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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ekologie'
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Stiblík, Petr. "Evoluční ekologie termitů." Doctoral thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-259747.
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Termites are one of the most important ecological factors on Earth. By right, they are called ecosystem engineers. They influence their habitat by very complex ways - recycling of plant tissues, aerating soil, transporting huge amounts of organic matter. Thanks to their ability decompose up to 100% of local production of celulose and lignin, they are responsible for termination of coal origination. Their ecological and evolutionary succsess is based on organization of their eusocial community into several different castes. Precize distribution of tasks between castes is one of the crucial factors of evolutionary success of termites. It is the undertanding of their ontogeny and colony organization what is key to effective fight against pest species and, on the opposite, the key to effective help to those species important for decomposing and transport of organic matter in soil.
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Frommová, Eva. "Ekologie a právo." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15759.
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The purpose of my thesis is to analyse the relation between ecology and law. The thesis is composed of five chapters. Chapter One is introductory and defines the term ecology. Chapter Two focuses on law and its role in ecology. Chapter Three explains the importance of principles as the unifying elements of legal regulation. Chapter Four investigates the chosen principles of law intrinsic to environmental protection. Chapter Five describes the practical apllication of the Integrated Prevention and Pollution Control approach and endeavours for evaluation of its contribution to environmental protection.
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Koubalíková, Jitka. "Ekologie a právo." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-163993.
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The thesis deals with the relationship between ecology and law in nuclear energy and the possible impact on the environment. The first part briefly summarizes the most important historical approaches to ecology and describes environmental law in the Czech Republic and the EU. The next section is focused on law in the area of construction and operation of nuclear power plants in the Czech Republic and the EU. The fourth chapter deals with operation of nuclear power plant Temelín and assessment the legislation. The fifth chapter is dedicated to various forms of longstanding conflict between the Czech Republic and Austria.
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Vachová, Pavla. "Ekologie Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth." Doctoral thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262864.
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Ecology of expansion species is still a hot topic. The antropogenic landscape gradually occurred since the Neolithic . The result has been a change in the structure of plant communities and the successful expansion of species such as Calamagrostis epigejos.
C. epigejos is expansive, perennial, long-stemmed, rhizomatous grass. Its important characteristic are very large ecological amplitude, high biomass production and a ability adjust habitat conditions.
Experiments and studies that are included in dissertation, have the following basic objectives: (1) Investigate the expansion of C. epigejos in plant community. (2) Investigate the theoretical degree of stability of this phytocenosis. (3) Determine the response of C. epigejos to nutrients availability. (4) Test of possibility eliminating of C. epigejos. (5) Suggest a practical use of C. epigeos.
Primarily, we monitored the reaction of interest species to management (aplication of N, P, K nutrients, mowing in various combinations). We were interested in its behavior in the plant community. It founded field and pot experiment. Results of field experiment were also used to calculate the theoretical measure of the stability of individual variants. Further research has been directed at eliminating C. epigejos using wireworms (Elateridae larvae species). The study which uses C epigejos for monitoring of deposition of heavy metals, has shown that aspects of the global expansion of the grass are not always negative.
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Kvasnička, Tomáš. "Informační systémy v oblasti ekologie." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124736.
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This thesis compares the environmental information systems and the providing of environmental information from the government institutions. The objective of this work is to analyze current information systems under the Integrated environmental information system (JISZP) and verify the hypothesis that all these information systems are integrated. The further goal is to prove whether or not the Act No. 123/1998 is fulfilled in practice. The first part contains an analysis of JISZP systems according to various criteria. The second part maps the legislation of information providing and verifies the compliance with the Law No. 123/1998. The final part contains an evaluation and recommendations for further action.
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Dovčík, František. "Příprava laboratorní úlohy předmětu Ekologie výroby." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377324.
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The thesis deals with the quality of water in general as well as from the perspective of water pollution, wastewater and its treatment within the context of electrotechnical production. The thesis is based on the laboratory task in the practical part, which has been included in the Ecology of Production class. The laboratory task tests the selected indicators of water quality using titration and rapid tests. The thesis is based on the wastewater operation of a company producing PCB.
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Trojan, Jan. "Akustická ekologie a soundscape v kontextu multimédií." Doctoral thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze.Hudební a taneční fakulta. Knihovna, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-155990.
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This thesis is focused on perceptual and compositional aspects of soundscape art in the 40-year tradition of acoustic ecology. From the long history of acoustic ecology I selected important community, institutional worldwide and Czech projects. My main focus is to bring the keywords of acoustic ecology and soundscape into Czech theory.
I use two points of view for the study of soundscape:
1. soundwalk / listening walk - specific way of listening to the acoustic space in the form of a soundwalk or listening walk
2. analysis of sound composition - the analysis is focused on traditional composition approaches to the study of sound compositions
The first approach is active listening ? the psychology of listening that R. M. Schafer uses for interaction with our surroundings. The second approach fo-cuses on looking for traditional composing approaches in the analysis of sound compositions "Winter Diary" (R. M. Schafer) and "Un altro ferragosto" (A. Curran). The thesis is also narrowly focused on autobiographical reflection, which provides a link to both of the examined approaches. This is a pilgrimage to the city of Santiago de Compostela. The pilgrimage gave rise to the soundscape composition Ultreia: El diario del peregrino / The Pilgrim's Diary itself.
