Between 1931 and 1937, the Anglican missionary G. T. Basden represented the Igbo people on the Nigerian Legislative Council. The Igbo had not elected Basden as their representative; he had been appointed by the colonial government. Basden's appointment seems remarkable. In 1923 the Legislative Council had been expanded to include seats for Unofficial Members, representing a number of Nigerian areas, with the expressed aim of increasing African representation on the Council. In selecting Basden the government went against their original intention that the representative of the Igbo area would be a Nigerian. However, the government decided that there was no “suitable” African candidate available, and that the appointment of a recognized European expert on the Igbo was an acceptable alternative. This choice throws light on a number of features of the Nigerian colonial state in 1930s, including the limitations of African representation and the definition of what would make a “suitable” African candidate.In this paper I am concerned with the question of how Basden became recognized as an expert by the colonial government and also, more generally, with the linkages between colonial administrations' knowledge requirements and missionary knowledge production. Missionary-produced knowledge occupied a central, but also somewhat awkward position in colonial society. On the one hand, colonial governments and missions shared a number of common assumptions and expectations about African peoples. On the other hand, there also existed tensions between missions and government, partly reflecting differing missionary and administrative priorities, which means that the missionary expert was not often recognized as such.
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Igbinovia, S. O., and P. E. Orukpe. "Rural electrification: the propelling force for rural development of Edo State, Nigeria." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 18, no. 3 (August 1, 2007): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2007/v18i3a3383.
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Since the advent of technology, the ability for Man to do work has been enhanced by the discovery of various forms of energy and the efficient manage-ment of these energy resources. Thus, all over the world, the GNP of a nation depends on the energy consumption per capita and the growth in the macro-economics of the locality. This paper addresses the Edo State’s Governments Rural Electrification Scheme, which has been in operation since 1957. The population of the localities, the area coverage in square kilometres and the index of industrialization of the Local Government Area (LGA) are presented. The number of electrified towns compared with the total number of localities per LGA by the successive governments’ shows that the rate of rural electrification is 18%. Consequent-ly, industrialization and the standard of living of Edo State’s people are also seriously affected. It is rec-ommended that to enhance the economic disposi-tion of rural people, the federal government, state government, the local government authority, busi-ness operators in the localities and people involved, must put all their resources together to build stable and reliable electrification schemes all over the country, the back bone of any nations technological development and stable Gross National Product (GNP). The recommendations made will benefit other African countries in general.
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Mathews, Gordon. "African Logistics Agents and Middlemen as Cultural Brokers in Guangzhou." Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 44, no. 4 (December 2015): 117–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810261504400406.
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This article begins by asking how African traders learn to adjust to the foreign world of Guangzhou, China, and suggests that African logistics agents and middlemen serve as cultural brokers for these traders. After defining “cultural broker” and discussing why these brokers are not usually Chinese, it explores this role as played by ten logistics agents/middlemen from Kenya, Nigeria, Ghana and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. As logistics agents, these people help their customers in practically adjusting to Chinese life, and as middlemen they serve to grease the wheels of commerce between African customers and Chinese suppliers. This is despite their own ambivalent views of China as a place to live. They play an essential role in enabling harmonious relations between Africans and Chinese in Guangzhou, even though they see themselves not as cultural brokers but simply as businessmen.
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Olukoju, Ayodeji. "Fishing, Migrations and Inter-group Relations in the Gulf of Guinea (Atlantic Coast of West Africa) in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries." Itinerario 24, no. 1 (March 2000): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300008688.
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The Gulf of Guinea, home to numerous ethnic nationalities, stretches from the Republic of Senegal in the west to Nigeria in the east. There have been population movements and socio-economic interactions within and across the coastal belt over the past millennium. In response to their environment, the people have been engaged in fishing, salt-making, commerce and boat making. Fishing, the pivot of their economy, has taken the leading fishing groups – the Fante and Ewe (Keta) of the Republic of Ghana, and the Izon (Ijaw), Itsekiri and Ilaje of Nigeria – all over the entire West African coastline, where they have established many settlements.
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Nweke, Kizito Chinedu, and Ikenna Paschal Okpaleke. "The Re-emergence of African Spiritualities: Prospects and Challenges." Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies 36, no. 4 (September 10, 2019): 246–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265378819866215.
