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Journal articles on the topic 'Elasticitet'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Jensen, Pia Majbritt. "The international extent and elasticity of lifestyle television." MedieKultur: Journal of media and communication research 24, no. 45 (2008): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/mediekultur.v24i45.503.

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Lifestyle is a TV genre that exists predominantly on the screens of Northern Europe and Anglophone countries such as the UK, the USA and Australia. Hence, lifestyle formats are not traded globally but rather trans-nationally within a distinct geo-linguistic region. Nonetheless, lifestyle programming is still produced very differently within this region according to the media systemic conditions of the specific national TV markets and the specific broadcasters and channels in question. As such, the lifestyle genre is indeed tremendously flexible and elastic and can be used in a diverse number o

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2

Bijmolt, Tammo H. A., Harald J. Van Heerde, and Rik G. M. Pieters. "New Empirical Generalizations on the Determinants of Price Elasticity." Journal of Marketing Research 42, no. 2 (2005): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.42.2.141.62296.

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The importance of pricing decisions for firms has fueled an extensive stream of research on price elasticities. In an influential meta-analytical study, Tellis (1988) summarized price elasticity research findings until 1986. However, empirical generalizations on price elasticity require modifications because of (1) changes in market characteristics (i.e., characteristics of brands, product categories, and economic conditions) and (2) changes in the research methodology used to assess price elasticities. Therefore, the authors present a meta-analysis of price elasticity with new empirical gener

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Seale, James L., Lisha Zhang, and Mohamad R. Traboulsi. "U.S. Import Demand and Supply Response for Fresh Tomatoes, Cantaloupes, Onions, Oranges, and Spinach." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 45, no. 3 (2013): 435–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s107407080000496x.

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Elasticities of import demand and supply often drive economic models, but few empirical estimates of these elasticities exist for vegetables and fruits. For those that do exist, most are outdated. Because elasticities change over time as income, prices, and market conditions change, outdated elasticity estimates may not be representative of changes in import quantities demanded or in acreages, yield, and quantities supplied. Moreover, import demand elasticities by country of origin for most vegetables and fruits are nonexistent. This article presents research that updates elasticity estimates

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Galchynskyi, Leonid. "Estimation of the price elasticity of petroleum products’ consumption in Ukraine." Equilibrium 15, no. 2 (2020): 315–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/eq.2020.015.

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Research background: The analysts of the petroleum product markets of industrial countries believe that the elasticity of demand varies at different periods, which gave rise to the hypothesis that behavioral and structural factors have changed the consumers’ reaction during the last few decades, with a change in prices of petroleum products. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to study the elasticity of demand and prices in order to identify changes in consumer behavior in the oil market after significant socio-economic shocks and to establish a correlation between cha

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Gallet, Craig Arthur. "GAMBLING DEMAND: A META-ANALYSIS OF THE PRICE ELASTICITY." Journal of Gambling Business and Economics 9, no. 1 (2015): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/jgbe.v9i1.882.

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Many studies have examined the demand for gambling, providing roughly 200 estimates of the price elasticity associated with horse racing, casino gaming, and the lottery. Treating these price elasticities as observations of the dependent variable in a meta-regression model, several features of the literature are found to influence the price responsiveness of gambling. For instance, the price elasticity of casino gambling is lowest in absolute value, while the price elasticities of horse racing and the lottery are of similar value. Also, not only are there regional differences in the price elast

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Hao, MingJie, Angus S. Macdonald, Pradip Tapadar, and R. Guy Thomas. "INSURANCE LOSS COVERAGE UNDER RESTRICTED RISK CLASSIFICATION: THE CASE OF ISO-ELASTIC DEMAND." ASTIN Bulletin 46, no. 2 (2016): 265–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asb.2016.6.

