Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Elaboration of substrates'
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Pelati, Daniel. "Elaboration of GaAs solar cells based on textured substrates on glass." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2019SORUS456.pdf.
Full textThe increasing demand for clean energy has driven research toward higher efficiency and lower cost solar cells. Gallium arsenide solar cells detain the record efficiency for single junction devices but the high cost of the substrate limits their applications. In this work, we investigate an alternative GaAs substrate based on a low cost silica support coated by a thin (20 nm) Germanium layer. This layer is nearly lattice-matched to GaAs and can be crystallized with a high (111) texture using Metal Induced Crystallization (MIC). However, this requires a careful optimization of the deposition and annealing parameters. Here, we use a specially designed in situ optical microscope to optimize the annealing sequence. In particular, we identified two crystallization pathways, of which one should be minimized to obtain a good (111) crystalline texture. We then perform the heteroepitaxy of GaAs on this Ge seed layer using Molecular Beam Epitaxy, keeping the initial (111) crystal texture. We identify specific growth conditions for the twin- and defect-free growth of GaAs on Ge(111) surfaces. We also observe the growth of GaAs adopting the (111)A polarity on Ge (111) rather than the expected (111)B orientation. Finally, we fabricate (111)-oriented GaAs solar cells with 15,9% efficiency on a monocrystalline GaAs(111)B substrate. The transfer to standard Ge(111) monocrystalline wafers and to our Ge-coated silica pseudo-substrates reveals doping issues related to the (111)A orientation of the GaAs, as well as surface roughening due to grain boundaries in the initial Ge seed layer
Pugliara, Alessandro. "Elaboration of nanocomposites based on Ag nanoparticles embedded in dielectrics for controlled bactericide properties." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30324/document.
Full textSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) because of their strong biocide activity are widely used in health-care sector, food industry and various consumer products. Their huge surface-volume ratio enhances the silver release compared to the bulk material, leading to an increased toxicity for microorganisms sensitive to this element. This work presents an assessment of the biocide properties on algal photosynthesis of small (<20 nm) AgNPs embedded in silica layers. Two physical approaches were used to elaborate these nanocomposites: (i) low energy ion beam synthesis and (ii) combined silver sputtering and plasma polymerization. These techniques allow elaboration of a single layer of AgNPs embedded in silica films at defined nanometer distances (from 0 to 7 nm) beneath the free surface. The structural and optical properties of the nanocomposites were studied by transmission electron microscopy, reflectance spectroscopy and ellipsometry. This last technique, coupled to modelling based on the quasi-static approximation of the classical Maxwell-Garnett formalism, allowed detection of small variations over the size and density of the embedded AgNPs. The silver release from the nanostructures after immersion in buffered water was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The short-term toxicity of Ag to the photosynthesis of green algae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, was assessed by fluorometry. Embedding AgNPs reduces their interactions with the buffered water, protecting the AgNPs from fast oxidation. The release of bio-available silver (impacting on the algal photosynthesis) is controlled by the depth at which AgNPs are located for the given host silica matrix. This provides a procedure to tailor the biocide effect of nanocomposites containing AgNPs. By coupling the controlled antimicrobial properties of the embedded AgNPs and their quality as plasmonic antenna, these coatings can be used to detect and prevent the first stages of biofilm formation. Hence, the last part of this work is dedicated to a study of the structural stability and adsorption properties of Discosoma recombinant red (DsRed) fluorescent proteins deposited on these dielectric surfaces with perspectives of development of SERS devices
Rue, Marie. "Hyperaccumulation du nickel sur des substrats élaborés pour l’agromine." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0124/document.