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Indigenous spiritualities among Africans, both in Africa and in the diaspora, are flourishing. In Lagos, Nigeria, for example, shrines compete with churches and mosques in adherents and positions. Beyond Africa, the rise of African spiritualities has become conspicuous. Reasons range from Afrocentrism to anti-religious tendencies to the popular religions, from racial animosity to politico-economic ideologies, yet insufficient attention is being paid to this new Afro-spiritualities. Can this renaissance in African spirituality bring forth or support a renaissance in Africa? Africa arguably domesticates the future of humanity. From ecological perspectives to the productivity of offspring, from economic potentials to viable youths for the future, Africa must become progressively discursive in the global platform. A good way to indulge in this would be to understand the spirit of Africa, in the traditional spiritualities that constructed orientations and worldviews of the people. Understanding and addressing African spiritualities constitute an important key in understanding the African identity.
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Ojo, M. Adeleye. "The Maitatsine Revolution in Nigeria." American Journal of Islam and Society 2, no. 2 (December 1, 1985): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v2i2.2772.
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The Maitatsine ‘Revolution’ in NigeriaThe spate of disturbances which had the appearance of Islamic fundamentalismin Nigeria in the early eighties can be viewed as a passing phase ofunderdevelopment. This symbolizes the realities of the Third World countriesespecially the African continent, where subsequent inefficient administrationshave created a people at odds with itself, hampered by theunderdevelopment of its economy, and socio-political lives, large turn-overof regimes and governments, all of which are engaged in governmentalmismanagement, military autocracies, and democratic dictatorship. Such disturbances,if not promptly nipped in the bud, can lead to a more serious disturbancereminiscent of the war in Chad and Ogaden desert or the revolts in Shaba.Of interest here is the series of riots which took place in some states ofNorthern Nigeria spanning specifically from Kano (1980), Bulumkutu (1982)and Jimeta Yola (1984). There were scares in 1982 of the same riots in majortowns in the North including Bauchi, Jos, Zaria and Sokoto. There were alsoclashes with the police in Kaduna, the headquarters of the former NorthernRegion, where an Assistant Police Commissioner was captured by the riotersand killed!Since then, there has been an avalanche of comments by the general public,many of them trying to find the cause(s) of the unrest. These various commentsassumed such a divergent outlook that it is not easy to group them neatlyunder any general heading(s). They range from the trivial and grotesque tothe most serious; from the possible and plausible to the absurd. While somedubbed the riots as sheer religious fantacism, others thought that it was politicallymotivated; and yet athers believe that the disturbances were caused byfaceless illegal aliens; while there are also those who think they were causedby outside interests like Mossad or Al-Mafisa ...
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Ìkò̩tún, Reuben Olúwáfé̩mi. "The Semantic Expansion of ‘Wife’ and ‘Husband’ among the Yorùbá of Southwestern Nigeria." Journal of Language and Education 3, no. 4 (December 31, 2017): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2411-7390-2017-3-4-36-43.
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Although one of the existing studies on Nigerian or African kinship terms has argued that semantic expansion of such words constitutes an absurdity to the English society, none has argued for the necessity of a specialized dictionary to address the problem of absurdity to the English society, the custodian of the English language. This is important especially now that the language has become an invaluable legacy which non-native speakers of the language use to express their culture as well as the fact that the English people now accept the Greek and Hebrew world-views through Christianity. This paper provides additional evidence in support of semantic expansion of kingship terms like ‘wife’ and ‘husband’ not only in a Nigerian or an African language but also in Greek and Hebrew languages. The paper argues that if English is to play its role as an international language, it will be desirable if our lexicographers can publish a specialized dictionary that will take care of kinship terms, as it is the case in some other specialized dictionaries on the different professions such as medicine, nursing, linguistics and agriculture, to mention but a few, so as to guide against ambiguity or absurdity that may arise in language use in social interactions.
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Olakunle, Araromi Maxwell, and Aminat Oladunni Yinusa. "FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION IN NIGERIA AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS AMONG LEARNERS." Sokoto Educational Review 17, no. 1 (December 4, 2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35386/ser.v17i1.12.