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AbstractThis paper investigates equilibrium in an insurance market where risk classification is restricted. Insurance demand is characterised by an iso-elastic function with a single elasticity parameter. We characterise the equilibrium by three quantities: equilibrium premium; level of adverse selection (in the economist's sense); and “loss coverage”, defined as the expected population losses compensated by insurance. We consider both equal elasticities for high and low risk-groups, and then different elasticities. In the equal elasticities case, adverse selection is always higher under pooli

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Parker, Philip M. "Price Elasticity Dynamics over the Adoption Life Cycle." Journal of Marketing Research 29, no. 3 (1992): 358–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224379202900306.

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Little empirical research has been conducted to test the dynamic behavior of elasticities over the product life cycle. Competing specifications of price elasticity dynamics are examined to test the prevailing hypothesis that elasticities increase over the adoption life cycle or diffusion process. Though not supporting the hypothesis, the empirical results suggest that certain factors, including the degree to which a product is a necessity and faces competitive substitutes, affect elasticity dynamics.

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Bacchi, Miriam Rumenos Piedade, and Humberto Francisco Silva Spolador. "Income-elasticity of poultry meat consumption in metropolitan areas of Brazil." Scientia Agricola 59, no. 3 (2002): 451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162002000300007.

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Studies on the meat market behavior may result in interesting parameters for the market and public policy agents. The definition of the income-elasticity of poultry consumption enables the elaboration of prospective analysis on the potential demand of this product. Thus, the main objective of the present study is to estimate the income-elasticities of poultry consumption. Data from the 1995-96 and 1987-88 Consumer Expenditure Survey, published by IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics), were used in the analysis. The elasticities were obtained by fitting a three-segment polygona

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Iqbal Khan, Javaid. "Note: Intra-Model Employment Elasticities (A Case Study of Pakistan’s Small – Scale Manufacturing Sector)." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 10, no. 1 (2005): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2005.v10.i1.a9.

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In the paper we have estimated elasticities of employment with respect to the expansionary factors. According to our finding, in the small scale manufacturing sector size of employment is negatively related with wage elasticity, positively related with capital elasticity and also positively related with value of product elasticity.

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10

Latta, Gregory S., and Darius M. Adams. "An econometric analysis of output supply and input demand in the Canadian softwood lumber industry." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30, no. 9 (2000): 1419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x00-069.

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Few studies have examined the own-price elasticity of Canadian softwood lumber supply or output-adjusted factor demand elasticities over the past two decades, despite the utility of these measures in understanding producer response to tariffs, to market shifts (such as the decline in U.S. public harvest), and to changes in domestic forest policies. The present analysis employs a normalized, restricted quadratic profit function approach to estimate lumber supply and Marshallian factor demand elasticities for three Canadian regions. Results indicate that the lumber supply elasticity in the Briti

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Naumov, Sergey, and Rogelio Oliva. "Refinements on eigenvalue elasticity analysis: interpretation of parameter elasticities." System Dynamics Review 34, no. 3 (2018): 426–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sdr.1605.

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McQueen, James RG, and Karen Potter-Witter. "The sawmill industry of the Lake States: a study of productivity, technological change, and factor demand." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, no. 10 (2006): 2633–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-144.

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A translog variable cost function of the sawmill industry in Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin was estimated using pooled time-series data for the period 1963–1996 with inputs labour, materials, and capital. The estimated model imposed Hicks-neutral technical change and allowed for nonconstant returns to scale as well as nonunitary elasticities of substitution amongst the inputs. Results for the Allen–Uzawa partial elasticity of substitution and the Morishima elasticity of substitution indicate that the three inputs were inelastic substitutes. The own-price elasticities of demand and the cros

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Konapala, Goutam, and Ashok K. Mishra. "Three-parameter-based streamflow elasticity model: application to MOPEX basins in the USA at annual and seasonal scales." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 6 (2016): 2545–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2545-2016.

