Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Elaboration des couches minces'
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Oueldna, Nouredine. "Elaboration des couches minces thermoélectriques : expérience et modélisation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0628.
Full textThe goal of the present study is to participate to the development of new thermoelectric nanomaterials (TE) compatible with the CMOS technology, allowing integrated components able to use lost thermal energy in integrated circuits to power microelectronic devices to be developed. Unlike bismuth and tellurium based materials, the compound α MgAgSb is made of nontoxic and abundant elements. The TE properties of bulk α MgAgSb, especially at room temperature, were shown to be very promising for TE applications. The goal of this PhD work is to investigate the possibility of producing α thin films using magnetron sputtering deposition technique. The influence of the elaboration method on the Mg-Ag-Sb phase transitions in thin films as well as on the film microstructure is investigated in relation with the film TE properties. The results show that the use of an alloyed target (Mg1/3Ag1/3Sb1/3) does not allow a homogeneous α film to be produced. The formation of the phase α is always accompanied with the formation of the secondary phases Ag3Sb and Sb that deteriorate the film TE properties. However, it is possible to suppress the formation of Ag3Sb by co sputtering three pure targets Mg, Ag, and Sb, using optimized sputtering conditions. This study shows that the proportion of the different phases in the films strongly affects the effective Seebeck coefficient (S) of the films. However, the contribution of the interfaces between the nanometric grains of these phases on S is negligible. Contrasting with the general assumption, our in situ observations indicate that the phase transitions are not allotropic. These three phases have different compositions and are non stoichiometric
Bourdet, Perrine. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces d'oxyde de titane." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX11052.
Full textCallard, Anne-Ségolène. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches diélectriques pour l'optique." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1996. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1653_ascallard.pdf.
Full textCaune, Sylvie. "Elaboration et caractérisation de films minces de tri et pentatellurures de zirconium." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX22009.
Full textSoares-Carvalho, Fernanda. "Elaboration de couches minces ferroélectriques de titanate de bismuth Bi4Ti3O12." Limoges, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIMOA001.
Full textKARMED, HOCINE. "Elaboration et caracterisation de couches minces de siliciures de tungstene." Nantes, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NANT2023.
Full textBenayoun, Stéphane. "Elaboration de couches minces supraconductrices de ybacuo par pulverisation ionique." Poitiers, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992POIT2307.
Full textMallouky, Aly. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces de MoSe2 semi-conducteur." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37607661x.
Full textBibes, Manuel. "Elaboration et étude de couches minces de manganites à valence mixte." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005931.
Full text1. Le plus gros effort experimental a consisté à mettre au point et automatiser un bâti de croissance de couches minces par pulvérisation cathodique. Ce système comprend une chambre à vide dont l'atmosphère est contrôlée par deux pompes, des électrovannes et des fluxomètres. Les différentes éléments (chaufferettes porte-substrats, magnétrons, etc) sont pilotés par un ordinateur de sorte que la croissance de couches et d'hétérostructures est entièrement automatisée.
2. La seconde partie du travail a concerné l'étude et l'optimisation des conditions de croissance de couches minces nanométriques de La2/3Ca1/3MnO3. L'influence des différents paramètres de croissance (température, vitesse de dépôt, etc) sur les propriétés du matériau ont été étudiées de façon exhaustive afin de maîtriser la croissance de couches de haute qualité avec une bonne reproductibilité.