The objective of the analysis is to give an answer to the following question: In what way has the tradition of acoustic ecology and R. M. Schafer?s way of thinking, influenced approaches / thinking of composers in the field of sound composition?
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Kunca, Tomáš. "Ekologie krahujce obecného v urbánním prostředí a okolní krajině." Doctoral thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-259608.
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Urban environments provide suitable habitats for species that are ready to adapt to the specific conditions. One of such species is Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) that has adapted to the Prague city environment. This dissertation explores and describes selected aspects of sparrowhawks ecology in urban and rural environment. It focuses on comparison of selected aspects of sparrowhawk ecology between urban and rural study areas.
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Buršík, Martin. "Účinnost čistících metod v elektronice a hodnocení z hlediska ekologie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217572.
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Jooste, Madaleinn Heleen. "Die ekologie van die swartwitpens in die Sandveld Natuurreservaat, Vrystaat Provinsie." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04032006-094858.
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Matějíková, Lucie. "Ekologie a právo - povolovací procesy pro výstavbu a provozování průmyslových areálů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-114244.
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The subject of this Master's Thesis is a description of administrative and similar proceedings leading to issue of permits, consents, statements and expert opinions needed for the implementation of entrepreneurial plans that could potentially have negative impacts on the environment. This Thesis describes the process of environmental impact assessment (so called EIA) and its specifics, as well as its relevance for further administrative proceedings. Other subject of analyses is the integrated permit, a document that substitutes selected individual administrative deeds, and also the very permits, consents and statements intended to protect the individual environmental departments (such as air, water, landscape) or to regulate environmentally relevant activities (e.g. waste treatment). Subject of analyses are also the permission procedures pursuant to the Construction Act that ensure the protection of the common public interest on environment protection by the means of so called binding opinions of environmental protection authorities necessary in the land-use and construction permit issue proceedings as well as in other land-use planning activities. The aim of this Thesis is to describe specific aspects of the individual approval proceedings and their mutual procedural and factual correlation in order to eliminate interpretation difficulties caused by the fragmented legal regulation in the area of environmental protection legislation.
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Stark, Susanna Gertruida. "Die Ou Testament en ekologie : 'n skeppingsteologiese perspektief op rentmeesterskap / S.G. Stark." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10704.
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Novák, Arnošt. "Zelení proti zeleným. Radikální ekologie- komparativní analýza sociální ekologie s ekologií hlubinnou." Master's thesis, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-271834.
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The thesis presents comparative analyse of two streams of radical ecology - social and deep. This comparative study uses the hermeneutic method to select essential themes of the dispute between social and deep ecology. The essential themes are: the concept of nature, racioniality, the causes of ecological problems, the vision of environment as garden or wilderness, overpopulation and the ecological policy in action. The result of this comparative analyses is that synthesis of social and deep ecology isn't possible because of fundamental dissagreement. Despite this the discussion between both ecologies is needed. The social and deep ecology grow close by the critics of contemporary capitalistic and industrial society and awareness of necessary change.
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JELÍNKOVÁ, Lucie. "Phled aktivních ekologů - vědců na obsah učiva ekologie." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-252627.
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The main aim of this diploma thesis is to answer the question: What information do the scientists (who are actively researching in various areas of ecology) consider as the most important for the students from different school grades? We gathered answers from 31 scientists. For graduates of elementary school the scientists consider very important and fundamental the areas which deal with introduction to ecology, resources of organism, biomes, aquatic ecosystems, other interactions and flow of energy and matter in ecosystems. For High School graduates, scientists find important the area of resources of organism, biomes and other interactions, flow of energy and matter in ecosystems. For students who passed the High School leaving exams in biology the areas they consider as most important ecological factors, introduction to ecology, resources of organisms and other interactions.
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ŠÁLEK, Martin. "Ekologie lasicovitých šelem." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-45671.
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Ph.D. thesis is focused on different aspects of ecology of several mustelid species in the Central European landscape. Particularly, nest predation, habitat and resting sites selection, predator-prey interactions as well as impact of fragmentation and urbanization on mustelids were described in 8 published papers or manuscripts.
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Žďárská, Lenka. "Potravní ekologie netopýrů Středozemí." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-323662.
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This work gives an overview of the composition of the diet of bats in the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East, discusses the structure of bat communities in different bioregions of the area in terms of hunting strategies and resource partitioning and last but not least, how echolocation and morphological characteristics of bats affect the composition of the diet. Although some samples were relatively small therefore it is necessary to look soberly at their informative value, and thus their importance is undeniable. The study in some cases provides completely the first information regarding the composition of diet in several species. Asellia arabica mainly catches Coleoptera (Scarabaeidae), Triaenops persicus hunts Lepidoptera, but Heteroptera, Coleoptera (Scarabaeidae) and Orthoptera too, while Triaenops parvus is a specialist in hunting Lepidoptera. Rhinopoma muscatellum hunts mainly Formicoidea, followed by Coleoptera (Melolonthinae) and Heteroptera, Rhinopoma hadramauticum hunts Formicoidea. Lepidoptera of different size, Heteroptera and Coleoptera are the prey of Chaerephon nigeriae. Pipistrellus hanaki has a wide niche breadth as other species of the genus Pipistrellus. In this study Brachycera, Auchenorrhyncha and Coleoptera primarily occurred in its diet. Not yet described species of...