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Foreign language education has not been given a pride of place in Nigeria due to poor policy implementation and negative attitude towards the teaching and learning of the languages. The rate of unemployment experienced by graduates of foreign languages has reached an alarming level and this has generated a concern among stakeholders in the field of foreign languages in Nigeria. Graduates of foreign languages are not expected to be redundant, jobless or unemployed or rely entirely on teaching jobs to survive as some people in some quarters frequently claim. Stakeholders in foreign language education have failed to take critical look at the curriculum content of the various foreign languages on the curriculum to see whether they are relevant to the socio – economic realities and values in Nigeria. This paper however seeks to examine the curriculum content of the foreign languages on the curriculum with the view to ascertaining their relevance to the socio-economic realities and values in Nigeria. It was affirmed that the content of the foreign language curriculum should be able to meet the vocational and entrepreneurial needs of the teeming unemployed youths in Nigeria. There is urgent need to disabuse the mind of people on the erroneous belief that the only career available for graduates of foreign languages is teaching career. We therefore recommended that government should focus more attention on the teaching of foreign languages for specific, technical and vocational purposes in order to resolve the problem of unemployment ravaging Nigeria as a country and African continent in its entirety.
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Ibeh, Isaiah Nnanna, Seyi Samson Enitan, Richard Yomi Akele, Christy Chinwe Isitua, and Felix Omorodion. "Global Impacts and Nigeria Responsiveness to the COVID-19 Pandemic." International Journal of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, no. 64 (April 25, 2020): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/ijhms.64.27.45.
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The Coronavirus Disease – 2019 (COVID-19) is officially now a pandemic and not just a public health emergency of international concern as previously labelled. Worldwide, the new coronavirus has infected more than 4.9 million people and leaving more than 300,000 people dead in 188 countries. As countries of the world get locked down in an effort to contain the widespread of the virus, experts are concern about the global impacts of the pandemic on individuals, countries and the world at large. Millions of people are currently under quarantine across the globe. Many countries have responded by proclaiming a public health emergency, closed their borders and restrict incoming flights from high risk countries. This has grossly affected the travel plan of many. Several international programs, conferences, workshops and sporting activities are either postponed or cancelled. As the number of confirmed cases continues to escalate across the globe, hospitals seems to be running out of medical supplies, hospital spaces and personnel. Health workers are being overwhelmed by the numbers of people requesting for testing and treatment. Many of such health workers have been infected with the coronavirus and even lost their lives since the fight against COVID-19 started. Public health experts are also concerned about the huge medical wastes coming from the hospitals at this time and the adverse effects associated with improper management of such medical wastes, both at the hospital and community levels. The pandemic has also impacted negatively on the global economy. There have been serious crises in the stock market, with gross fall in the price of crude oil resulting in inflation and economic hardship among the populace. Many are currently out of job and as a result, the level of crime, protest and violence have continued to escalate in different parts of the world. The deaths of loved ones due to the coronavirus has left many emotionally traumatized. Nigeria, like other African countries is not spared of the ravaging effects of the pandemic, even as the government take strict measures to contain the virus. No doubt, this is very challenging, but the country is capable of surmounting the virus with the needed help from her international partners and cooperation from the citizenry. But if we as a people, remain complacent and continue with business as usual, without taking measures to flatten the curve, the disease will escalate too quickly beyond our capacity to handle and our health system will be overwhelmed and may collapse eventually. We cannot therefore afford to be complacent in our response to containing the pandemic.
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Hendrie, Hugh C., Olusegun Baiyewu, Denise Eldemire, and Carol Prince. "Caribbean, Native American, and Yoruba." International Psychogeriatrics 8, S3 (May 1997): 483–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610297003906.
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Studying behavioral disturbances of dementia across cultures allows us to identify commonalities and differences that may be useful in determining the best approach to managing these problems. However, what we tend to find in cross-cultural studies is that the best approach may not be the same approach, given the different prevalence of and levels of tolerance for various behavioral problems. These differences are apparent in the authors' studies of four populations—Jamaicans in Kingston; Cree in Northern Manitoba, Canada; Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria; and African Americans in the United States. The Jamaicans in this study live in a poor suburb of Kingston, the Cree live in two fairly small, isolated communities in Northern Manitoba, and the Yoruba live in Ibadan, a city of more than 1 million people. The Yoruba community the authors are studying, although concentrated in the city center, functions much like a village. The African-American population resides in Indianapolis, Indiana, a moderately sized city of approximately 1 million people.
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Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi, and Toochukwu John Ezeugo. "Bush allowance and alienation: a challenge to African leadership and development in Kaine Agary’s Yellow-Yellow." UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities 20, no. 3 (October 30, 2020): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ujah.v20i3.3.