3. La majeure partie du travail a consisté à étudier l'influence des interfaces sur les propriétés physiques de couches minces de manganite. L'interaction responsable du ferromagnétisme de ces matériaux est très sensible aux distorsions structurales ce qui, combiné à la forte polarisation de spin des porteurs, donne lieu à une forte magnétorésistance à champ faible dans des poudres nanométriques (contenant une grande densité de joints de grains). Cette forte polarisation de spin conduit aussi à l'observation de forts effets magnétorésistifs dans des jonctions tunnel à base de manganites. Dans ce cadre, notre contribution consiste à étudier plusieurs types d'interfaces (joints de grains d'orientation contrôlée dans des couches texturées, défauts générés par irradiation laser, jonctions bicristallines) et a corréler les propriétés magnétiques et de magnétotransport avec les caractéristiques structurales. L'influence de l'interface avec le substrat isolant (SrTiO3, LaAlO3, NdGaO3) a également été étudiée via la dépendence en épaisseur (2.4 - 180 nm) des propriétés de couches minces totalement contraintes. Parmi les effets les plus marquants, on observe une forte diminution de la Tc et une aumgentation de la résistivité lorsque l'épaisseur diminue. Nous avons montré que cela résulte d'une séparation de phase entre des régions nanométriques ferromagnétiques-métalliques, ferromagnétiques-isolantes et non-ferromagnétiques-isolantes présentes à l'interface couche-substrat. Par ailleurs, nous avons également effectué des mesures de magnétorésistane anisotrope et d'effet Hall extraordinaire. L'amplitude de ces deux effects a été comparée et interprétée en fonction du couplage spin-orbite et des propriétés électroniques près de Tc.
Cardin, Julien. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces ferroélectriques pour des applications optiques." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00090784.
Full textBrousse, Thierry. "Elaboration et caracterisation de couches serigraphiees et de couches minces supraconductrices a haute temperature critique." Caen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CAEN2024.
Full textGatel, Christophe. "Elaboration et étude d'un système hybride Oxyde ferrimagnétique / Métal non magnétique / Oxyde ferrimagnétique." Toulouse, INSA, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ISAT0035.
Full textThis work is a contribution to the active research on new magnetic and electric properties of artificial heterostructures. Ferrimagnetic oxide / non magnetic metal / ferrimagnetic oxide systems have been deposited. In these systems, electrons are confined in the 2D metal layer and many electron reflections occur at the metal/magnetic insulator. Two different magnetisation alignments of the magnetic oxides (parallel and antiparallel) are required to obtain suitable magnetic properties, ie giant magnetoresistance (GMR). The growth control and the flatness of the different layers are needed to deposit epitaxial layers, in which electron scattering at grain boundaries is limited. Films are deposited by sputtering in a UHV chamber, structural studies have been made using mainly transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. An epitaxial growth of single Fe3O4 and CoFe2O4 films has been obtained on Al2O3(0001) with a [111] growth axis and on MgO(001) with a [001] growth axis. We have also studied magnetic properties (exchange anisotropy) of epitaxial Fe3O4(x nm)/NiO(66 nm) bilayers , x varying from 5nm to 50nm, grown along a [111] and a [001] axis. Non oxydable metal growth (Pt, Au and Ag) on (001) et (111) Fe3O4 crystals has also been investigated. We have achieved epitaxial growth of Fe3O4 / M(Au, Pt) / CoFe2O4 layers on Al2O3(0001) with flat interfaces and suitable magnetic properties. Electric investigations have shown that the electrons are confined in the metallic layer. We have measured a 1. 8% GMR ratio at 10K resulting from electron reflections at the metal/oxide interfaces with a large part of specular reflexions
Guimard, Denis. "Elaboration de cellules photovoltaïques à base de diséléniure de cuivre et d'indium électrodéposé." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066419.
Full textDelsol, Benjamin. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces supraconductrices épitaxiées de rhénium sur saphir." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GRENI015/document.
Full textIn electronic devices, it is expected that the quantum limit will soon be reached with decreasing system size. Therefore, manipulating quantum information appears as a new challenge. Solid state Qubits based on superconducting Josephson junction are promising systems which take advantage of microelectronics technology. However, decoherence time of the quantum states is still a limiting factor. This has been generally ascribed to the poor crystallographic quality of the materials used so far (crystallographic defects, impurities). The Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) technique may be used to grow rhenium (Re) films of high quality on sapphire substrates in an Ultra High Vacuum (UHV) environment. So far, the misfit between Re and sapphire is low enough to permit the growth of a single crystal aluminium oxide thin film on top of the Re layer. In order to improve the crystallographic quality of the Re film, some simulations and several characterizations techniques have been used. Then, the superconducting properties of rhenium films have been studied at Ultra Low Temperature in order to compare with their crystallographic qualities
Mallouky, Aly. "Elaboration et caracterisation de couches minces du diseleniure de molybdene semi-conducteur." Nantes, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NANT2012.
