Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Élastomères thermoplastiques'
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Bardin, Antoine. "Durabilité des élastomères thermoplastiques pour applications marines." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAE004.
Full textThermoset elastomers are currently used for watertightness applications on marine structures, due to their interesting elastic properties and their important chemical resistance. However, thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) represent an interesting alternative in an industrial context being increasingly restrictive toward chemical risks. In order to determine their behaviour in marine environment, hydrolytic and oxidative ageing of several TPEs was investigated. Degradation was particularly assessed with molecular chain scission measurement. Based on these data, a hydrolytic kinetic model predicting scissions was developed, including the autocatalytic effect as well as the use of a hydrolytic stabilizer. Meanwhile, characterization of mechanical properties change enabled to highlight strong correlation between molar mass and failure properties, including all TPEs and all exposure conditions. Finally, in situ XRD analyses showed that the failure properties loss is associated with a weakening of the strain-induced crystallization phenomenon. Coupling the hydrolytic kinetic model and the relationships between chain scissions and mechanical behaviour, a prediction of the mechanical failure properties change for all exposure conditions was proposed
Parenteau, Thomas. "Modélisation micromécanique de composites thermoplastiques élastomères à matrice polypropylène." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne Sud, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00404452.
Full textL'objectif de cette étude est la caractérisation expérimentale et la modélisation du comportement mécanique de composites thermoplastiques élastomères (TPE). Ces matériaux sont composés d'une matrice en homopolymère polypropylène isotactique (PP) et de particules d'élastomère recyclées à base d'éthylène propylène diène monomère (EPDM). La nature complexe du PP nous a incité à développer un modèle micromécanique, en distinguant dans ce polymère une phase amorphe et une phase cristalline. A partir d'un motif représentatif permettant d'estimer les propriétés élastiques du PP en fonction du taux de cristallinité, un modèle micromécanique de type autocohérent généralisé est comparé à un modèle macroscopique plus simple pour décrire son comportement élastoviscoplastique. La loi de comportement des TPE est construite, via une démarche d'homogénéisation, à partir du comportement mécanique des particules d'EPDM et de la loi macroscopique déterminée pour le PP. Les prévisions des modèles sont analysées et comparées aux résultats d'essais de flexion, de traction et d'indentation. Les modèles développés ont été implantés dans le code « éléments finis » Abaqus afin de permettre le calcul de pièces industrielles.
Wilhelm, Catherine. "Mécanismes de photooxydation d'élastomères de polyurethannes thermoplastiques." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF21606.
Full textHamdi, Adel. "Critère de rupture généralisé pour les élastomères vulcanisables et thermoplastiques." Lille 1, 2006. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2006/50376_2006_242.pdf.
Full textCosta, Christopher. "Elaboration de nouveaux élastomères thermoplastiques biosourcés à base d’huiles végétales." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0136.
Full textWith the purpose of expanding the Pebax® range, commercialised by Arkema, this study was dedicated to the synthesis of multiblock thermoplastic elastomers, including low glassy transition temperature bio-sourced soft blocks and rigid semi-cristalline polyamide. First, soft polyester and polyamide pre-polymers resulting from the polycondensation of commercialised dimerised fatty acids Pripol® (diol and diacid) and Priamine (diamine) as well as rigid PA-11 pre-polymers bearing amine or acid chain-ends, have been synthesized. From these pre-polymers, two distinct poly(ester-b-amide) (PEsBA) multiblock copolymer families containing variable ratios of amide functions and hard and soft phases have been elaborated, their properties and morphologies evaluated and compared to the ones of the reference: Arkema’s Pebax®. Second, new series of PEsBA copolymers have been prepared according to two synthetic processes, one in two steps not requiring the prior synthesis of the soft pre-polymer and the second, in one step, with no initially elaborated pre-polymers. The study of the structure-morphology-properties relationship of those copolymers allowed the discrimination of some of them exhibiting properties in agreement with the objectives. Lastly, starting from hard and soft polyamide pre-polymers, two new copolyamide (COPA) families have been synthesised and their properties compared to those of the established PEsBA and PEBA systems
Tran, Quang Ngoc. "Synthèse et caractérisation de 1,4-polyisoprènes greffés thermoplastiques." Le Mans, 2007. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2007/2007LEMA1009.pdf.
Full textPolymer-grafted rubbers having the characteristics of thermoplastic elastomers were prepared by photopolymerization of vinyl monomers initiated from functions N,Ndiethyldithiocarbamate previously introduced on to 1,4-polyisoprene chains (natural rubber and synthetic polyisoprenes). The functionalization of the 1,4polyisoprene units by the N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate groups was carried out by nucleophilic addition of NNdiethyldithiocarbamate salts on oxirane cycles beforehand created on the 1,4-polyisoprene chains. Graftings of polymers of varied structures were successfully carried out in of monomer medium, toluene, and also latex respectively. Physicochemical, mechanical, and rheological analyses were performed in order to determine the behavior of the synthesized polymer-grafted natural rubbers in relation with the graft nature, the weight content in grafted polymer, and of the graft density
Joubert, Catherine. "Elaboration d'un matériau thermopastique élastomère vulcanisé dynamiquement (TPV) : étude des aspects de formulation et de mélange et des propriétés mécaniques résultantes." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL086N.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to study the mixing conditions during the elaboration of a dynamically vulcanised thermoplastic material (TPV), containing on the one hand a copal ymer of ethylene and vinylacetate EV A and on the other hand polypropylene (PP), in arder to improve its final properties. Various chemical crosslinking routes of the EVA phase were studied : the radical way, the exchange reaction between acetate groups and silane groups, the radical grafting of vinylsilane groups onto EV A followed, at higher temperatures, by an ex change reaction between vinylsilane grafted groups and vinylacetate groups or a condensation after hydrolysis of silanol functions. The compression set modeling (CS) of EV A crosslinked through these different ways contributed to better understand the mechanism of the elastic recovery at a molecular leve! and to choose the most appropriate crosslinking route. Mixing conditions (dispersion of reagents) were studied in a rheoreactor and in an internai mixer. These studies allowed us to show that the crosslinking kinetics of the el as tomer phase depends close! y on the quality of the mixing (micromixing). In addition, the study of the viscosity ratio of EVA and PP, of the mixture composition and of the mixing energy stressed the importance of the initial EV A/PP morphology on the phase inversion phenomenon and the competition between macromixing and reaction times. This allowed us to optimize the appropriate formulation for a further material elaboration control. Generally, this type of material is plasticized by organic (phtalate or naphtalenic) oil addition. An original rheological method for the determination of the diffusion coefficient of this plasticizer in EV A has been developed, based on the free volume theory. Lastly, in arder to improve the material processability, as weil as to its mechanical properties (elasticity and deformation at break, a third component, the Kraton®, has been added to the EV A/PP formulation. The resulting material shows good properties for compression set (<55%) and for deformation at break (>200% )
Mazard, Cécile. "Amélioration par formulation des propriétés thermomécaniques d'élastomères thermoplastiques de type sebs." Le Mans, 2001. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2001/2001LEMA1006.pdf.