Full textIn view of the depletion of primary resources and the increase in global waste production, the concept of agromining proposes phytoextracting the metals contained in abandoned materials. The solution proposed in this concept is inspired by Nature (NbS) and the principles of agronomy and is part of a circular economy. Thus, hyperaccumulator plants (HA) are able to collect metals from their root system and to store them at high concentrations in their aerial parts. The challenges of the thesis are to give value to waste or secondary materials by extracting the elements of interest that they contain and to identify the plants able to develop on these media. The objective is to formulate, from the chosen materials, a functional substrate, that is to say, capable of rendering a Ni supply service. From this point of view, the substrate must allow the installation and the development of the HAs in order to transfer the metals to the aerial parts. The work focuses on an acid phosphating sludge essentially composed of Fe, Zn, P and Mn and containing 0.5% Ni. Germination and growth tests were carried out with different substrates prepared from this sludge assembled with a soil sample mixture. The retained substrate consists of 10% sludge and 90% soil (w/w). On the latter, HA Alyssum murale produces a higher biomass compared to a control soil (ultramafic soil at the same pH and containing the same amount of bioavailable Ni), despite signs of toxicity to plants. One of the major locks is the high toxicity due to the presence of 6% Zn in the sludge. Two ways of improving the substrate are tested: i) the use of amendments and ii) the arrangement of materials in the profile. The most efficient amendment is a wood biochar; it improves the development of plants and thus the amount of phytoextracted Ni. In addition, by modifying the layout of the materials within the profile by a layered distribution, biomass production and phytoextraction are improved. This device makes it possible to remove Zn-related toxicity. It is essential to control the pH of the substrate during multi-contamination because the immobilization of the metal varies according to the element. The association of soil engineering and plant engineering has made it possible to formulate a functional substrate for the recovery of elements of interest such as Ni. This work demonstrates the possibility of upgrading by-products conventionally called "waste" in order to obtain a surplus value, also reducing their metallic charge and bringing about a new source of "plant-derived" metals obtained by agromining
CHARDON, NICOLAS. "Elaboration de substrats multicouches cordierite-cuivre." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13119.
Full textDelsol, Benjamin. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces supraconductrices épitaxiées de rhénium sur saphir." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GRENI015/document.
Full textIn electronic devices, it is expected that the quantum limit will soon be reached with decreasing system size. Therefore, manipulating quantum information appears as a new challenge. Solid state Qubits based on superconducting Josephson junction are promising systems which take advantage of microelectronics technology. However, decoherence time of the quantum states is still a limiting factor. This has been generally ascribed to the poor crystallographic quality of the materials used so far (crystallographic defects, impurities). The Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) technique may be used to grow rhenium (Re) films of high quality on sapphire substrates in an Ultra High Vacuum (UHV) environment. So far, the misfit between Re and sapphire is low enough to permit the growth of a single crystal aluminium oxide thin film on top of the Re layer. In order to improve the crystallographic quality of the Re film, some simulations and several characterizations techniques have been used. Then, the superconducting properties of rhenium films have been studied at Ultra Low Temperature in order to compare with their crystallographic qualities
Lelièvre, Yves. "Elaboration de vecteurs d'ADN, substrats de gélatinases." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066150.
Full textPILORGET, GILLES. "Elaboration de nouveaux substrats en ceramique pour applications en microelectronique." Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN10137.
Full textLe, Dren Sarah Gonnard Paul Nicolas Alain. "Elaboration de couches épaisses piézoélectriques déposées sur substrats pour des applications microtechniques." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2000. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=le_dren.
Full textLe, Dren Sarah. "Elaboration de couches épaisses piézoélectriques déposées sur substrats pour des applications microtechniques." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2000ISAL0063/these.pdf.
Full textThis work talks about elaboration of PZT (Pb(ZrTi)03) piezoelectric thick films on substrate (alumina and silicium). These films could be integrated in microsystems instead of bulk polish ceramic. The technical deposit choice is screen-printing for its simplicity and because it is already overcome in industry. Each stage of the fabrication of thick films is first detailed in the bibliographic study. The experimental study is based on the optimization of: - deposit technique - ink preparation - thermal treatments After polarization, results on thick films and bulk ceramics are compared for four PZT compositions. From these results, two hypotheses are proposed to explain the weak characteristics of the thick films in comparison with bulk ceramics ones: - important porosity of thick films - films clamping on substrate Models are proposed to justify the differences of properties between films and bulk ceramics. Another experimental study is about improvement of films density by using different sintering methods. Some sintering aids are used to decrease temperature sintering and to improve films properties. The eutectic mix of PbO-PbF2 gives interesting results for all tested PZT compositions. Frequencies characterizations are carried out at: - Law frequencies using the--embedded beam method and modeling - High frequencies using a three layers model. A feasibility study of piezoelectric transformers and a SAW device is made ta justify the interest of piezoelectric thick films in micro-technical applications
Truyen, Dimitri. "Elaboration par voie sol-gel de revêtements catalytiques sur substrat métallique." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/615/.
