Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Église catholique – Missions – Canada'
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Dussault, Sylvie. "L'homme à chapeau, le Grand-Esprit et l'Anichenabé : Ojibwés et Jésuites dans le Canada-Ouest, 1843-1852." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28415.
Full textRobinaud, Marion. "Religieuses au cœur des communautés indiennes : mémoires féminines des missions de l'Ouest canadien." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0128/document.
Full textCatholic missions to North American Indian territories in Canada offer an experimental laboratory of the intercultural encounters for the social sciences. This doctoral thesis proposes a comparative anthropology of two cultural areas, particularly with regard to two points : the adaptation processes to alterity and the cultural construction of the female gender. We propose to ask how the context of the mission allows compare two cultures in their relation to each other, and how this respective alterity can highlight two versions of the female gender ? To do this, the focus will be on the life stories of Catholic missionary nuns who worked with the North American Indian people (from Western Canada in the twentieth century), just as well the classic North-Amerindian ethnography, completed and strengthened with new testimonies. Our questioning becomes clear in three stages. First, with an ethnography of the protagonists of the encounter : missionary nuns and Aboriginal peoples of Western Canada are presented. Then, the analysis continues with the questioning of the adaptation processes to alterity, which can be defined by the inculturation principle on the one hand, and by adoption and appropriation logic on the other. Finally, we propose to bring to light the cultural construction of the female gender through the experiences lived in this missionary intercultural encounter context. By questioning cultural diversity in this context, we hope to highlight the stakes of cultural productions in the permanent dialogues and negotiations between these two worlds that encounter each other
Bouchard, Isabelle. "MISSIONNER AU PAYS DES ILLINOIS: Ambiguïté et justification du rôle du missionnaire dans l'alliance franco-amérindienne (1673-1719)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27370/27370.pdf.
Full textDubois, Paul-André. "Naissance et évolution de la musique religieuse en langue vernaculaire dans les missions amérindiennes de Nouvelle-France au cours de la première moitié du XVIIième siècle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28409.
Full textEssertel, Yannick. "Lyon et les missions lointaines à l'époque contemporaine : 1815-1962." Lyon 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO31002.
Full textThis study of the missionary role of the lyon diocese is based on a sample of about two thousand lyon missionaries and their works, the first part deals with the missionaries in their background, a study mainly based on statistics. The missionaries born in the lyon diocese (i. D. Departements of the rhone and loire) are set back and studied in their geographical, spiritual and cultural contexts. Thers, the elements which enabled the start of vocations in this diocese clearly stand out. This part ends with a presentation of the evolution of the departure curve throughout time (from 1815 to 1962) and with a study of life expectancy which reveals the existence of a missionary demography. The second part is an essay about the missionaries' typology which varies according to their main activities. Once classified in the geographical area where used to work, it was made possible to underline the contribution of the lyon missionaries to the conversion to christianity and to point out their role is the evolution of methods of evangelization
Molnar, Antal. "Raguse, le Saint-Siège et les catholiques des Balkans Ottomans dans la première moitié du XVIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040008.
Full textThe dissertation follows the history of the missions organized by the papacy in the regions of Hungary and the Balkan occupied by the Turks, from the first steps to the consolidation of the established network of missions. The close connection and interdependence between the catholic communities and institutions was a consequence of the Turkish regime. The first chapter describes the catholic communities of The Balkan from the Adriatic to Bulgaria. The main part of the dissertation gives a historical description of the organization and operation of missions describing how the missions worked and were organized from 1572-1647. The abundance of sources renders possible to show in detail the steps of the establishment of missions, the mechanism of organizing work, the connections to trade on the Balkan and the actual results. The drawn picture makes richer the history of the Church. From a wider point of view it gives important additions to the history of culture of the Balkan Peninsula and Hungary under Turkish rule
Laux, Claire. "Les théocraties missionnaires en Polynésie (Tahiti, Hawaii, Cook, Tonga, Gambier, Wallis et Futuna) durant le premier XIXe siècle." Bordeaux 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR30019.
Full textInsular oceania offers very remarkable sight of geographical area which evangelization was able to precede, sometimes of several decades, the political supervision under great powers. As a consequence, the islands can be studied as real laboratories issued from the missionary work. Some archipelagos of polynesia experience from that time an original conversion to christianity : in tahiti, hawaii, hervey islands, friendly islands, gambier islands, wallis and futuna, the meeting between the will of some exceptional personalities, priests or pastors, and of particular political situations produces the setting of christian states that some european or north-american observers could qualified as " missionary theocracies " including all what this notion covers of ideological connotations. In order to determine the validity of this concept, the thesis first attempts to relate both the european and polynesian prehistory of these theocracies. Then we analyse the features and the limits of the missionaries power in the society of the islands. Finally, we will recall the end of the systems, weakened by inside and foreign assaults and we will wonder about their eventual durability
McCormick, Andrew Pâris. "Religion et jeux de pouvoir en Méditerranée : les lazaristes sur l'île grecque de Naxos (1780-1840)." Paris, INALCO, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INAL0010.
Full textThe thesis follows the development of the increasingly fraught relationship between the French missionaries commonly known as the Lazarists and the Catholic (or Latin) community of Naxos, from the Lazarists' arrival in 1783 until the tenuous settlement of the conflicts in 1840. It also looks at the roots of these conflicts, which can arguably be traced to the arrival on the Jesuits on Naxos in 1627
Chapeu, Sybille. "La Mission de France dans la guerre d'Algérie : église, politique et décolonisation." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20010.
