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Cherchesova, S. K., I. T. Karaeva, A. V. Khmelevskaya, and V. N. Sorokopudov. "Areal and chemical composition of wild inulin-containing plants on the territory of RSO-Alania." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1010, no. 1 (2022): 012149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1010/1/012149.
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Abstract In the presented work, an assessment of the raw material resources of the roots and rhizomes of wild inulin-containing plants of high elecampane (Inula helenium L.), greater burdock (Arctium lappa L.), medicinal dandelion (Taraxacum officianale Wigg.) was carried out, the possible annual volume of harvesting of roots and rhizomes in the territory North Ossetia-Alania. In Russia, the volumes of inulin production are small, therefore, pharmaceutical industries are forced to use more expensive imported inulin, which increases the cost of diabetic products. In this connection, the search for new sources of inulin is relevant. It has been established that the possible annual volume of blanks is 3.0-3.5 tons of dry matter. The chemical composition, the content of biologically active substances of the investigated types of inulin-containing raw materials are analyzed. It was noted that in the roots and rhizomes of elecampane, the high content of inulin is 37.0% -39.4%, in the roots of dandelion officinalis - 36.1% -37.0%, burdock - 37.2% - 38.8%. The maximum amount of phenolic compounds 7.3% was found in the roots and rhizomes of elecampane, the minimum - in the roots of burdock 5.0%. The content of pectin compounds was: 12.0% of the mass of dry matter - in high elecampane, 10.4% of the mass of dry matter - in burdock and 10.0% of the mass of dry matter - in dandelion officinalis. Some fragmentation, lack of information on a more complete chemical composition of metabolites of species of the genera burdock, dandelion and elecampane opens up wide opportunities for subsequent researchers.
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Kotova, E., S. Kotov, and A. Kotov. "Standardization of a method for identification of elecampane sesquiterpene lactones." Annals of Mechnikov Institute, no. 1 (March 25, 2020): 49–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3726657.
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<strong>Introduction</strong> A wide use of elecampane,<strong><em> </em></strong><em>Inula helenium</em> L. (<em>Asteraceae</em>), in both, folk and formal medicine, is explained by variety of its chemical composition. Rhizomes and roots of elecampane contain an essential oil, the content of which reaches 4%; the composition of the oil includes a mixture of sesquiterpene lactones. The main components of this mixture are alantolactone (0.5-2.0%), isoalantolactone (1.0-2.7%), and their hydrogenated derivatives: dihydroalantolactone, dihydroisoalantolactone, tetrahydroalantolactone, etc. These compounds seem to be responsible for pharmacological action of elecampane-based preparations. Herbal drug (HD) from elecampane is rhizomes and roots. There is no monograph on this type of HD in the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine (SPhU), therefore research related to its development is relevant. The mandatory identification test for HDs by the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method in accordance with the requirements of SPhU is absent in the article GF XI "Rhizomes and roots of elecampane", therefore it is necessary to develop a procedure for identification of the main biological active substances (BAS) of elecampane by TLC-method. <strong>Materials and Methods. </strong>The rhizomes and roots of <em>Inula helenium</em> L. (Asteraceae) were obtained from various pharmaceutical enterprises of Ukraine during 2016-2018. The following equipment was used: Silica gel 60 F<sub>254 </sub>TLC plates (20x20 cm<sup>2</sup>, 0.25 mm), Merck (Germany); Ultrasonic bath SUPER RK100H «Bandelin», (Germany); Glass vertical chamber; Automatic spraying device ChromaJet DS20. As standard substances have been used alantolactone, isoalantolactone and dihydroisoalantolactone (<95%) - <strong>pharmacopoeial reference standards of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. </strong><strong>Results and discussion. </strong>A procedure for identification of elecampane by TLC method for the national monograph of the SPhU "Elecampane roots and rhizomes" has been developed.. The identification method is based on the ability of silver ions to react with unsaturated C-C bonds in the molecules of the isomers at the position of double bonds, which are alantolactone and isoalantolactone. The development of a procedure for identification was carried out in conjunction with its validation in accordance with the requirements of SphU according to the following scheme: 1) the choice of stationary phase (examination of plates with a thin layer of silica gel treated with 1, 3, 5, 7% (m/v) solutions of silver nitrate); 2) the choice of mobile phase (review of unified phases for chromatography of terpenoids); 3) the choice of concentration for markers-substances (study of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2% methanol solutions of alantolactone, iso-alantolactone, dihydroiso-alantolactone and SQTL mixture for preparation of the reference solution); 4) the choice of the method for test solution preparation (study of extraction of herbal material with methanol, followed by concentration of the extract to the ratio of HD-test solution 1: 2, 1: 5, 1: 8); the choice of application volume of the test solution ; 5) the choice of the detection method (review of unified reagents and/or solutions for derivatization of chromatograms). Following conditions for identification have been chosen: the test solutions of HD (1: 5 in methanol), standard solution <em>CRS SPhU</em> alantholactone and isoalantholactone (0.1% solutions in methanol), TLC plates with a thin layer of silica gel treated with 5% silver nitrate solution, a solvent system toluene-ethyl acetate (9: 1), detection is carried out after treatment the plate with anise aldehyde solution and followed by heating. <strong>Conclusion. </strong>A procedure for identification of elecampane by for the national monograph of the SPhU "Elecampane roots and rhizomes" has been developed. It allows to identify such biologically active substances of the elecampane, as sesquiterpene lactones, which are markers of this species The developed chromatographic conditions allow to reliably chromatographically identify HD of elecampane in the presence on chromatograms of 3 zones of lactones – alantolactone, isoalantolactone and dihydroisoalantolactone.