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Veselská, Tereza. "Evoluční ekologie rodu Geosmithia." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-321133.
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7 Abstract The genus Geosmithia Pitt (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) belongs to fungi living in symbioses with bark beetles. Its original strategy is association with phloeophagous bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytinae). The Geosmithia shows strong affiliation to vector (bark beetles) worldwide and the spectrum of host plants is delimitated by niche of vector. The genus includes the specialists to family Pinaceae, but also the generalists with wide range of host plants mainly belonging to broad-leaved trees. G. morbida changed its ecology from saprotrophic to pathogenic way of life and causes decline of Junglans nigra in the USA. Characteristics which allow its pathogenesis are not known. Another derived strategy, which occurred at least twice independently, is association with the ambrosia beetles. The ambrosia beetles create galleries in xylem with low nutritive value, and thus they cultivate ambrosia fungus, on which they are entirely nutritively dependent. The ambrosia fungi share convergent phenotype which leads to large terminal conidia and to ability of yeast growth. This master thesis is focusing on study of the features, which are important for individual ecological groups: the specialists to family Pinaceae, the pathogene, the ambrosia fungi and the generalists. It is becoming apparent that the most...
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KYSELOVÁ, Jitka. "Etická výzva hlubinné ekologie." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-54649.
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Deep ecology is the field of environmental ethics, which seeks to change human values and attitudes that would lead to the solution to environmental problems. The aim of this thesis is to confront the selected propositions which deep ecology include (overpopulation, economic growth, decentralization, ethics of voluntary simplicity and biodiversity) with views of other authors and to seek answers to the ethical and social issues associated with them. Opinions on the topic and their role in solvin
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HORN, Petr. "Ekologie rašelinišť na Šumavě." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85512.
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BARTOŠ, Michael. "Polinační ekologie koexistujících druhů." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-161442.
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Biotic pollination is essential mutualistic relationship that has developed between flowering plants and animals. Long-term co-evolution has given rise to a number of mutual adaptations in both plant and pollinators. However, the topics related to pollination syndromes, specialization of pollination partners or entire communities, pollinator preferences, legitimacy or effectiveness of particular pollinators, and specialized pollinator guilds are little explored in tropical areas. This thesis is composed of six original studies which are focused on several plant species co-flowering in dry season and on their visitors in mountain tropical areas in Cameroon, one of the important biodiversity hotspot. The synthesis of these studies reveals the processes on pollinator and plant community level.
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SLAVÍKOVÁ, Eliška. "Ekologie ve výtvarné výchově." Master's thesis, 2005. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-42933.
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Skála, Pavel. "Základní problémy psychologické ekologie člověka." Doctoral thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-272337.
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Mgr. Pavel Skála: Zá|<|adníproblémy psychologickéekologie člověka(doktorskádisertace)/ ndamental problems of the psychological approach to human ecology Résumé: V předkládanédisertaci se pokoušímukétzaturčiý qývoj současnélropsychologickéhopřístupu k ekologii člověkaz metodologickéhoa, v návaznostina to, téžobecněhumánně-ekologického, dynarnicko-psychologického a axiologického zejména patologického, a zvlášté pak environmentalistického- hlediska. Tento vývoj je předvederrna pěti výraznýcha relativněvlivnýclr směrechpsychologické ekologie člověka:na environrnentálnípsychologii' frommovskéneopsychoanalýze,hlubinné ekologii' roszakovské ekopsychologii, a radikální ekopsychologii Andyho Fishera' která představuje určitézavršenítolroto qývoje. Závěrem zde je, Že jde o qývoj směrem k určité metodologické důslednosti' v němž se zvětšují i možnosti praktické aplikace, zejména v environmentalistickéa psychoterapeutickéoblasti. Je ukazováno,žez metodologickéhohlediska sejedná o v]fo'ojod positivismupřes ruzné for-y nepositivistickéhoobjektivismu až k hermeneutiÓea fenomenologii;i fenomenologický přístupje všaku posledníhozmiňovanélrosměruspecificky,byťproblematickypřekonáván. Dále jsou předvedenyony důsledkytohotovyvoje pro způsobytoho,jak doýčnésměry nah|ižejiekologii ělověka,psychickoudytramiku,obecněaxiologii [a...
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PATÁČOVÁ, Eliška. "Polinační ekologie \kur{Impatiens sakeriana}." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-80499.
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The pollination biology of Impatiens sakeriana was studied in Northwest province, Cameroon. The most efficient way of reproduction was examined, futhermore nectar production was neasured and bird pollinators was observed.
