Bibliographies: 'Elastomers. Nanostructured materials. Vegetable oils'

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Zeimaran, Ehsan, Sobhan Bahraeian, Taravat Ghanbari, Sara Pourshahrestani, and Hussin Mohd Nor. "Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Elastomers from Polyacids Composed of Vegetable Oils." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.505.

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Supramolecular elastomers were synthesized using vegetable oil materials namely palm acid oil (PAO) and sunflower oil (SFO). The oils were first epoxidized using formic acid and hydrogen peroxide. The epoxidized oils and adipic acid were then reacted to make polyacids, mainly triacid. Finally, diethylenetriamine (DETA) was added to polyacid to yield fatty amide and a polycondensation with urea performed to achieve the desired elastomers. The synthesized materials were characterized by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA) in order to determine structure, type of bonding and thermal stability. The spectrums revealed that the synthesized fatty amides are contained amide groups that correctly formed from reaction of amine groups of DETA and acid functionality of polyacids. Moreover, the resulted structures showed the formation of multiple hydrogen-bonding in the elastomers. TGA thermograms clearly indicated good thermal stability of the elastomers to 500 °C.

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Petrović, Zoran S., Mihail Ionescu, Jelena Milić, and James R. Halladay. "SOYBEAN OIL PLASTICIZERS AS REPLACEMENT OF PETROLEUM OIL IN RUBBER." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 86, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 233–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.13.87992.

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ABSTRACT Polymerized soybean oils of different molecular weights were used as plasticizers in NR/SBR compositions. The oils of different molecular weights and viscosities were synthesized by cationic polymerization using a proprietary technology. Because vegetable oils have double bonds, they are not only viscosity depressants but also active participants in cross-linking reactions. Properties of elastomers extended with different concentrations of mineral oil or pure soybean oil were compared with elastomers extended by polymerized oils of different molecular weights at the same concentrations. It was found that polymerized soybean oil could be substituted for naphthenic process oil with minimal differences in mechanical and dynamic properties.

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Niculae, Gabriela, Ioana Lacatusu, Nicoleta Badea, Aurelia Meghea, and Raluca Stan. "Influence of vegetable oil on the synthesis of bioactive nanocarriers with broad spectrum photoprotection." Open Chemistry 12, no. 8 (August 1, 2014): 837–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-014-0503-9.

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AbstractDue to their unique features, most nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) in association with vegetable oils that exhibit UV filtering properties and bioactivity could be used in many cosmetic formulations. Therefore, in this work, a new application of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) in the cosmetic sector was developed, based on the synthesis of bioactive lipid nanocarriers loaded with various UV filters by the hot high pressure homogenization technique. To get broad spectrum photoprotection, different UVA and UVB filters have been used (Avobenzone — AVO, Octocrylen-OCT, Bemotrizinol — BEMT). The influence of the solid lipids combined with PSO on the particle size, physical stability and entrapment efficiency was investigated using 8 nanocarrier systems. An improved physical stability and an appropriate size were obtained for NLCs prepared with Emulgade, carnauba wax and PSO (e.g. −30.9÷-36.9 mV and 160÷185 nm). NLCs showed an entrapment efficiency above 90% and assured slow release rates of UV filters, especially for BEMT (5%). The developed nanocarriers have been formulated into safe and effective sunscreens containing low amounts of synthetic UV filters coupled with a high percent of natural ingredients. The highest SPF of 34.3 was obtained for a cream comprising of 11% PSO and 3.7% BEMT

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4

Ribeiro, Lígia Nunes de Morais, Eneida de Paula, Daise Aparecida Rossi, Flávia Alves Martins, Roberta Torres de Melo, Guilherme Paz Monteiro, Márcia Cristina Breitkreitz, Luiz Ricardo Goulart, and Belchiolina Beatriz Fonseca. "Nanocarriers From Natural Lipids With In Vitro Activity Against Campylobacter jejuni." Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 10 (January 8, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.571040.

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Campylobacter jejuni (CJ) is the most prevalent zoonotic pathogen of chicken meat and related products, which may lead to gastroenteritis and autoimmune diseases in humans. Although controlling this bacterium is important, CJ strains resistance against traditional antibiotic therapy has been increased. Vegetable oils and fats are natural biomaterials explored since the Ancient times, due to their therapeutic properties. Nanotechnology has promoted the miniaturization of materials, improving bioavailability and efficacy, while reducing the toxicity of loaded active molecules. In this work, a screening of 28 vegetable oils was firstly performed, in order to select anti-CJ candidates by the disc diffusion test. Thus, the selected liquid lipids were used as active molecules in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) formulations. The three resultant systems were characterized in terms of particle size (~200 nm), polydispersity index (~0.15), and zeta potential (~-35mV), and its physicochemical stability was confirmed for a year, at 25°C. The structural properties of NLC were assessed by infrared (FTIR-ATR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses. The spherical nanoparticle morphology and narrow size distribution was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning electron (FE-SEM) analyses, respectively. Then, the in vitro antimicrobial activity test determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each formulation against CJ strains, in both free (1–3 mg/ml−1) and sessile (0.78 mg/ml−1) forms. Finally, the in vitro biocompatibility of NLC was demonstrated through cell viability using VERO cell line, in which F6 was found twice less cytotoxic than pure olibanum oil. Considering the abovementioned achieved, F6 formulation is able to be evaluated in the in vivo anti-CJ efficacy assays.

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5

Ribeiro, Lígia Nunes de Morais, Eneida de Paula, Daise Aparecida Rossi, Flávia Alves Martins, Roberta Torres de Melo, Guilherme Paz Monteiro, Márcia Cristina Breitkreitz, Luiz Ricardo Goulart, and Belchiolina Beatriz Fonseca. "Nanocarriers From Natural Lipids With In Vitro Activity Against Campylobacter jejuni." Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 10 (January 8, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.571040.

Full text

Abstract:

Campylobacter jejuni (CJ) is the most prevalent zoonotic pathogen of chicken meat and related products, which may lead to gastroenteritis and autoimmune diseases in humans. Although controlling this bacterium is important, CJ strains resistance against traditional antibiotic therapy has been increased. Vegetable oils and fats are natural biomaterials explored since the Ancient times, due to their therapeutic properties. Nanotechnology has promoted the miniaturization of materials, improving bioavailability and efficacy, while reducing the toxicity of loaded active molecules. In this work, a screening of 28 vegetable oils was firstly performed, in order to select anti-CJ candidates by the disc diffusion test. Thus, the selected liquid lipids were used as active molecules in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) formulations. The three resultant systems were characterized in terms of particle size (~200 nm), polydispersity index (~0.15), and zeta potential (~-35mV), and its physicochemical stability was confirmed for a year, at 25°C. The structural properties of NLC were assessed by infrared (FTIR-ATR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses. The spherical nanoparticle morphology and narrow size distribution was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning electron (FE-SEM) analyses, respectively. Then, the in vitro antimicrobial activity test determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each formulation against CJ strains, in both free (1–3 mg/ml−1) and sessile (0.78 mg/ml−1) forms. Finally, the in vitro biocompatibility of NLC was demonstrated through cell viability using VERO cell line, in which F6 was found twice less cytotoxic than pure olibanum oil. Considering the abovementioned achieved, F6 formulation is able to be evaluated in the in vivo anti-CJ efficacy assays.

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