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Castillo-Esparcia, Antonio, Ángeles Moreno, and Paul Capriotti-Peri. "Presentación Vol 10 No 19." Relaciones Públicas en tiempos del confinamiento 10, no. 19 (June 26, 2020): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.5783/rirp-19-2020-01-01-06.
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Presentation of the new issue by Dr. Antonio Castillo-Esparcia (University of Malaga, Spain), Dra. Ángeles Moreno (University Rey Juan Carlos, Spain) y Dr. Paul Capriotti-Peri (University Rovira i Virgili, Spain).
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Sancho-Galán, Amores-Arrocha, Palacios, and Jiménez-Cantizano. "Genetical, Morphological and Physicochemical Characterization of the Autochthonous Cultivar ‘Uva Rey’ (Vitis vinifera L.)." Agronomy 9, no. 9 (September 18, 2019): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9090563.
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‘Uva Rey’ is considered an Andalusian (Spain) ancient autochthonous cultivar with hard white grapes used for the production of wine and raisins and also for raw consumption. Currently, this cultivar is not included in the official register of Spanish grapevine varieties and there is neither a description nor a characterization that could facilitate its insertion in this register. In order to study this genetic resource, a genetic and morphological characterization of ‘Uva Rey’ has been carried out in comparison with ‘Palomino Fino’, the main cultivar in Andalusia (Spain). Additionally, grape must physicochemical characterization and grape berry texture profile analyses were performed. Genetically, ‘Uva Rey’ was synonymous with the cultivar ‘De Rey’. ‘Uva Rey’ grape must physicochemical results showed a lower sugar concentration and a higher malic acid content compared to ‘Palomino Fino’ must, while the analysis of the grape berry texture profile proved to be more consistent and cohesive. These results can be attributed to the longer phenological cycle presented by ‘Uva Rey’. All these facts could lead to consideration of ‘Uva Rey’ as a cultivar for the production of white wines in warm climate regions.
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Obtułowicz, Barbara. "María Cristina de Borbón–Dos Sicilias y su nieto el rey Alfonso XII." Estudios Hispánicos 24 (March 31, 2017): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-2546.24.12.
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María Cristina de Borbón–Dos Sicilias and her grandson, King of Spain Alfonso XIIThe article presents the cordial relations between Maria Cristina de Borbón–Dos Sicilias and her grandson, since 1874 King of Spain, Alfonso XII. It focuses on the truth, forgotten by historians, about a human side of Reina Abuela. The main attention is centered on a specific game played by Maria Cristina with her grandson and members of his family, in which both an intention for the Bourbon restoration in the person of Alfonso XII and a consolidation of his rule played a special role. The authors also mention two visits to her grandson in Spain, especially we are interested in Maria Cristina’s arrival in Madrid in 1878, on the occasion of the wedding of Alfonso XII with his cousin Maria de las Mercedes, and the attitude of the former queen and regent to this controversial relationship.
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MACDONALD, IAN R. "Gabriel Miró's "El abuelo del rey" and the Politics of Spain." Bulletin of Hispanic Studies 67, no. 4 (October 1990): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/bhs.67.4.379.
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MacDonald, Ian R. "Gabriel Miró's El abuelo del rey and the Politics of Spain." Bulletin of Hispanic Studies 67, no. 4 (October 1990): 379–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1475382902000367379.
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Pacheco, José M. "Mobility and Migration of Spanish Mathematicians during the Years around the Spanish Civil War and World War II." Science in Context 27, no. 1 (February 6, 2014): 109–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889713000409.
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ArgumentThis paper considers some aspects of the reception and development of contemporary mathematics in Spain during the first half of the twentieth century, more specifically between 1910 and 1950. It analyzes the possible influence of scientists’ mobility in the adoption of newer views or theories. A short overview of key points of the social and scientific background in nineteenth-century Spain locates the expounded facts in an appropriate context. Three leading threads are followed. First is the consideration of the mobility of some Spanish mathematicians during a period including World War I and World War II – when Spain was a theoretically neutral country – and the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939). Second, the emergence and socio-political behavior of a dominant mathematical group gathered around Julio Rey Pastor between 1915 and 1936 is also accounted for, as well as its continuity after the Civil War into the 1940s. Third, attention is paid to the migration or interior exile of a number of mathematicians as a consequence of the Civil War. The paper is organized around nine Tables containing information on mobility of mathematicians, doctorates awarded in the mathematical sciences, and mathematical production in Spain during this period, accompanied by statistical résumés and comments on interesting entries. The main conclusions drawn are: 1) a number of integrants of the Rey group, himself included, officially traveled to Austria, France, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland – usually after having obtained doctorates and fixed positions – imported mathematical knowledge into Spain; 2) the group also managed to dominate the mathematical panorama from both the scientific and the sociological viewpoint; 3) social usages in Spanish mathematical affairs established in Spain in the years prior to the Civil War present a clear continuity under the Franco regime once the war was over.
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Sesé, Carmen, and Jorge Morales. "Late Aragonian mammal sites of Cuesta del Rey (Duero Basin, Burgos, Spain)." Spanish Journal of Palaeontology 32, no. 1 (April 9, 2020): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/sjp.32.1.17031.
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Cardona Zuluaga, Patricia. "“Un mismo cuerpo y una misma nación”: lealtad y fidelidad a España. Nueva Granada, 1813-1816." Araucaria, no. 47 (2021): 163–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/araucaria.2021.i47.08.
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Este artículo explora la situación que enfrentaron los llamados realistas durante la Independencia en la Nueva Granada y su lenguaje de amor y subordinación al rey, a través del cual ratificaban su pertenencia a la comunidad política española, aun habiendo nacido en América. El rey no era un símbolo lejano, sino una presencia sentida y vivida por sus vasallos americanos. Las guerras de Independencia no enfrentaron, como lo adujo la historiografía tradicional, a criollos y peninsulares, sino a miembros de un mismo cuerpo político, quienes por mantenerse leales a la corona o haber nacido en la península, fueron convertidos en enemigos a exterminar, tal como se dispuso en el Decreto de guerra a muerte de 1813, expedido por Simón Bolívar.
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Evenden-Kenyon, Elizabeth. "Mary Tudor – From the Page to the Screen." VIEW Journal of European Television History and Culture 10, no. 19 (June 24, 2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/view.256.
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This article explores representations of Mary I of England, wife of Philip II of Spain. Specifically, it examines the portrayal of the queen – perhaps most famously known by the epithet ‘Bloody Mary’ – in the TV series Carlos, Rey Emperador (2015-2016), and in its associated online supporting materials. It details how textual representations of Mary underpin European visual depictions of the queen, and considers the ways in which Mary transcends stereotypical, quintessentially English-language portrayals of Mary for Spanish and Portuguese audiences. In doing so, it posits wider observations on the mnemonic strategies underpinning the series Carlos, Rey Emperador, and its different framings for Spanish and Portuguese audiences on the Internet.
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ASSING, VOLKER. "A revision of Zoosetha Mulsant & Rey and Poromniusa Gangl-bauer. II. A new species from Spain and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)." Zootaxa 310, no. 1 (September 26, 2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.310.1.1.