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Abstract. We present a three-parameter streamflow elasticity model as a function of precipitation, potential evaporation, and change in groundwater storage applicable at both seasonal and annual scales. The model was applied to 245 Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX) basins spread across the continental USA. The analysis of the modified equation at annual and seasonal scales indicated that the groundwater and surface water storage change contributes significantly to the streamflow elasticity. Overall, in case of annual as well as seasonal water balances, precipitation has higher elas

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Peltner, Jonas, and Silke Thiele. "Elasticities of Food Demand in Germany – A Demand System Analysis Using Disaggregated Household Scanner Data." German Journal of Agricultural Economics 70, no. 1 (2021): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30430/70.2021.1.49-62.

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This paper presents price and income elasticities of food demand for Germany. Using disaggregated household scanner data and the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS). The QUAIDS is modified to account for censoring and include household demographics. Furthermore, a two-stage budgeting approach is used to more accurately reflect households’ purchasing behaviour. Having disaggregated data also allowed to include convenience aspects into the demand system. High expenditure elasticities are found for fruits and nuts and meat, fish and eggs. The highest own-price elasticity is found for be

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Boonen, K. J. M., K. Y. Rosaria-Chak, F. P. T. Baaijens, D. W. J. van der Schaft, and M. J. Post. "Essential environmental cues from the satellite cell niche: optimizing proliferation and differentiation." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 296, no. 6 (2009): C1338—C1345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00015.2009.

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The use of muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) for regenerative medicine has been severely compromised by their decreased proliferative and differentiative capacity after being cultured in vitro. We hypothesized the loss of pivotal niche factors to be the cause. Therefore, we investigated the proliferative and differentiative response of passage 0 murine MPCs to varying substrate elasticities and protein coatings and found that proliferation was influenced only by elasticity, whereas differentiation was influenced by both elasticity and protein coating. A stiffness of 21 kPa optimally increased the

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Imbs, Jean, and Isabelle Mejean. "Elasticity Optimism." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 7, no. 3 (2015): 43–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.20130231.

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On average, estimates of trade elasticities are smaller in aggregate data than at sector level. This is an artifact of aggregation. Estimations performed on aggregate data constrain sector elasticities to homogeneity, which creates a heterogeneity bias. The paper shows such a bias exists in two prominent approaches used to estimate elasticities, which has meaningful consequences for the calibration of the trade elasticity in one-sector, aggregative models. With elasticities calibrated to aggregate data, macroeconomic models can have predictions at odds with the implications of their multi-sect

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Maynard, Leigh J., and Venkat N. Veeramani. "Price Sensitivities for U.S. Frozen Dairy Products." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 35, no. 3 (2003): 599–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800028315.

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Price elasticities and flexibilities for frozen dessert products were estimated from weekly scanner data, with emphasis on functional form selection, system misspecification testing, and endogeneity testing. Reciprocals of elasticities and elasticity matrix inversion were invalid means of obtaining flexibility estimates, leaving direct estimation as the only viable, albeit resource-intensive, approach.

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Bielik, P., and Z. Šajbidorová. "Elasticity of consumer demand on pork meat in the Slovak Republic." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 55, No. 1 (2009): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2502-agricecon.

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Consumers are the starting point of the final product market vertical line. Their demand is a crucial factor in the decisions about production – what to produce, how much, and what way. The aim of this paper is to provide the analysis of the elasticity of the consumer demand on pork, based on the influence of the change of the determinants influencing the demand on the consumer level of the vertical product line, and subsequent evaluation of the character and intensiveness of the consumer demand elasticities. The evaluation is founded on the determined coefficients for the individual elasticit

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19

Felettigh, Alberto, and Stefano Federico. "Measuring the price elasticity of import demand in the destination markets of italian exports." ECONOMIA E POLITICA INDUSTRIALE, no. 1 (March 2011): 127–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/poli2011-011005.