Full textPapailiaki, Niki. "Aspects de la mission catholique auprès des Grecs de l'Empire ottoman : archives grecques inédites des Capucins de Paris (XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles)." Paris, EPHE, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EPHE5023.
Full textWe edit Greek documents found in the Provincial Archives of the Capuchins of Paris. Thanks to these sources we studied the apostolic action, and we mainly described the land in which the legitimacy of their action was confronted to the faithful’ reactions. The apostolic action of the French Capuchins in Orient which has started during the early thirties of the 17th century, is explained here by the general politics of the French capuchin mission. More over we describe the structures of reception and the relations settled which facilitated the establishment of the mission. We also study the strategies of seduction. Through the testimonies of our documents we analyze the methods used by the Capuchin missionary: the preach, the confession, the catechism and the education. . The catholic missionaries arrive in the Aegean islands during a crucial period. The Ottoman conquest means the religious recuperation of this space by the Patriarchate of Constantinople. Their first aim is to recuperate the Christians and to teach them how to become orthodox
Nié-Boukhéris, Magali. "L' infanticide en Chine et l'action missionnaire (1870-1926)." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0127.
Full textInfanticide is a point at issue, especially in China in the 19th century. Often seen as a systematic practice non desired daughters, it wasn't actually customary. The habit of leaving the dead and dying children outside the houses, on the ground, lead the western witnesses astray. The existence of infanticide as well as the existence of a “Chinese charity” has been denied by some and exaggerated by others. However, the activities of the Christian missionaries willing to “save” and baptise as many children as possible aren't questioned. They created orphanages, schools and an large organisation to collect babies. Despite strong motivation and good will, the project soon drifted dramatically: the Tianjin massacre being the most famous example. The root of the problem was the status of women in China, causing families to prefer sons to daughters. This was also sustained by popular belief that children with physical anomalies should be eliminated. External events such as natural catastrophes would only reinforce it. While trying to hinder those behaviour, the missionaries had found obvious compensations, i. E. The justification for their presence in China and the possibility to buy land. With respect to Europe, the poor rate of conversion was hidden behind the nice figures of baptisms, and greater financial support could be requested in order to compete with the protestant rivals. Eventually, the orphans would create new Christian families, a long term influence in the villages and even a local clergy
Arango, Alejandro. "Le système symbolique et le processus de modernisation des indiens Kogui-Arsario (Colombie)." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA081406.
Full textWe had studied the kogui-arsario indians, one of the ethnic groups of the sierra nevada de santa marta, their actual cultural system and their social development. At the first part, by an historiographic research, we have consider the social impact of the spanish colonisation and the importance of the catholic missions at this period. At the second part, we had done an ethno-linguistic research about the representations system; we had know the singularities and the commons characteristics with the others societies of the country. We had studied: the notion of the person, the perception of the nature and the holy, the rituals practices. At the third part, we had developed an analyse of the coca ritual, that the kogui-arsario conserve like a fundamental one
Blais, Martin. "Nationalisme et catholicisme au Canada français : analyse du phénomène de non-sécularisation de la vie publique au Canada français avant la Révolution tranquille." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040051.
Full textThis dissertation starts with a critical review of the existing theories,most of them belonging to the so-called "culturalist perspective". .
Hiet-Guihur, Évelyne. "Le voyage dans la formation des missionnaires de la Société des Missions Étrangères : 1660-1791." Lorient, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LORIL226.
Full textThe Foreign Missions Society is officially established in 1663 by the four vicars apostolic that had just appointed Alexandre VII: François de Laval Montmorency for Québec, François Pallu, Lambert de La Motte and Ignace Cotolendi for the Far East. In its missions in Asia, the new organisation with an exclusively missionary purpose aims at forming the clergy of this emerging Church. The Society is immediately confronted with difficulties in dealing with the distance between the place of the missionary activity and the Paris seminary, where most of its members have no field experience. There are communication difficulties that become visible quite rapidly and generate strong tensions between the actors. The voyage seems to be the decisive element of this situation. It allows the missionaries to gradually adapt to their new living conditions. On the contrary, it is a missing element for the directors, who do not understand the constraints specifically related to each mission place. The uncertainty and the slowness of exchanges which result from the transport conditions of the age deepen the physical and mental gap between the members of the Society. Getting a grasp of the functioning of the Foreign Missions Society between 1660 and 1791 includes the study of voyage as an apprenticeship period for the mission
Ouassongo, Olivier. "Mgr Augouard et les missions catholiques du Congo français de 1878 à 1921." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10086.
Full textMpimpa, Fiamba Nestor. "L'émergence d'une Église locale au diocèse d'Idiofa au Congo-Zaïre." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ55823.pdf.
Full textSibre, Olivier. "Le Saint-Siège et l'Extrême-Orient ( Chine, Corée, Japon) de Léon XIII à Pie XII (1880-1952)." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040091.
