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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Elbow flexion contracture

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Academic literature on the topic 'Elbow flexion contracture'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 24 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Elbow flexion contracture"

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BREEN, T. F., R. H. GELBERMAN, and G. N. ACKERMAN. "Elbow Flexion Contractures: Treatment by Anterior Release and Continuous Passive Motion." Journal of Hand Surgery 13, no. 3 (1988): 286–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-7681_88_90088-5.

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We treated three elbows with post-traumatic flexion contractures (mean contracture: 41°) by operative release and post-operative continuous passive motion rehabilitation. Each elbow had been resistant to at least six weeks of conservative therapy. All patients complained of the residual deformity and some functional deficit. All patients, after failure of non-operative therapy, desired operative treatment. At follow-up (mean 12 months), there was a mean post-operative contracture of 5°. Continuous passive motion is recommended as an adjunct to anterior release in patients with resistant elbow flexion contractures.

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Dramis, Asterios, and Robert J. Grimer. "Angioleiomyoma: A Rare Cause of Fixed Flexion Contracture of the Elbow." Sarcoma 2006 (2006): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/srcm/2006/93569.

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We describe an unusual case of a patient presented with a painless fixed flexion contracture of the elbow due to an angioleiomyoma. This benign smooth muscle tumour should be considered in the differential diagnosis of flexion contractures of the elbow.

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Rodriguez, Joshua, Joshua Rodriguez, Scott Vocke, and Brooke Dean. "1008 Utilization of Serial Casting and Dynamic Functional Splint to Manage Burn Scar Elbow Flexion Contractures." Journal of Burn Care & Research 46, Supplement_1 (2025): S405—S406. https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf019.539.

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Abstract Introduction Burn scar contracture (BSC) is a complication that can occur during the remodeling phase of wound healing. Serial casting is an effective intervention used to progressively increase ROM of joints impacted from BSC by providing low load, long duration stress. However, there are several disadvantages to immobilizing joints with casts such as, development of disuse atrophy and limiting functional use of a casted extremity. Even after ROM gains are made, immature scar continues to be suspectable to re-contracture. Dynamic splints can offer several benefits that serial casting cannot including allowing for functional movement and splint donning/doffing. This case series investigates the utilization of serial casting followed by the use of a novel dynamic functional elbow extension splint to maintain and improve on ROM gains from serial casting. Methods 2 patients with elbow flexion BSC were included in this case series and underwent initial serial casting using fiberglass casting tape. Subject A presented with bilateral elbow BSC and serial casting was performed requiring 1 cast over a 2-days. Subject B presented with a right elbow BSC and serial casting was performed requiring 2 casts over 6-days. Subsequently, dynamic elbow extension splints were fabricated using a novel moldable wood-composite and a biodegradable polymer splinting material (See image). Splint wearing schedules were prescribed and ROM measurements were tracked at each subsequent visit. Results Significant elbow extension PROM improvements were made from serial casting in both subjects: Subject A – Right Elbow (RE): 30°; Left Elbow (LE): 46°. Subject B – RE: 55°. Further PROM elbow extension gains were made with initiation of dynamic splinting and re-contracture prevented: Subject A - RE: 5°; LE: 7°. Subject B – RE: 10°. Conclusions Utilizing serial casting for initial treatment of elbow flexion BSC in these 2 subjects was effective in achieving significant extension PROM improvements. Follow-up use of a novel dynamic functional elbow extension splint was successful in maintaining these ROM gains and further improved each of the contractures. Applicability of Research to Practice Our results supported the effectiveness of serial casting in treating BSC. However, there is continued risk for rebound contracture during the scar maturation process. In our limited case series, we were able to prevent re-contracture of all 3 elbow contractures investigated and continue to make ROM improvements using a dynamic elbow extension splint. In addition, this splint allows patients to participate in functional activities requiring elbow AROM while still providing scar with a low load dynamic stretch. We hope that this case series will aide other burn rehabilitation clinician in managing elbow flexion contractures caused by BSC. Funding for the Study N/A

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Wang, Fang, Jiaming Wang, Mingxin Li, et al. "Biomechanical study of the effect of traction on elbow joint capsule contracture." Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 20, no. 12 (2023): 21451–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2023949.