Full textThe aim of the study was to elaborate metallic supported catalysts by sol-gel route stable at high temperature (< 700°C). Both oxydes TiO2 and Zr0. 5Ce0. 5O2 have been studied. The study was mainly to synthesize an oxyde used as support and having a high surface and a high porosity. From stable colloïdal sols, we pointed out the interest to perform nanometric particles and to stabilize TiO2 anatase phase in order to keep small size cristallized domains. The influence of a polymer has been shown to decrease the sintering phenomenon and so to increase the porosity of the oxyde. Interactions between particles in sols are of great importance because they involve particular stacking of the particles during gelification and after calcination. The interactions between particles are different according to the ionic strength and pH of the medium. In order to decrease the sintering phenomenon, alumina nanoparticles have been added and used as steric barriers between ceria-zirconia particles. We defined several systems of interactions to elaborate a porous stacking with a high surface area. Particles size and porosity analysis have been performed to suggest stacking models. Several catalysts have been prepared using Rh, Ru, Pt according to different formulations in order to obtain adherent catalytic films deposited onto stainless steel substrate. Then, catalysts have been tested for complete CO oxidation reaction and best results have been measured for Zr0. 5Ce0. 5O2 - Pt deposited catalyst
Le, Coz François Tailhades Philippe Arurault Laurent. "Elaboration et caractérisations de films anodiques hautement ordonnés, obtenus à partir de substrats d'aluminium." Toulouse (Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 3), 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/229.
Full textLe, Coz François. "Elaboration et caractérisations de films anodiques hautement ordonnés, obtenus à partir de substrats d'aluminium." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/229/.
Full textPrevious academic studies showed that highly ordered Anodic Aluminium Oxide (AAO) films can be obtained by anodizing. Nevertheless, the choice of the experimental parameters was most often empirical, and the physicochemical composition of these films at meso and nanoscopic scales was to be established. In this research work, the influences of the substrate pre-treatment steps were particularly examined, obtaining a high quality surface being essential. Then a new elaboration pathway of highly ordered AAO films was developed. Correlations between the preparation parameters and the characteristics of the elaborated templates were especially studied. Post treatments allowing separation of films from substrate, adjustment of pores diameters and removal of the barrier layer were then studied. Finally, the films compositions were extensively investigated, to identify the chemical compounds and to evaluate their contents in the different parts constituting each basic cell
Bressolles, Jean-Claude. "Elaboration et caracterisation microstructurale de couches ceramiques supraconductrices YBa2Cu3O7-x sur substrat métallique." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30177.
Full textBaudel, Virginie. "Elaboration et évaluation de dimères de β-cyclodextrine pour l'inclusion de substrats organiques à faible volume moléculaire." Littoral, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DUNK0103.
Full textThe desgin of bis-β-CDs (β-CD)2thioureido, (RAMEB)2thioureido, (β-CD)2disulfide and (RAMEB)2disulfide was based on molecular modelling, through the evaluation of cooperativity phenomenon, and were synthesised with high yields. The characterisation of their complexes (with nine hydroxylated guests) was investigated by UV-Visible spectroscopy (by means of a competition method). Complexation and cooperativity indexes were established. A docking process (molecular mechanic and Monte Carlo method) allowed the structural characterisation of the complexes. The confrontation between experimental and theoretical data permit to elaborate quantitative structural affinity relationships. The desired dimers are clearly more efficient than the corresponding monomers, even for the less bulky substrates. At last, the methylation constitutes a good choice of modification because it enhances the dimer's solubility without decreasing the inclusion ability
Fasasi, Adeniyi Yisau. "Elaboration par irradiation laser de revêtements (monophase, polyphase et composite) sur substrats base titane et base fer." Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPG0027.