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ČERVINKA, Jaroslav. "Ekologie obratlovců ve fragmentované krajině." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-178212.
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Mašínová, Tereza. "Ekologie kvasinek v lesních půdách." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-370864.
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Microbial communities inhabiting upper soil horizons represent an important component of forest ecosystems. However, despite the evidence that yeasts represent an integral part of topsoil fungal communities, their role in forest ecosystems received so far little attention. The aims of my PhD thesis were to describe yeast communities in soil and litter of a temperate forest using high- throughput sequencing of environmental DNA, identify dominant yeast species and to explore how the composition of yeast communities reflects the biotic and abiotic factors of the environment. I also aimed to isolate yeasts from forest topsoil, describe novel yeast taxa abundant according to the environmental DNA survey and screen representative isolates for the traits relevant to their involvement in organic matter transformation. I have demonstrated that in forest topsoil, yeasts represent a substantial proportion of fungal communities with higher relative abundance in soil than in litter. In litter, yeast communities differ significantly among beech, oak and spruce-dominated stands. Drivers of community assembly are probably more complex in soils and comprise the effects of soil chemistry and vegetation. Even though there are similarities in the response of the communities of yeasts and filamentous fungi to...
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Kadlec, Tomáš. "Ekologie motýlů v antropogenní krajině." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-286860.
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The dissertation thesis contains six original papers dealing with an influence of isolation, fragmentation and habitat loss on present cultural and urban landscape. Conclusions are based from studies of one species to those of whole butterfly communities. The first two papers deal with autecology of The Hermit (Chazara briseis) from its last viable population in the Czech Republic. During the last 20 years, it retreated from the republic, and recently it is classified as nearly extinct. The papers point to reasons of the rapid decrease: specialized life strategy and habitat losses. Due to high mortality of long-lived females, this species requires the compensation by high population size in large habitats. The next paper refers to habitat requirements of The Hermits' caterpillars. Local habitat conditions at study sites were noticeably similar to the conditions at German localities, at which this species is now practically extinct. Following two papers study an influence of urbanization on butterfly communities in 25 Prague reserves and parks. The first paper points to diversity changes during 30 years and their causes. Average number of species per site remained the same, but there were detected changes in species composition. Remarkable switching of species composition was observed mainly at large...
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Bendová, Barbora. "Potravní ekologie netopýra velkého (Myotis myotis)." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-353813.
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In 2012 it was observed foraging ecology of the three males of greater mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis), inhabiting individual roosts in the interior of road bridge near Bernartice, and the nearest nursery colony of the same species in the village Senožaty (district Pelhřimov). In the period April to September in Senožaty were made 14 collections at intervals of approximately 14 days and in the bridge near Bernartice at similar intervals were made 8 collections from each male in the period from May to September. From each collection were subsequently been analyzed 20 samples (pellets) by the traditional method of preparation of faeces. Overall it was from all the bats analyzed 760 samples, of which 280 from the nursery colony and 480 from males. Based on the analysis was found diet composition of individual bats and of the colony, where the overall character of the trophic niche of the greater mouse-eared bat, seasonal dynamics in it's diet composition, sex differences and individual differences between males were observed. From a point of view of it's hunting strategy the greater mouse-eared bat showed itself as a ground gleaner, in whose diet were dominated larger Coleoptera, of which the predominant component were large, flightless, mostly forest Carabidae, adding medium and smaller species of...
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Jančúchová, Lásková Jitka. "Ekologie chování gekončíka nočního (Eublepharis macularius)." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-368422.
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During evolution, the natural selection favours individuals with the best survival strategy and the highest reproductive success. From the evolutionary point of view, hybridization plays an important role in the process of speciation. Avoiding predators by choosing the most appropriate antipredator strategy increases the animal's chances of survival as well. Studying fitness consequences of hybridization and predation in Eublepharis macularius (Eublepharidae) was the main objective of this theses. Compared to other vertebrate groups, the reliable records on hybridization and its effect on the hybrid's fitness (fertility, survival) in lizards are scarce, despite their ability to hybridize between genetically distant species. These effects were examined in two species of eyelid geckos (E. macularius and E. angramainyu). We aimed to discover whether they were willing to hybridize with a heterospecific species and how the fitness of the hybrids would be affected. Similarly, were studied more genetically related forms of E. macularius species complex, the potential precopulatory barriers, and fitness cost of this hybridization. Analysis of published data has shown that the lizards hybridize between very phylogenetically distant species and are even "more successful" than birds or turtles. Surprisingly,...
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EBERMANNOVÁ, Petra. "Vybrané aspekty ekologie \kur{Pedicularis sylvatica}." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201536.
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The thesis deals with hemiparasitic species Pedicularissylvatica(Orobanchaceae). The species was monitored in 2014 and 2015 for important aspects of its biology (host spectrum and interactions with the plant comunity). Identity of the host was determined using the DNA barcoding method.
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KUŠOVÁ, Drahomíra. "Biosférické rezervae v kontextu krajinné ekologie." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201526.