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Zoosetha wunderlei sp. n. (Spain: Sierra de Segura), the nineth species of the genus, is described, illustrated, and distinguished from its congeners. Additional records of other species of Zoosetha Mulsant & Rey and of Poromniusa Ganglbauer are presented. The distributions of Zoosetha wunderlei, Z. inconspicua (Erichson), Z. incisa Assing, Poromniusa procidua (Erichson), and P. crassa (Eppelsheim) are mapped.
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Cingolani, Stefano. "primer testamento del rey Pedro El Ceremonioso . (I) Edición." Aragón en la Edad Media, no. 30 (June 1, 2020): 71–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_aem/aem.2019304613.
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Resumen: En este artículo se presenta la edición del primer testamento del rey Pedro El Ceremonioso (1336-1387), hasta el momento inédito, y otros textos que rodean su composición. Los documentos que se editan se hallan custodiados en la Real Academia de la Historia (RAH, España), en una serie facticia dentro de los fondos de la Colección Salazar y Castro. Palabras clave: Pedro el Ceremonioso, testamentos regios, Corona de Aragón, siglo xiv. Abstract: This paper offers the first edition of the unpublished firts will of King Peter The Ceremonious (1336-1387), jontly with other related texts. The documents that are published are kept in the Royal Academy of History (RAH, Spain), in a factitious series within the documentary funds of the Salazar y Castro Collection. Key words: Peter the Ceremonious, royal wills, Crown of Aragon, 14th century.
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Novoa, Francisco, and Andrés Baselga. "A New Mayetia Mulsant and Rey (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from Galicia (Northwest Spain)." Coleopterists Bulletin 56, no. 4 (December 2002): 541–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x(2002)056[0541:anmmar]2.0.co;2.
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Rus Rufino, Salvador. "Fernando el Católico: el oficio de Rey como una empresa familiar." Pecvnia : Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Universidad de León, no. 12 (June 1, 2011): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/pec.v0i12.625.
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Este artículo trata de mostrar cómo la política de Fernando el Católico consiguió realizar el sueño de a) unificar un territorio disperso; b) aglutinar a los actores de la historia en torno a un proyecto común y c) proyectarlo todo a un ámbito internacional. En suma, Fernando el Católico fue capaz de convertir una pequeña empresa (el reino de Aragón) en una multinacional cuyo dominio duró más de siglo y medio.<br /><br /><br />This article tries to show how the policy of King Ferdinand managed to realize the dream of: a) unify scattered territory; b) bring to get her with the actors of the history of Spain a common project and c) project-it-all at an international level. Ferdinand was able to turn a small company (the Kingdom of Aragon) in a multinational whose rule lasted for more than a century and a half.<br />
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Guillén, M. A., and J. Ochoa. "The Plaza del Rey in Cartagena, Spain, 1751-2014 – a case of social and spatial destruction." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1189 (December 2017): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2017.1189.17.
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Perri, Michael. "Ambiguous Authority: Juan de Frías and the Audiencia of Santo Domingo Confront the Conquistador Antonio Sedeño (1537)." Americas 74, no. 4 (August 31, 2017): 427–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/tam.2017.87.
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On May 19, 1537, in a region of the Pearl Coast, two armed factions of Spaniards challenged one another on the banks of the Unare River in what would become eastern Venezuela (see Figure 1). Licenciado Juan de Frías and his smaller force of about 80 men confronted a large party under the command of the conquistador Antonio Sedeño. Frías professed to represent the crown by charge of the Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo, which had bestowed on him a vara del rey (staff of the king, symbolizing royal authority) and sent him off to arrest Sedeño. Sedeño likewise maintained that he had royal authority, citing his capitulación (contract of conquest) for the nearby island of Trinidad and letters from Empress Isabel, wife of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V (King Charles I of Spain) and regent of Spain from 1529–32 and 1535–39. In their confrontation, both Frías and Sedeño claimed to represent the will of the king.
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Sanz-Pérez, E. "The Importance of Measuring Students’ Opinions and Attitudes." Data 4, no. 1 (March 22, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data4010043.
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The data presented in this article are related to a research carried out at the University Rey Juan Carlos in Spain. Chemical Engineering taught as a subject across three Energy Engineering-based degree streams was evaluated for two academic years. Student insight on course development, their own expectations and results, and the evaluation system were explored via a 33-item survey, receiving 47 full responses. The present contribution provides the full responses obtained from students to the survey administered. The received data were studied applying thorough statistical analyses used to infer conclusions. The full set of data are made public here independently from the research article.
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SANCHEZ, ANGEL, JOSE F. VELEZ, ANA BELEN MORENO, and JOSE L. ESTEBAN. "INTRODUCING ALGORITHM DESIGN TECHNIQUES IN UNDERGRADUATE DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING COURSES." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 15, no. 05 (August 2001): 789–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001401001155.
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This paper documents the development and first offering of an undergraduate course in Digital Image Processing at the Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid (Spain). The paper describes how the appropriate introduction of main Algorithm Design Techniques can successfully assist the students to achieve a comprehensive understanding of image operations and related algorithms. Image processing problems offer a natural way to present real world problems where the students can use their algorithmic knowledge. Furthermore, image processing solutions are needed from a methodological development and require efficient well-designed algorithms. This paper presents an effort in the integration of Algorithm Design Techniques in a Digital Image Processing course with a very practical scope.
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harrison, joseph. "The power of entrepreneurs: politics and economy in contemporary Spain – By Mercedes Cabrera and Fernando del Rey." Economic History Review 61, no. 1 (February 2008): 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.2007.00419_22.x.
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Gea-García, Gemma María, Carmelo Fernández-Vicente, Francisco J. Barón-López, and Jesús Miranda-Páez. "The Recreational Trail of the El Caminito del Rey Natural Tourist Attraction, Spain: Determination of Hikers’ Flow." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 12, 2021): 1809. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041809.
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Hiking is a very popular outdoor activity, and has led to an exponential increase in the number of visitors to natural spaces. The objective of this study was to analyze the circulation pattern of visitors to the Caminito del Rey trail, based on the three zones into which the trail can be divided. The sample consisted of 1582 hikers distributed into three different profiles. Of these, 126 utilized an eye-tracking device during the hike, while, for the rest (1456), only their travel speed along the trail was recorded. The use of eye tracking devices identified a greater number of interesting landscapes located in zones 1 and 3 of the trail, and it was observed that the mean travel speed was greater for zone 2 (42.31 m/min) (p < 0.01). Additionally, when the three different visitor profiles were analyzed, significant differences were found between the mean travel speeds according to sectors (p < 0.05). This information is crucial for more efficient management of the trail, as it allows for the development of measures to control and regulate the flow of visitors according to zone, and the design of additional strategies to increase the awareness of the hiker about specific areas of the hike.
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Revilla, Eloy, and Francisco Palomares. "Differences in key habitat use between dominant and subordinate animals: intraterritorial dominance payoffs in Eurasian badgers?" Canadian Journal of Zoology 79, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z00-173.
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Group-living territorial animals such as the Eurasian badger, Meles meles L., face the problem of intragroup competition. Badgers are asymmetric in their access to reproduction (dominant individuals being the ones that reproduce), but little information exists about the extent of intragroup trophic competition. We studied badgers' use of a key trophic resource (the European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus), as well as the use of the habitat where this resource is located (key habitat, Mediterranean scrubland) by a low-density group-living population of badgers in Coto del Rey, Doñana, southwestern Spain. During 19951996, there was a 2.2-fold reduction of rabbit density, which was reflected in a significant diminution of rabbit use; despite this, rabbits continued to be the most used trophic resource. Notwithstanding the decrease in rabbit density, subordinate badgers reduced their use of the key habitat, while dominant badgers increased it. These results suggest that in Coto del Rey, badger groups exhibit a fully despotic system, with dominance by some individuals not only in access to reproduction, but also in access to food through unequal use of the key habitat that contains it.