Full textSaurel, Jean-Louis. "Etude thermodynamique d'une famille d'élastomères thermoplastiques." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20069.
Full textDépinoy, Florent. "Élaboration d'élastomères thermoplastiques ignifugés : étude des relations structure / propriétés." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10038.
Full textThe aim of this study is to fireproof thermoplastic elastomers based on polyolefins (TPa). The studied TPa are blends of polypropylene (PP), ethylene propylene copolymers (EPDM) and hydrogenated styrene butadiene rubber (HSBR). The elastic properties of TPa based on PP/HSBR blends are closed to hyperelasticity when the level of HSBR is high (between 75 and 100% in mass of the polymers) and these properties are higher than those observed for PP/EPDM blends. These properties can be explained in particular by the higher miscibility of HSBR with PP, when compared with EPDM. The incorporation of additive based on ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to fireproof the TPa blends leads to intumescent formulations. Concerning the elastic behaviour, this incorporation mostly modifies the elongation at break of the TPa blends. Depending on the configuration of the sample during the test (horizontal or vertical test), the obtained fire properties are different. This difference is linked to the viscosity of the formulation in fire conditions: if the sample is in horizontal configuration during the test, the viscosity is less important than when the sample is vertical. When the sam pie is horizontal, HSBR-based intumescent formulations have a better fire behaviour than EPDM-based ones. These differences are explained by the fact that the intumescent structure is more stable in the case of PP and HSBR than in the case of EPDM: wh en the intumescent structure is formed, EPDM does not react with the additive, whereas PP and HSBR do react. This is the consequence of the higher viscosity of EPDM during the intumescence phenomena, compared to PP and HSBR
Martin, Grégory. "Etude des aspects fondamentaux liés à l’élaboration d'un TPV du type PP/EPDM." Lyon 1, 2008. http://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m60p0xg2.
Full textThis work focuses on the study of the fundamental aspects involved in the elaboration of a thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) commercialized by the Hutchinson company. The specific mechanical properties of a TPV, especially in the case of PP/EPDM blends, are directly linked to its structure and morphology, which are both correlated to the competition between the crosslinking reaction and the blending action. This complex correlation leads to a synergy of the processing properties of the thermoplastic, combined with the elasticity of the crosslinked elastomer. Thus, first, we modeled the molecular networks of various crosslinked and plasticized EPDM in order to determine with precision their exact structure in fonction of the concentration of crosslinking agent used. We then studied the mechanism of long-time relaxation which is the source of the elastic strain recovery mechanism. An exhaustive morphological study was then undertaken on blends made of uncrosslinked EPDM, showing that they can, under some precise conditions, present a surprising elastic strain recovery due the presence of a physical network induced by a very particular co-continuous morphology. Moreover, the presence of silica nanoparticles leads to the improvement of this recovery. Finally, we studied the mechanisms of dispersion of pre-crosslinked EPDM samples in a molten PP phase, which allowed us to conclude on the importance of the proportion of both phases and on the influence of the gel fraction on the quality of the dispersion of the elastomeric phase. In fine, beyond a gel fraction of 0. 7, the dispersion of the elastomer is rough and leads to a coarse and heterogeneous morphology, literally ruining such blend mechanical properties
André, Sébastien. "Étude de copolymères à blocs polyimides polysiloxanes hybrides : élaboration de nouveaux élastomères thermoplastiques fluorés." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20191.
Full textHedreul, Claire. "Réticulation par voie micro-ondes de formulations epoxyde-amine modifiées par un polymère linéaire : cinétique de réaction et contrôle de la morphologie." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0123.
Full textEpoxy-amine formulations are often associated with an additive (rubber or thermoplastic) to improve their mechanical properties. Blend is initially homogeneous but a phase separation is induced by reaction and leads to a heterogeneous material which properties are conditioned by morphology. Microwave heating appears recently as an alternative to conventional heating. It allows performing much higher heating rates than conventional heating. The aim of this work is to use this aspect of microwave heating to study the influence of heating rate on the generated morphology. We first studied the kinetics of reaction and the evolution of dielectric properties during cross linking. Then the morphology of samples cured at different heating rates was characterized by electronic microscopy and image analysis. Thus we could determine conditions able to allow the control of morphology by cure schedule
Hollande, Stéphanie. "Étude de tissus industriels élastomères thermoplastiques polyuréthanes : faisabilité de la soudure par haute-fréquence et vieillissement." Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT016C.
Full textSaint-Loup, René. "Recyclage chimique du poly(éthylène téréphtalate). Application à la synthèse d'élastomères thermoplastiques." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20168.
Full textMossi, Idrissa Abdoul Kader. "Modeling and simulation of the mechanical behavior under finite strains of filled elastomers as function of their microstructure." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6042.
