Academic literature on the topic 'Elbow debate'
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Journal articles on the topic "Elbow debate"
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Ginja, Mário, Bruno Colaço, and Sofia Alves-Pimenta. "Role of Elbow Incongruity in Canine Elbow Dysplasia: Advances in Diagnostics and Biomechanics." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 32, no. 02 (2019): 087–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1677513.
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Elbow incongruity plays an important role in the development of elbow dysplasia and its diagnosis can be challenging. The objectives of this systematic review were to discuss elbow biomechanics and recent advances in the assessment of incongruity, to revise the diagnostic protocols suggested, debate advantages and disadvantages of measurements proposed to characterize the joint and improve screening.In spite of advances in the understanding of elbow incongruity, the exact mechanisms involved are not fully elucidated. The elbow is a complex joint and structures in contact differ in different phases of the gait cycle. Advances in the biomechanical field allowed new discoveries and a physiological type of incongruity was described. The next challenge is to unravel the dynamic incongruity. Radiology and computed tomography (CT) are nowadays the imaging tools more applied in clinical practice to quantify incongruity. But a CT standardized screening protocol is required. Most reported findings of incongruity were increased articular joint spaces. The proximity of joint structures and standardization of elbow positioning are identified as the main obstacles to a good interpretation. This review serves to highlight controversy between physiological types of cartilage covering described and pathological changes reported in arthroscopic studies. Radioulnar incongruity was reported more often than humeroulnar incongruity, yet prevalence studies are lacking. Sensitive and reproducible methodologies are in development, which seem primordial to assess the phenotypic heterogeneity.
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Bexkens, Rens, Kim I. M. van den Ende, Paul T. Ogink, Christiaan J. A. van Bergen, Michel P. J. van den Bekerom, and Denise Eygendaal. "Clinical Outcome After Arthroscopic Debridement and Microfracture for Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Capitellum." American Journal of Sports Medicine 45, no. 10 (2017): 2312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546517704842.
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Background: Various surgical treatment techniques have been developed to treat capitellar osteochondritis dissecans; however, the optimal technique remains the subject of ongoing debate. Purpose: To evaluate clinical outcomes after arthroscopic debridement and microfracture for advanced capitellar osteochondritis dissecans. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Between 2008 and 2015, the authors followed 77 consecutive patients (81 elbows) who underwent arthroscopic debridement and microfracture, and loose body removal if needed, for advanced capitellar osteochondritis dissecans. Seventy-one patients (75 elbows) with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were included. The mean age was 16 years (SD, ±3.3 years; range, 11-26 years) and the mean follow-up length was 3.5 years (SD, ±1.9 years; range, 1-8.2 years). Based on CT and/or MRI results, 71 lesions were classified as unstable and 4 as stable. Clinical elbow outcome (pain, function, and social-psychological effect) was assessed using the Oxford Elbow Score (OES) at final follow-up (OES range, 0-48). Range of motion and return to sports were recorded. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of postoperative OES. Results: Intraoperatively, there were 3 grade 1 lesions, 2 grade 2 lesions, 10 grade 3 lesions, 1 grade 4 lesion, and 59 grade 5 lesions. The mean postoperative OES was 40.8 (SD, ±8.0). An open capitellar physis was a predictor of better elbow outcome (5.8-point increase; P = .025), as well as loose body removal/grade 4-5 lesions (6.9-point increase; P = .0020) and shorter duration of preoperative symptoms (1.4-point increase per year; P = .029). Flexion slightly improved from 134° to 139° ( P < .001); extension deficit slightly improved from 8° to 3° ( P < .001). Pronation ( P = .47) and supination did not improve ( P = .065). Thirty-seven patients (55%) returned to their primary sport at the same level, and 5 patients (7%) returned to a lower level. Seventeen patients (25%) did not return to sport due to elbow-related symptoms, and 10 patients (13%) did not return due to non–elbow-related reasons. No complications were recorded. Conclusion: Arthroscopic debridement and microfracture for advanced capitellar osteochondritis dissecans provide good clinical results, especially in patients with open growth plate, loose body removal, and shorter duration of symptoms. However, only 62% of patients in this study returned to sports.