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Rodríguez-Lorenzo, Gloria A. "The Arrival of the Zarzuela in Budapest El rey que rabió by Ruperto Chapí." Studia Musicologica 60, no. 1-4 (October 21, 2020): 243–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/6.2019.00012.
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The appearance of zarzuela in Hungary is entirely unknown in musicology. In the present study, I discuss the currently unchartered reception of the zarzuela El rey que rabió (first performed in Spain in 1891) by Ruperto Chapí (1851-1909), a Spanish composer of over one hundred stage pieces and four string quartets. Premièred as Az unatkozó király in Budapest seven years later in 1898, Chapí’s zarzuela met with resounding success in the Hungarian press, a fervour which reverberated into the early decades of the twentieth century. Emil Szalai and Sándor Hevesi’s skilful Hungarian translation, together with Izsó Barna’s appropriate adjustments and reorchestration, accordingly catered the work to Budapest audiences. Through analysis of hand-written performance materials of Az unatkozó király (preserved in the National Széchényi Library), alongside a detailed study of the Hungarian reception, the profound interest in Spanish music–particularly in relation to musical theatre–amongst the turn-of-the-century Hungarian theatre-going public is revealed. This paper explores how Az unatkozó király became a success in Hungary.
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Holloway, Graham J., Christopher W. Foster, and Amanda Callaghan. "New distributional record of Anthrenus dorsatus Mulsant & Rey, 1868 (Coleoptera, Dermestidae) on the island of Mallorca, Spain." Check List 15, no. 1 (January 18, 2019): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/15.1.33.
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The carpet beetle Anthrenus dorsatus has previously been recorded from North Africa and Malta. During a recent visit to the island of Mallorca several Anthrenus species were collected which included a number of Anthrenus dorsatus specimens. This record adds a new species both to the island of Mallorca and to the Spanish checklist. These records extend our knowledge of the distribution of A. dorsatus and provide more evidence of range expansion in the pimpinellae species group across Europe, possibly because of global climate change.
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Rodrííguez O., Jaime E. "New Spain and the 1808 Crisis of the Spanish Monarchy." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 24, no. 2 (2008): 245–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2008.24.2.245.
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This article examines New Spain's reaction to the 1808 crisis of the Spanish Monarchy. It considers the proposal of the Ayuntamiento of Mexico to establish a congress of cities, the reaction of some peninsulares, the juntas generales, and the golpe de Estado of 1808. Although the Americans expressed loyalty to the Spanish Monarchy while insisting on their rights, many Europeans considered their actions as little better than treason. These peninsulares also feared that Viceroy Joséé de Iturrigaray, whom they believed to be corrupt, sought to separate New Spain from the composite Spanish Monarchy and make himself king. The article demonstrates that the Americans desired home rule not independence. They viewed themselves as loyal citizens who were responding to an extraordinary threat to the Monarchy. The Americans and their European allies, including Viceroy Iturrigaray, based their arguments for a congress of cities on traditional Hispanic political principles. It also demonstrates that, despite the accusations made by his enemies, Viceroy Iturrigaray was neither a traitor nor corrupt. Este artíículo examina la reaccióón de la Nueva Españña frente a la crisis de la Monarquíía españñola en 1808. Se considera la propuesta del Ayuntamiento de Mééxico de establecer un congreso de ciudades, la reaccióón de algunos peninsulares, las juntas generales, y el golpe de Estado de 1808. Aunque los americanos expresaran lealtad a la Monarquíía españñola insistiendo en sus derechos, muchos europeos consideraron sus acciones como una traicióón. Estos peninsulares tambiéén temieron que el Virrey Joséé de Iturrigaray, que ellos creyeron que era corrupto, procurara separar a la Nueva Españña de la Monarquíía españñola y autonombrarse rey. El artíículo demuestra que los americanos deseaban autonomíía y no independencia. Ellos se veíían a síí mismos como ciudadanos leales que respondíían a una amenaza extraordinaria contra la Monarquíía. Los americanos y sus aliados europeos, incluso el Virrey Iturrigaray, basaron sus argumentos para un congreso de ciudades en principios polííticos hispanos tradicionales. Tambiéén se demuestra que, a pesar de las acusaciones hechas por sus enemigos, el Virrey Iturrigaray no era ni traidor ni corrupto.
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Rodríguez-Burbano, Aura Yolima, Isabel Cepeda, Ana Magdalena Vargas-Martínez, and Rocío De-Diego-Cordero. "Assessment of Ambivalent Sexism in University Students in Colombia and Spain: A Comparative Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (January 24, 2021): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031009.
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(1) Background: Gender-based violence has no geographical, personal, or social boundaries. It constitutes a serious public health problem that affects the entire society. This research aims to identify and compare the level of ambivalent sexism in Spanish and Colombian university students and its relationship with sociodemographic factors. Ambivalent sexism, developed by Glick and Fiske (1996), is considered a new type of sexism since, for the first time, it combines negative and positive feelings that give rise to hostile and benevolent sexism, maintaining the subordination of women through punishment and rewards. (2) Methods: The methodology consisted of the application of the validated Spanish version of the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) to a sample of 374 students in their final academic year of the Law program, of which 21.7% were students at the University of Santander (Bucaramanga, Colombia), 45.5% at the University Rey Juan Carlos (Madrid, Spain), and the remaining 32.9% at the University of Seville (Seville, Spain). (3) Results: A high level of ambivalent sexism is reported in Colombian students nowadays. In the two countries. there are similarities (e.g., the great weight of religion and the variation in attitudes towards sexism in people who identify themselves as women, compared to male or students consulted that prefer not to answer) and differences (e.g., absence in Colombia of gender-specific legislation, low number of students who have received gender education in Spain). (4) Conclusions: These findings may contribute to the construction of laws that take into account the particular problems of women and the development of educational programs on gender that are offered in a transversal and permanent way and that take into account cultural factors and equity between men and women as an essential element in the training of future judges who have the legal responsibility to protect those who report gender violence.
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Sevilla Aloso, Eva. "Primeros conflictos ceremoniales en el reinado de Felipe V. La lucha de la grandeza por el acceso al monarca | First ceremonial conflicts in the reign of Felipe V. The struggle of greatness for access to the monarch." REVISTA ESTUDIOS INSTITUCIONALES 7, no. 12 (July 20, 2020): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/eeii.vol.7.n.12.2020.27396.