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Szeryński, Tadeusz. "Kulturní ekologie, kulturní materialismus a marxismus." Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-289385.
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In my thesis, I attempt to outline the relation of the work of three prominent representatives of the 20th century American anthropology to Kari Marx's teachings. The text consists of four relatively independent parts joined by the subject of the application of materialist principles in the analysis of man and culture. In the first part, I advance my interpretation of the picture of man and nature in Kari Marx's writings. Besides Marx's approach to an individual and his activity, I also pay attention to his conception of the stmcture and development of human activity on the social level, where this practice acquires the complexion of socioeconomic formations, the succession of which constitutes human history unfolding in accordance with dialecticallaws. In the second part, I examine Marx' s inf1uence on the concept of man and culture in the writtings by Leslie Alvin White. Not only is it possible to identify the inspiration by Marx' s theories in White' s approach to the stmcture and development of a cultural system, but it is also obvious in his understanding of the relation of man to culture, and in certain passages on politi cal economy. The third part deals with Marvin Harris' s cultural materialism. I hope to show here the way that Harris employed certain fragments of Marx's method of historical...
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Nienaber, Herman Charl. "Ekologie en Sending : op weg na ‘n ekologiese sending-benadering in ‘n postapartheid Suid-Afrika (Afrikaans)." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26717.
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AFRIKAANS: Die ekologiese wêreldkrisis is die gevolg van die mens se oorskryding van die perke ten opsigte van vrede, geregtigheid en die heelheid van die skepping. Die kerk het bygedra tot hierdie krisis, en daarom kan dié krisis as ‘n sendingkrisis gesien word. Deur prinsipieel-teologiese beredenering bring hierdie studie duidelikheid oor die kerk se aandeel aan die ekologiese krisis in die wêreld as makrokonteks (afdeling A) en in Suid-Afrika as mikrokonteks (afdeling B) en oor die kerk se missionêre roeping as antwoord op dié krisis. ‘n Ekologiese sendingbenadering bied ‘n oplossing vanuit Suid-Afrika as mikrokonteks vir die wêreld in ‘n makrokonteks (afdeling C). Die studie word in drie afdelings aangebied. Afdeling A onder die opskrif: Die ekologiese krisis en die sending, ondersoek die invloed van die sending op die huidige ekologiese krisis in die makrokonteks. Aangesien die industriële rewolusie die grootste bydrae tot die ekologiese krisis gelewer het, word die sending se aandeel aan die krisis binne drie verskillende tydperke ondersoek. Gedurende die voorindustriële tydperk word die Middeleeuse klooster as teelaarde vir 'n kultuur van plundering bekyk. Verder word die proses van kolonisasie bespreek. Gedurende die vroeë industriele tydperk word daar gefokus op die wêreldbeskouing waardeur die mens as subjek teenoor die.aarde as objek te staan sou kom. 'n Kritiese blik word op die sending se propagering van die Westerse kultuur as 'n kultuur van vooruitgang gewerp. Gedurende die volwasse industriële tydperk word daar gekyk na die sending se bydrae in die totstandkoming van 'n teologie van ontwikkeling. Afdeling B se opskrif is: 'n Ekologiese perspektief op sending in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks. Hier word op ekologie en sending in Suid-Afrika as mikrokonteks gefokus. Aangesien kolonisasie, industrialisasie en groot-apartheid die grootste bydraende faktore tot die ekologiese krisis in Suid-Afrika is, word die,sending se aandeel tot die krisis ook hier in drie verskillende tydperke hanteer. Gedurende die voorindustriële tydperk word daar gefokus op die sending se aandeel aan die viervoudige proses van grondroof as aspek van die kolonisasieproses. Gedurende die vroeë, industriële tydperk word daar gekyk hoedat die sending doelbewus industriële kultuurwaardes en die Naturelle Grond Wet van 1913 help vestig het. Gedurende die volwasse industriële tydperk word daar gefokus op die sending se steun aan 'n onregverdige sosio-ekonomiese en sosio-politieke sisteem wat op groot-apartheid sou uitloop. Afdeling C onder die opskrif: Riglyne vir 'n ekologiese sendingbenadering in ‘n postapartheid Suid-Afrika, wil die kerk se missionêre roeptng in 'n ekologiese krisis-wêreld verwoord. Hierdie benadering word in terme van tien aspekte van die sending omskrywe. Die basis en vertrekpunt van so 'n benadering is gerig op die koninkryk van God: Geregtigheid teenoor die kosmos vorm die kern van hierdie benadering. 'n Ekologiese sendingbenadering as onder meer evangelisasie, behels dat die Goeie Nuus van Jesus Christus se verlossing so verkondig moet word dat dit die sondaarmens oproep tot 'n nuwe lewe waarin qie nuwe mens as rentmeester van God se skepping lewe. 'n Ekologiese sendingbenadering as Eko-Teologie roep onder meer die kerk tot 'n nuwe manier van teologisering wat ingrypende implikasies vir Teologiese opleiding in 'n postapartheid Suid-Afrika inhou. 