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Yardimci, Nilgul, Ozlem Cemeroglu, Eda Ozturk, et al. "Median and Ulnar Neuropathy Assessment in Parkinson’s Disease regarding Symptom Severity and Asymmetry." Parkinson's Disease 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4958068.
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Background. While increasing evidence suggests comorbidity of peripheral neuropathy (PNP) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), the pathogenesis of PNP in PD is still a debate. The aim of this article is to search the core PD symptoms such as rigidity and tremor as contributing factors to mononeuropathy development while emphasizing each individual patient’s asymmetric symptom severity.Methods. We studied 62 wrists and 62 elbows of 31 patients (mean age66.48±10.67) and 64 wrists and 64 elbows of 32 age-gender matched healthy controls (mean age62.03±10.40,p=0.145). The Hoehn and Yahr disability scale and Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rated Scale were used to determine the severity of the disease.Results. According to electrodiagnostic criteria, we confirmed median neuropathy in 16.12% (bilateral in two-thirds of the patients) and ulnar neuropathy in 3.22% of the PD group. While mean age (p=0.003), age at PD onset (p=0.019), and H&Y scores (p=0.016) were significant, tremor and rigidity scores were not. The comparison of the mean indices of electrophysiologic parameters indicated subclinical median and ulnar nerve demyelination both at the wrist and at the elbow in the patient groups where a longer disease duration and mild tremor and rigidity scores are prominent, remarkably.Conclusion. A disease related peripheral neurodegeneration beyond symptom severity occurs in PD.
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Katz, Richard T. "Ulnar Neuropathy at the Elbow Due to Repetition: Myth or Reality?" Guides Newsletter 11, no. 5 (2006): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2006.sepoct01.
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Abstract Repetitive strain injury (RSI), also known as cumulative trauma disorder, implies that an injury exists and was caused by repetitive strain, but both implications are debatable. Ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE), also known as cubital tunnel syndrome, is the second most common upper extremity compression neuropathy (after carpal tunnel syndrome). This article examines one particular aspect of the RSI debate: Is there scientific evidence to support a causal relationship between UNE and repetitive elbow flexion and extension in the workplace? The authors extensively searched published articles, books, and federal task force publications to look for evidence supporting a causal relationship between UNE and RSI. This included a literature review followed by a study of pertinent review articles, bibliographies, national task force reports related to musculoskeletal problems in the workplace, and relevant case reports. In brief, after extensive searches the authors found no credible medical literature to support a causal relationship between RSI and UNE. Case reports and cadaver studies provide tenuous support for causation of UNE by high-force activities such as pitching in baseball. The only prospective study that systematically assessed any causal relationship between RSI and UNE showed there is none. This article includes a three-page Feature Companion, “Rating Guidance: Ulnar Neuropathy,” that identifies common errors and provides an example rating report.
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Wulf, Corey A., Rebecca M. Stone, M. Russell Giveans, and Gregory N. Lervick. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging After Arthroscopic Microfracture of Capitellar Osteochondritis Dissecans." American Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 11 (2012): 2549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546512458765.