Full textViazzi, Céline. "Elaboration par le procédé sol-gel de revêtements de zircone yttriée sur substrats métalliques pour l'application barrière thermique." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/586/.
Full textThe aim of this research work is to present an alternative process to conventional technologies, the sol-gel route, to fabricate thick yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings on superalloys for the thermal barrier application. The first part of the study deals with the synthesis parameters of this soft chemistry process. It is shown that the sol-gel route allows to obtain a wide range of metastable tetragonal solid solutions. Thus, the synthesis parameters to obtain, without a tempering step, the t' phase are adjusted. This metastable phase is of great interest for the thermal barrier application because of the toughening mechanism that it generates during its return to a stable state. In the second part, the fabrication of thick YSZ coatings starting from a liquid medium is exposed. The aim is to obtain a cohesive deposit on superalloys at temperatures lower than 1200°C in order to avoid any damage to the substrates. It is shown that the in situ crystallization of the alcoxyde sol has also an important influence and the sol really plays the role of `cement'. Thanks to its use with an adjusted granulometric distribution of powders, thick coatings (>50µm) are obtained, at low temperature, on substrates with quite different roughness. In addition, the microstructure of these coatings is particularly original for the thermal barrier application since it consists of a non directional arrangement of the porous network in the ceramic. Finally, the last part of the study concerns the preliminary characterizations of the working properties of the coatings. It provides useful information to improve the protocol of fabrication
SUSSIAL, MAGALI. "Films minces magnetiques a topologie modulee elaboration et proprietes des systemes co et feni sur substrats de si." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA077298.
Full textAbou, Hamad Valdemar. "Elaboration et caractérisation de contacts électriques à base de phases MAX sur SiC pour l'électronique haute température." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI079.
Full textPower applications in which the ambient temperature is high, cause the increase of temperature in electronic components. Therefore, it is important to develop electronic devices that are able to withstand high current and high-power densities. In this thesis, our objective is to lay the foundations of a new technology for the manufacture of a new generation of Ti3SiC2 MAX phase-based electrical contacts, stable, reliable and reproducible on Silicon Carbide for very high temperature applications (300 - 600ºC). To synthesize Ti3SiC2 on SiC, two elaboration methods were studied in this thesis. The first approach is a reaction method, and the second approach consists on using a Ti3SiC2 target via the Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) technique. Our goal is to develop a good quality ohmic contacts. Physico-chemical, electrical (TLM) and mechanical (W-H and RSM) characterizations were performed on the Ti3SiC2 contacts. These samples underwent a thermal aging test at 600°C for 1500 hours under Argon, in order to study the stability and reliability of the electrical contacts at high temperatures. The obtained results showed that the reliability and the chemical stability between Ti3SiC2 and SiC allowed the contacts to keep an ohmic behavior with low electrical resistivity, in addition to a good mechanical behavior, even after 1500 hours of aging at 600ºC. Furthermore, the thermomechanical simulations performed were used to determine the effects of Interfacial Thermal Resistances on the heat dissipation and the mechanical stresses exerted on a high power PN diode. In this thesis, we have shown that an ohmic contact, based on Ti3SiC2, can remain stable and reliable on a 4H-SiC substrate, in temperatures up to 600ºC
Flaig, Florence. "Elaboration of nanofibrous biomimetic scaffolds based on poly(glycerol sebacate) for cardiac tissue engineering." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAE045.