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We compare the price elasticity of import demand in the destination markets of Italian exports to the price elasticity in the destination markets of the other main euro-zone countries' exports. We use the elasticities of substitution across varieties estimated for each destination market by Broda, Greenfield and Weinstein (2006). We find that Italy exports to markets that have, on average, lower price elasticity than the markets to which France, Germany and Spain sell their exports. The result is mainly driven by the motor vehicle and other transport equipment sectors. Net of these two industr

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Kan, Kamhon, I.-Hsin Li, and Ruei-Hua Wang. "Intergenerational Income Mobility in Taiwan: Evidence from TS2SLS and Structural Quantile Regression." B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 15, no. 1 (2015): 257–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2013-0008.

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Abstract We estimate intergenerational income mobility in Taiwan, employing repeated cross-sectional data. We find that the father–son, father–daughter, mother–son and mother–daughter income elasticities-at-40 are around 0.18, 0.23, 0.50 and 0.54, respectively. Moreover, the mother–child income elasticity increases slightly over children’s birth year, while the father–child elasticity is stable, but we do not find any time trend in elasticities. Since mean-regression results may not be informative in fast growing economies, we estimate relative mobility via structural quantile regression model

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21

Jensen, Thomas C. "Income and Price Elasticities by Nationality for Tourists in Denmark." Tourism Economics 4, no. 2 (1998): 101–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135481669800400201.

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This paper presents estimates of income and price elasticities for the six most important nationalities visiting Denmark as tourists. The estimates are based on two different measures of the Danish tourism revenue: the number of nights spent and the currency exchange statistics. The explanatory variables are prices and income abroad. The estimates vary considerably across nationalities. For German tourists, who account for the largest share in Danish tourism, the estimates for price elasticities are quite high: the long-run price elasticity with respect to the prices in Denmark is close to −1.

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Yetman, Michelle H., and Robert J. Yetman. "How Does the Incentive Effect of the Charitable Deduction Vary across Charities?" Accounting Review 88, no. 3 (2012): 1069–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-50370.

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ABSTRACT: We examine how taxes affect donations given to nonprofit organizations and how this varies across nonprofit types. Most prior studies constrained tax price elasticities to be constant across nonprofits, primarily because the data do not provide donations by nonprofit type. Using nonprofit-level data and average marginal tax rates that vary across years and states, we estimate tax price elasticities by nonprofit type. We find an aggregate public charity elasticity of approximately −1.0 and a private foundation elasticity of approximately −2.0. These results suggest that the cost of th

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Fendel, Tanja. "How Elastic is the Labour Supply of Female Migrants Relative to the Labour Supply of Female Natives?" De Economist 168, no. 4 (2020): 475–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10645-020-09368-9.

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Abstract This study estimates the wage elasticities of migrants and natives by using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel from 1984 to 2015 and a grouping instrumental variable estimator. Female migrants who live with a partner have lower own- and cross-wage elasticities than respective female natives, and the elasticities of non-Western female migrants are insignificant. The relationship between participation and elasticity is not in all cases positive, but parallel to labour market integration, the time since migration increases the elasticities of women. Elasticities indicate the poten

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Tellis, Gerard J. "The Price Elasticity of Selective Demand: A Meta-Analysis of Econometric Models of Sales." Journal of Marketing Research 25, no. 4 (1988): 331–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224378802500401.

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The author describes a meta-analysis of econometric studies that estimated the elasticity of selective sales or market share to price. The literature review yielded 367 suitable price elasticities from about 220 different brands/markets. The results indicate that the price elasticity is significantly negative and, in absolute value, eight times larger than the advertising elasticity obtained from a prior meta-analysis. The omission of distribution or quality, the use of only cross-sectional data, and temporal aggregation lead to severe biases in the estimates of price elasticity. The elasticit

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Grisley, William, and Kangethe W. Gitu. "A Translog Cost Analysis of Turkey Production in the Mid-Atlantic Region." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 17, no. 1 (1985): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0081305200017167.