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La etiqueta borgoñona, implantada en España desde 1548, era inflexible y opresiva, pero conocida y respetada por toda la corte. Fijaba el ceremonial de todos los actos para cada persona incluido el monarca. Todos los derechos y privilegios estaban regulados y los principales beneficiarios eran los grandes. La etiqueta les aseguraba no solo la proximidad con el monarca, de la que se derivan innumerables beneficios y honores, sino también un papel político muy importante. Se puede decir que eran los dueños de la corte, y a diferencia de la francesa, la corte española se presentaba como una oligarquía de grandes (Bottineau, p.132).Con la llegada de la dinastía borbón a España la etiqueta borgoñona no desapareció, pero se produjeron transformaciones muy importantes mediante pequeñas pero continuas disposiciones de clara influencia francesa en los distintos reglamentos que se dictaron y en los ceremoniales que se establecieron al gusto de la corte de Versalles.Felipe V llegó al trono español bajo la tutela de su abuelo, el Rey Sol. Luis XIV consideraba que la decadencia de la monarquía española y la falta de autoridad del rey eran consecuencia de la etiqueta borgoñona, que propiciaba una excesiva invisibilidad que aislaba al monarca y le sometía a un encierro, vigilado por los grandes que aumentaba su poder sobre él. Consideraba que la única manera de restablecer la autoridad del rey era la reforma de la etiqueta.Pero la grandeza española se resistió a estos cambios. Opuso una tenaz lucha contra las reformas de Felipe V, dispuesta a no ceder sin resistencia ni uno solo de sus privilegios cerca de la persona del rey (Gómez-Centurión, 1996, p.988).________________________The Burgundian label, implanted in Spain since 1548, was inflexible and oppressive, but known and respected by the entire court. It fixed the ceremonial of all the acts for each person including the monarch. All rights and privileges were regulated and the main beneficiaries were the great ones. The label assured them not only the proximity to the monarch, from which countless benefits and honors are derived, but also a very important political role. It can be said that they were the owners of the court, and unlike the French, the Spanish court presented itself as a great oligarchy (Bottineau, p.132).With the arrival of the Bourbon dynasty in Spain the Burgundian label did not disappear, but very important transformations took place through small but continuous provisions of clear French influence in the different regulations that were issued and in the ceremonies that were established to the liking of the court of Versailles.Felipe V came to the Spanish throne under the tutelage of his grandfather, the Sun King. Louis XIV considered that the decline of the Spanish monarchy and the lack of authority of the king were a consequence of the Burgundian label, which led to excessive invisibility that isolated the monarch and subjected him to a confinement, watched over by the greats who increased their power over him. He considered that the only way to restore the king's authority was to reform the label.But Spanish greatness resisted these changes. She opposed a tenacious fight against the reforms of Felipe V, willing not to yield without resistance not a single one of his privileges near the person of the king (Gómez-Centurión, 1996, p.988).
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Vázquez-Miraz, Pedro. "Representación de la historia de España por medio de la filatelia. Estudio de los sellos diseñados por Gallego y Rey." Panta Rei. 14, no. 1 (September 30, 2020): 89–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/pantarei.444341.
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Se presenta un análisis pormenorizado de todos los sellos postales españoles elaborados por los humoristas gráficos Gallego y Rey, los cuales pretendieron reflejar la historia española. Este peculiar tipo de producto filatélico, basado en la combinación de hechos históricos y caricaturas, tuvo como objetivo inicial el de fomentar la correspondencia entre los jóvenes lográndose formar un conjunto que exhibe una visión de toda la historia española. Por medio de una revisión de toda la serie de sellos titulada “Historia de España” (2000-2017) se estudió todo el contenido de estos elementos comunicativos y pedagógicos. Los resultados más relevantes nos permitieron determinar que los autores presentaron ciertos sesgos ideológicos, concluyendo que este material filatélico transmitió una serie de valores que ensalzaban hechos históricos ligados al nacionalismo español. The research presents a detailed analysis of all Spanish postage stamps created by the humorists Gallego and Rey, which intended to reflect the Spanish history. This peculiar kind of philatelic product, based on the combination of historical facts and caricatures, had as initial objective to encourage mailing among young people resulting in an exhibition of a sole vision of the Spanish history. Through a review of the entire series of stamps entitled “History of Spain” (2000-2017) all the content of these communicative and pedagogical elements was studied. The most relevant results of this study allowed us to determine that the authors presented some ideological bias, concluding that this philatelic material transmitted a series of values that highlighted historical events linked to Spanish nationalism.
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Sánchez Navarro, Ángel J. "El papel de la Corona en el nombramiento del primer ministro belga: un modelo no importable." Teoría y Realidad Constitucional, no. 41 (May 28, 2018): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/trc.41.2018.22139.
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Tras la incapacidad de construir una mayoría parlamentaria y la necesidad de convocar nuevas elecciones en España en 2016, ciertos sectores sociales y políticos señalaron la conveniencia de revisar los procesos de investidura. En particular, se hizo hincapié en el papel del Rey, tratando de sugerir nuevas fórmulas capaces de otorgar estabilidad y superar la fragmentación política resultante de las últimas elecciones generales. El presente estudio se centra principalmente en el modelo belga, que reserva un papel importante para el Rey, alcanzándose la conclusión de que este modelo no presenta una mayor eficiencia política que permita pensar en tratar de trasladar a nuestro sistema algunas de sus previsiones.Alter the failure to build a parliamentary majority and the need to hold new elections in Spain in 2016, certain social and political sectors have pointed out the convenience of reviewing the Spanish procedures for appointing a new Government. In particular, the role of the King has been analysed, trying to suggest new formulae capable of granting stability and surmounting the political fragmentation which resulted from the last general elections. The paper focuses mainly on the Belgian model for appointing a government, which reserves an important role for the King. It tries to show that, taking into account not only the —formal and informal— rules, but also the political practice, the Belgian model does not appear at all as more efficient than the Spanish one. And, what is more important from a systemic point of view, it allows a deeper debate on the political and institutional position of the Head of the State.
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Anduaga, Aitor. "Earthquakes, Damage, and Prediction: the Spanish Seismological Service, 1898-1930." Earth Sciences History 23, no. 2 (January 1, 2004): 175–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.23.2.f47560027108w202.
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The creation and development of the Servicio Sismológico Español (1906-1930) clearly illustrates the complexity of the organisation of seismological networks in Spain during the Restauración and the reign of Alfonso XIII. A unique combination of technical advances, seismological knowledge and the need for safety and seismic prediction gave rise to the emergence of both state and private observatories, an important aspect of the process of scientific modernisation after the Spanish-American war of 1898. This paper aims to show how the engineer Eduardo Mier y Miura (1858-1917) played a key role in the foundation of the Servicio, despite the fact that some of his decisions and contributions were highly criticised by the next generation of seismologists. Figures such as Vicente Inglada, José Galbis, and Alfonso Rey Pastor carried out a complete reorganisation of the Servicio. These events did not stem from the well-known regeneracionismo movement which took place at the turn of the century, but were rather the result of internal dynamics.
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Martín-Valdepeñas Yagüe, Elisa. "Los Estatutos de la Real Sociedad Económica Matritense de Amigos del País de 1775 y sus intentos de reforma (1775-1808)." Cuadernos de Estudios del Siglo XVIII, no. 27 (December 22, 2017): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/cesxviii.27.2017.219-250.