Full textFilled elastomers and thermoplastics elastomers are heterogeneous materials. They have interesting mechanical properties for many applications but their mechanical behavior is more complex than unfilled elastomers. In order to understand filled elastomers and thermoplastics elastomers macro scale behavior, it is important to find their behavior explanation at materials micro scale level. Then, we can deduce models which approach materials microstructure and also explains easy the macro scale behavior. For that, the aim of this thesis is to model and simulate the mechanical behavior of filled elastomers and thermoplastic elastomers like thermoplastic polyurethane by tacking into account their microstructure
Luiz, Laura. "Synthèse d’additifs pour l’auto-cicatrisation d’élastomères thermoplastiques polyuréthanes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS002.
Full textPolyurethane thermoplastic elastomers (TPUs) are used in many industrial sectors. The excellent mechanical properties of these materials are due to the presence of many hydrogen bonds which induce physical crosslinking and phase separation within the microstructure. However, after damage these materials do not self-heal at room temperature. Providing them self-healing properties would increase their lifespan, reduce maintenance costs and thus limit their ecological impact. Thanks to the presence of hydrogen bond, we propose to tune their reversibility and their dynamics to bring enough mobility within the TPUs and thus induce self-healing at room temperature. The objectives of the present work are to synthesize a macromolecular additive by chemical modification of commercial TPUs via N-alkylation reactions. The formulation of new modified TPUs, from this kind of additives, has resulted in an autonomous self-healing TPU. By varying, the nature and the rate of N-alkylation within the formulation, phase separation and molecular mobility are more or less impacted, which allowed us to obtain a mapping of materials where the balance mechanical properties/self-healing efficiency has been found and understood through extensive multiscale characterization. With a view to extend this concept to a chemistry without toxic reagents and solvents, we worked on the reactivity of melted-TPU through exchange reactions using reactive extrusion process. Several polyhydroxyurethane (PHU) additives, with a controlled molecular design and inspired by the advances of the first generation, have been synthesized. This exploratory work allowed to confirm our melt process strategy
Shaker, Ramin, and Ramin Shaker. "Rotomoulage d'élastomères thermoplastiques à base de polyéthylène de basse densité et de caoutochouc naturel recyclé." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38277.
Full textCe travail porte sur la production d’élastomères thermoplastiques basés sur un polymère thermoplastique (le polyéthylène de basse densité, LDPE) et un caoutchouc naturel (NR) recyclé provenant de pneus usés (ground tire rubber : GTR). Les échantillons ont été moulés par rotomoulage en utilisant deux méthodes de mélange : à l'état fondu par une extrudeuse bi-vis et par un mélange à sec en utilisant un mélangeur haute intensité afin de comparer l’effet du cisaillement et de l’histoire thermo-mécanique sur les propriétés mécaniques et physiques des composés. De plus, deux types de caoutchouc naturel recyclé ont été utilisés. Le premier est une matière recyclée provenant directement des pneus hors-route (off-the-road, OTR) par réduction de taille et le second est le même matériel ayant subi un procédé de régénération à l’échelle industrielle. Dans chaque cas, trois concentrations de caoutchouc ont été utilisées (20, 35 et 50% en poids) pour comparer avec les propriétés de la matrice seule (0%). Le travail a permis de déterminer l’effet des paramètres de mise en oeuvre comme le temps de chauffage, la température du four, le rapport de vitesse et la taille des particules pour optimiser le procédé rotomoulage. À partir des échantillons obtenus, une caractérisation morphologique (microscopie), physique (densité et dureté) et mécanique (tension, flexion et impact) a été effectuée. Les résultats ont montré que l'augmentation de la concentration en caoutchouc diminuait la rigidité et la résistance mécanique, mais augmentait l'élasticité et la ductilité. Finalement, bien que le mélange à l'état fondu a donné des propriétés légèrement supérieures au mélange à sec, ce dernier est intéressant afin de limiter la dégradation thermo-mécanique et oxydative des matériaux tout en réduisant les coûts et le temps de fabrication.
This project focuses on the production and characterization of thermoplastic elastomers, based on a thermoplastic polymer (low density polyethylene, LDPE) and recycled natural rubber (NR), obtained from ground tire rubber (GTR). The samples were rotomolded by two blending techniques: melt blending by twin-screw extrusion, and dry blending using a high speed mixer to study the effect of shear and thermo-mechanical history on the physical and mechanical properties of the compounds. Also, two types of recycled natural rubber were used in this study. The first one is a recycled material, obtained from off-the-road (OTR) tires after size reduction. On other hand, the second one is the same material which underwent a regeneration process at industrial scale. In each case, three rubber concentrations (20, 35, 50 wt.%) were used to compare with the properties of the neat polymer. In addition, the effect of several parameters such as: heating time, oven temperature, speed ratio of the rotating arms, and particle size is studied to optimize the rotomolding process. Then, from the samples produced, morphological (optical and scanning electron microscopy), physical (density and hardness) and mechanical (tension, flexion and impact) characterizations were performed. Based on the results obtained, it was shown that increasing the rubber concentration led to lower rigidity and mechanical strength, but higher elasticity and ductility. Finally, although the melt blending method provides better properties than the dry blending one, the latter is interesting to limit the thermo-mechanical and oxidative degradation of the materials, as well as reducing the costs and manufacturing time.
This project focuses on the production and characterization of thermoplastic elastomers, based on a thermoplastic polymer (low density polyethylene, LDPE) and recycled natural rubber (NR), obtained from ground tire rubber (GTR). The samples were rotomolded by two blending techniques: melt blending by twin-screw extrusion, and dry blending using a high speed mixer to study the effect of shear and thermo-mechanical history on the physical and mechanical properties of the compounds. Also, two types of recycled natural rubber were used in this study. The first one is a recycled material, obtained from off-the-road (OTR) tires after size reduction. On other hand, the second one is the same material which underwent a regeneration process at industrial scale. In each case, three rubber concentrations (20, 35, 50 wt.%) were used to compare with the properties of the neat polymer. In addition, the effect of several parameters such as: heating time, oven temperature, speed ratio of the rotating arms, and particle size is studied to optimize the rotomolding process. Then, from the samples produced, morphological (optical and scanning electron microscopy), physical (density and hardness) and mechanical (tension, flexion and impact) characterizations were performed. Based on the results obtained, it was shown that increasing the rubber concentration led to lower rigidity and mechanical strength, but higher elasticity and ductility. Finally, although the melt blending method provides better properties than the dry blending one, the latter is interesting to limit the thermo-mechanical and oxidative degradation of the materials, as well as reducing the costs and manufacturing time.