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<abstract> <p>Dynamic orthoses have a significant effect on the treatment of elbow capsular contracture. Because of the lack of quantitative research on traction forces, determining the appropriate traction force to help stretch soft tissues and maintain the joint's range of motion is a challenge in the rehabilitation process. We developed a human elbow finite element (FE) model incorporating the activity behavior of the muscles and considering different capsular contracture locations, including total, anterior and posterior capsular contractures, to analyze the internal biomechanical responses of different capsular contracture models during flexion (30 to 80 degrees). Traction loads of 10, 20, 30 and 40 N were applied to the ulna and radius at the maximum flexion angle (80 degrees) to explore the appropriate traction loads at week 4 after a joint capsule injury. We observed a significant increase in posterior capsule stress with anterior capsular contracture (ACC), and the maximum peak stress was 1.3 times higher than that in the healthy model. During the fourth week after elbow capsule injury, the appropriate traction forces for total capsule contracture (TCC), ACC and posterior capsule contracture (PCC) were 20, 10 and 20 N, respectively; these forces maintained a stable biomechanical environment for the elbow joint and achieved a soft tissue pulling effect, thus increasing elbow mobility. The results can be used as a quantitative guide for the rehabilitation physicians to determine the traction load for a specific patient.</p> </abstract>

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Ballinger, Steven G., and M. Mark Hoffer. "Elbow Flexion Contracture in Erb's Palsy." Journal of Child Neurology 9, no. 2 (1994): 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088307389400900220.

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van der Sluijs, J. A., M. J. van der Sluijs, F. van de Bunt, and W. J. R. van Ouwerkerk. "What influences contracture formation in lower motor neuron disorders, severity of denervation or residual muscle function? An analysis of the elbow contracture in 100 children with unilateral Brachial Plexus Birth Injury." Journal of Children's Orthopaedics 12, no. 5 (2018): 544–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1863-2548.12.180051.

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Purpose As in other neuromuscular disorders, both denervation and muscle paresis/imbalance are implicated as aetiological factors for contractures in children with a Brachial Plexus Birth Injury (BPBI). Although both factors are related, it is unclear which factor is dominant. The aim of this study is to assess whether contracture formation in children is predominantly related to denervation or to residual muscle function/imbalance. This might be relevant for understanding contracture formation in other neuromuscular disorders. Methods A total of 100 children (61 boys; mean age 10.4 years, 4 to 18) with unilateral BPBI were included in this cross-sectional study. Severity of the denervation was classified according to Narakas. Muscle function of flexors and extensors of both elbows was measured (in Newtons) using a hand-held dynamometer and flexion contractures were measured with a goniometer. The relation between denervation, muscle function/muscle balance and flexion contracture was assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Of the children, 57 were Narakas class I, 13 class II and 30 class III. Mean flexion contracture was 25° (90° to −5°). At the affected side the forearm flexion force was 47% and extension force was 67% of the force of the unaffected side. Contractures were more severe in children with higher Narakas classifications (p = 0.001), after neurosurgery (Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.009) and were related to age (Spearman’s Rho = −0.3, p = 0.008) and to paresis of the extensors (Rho = 0.4, p = 0.000). Flexor paresis as a percentage of unaffected side (Rho = 0.06, p = 0.6) and muscle balance had no influence. Conclusion In BPBI, elbow contractures are related to the severity of the neurological lesion, not to residual muscle function. Level of evidence Level II – prognostic study

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Buchanan, Patrick J., John A. I. Grossman, Andrew E. Price, Chandan Reddy, Mustafa Chopan, and Harvey Chim. "The Use of Botulinum Toxin Injection for Brachial Plexus Birth Injuries: A Systematic Review of the Literature." HAND 14, no. 2 (2018): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558944718760038.