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RESUMENLa Real Sociedad Económica Matritense de Amigos del País se rigió durante cuarenta años por los estatutos fundacionales aprobados por el rey Carlos III en 1775. Hasta 1808 hubo diversos intentos de reforma integrales que no prosperaron, como el proyecto de estatutos de 1800. La propia dinámica de funcionamiento de la Sociedad puso en evidencia, con el paso del tiempo, aspectos importantes de su gobierno interior que las normas fundacionales no habían previsto, como las elecciones y el sistema de admisión de socios. La Sociedad pudo resolver algunos problemas de funcionamiento gracias a la reforma parcial de sus normas fundacionales.PALABRAS CLAVEReal Sociedad Económica Matritense de Amigos del País, Ilustración, Carlos III, Carlos IV, Estatutos de 1775. TITLEThe Statutes of the Royal Economic Society of Madrid and its reform efforts (1775-1808)ABSTRACTThe Royal Economic Society of Madrid was governed for forty years by the founding statutes that were approved by King Carlos III in 1775. There were several attempts at comprehensive reform, such as the draft rules of 1800, which did not succeed until 1808. The very working dynamics of the Society revealed during this time some key aspects of its governance that the statutes had not foreseen, such as elections and the admission of members. The Society was able to resolve some organizational problems due to the partial reform of its founding rules.KEY WORDSRoyal Economic Society of Madrid, Enlightenment, King Charles III of Spain, King Charles IV of Spain, Statutes of 1775.
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Simon de Blas, Clara, Daniel Gomez Gonzalez, and Regino Criado Herrero. "Network analysis: An indispensable tool for curricula design. A real case-study of the degree on mathematics at the URJC in Spain." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 11, 2021): e0248208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248208.
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Content addition to courses and its subsequent correct sequencing in a study plan or curricula design context determine the success (and, in some cases, the failure) of such study plan in the acquisition of knowledge by students. In this work, we propose a decision model to guide curricular design committees in the tasks of course selection and sequencing in higher education contexts using a novel methodology based on network analysis. In this work, the local and global properties stemming from complex network analysis tools are studied in detail to facilitate the design of the study plan and to ensure its coherence by detecting the communities within a graph, and the local and global centrality of the courses and their dependencies are analyzed, as well as the overlapping subgroups and the functions and different positions among them. The proposed methodology is applied to the study of a real case at the Universidad Rey Juan Carlos.
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Padín Portela, Bruno. "Un episodio en la construcción narrativa de la historia de España: los traidores y la ‘pérdida de España’ / An Episode in the Narrative Construction of the History of Spain: The Traitors and the ‘Loss of Spain’." Historiografías, no. 11 (December 27, 2017): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_historiografias/hrht.2016112378.
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This paper examines the role of traitor’s figure in the narratives of the principal Historias Generales de España focusing upon the the Islamic conquest of 711. Starting by the Germanic legislative tradition, which associates the idea of treason with king’s figure, we shall study the evolution of historical account throughout centuries, where the Visigoths have always played the role of axis in the representation of Spanish identity. We shall also discussed the different types of treason, their importance in national constructions, and their impact on historiographical tradition, emphasizing in particular the stereotype of the Jews and their stigmatization as internal enemies for much of the history of Spain.Key WordsTreason, Muslim conquest, Visigoth kingdom, histories of Spain.ResumenEn este trabajo analizaremos el papel de la figura del traidor en los relatos de las principales Historias Generales de España, centrándonos en el episodio de la conquista musulmana de 711. Partiendo de la tradición legislativa germánica, que asocia la idea de traición con la figura del rey, estudiaremos la evolución del relato histórico a través de los siglos, donde los visigodos jugaron el papel de eje vertebrador de la identidad española. Reflexionaremos también sobre los diferentes tipos de traiciones, su importancia en los relatos de las construcciones nacionales, y su impacto en la tradición historiográfica; poniendo el acento en el estereotipo de los judíos y su estigmatización como enemigos internos durante gran parte de la historia de España.Palabras claveTraición, conquista musulmana, reino visigodo, historias de España.
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Serna, Jorge, Verónica Muñoz-Arroyave, Jaume March-Llanes, M. Teresa Anguera, Queralt Prat, Aaron Rillo-Albert, David Falcón, and Pere Lavega-Burgués. "Effect of Ball Screen and One-on-One on the Level of Opposition and Effectiveness of Shots in the ACB." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 7, 2021): 2676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052676.
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In light of the importance of shots on the final result in basketball matches, this research aims to reveal the predictive ability of variables associated with different game actions (ball screen, one-on-one near the basket and one-on-one far away from the basket), shot zone (near to or far from the basket) and players’ position (outside or inside) of the success of shots and of the type of shot, defended or not defended, in three seasons (2014 to 2016) of the Copa del Rey in the ACB (Asociación de Clubes de Baloncesto) League in Spain. Observational methodology was used, and an ad hoc instrument was created using Lince software. The study was conducted on a total of 7695 game actions, of which an analysis of 877 shots was made using CHAID (Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection) classification trees. The results obtained in this research have led us to the following conclusions: (a) the most important variable in the success of shots is to find “open shots”, regardless of the game action, (b) one-on-one actions outside and inside the zone have a clear connection to the finishes of the plays and end up in defended shots, (c) shots by ball screen lead to more open shots than in one-on-one and (d) play with passes may facilitate to find “open shots”. These results can be of interest for coaches to prepare their teams in the best possible way, but they must be interpreted with caution as the sample was very specific (Copa del Rey in the ACB League) and, therefore, it is necessary to continue investigating this topic in other competition contexts.
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Alonso, Patricia, and Jose Maria Iriondo. "URJC GB dataset: Community-based seed bank of Mediterranean high-mountain and semi-arid plant species at Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (Spain)." PhytoKeys 35 (March 25, 2014): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.35.6746.
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Mora Peris, Pedro, Jorge Castilla Gómez, Juan Herrera Herbert, and Daniel Barettino Fraile. "Ecological restoration of a former gravel pit contaminated by a massive petroleum sulfonate spill. A case study: Arganda del Rey. Madrid (Spain)." Ecological Engineering 100 (March 2017): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.11.022.
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Restall, Matthew. "Black Conquistadors: Armed Africans in Early Spanish America." Americas 57, no. 2 (October 2000): 171–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2000.0015.
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“I, Juan Garrido, black resident [de color negro vecino] of this city [Mexico], appear before Your Mercy and state that I am in need of making aprobanzato the perpetuity of the king [a perpetuad rey], a report on how I served Your Majesty in the conquest and pacification of this New Spain, from the time when the Marqués del Valle [Cortés] entered it; and in his company I was present at all the invasions and conquests and pacifications which were carried out, always with the said Marqués, all of which I did at my own expense without being given either salary or allotment of natives [repartimiento de indios] or anything else. As I am married and a resident of this city, where I have always lived; and also as I went with the Marqués del Valle to discover the islands which are in that part of the southern sea [the Pacific] where there was much hunger and privation; and also as I went to discover and pacify the islands of San Juan de Buriquén de Puerto Rico; and also as I went on the pacification and conquest of the island of Cuba with theadelantadoDiego Velázquez; in all these ways for thirty years have I served and continue to serve Your Majesty—for these reasons stated above do I petition Your Mercy. And also because I was the first to have the inspiration to sow maize here in New Spain and to see if it took; I did this and experimented at my own expense.”
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Valladares, Rafael. "El camino a Carlos II. Haro, Felipe IV y la restauración del gobierno personal en España = The Road to Carlos II. Haro, Felipe IV and the Restoration of Personal Government in Spain." Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie IV, Historia Moderna, no. 33 (December 2, 2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.27549.