Full textThis book deal with the diplomatic and missionary action of the Holy See in the Far East, particularly in China, in Japan and in Korea, from the definitive "opening" of this region of the world during the 1880's, to the beginning of the 1950's, in the new geopolitical context of the Cold War. This period correspond to the pontificates of Leo XIII, Pius X, Benedictus XV, Pius XI and partly the one of Pius XII, in other words the epoch of a reorganization of the international activity of the Holy See, based on a neutrality, a “supranationality”, and a sovereignty recovered, more particularly by the Lateran agreements. This study, regional and comparative, is interested in all institutional and geographical scales of the Catholic Church and the States, but favouring the “relations at the top”. So it's possible to evaluate the action of the Holy See in front of the deep mutations of the region during this period, according to the objectives of the institution
Balard, Martine. "L'oeuvre du révérend-père Francis Aupiais (1877-1945), missionnaire ethnographe de la Société des missions africaines de Lyon." Perpignan, 1996. http://books.openedition.org/pupvd/3784.
Full textReverend father aupiais (1877-1945) from the society of african missions in lyon lived for 23 years in dahomey (1903-1926). The interest he showed in the local population that he wanted to convert was a break away from the usual practices of the vast majority of his predecessors. Our thesis aims at exploring the thought and work of the father and ascertaining the way they concur with the ideology of "africanism" as first elaborated by maurice delafosse who was aupiais's spiritual guide. He gathered a collection of objects d'art which were exhibited when he returned to france in 1926. Then he passionately followed marcel mauss's "learned teachings" at the institute of ethnology in order to gain a scientific method but he soon departed from it, judging it "inordinately sociological". He then became more involved with the group of missionaries who, in louvain, recommended the necessity of a new apostolitic approach of the native people, a "missiologie" enlightened by ethnological data. In 1929-1930, for the sake of albert kahn, he made two films, "le dahomey chretien" and "le dahomey religieux", as well as a series of magnificent "autochromes" (colour films). Thanks to our thesis, those documents have been restored. Futhermore, our thesis sets out to analyse the significance as well as the historical and ethnographical interest of the most pertinent scenes from the two films. As far as the "autochromes" are concerned - they have been selected and reproduced in the thesis itself - their contents has systematically been explored. Moreover, whenever necessary, the reproduction of photograms (picture pauses) has been included in order to highlight the ethnographical approach. Aupiais was also the untiring supporter of an african ethnology originated from the local people themselves, an "africanisme du dedans" (africanism from within). In 1925, he launched the modest journal, "la reconnaissance africaine", and promoted the work of paul hazoume, the first dahomean writer, considered by aupiais as his spiritual son. A militant of social catholicism, between 1927 and 1931, he courageously became involved and actively denunciated forced labour in the colonies, which caused him a great many setbacks within his own society of missionaries and which was to bring about his exile, directed by his superiors, to a small apostolic school in the landes region
Comlan, William. "Des moyens d'évangélisation aux projets de développement : les micro-réalisations de l'Eglise catholique dans le diocèse d'Abomey (Bénin)." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0015.
Full textSince vatican ii, the number of social activities of the church of benin has increased, particularly in the diocese of abomey. But unlike past missionary activities, the purpose is not longer to evangelize at all costs. It is the human being, be as he may, who is supported, "conscientised" and made to realize what is as stake today and in the future. The problem of elitism can only be resolved by a heightened awareness of the villages populations. But the instruction given to the young in the centers opened by the bishop of abomey is intented to be a search of an identity, the new generation having to operate the positive mutations of the rural areas ; similarly, it aspires to the "change of the hearts", the church considering that no economical and political action would be efficient if the benin people do not learn how to love each other and to love their country (the bishops' letter, lent 1989). His bishop agboka's action while creating the conditions of modernization of the informal and agricultural districts, shows that in order to mobilize the african rural population, it is necessary to find chiefs who are honest, skilful and particularly sensitive for the need of each locality. The political and administrative elits, unable to impose the transformations they consider as necessary, often evoke the peasants "resistance to progress". No reformer can be efficient if he does not take into account the populations. . .
Agoua, Awono Guy-Marcel. "Un exemple de coopération ecclésiale entre la France et le Cameroun [1930-1983] : les rapports entre l'Eglise de Lille et les circonscriptions ecclésiastiques de Yaoundé, Douala et Nkongsamba." Lille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL30012.
Full textThis research is a contribution to the knowledge of a phenomenon hitherto widespread between States. It is the cooperation. The cooperation object of this study is inter ecclesial life. It concerns a Church of old Christianity, the Church of Lille. France, and a young Church, the Church, the Church of Cameroon. The analysis covers three major periods in the relations between the black Africa and France : before the Second World War, after the Second World War and after the independance of Cameroon. The study shows the availability of the Church of Lille vis-à-vis the missionary Church of Cameroon, when the latter was facing insurmountable difficulties by the only evangelizing action. When the Church of Cameroon was in the grip of rivalry protestant on the question of medical works, Lille, through Ad Lucem, relieved the challenge ! When the Chruch of Cameroon was in prey to the communist ideology during the struggles for the emancipation of Cameroon, Lille served of the Catholic Action specialized. The new era was marked by the advent of the independence of Cameroon, the africanization of hierarchies, the conciliating recommendations, the evolution of attitudes and/or the inability to adapt, the desire to affirmation and finally the disappearance of the various pioneers of aspects f this cooperation. Cooperation in the past suffered by the christians of Cameroon, today, there is a tendency of Christianity of this country to impose the Church of Lille, a new special relationship with Cameroon. These ambitions of recovery observed by the Cameroonian part hold always account of the orientations of the pastoral care in Lille ?
Dupuis, Jean-Claude. "Mgr Elzéar-Alexandre Taschereau et le catholicisme libéral au Canada français (1820-1898)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23859/23859.pdf.