'n Ekologiese sendingbenadering vanuit 'n postapartheid Suid-Afrika as mikrowêreld bied vrede, geregtigheid en die heelmaking van die skepping as die kerk se missionêre antwoord op die ekologiese krisis vir die makrowêreld. ENGLISH: Mankind has shattered the justice, peace and integrity of creation. This has resulted in the ecological crisis of the world. The Church has contributed to this crisis. Therefore it may be seen as a mission crisis. Through theological analysis this study examines the role of the Church’s mission regarding the ecological crisis in the world in a macrocontext (section A) and microcontext (section B), as well as the Church’s vocation in the light thereof (section C). An ecological approach to mission from South Africa in a microcontext offers a model for this vocation in a macrocontext. The study consists of three parts. During the pre-industrial-period the study focuses on Medieval monasteries. Among other things a culture of plunder evolved here. The process of colonialism was also the result. In the early industrial period the focus is set on that philosophy of life in which man came to be the subject in opposition to the earth as object. This philosophy brought about the missionary proclamation of a Western culture of progress. During the mature industrial period the contribution of mission towards the establishment of a theology of development is discussed. In part two an ecological perspective on mission in the South African context is given. Because colonialism, industrialisation and grand apartheid are the greatest contributing factors to the ecological crisis in South Africa, mission's contribution towards the crisis is examined during three periods: During the pre-industrial period, the study focuses on the quadruple process mission undertook in the process of colonisation. During the early industrial period the study reflects on how mission deliberately helped establish a set of industrial cultural values and the Land Act of 1913. The mature industrial period focuses on the support of mission to the creation of an unequal socio-economical and socio-political substructure which would eventually lead to grand-apartheid. In order to express the Church’s mission agenda in an ecological crisis world, part three under the heading: Guidelines towards an ecological approach to mission in a post-apartheid South Africa, presents a few guidelines for a new approach to mission in a post-apartheid South Africa. An ecological approach as a comprehensive approach, includes the following aspects: Mission directed towards the Kingdom of God serves as basis and point of departure for such an approach whereas justice towards the cosmos forms the centre thereof. An ecological approach to mission also consists of evangelism where the Good News of the Gospel of Jesus Christ calls mankind as sinner, to a new life in which man’s stewardship of God’s creation is being acknowledged. An ecological approach to mission as Eco-Theology calls the Church to a new way of theologising with radical implications for theological formation in a post-apartheid South Africa. An ecological approach to mission from the microcontext of a post-apartheid South Africa, offers justice, peace and the integrity of creation as the Church’s missiological response to the world in ecological need in the macrocontext.Thesis (DD)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Science of Religion and Missiology
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Falteisek, Lukáš. "Ekologie mikrobiálních společenstev v prostředí sulfidických rud." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-353387.
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1 Abstract This thesis is focused on the diversity of microorganisms of prokaryotic type living in the environments, where microbial sulfidic mineral precipitation or decomposition occur. The relationship between the microbial community composition and geochemical processes was examined. To the best of our knowledge, we were the first to analyze microbial communities from gossan and their significance for the ecosystem of a large sulfidic ore deposit. In addition, we compared the microbial assemblies at multiple habitats associated with generation or transformation of acidic mine drainage (AMD) and described niche partitioning among closely related organisms. The unexpectedly variable communities in stalactites growing on the AMD springs were utilized as a model for assessing neutral variability of the microbial communities. They clustered almost randomly even though the environmental conditions corresponded with the localities. This is an important difference of the simple communities from stalactites and the common highly diversified microbial assemblies. The communities found in sediments, soil, and many other complex substrates usually reveal high correlation with their environment. We propose that neutral fluctuations of the community composition are suppressed by averaging multiple physically...
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Jahelková, Helena. "Sociální chování a ekologie netopýrů rodu Pipistrellu." Doctoral thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372417.
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43 Summary of results of presented research Since discrimination of two cryptic species inside Pipistrellus pipistrellus s.l based on echolocation calls (Jones & van Parijs 1993), social calls (Barlow & Jones 1997), and molecular data (Barratt et al. 1997), the genus Pipistrellus have been studied intensively. The mainstream of my research were reproduction strategies and vocalization behaviour of Nathusius's pipistrelle (Pipistrellus nathusii). It is a small European insectivorous species, which is known for his migratory behaviour. The dominant mating system is resource-defence polygyny. Males vocalize during flight (songflight) and from entrances of their day roosts (sedentary display). Advertising calls occur during whole active season, but they considerable increase during mating season. Males show strong fidelity to their mating roosts whereas females are fixed to maternity colonies (Schmidt 1984, Rachwald 1992, Gerell-Lundberg & Gerell 1994, Furmankiewitz 2003, Petersons 2004). This species exhibits variability in mating behaviour in different countries, probably due to long- distance migrations. In Czech Republic, the species was considered to be rare and only sporadic indications of reproduction were found (Hanák & Gaisler 1976, Šefrová & Buřič 1998). Main research area of my study was in South...
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DOHNAL, Radomír. "Potravní a teritoriální eto-ekologie bobra evropského." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-48449.