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AbstractThe production structure of 165-hen and 200-tom turkey flocks is investigated using a translog (dual) variable cost function. The partial static equilibrium elasticities of scale, input demand, input substitution, and cross price elasticities of demand are calculated. The elasticity of scale is found to be not significantly different from one over the range of 5,900 to 9,822 birds for the hen flocks and over the range of 7,765 to 11,043 birds for the torn flocks. In general, the input demand elasticities are inelastic with the exception of the input fuel. The cross-price elasticities a

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House, Christopher L., and Matthew D. Shapiro. "Temporary Investment Tax Incentives: Theory with Evidence from Bonus Depreciation." American Economic Review 98, no. 3 (2008): 737–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.3.737.

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The intertemporal elasticity of investment for long-lived capital goods is nearly infinite. Consequently, investment prices should fully reflect temporary tax subsidies, regardless of the investment supply elasticity. Since prices move one-for-one with the subsidy, elasticities can be inferred from quantities alone. This paper uses a recent tax policy—bonus depreciation—to estimate the investment supply elasticity. Investment in qualified capital increased sharply. The estimated elasticity is high—between 6 and 14. There is no evidence that market prices reacted to the subsidy, suggesting that

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Vu, Linh Hoang. "Estimation and Analysis of Food Demand Patterns in Vietnam." Economies 8, no. 1 (2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies8010011.

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The paper analyzes food consumption patterns of Vietnamese households, using a complete demand system and socio-demographic information. Demand elasticities are estimated applying a modified Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model on the Vietnamese household survey data in 2006. The results indicate that food consumption patterns in Vietnam are affected by income, price, as well as socio-economic and geographic factors. All food has positive expenditure elasticities and negative own-price elasticities. Rice has mean expenditure elasticity of 0.36 and mean own-price elasticity of −0.80. Using t

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Lim, Chansu. "Estimating Residential and Industrial City Gas Demand Function in the Republic of Korea—A Kalman Filter Application." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (2019): 1363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051363.

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This paper analyzes the city gas demand function in Korea from 1998 to 2018. The demand function of city gas is derived by a Kalman filter method, and price and income elasticities varying with time are estimated. In the case of residential city gas, the price elasticity gradually decreased to a value of approximately 0.57, while income elasticity increased to approximately 1.48 from 1998 to 2018. Alternatively, industrial city gas demand’s price and income elasticities have been estimated as inelastic, as their absolute values were less than unity over time. The absolute values of price and i

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Russell, Gary J., and Ruth N. Bolton. "Implications of Market Structure for Elasticity Structure." Journal of Marketing Research 25, no. 3 (1988): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224378802500301.

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Though considerable attention has been given to market structure, little research has been done on the relationship between market structure and elasticity structure. The authors develop and partially test the aggregate constant ratio elasticity pattern (ACREP), a parsimonious marketing mix elasticity model that describes the elasticity structure of submarkets characterized by a proportional-draw market share mechanism. An analysis of the brand price elasticities in nine markets (covering six product categories) suggests that the ACREP model is a robust approach for predicting the elasticity s

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Mikayilov, Jeyhun I., Shahriyar Mukhtarov, and Jeyhun Mammadov. "Gasoline Demand Elasticities at the Backdrop of Lower Oil Prices: Fuel-Subsidizing Country Case." Energies 13, no. 24 (2020): 6752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246752.

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This study investigates the income and price elasticities of gasoline demand for a fuel subsidizing country case, applying three different time-varying coefficient approaches to the data spanning the period from January 2002 to June 2018. The empirical estimations concluded a cointegration relationship between gasoline demand, income, and gasoline price. The income elasticity found ranges from 0.10 to 0.29, while the price elasticity remains constant over time, being −0.15. Income elasticity increases over time, slightly decreasing close to the end of the period, which is specific for a develo

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Bordley, Robert F., and James B. McDonald. "Estimating Aggregate Automotive Income Elasticities from the Population Income-Share Elasticity." Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 11, no. 2 (1993): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1391372.