Full textGiroud, Franck. "Elaboration et études des propriétés de transport de couches minces quasicristallines AlCuFe." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10251.
Full textNinova, Kuznetsova Iva. "Elaboration par procédé sol-gel de couches minces de TiO2 nanostructuré- Caractérisations structurale et optique." Paris 13, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA132002.
Full textThis work is devoted to the elaboration and characterization of thin nanometric TiO2 films by sol-gel process. Two approaches in preparation of sols have been realized : without additives abd with additives, that modify the titanium dioxyde precursor. The first approach is realized using titanium isopropoxyde (TTIP) as precursor in alcoholic solution with water and acid. The coresponding films(30-210 nm) are deposited by spin-coating and treated at 350-550 °C. They show high transparency in the visible (90%) and refraction index 2 suitable for antireflective application. The second approach is realized using two precursor, TiCl4 and TTIP, in alcoholic solutions with water and acid. Complexing agent 'diethylaminoethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, oxalic or citric acids), polymers(diethylaminoethyl cellulose and polyethylene glycol) and surfactants were used as additives. Thin films of different polymorphs were realized : anatase, rarely observed TiO2(B), preferentially oriented brookite. This work shows an influence of synthesis parameters of sol-gel derived TiO2 thin films on crystalline structure, morphology, and useful properties (optical, electrical)
Chen, Yuan. "Elaboration de films minces thermoélectriques par dépôt électrochimique en couches atomiques (EC-ALE)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4342.
Full textAn electrochemical atomic layer epitaxy (EC-ALE) experiment platform was designed and constructed in this thesis, and this platform was proved to be qualified for EC-ALE experiments.Benefiting from the flexibility of the EC-ALE equipment, a new viewpoint about the UPD behavior of cobalt on the gold substrate has been put forward in this work. The results also show that the subsequent alternate deposition of Co and Sb monolayers is feasible.For the first time the electrodeposition of Sb2Se3 thin films by EC-ALE method on polycrystalline Au electrodes has been obtained and investigated. The deposition parameters were determined and the deposit was characterized by SEM and Raman analysis.The irreversible adsorption and reversible UPD behaviour of Sb on Pt electrode have also been studied. The results show that after the irreversibly adsorbed SbO+ species are reduced to metallic Sb, Sb atoms can be further deposited onto this Sb-modified Pt electrode in the way of UPD to increase the coverage of Sb on the Pt substrate
Ben, Yahia Sana. "Elaboration de couches minces de ZnO par procédé sol-gel pour applications optoélectroniques." Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA132035.
Full textZnO films with preferred orientation along the (002) plane were successfully deposited by a sol-gel method using Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O as starting material and inorganic precursor. A homogeneous and stable solution was prepared by dissolving the zinc acetate in a solution of ethanol and monoethanolamine. Thin films are obtained by spin-coating on glass or quartz substrates. ZnO films were obtained by preheating the spin-coated films at temperatures of 300°C for 10 min after each coating and postheating at temperatures of 550°C for 2 h. The as-deposited films are transformed into mono-oriented ZnO upon thermal treatment. The films consist of spongy particles aggregates with a uniform size and homogenous surface. The films aims to be used for optoelectronic devices. The first part of the thesis was to establish the process of films elaboration. The conclusion of this part led to privilege the elaboration of films from deposit solutions with 0. 75M as precursor concentrations in ethanol. On the other hand the best compromise between deposit solution stability and films growth kinetics is given by a concentration in monoethanolamine (MEA), introduced before reflux into the solution, having the molar rate [MEA]/[Zn2+] = 2. The study Raman of the deposit solution proves that, in these conditions, Zn-O bond forms first of all in solution and we can admit that these entities play the role of germs initiating the crystallization mechanisms during films annealing. The second part of the thesis concerns the determination of the films morphological properties and particularly the parameters which govern the structure of ZnO film according to the layers number. We estimate, according to the concentration of the deposit solution, the evolution of the successive layers morphology and the effect on optical properties. Observations by MEB and measures of diffraction show the existence, for a given concentration, of a critical layers number, after which film becomes dense and granular. Results show that, for the concentration 0,75M, the critical number of layers is 3. In fact the concentration of the deposit solution plays a crucial role, since it controls the viscosity of the gel during the crystallization of the film. Below these critical values, films are amorphous and do not present granular structure. Finally, Raman investigation reveals the presence of compression stress within the film structure. We showed that with this synthesis process, we can obtain homogeneous, crystallized thin films, c axis preferentially oriented and with a thickness of about 50nm by layer. Thickness has a linear increase versus layers number. In the third part, Al3+ doping effect was investigated. The main observed effect is a light decrease in particles size on films surface for concentrations of deposit solutions. This can be explained by an improvement of films homogeneity structure. The best performances are reached for the atomic doping rate 1 % Al 3+. The characteristics of the films laser emission are close to those measured on films obtained by ablation laser. The threshold of stimulated emission of ZnO films 300-400 kW/cm ² show the possible use of these films in blue emission devices. However, the llaser shift with the increase of the optical pumping energy, presents a very surprising effect, ever observed before. We note that the optical efficiency LQY has the same behaviour as the fluorescence versus to layers number
VIRET, MICHEL. "Elaboration de couches minces supraconductrices bisrcacuo et etude de leurs proprietes de transport." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066361.