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La relación entre España y Francia a partir de 1661 revistió un interés particular a causa de la confluencia de dos fenómenos: el fin de la hegemonía hispánica y la extinción del valimiento en ambas coronas. Esto último dio paso al restablecimiento del gobierno personal, primero en Francia, en marzo de aquel año, y luego en España, en noviembre. En el caso español, menos conocido que el francés, Felipe IV llevó a cabo esta restauración no solo, ni principalmente, por la necesidad de emular a su sobrino Luis XIV, sino, recurriendo a la tradición de su propia historia y dinastía, con el objetivo de incluir este modo de gobierno en el legado del futuro Carlos II, consciente de que la persistencia del valimiento en España con un rey niño haría inviable la Monarquía.AbstractThe relationship between Spain and France from 1661 has a particular interest owing to the coincidence of two political phenomena: the end of the Hispanic hegemony and the abolition of the favouritism in both countries –and consequently the restauration of the personal rule, first in France, in March 1661, and then in Spain, in November. The Spanish case is less known but is very interesting. Philip IV decided to restore the absolute government not only to emulate his nephew Louis XIV, but above all to guide the future rule of his son, Crown Prince Charles, according to the historical tradition of the Habsburg dynasty. The ultimate goal of Philip IV was to avoid the weakening or even the disappearance of the Spanish Monarchy during the Royal minority of Charles II –a four-year-old child in 1665.
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Torres Muro, Ignacio. "La reforma del procedimiento ordinario de nombramiento del presidente del Gobierno." Teoría y Realidad Constitucional, no. 30 (June 1, 2012): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/trc.30.2012.7010.
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El trabajo revisa el debate sobre una posible reforma del procedimiento ordinario de nombramiento del presidente del gobierno en España, con la intención de hacerlo más simple y más rápido. Se examinan las principales soluciones al problema en el derecho constitucional comparado, como una manera de fijar las alternativas reales, solo para llegar a la conclusión de que el coste de la reforma del sistema actualmente vigente es demasiado alto, porque significaría un cambio radical en el papel del jefe del Estado (el Rey) y en sus relaciones con el Parlamento y los ministros.The essay makes a review of the debate about a possible reform of the ordinary procedure to choose the primer minister in Spain, in order to make it simpler and quicker. The main solutions to the problem in comparative constitutional law are examined, as a way of fixing the real alternatives, only to conclude that the cost of the reform of the system, that is nowadays working, is to high, because it will mean a radical change in the role of the Head of State (the King), and in his relations with Parliament and the ministers.
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Arenillas Meléndez, Sara. "Empoderamiento y masculinidad en la estrategia de género de Alaska = Empowerment and masculinity in the gender strategy of Alaska." FEMERIS: Revista Multidisciplinar de Estudios de Género 3, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/femeris.2018.4322.
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Resumen. La cantante Alaska ha sido uno de los iconos más representativos de la modernidad en España, participando de forma destacada en la Movida. Según Alberto Mira (2004), el rasgo que definió a la Movida fue la adopción del modelo camp de homosexualidad. En este artículo, proponemos un análisis del discurso de género de Alaska, cuyo rasgo más destacado sería la adopción de este modelo camp de homosexualidad. Para ello, hemos comparado la versión que realizó del tema Quiero ser Santa con la original de Parálisis Permanente, y analizado su dúo con Loquillo en El ritmo del garaje y su canción Rey del Glam. Alaska habría articulado, gracias al modelo camp, una masculinidad no hegemónica que le habría servido para empoderarse y legitimarse dentro de las escenas de la música popular española. Para ello, Alaska utilizó el artificio propio del camp mediante estrategias como el travestismo de la voz o el uso de un estilo performativo externo.Palabras clave: Alaska, camp, Movida, artificio, glam.Abstract. The singer Alaska has been one of the most representative icons of modernity in Spain, participating prominently in the Movida. According to Alberto Mira (2004), the feature that defined La Movida was the adoption of the homosexuality camp model. In this article, I propose an analysis of the gender discourse of Alaska, whose most outstanding feature would be the adoption of this camp model of homosexuality. To do this, I have compared the version she made of the song Quiero ser Santa with the one of Parálisis Permanente, as well as her duet with Loquillo in El ritmo del garaje and her song Rey del Glam. Alaska, thanks to the camp model, articulated a non-hegemonic masculinity that helped her to be empowered and legitimized within the scenes of Spanish popular music. To pursue this, Alaska used the artifice of the camp through strategies such as the use of a cross-dressing voice or a style of performance that involved showmanship.Keywords: Alaska, camp, Movida, artifice, glam.
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Archer, N., T. Hess, and J. Quinton. "The water balance of two semi-arid shrubs on abandoned land in South-Eastern Spain after cold season rainfall." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 6, no. 5 (October 31, 2002): 913–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-6-913-2002.
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Abstract. The inland, mountainous marginal areas (land abandoned by farming and colonised by shrubs) of the Iberian Peninsular, Spain, generally receive a higher rainfall than the coastal areas (Lazaro and Rey, 1991) and may store water after cold season (autumn and winter) rainfall. By measuring runoff, change of soil water content and rainfall, this study tests the hypothesis that two shrubs on two sites on abandoned land do not use all the water available after cold season rainfall. One site was on an upper alluvial slope dominated by Anthyllis cytisoides and the other on a lower alluvial slope dominated by Retama sphaerocarpa. The root systems of A. cytisoides and R. sphaerocarpa penetrate to 3 m and 20 m, respectively. A. cytisoides senesces during the dry season and R. sphaerocarpa is evergreen. The water balance is dominated by high actual evapotranspiration (ET), which is limited by rainfall. Reference evapotranspiration was high; runoff was low and soil water storage occurred above 2 m depth. ET and water storage were highest under A. cytisoides shrubs. Runoff was lower on the ‘Anthyllis’ site. The spatial variability of soil water is high and the problems of its measurement are discussed. The quantity of rainfall infiltrated was greater under shrubs than grass-areas, suggesting that shrub roots facilitated preferential flow. The growing season of A. cytisoides began when water was available in the upper soil layers and senescence occurred when the upper soil layers dried to less than 4% water content. A. cytisoides, therefore, relies on water from these layers. The main growth of R. sphaerocarpa occurred when the upper soil layers were relatively dry, so that R. sphaerocarpa must extract water from deeper layers. Results suggest that A. cytisoides accumulates rainfall and runoff and directs water to lower layers for later use, while R. sphaerocarpa extracts water from deeper soil layers. By mid-summer both shrubs had extracted all the available water accumulated in the upper soil layers from cold season rainfall. Keywords: water balance, neutron probe, patchy vegetation, mosaic vegetation, Spain, semi arid, Anthyllis cytisoides, Retama sphaerocarpa
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Pulido, Marta. "Técnicas de organización de actos en la ceremonia del 12 de octubre, Día de la Fiesta Nacional | Techniques for organizing events at the ceremony on October 12, National Holiday Day." REVISTA ESTUDIOS INSTITUCIONALES 4, no. 7 (December 21, 2017): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/eeii.vol.4.n.7.2017.20203.