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Osbert-Pociecha, Grażyna, Mirosław Moroz, and Janusz Lichtarski. "The Elasticity of an Enterprise as a Configuration of Partial Elasticities." Gospodarka Narodowa 223, no. 4 (2008): 59–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/gn/101314.

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Bordley, Robert F., and James B. McDonald. "Estimating Aggregate Automotive Income Elasticities From the Population Income-Share Elasticity." Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 11, no. 2 (1993): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1993.10509949.

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Metaxas, S., and E. Charalambous. "Residential price elasticity of demand for water." Water Supply 5, no. 6 (2005): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2005.0063.

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This paper presents an analysis on price elasticity of demand for water as a consequence of price increases. The objective of this research study is to estimate the residential price elasticities of demand for water for different regions, which may have different income levels. The general conclusion is that price elasticity for residential water use is inelastic (i.e. a given percentage of price increase results in a proportionally smaller decrease in quantity demanded) and it varies by consumer class and type of water use. The elasticity is not significantly affected by demographic and other

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Hussain, Sajid, Uzma Nisar, and Waseem Akram. "An Analysis of the Cost Structure of Food Industries in Pakistan: An Application of the Translog Cost Function." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 25, no. 2 (2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2020.v25.i2.a1.

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Given the importance of food industriesin Pakistan, this studyanalyzestheircost structure by estimating thetranscendental logarithmic cost function. The study also considers elasticity of substitution along with own-price elasticity and cross-price elasticity. Four factor inputs,i.e.,labor, capital, energy,and materials,are used toestimatethe cost function. The results indicate that materialsaccount for the highest share of the cost. The elasticity of substitution of materialsfor capital and energy is also weak. The own-price elasticities indicate that the demand for materialsis least responsi

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Choi, Hyelin, and Hyo Sang Kim. "Exchange Rates and Firm Exports: The Role of Foreign Ownership and Foreign Subsidiaries." Asian Economic Papers 19, no. 2 (2020): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00776.

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This paper examines the role of global production linkages on exchange rate elasticities by using Korean firm-level data. Firms with foreign ownership or with foreign subsidiaries, which are linked to global production, tend to weaken the effects of exchange rate movements on firm exports. We find the exchange rate elasticities of firm exports are significant and tend to have a negative effect on domestic firms or firms with no foreign subsidiary. In contrast, the results show an insignificant effect on foreign-owned firms or firms with foreign subsidiaries. After controlling for the export to

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Naanwaab, Cephas, and Osei Yeboah. "Demand for Fresh Vegetables in the United States: 1970–2010." Economics Research International 2012 (October 22, 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/942748.

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This paper analyzes a demand system for eight major fresh vegetables in the USA using the most recently available dataset (1970–2010). A first-differenced Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LA-AIDS) is applied to estimate price and expenditure elasticity of demand, imposing homogeneity and symmetry restrictions. We find that not only are consumers responsive to changes in own-prices but they also respond significantly to changes in prices of other fresh vegetables that are consumed together. Conditional budget share allocation to lettuce, cabbage, and celery has declined, while the

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Sarmad, Khwaja, and Riaz Mahmood. "Price and Income Elasticities of Consumer Goods Imports of Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 24, no. 3-4 (1985): 453–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v24i3-4pp.453-462.

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Estimation of disaggregated import elasticities for developing countries presents a formidable data-handling problem. The available studies on the subject are concerned mostly with the estimation of income and price elasticities of imports at a disaggregated level corresponding to the one-digit level of the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC), see, e.g., Khan [I], Melo and Vogt [4], Nguyen and Bhuyan [5). Consequently, they apply a common elasticity estimate to all commodity sub-groups..

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Lee, Jung-Hee, and B. Wade Brorsen. "Effect of Risk Aversion on Feeder Cattle Prices." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 26, no. 2 (1994): 386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800026316.