Full textHOUSSSEINI, TEHERANT FERECHTEH. "Optimisation et elaboration de couches minces supraconductrices : application a la detection infra-rouge." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112199.
Full textAWITOR, KOMLA DZOGBENYUE. "Elaboration, caracterisation et etude des proprietes electriques de couches minces de germanates alcalins." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CLF21230.
Full textLacroix, Etienne. "Elaboration de couches minces d'hexaferrite par pulvérisation cathodique pour application en magnéto-optique." Grenoble 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE10140.
Full textVermeulen, Jean-Luc. "Elaboration par pulvérisation ionique et caractérisation de couches minces ferromagnétiques à forte perméabilité." Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10071.
Full textRoumiantseva, Babakina Marina. "Elaboration et caractérisation des couches minces SnO2(Cu,Ni) pour la détection gazeuse." Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0178.
Full textMarch, Grégory. "Elaboration de couches ultra-minces électroactives pour la transduction directe de l'hybridation d'oligonucléotides." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077237.
Full textMy Phd works consist in developing DNA biosensors that allow direct (reagentless and label-free) electrochemical detection of hybridization. We have developed an original approach based on the use of immobilized redox probes, very sensitive to their physicochemical environment : Juglone derivatives as electrochemical transducers. First, we have realised self-assembled monolayer based on a Juglone thiol derivative. This System is very selective (single polymorphism segregation) and sensitive (~ 300 pM). Moreover these Systems show a signal-on detection that is to say an increase of signal after hybridization. To understand the transduction mechanism, the electron transfer kinetic was also analysed under the scope of coupled electron and proton transfer formalism. Using the Butler- Volmer approximation, we show that the redox kinetic is determined by a non-electronic step for pH above 7. The possibility of the reduced JUGthio to create hydrogen bounds at pH above 7 and the fact that these hydrogen bounds have to be disrupted during the reoxidation seem to play a critical role in the rate limiting step. So, direct transduction could be obtained thanks to the conformationnal change occurring during hybridization with the transformation of DNA from single strand to double strands. Indeed, with the high degree of freedom of the single strand, strong hydrogen interactions between single stranded DNA and JUGthio could be considered. After complementary target addition, these interactions disappear due to the formation of the double stranded DNA and the charge transfer kinetic of the transducer JUGthio is modified. Then, we were concerned with ultra-thin mixed films of Juglone derivatives and 4- aminobenzoic acid, obtained by electrochemical reduction of the corresponding diazonium salts, to build a new biosensitive interface for DNA detection. This System is efficient in the way that it can discriminate complementary and random targets. It also presents a signal-on detection. Last part of my work deals with the transposition of this method of transduction to the detection of other bio-analytes, especially with the realisation of immunosensors (ovalbumin/anti-ovalbumin)
Matei, Ghimbeu Camelia. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches mince d'oxydes métalliques pour la détection de gaz polluants atmosphériques." Thesis, Metz, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007METZ050S/document.