Nguyen, Tran Minh Giao. "Synthèse et caractérisation de poly(isoprène-b-carbonate)s dérivés de polyisoprènes hydroxytéléchéliques." Le Mans, 2003. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2003/2003LEMA1021.pdf.
Full textVerbois, Agnès. "Elaboration d'une nouvelle gamme de matériaux élastomères thermoplastiques par réticulation dynamique (TPE-V) au cours d'une opération d'extrusion." Saint-Etienne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STET4001.
Full textThe aim of this work is to elaborate a new range of thermoplastic elastomer vulcanizates (TPE-V) by reactive extrusion. TPE-V are elaborated by the process of dynamic vulcanization. By definition dynamic vulcanization consists of vulcanizing an elastomer (in major phase) during its melt mixing with a thermoplastic resin (in minor phase), which results in a final morphology of the material TPE-V where the fully vulcanized elastomer is finely dispersed in the thermoplastic matrix. . . [etc. ]
Sahnoune, Farid. "Relations structure - propriétés mécaniques dans des systèmes PEHD/PS et PEHD/CaCO3 modifiés par des agents élastomères : application au recyclage des matières plastiques." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20092.
Full textHenriques, Malta Domingo Savio. "Polymérisation par voie carbocationique contrôlée et vivante, conduite en réacteur "batch", de l'isobutène, du styrène et de l'[alpha]-méthylstyrène : contribution à la synthèse de nouveaux élastomères thermoplastiques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL137N.
Full textThis paper describes the comparative study of the preparation by «living» cationic polymerization reactions of polyisobutylene (PIB), polystyrene (PSt), poly(a-methylstyrene) (PaMeSt) from IMA (incremental monomer addition) and AMI (all monomer in) techniques using the initiating system TiCl/Dicumylmethylether (DiCumOMe) and TiCl4/Cumylmethylether (CumOMe) in the presence of three Lewis bases: ditertbutylpyridine (DtBP), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Experiments were performed with two different solvent mixtures, n-hexanedichloromethane( 60/40 v/v), methylcyclohexane-dichloromethane(60/40 v/v) and a pure solvent 1-chlorobutane in conventionallaboratory conditions using a batch reactor kept under a dry nitrogen atmosphere. The experiments and obtained results were used particularly to achieve by a "living/controlled" process the synthesis of tribloc copolymers
Legrand, Sylvain. "L’isosorbide : Nouvelles voies d’application dans les polyesters thermoplastiques biosourcés." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI010.
Full textThis PhD thesis is about optimization synthesis of new thermoplastic polyesters based on isosorbide. Isosorbide is a rigid diol industrially produced from starch. It leads to polymers with enhanced glass transition temperature (Tg). However, isosorbide is known to have low reactivity and to produce colored polymers. Therefore, synthesis has to be optimized to reach high molar mass polymers with low coloration, especially when the isosorbide amount is high. In the first part, the study was focused on poly(1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene-co-isosorbide terephthalate) (PCIT) synthesis optimization at pilot scale. This polymer is obtained from isosorbide, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) and purified terephthalic acid (PTA). Isosorbide part is set at 40 mol% relative to the total diols amount. Catalysts, temperature and antioxidants are discussed to reach the best compromise between molar mass and color. In the second part, the study was focused on new polyesters where PTA is replaced by another aromatic diacid/diester and CHDM by another alicyclic diol. With this strategy, original properties (thermal, optical, barrier properties) are obtained coupled with increased glass transition temperature given by isosorbide. Syntheses were studied at small scale at first (glass reactor). Depending on thermal properties and difficulties to reach polymers, syntheses were continued at pilot scale, which allows to get the mechanical properties and to start color optimization
Le, Hel Cindy. "Propriétés et morphologies des thermoplastiques vulcanisés (TPV)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSE1239.
Full textThermoplastics vulcanizates (TPVs) are polymer blends with interesting elasticity and processability properties. The objective of this thesis was to study PP/EPDM TPV despite the complexity of their formulations and to understand what influences the elastic recovery property. The first part of this work was focused on the influence of crosslinking chemistry and its statistics on the long-time relaxation mechanisms of crosslinked elastomeric networks. It was found that radical peroxide crosslinking provides better recovery elasticity than phenolic resin one. However, crosslinking chemistry has been seen to not be the first-order parameter that influences this property for TPV. It depends mostly on the formulation and the thermoplastic/elastomer ratio, their influence on the final morphology and compression set have been then studied in a second part. Moreover, the influence of inorganic fillers was also studied in elastomeric systems with the addition of CB or silica or in TPV systems with the addition of CB. It has been seen that the addition of CB in a system crosslinked with peroxides is beneficial for the improvement in mechanical properties: compression set or tensile test. Indeed, the crosslinking density and the compatibility between polymers were improved. Finally, a low-field NMR method has been applied to these systems, in particular with the use of the Double Quanta (DQ) sequence which gives access to the variations of molecular mobilities in the materials with the measurement of a residual dipolar coupling
Larrue, Chloé. "Formulations réactives d'élastomères thermoplastiques pour l'amélioration de leur déformation rémanente après compression." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSE1324.
Full textThe objective of this thesis work is to develop a new material for sealing applications in the automotive industry. For this, it must have both good elastic recovery properties in compression (compression set experiment) and good processability, allowing recycling. To achieve this goal, different crosslinking pathways have been studied. We started by studying an ionic crosslinking, and its combination with a free radical crosslinking on an EPDM-g-AM. This system was subsequently applied to more complex blends, based on an industrial formulation. Secondly, we studied the crosslinking by alkoxysilane way (based on the hydrolysis/condensation reactions of alkoxysilane) on a SEBS/SBS blend. Once again, this type of crosslinking was coupled with radical crosslinking. The results being promising, we finally transposed these results on a larger scale by studying this type of formulations in twin screw extruder
Faucher, Anne-Laure. "Apport de la simulation numérique à la conception des semelages : application à l'injection des semelles en élastomères thermoplastiques et au surmoulage." Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STET4021.