Full textAbstract:
African countries have experienced various forms of alienation both from natural occurrences and human forces. Environmental hazards have displaced some people from their parents and their ancestral homes. On the other hand, exploitation, privatization and uneven distribution of natural resources of the people by few privileged individuals, especially the politicians, have also alienated the people from their environment. Attempt to agitate or these factors of displacement and alienation often leads to a compromise and reliance on meager allocation of bush allowance which serves as compensation to the people. It is no doubt that this denial of collective participation of people in decision, especially as it concerns their welfare and natural minerals, has contributed to poor leadership and under development of Africa amidst her abundant resources. The alienation of people from decision has become some sort of abortion of dreams and suppression/ obliteration of ingenuity capable of transformation and development. This study is a qualitative research which seeks to textually explore the concept of bush allowance and alienation in Agary’s Yellow-Yellow in order to examine the extent they affect leadership quality and development in Africa, especially in Niger-delta of Nigeria. To do this the principle of Eco-centrism and the theory of Empowerment are used as analytical models as well as theoretical framework. Findings revealed that exploitation of natural minerals by those in authority has more adverse effects on the people than the environmental forces. The alienation of people from the decision making process creates imbalance and violence in society which deter development especially in Africa. This study also shows that over dependence in bush allowance affects self development and empowerment. The study therefore concludes that the development of a people is in their hands.
Keywords: Bush allowance, leadership, alienation, development, Yellow-Yellow
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Balogun, Oluwakemi M., and Kimberly Kay Hoang. "Political Economy of Embodiment: Capitalizing on Globally Staged Bodies in Nigerian Beauty Pageants and Vietnamese Sex Work." Sociological Perspectives 61, no. 6 (September 6, 2018): 953–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121418797292.
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How do various stakeholders capitalize off of display workers’ bodies? This article uses a comparative-case approach to examine two different sites—beauty pageants in Nigeria and high-end sex workers in Vietnam—where women’s bodies are differentially staged with varying degrees of visibility. Theoretically, this article develops the concept of political economy of embodiment to account for a network of people onstage, backstage, and offstage who capitalize off displayed bodies in qualitatively different ways. Beauty pageants in Nigeria take place on highly visible national and global stages. Contestants’ bodies signal African beauty as being fashion-forward, which propels and integrates Nigeria into international arenas of diplomacy and trade. High-end sex workers in Vietnam work on a stage that is hidden from the general public yet open for a select group of Vietnam’s elites. Sex workers’ bodies are on display to project an ideal of Asian ascendancy in Vietnam’s market.
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Young, Ademola Obafemi. "Cohort Size and Unemployment Rate: New Insights from Nigeria." Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies 13, no. 1 (January 2021): 122–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974910121989461.
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The debate on the nature of the relationship between cohort size and unemployment rate has been widely studied and generated a substantial body of literature in labor economics discourse. However, an in-depth reading of this literature suggests that, besides the fact that findings are mixed and do not provide conclusive evidences, one hardly ever comes across studies exclusively on African countries. Likewise, generalized studies across countries employing pooled data seem to dominate the literature. In light of these, the current study examines the nature of the said relationship, over the period 1970–2019, in Nigeria in a multivariate and dynamic framework. Employing Bounds testing procedure, the article finds that both the short-run and long-run impacts of cohort size on overall unemployment rate are positive and statistically significant. This suggests that aggregate unemployment rate tends to be higher when many young people supply labor. In view of these findings, the article recommends that government should collaborate with private sector to develop and implement functional microcredit schemes. Such schemes should be flexibly structured to avert institutional bottlenecks and enhance accountability and transparency in their management.
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Oladipo Ojo, Emmanuel. "CHANGE AND CONTINUITY AMONG THE BATOMBU SINCE 1900." Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 57, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v57i1.75.
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Like elsewhere in Nigeria and Africa, the imposition of colonial rule on Batombuland and the incursion of western ideas produced profound socio-cultural, economic and political changes in the Batombu society. However, unlike several Nigerian and African peoples whose histories have received extensive scholarly attention, the history of the Batombu has attracted very little scholarly attention. Thus virtually neglected, the Batombu occupies a mere footnote position in the extant historiography of Nigeria. This is the gap this article seeks to fill. It examines the impact of colonialism and western civilisation on Batombu’s political, social, economic and cultural institutions and concludes that as profound and far-reaching as these changes were some important aspects of the indigenous institutions and traditional practices of the people survived.