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Background: Most brachial plexus birth injuries (BPBIs) are caused by traction on the brachial plexus during a difficult delivery. Fortunately, the possibility of complete recovery from such an incident is relatively high, with only 10% to 30% of patients having prolonged and persistent disability. These patients have muscle imbalances and co-contractions typically localized around the shoulder and elbow. These imbalances and co-contractures cause abnormal motor performances and bone/joint deformities. Typically, physical/occupational therapies are the conventional therapeutic modalities but are often times inadequate. Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injections into targeted muscles have been used to combat the muscular imbalances and co-contractions. Methods: With compliance to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was performed to identify studies published between 2000 and 2017 that used BTX-A to treat neonatal brachial plexus palsies. Results: Ten studies were included, involving 325 patients. Three groups of indications for the use of BTX-A were identified: (1) internal rotation/adduction contracture of the shoulder; (2) elbow flexion lag/elbow extension lag; and (3) forearm pronation contracture. Conclusions: The included studies show an overall beneficial effect of BTX-A in treating co-contractures seen in patients with BPBI. Specifically, BTX-A is shown to reduce internal rotation/adduction contractures of the shoulder, elbow flexion/extension contractures, and forearm pronation contractures. These beneficial effects are blunted when used in older patients. Nevertheless, BTX-A is a useful treatment for BPBIs with a relatively low-risk profile.

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TERZIS, J. K., and Z. T. KOKKALIS. "Elbow Flexion after Primary Reconstruction in Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 34, no. 4 (2009): 449–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193409105188.

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Fifty-two children (54 upper extremities) with obstetric brachial plexus palsy who underwent primary reconstruction for elbow flexion restoration were studied. The outcomes were analysed in relation to the type of brachial plexus lesion, timing of surgery, and the type of reconstruction. Overall, 42 of 54 extremities (78%) achieved good and excellent results (≥M3+). The average postoperative muscle grading for the biceps was 3.7 (SD 0.8), and the average postoperative active elbow flexion was 108° (SD 33°). The average elbow flexion contracture was 18° (SD 21°). The timing of surgery and the type of the brachial plexus injury significantly influenced the final outcome. The best results were seen in early cases (≤3 months), where the lateral cord was reconstructed from intraplexus donors. In this group, minimal flexion contracture deformity was observed. Late reconstruction (≥7 months) of the musculocutaneous nerve resulted in inferior results.

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Divljaković, Maja, and Aleksandra Mikov. "EFFECTS OF REHABILITATION TREATMENT AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ELBOW CONTRACTURE AFTER SUPRACONDYLAR FRACTURES IN CHILDHOOD." Exercise and Quality of Life 2, no. 2 (2010): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31382/eqol201002082d.

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&lt;p&gt;Supracondylar fractures of humerus are the most frequent arm fractures in childhood. Complications of these fractures most often take the form of elbow contractures. The aim of this paper was to determine effects of rehabilitation treatment and characteristics of elbow contractures. During five-year period (2005-2010), 61 patients with posttraumatic elbow contracture were treated at the Institute for Children and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina. Flynn&amp;iacute;s three-grade scale was applied to determine the elbow mobility level, prior to treatment and at its end. After the completed physical treatment, there is a highly statistically significant difference in terms of increased flexion and extension of elbow (p0.0001). In 90.16% children, the result was satisfactory upon completed physical treatment. By means of combined application of different forms of physical therapy, treatment results of elbow contractures after supracondylar fractures have significantly improved.&lt;/p&gt;