Full textThe demand of simple, small, low cost and performing gas sensors for the detection of pollutant gases is of great interest taking into consideration the health and environmental problems. For this purpose we decided to develop thin films of metal oxide semiconductors which present a good affinity to many pollutant gases, but, which, however present a problem of cross-sensitivity and, additionally, which must work at elevated temperatures. These thin films (SnO2, Cu-doped SnO2, WO3, In2O3, Sn-doped In2O3 and ZnO) have been deposited on Pt- partially coated alumina using a novel innovative technique, i.e., Electrostatic Spray Deposition allowing easy deposition parameter (temperature, flow rate, time etc.) variation. Homogeneous, nano-structured films with desired porous morphology have been obtained as revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy techniques. The microstructure studied using Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, X-ray Diffraction respectively Raman spectroscopy methods showed that we have successfully obtained the desired crystallinity and a good purity of the films for gas sensor use. The sensing performance of the films to different oxidizing and reducing pollutant gases (H2S, SO2 and NO2) has been yet evaluated. From all the studied films, the 1% Cu-doped SnO2 ones proves to be the most sensitive for the detection of H2S at low operating temperatures and furthermore present no cross-sensitivity for the two other gases. WO3 films presents the highest sensitivity to NO2 at 150°C compared with all the other composition films, but unfortunately the NO2 response interferes with the H2S response. To avoid this ambiguity, we can use ZnO films, which present a very high sensitivity to NO2 compared to SO2 and H2S response. Additionally, all the films were almost insensitive to SO2. On the base of these results we can propose the conception of a competitive miniaturized sensor array dedicated to detect and to quantify a H2S/NO2 mixture
Gerri-Peray, Mireille. "Elaboration et caractérisation de films minces d'oxide supraconducteur (YBaCuO) et étude résolue temporellement du processus d'ablation laser." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX22023.
Full textQuenardel, Antoine. "Elaboration de revêtements nanocomposites par PVD de type HiPIMS pour des applications de barrières environnementales (anti-érosion en particulier)." Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=e53ef35c-ba36-4e56-a6e7-1054f17f2c18.
Full textThe compressor blades of helicopter turbojets are subject to erosion due to the presence of solid particles in the air environments. This erosion is responsible for considerable loss of performance of the aircrafts as well as excessive fuel consumption. A solution adopted to solve the problem posed by the degradation of the mechanical elements of the engines is their coating with thin films deposited using PVD techniques This study focuses on the comparison of coatings deposited by cathodic arc, usually used for such applications, and HiPIMS. Two types of layer’s structures have been developed using these two technologies, TiAlN monolayers and Ti-TiAlN and TiAl- TiAlN multilayers. The influence of yttrium on the properties of a TiAl-TiAlYN multilayer has also been observed. Chemical (XRD, EDX), morphological (SEM) and mechanical (micro-hardness, stress, adhesion) properties of the coatings have been studied before subjecting them to an erosion test using alumina particles developed for the study. A comparison with an erosion test using quartz particles helped to highlight the evolution of the behavior of coatings according to the erosive media. Finally, we subjected the coatings to water erosion
Capon, Fabien. "Elaboration en couches minces et caractérisations de matériaux de type RNIO3 pour applications thermochromes." Le Mans, 2003. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2003/2003LEMA1002.pdf.
Full textChoukou-Azaiez, Chiraz. "Elaboration, caractérisation et étude photoélectrochimique de sélénure de tungstène monocristallin et en couches minces." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10520.
Full textOndo, Ndong Roger. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces piézoélectriques de ZnO obtenues par pulvérisation RF magnétron." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20007.
Full textQuéré, Yves. "Elaboration de couches minces de chalcogenures ternaires a clusters de molybdene par pulverisation cathodique." Rennes 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN10099.
Full textLippert, Marc. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces piezoélectriques d'oxyde de zinc obtenues par pulvérisation cathodique." Valenciennes, 1999. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/6a235e1a-0eaf-4bd6-a862-aafdf1dd7913.