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LUČAN, Radek. "Populační ekologie netopýra vodního \kur{Myotis daubentonii}." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-54135.
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Various aspects of population ecology of Daubenton?s bat (Myotis daubentonii) were analyzed based on long-term data (1968?1984 and 1999?2009) gathered in a single model study area (ca. 10 km2) in South Bohemia, Czech Republic. Among others, population structure, roosting dynamics, movements between roosts and long-term trends in numbers of bats were described. Results of the study on patterns in reuse of tree cavities suggest that tree cavities may be reused for many consecutive seasons and that this has to be taken into consideration by conservation practices. The results of the study on microclimate of one maternity and one male colony roosting in man-made structures revealed that microclimatic differences may be one of the key factors in roosting preference between the two sexes. Further, a profound effect of changing energetic demands in females during different phases of the reproductive cycle may greatly influence their activity rhytms. In further two studies, the effect of climate on reproductive parameters of bats and abundance of ectoparasitic mites was analyzed. The results suggest that climatic variation greatly influenced reproductive parameters and parasitation of Daubenton?s bats. Last but not least, the seasonal dynamics of parasitation by ectoparasitic mites and the possible effect on bats? condition was analyzed. It was found out that seasonal dynamics in abundance of parasites is adjusted to the reproductive cycle and roosting dynamics of its host.
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ZIMMERMANN, Kamil. "Ekologie denních motýlů tradičně obhospodařovaných podhorských luk." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-55258.
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The persistence of Marsh fritillary (Euphydryas aurinia) and its relationships with five other closly related and co-occuring Nymphalidae butterflies was studied in identical habitat networks. Basic demography and dispersal patterns, and their consequences for conservation strategies, were investigated across mutliple sites and seasons.
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CHMEL, Kryštof. "Hnízdní ekologie bramborníčka hnědého (\kur{Saxicola rubetra})." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-135734.
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Fialová, Tereza. "Populační biologie a ekologie Phyteuma orbiculare L." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-284863.
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Population biology and ecology of the species Phyteuma orbiculare L. Abstract This diploma's thesis deals with Phyteuma orbiculare L. (Round-headed Rampion) from family Campanulaceae. According to the law (MŽP ČR 395/1992 Sb.) the studied species is classified as a seriously endangered species of the Czech flora. Two of its distinguished subspecies (subsp. montanum and flexuosum) are on the Red list of vascular plant species (Procházka 2001) of critically endangered species. One of the outputs of this thesis are grid maps of all localities of the species in the following time intervals: until 1949, 1950 - 1989, 1990 - 1999 and 2000 - 2010. As information sources about location of P. orbiculare I used herbaria collections, literature, botanical databases, and Protected Landscape Area Administrative reports. Some data were obtained from botanical experts and some from my personal field-work. One of the main results of thesis is comparison of the distribution of historical and recent localities of the species. I studied chemical composition of soil, species composition and number of flowering plants amount of populations in 21 recent and 19 historical localities in Czech Republic. Recent localities are richer in species and poorer in nutritive substances than the historical localities. Number of flowering...
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Hrbková, Olga. "Jazykové prostředky současné francouzštiny v oblasti ekologie." Master's thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-294202.
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Professional style includes scientific style, practical-expert style and popular educational style. The intial theoretical introduction is followed by an analysis on four levels: pragmatic, discursive, the theme-rheme structure and lexical-syntactic. The analysis i s based on a comparison of texts which belong to various areas of professional style and thematically pertain to the subject of ecology. Description of linguistic means is used as a foundation for the analysis on the syntactic and lexical level as well as the analysis of specific features in syntactic, morphological and lexical structure: - syntactic approach examines the use of various sentential constructions and word order in relation to the standards of professional style; - morphological approach focuses on the use of grammatical tenses and grammatical moods - lexical approach surveys the use ofterminology and word-forming process. The method applied determines specific requirements for analysis on individua! levels: on the pragmatic level we study pragmatic factors ofthe communication act. On discursive level we describe overall organization and types oftextual units. On the theme-rheme structure we focus on the arrangement of semantic components within a sentence from the functional sentence perspective and the potential of these...
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Matějů, Jan. "Socialita a ekologie zemních veverek tribu Marmotini." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-309446.
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of the Ph.D. thesis Autor: Jan Matějů Name: Sociality and ecology in ground squirrels (tribe Marmotini) Ground-dwelling squirrels are parafyletic group of rodents from the family Sciuridae (tribes Marmotini and Xerini). Ground-dwelling squirrels are semi-fossorial inhabitants of treeless biotopes. They share most aspects of general biology. They usually breed once a year, have exclusively diurnal activity and are omnivorous. On the contrary, ground-dwelling squirrels display different levels of sociality, which makes them an ideal model to study different ecological aspects connected with evolution of sociality. The first part of the Ph.D. thesis is focused on the relationship between sociality and sexual size dimorphism and relative and absolute size of brain. At first, supposing that different levels of sociality are connected with differences in intensity of sexual selection acting on males, we tested association between sociality and sexual size dimorphism as well as association between sexual size dimorphism and body size - so called Rensch rule. Next, we tested correlation between sociality and relative brain size. In agreement with the Social brain hypothesis, we assumed that e.g. solitarily living species should have smaller relative brain size than species living in stable pairs. We found...