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Karki, Durga, Nikhil Mehta, and Ravi Prakash Narayan. "Subcutaneous pedicle propeller flap: An old technique revisited and modified!" Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 49, no. 02 (2016): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0358.191306.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Post-burn axillary and elbow scar contracture is a challenging problem to the reconstructive surgeon owing to the wide range of abduction and extension that should be achieved, respectively, while treating either of the joint. The aim of this paper is to highlight the use of subcutaneous pedicle propeller flap for the management of post-burn axillary and elbow contractures. Methodology: This is a prospective case study of axillary and elbow contractures managed at a tertiary care hospital using propeller flap based on subcutaneous pedicle from 2009 to 2014. Surgical treatment comprised of subcutaneous-based pedicle propeller flap from the normal tissue within the contracture based on central axis pedicle. The flap was rotated axially to break the contracture. The technique further encompassed a modification, a Zig-Zag incision of the flap, which was seen to prevent hypertrophy along the incision line. There was a mean period of 12 months of follow-up. Results: Thirty-eight patients consisting of 22 males and 16 females were included in this study among which 23 patients had Type II axillary contractures and 15 had moderate flexion contractures at elbow joint. The post-operative abduction achieved at shoulder joint had a mean of 168° whereas extension achieved at elbow had a mean of 175°. The functional and aesthetic results were satisfactory. Conclusion: The choice of surgical procedure for reconstruction of post-burn upper extremity contractures should be made according to the pattern of scar contracture and the state of surrounding skin. The choice of subcutaneous pedicle propeller flap should be emphasised because of the superior functional results of flap as well as ease to learn it. Moreover, the modification of propeller flap described achieves better results in terms of scar healing. There is an inter-positioning of healthy skin in between the graft, so it prevents scar band formation all around the flap.

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Book chapters on the topic "Elbow flexion contracture"

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Grishkevich, Viktor M., and Max Grishkevich. "Total Elbow Flexion Contracture Treatment." In Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Burns. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78714-5_25.

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Savoie, Felix H., Larry D. Field, and Charles W. Hartzog. "Treatment of Flexion Contracture of the Elbow Through the Arthroscope." In Advanced Arthroscopy. Springer New York, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21541-9_22.

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Grishkevich, Viktor M., and Max Grishkevich. "Elbow Edge Flexion Contracture: Anatomy and Treatment with Local Trapezoid Flaps." In Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Burns. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78714-5_23.

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Grishkevich, Viktor M., and Max Grishkevich. "The Postburn Elbow Medial Flexion Scar Contracture Treatment with Trapeze-Flap Plasty." In Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Burns. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78714-5_24.

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Sebastin, Sandeep J., and Kevin C. Chung. "Release of a Spastic Elbow Flexion Contracture." In Operative Techniques: Hand and Wrist Surgery. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4557-4024-6.00029-0.

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Liveson, Jay Allan. "Arm Weakness After Breech Delivery." In Peripheral Neurology. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195135633.003.0067.

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Abstract A 10-year-old girl was referred for evaluation of residual right arm weakness which related to a complicated breech delivery. No other medical or family history was relevant. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION. Cranial nerves were normal with equal coloration of her eyes and pupillary diameter. There was winging of the right scapula with shoulder atrophy and a flexion contracture of her elbow. Sensation was decreased proximally. DTRs were symmetric and hypoactive with no pathologic reflexes.

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Conference papers on the topic "Elbow flexion contracture"

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Oshige, T., H. Tsurukami, A. Sakai, N. Okimoto, and T. Nakamura. "FRI0020 Radial head excision improved flexion contracture in elbow synovectomy with rheumatoid arthritis." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, Annals of the rheumatic diseases ARD July 2001. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2001.1149.

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Schimoler, Patrick J., Jeffrey S. Vipperman, Laurel Kuxhaus, et al. "Control System for an Elbow Joint Motion Simulator." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42806.

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The many muscles crossing the elbow joint allow for its motions to be created from different combinations of muscular activations. Muscles are strictly contractile elements and the joints they surround rely on varying loads from opposing antagonists for stability and movement. In designing a control system to actuate an elbow in a realistic manner, unidirectional, tendon-like actuation and muscle co-activation must be considered in order to successfully control the elbow’s two degrees of freedom. Also important is the multifunctionality of certain muscles, such as the biceps brachii, which create moments impacting both degrees of freedom: flexion / extension and pronation / supination. This paper seeks to develop and implement control algorithms on an elbow joint motion simulator that actuates cadaveric elbow specimens via four major muscles that cross the elbow joint. The algorithms were validated using an anatomically-realistic mechanical elbow. Clinically-meaningful results, such as the evaluation of radial head implants, can only be obtained under repeatable, realistic conditions; therefore, physiologic motions must be created by the application of appropriate loads. This is achieved by including load control on the muscles’ actuators as well as displacement control on both flexion / extension and supination / pronation.

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