Full textCardiac tissue engineering aims to regenerate the heart. This technic relies on the use of a scaffold where the cells can proliferate. To be efficient, this scaffold should mimic mechanical and structural properties of the myocardium. In this thesis, poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) was chosen as building material. Its synthesis was studied, showing which parameters should be controlled in order to get the expected properties. In particular, mechanical properties fitting cardiac muscle’s ones can be obtained. Electrospinning was chosen as process method. This method allows the fabrication of nanofibrous mats mimicking biological tissues structure. As PGS processing is difficult because it is insoluble, it was electrospun at the prepolymer state, blended with another polymer. In this way, cardiac patches composed of poly(lactic acid) and PGS were fabricated. Furthermore, PGS was blended with polyvinylpyrrolidone and cyclodextrin to prepare elastomeric membranes with mechanical properties adapted to the heart. Finally, PGS was used in particles in order to organize PLA fibers deposits into structures able to improve cells and tissues development
Issaoui, Riadh. "Elaboration de films épais de diamant monocristallin dopé au bore par MPAVCD pour la réalisation de substrats de diamant P +." Paris 13, 2011. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/edgalilee_th_2011_issaoui.pdf.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is the synthesis of thick films (> 100 microns) of monocrystalline diamond heavily doped with boron for the manufacture of diamond substrates and the development of vertical components for applications in power electronics. At first, the effect of different growth parameters was studied. It was thus demonstrated the existence of a window of DPMO (characterized by the pressure torque / power) which ensures a good compromise between quality, speed of growth and doping efficiency per-putting film growth several hundred micrometers. Then, to ensure proper control of the final morphology of the crystals, a 3D geometric model of growth developed in the laboratory, together with growth experiments in a plasma H2/CH4/B2H6 showed that the conditions determined previously resulted systematically the appearance of undesirable side (110) leading to the breakdown of the crystal. The addition of small amounts of oxygen in the discharge allowed to prohibit the formation of these side reactions and to maintain the integrity of the crystal, a prerequisite for the development of substrates for the realization of electronic components vertical. Finally, CVD substrates at various concentrations were fabricated and characterized by SIMS, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction resolution. This study has shown the excellent crystalline quality of the films includ-ing for the highest doping (> 1020 cm-3 boron). Electrical resistivity measurements have also shown that most doped substrates have sufficiently low resistance-able to be used as a substrate for power electronics components
Brigouleix, Catherine. "Elaboration et étude de couches minces électrochromes déposées par pulvérisation cathodique. Mise en oeuvre de démonstrateurs sur substrat flexible." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005358.
Full textBrigouleix, Catherine. "Elaboration et étude de couches minces électrochromes déposées par pulvérisation cathodique : mise en œuvre de démonstrateurs sur substrat flexible." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12648.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to study flexible electrochromic devices. They can modulate their visible and near infra-red transmittance under polarization. They are constituted of a stack of thin layers : i. ) an electrochromic active layer based on nanocrystaline WO3, coloured under cathodic bias, ii. ) a lithium-ion conducting electrolyte which can be based either on photopolymerizable organic constituents, or on an inorganic film (LiPON), iii. ) an ion storage counter electrode, which can be either an anodic colouring material such as nanocrystalline ''LixNi0. 5O'', or an optically passive oxide such as nanocristalline lamellar ''V2O5/TiO2''. This set of layers is sandwiched between two transparent conductive electrodes deposited on polyethyleneterephtalate flexible substrates. Electrochromic layers and inorganic electrolyte were deposited by cathodic sputtering. Correlation between deposition parameters, electrochromic properties and structural properties were established
Ferhat, Marhoun. "Elaboration, optimisation et caractérisation de couches minces de matériau thermoélectrique Bi2Te3 sur différents substrats. Application à la réalisation d'un capteur de pression." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20100.
Full textGUERRET, PIECOURT CHRISTELLE. "Conception et elaboration comparee de structures iii-v (111) piezo-electriques epitaxiees par jets moleculaires, sur substrats nominaux et vicinaux, en vue de leur application pour l'optoelectronique." Toulouse 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU30068.
Full textLEGOIS, VINCENT. "Elaboration de couches minces et mecanismes d'adhesion sur substrats organiques. Cas du cuivre pulverise sur polymere tentative de depots adherents de y/y2o3 sur fibres de carbone." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112222.
Full textZouari, Sahar. "Elaboration et caractérisation mécanique et physico-chimique des revêtements déposés sur des substrats en laiton par les techniques de projection thermique et pulvérisation pneumatique pour application d'industrie sanitaire." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCA019.