Full textLe, Guillaume. "Amélioration des propriétés choc d'une matrice polyamide-12 par dispersion réactive d'un élastomère liquide." Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN2039.
Full textMahallati, Paridokht. "Optimization of thermoplastic elastomer foams based on PP and recycled rubber." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25551.
Full textThis investigation focuses on the production and characterization of thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) based on polypropylene and recycled vulcanized rubber, as well as their foams. The first part of this study is related to the characterization of polypropylene/recycled ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (PP/r-EPDM) (50/50) blends modified with polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) (0 to 8% wt.). In particular, the effect of feeding order in a twin-screw extruder and blend composition are investigated. From the samples produced via injection molding, a comparison is made based on blend morphology and mechanical properties (impact, tension, and flexion), as well as density and hardness. In the second step of the work, PP/r-EPDM blends are produced through twin-screw extrusion followed by injection molding. In this case, the effect of r-EPDM concentration (up to 65% wt.), feeding order and feeding position along the extruder screw are studied and the blends are compared in terms of morphology and mechanical properties. Finally, the optimum processing conditions obtained in the first two parts are used to produce PP/r-EPDM foams via injection molding. For these samples, the effect of r-EPDM (0 to 65% wt.) and chemical foaming agent (azodicarbonamide) (up to 1.5% wt.) contents, as well as injection conditions (mold temperature (30 and 70 °C) and shot size) are studied with respect to morphology (cell size, cell density, and skin thickness) and mechanical properties (impact, tension, and flexion), as well as density and hardness. The results show that incorporation of r-EPDM leads to a substantial improvement of PP impact strength (up to 329%), while the addition of PP-g-MA as a coupling agent is not necessary in this system due to good adhesion between the PP matrix and dispersed r-EPDM particles. In addition, it is found that the feeding order of each component in the extruder has a direct effect on blend properties. Consequently, feeding the r-EPDM in the first zone and PP in the fourth zone of the extruder leads to smaller r-EPDM particles because of the longer residence time and direct shear/elongational stresses applied on the r-EPDM particles in the first section of the extruder. Finally, the results show that it is more difficult to produce a good foam structure with increasing r-EPDM content.
Marco, Yann. "Fatigue de matériaux hétérogènes et à gradients induits par le procédé ou l'environnement : Caractérisation rapide et dimensionnement des élastomères et thermoplastiques chargés." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00852582.
Full textSoumaré, Sadia. "Conception, synthèse et caractérisation d'élastomères supramoléculaires et photo-modulation des propriétés mécaniques." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6049.
Full textRobard, Pierre. "Développement et implémentation dans le cadre éléments finis de modèles de comportement adaptés aux matériaux thermoplastiques élastomères en vue de la fatigue des structures." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECDN0051.
Full textThis thesis, carried out in collaboration with Trelleborg Boots, aims to study the fatigue behaviour of bellows used to protect the cardan joints of motor vehicle front axles. During use, this grease-containing part is subject to fatigue stresses. It evolves in large transformation under extreme conditions between temperatures of -40 to 140°C. The materials used are Thermo Plastics Elastomers. The objective of the thesis is to determine a fatigue criterion to predict the life span of bellows. Damageable elastoplastic behaviour models with and without viscosity are available for finite element analysis. Mechanical fatigue tests were carried out. They made it possible to build a Wöhler curve. The ageing of the material due to grease has been studied through the evolution of its mechanical properties. Rapid self-heating tests have been proposed to determine the endurance limit of the TPE-E. A new indicator has been proposed to determine the endurance limit of TPE-E
Alioui, Samy. "Synthesis and characterization of new thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) based on olefins and conjugated dienes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO10173.
Full textMacromolecular engineering synthesis and applications of block copolymers (BCPs) is a central theme in polymer chemistry. Polyolefins (POs) being the largest class of thermoplastics, PO-based block copolymers have attracted considerable interest from both academic and industrial researchers to gain access to high performance materials. Although several multi-step strategies have been developed for the synthesis of PO-based BCPs, single-step processes using the most available monomers, such as ethylene, are most desirable. One of the first approaches to obtain olefin-based block copolymers (OBCs) in a single step by coordination polymerization was the use of living polymerization techniques. However, the limitation of these strategies is that only one chain per active metal is produced, resulting in a high cost that severely hinders any scale-up or industrial application. This limitation can be overcome by coordinative chain transfer polymerization (CCTP), in which the catalyst is combined with an organometallic chain transfer agent from the main group (MgR2, AlR3) or zinc (ZnR2). The work in my thesis is part of the development of an original route to PO-based block copolymers, namely the switch from anionic polymerization to CCTP. The strategy is based on the in situ preparation of a magnesium-based macromolecular chain transfer agent (macro-CTA). The latter is obtained by anionic polymerization of a conjugated diene and/or a styrenic monomer, followed by a transmetallation reaction of the polymer chains from lithium to magnesium. The resulting macro-CTA is then directly combined with an Nd metallocene complex to form one or more PO segments by CCTP in the same reactor. Based on our previous developments in the synthesis of poly(ethylene-co-butadiene) elastomers, called ethylene-butadiene rubber (EBR) by CCTP, a series of A-B-C triblock copolymers with a glassy A block (hard block), an EBR-type B block (soft block) and a semi-crystalline C block (hard block) has been prepared. The tensile, thermo-mechanical and rheological properties of these copolymers, as well as their structuring, were studied in detail. Mechanical characterization revealed excellent elasticity and elastic recovery properties
Dronet, Séverin. "Matériaux nanostructurés obtenus par combinaison de polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée et de mélangeage réactif." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00430883.
Full textRamezani, Kakroodi Adel. "Production and characterization of thermoplastic elastomers based on recycled rubber." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30327/30327.pdf.