Full textThe study focuses on the elaboration and the characterization of thin layers of zinc oxide (ZnO) obtained by a cathodic radiofrequency magnetron sputtering. These layers are analyzed by classic characterization techniques of materials : the diffraction of rays X and the scanning electronic microscope. These thin films present two preferential orientations following the osition in the face of the target and under some conditions of deposit : a layer well textured where the c-axis is perpendicular to the surface of the substrate and a layer that possesses a -axis parallel to the plan of the substrate and this orientation is (110). These films are then analyzed to determine their piezoelectric properties. Two other methods have been developed :a method of measure of the transit time of ultrasound waves generated in the transducer if the layer is piezoelectric. This method permits to determine also its vibration mode. The other ethod is devoted to the direct determination of the electromechanical coupling coefficient by the measure of the electrical impedance of this same transducer. This last method have been ested on transducers using a crystal of lithium niobate (LiNbO3) bonded by indium metallic diffusion and we have permitted to find a coupling coefficient superior to 95% of the theoretical value. Thin layers of ZnO realized, presented the particularity to generate transverse waves , with a coupling coefficient approaching 45% of the theoretical value of the massive material
Quéré, Yves. "Elaboration de couches minces de chalcogénures ternaires à clusters du molybdène par pulvérisation cathodique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608947f.
Full textAzaiez-Choukou, Chiraz. "Elaboration, caractérisation et étude photoélectrochimique de séléniure de tungstène monocristallin et en couches minces." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611468j.
Full textGilles, Sandra. "Elaboration de couches minces de (Ti,Al)N par OMCVD : étude thermodynamique et expérimentale." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0155.
Full textJean, Florian. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces et d'objets nanométriques de pérovskite sans plomb Na0,5Bi0,5TiO3." Limoges, 2013. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/db1bf760-c4fb-4369-87a9-39d5b07e7dbb/blobholder:0/2013LIMO4053.pdf.
Full textThe present work is devoted to the synthesis and the characterization of the lead-free Na0. 5Bi0. 5TiO3 (NBT) material by different techniques in the form of thin films and nano-objects supported or not. In a first step, NBT thin films were elaborated by pulsed laser deposition on different single crystal oxide substrates in order to reach the epitaxial growth. The effect of the insertion of a CeO2 buffer layer on the growth of the films was studied. The electrical properties (ferroelectric, dielectric, tunability in the microwave regime) were measured on epitaxial NBT thin films doped or not and deposited on LaAlO3 bare substrate and SrTiO3 substrate coated with an oxide electrode of LaNiO3. In a second step, NBT nano-objects were elaborated by different chemical routes. The sol-gel, hydrothermal and hybrid synthesis allowed the formation of the perovskite phase of NBT. For each route, different parameters influencing the structure or the form of the nano-objects were studied. A physical route, the laser ablation in a liquid media, has also been explored. Finally, NBT nano-objects were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition and by chemical solution deposition on single crystal substrates coated or not with a platinum electrode. The use of bare vicinal c-sapphire substrates combined with the physical route allows the self-organization of the objects at the surface of the substrate. The local electrical properties were measured by PFM for isolated grains, highlighting their polar nature
Matei, Ghimbeu Camelia. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches mince d'oxydes métalliques pour la détection de gaz polluants atmosphériques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Metz, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007METZ050S.
Full textThe demand of simple, small, low cost and performing gas sensors for the detection of pollutant gases is of great interest taking into consideration the health and environmental problems. For this purpose we decided to develop thin films of metal oxide semiconductors which present a good affinity to many pollutant gases, but, which, however present a problem of cross-sensitivity and, additionally, which must work at elevated temperatures. These thin films (SnO2, Cu-doped SnO2, WO3, In2O3, Sn-doped In2O3 and ZnO) have been deposited on Pt- partially coated alumina using a novel innovative technique, i.e., Electrostatic Spray Deposition allowing easy deposition parameter (temperature, flow rate, time etc.) variation. Homogeneous, nano-structured films with desired porous morphology have been obtained as revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy techniques. The microstructure studied using Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, X-ray Diffraction respectively Raman spectroscopy methods showed that we have successfully obtained the desired crystallinity and a good purity of the films for gas sensor use. The sensing performance of the films to different oxidizing and reducing pollutant gases (H2S, SO2 and NO2) has been yet evaluated. From all the studied films, the 1% Cu-doped SnO2 ones proves to be the most sensitive for the detection of H2S at low operating temperatures and furthermore present no cross-sensitivity for the two other gases. WO3 films presents the highest sensitivity to NO2 at 150°C compared with all the other composition films, but unfortunately the NO2 response interferes with the H2S response. To avoid this ambiguity, we can use ZnO films, which present a very high sensitivity to NO2 compared to SO2 and H2S response. Additionally, all the films were almost insensitive to SO2. On the base of these results we can propose the conception of a competitive miniaturized sensor array dedicated to detect and to quantify a H2S/NO2 mixture
Cellier, François. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces de zircone stabilisée ZrO2-Y2O3 obtenues par pyrolyse d'un aérosol généré par ultrasons : étude de la faisabilité d'un microcapteur à oxygène." Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPG0096.