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Wahab, E. O., S. O. Odunsi, and O. E. Ajiboye. "Causes and Consequences of Rapid Erosion of Cultural Values in a Traditional African Society." Journal of Anthropology 2012 (July 5, 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/327061.
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The culture of a people is their identity as it affords them due recognition. This paper therefore is aimed at examining the causes and consequences of rapid erosion of cultural values in nigeria. Social change theory was used in this paper. This study was carried out in ado-odo/ota lga, with a sample size of 203. Simple statistics like frequency distribution, percentile were used. Chi-square statistics was used in testing the hypotheses. The study found out that there is a positive relationship between social forces such as colonialism, westernization and erosion of cultural values. Also, it was found that there is a positive relationship between the local family structure and the foreign culture. The study concludes that forceful imposition of foreign culture should be discouraged.
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Awotokun, Kunle, and Olu Okotoni. "Governance and the Executive – Legislative Relations since Nigeria’s Fourth Republic (1999 – 2019) and Beyond." Public Administration Research 9, no. 2 (October 13, 2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/par.v9n2p28.
Full textAbstract:
The Year 2019 is very significant in the history of party politics in Nigeria. It marked a two decade of uninterrupted democratic regimes culminating in violent-free transition of political power from the defeated ruling political party, the People’s Democratic Party (PDP) to the opposition Party-All Progressive Congress (APC). The cut-throat rivalries among the political parties, as represented in the Executive and legislature, have been responsible for the political instability of the previous republics. What has been responsible for the relative calm in the political space of Nigeria? How has political elites responded to the issue of governance since the inception of Nigeria’s Fourth Republic? How can the Nigerian state build and improve on the current political climate? These and other issues are what the paper has addressed.
The work relied contextually on secondary data for appropriate information germane to the work. The findings and analyses will benefit from prognosis that would be of immense value only not to Nigeria, but further implications for other African countries faced with similar political scenario.
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Coomans, Fons. "The Ogoni Case Before The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 52, no. 3 (July 2003): 749–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/52.3.749.
Full textAbstract:
In 2001, the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights concluded consideration of a communication under Article 55 of the African Charter on Human Rights and Peoples' Rights which dealt with alleged violations of human rights of the Ogoni people in Nigeria.1 This communication is important and special, because, for the first time, the Commission was able to deal in a substantive and groundbreaking way with alleged violations of economic, social and cultural rights which formed the substance of the complaint. In addition, in dealing with the communication, the Commission took a firm and dynamic approach that may contribute to a better and more effective protection of economic, social and cultural rights in Africa. This article discusses the case before the Commission and tries to characterize the decision of the Commission as an application of recent approaches to strengthen implementation and supervision of economic, social and cultural rights.
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Oluwakemi Adeniyi,, Olayinka. "The Human Rights Impact of COVID-19 on African Women: Focus on Nigeria and South Africa." African Journal of Gender, Society and Development (formerly Journal of Gender, Information and Development in Africa) 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 13–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2634-3622/2021/v10n3a1.
Full textAbstract:
The impact of the coronavirus epidemic will inevitably remain with people and societies, particularly vulnerable sectors, like women and children who have always been worst hit by negative occurrences like global health crises. Government response to salvage such situations is usually expressed through regulations. Most times, the response has a reverberating effect that would reflect on the rights of citizens. In the case of the Covid-19 pandemic, the regulation put in place was the lockdown which affected some human rights. Apart from the direct impact of the lockdown on the rights of citizens, one major effect of the lockdown was the forced use of technology by everybody, including the government. This too was not without its impact on the human rights of citizens. This paper seeks to analyse the impact of Covid-19 on some specific rights of women in Africa and the intersection with technology. It discusses the challenges of the state of technology in Africa and the gender divide as a development problem that needs to be prioritised through gender mainstreaming. With a focus on South Africa and Nigeria, it compares with government attempts in developed countries to mitigate the impact of the covid on its women. The paper presents from a desktop methodology of literature review of papers, analysis of reports, laws, and policies. It contributes to the increasing existing literature on the topic of Covid-19. The paper will be useful for policymaking and public enlightenment.