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Background: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the capitellum affects young athletes involved in elbow load-bearing activities. Unstable lesions are best managed surgically, although debate remains regarding the optimal method. Arthroscopic treatment allows rapid recovery, but the effect on the articular surface is undetermined. Hypothesis: The clinical outcome after arthroscopic microfracture of stage III/IV capitellum OCD would be successful in terms of return to sport and restoration of function, and there would be some evidence of articular restoration or repair. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We reviewed records of 10 consecutive adolescent patients (age ≤18 years) with stage III or IV OCD lesions of the capitellum managed with arthroscopic microfracture. The mean age at the time of surgery was 13.9 years (range, 10.8-18.5 years); 7 patients were skeletally immature and 3 were skeletally mature. Pre- and postoperative functional assessment included active range of motion, Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), and Timmerman/Andrews elbow score. All patients underwent plain radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation at a minimum of 12 months (mean, 27 months; range, 12-49 months) and clinical evaluation at a minimum of 24 months (mean, 42 months; range, 27-54 months) after surgery. Results: The mean range of motion improved in both flexion (135.8°→140.7°, P = .112) and extension (20.4°→–2.2°, P = .005). The mean MEPS (70.5→97, P = .007) and Timmerman/Andrews elbow scores (116.4→193.0, P = .008) improved significantly. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation demonstrated an improvement in overall joint congruence and the formation of a reparative articular surface in 8 of 10 (80%) patients. No reoperations or major complications were encountered. Six of 8 patients involved in competitive athletics returned to the same level of participation at an average of 5.1 months. Conclusion: Arthroscopic OCD fragment excision and capitellar microfracture demonstrates good to excellent functional results in short-term follow-up. Follow-up MRI suggests potential for a reparative fibrocartilaginous articular surface. Longer term follow-up is necessary to determine durability of the technique.
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Schwartz, J. Brian. "Fear of Narrative: Revisiting the Bartholomae-Elbow Debate through the Figure of the Writing Teacher in Contemporary American Fiction." Rhetoric Review 26, no. 4 (2007): 425–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350190701577934.
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Andrisevic, Emily, Marshall Taniguchi, Michael D. Partington, Julie Agel, and Ann E. Van Heest. "Neurolysis alone as the treatment for neuroma-in-continuity with more than 50% conduction in infants with upper trunk brachial plexus birth palsy." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 13, no. 2 (2014): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.10.peds1345.
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Object The debate addressed in this article is that of surgical treatment methods for a neuroma-in-continuity. The authors of this study chose to test the hypothesis that more severe nerve injuries, as distinguished by < 50% conduction across a neuroma-in-continuity, could be treated with neuroma resection and grafting, whereas less severe nerve injuries, with > 50% conduction across the neuroma, could be treated with neurolysis alone. Methods The goal of this study was to compare preoperative and postoperative Active Movement Scale (AMS) scores in children with upper trunk brachial plexus birth injuries treated with neurolysis alone if the neuroma's conductivity was > 50% on intraoperative nerve testing. Seventeen patients (7 male, 10 female) met the criteria for inclusion in this study. Surgery was done when the patients were an average of 10 months old (range 6–19 months). The authors analyzed AMS scores from the preoperative assessment, 1-year postoperative follow-up visit, and subsequent follow-up assessment as close to 3 years after surgery as possible (referred to in this paper as > 2-year postoperative scores). Results Comparison of preoperative and 1-year follow-up data showed significant improvement in shoulder abduction, flexion, external rotation, and internal rotation; elbow flexion and supination; and wrist extension. Comparison of preoperative findings and results of assessment at > 2-year follow-up showed significant improvement in shoulder abduction, flexion, external rotation; and elbow flexion and supination. At final follow-up, useful function (AMS score of 6 or 7) was achieved for elbow flexion in 14 of 16 patients, shoulder flexion in 11 of 15 patients, shoulder abduction in 11 of 16 patients, and shoulder external rotation in 5 of 15 patients. Conclusions This report indicates that there is a subgroup of patients who can benefit clinically, with functional improvement of shoulder and elbow function, from treatment with neurolysis alone for upper trunk lesions demonstrating more than 50% conduction across the neuroma on intraoperative nerve testing. Patients with less than 50% conduction, indicating more severe disease, are treated with nerve resection and grafting in the authors' treatment algorithm.
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Nussberger, G., S. Schädelin, J. Mayr, D. Studer, and P. Zimmermann. "Treatment strategy and long-term functional outcome of traumatic elbow dislocation in childhood: a single centre study." Journal of Children's Orthopaedics 12, no. 2 (2018): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1863-2548.12.170167.