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Brožík, Josef. "Morální ekologie - východiska, teorie a praktické projevy." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-313209.
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I tried to describe the theme of moral ecology as the matter of relationship of man and his environment. There was an effort also to mention important connections and circumstances such as history of relationship of man and nature and connected human interventions there that have led to common state.. It is reflected as ecological crisis by big part of experts as well as public. This was by informations coming from reports about state of the world from seventies (when the crisis was recognized) and later from nineties and common time Then there were mentioned supposed causes of this situation. There followed brief exposition of authors dealing with moral ecology and their ideas. Afterwards the attention was focused especialy on strategies of voluntary or intentional simplicity and ways of reasonable consumption as the main practical displays of moral ecology as well as means to solve environmental crisis. The article on efectivity in production as the way of reasonable consumption was added. In the end there was placed part dealing with needed and possible ways of solution of ecological problems on the social, economical and political level. as the next important displays of moral ecology.
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Malechová, Marie. "Odpadní látky, plasty a ekologie (Školní projekt)." Master's thesis, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-370834.
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Černá, Kateřina. "Prostorová variabilita a ekologie společenstev fytobentosu v rašeliništích." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-299119.
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Spatial variability and ecology of phytobenthic algal assemblages in peat bogs Abstract The thesis concerns two main issues: spatial distribution of microalgal assemblages in the environment of temperate peat bogs, and determination of morphological plasticity of selected desmid species (Euastrum binale, Staurastrum hirsutum) under different pH-levels using geometric morphometrics. The principal aims can be summarized as follows: (1) to evaluate seasonal and spatial patterns of the distribution of algal assemblages in a temperate lowland peat bog; (2) to describe the small-scale spatial patterns of the distribution of algal assemblages in two different microhabitats of a raised bog; (3) to investigate the range of morphological plasticity of selected desmid species under different pH-levels; (4) to evaluate species diversity and disparity of desmids in peat bogs using methods of geometric morphometrics and their relation to environmental conditions. The spatial pattern of the distribution of algal assemblages was studied along a linear transect in the homogenous environment of a lowland peat bog within one year on different spatial scales (10cm, 1m, 10m). The seasonal dynamics were exhibited by an increase in diversity, and a decrease in dominance from May to October, with significant differences in species...
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DILLINGEROVÁ, Hana. "Experimentální studium ekologie kriticky ohroženého druhu rozchodníku huňatého." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-396061.
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The aim of this diploma thesis was to elaborate a literature survey and especially to conduct an experimental study of ecological demands of the critically endangered species Sedum villosum. The localities, on which S. villosum formely occurred, disappeared largely because of habitat destruction by draining and plowing of wet meadows, or by the abandonment followed by development of high vegetation and biomass accumulation. Therefore, this work could contribute to the knowledge of shadow influence and surrounding vegetation concurency on seed germination and flowering of this species. Retrieved knowledge can be later used for rescue program realization (repatriation options, strengthening populations, habitat requirements). The experiments showed a significant negative effect of the shading and the presence of surrounding vegetation (sedges, brown mosses and peat mosses) on germination and flowering of S. villosum. Furthermore, it was found that S. villosum is able to germinate directly on water surface, with seed germination even higher than on wet soil. The experimental sowing, planting and subsequent monitoring of germination, growth and survival of S. villosum at the rehabilitated area of Knížecí Pláně (NP Šumava) showed that it is possible to strengthen S. villosum population by sowing and planting autochthonous material on prepared areas with a torn down turf. As an acceptable tools seems to be using mulch from mown in the area of the original population. Similar process can be used in the future for restoring historical localities of this species.
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BLAŽEK, Petr. "Ekologie vybraných druhů poloparazitických rostlin z čeledi Orobanchaceae." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-386578.
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The thesis is focused on the ecology of grassland hemiparasitic Orobanchaceae species, with the focus on Rhinanthus spp., which are vulnerable to modern landscape changes. Various aspects of their population ecology were explored to provide comprehensive information about their ecological requirements. In addition, the parasitic effect of Rh. major on Calamagrostis epigejos was explored.
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PRŮŠOVÁ, Monika. "Ekologie populací jednoletého poloparazitického druhu \kur{Melampyrum pratense.}." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-53343.
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The thesis deals with the hemiparasitic species Melampyrum pratense. This species was monitored during the growing season 2009 and the relationship between morphological characteristics and reproductive success of plant individuals was assessed. The relationships between population density, the vegetative biomass and the investments in generative reproduction were investigated. Identity of the host species was determined using the DNA barcoding method.
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Jandurová, Radka. "Aspekty a priority krajinné ekologie v pozemkových úpravách." Doctoral thesis, 2005. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-92728.
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Mařák, František. "Ekologie netradičních ovocných druhů a jejich praktické využití." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150703.
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Rusler, Lukáš. "Ekologie planktonní sinice Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii na jižní Moravě." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150836.
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