Full textDiarra, Pierre. "La mission catholique auprès des Bwa avant et après l'indépendance du Mali (1888-1988) : gratuité de l'Évangile et responsabilité de l'Église." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040112.
Full textThe Malian church was one hundred years old in 1988. The missionaries preached the gospel in the French Soudan, then in Mali after the independence (September 22nd, 1960). However, between 1888 and 1988, in a highly Islamic country, only a majority of Bwa was converted to Catholicism. Yet they rose up several times against the colonial administration. But nowadays they do not take part in the affairs of the Malian state. Why not? The missionaries were not the settlers ‘allies with the Bwa, but their "evangelical gratuitousness"(that is to say: what is given without any due) was conditioned by their desire to convert the Bwa. Consequently their sociopolitical actions were not efficient and they did not succeed in making the Bwa responsible for the future of their country. The missionaries as well as the Bwa indeed did not perceive the gratuitousness in the trinity (triune god) revealed in Jesus Christ, and both of them kept in the logic of "giving and taking". Therefore the gratuitousness and the responsibility are anthropological and theological categories which contribute to a better understanding of the catholic mission with the Bwa and to interpret the attitudes of the church in this context
Morin, Jean-Michel. "L'héritage colonial espagnol en Amérique : représentation canadienne-française de cette autre Amérique catholique, 1915-1965." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8144.
Full textTremblay, Donald. "Mgr Pellegrino Francesco Stagni, o.s.m. et l'Église canadienne, 1910-1918." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28397.
Full textKpamo, Dieudonné. "Impacts des missions catholiques et de l'administration coloniale en Haute-Sangha : 1894-1960 : l'exemple de Berbérati en République Centrafricaine." Lyon 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO3A003.
Full textPigeon, Claude. "Les petites paroisses rurales du diocèse de Rimouski : repères historiques et ecclésiologiques au service d'un remodelage paroissial." Doctoral thesis, Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040006.
Full textThis dissertation offers elements of a response to the question of "how to organize church in small rural parishes today. " Three periods in the history of parochial networking in the diocese of Rimouski are first identified and analyzed. In the periods from 1867-1891 and 1928-1950, we find two different dynamics which lead to the foundation of small parishes in the rural milieu: the recognition of a stable community and the support for a colonization effort in the context of economic crisis. The period from 1968-2000 presents, on the other hand, a dynamic of struggle for the survival of small parishes faced with diminishing populations. In each instance, the ideal of Christian society is sought within the framework of parish. Three ecclesiological marks are identified in view of reshaping parishes. These three marks-structured communion, fraternity-solidarity, hope-involvement-reveal much about Christian life in a parochial milieu and are suggestive of a new and motivating pastoral project
Halpougdou, Martial. "L'enjeu de l'humanitaire missionnaire dans le vicariat apostolique de Ouagadougou (Haute-Volta 1901-1957)." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070113.
Full textBocquet, Jérôme. "Le collège Saint-Vincent des pères lazaristes de Damas : l'enseignement français en Syrie (1864-1967)." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010624.
Full textRouthier, Gilles. "La réception de Vatican II dans une église locale : l'exemple de la pratique synodale dans l'église de Québec 1982-1987." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040082.
Full textThe goal of this research is to study how the church of Quebec received the teaching of Vatican II on the synodality of the local church. An examination of reception as such provides the methodological foundation of the study. The second part presents the theology of the local church articulated by Vatican II (a communion of persons of different conditions and functions); studies the source of its "order" (its synodality); elaborates a heuristic model of its functioning (the celebration of the Eucharist) and exposes the institutional forms presented by the codex of 1983 for the practical implementation of this synodal right. The third major section presents the church of Quebec as a subject of reception. A social-historical study of this local church is followed by a highly detailed analysis of the way this church is governed between 1982 and 1987. It is on the basis of these considerations that the reception of the teaching of Vatican in the Quebec’s diocese is interpreted
Bernard, Annie. "La mission catholique des Îles-de-la-Madeleine (1792-1846) : structuration institutionnelle et encadrement religieux en milieu insulaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17972.
Full textSylla, Yvette. "L'expérience catholique en terre Betsimisaraka (1933-1950) : les débuts de l'implantation montfortaine." Paris 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA01A005.
Full textWang, Jiyou Paul. "Mise en oeuvre en Chine du droit canonique missionnaire : le cas du premier concile chinois de 1924." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA111013.
Full textEtienne, Jean Fritzner. "L' église dans la société coloniale de Saint-Domingue à l'époque française (1630-1804)." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070041.
Full textAt the beginning of 16th century, french colonization started in America. It was based on a colonial doctrine according to which the service of God - in terms of apostolic action and consolidation of the faith of the church members- and the greatness of the kingdom of France constituted the two main objectives of the colonial enterprises. Custodian of the dogmas of faith, the Catholic Church occupied a fundamental place in this doctrine. It had to fulfil, from the point of view of the perpetuation of the colonial system, a function of ideological police. This difficult task was rooted in the will of the royal power of colonial societies based on the principles of the catholic religion ; principles which constituted, in his view, the surest guarantee of french domination in America. Despite the efforts made by the power to facilitate the task with the Church, the colonial doctrine was a total failure. The history of Saint-Domingue, the richest of the American colonies of France in the 18th century and main objective of this work, testifies this failure. This colony was, at the end of the 18th century, the scene of the greatest servile revolution of modern times. Contrary to the willingness of the power, religion was not able to prevent this catastrophe which initiated the end of the french domination on the island
Taillandier, Marie-Françoise. "Des réseaux français au service des missions lointaines : (1600-1663)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CLF20016.