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AbstractThis paper determines the effects of cattle feeders' risk aversion on feeder cattle prices using pen data of Kansas feedlots. Higher profit risk results in lower feeder cattle prices. The elasticity of feeder cattle price with respect to profit risk was small (-0.013). The risk elasticity estimated here is similar to risk elasticities in previous studies and thus, the use of pen-level data does not seem to add much to the study of risk.

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Taltavull de la Paz, Paloma. "New housing supply and price reactions: evidence from Spanish markets." Journal of European Real Estate Research 7, no. 1 (2014): 4–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jerer-10-2013-0023.

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Purpose – The paper develops a housing model equation for Spain and selected regions to estimate new supply elasticity. The aim of the paper is to assess the role of housing supply on price evolution and explain the fall in housing starts since the start of the credit crunch. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses a pooled EGLS specification controlling for the presence of cross-section heteroskedasticity. Fixed effect estimators are calculated to capture regional heterogeneity. The model uses secondary data (quarterly) for 17 Spanish regions over the period 1990-2012. A recursive proced

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Syrovátka, P. "Income elasticity of demand within individual consumer groups and the level of income elasticity of the entire market demand ." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 52, No. 9 (2012): 412–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5044-agricecon.

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The paper is focused on the derivation of the mathematical relationship among the income-elasticity level of the entire market demand and the income-elasticity values of the demand functions of the consumers&rsquo; groups buying on the defined market. The determination of the mathematical term was based on the linearity of the relevant demand functions. Under the linearity assumption, the income elasticity coefficient of the entire market demand equals the weighted sum of the income-demand elasticities of the differentiated consumer groups buying on the given market. The weights in the agg

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Kant, Shashi. "The marginal cost of structural diversity of mixed uneven-aged hard maple forests." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32, no. 4 (2002): 616–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x02-001.

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Theoretical concepts pertaining to the marginal cost (MC) of the structural diversity of a forest stand are developed. A matrix growth model is estimated for mixed uneven-aged forest stands of hard maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) from southern Ontario. The estimated growth model is used to derive the MC equations for the Shannon and the Simpson indices of total structural diversity (TSD), species diversity (SD), and tree-size diversity (TD). The effects of exclusion and inclusion of the opportunity cost (OC) on the MC of the TSD are compared. The contributions of SD and TD to the MC of the TSD a

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Maharjan, Santosh, Benu Lohani, Prakash Kayastha, Sundar Suwal, and Sharma Paudel. "Estimation of Hepatic Elasticity by Shear Wave Sonoelastography among Asymptomatic Individuals in a Tertiary Level Hospital." Journal of Nepal Health Research Council 18, no. 4 (2021): 632–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v18i4.3008.

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Background: Shear wave elastography is currently most widely used method for determining the elasticity of liver. Liver fibrosis, final common pathway of chronic liver disease, is associated with increased liver stiffness. This study aimed to obtain normal liver elasticity in Nepalese population, as it can be used as reference in future for determination of elasticity in abnormal liver.Methods: Quantitative prospective study was done in 132 individuals with normal liver function tests. Shear wave elastography was done to measure elasticity of both lobes of liver and thus obtained values were a

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Li, Lisa, Dena Kasraian, and Amer Shalaby. "Empirical Analysis of Long-Run Elasticities and Asymmetric Effects of Transit Demand Determinants." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 8 (2020): 274–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120925465.

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The effects of transit ridership determinants can be quantified as demand elasticities which are often used to inform transit planning and policy making. This study seeks to determine the impacts of transit service supply, fare, and gas prices on ridership by quantifying the short-run and long-run demand elasticities, as well as test whether transit ridership exhibits an asymmetric response to the rise and fall of these factors using a panel data of 99 Canadian transit agencies over the period of 2002–2016. The results of the dynamic panel model show the effects of transit service and fare to

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Otunaiya, A. O., and A. M. Shittu. "Complete household demand system of vegetables in Ogun State, Nigeria." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 60, No. 11 (2014): 509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/46/2014-agricecon.