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El Real Decreto 862/1997, establece y regula por primera vez, a través de la norma jurídica, la organización de los actos conmemorativos que deben regir la celebración del 12 de octubre, ejemplo paradigmático de la organización de actos oficiales concebida como técnica de gestión de las relaciones públicas en el ámbito oficial. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar comparativamente las técnicas de organización de actos aplicadas en la celebración del 12 de octubre de los dos últimos años, desde la Promulgación de Felipe VI como Rey de España, que permiten evidenciar la organización de actos como una técnica de gestión de las relaciones públicas institucionales.____________________________Royal Decree 862/1997 establishes and regulates for the first time, through the legal norm, the organization of the commemorative acts that should govern the celebration of October 12, a paradigmatic example of the organization of official acts conceived as management technique of public relations in the official field. The main objective of this work is to analyze the techniques of organization of acts applied in the celebration of the 12 of October of the last years, from the Promulgation of Felipe VI like King of Spain, that allow to evidence the organization of acts like a technique of management of institutional public relations.
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Borrás-Gené, Martínez-Núñez, and Martín-Fernández. "Enhancing Fun Through Gamification to Improve Engagement in MOOC." Informatics 6, no. 3 (July 26, 2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics6030028.
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Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), regardless of their topic, are a perfect space to generate, through virtual learning communities associated with them, very valuable resources for their participants and, in general, anyone interested in the topic covered. If in the design of these learning spaces, elements specific to games are added to them, which is known as gamification, we can try to increase the engagement of the student towards the course and, therefore, towards the community. This paper presents an experience of a MOOC of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (Spain) with a connectivist approach. Aspects such as fun and motivation have been worked on in the design, through the application of gamified activities and the use of elements from social networks, considered as gamification, with the aim of increasing participation and engagement within a Facebook group, used as a community to support the course. We have analyzed aspects such as enjoyment and motivation, the result of which has been active participation and high engagement within the MOOC community in the form of content and especially great interaction, highlighting the existence of continuous activity once the edition of the MOOC is finished, as a consequence of a habit generated in the student.
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López Rubio, Daniel. "La investidura del Presidente del Gobierno: un análisis a la luz de la experiencia reciente = The investiture procedure in Spain: an analysis in light of the recent experience." EUNOMÍA. Revista en Cultura de la Legalidad 13 (September 29, 2017): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/eunomia.2017.3811.
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Resumen: Las elecciones generales de 2015 y 2016 en España han puesto fin a un período de más de tres décadas marcado por un claro bipartidismo. Hasta ese momento, los procesos de investidura no revistieron nunca una especial dificultad, lográndose de un modo relativamente rápido la formación de gobierno. La nueva situación política, que ha traído 315 días sin un gobierno en plenitud de funciones, aconseja revisar la normativa constitucional relativa a la elección del Presidente del Gobierno, reflexionando sobre la conveniencia o no de introducir algunas reformas.Palabras clave: Investidura, elección del Presidente, gobierno parlamentario, funciones del Rey, reforma constitucional.Abstract: More than three decades of a strong two-party system ended after the Spanish general elections of 2015 and 2016. Until then, investiture had never been particularly difficult and the formation of the government had taken place rapidly. The new political situation, that produced a 315-day span without government, suggests reviewing the constitutional rules for the election of the President of the Government and discussing whether or not some legal reforms are convenient.Keywords: Investiture, election of the President, parliamentary government, the King’s constitutional role, constitutional reform.
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Vincent, Mary. "Understanding Violence." Contemporary European History 29, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777320000296.
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Any civil war leaves a legacy of partisanship. Divisions persist over time and may be particularly bitter when, as in Spain, a culture of victory survives long after the end of hostilities. Any attempt at reconciliation was postponed, leading to an unusually bifurcated historiography, framed by a perennial interest into who, at base, was responsible for the outbreak of the civil war. The parameters of this debate were set in the 1970s, most notably in works by Stanley Payne and Paul Preston. It has continued in various guises since then, most recently revived by a generation of Spanish scholars, such as Fernando del Rey Reguillo, who have added case studies and new levels of detail, while leaving the terms of the debate more or less unchanged. Of course the historiographical panorama can change, often in tandem with the historical context, as several contributions to this roundtable make clear, notably those of Vjeran Pavlaković, Helen Graham and Giuliana Chamedes. However, the framing of the Spanish Civil War is still essentially moral: who bore responsibility for the outbreak of war, who was to blame for the defeat of the republic and, as a consequence, the conduct of the repression. One result has been to assimilate the history of the civil war with that of the Second Republic; another is a historiography that is largely political in tone and focus.
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Gómez Requejo, María. "Los Austrias y las ceremonias alrededor de la muerte del rey, ritual y simbología // The Habsburg’s kings in Spain and the ceremonies around the king’s death, rites and symbols." REVISTA ESTUDIOS INSTITUCIONALES 3, no. 4 (May 31, 2016): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/eeii.vol.3.n.4.2016.18384.
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Las ceremonias que se tenían lugar cuando se producía el fallecimiento de un monarca de la casa de Austria, tanto las pre como las post mortem, eran el vehículo de un lenguaje simbólico cargado de representaciones y emblemas que le recordaban al súbdito tanto el poder del rey muerto como el que iba a tener su sucesor y asimismo ponían de manifiesto la unión de la dinastía con la Iglesia Católica. Enfermedad, muerte y exequias se convierten, con estos monarcas, en un espectáculo fastuoso que requiere escenografía, actores, vestuario, guion y un público –los súbditos- del que se busca una participación ya sea consciente y activa o pasiva, como mero espectador, pero en todo caso necesario para que el espectáculo cumpla su objetivo: persuadir del poder real. Abstract The ceremonies around the death of a Habsburg king in Spain, where the vehicle to a symbolic language, full of representations and emblems, used to remind to his loyal subjects not only the power of the dead king and the one his heir and successor was going to hold, but also the relationship between the dynasty and the Roman Catholic Church. With the Habsburg’s, the illness, death and exequies of the monarch were converted into a sumptuous show that needed: a set, actors, lavish costumes, script and audience –the loyal subjects- to which audience participation, whether it be active or passive, was essential to fulfill its objective: to be persuaded of the king’s power.
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Casado Arboniés, Manuel. "Un contexto temprano de política educativa regia: El “estudio general” de Alcalá de Henares (1293) = An Early Royal Educational Policy Context: the Study General of Alcalá de Henares (1293)." CIAN-Revista de Historia de las Universidades 21, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cian.2018.4195.
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Abstract: The University of Alcalá de Henares. In terms of origin it was the fourth to be created in Spain after the short-lived University of Palencia (1212), the University of Salamanca (1218) and the University of Valladolid (1241). The University of Alcalá de Henares with its General or Advanced Studies was founded on 20 May 1293 by the Archbishop of Toledo, Gonzalo Pérez Gudiel, and King Sancho IV by royal privilege. The most distant precedent in at the time of theUniversity have set up from the 13 April 1499 Cardinal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros.Keywords: Origin, University of Alcalá de Henares, General or Advanced Studies,Sancho IV, Archbishop of Toledo Gonzalo Pérez Gudiel, Cardinal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros.Resumen: La Universidad de Alcalá de Henares. Su origen histórico la sitúa en cuarto lugar de las creadas en España, después de la de Palencia (1212), la primera pero de muy corta duración, la de Salamanca (1218) y la de Valladolid (1241). La Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, con sus Estudios Generales, -estudios superiores-, fue creada el 20 de mayo de 1293 por el Arzobispo de Toledo GonzaloPérez Gudiel y por el rey de Castilla Sancho IV, por privilegio real. El precedente más alejado en al tiempo de la universidad configuró a partir del 13 de abril de 1499 el Cardenal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros.Palabras clave: Origen, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Estudios Generales, Sancho IV, Arzobispo de Toledo Gonzalo Pérez Gudiel, Cardenal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros.