Full textFrance took an interest in distant missions after religious peace was restored within its kingdom. The evangelization of remote countries was then supported by a large religious background including laymen, religious ordrers and congregations of priests who all took an active part in the speading of faith throughout the world. These acting forces created actual networks that played an essential part until 1663. The french missionary networks undertook a large number of initiatives, some of which were prestigious, such as the foundation of Montreal or the creation of the Seminary of Foreign Missions. They revolved not only around an ecclesiastic pole, in which the Aas had a dominant role, but also around a secular one, driven by the Compagny of the Holy Sacrament. The public was made aware of the purpose of such missions through texts and various celebrations
Li, Chenzhe. "L'infanticide, l'exposition d'enfants en Chine et l’évangélisation des missionnaires catholiques (1689-1840)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MON30004.
Full textThis thesis deals with the phenomenon of infanticide and abandoned children in China from1689 to 1840, through the descriptions of the Catholic missionaries, and the evangelization ofchildren by the Jesuits and the priests of the Paris Foreign Missions. By comparing thedifferent visions of various sources, this study attempts to reveal the reality of thephenomenon and its reasons, its reactions and the actions taken by the Chinese authority, aswell as by the European missionaries. It also highlights the work of childhood and theimportance of baptism for these Catholic missionaries.By exploring a rich literature, we bring, in the first part, different points of view brought byCatholic missionaries, by other Western travelers, and by the Chinese scholars and mandarins.The missionaries' testimonies are meant to attract more resources to help these miserablechildren. The writings of British travelers show the superiority of Europeans versus "Chinesebarbarism". Small girls are the first victims of infanticide and exposure, which is explained bythe status of inferiority of women, and by a series of cyclical and structural causes. This partalso presents the organization of Chinese hospices by comparing it to that of Westernhospices through abundant Chinese sources, which are barely used by Westernhistoriography.Hoping to convert as many pagans as possible, these Catholic missionaries devotedthemselves to this work of baptism of moribund children. They cared first of all about thesesouls who, by escaping the limbo of the children, will eternally glorify the Lord. In thecontext of the prohibition of Christianity in China in the eighteenth century after the RitesControversies, they thought it would be more appropriate to recruit some catechists to baptizethe dying exposed children than to establish the Catholic hospices. The Christian women werean important force in this work as well. The situation has been changed after the Opium Wars.From the second half of the nineteenth century, the French mission was under the protectionof its state.The originality of this research is to bring together anthropology, gender history and religioushistory, and to insert the study into the historical context of the asian mission and the globalmission, as well as the process of colonization. We hope that this research will shed new lighton the image of China in the eyes of Europeans at the time of the expansion of Westerncivilization and, at the same time, that it will contribute to enriching the understanding of thedifference between Western Catholic culture and Chinese culture
Liu, Qinghua. "Missions et chrétientés en transition : la paroisse urbaine de Pékin au XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP046/document.
Full textThis dissertation explores a social history of the Beitang parish in Beijing. The first part presents the evolution of the parish from its emergence in 1688 in the Imperial City to its closure in 1827. After an examination of the services rendered to the Qing Court by the Jesuits according to their various “metiers”, we have discussed the situation of the Jesuits in Beijing after 1773, at the time of the crisis of the Society in Europe and China. The Lazarists arrived in 1785 in a situation of chaos where the Jesuits were embroiled and succeeded them to the Qing Court. Following the revolts and crises of the Empire, the state of the mission in Peking became more and more fragile, and the problem arose of maintaining a fragmented Christianity before their expulsion by the Manchu emperor. The second part illustrates the constitution of a network, a structure and the religious life of an urban parish. In the cooperation of all the members of the parish, we see how this community was able to establish and maintain a church, a charitable house and a seminary within the local society. It developed a Christian religiosity in a French form; but on the other hand, it also rejoins the tradition of the various Chinese religions. We have presented the forms of piety, missionaries, procurators, indigenous clergy and laity in all their important functions to form an active parish in the city center, in the exercise of its religious life. As documented by the list of the Christian scriptures and morality books in Chinese language, the confraternities and the laity played an important role, in a context of a lack of missionaries during the French Revolution
Troya, Gonzales Maria Fernanda. "Pour une mémoire et économie visuelles sur les peuples de l'Amazonie équatorienne : photographies sur les Kichwa et Shuar, 1900-1940." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0722.
Full textThis dissertation is an interdisciplinary study of five corpuses of archival photographs produced by ethnographic expeditions and catholic missions while working with or about Kichwa groups of Napo province, and Shuar groups of Morona Santiago province, in Ecuadorian Amazonia between 1990-1940. Starting from a discussion about the contemporary value of these archival images, we review the diverse uses and functions these images have fulfilled since their production. We focus on a visual economy of the images: the aim to reveal their use and exchange values, the ways by which they have been "exploited" or the networks in which they have circulated. We led then a comparartive study of the diverse production and exploitation situations these images have been related to, mainly by means of their inclusion in scientific or religious publications. Secondly, we analyze the value these archival images may have today for the descendants of the indigenous peoples appearing in the images. In order to do so we study the nature of the image and its connection with individual and collective memory. As a result of fieldwork that we conducted for this purpose amongst Kichwa and Shuar communities, we analyze the memory experience provoked by the viewing of the images in relation to this particular ethnographic situation. Finalyy, w estudy the connection between photographic images about indigenous peoples of the Amazon and the production of imaginaries linked to the exotic alterity of these groups. We also analyze the consequences these imaginaries linked to the exotic alterity of these groups. We also analyze the consequences these imaginaries may have had in the scientific knowledge produced about them during the period of time mentioned above
Lee, Hyun joo. "Martyrs et héros : le théâtre des missions catholiques françaises en Corée dans les premières années du XXe siècle : contribution à la recherche en ethnoscénologie." Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA083934.