Full textThis Ph.D. work is devoted to the production and characterization of polymer compounds based on thermoplastic matrix filled with waste rubber powder. The main applications include: (A) the production of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) resins containing high ground tire rubber (GTR) contents (50% and higher), and (B) impact modification of thermoplastic composites using low concentrations of GTR. In the first part of the work, maleated polyethylene (MAPE) is proposed as a matrix to produce MAPE/GTR blends having excellent characteristics as thermoplastic elastomers. Then, the effects of different degradation mechanisms (weathering, thermal degradation and reprocessing) on the properties of MAPE/GTR compounds were extensively investigated to determine their potential for further recycling. Finally, the reinforcement of GTR filled TPE was investigated using different types of solid particles (wood flour and talc) for more demanding applications (mechanical characteristics). In the second part of the work, a new approach is proposed for impact modification of polypropylene based composites based on organic (hemp) and inorganic (talc and glass) reinforcements. The effective improvement of the impact properties of these composites is performed through the addition of a masterbatch based on maleated polypropylene (MAPP)/waste rubber powder (GTR or waste EPDM) containing high concentrations (70% by weight) of waste rubber.
Gaston, Amélie. "Développement d'une élastomère thermoplastique constitutif d'assemblages composites hates performances." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI153.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is the development of an elastomer material able to constitute the junction of two thermoplastic elastomers pieces and to absorb the deformations on these two parts. Various thermoplastic elastomers were identified and there thermomechanical behaviour was studied and compared to the thermoset elastomer presently used. Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) appeared as suitable matches? Their chemical structure, microstructure were studied as well as their mechanical properties in tensile strength and their behaviour toward multiple solicitations that highlights the Mullins effect. The Mullins Effect allows the quantification of irreversible plastic deformations which are induced by the thermoplasticity of the studied materials. It was observed that the irreversible deformations are close to the one of ther thermoset elastomer. We also focused on the existing link between the thermal and mechanical final properties at different scales, (from the molecular level to the macroscopic scale). In fact, the TPU are nanostructured materials that can contain pseudo-crystallinity and nano-phase separation that migth evolve with thermal history. This way, we tried to establish a link between the multi-scaled structure of the materials, it's processing and the resulting physical properties. Various strategies were explored to optimize the thermomechanical behaviour, either by adding nano/micro fillers or by the addition ok small amounts of ionic liquids in the polymer matrix
Macsiniuc, Adrian. "Effet de la taille des particules sur la régénération des poudrettes de caoutchouc vulcanisé." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30249/30249.pdf.
Full textLouati, Maroua. "Etude multi-échelle de films minces photomécaniques basés sur l’assemblage supramoléculaire de photochromes bistables et d’élastomère thermoplastique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R050.
Full textAn increasing attention has been paid to photo-deformable polymeric materials that can convert light energy into mechanical energy without contact or electrical wires, using photo-responsive molecules. Dithienylethenes known for their thermal stability and their fatigue resistance are one of the most studied compounds that exhibit photomechanical response. Upon alternating irradiation with UV and visible light, a variation of the molecular volume occurs between open- and close-ring of the molecules during the photochromic reaction (carbon-carbon electrocyclization) which induces photomechanical motions. In order to develop a light-driven polymer actuator, we investigate a novel system based on the mixture of a derivative dithienylethenes (ureidopyrimidinone-functionalized dithienylethenes denoted DTE-UPy) and a thermoplastic elastomer (ureidopyrimidinone -functionalized poly(ethylene-co-butylene) denoted PEB-UPy). In solution, the DTE-UPy/PEB-UPy system leads to a supramolecular assembly where the subunits are connected to each other via quadrupole hydrogen bonding. The thin films are elaborated using different techniques such as drop casting or melt molding. Under illumination, a photomechanical response of the film is observed. The objective of this study is to establish a correlation between the photophysical, structural, morphological and mechanical properties responsible for the drastic micro- and macroscopic deformations
Louati, Maroua. "Etude multi-échelle de films minces photomécaniques basés sur l’assemblage supramoléculaire de photochromes bistables et d’élastomère thermoplastique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LILUR050.
Full textAn increasing attention has been paid to photo-deformable polymeric materials that can convert light energy into mechanical energy without contact or electrical wires, using photo-responsive molecules. Dithienylethenes known for their thermal stability and their fatigue resistance are one of the most studied compounds that exhibit photomechanical response. Upon alternating irradiation with UV and visible light, a variation of the molecular volume occurs between open- and close-ring of the molecules during the photochromic reaction (carbon-carbon electrocyclization) which induces photomechanical motions. In order to develop a light-driven polymer actuator, we investigate a novel system based on the mixture of a derivative dithienylethenes (ureidopyrimidinone-functionalized dithienylethenes denoted DTE-UPy) and a thermoplastic elastomer (ureidopyrimidinone -functionalized poly(ethylene-co-butylene) denoted PEB-UPy). In solution, the DTE-UPy/PEB-UPy system leads to a supramolecular assembly where the subunits are connected to each other via quadrupole hydrogen bonding. The thin films are elaborated using different techniques such as drop casting or melt molding. Under illumination, a photomechanical response of the film is observed. The objective of this study is to establish a correlation between the photophysical, structural, morphological and mechanical properties responsible for the drastic micro- and macroscopic deformations
Ou, Huibin. "Modélisation multi-physiques et simulations numériques du moulage par injection mono et bi matières thermoplastique / silicone liquide." Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA2001/document.
Full textThe family of high technology silicone elastomers LSR (Liquid Silicone Rubber) is identified as having the strongest arguments for development in the coming decades due to their unique properties and easy forming in large series. In particular, the injection molding of LSR on other materials such as thermoplastics or metals is possible today, which opens the possibility of obtaining multi-material, multi-color and new features components. The work presented in this thesis focuses on the transformation of silicone elastomers in order to better understand the phenomena involved, as to improve production processes and optimize processing conditions for mono or bi-material components in geometry and property functional well defined. The rheological, curing kinetic and thermal behaviors of silicone elastomers have been studied and characterized under real conditions of production by different methods combined. A thermo-rheo-kinetic model was then developed and implemented in commercial computer software Cadmould® to simulate the injection molding process of LSR or the overmolding process of LSR on to thermoplastics. For the validation of the models chosen and the parameters identified, the injection molding tests on industrial instrumented tools were performed and compared to numerical results. Finally, the characterization of interfacial adhesion between the thermoplastic and silicone elastomers was carried out under various adhesion tests. Moreover, the evolution of interfacial adhesion in thermoplastic/silicone components during the vulcanization of silicone elastomers has been characterized by the tensile test using a rotating rheometer in different heating cycles
Kandasamy, Vasantha W. B. "Photoxydation et photostabilisation d'un élastomère thermoplastique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213360.