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Quirós Rosado, Roberto. "La construcción de un cursus honorum diplomático en tiempos de Carlos II: Francesco del Giudice (1684-1700) = The Construction of a Diplomatic Cursus Honorum in the Time of Charles II of Spain: Francesco del Giudice (1684-1700)." Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie IV, Historia Moderna, no. 31 (December 14, 2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.31.2018.21148.
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Entre los consejeros de Estado elegidos en la remesa de 1699 se encontraba un único eclesiástico, oriundo de una familia titulada del reino de Nápoles: Francesco del Giudice (1647-1725). El presente artículo ofrece una visión sistemática sobre la carrera que, tanto al servicio de los pontífices romanos como del rey de España, permitió al purpurado alcanzar uno de los mayores cargos de representación política de la Monarquía. A través de redes diplomáticas, negociados en la curia romana y clientelas fundamentadas en lealtades, correspondencias y regalos, se podrán comprender los motivos por los que Del Giudice logró el favor del cardenal Portocarrero y, por tanto, el de Carlos II en la difícil coyuntura de fin-de-siècle.Among the Spanish councilors of State chosen in 1699 was an only one churchman, who was born in a new-aristocratic family of the Kingdom of Naples: Francesco del Giudice (1647-1725). This paper offers a portrait about a career that, based on the service to the Pope and the King of Spain, allowed the cardinal to reach one of the most important dignities in the Monarchy. Through diplomatic networks, Roman politics, and strong patronages linked to loyalties, letters and gifts, it could be possible to understand the reasons why Del Giudice got the sympathy and favour of the Queen Maria Anna of Neuburg, the Cardinal Portocarrero and, of course, the King Charles II in the fin-de-siècle.
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Chao Prieto, Ricardo. "La "memoria de treguas" de los tres Alfonso: un paso en el camino a la independencia de Portugal = "Memoria de treguas" of the three Alfonso: a step along the way towards the independence of Portugal." Añada: revista d'estudios llioneses, no. 1 (May 24, 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ana.v0i1.6163.
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<p><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p>Edición y análisis de un documento poco conocido del Archivo Histórico Nacional de España en el que se pactan treguas entre el rey de León (Alfonso VII) y el infante de Portugal (Afonso Henriques, futuro Alfonso I), actuando como árbitro y mediador el rey de Aragón (Alfonso I el Batallador). Presentamos la transcripción y traducción del texto, así como un pequeño estudio y análisis de su contenido, ofreciendo una posible identificación de los protagonistas y de la cronología del documento. Se pretende destacar la gran importancia de esta tregua para la historia de Portugal, puesto que podría ser una de los primeros testimonios de la independencia de Afonso Henriques y su territorio respecto a Alfonso VII y León. Constituye una nueva prueba de que el camino de Portugal hacia la independencia se inició tempranamente. El documento incluye toda una serie de cláusulas entre las que destaca la demarcación de una posible frontera en ese momento histórico, señalada por el castillo de Ribeira.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The present research focuses on the edition and analysis of a little-known document from the Archivo Histórico Nacional of Spain, where truces were signed between the king of León (Alfonso VII) and the Infante of Portugal (Afonso Henriques, the future Alfonso I), in which the king of Aragon (Alfonso I the Battler) acted as an arbitrator and mediator. It contains the transcription and translation of the text, as well as a small study and analysis of its content, providing a possible identification of the participants and the chronology of the document. It is important to high-light the relevance of this truce to the history of Portugal, since it is one of the first testimonies of the independence of Afonso Henriques and his territory with respect to Alfonso VII and León. It is further proof that the road to independence of Portugal began early. This truce includes a whole series of clauses among which there is the possible demarcation of a border at that historical moment, marked by the castle of Ribeira.</p>
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Martins, F., and C. Felgueiras. "RES Efficiency Indicators for Portugal, Spain and Germany." Journal of Clean Energy Technologies 3, no. 4 (2015): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/jocet.2015.v3.205.
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Préstamo Landín, María Teresa del. "Reescrituras decimonónicas del siglo XV español: el Suspiro del Moro en la narrativa de Manuel Fernández y González." Lectura y Signo, no. 11 (December 20, 2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/lys.v0i11.4749.
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<p>El topónimo Suspiro del Moro tiene su origen en la leyenda que narra la huida del rey Boabdil. La<br />confrontación entre la derrota nazarí y la conquista de la España cristiana constituyó un motivo de<br />extraordinaria pertinencia literaria en el siglo que da a luz los nacionalismos, la necesidad de crear un<br />sentimiento de unión del pueblo frente a lo extranjero y una conciencia histórica. En el presente artículo<br />abordaré este constructo histórico-nacional, así como su función dentro del historicismo naciente del xix<br />y las diferentes manifestaciones literarias que se llevaron a cabo, tomando como ejemplo las redactadas<br />por Manuel Fernández y González.</p><p>Palabras Clave: Manuel Fernández y González, Suspiro del Moro, siglo xix, novela histórica, reescritura</p><p>The Suspiro del Moro place-name has its origin in King Boabdil’s escape. The confrontation among the<br />Nazari loss to the conquest of Christian Spain, was a motif of extraordinary literary relevance in the<br />century that gave birth to nationalism and the need to create a sense of unity nation against the foreign<br />and historical consciousness. In this article, I will present this historical-national construct, as well as<br />its role in the nascent historicism of the nineteenth century and the different manifestations that were<br />carried out taking as an example the ones written by Manuel Fernández y González.</p><p>Key Words: Manuel Fernández y González, Suspiro del Moro, ninetenth-century, historic novel, rewrite</p>
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Ceide Rodríguez, María. "El mundo cortesano de Juan II a escena." Lectura y Signo, no. 12 (February 6, 2018): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/lys.v0i12.5316.
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<p>El presente trabajo centra su atención en Los cortesanos de don Juan II, obra del escritor vallisoletano Jerónimo Morán. Este drama histórico, estrenado en 1838 como respuesta contraria del autor a la guerra carlista que en ese momento se libra en España, toma como argumento literario los entresijos palaciegos que en 1453 vive la corte del rey Juan II de Castilla. Para transmitir su rechazo a las formas de gobierno vinculadas al Antiguo Régimen, Morán se sirve teatralmente de una extensa nómina de personajes, a menudo con un referente histórico reconocido, a través de los cuales trata de adoctrinar al público decimonónico en la necesidad de cuestionar determinadas actitudes políticas y de reflexionar acerca del infortunio que conlleva el ansia irracional de poder.</p><p><br /><br />The present work concentrates its attention on Los cortesanos de don Juan II, work of the writer Jerónimo<br />Morán. This historical drama, premiered in 1838 as the author’s opposite response to the Carlist war<br />that is currently being fought in Spain, takes as a literary argument the palatial insights that in 1453 the<br />court of King Juan II of Castilla is living. In order to express the rejection of the forms of government<br />linked to the Old Regime, Morán uses a dyeing of an extensive list of characters, often with a recognized<br />historical reference, through which he tries to indoctrinate the nineteenth-century public in the need<br />to question certain political attitudes and to reflect on the misfortune that accompanied the irrational<br />craving for power.<br /><br /></p>