Full textLe, Rhun Gwénaël. "Elaboration par pulvérisation cathodique et caractérisations électriques de films minces de PZT." Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN2030.
Full textValerianova, Michaela. "Elaboration et propriétés de films minces à base de mercure supraconducteurs de très haute température critique et leurs applications possibles à la cryoélectronic." Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10140.
Full textThe Hg-based superconductors are materials with the highest critical temperatures from all known superconductors. Their application as the devices for the everyday use is, however, limited due to the difficulties in their fabrication. The optimization of the preparation methods will open large possibilities for the cryoelectronic applications. Within the frame of my dissertation thesis we tried to optimize the parameters of the synthesis of the thin Hg-based films. The development of the non-contact method for the mercuration of the thin films confirmed the film formation via Hg vapour phase which will enable the development of the devices for the mercuration of the larger samples (few cm). The lift-off method used for the patterning of the precursor films prevents the water contamination of the films and thus their degradation. The non-contact mercuration also enabled the fabrication of the Hg-based superconducting structures with the minimal risk of the short-circuits between the single parts of the structure. The formation of the Hg-1223 decreased the amount of the impurities on the top of the films which will enable the fabrication of the sandwich planar Josephson junctions, too. The prepared coplanar structures are suitable for the use in the ultra-fast detectors. The structures containing microbridges can serve for the study of the superconductivity in the micro- and submicro- scale and for the fabrication of the Josephson junctions of such dimensions. The model structure of the superconducting fault-current limiter was the first step for the fabrication of the real limiter structure and will be used for the study of the superconducting properties on this type of the structure. The use of the sapphire substrate allows the application of the Hg-based superconducting structures also for the microwave devices. All the structures had high values of the critical temperatures (up to 110 K for the coplanar strips and microbridges, up to 120 K for the limiter model structures) which provide the stability of the superconducting properties and parameters (coherent length, energy gap, etc. ) at the working temperature of the superconductor (77 K)
Loir, A. S. "Elaboration de couches minces de carbone par ablation laser femtoseconde pour application aux biomatériaux implantables." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005448.
Full textDe, Mello Borges Carlos Fernando. "Elaboration de couches minces de diamant à partir d'un plasma d'onde de surface non conventionnel." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21451.pdf.
Full textYarhzou, Lahsen. "Elaboration et caractérisation des matériaux photovoltai͏̈ques CuGa(Se,Te)2 massifs et en couches minces." Perpignan, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PERP0158.
Full textLE, MEUR YANN. "Elaboration de couches minces de silicium et de silicium-germanium par pulverisation ionique et caracterisation." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112164.
Full textZaouk, Doumit. "Elaboration et caractérisation des couches minces d'oxyde d'étain par pulvérisation électrostatique et pyrolytique : Applications optoélectroniques." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20134.
Full textYebdri, Djamila. "Elaboration et etude d'un nouveau materiau pour l'electroluminescence en couches minces : le sulfure de calcium." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066606.
Full textPennaneac'h, Delphine. "Elaboration de couches minces de PZT : influence du procédé sur les propriétés physiques et structurales." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DENS0021.
Full textSchoenstein, Frédéric. "Elaboration et caractérisation de composites à base de couches minces ferromagnétiques pour les applications hyperfréquences." Orléans, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ORLE2021.
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