Full textBrass alloys are used in many applications, especially in the sanitary industrial application. In this field, the brass is coated with an electroplated chromium layer. However, the electroplating technique is achieved by means of solutions in which the chromium is in the six oxidation state. At this degree of oxidation, chromium is toxic and has the reputation of being carcinogenic. In this context, the main objective of this work is to develop functional coatings on brass substrates using new techniques namely thermal and pneumatic spraying techniques. The mechanical and physical-chemical properties are studied in order to evaluate the performances of these coatings and the potency of their use in the sanitary industrial field
GUILHON, BLANC BEATRICE. "Elaboration et caracterisation de couches minces de yba#2cu#3o#7##. Mecanismes de croissance de films orientes avec l'axe a perpendicaulaire au plan du substrat." Caen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CAEN2049.
Full textPERRIN, GERALDINE. "Elaboration par pvd et caracterisation de couches minces ferromagnetiques sur film souple pour des applications hyperfrequence." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10199.
Full textLascaud, Julie. "Elaboration de couches minces atténuantes en silicium poreux : Application aux transducteurs ultrasonores capacitifs micro-usinés." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4026/document.
Full textCapacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUT) have emerged as a potential alternative to traditional piezoelectric transducers for ultrasound imaging. Along the years, CMUT processes have been evolved to enhance the device performances. In the meantime, no particular attention was paid on the silicon substrate, even if it is well-known that it could contribute to the transducer efficiency. The aim of this PhD thesis was to use porous silicon as a backing material for ultrasonic transducers to absorb a piece of the acoustic wave propagating in the substrate and which induce crosstalks in the acoustic signal. We show that porous silicon layer can be obtained on the rear side of already processed wafers without any damage on the performances of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers. Finally, by means of acoustic characterizations and the transducer electroacoustic responses, we reveal the potential interest of porous silicon as backing material for ultrasonic transducers
Warot, Bénédicte. "Elaboration et croissance de bicouches Co/NiO épitaxiées sur MgO(001), MgO(110) et MgO(111 : influence de l'orientation de substrat sur la microstructure , relation structure-magnétisme." Toulouse 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU30052.
Full textBubendorff, Jean-Luc. "Elaboration par voie electrochimique, proprietes magnetiques et caracterisations topographiques par microscopie en champ proche, de films minces de nickel et de cobalt sur un substrat d'or oriente (111)." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR13190.
Full textBeljebbar, Abdelilah. "Microspectroscopie raman a tranformee de fourier dans le proche infrarouge : elaboration des substrats actifs en sers ; etude de l'interaction medicament-cible et caracterisation des recepteurs specifiques aux retinoides dans des cellules isolees." Reims, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REIMP211.
Full textMonsalve, Arias Monica Johanna. "Elaboration de revêtements de verres bioactifs par projection thermique sur des substrats en alliage de titane et en acier inoxydable à partir de la synthèse de poudres 31SiO2-11P2O5-(58x)CaO-xMgO." Limoges, 2014. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/30a0d713-f586-422e-8143-2601988cb89a/blobholder:0/2014LIMO4004.pdf.