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Purpose Traumatic elbow dislocation (TED) is the most common injury of large joints in children. There is an ongoing debate on the optimal treatment for TED. We aimed to assess the functional outcome after operative and nonoperative treatment of TED. Methods We analysed the medical records of patients with TED treated at the University Children’s Hospital, Basel, between March 2006 and June 2015. Functional outcome was assessed using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) Sport and Music Module score. These scores were compared between nonoperatively and operatively treated patients. Results A total of 37 patients (mean age 10.2 years, 5.2 to 15.3) were included. Of these, 21 (56.8%) children had undergone nonoperative treatment, with 16 (43.2%) patients having had operative treatment. After a mean follow-up of 5.6 years (1.2 to 5.9), MEPS and QuickDASH Sport and Music Module scores in the nonoperative group and operative group were similar: MEPS: 97.1 points (SD 4.6) versus 97.2 points (SD 2.6); 95% confidence interval (CI)-2.56 to 2.03); p = 0.53; QuickDASH Sport and Music Module score: 3.9 points (SD 6.1) versus 3.1 points (SD 4.6); 95% CI 2.60 to 4.17; p = 0.94. We noted no significant differences regarding the long-term functional outcome between the subgroup of children treated operatively versus those treated nonoperatively for TED with accompanying fractures of the medial epicondyle and medial condyle. Conclusion Functional outcome after TED was excellent, independent of the treatment strategy. If clear indications for surgery are absent, a nonoperative approach for TED should be considered. Level of evidence Level III - therapeutic, retrospective, comparative study
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Bista, Krishna Bahadur, Rabeendra Prasad Shrestha, Bhola Shrestha, Ishwar Sharma Kandel, and Rabi Mohan Dakal. "Functional outcome of the treatment of AO-ASIF type C distal humerus fracture using Lambda plate." Journal of Gandaki Medical College-Nepal 13, no. 2 (2020): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jgmcn.v13i2.31933.
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Introduction: Although the use of two plates for the treatment of type-C distal humerus fracture is popular, site of plate placement still is under debate. Use of Lambda plate for the fracture treatment can be easier and settle the dispute. This study aims to evaluate the functional outcome of the surgery using Lambda Plate. This can be a reference for surgeons and helps them make the decision about choice of implant for type C distal humerus fracture treatment among Nepalese people.
 Methods: This interventional study used Lambda plate for the treatment of type C fracture of distal humerus. Patients were examined at 4, 12, and 24 weeks respectively for the measurement of the outcome. Visual analogous scale was used for assessment of pain, range of motion for functional recovery and Mayo Elbow Performance Score was used for the assessment of functional outcome. Paired-samples t-test and linear regression was used to for data analysis.
 Results: Functional outcome at the last follow-up was excellent in 24(53.33%) patients, good in 18(40%) patients and fair in 3(6.67%) patients. Range of motion of elbow increased significantly with every follow-up (p-value <0.001). Average angle of flexion at last follow-up was 117.53°±11.74 while loss of extension was 7.53°±4.86. Average number of patients had their fracture union at 19.84±2.38 weeks. There was no association of age, sex and union weeks with functional outcome when measured with MEPS.
 Conclusion: Fixation of distal humerus fracture by using Lambda plate gave excellent and satisfying outcome in terms of pain, range of motion and objective functional outcome.
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Scott, Stephen H. "Role of motor cortex in coordinating multi-joint movements: Is it time for a new paradigm?" Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 78, no. 11 (2000): 923–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y00-064.
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Reaching movements to spatial targets require motor patterns at the shoulder to be coordinated carefully with those at the elbow to smoothly move the hand through space. While the motor cortex is involved in this volitional task, considerable debate remains about how this cortical region participates in planning and controlling movement. This article reviews two opposing interpretations of motor cortical function during multi-joint movements. On the one hand, studies performed predominantly on single-joint movement generally support the notion that motor cortical activity is intimately involved in generating motor patterns at a given joint. In contrast, studies on reaching demonstrate correlations between motor cortical activity and features of movement related to the hand, suggesting that the motor cortex may be involved in more global features of the task. Although this latter paradigm involves a multi-joint motor task in which neural activity is correlated with features of movement related to the hand, this neural activity is also correlated to other movement variables. Therefore it is difficult to assess if and how the motor cortex contributes to the coordination of motor patterns at different joints. In particular, present paradigms cannot assess whether motor cortical activity contributes to the control of one joint or multiple joints during whole-arm tasks. The final point discussed in this article is the development of a new experimental device (KINARM) that can both monitor and manipulate the mechanics of the shoulder and elbow independently during multi-joint motor tasks. It is hoped that this new device will provide a new approach for examining how the motor cortex is involved in motor coordination.Key words: reaching movements, biomechanics, motor coordination, proximal arm.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Elbow debate"
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Beerits, Laura Catherine. "Writing with feeling? : types of personal reference in student papers." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-3577.