Full textNebouy, Matthias. "Nanostructuration, reinforcement in the rubbery state and flow properties at high shear strain of thermoplastic elastomers : Experiments and modeling." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI135.
Full textThermoplastic elastomers, made of segmented block copolymers forming phase-separated domains (hard/soft) are widely used in the industry for various applications (car dashboards, cable sheathing or even bitumen modifiers). However, the empirical approach often used consisting in modifying the chain composition and looking at the consequences on the final properties lacks of understanding and the structure-properties relationships remain elusive nowadays. The main objective of this thesis is to bring new insights on the following points. What are the effects of the chain architecture and processing conditions on the crystallization kinetics and resulting morphology? Can we explain the reinforcement effect in these materials from the knowledge of their particular structure? How does the flow-induced crystallization influence the rheological properties? To answer these questions, we propose to combine an experimental study, based on structural and rheological characterizations of multiblock copolymers (polybutylene terephthalate – polytetrahydrofuran), with a numerical approach consisting in the development of a coarse-grained model for molecular dynamic simulations. This work led to the following main results. First, it was shown that the multiphasic structure, resulting from a bimodal crystallization whose kinetics is essentially controlled by the soft segment’s length, highly depends on the processing conditions, leading to more ordered structures when the chain mobility is higher. Then, the topological analysis of the semicrystalline network enabled to identify two key parameters to predict the evolution of the plateau modulus: volume fraction and width of the crystallites. Finally, the evolution of the flow properties under flow-induced crystallization was described thanks to the elaboration of a rheological model based on the slowdown of the chains dynamics
Pibre, Guillaume. "Polymérisation du décaméthylcyclopentasiloxane à l’aide de superbases : vers une nouvelle voie de synthèse des copolymères à blocs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10182.
Full textNowadays the development of performing new materials using an environmental friendly route is a challenge. To produce hard-soft block copolymers based on a high polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) content using reactive extrusion process is a milestone to reach thermoplastic elastomers. Because of the low reactivity of high molecular weight macromolecule chain ends an original route is described. It consists in the synthesis of copolymers containing low central PDMS and then increasing the molecular weight of this central part. This crucial step is performed using phosphazene bases as polymerization agents of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). Firstly, the polymerization of D5 by phosphazene bases has been investigated by chemiorheological means. To define intrinsic data of this reaction allows modelling the viscosity change during the chemical reaction. Thus, it is observed this polymerization system is compatible with reactive extrusion. Secondly, we investigate the hypothesis of increasing the molecular weight of a short central PDMS part in a triblock copolymer by D5 insertion using the catalysis system previously described. Naphtyl end-chain functionalized PDMS was used as a model. So we confirmed this route as an interesting one to achieve the targeted macromolecular architectures. Finally, we tried to produce poly(styrene-b-dimethylsiloxane-b-styrene) through this way. In this case, early investigations are not so convincing. This may come from the experimental device used. This last observation stresses out the great potential of extrusion process to implement such a route to reach thermoplastic elastomers based on high polysiloxane content
Ayoub, Georges. "Comportement en grandes déformations et fatigue des polymères : modélisation constitutive et prédiction de la durée de vie en fatigue." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10076/document.
Full textTwo representative polymers are studied in this thesis: a semi-crystalline thermoplastic (polyethylene) and an elastomer (styrene-butadiene rubber SBR).A physically-based hyperelastic-viscoplastic model integrating the crystallinity effects is proposed to describe the mechanical behavior under large deformation of polyethylene. The capabilities of the proposed model to reproduce the mechanical behavior of typical thermoplastic (viscoplastic-hyperelastic) to the mechanical behavior more typical of elastomers (visco-hyperelastic) are demonstrated. The proposed model is modified by incorporating a non-linear viscous component to capture the mechanical behavior of polyethylene under cyclic loading. To describe the damage process under multiaxial cyclic loading of SBR, two complementary approaches have been used. The first one, based on the network alteration theory, allows describing the stress-softening until failure. The comparison between the proposed model and experimental results obtained under uniaxial cyclic loading highlighted the relevance of such approach. The second one, based on the continuum damage mechanics theory, aims to predict the multiaxial fatigue life under complex loadings of rubber-like materials. In this approach, the damage variable is derived from the cracking energy density. After identifying the damage parameters using uniaxial fatigue data, the predictive capabilities of the proposed model are highlighted under multiaxial loadings, combining tension and torsion tests
Pibre, Guillaume. "Polymérisation du décaméthylcyclopentasiloxane à l’aide de superbases : vers une nouvelle voie de synthèse des copolymères à blocs." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10182/document.
Full textNowadays the development of performing new materials using an environmental friendly route is a challenge. To produce hard-soft block copolymers based on a high polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) content using reactive extrusion process is a milestone to reach thermoplastic elastomers. Because of the low reactivity of high molecular weight macromolecule chain ends an original route is described. It consists in the synthesis of copolymers containing low central PDMS and then increasing the molecular weight of this central part. This crucial step is performed using phosphazene bases as polymerization agents of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). Firstly, the polymerization of D5 by phosphazene bases has been investigated by chemiorheological means. To define intrinsic data of this reaction allows modelling the viscosity change during the chemical reaction. Thus, it is observed this polymerization system is compatible with reactive extrusion. Secondly, we investigate the hypothesis of increasing the molecular weight of a short central PDMS part in a triblock copolymer by D5 insertion using the catalysis system previously described. Naphtyl end-chain functionalized PDMS was used as a model. So we confirmed this route as an interesting one to achieve the targeted macromolecular architectures. Finally, we tried to produce poly(styrene-b-dimethylsiloxane-b-styrene) through this way. In this case, early investigations are not so convincing. This may come from the experimental device used. This last observation stresses out the great potential of extrusion process to implement such a route to reach thermoplastic elastomers based on high polysiloxane content
Robeyns, Constance. "Elastomères silicones formulés pour l'amortissement." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI033.