Full textThis dissertation examines the similarity and dissimilarity between European Theatrical pattern introduced to Korea through Japan, and MEP French Catholic missionaries’ theatrical practices who came to evangelize the country. After reconstructing the political and cultural context of the time marked by the Japanese occupation and westernization of Korea, we present and analyze a novel corpus found in the archives of the Catholic Church in Seoul. The set consists of two types of manuscripts and duplicated texts: small fragments of shows played at the Yongsan seminar in Seoul from 1912 to 1920 and a play which was written in Latin by Emile Devred (1877-1926) a French missionary in honor of one of the most Korean famous martyrs and first priest, Father Andrew Kim: Acta et Gesta Venerabilis Andreas Kim. In addition to the Latin version we found two translated adaptations of this play, written in Korean and Chinese characters, according to the custom of the early 20th century in Korea, and a third version published in serial form in Kyeong Hyang (1921-1922), an important Catholic magazine in Seoul. The study of dramatic work is complemented by the analysis of an article on the Korean Catholic Church’s particular point of view on theater (1917). The thesis contributes to highlight misunderstandings at work in acculturation
Péclard, Didier. "Etat colonial, missions chrétiennes et nationalisme en Angola, 1920-1975 : aux racines sociales de l'UNITA." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005IEPP0037.
Full textThe thesis aims at understanding the complex interactions that took place between the colonial State, Christian Missions and nationalism in Angola, between c. 1920 and the country's independence in 1975. It runs counter to many deterministic approaches which have given much weight to ethnic, cultural and religious factors in most of Angola's historiography. It focuses of the central planalto region, and looks in particular at the social and political role of Christian missions. In the context of Portuguese colonialism they represented one of the very few alleys of upward social mobility for the vast majority of Angolans who were left at the political, social and economic margins of the colonial system. In that sense, they were key actors in the manner in which Angolan societies negociated their articulation to the colonial State, as well as in the development of nationalism. It is on this role that the thesis concentrates. It shows that nationalism, far from being the "natural" outcome of such interactions, was only one possible response between others to the challenge posed by the late colonialism
Wu, Hui yi. "Traduire la Chine au XVIIIe siècle : les jésuites français traducteurs de textes chinois et la reconfiguration des connaissances européennes sur la Chine (1687-ca. 1740)." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070027.
Full textAmong the civilizations Europe had encountered between the 16 th and the 18 th century, China holds a particular place. Jesuit missionaries who entered China in 1583 played a particularly important role in the growth of European knowledge about China. This study focuses on the Chinese sources of this knowledge and the concrete conditions in which it was elaborated, through translations of Chinese texts by one generation of French Jesuits who were active in China between 1687 and the year 1740. Many of these texts were published in the Lettres édifiantes et curieuses (Paris, 1701-1776) and the Description. . . De l'Empire de la Chine et de la Tartarie chinoise (Paris, 1735). The first Chapter focuses on the language learning process, both European and Chinese, oral and written, during which translation often serves as a pedagogical means. The second Chapter concerns the role which translation played in the controversies that undermined the Catholic missions in China at the time, especially the Chinese Rites Controversy. It will be argued that interpretation of Chinese textual authorities was the core issue of this controversy. The third Chapter will focus on one particular translation that claims to be a "dialogue" by an "Atheist philosopher", while the fourth Chapter will turn to others translations related to animals, plants, minerals and "arts". These two chapters examine the context of these translations, the reading and writing strategy adopted by individual Jesuits, and compares the translations to their originals that have been identified. The translation allows us to reflect on the encounter of two cultures of books in its full diversity and complexity
Guise, Antoinette. "Thérèse de Lisieux et ses miracles : recomposition du surnaturel (1898-1928)." Paris, EPHE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPHE5014.
Full textNogueira, Ramos Martin. "Crypto-christianisme et catholicisme dans la société villageoise japonaise (XVIIe-XIXe)." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070088.
Full textThis study is about Catholic and hidden Christian village communities in Japan during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. My aim was to determine if these communities, due to their particular religious background, presented distinguishing features in their social and economical organization and also to think about the importance of religion to the daily life of the peasantry. My work is divided into six chapters. The first one, which is about the 17th century, shows how the feudal authorities set up antichristian repression and how Christians organized themselves to face it. The second, which concerns the organization of hidden Christian communities during the period of secrecy (end of 17th century-1865), and the third, which is related to the propagation of Catholicism in the region of Nagasaki between 1865 and the beginning of the 1870s, present the high level of organization of this population and its extreme mobility. In the fourth chapter, I study the beliefs of the 19 h century hidden Christians and Catholics. The firth chapter is centered on the reaction of shogunal and imperial authorities to the resurgence of the Christian question between 1865 and 1873, the year in which toleration of this religion begins. The last chapter is about affirmation of Catholicism and its clergy in the village society of Kyūshū between 1873 and the granting of freedom of religion in 1889. Representative documents of the primary sources used for this study are included (peasants' accounts, missionary correspondence, administrative reports) in the appendix
Degbe, Emmanuel Mawuli. "Mission catholique, pouvoirs coloniaux, pouvoirs locaux en terre togolaise : confrontations et accommodements de 1886 à 1921." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040044.