Full textLa synthèse de poudres de verres bioactifs appartenant au système 31SiO2-11P2O5-(58-x)-CaOx-MgO (x=0 et x=2) a été réalisée par fusion/broyage pour réaliser des revêtements par projection plasma et flamme oxyacétylénique. Deux types de substrats en alliage de titane Ti6A14V et en acier inoxydable AISI 316L ont été testés avec deux épaisseurs de revêtements de l'ordre de 80 et 400 µm. La non cytotoxycité des poudres, mesurée en présence de la ligne cellulaire U937 et Saos2, a été montrée en donnant un pourcentage de cellules vivantes supérieur à 75%. Les propriétés mécaniques (dureté et ténacité) des revêtements de verres bioactifs obtenus par projection plasma. En revanche, il a été observé que le type de substrat a une plus grande influence importante : les dépots sur les substrats de Ti6A14V ont les meilleures propriétés mécaniques. Les revêtements obtenus par les deux techniques sur du Ti6A14V présentent une bonne résistance à l'usure, dans les conditions d'essais, avec peu d'arrachement de particules; l'usure est de type abrasive. Lors des tests d'adhérence, sur le Ti6A14V, des dépôts réalisés par projection flamme, la rupture était de 100% adhésive pour les deux épaisseurs de dépôt. Dans le cas des dépôts réalisés par projection plasma, une rupture de type 100% cohésive était observée pour les dépôts de plus forte épaisseur alors que dans les dépôts de plus faible épaisseur la rupture était de type cohésive-adhésive. Les revêtements de verres testés sont bioactifs et présentent la formation d'une couche d'hydroxyapatite à leur surface en présence d'un liquide biologique simulé. L'épaisseur de la couche formée augmente avec le temps de séjour dans le fluide biologique et l'ajout de 2% molaire de MgO n'affecte pas la bioactivité des dépôts. Tous les revêtements testés sont non cytotoxyques et ont donné lieu à une prolifération et une adhésion cellulaire
Fused and crushed bioactive glass powder of the 31SiO2-11P2O5-(58-x)-CaOx-MgO (x=0 and x=2) system has been synthesized in order to use them to manufacture coatings by plasma and oxyacetylene flame spraying. Two types of substrates, Ti6A14V alloy and Stainless Steel AISI 316L, have been tested with two coating thicknesses of about 80 and 400 µm. The no cytotoxicity of the synthetized powders was evaluated in presence of the cell line U937 and Saos2, showing a percentage of live cells greater than 75%. Mechanical properties such as hardness and fracture toughness of the bioglass coatings obtained by flame spraying are lightly lower than those of the coatings obtainedby plasma spraying. In contrary, it was found that yhe substrate has a larger influence: coatings obtained onto Ti6A14V substrate showed the best mechanical properties. Coatings manufactured by both processes on Ti6A14V have a good wear resistance, according to the test conditions, with few detached particles giving an abrasive wear. The adhesion tests onto Ti6A14V of the flame coatings gave a 100% adhesive failure for both coating thicknesses. In the case of the coatings produced by plasma spraying, a 100% cohesive failure was found for the thicker coatings while for the thinner thickness the failure was cohesive-adhesive. The tested coatings are bioactive and show the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer onto its surface in the presence of simulated biologic fluid. The thickness of the formed layer increases with the time of immersion in the biologic fluid and the addition of 2% molar of MgO doesn't affect the bioactivity of coatings. Finally all of them show a good response in the tests of cytotoxicity, proliferation and cell adhesion
Vert, Romain. "Elaboration par projection plasma d’un revêtement céramique sur un substrat métallique mince et de faible rugosité : usage d’une sous-couche d’adhérence nanostructuréeCo-encadrée par Erick Meillot et Gilles Mariaux." Limoges, 2011. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/ad42416f-2bf9-4745-8e76-b4c77462f0aa/blobholder:0/2011LIMO4044.pdf.
Full textThe objective of this work is to show the feasibility of manufacturing a thick ceramic coating on a thin metal substrate with a low surface roughness. The system will operate under severe conditions of temperatures (850°C) and mechanical constraints imposed by gas flow at 70 bars. The application lies within the framework of the nuclear reactor Allegro, a gas-cool fast reactor, developped by CEA. The solution suggested is a double-layer deposit made up of a nanostructure layer (approximately 450-μm thick) of the same composition, by conventional plasma spraying. This manuscript presents the methodology of the study and successively deals with the elaboration of the nanostructure layer and that of the double-layer coating. A particular attention was turned to the adhesion of the nanostructured layer, to that of the double-layer coating and to the link between the two layers
Claudel, Arnaud. "ELABORATION ET CARACTERISATION DE COUCHES DE NITRURE D'ALUMINIUM AlN PAR CVD HAUTE TEMPERATURE EN CHIMIE CHLOREE." Phd thesis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00557644.
Full textClaudel, A. "ELABORATION ET CARACTERISATION DE COUCHES DE NITRURE D'ALUMINIUM AlN PAR CVD HAUTE TEMPERATURE EN CHIMIE CHLOREE." Phd thesis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523292.
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