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Fruit and vegetable consumption has been shown to be an important part of any diet leading towards good health, but little is known about the vegetable demand behaviour at finer levels of disaggregation in Nigeria. Hence, this study estimated the price and income (expenditure) elasticities of demand for the commonly consumed vegetables among households in the Ogun State, Nigeria. Data were collected with the use of a well-structured questionnaire administered to one hundred and twenty (120) households that were randomly selected using a multi-stage sampling procedure. The data were analysed by

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Souza, Helson Gomes de, Francisco José Silva Tabosa, Jair Andrade de Araújo, and Pablo Urano de Carvalho Castelar. "A spatial analysis of how growth and inequality affect poverty in Brazil." Revista de Administração Pública 55, no. 2 (2021): 459–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220190349.

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Abstract This research seeks to analyze the impacts of economic growth and income inequality on Brazilian states’ urban and rural poverty, considering the effects of the initial levels of development and inequality. The elasticities of income and inequality of poverty were calculated through a dynamic spatial panel, using an adaptation of the approach developed by Kalwij and Verschoor (2004), and data from 2004 to 2014. Incorporating the spatial factor allows us to capture the effects of the geographical location on local poverty. The results suggest that a poverty reduction occurs more intens

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Bordin, Chiara, and Asgeir Tomasgard. "Behavioural Change in Green Transportation: Micro-Economics Perspectives and Optimization Strategies." Energies 14, no. 13 (2021): 3728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133728.

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The increasing demand for Electric Vehicle (EV) charging is putting pressure on the power grids and capacities of charging stations. This work focuses on how to use indirect control through price signals to level out the load curve in order to avoid the power consumption from exceeding these capacities. We propose mathematical programming models for the indirect control of EV charging that aim at finding an optimal set of price signals to be sent to the drivers based on price elasticities. The objective is to satisfy the demand for a given price structure, or minimize the curtailment of loads,

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Thapa-Parajuli, Resham, and Ramesh C. Paudel. "Tourism Sector Employment Elasticity in Nepal: An Analysis." Economic Journal of Nepal 41, no. 3-4 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ejon.v41i3-4.35926.

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Given Nepal's location and geographical situation, the country has unique comparative advantages in the tourism sector. The Nepalese tourism sector largely remains labour intensive due to insufficient investment in quality infrastructure and technology. Even in this background, the tourism sector contributes a significant share of GDP and employment in Nepal. Knowing the employment elasticities to various tourism indicators helps to understand the tourism sector and make sound policy inferences. For this purpose, the paper combined the annual data from the WorldTravel and Tourism Council (WTTC

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Jensen, Christian. "PRICE-SETTING WITH UNOBSERVABLE ELASTICITIES OF DEMAND: THE BUSINESS-CYCLE EFFECTS OF HETEROGENEOUS EXPECTATIONS." Macroeconomic Dynamics 20, no. 4 (2015): 1101–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100514000753.

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In a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with monopolistic competition and flexible prices, we assume that producers must estimate their demand elasticities, which leads to heterogeneous expectations because of idiosyncratic shocks. I argue that these expectations shape firms' perceptions of relative prices, market shares, and individual demand elasticities, thereby distorting their price-setting and production. This model concludes that discarding the conventional assumption of known and exogenous demand elasticity generates business cycle fluctuations indistinguishable from those pr

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Chishti, Salim, and Fakhre Mahmood. "The Energy Demand in the Industrial Sector of Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 30, no. 1 (1991): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v30i1pp.83-88.

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The purpose of this study is to analyse the role of energy in the manufaCblring sector of Pakistan. The translog cost function alongwith the input demand equations corresponding to enel'kY, capital, and labour have been estimated, using Zellner's iterative procedure. Time trend has been included in the cost equation in view of the low Durbin-Watson statistics. The results justify the inclusion of energy as a separate factor of production. Price elasticities and Allen-Uzawa partial substitution elasticities have been estimated. Own price elasticities indicate a rather inelastic demand fOl" inpu

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