Full textOur research focuses on the particular history of the Catholic Church in Togo at the beginning of its evangelisation. It involves finding the originality and method of pastoral work of the first German missionaries, and especially to see how they managed, despite the confrontations between the motivations of the pastoral ideal and those of colonial interests and local resistances, to implement Christianity in this country. The Church of Togo was disrupted by the consideration of the national identity of the missionaries. The Great War of 1914-1918 was a perfect illustration. Could this emerging Church endure the passage between these two following missionary institutes : German SVD (Société du Verbe Divin) standed by the sisters SSpS (Servae Spiritus Sancti) one side, and another side, French SMA (Société des Missions Africaines) standed by the sisters NDA (Notre-Dame des Apôtres) due to political and nationalist claims? The papal authority was not indifferent to this issue. The Recovery of evangelization by the missionaries SMA and the religious NDA – all French – was a hesitating approach. But on 21 January 1921, the Holy Seat, after many negotiations and consultations, entrusted the task of Togo mission to SMA and NDA missionary. Will they be accepted by the natives expecting with nostalgy the return of the previous ones (SVD and SSpS), who have opened their minds to the Christian faith, and with whom they were close to? Will trust be present in their hearts towards these new missionaries whose nationality is that of the new occupants who expelled their beloved German pastors, divided the country and are imposing a new language?
Blouin, Annie. "Les exigences pastorales de Mgr de Saint-Vallier envers ses prêtres, 1685-1727." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ38027.pdf.
Full textDeau, Tatiana. "Les diocèses de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe de la séparation à "l'émancipation" : le catholicisme aux Antilles françaises de 1912 à 1972 sous l'administration de la Congrégation du Saint-Esprit." Paris, EPHE, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EPHE5016.
Full textThe study of Catholicism in Martinique and Guadeloupe during the spiritan administration from 1912 to 1972 is part of the history of Catholicism in the diocesan and regional scale. It is based on a period from the appointment of first spiritan bishops in French West Indies to the resignation of the last of these, which succeeded the first bishops natives of these dioceses. This intermediate phase was crucial as much by the Bishops' policy which finished shaping the identity of those dioceses which led to the withdrawal of the Congregation of the Holy Spirit in these two dioceses. The focus of research is the study from different angles of religious, lay people, their developments and their work within these churches, while highlighting the various facets and the persistence of the specificity of the dioceses of the French Caribbean. This study also showed that the Catholic religion is undoubtedly part of the culture of these islands, and highlighted the similarities and dissimilarities of Martinique and Guadeloupe despite their proximity and their shared history. Because of the ties between France to these Caribbean islands, they were confronted with many phenomena on the one hand similar to those encountered in hexagonal France, but with lags diachronic and partly related to local situations. The research presented has shown the various developments that have experienced these churches, voluntary or forced. It leads also to new insights into the late twentieth century
Prudhomme, Claude. "Stratégie missionnaire du Saint-Siège sous le pontificat de Léon XIII : centralisation romaine et défis culturels." Lyon 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO31008.
Full textThis thesis is based upon an extensive study of pontifical archives (propaganda fide, segrateria di stato. . . ), missionary archives as well state archives (french foreign office). This thesis analyse how the vatican studied as the center of the catholic network, has built up, managed and integrated missionary expansion during the pontificate of leo xiii (1878-1903). The first part describes the propanda's activities as a whole. It divells upon the institution and its good running, it studies the men in charge and the staff, the integration of the propagnada in the church's government. The second part describes the day-to-day management of the foreign missions by the propaganda. It deals with the principles and the main objectives (centralisation, uniformisation, native priests, selfsupporting), and next the oppositions from individuals and societies against the romanizing process. The third part evaluates the place of foreign mission in leo xiii "great politics". The will to get rid of states' interferences in catholic affairs reveals more effective against the protuguese. .
Kim, Narae. "Architecture des Missions Étrangères de Paris en Corée (Père Coste 1847 – 1897)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP001.