Full textThis PhD work aimed at improving the damping properties of silicones materials, and more specifically at highlithing the relationships between the structure of additives in a silicone base and the morphology of the blends, as well as their crosslink density and mechanical and dynamical properties. A preliminary literature survey allowed selecting two types of additives for further formulation: thermoplastic elastomers (TPS) and silicone resins. The mechanical properties of commercial or hand-made TPS, alone or blended with a silicone base, were compared according to the structure of the TPS or its content in the blend. Hypotheses were made about the structure-properties relationships of the different TPS tested, and these hypotheses were confirmed or rejected with the help of literature. The role played by the peroxide type or content was also investigated. It appeared that poly(silicone-urea) copolymers containing non-symmetrical hard segments display better damping properties, especially when they blended at a sufficient content in the silicone base. Blends of silicone base and original silicone-amide copolymers showed lower damping properties but at lower temperature. The damping properties were enhanced when using peroxides that led to a low crosslink density. The second route relates to silicone resins, and more specifically MQ or MQQOH resins. First of all, an inventory of the different structures of silicones resins, as well as their synthesis methods, available in literature was carried out. Next, several blends were prepared by varying the structure or the content of silicone resins, and their influence on the crosslink density or mechanical properties of the final materials was investigated. Some resins were modified in order to validate or reject some hypotheses, such as the influence of the hydroxyl content in the resins or the molar mass. Among the main parameters to obtain damping silicone materials, the crosslink density, influenced by the resin content, plays a major role in the dynamic properties of the crosslinked material
Fauvre, Lucile. "Élaboration d'élastomères silicones supramoléculaires auto-cicatrisants." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI119.
Full textThis PhD thesis focused on the investigation of supramolecular materials in order to generate new self-healing supramolecular silicone elastomers. Firstly, a literature review on silicone materials was realized and we identified the different ways developed in the silicone domain that imply supramolecular chemistry and in particular hydrogen-bonds. The influence of associating groups on rheological and mechanical properties of these materials was discussed, and the restrictions of such systems were highlighted. The chemistry developed by Dr. Leibler and co-workers, later adapted to silicones by Pr Zhang and his team, was deeply investigated during our comprehension study. Relationships between structure and properties were nonetheless not fully elucidated in these studies. Model reactions involving telechelic amino-PDMS and urea were then carried out. The thorough characterization of the final structure of the reaction products highlighted few correlations between structural parameters (choice of the type of associating group, molecular weight of copolymer, functionality) and properties (rheological and mechanical) that had not been demonstrated yet for these systems. We showed that, among others, the strength of the associating groups as well as the entanglements play a fundamental role. A different chemistry, inspired by Yilgör and co-workers’ studies on segmented copolymers, was later considered by carrying out an aza-Michael reaction. This synthesis differs from the previous one by its better control of the final macromolecular structure. A supramolecular silicone elastomer with self-healing abilities was obtained by combining a large functionality together with a high final molecular weight. Mechanical properties of this material were further enhanced through the addition of more or less reinforcing fillers. The influence of such reinforcement on self-healing capacity of this system was discussed
Xia, Zhen an. "Etude de la réticulation de nodules d’élastomère en phase dispersée dans une matrice thermoplastique par extrusion réactive." Saint-Etienne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STET4007.
Full textA new approach to the preparation of polycaprolactone with unsaturated group by reactive extrusion was provided. In this thesis, the alcohol with unsaturated double bond group was used to modify titanium tetrapropoxide to get a functional initiator, from that the formed polycaprolactone has double bond as its end group. The titanium alkoxides with double bond group is suitable to initiate the quick ring-opening polymerisation (ROP) of caprolactone, the formed polymer normally has four arms, the central is titanium. This four arms structure is easily hydrolyzed into 4 single arms by trace water. The degree of the polymerization (DPn) of the polymer is depending on the ratio CL/titanium alkoxides. When the polymerization of the CL initiated by functional titanium alkoxides and polymerization of acrylate carry out together, the reactions will get crosslinked gels. This proves that the double bond on the end of the PCL is participated in the radical copolymerization with acrylate. It is suitable to realize these different reactions in twin-screw extruder. The double bonds were keeping unchanged (without radical initiator) after reactive extrusion. The DPn of the PCL also was controlled by composition ratio. The reactive extrusion of copolymerization of CL and acrylate were carried out in thermoplastic matrix PMMA. The reduced average residence time is controlled by flow of the high viscosity matrix
Mani, Skander. "Aspects fondamentaux du contrôle de la réticulation radicalaire des élastomères PDMS à hautes températures." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839605.
Full textOdarchenko, Yaroslav. "Tailoring the mesoscopic structure and orientation of semicrystalline and liquid-crystalline polymers : from 1D- to 2D-confinement." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01062091.
Full textCrohare, Adeline. "Mélanges de polymères thermoplastiques, compatibilisés par des liquides ioniques, pour le développement de multifilaments." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI029.
Full textThis work highlights the role of ionic liquids (ILs) as compatibilizers in immiscible polymer blends to increase the springback of polyamide or polyester multiyarns due to the presence of elastomeric nodules. The influence of ionic liquid nature on the morphology of PA66/rubber and PET/rubber blends and on thermal, rheological and mechanical properties has been investigated. The incorporation of only 1 wt% of ionic liquids leads to a decrease of interfacial tension between the polymers. The morphology of blends can be tuned by the chemical nature of ionic liquids to reduce largely the nodule size of the dispersed phase and/or to generate fibrillar shape morphology. The reduction of particles size leads to an improvement of mechanical properties with an increase of elongation at break and the same stiffness. Moreover the incorporation of IL has no effect on the viscosity of blends. Several formulations could be spun and prototypes of fabric and tennis racket strings could be made with multiyarns