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The question of the appropriateness and effectiveness of students' personal writing is a longstanding one in the academy. In composition studies, the ideological fight over personal and academic writing is most often represented by the oft-studied but rarely changed Bartholomae/Elbow debate. In literary studies, reader-response critics in particular have wrestled with the problems and possibilities of subjective interpretation. Yet despite scholastic interest in issues of personal writing, discussions have remained primarily theoretical and have relied mainly on anecdotal evidence. While small-scale case studies valuably illuminate the processes of an individual student or two, the conversation would be profoundly bolstered by empirical data. How common are personal responses, really? Further, while many believe that any presence of first-person pronouns signals personal, subjective writing, anecdotal cases suggest that there are several categories of personal writing, and that these different types of expressivism produce a range of rhetorical effects. The current study attempts to name and refine these categories--using the distinctions of General claim, Writer-based prose, Personal experience, and Personal claim—to begin to fill in this empirical gap. Is it a mistake to lump all use of personal reference into the category of "personal writing"? Would helping students distinguish between these varying types of personal references inform their stylistic and rhetorical choices? By reviewing a sample of 30 short papers written by college students in a general requirement literature survey course, I will examine how frequently--and in what ways--students reference themselves when responding in writing to a work of literature.<br>text
Book chapters on the topic "Elbow debate"
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Viggiano, Gregory F., and Hans Van Wees. "The Arms, Armor, and Iconography of Early Greek Hoplite Warfare." In Men of Bronze. Princeton University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691143019.003.0002.
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This chapter examines hoplite equipment. Although elements of the bronze panoply associated with the classical hoplite began to appear in the late eighth century, what set the hoplite apart from his predecessors was above all his distinctive heavy wooden shield with a double handle, which is first attested circa 700 BC. This date may therefore be regarded as the beginning of the hoplite era. The shield has a central metal armband (the porpax), through which the bearer thrust his left forearm up to the elbow, and a hand grip (antilabe), at the rim of the shield, that he grasped with his left hand. A great deal of the debate about the origins of the classical phalanx centers on what the adoption of this type of shield might imply about the nature of hoplite fighting and battle formations.
Conference papers on the topic "Elbow debate"
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Williams, Dennis K., and Shrikant Nargund. "A Historical Review and Additions to SIFs and Stress Indices for Trunnion Elbows." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-66086.
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The development of primary and secondary moment loading stress indices and analytical derivations of stress intensification factors (SIF) has matured over the past 35 years. The original development work for the ASME piping Codes SIF definitions was empirically derived well over 65 years ago and still, debates linger over the equivalence of the physical fatigue testing of piping fittings and the rapid evolution of stress classification techniques as applied specifically, to the finite element method. The trunnion elbow geometry has always presented significant mathematical challenges in the determination of stress intensification factors, which is primarily due to the complexity of the intersection created by a right circular cylinder (forming the trunnion) to a toroid (forming the elbow). This paper traces the maturation of the SIF definition for the trunnion-elbow geometry from the original roots of the Markl tests, to the early analytical formulations presented by Williams and Lewis, to the WRC and EPRI results published in the late 1990s, through today’s rendition as contained in the Appendices to the ASME B&PV Code, Section III. In addition, geometry combinations are introduced herein that have not been covered in any of the previously referenced publications. Finally, a comparison of the various formulations is tendered for consideration of the reader to determine if in fact there has been significant progress in this subject area since the early analytical work published by Williams and Lewis in the early 1980s.