Full textThis research devoted to Father Eugene Jean Coste follows three orientations. The first aspect is associated to historical circumstance: the diffusion of Catholicism of the Far-East Asia, which was conducted by the western missionaries at the end of XIX century. In spite of two merciless persecutions, the treaty signed in 1886 completely changed the situation. The Catholic Church in Korea was re-established and the Catholic Parish of Myeongdong expanded its community rapidly. Missionaries’ architectural activities that commenced in this period, otherwise, introduced the European culture to Korea. The European-style cathedrals inspired a new aesthetic in the Parish. The second orientation is an architectural perspective: these studies considerably are related to their architectural realizations in the year of 1896 which drew the modernization of Korea. Coste, who was a prosecutor of Paris Foreign Missions Society, assimilated into the principles of the Neo-Gothic architectures and incorporated them in the religious buildings, especially when he supervised the construction of the biggest church in Korea, Seoul Myeongdong Cathedral. The research on the churches initially designed by this French catholic missionary, accordingly, tries to identify modern Korean architectures. In addition, the research could allow readers to discover the various French Neo-Gothic styles in the mission country. Such architectural movements were launched in the intimate relations among Korea, Japan and China. Therefore, Paris Foreign Missions Society’s architectures testify to the history of exchanges with the western culture, taking the economical and practical factors into consideration. The realizations of Father Coste have influenced the concepts of other Korean European-style churches designed by Paris Foreign Missions Society. With the archetype of Father Coste’s architectures, his colleagues, priest-constructors built the churches in the region with the various results of both individual competences and other church communities. In the end, the dissertation studies the conception of religious heritages and the procedure that the architectures of Paris Foreign Missions became heritages in Korea. The concern about heritages remains entirely showing the weakness of historical knowledge and technical limitation. But new idea and technology of the conservation were introduced. The first step was the restoration of Yakhyeon Saint-Joseph Church in 2000. Finally, we will contemplate the applications of Paris Foreign Missions Society’s edifices and the conservations of religious heritages in the same protection zone for the survival of these historical architectures
Le, Doaré Alain. "La naissance des prêtres-marins : (1938-1955) : juxtaposition progressive de modèles missionnaires de l'Eglise catholique dans le monde maritime en France au XXe siècle." Rennes 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN20004.
Full textFrom the thirties on, the action catholique starts considering the training and the sending of lay missionaries in view of the evangelisation of the maritime world. These "new men", these "native" laymen, these sailors, these militants appointed by the action catholique, whose apostolic responsibility is recognised by the church's hierarchy, are apostles among their peers, in charge of the "conquest" of their brothers. Their objective, in particular with the help of the action catholique's organisations and a handful of priests, is to create a new maritime world, a maritime lay christianity. In 1945 starts the mission of the sea, created on the model of a missionary institute. It is almost a religious congregation, whose aim is, in turn, to recruit and train missionaries and priests for the sake of the maritime world's evangelisation. Some priests, educated in the mission de France’s seminary created in 1941, will try to become sailors while going down the steps of what can be called an "incarnation scale". The further they "go down" this scale in order to become priests and sailors, the farther they cast away from the traditional model of the Roman Catholic priest. Their "experiment", which upsets both the maritime world and the church, survives until the catholic hierarchy demands the complete stop of those working priests, who challenge the "uncompromising Catholicism" (Emile Poulat) and the traditional model of the priest. The simultaneous combination of the increasing apostolic influence of laymen trained by the action catholique and the "downwards" movement of clergymen implied by their presence within the sailors' world, blurs the traditional and admitted differences between priests and laymen that have existed for centuries. Maybe an essential clue to understand the nowadays identity crisis of the catholic priest can be found there
Drevet, Richard. "Lai͏̈ques de France et missions catholiques au XIXème : l'Oeuvre de la Propagation de la Foi, origines et développement lyonnais (1822-1922)." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/drevet_r.
Full textIn 1822, the Church of France was carrying on with the re-establishement of its dioceses while, at the same time, prelates from America were scouring the country looking for financial aids. It was an underground Lyons-based Congregation of pity having special ties with these foreign priests who took upon itself to meet their needs setting up the Society Propagation of the Faith. A wide-scale donation system was set up known as the "missions weekly offering", instigated by Pauline Jaricot. In no time at all, the affluent Association was in a position to finance the general expansion of the catholic religion throughout the world. Although it was a non-religious association, it needed the approval of Rome. From then on, its future development in the course of the century had to take into account the growing missionary interest of Rome. At a local level (Lyons) the study shows how dependent the Society was on the ecclesiastic management in the parishes, but it also evaluates the religious vitality of a micro society made up of royalist notables. This was how the missionary Association was able to integrate a complex process of social identification. Moreover, compiling and the distribution of morally-enlightening works (such as Annals, Catholic missions, and so on) gave the laymen the power to stage-manage the Mission and to control its productions, when the allotment of various missions around the globe concerning the collection of funds guaranteed them a real influence on the Churches overseas. The study also highlights their determination to extend their influence over all the catholic universe. Yet, the history of missionary life reports that at precisely the same moment procedures for papal centralisation and the clericalisation of the ecclesiastical system were being intensified. Finally, in 1922, owing to the transfer of the management of the Association to Rome, under the supervision of the De Propaganda Fide Congregation, the demands for autonomy made by the Lyons notables were put to a stop and this wiped out their influence on the missionary process
Noma, Bikibili Paul. "L'administration des biens des Missions catholiques du Cameroun allemand (Kamerun) et du Cameroun français : vers une quête d'autonomie patrimoniale." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAK010.
Full textThis study examines the administration of the property of Catholic Missions in mission territory, from the perspective of the quest for patrimonial autonomy. It evaluates of the gradual implementation of the patrimonial autonomy of the future Churches to succeed the catholic Missions, through the analysis of sources since the erection on 1622 of the Sacred Congregation of Propaganda Fide in charge of catholic Missions. Its financing efforts announced insufficient. In the nineteenth century it prescribed an administration of property in connection with the quest for patrimonial autonomy. Such a requirement provided for the institution of a native clergy to find their own resources. It established the practice of sending apostolic vicars to mission territories to initiate the quest for patrimonial autonomy. The twenty-five years of administration of the property by the Pallottines ended in financial autonomy, a difficult challenge for the Spiritans