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Khmelevskaya, A. V., I. T. Karaeva, S. K. Cherchesova, and V. N. Sorokopudov. "Justification of the feasibility of using wild-growing inulin-containing plants in bread technology." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1010, no. 1 (2022): 012154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1010/1/012154.
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Abstract This article discusses the use of additives from the roots and rhizomes of inulin-containing plants in baking. A method has been developed for the production of bread with the addition of powders of wild-growing inulin-containing plants at a dosage of 1.5%, which makes it possible to obtain a new type of bread while reducing the consumption of baker’s yeast by 10-15%, or reducing the duration of dough fermentation by 15-20%. The content of inulin in 100 g of bread made from wheat flour with the addition of 1.5% to the mass of high elecampane powder is 0.41 g/100 g (S.V.), the fructose content is 0.35 g/100 g (S.V. ). It was found that the added additives do not reduce the microbiological safety of bread. So, QMAFAnM in the sample with high elecampane - 3.5 × 102, in the sample with dandelion officinalis - 1.0 × 102, in the sample with greater burdock 2.3 × 102, which meets the requirements of SanPiN. The quality indicators of powders from roots and rhizomes have been determined, their influence on the technological process of bread production has been studied. A rational dosage was established in the amount of 1.5% by weight of flour, which makes it possible to obtain bread with high quality indicators, increased nutritional value.
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Sheida, E. V., V. A. Ryazanov, K. S. Denisenko, and O. V. Shoshina. "Changes in the concentration of methane in the ecosystem in vitro against the background of Asteraceae family plants biomass." BIO Web of Conferences 42 (2022): 01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20224201015.
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The assessment of Asteráceae Family Plants (rhizomes and roots of elecampane and wormwood) influence on the process of methane formation in the rumen ecosystem and metabolic processes was carried out. Studies (in vitro) were carried out using ANKOM Daisy II incubator (modifications D200 and D200I) according to a specialized method. Rumen contents were obtained from beef bulls with chronic rumen fistula. Gas analysis of air and volatile fatty acids samples was performed by gas chromatography. The results of the study showed that different dosages of phytobiotic preparations did not significantly affect the characteristics of fermentation in vitro. Phytobiotic preparations of elecampane and wormwood reduce the production of methane in the ruminal fluid, which may be associated with various active components or dosages of their administration.
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Myrzagaliyeva, A. B., T. N. Samarkhanov, A. Zh Nursafina, and A. B. Bolgibayeva. "Natural resources of Inula helenium L. on the territory of East Kazakhstan." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. BIOSCIENCE Series 145, no. 4 (2023): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7034-2023-145-4-34-42.
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This article presents the results of research on the assessment of natural resources of a medicinal plant used in both scientific and folk medicine – high-grade elecampane on the territory of East Kazakhstan. In the course of the research, two promising cenopopulations (Ushbulak and Seleznevskaya cenopopulations) of high-grade elecampane on the territory of the Listvyaga and Ulbinsky ridges were identified for the procurement of medicinal raw materials. The biological and operational reserves of rhizomes and roots, as well as the volume of annual raw material procurement, have been determined. Due to the location of the thickets of Inula helenium in the Ushbulak cenopopulation near the village of Ushbulak, the herbage is partially disturbed by cattle grazing, which affects the growth of Inula helenium in the herbage. The results obtained can be used to clarify the possible resources of an important medicinal plant and to develop measures for the protection of this species in East Kazakhstan.
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Sheida, E. V., V. A. Ryazanov, G. K. Duskaev, Sh G. Rakhmatullin, and O. V. Kvan. "Influence of <i>Artemisiae absinthil herba</i> and <i>Inulae rhizomata et radices</i> on fermentation processes and methanogenesis in the rumen of young cattle." Agrarian science, no. 3 (April 10, 2023): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-368-3-46-51.
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Relevance. Herbal preparations and their biologically active compounds can improve the use of feed and increase the productivity of animals by changing the microbial fermentation of the rumen. In our work, we evaluated the effect of herbal preparations — rhizomes and roots of elecampane and wormwood herb, on metabolic processes in the rumen and methanogenesis.Methods. For the study: Inulae rhizomata et radices were used in dosages per 1 kg of CB: 3.0 g — 1st sample, 1.0 g — 2nd sample, 6.0 g — 3rd sample; Artemisiae absinthil herba in dosages per 1 kg of CB: 5.0 g — 4th sample, 2.0 g — 5th sample, 10.0 g — 6th sample. The study was carried out in vitro using the ANKOM Daisy II incubator (modifications D200 and D200I) according to a specialized technique. The scar content was obtained from Kazakh white-headed bulls with chronic scar fistula with an average weight of 220–225 kg at the age of 9–10 months. Air sampling to determine the level of methane was carried out on the device «Kristallux-2000M» by gas chromatography. The level of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the contents of the scar was determined by gas chromatography on a gas chromatograph «Crystallux-4000M», determination of nitrogen forms — according to GOST 26180-84.Results. It was found that different dosages of herbal preparations did not significantly affect the characteristics of fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract. Wormwood grass at a dosage of 10.0 g per 1 kg of SV reduced methane production than its other dosages (p ≤ 0.05). Thus, a dose of 2.0 g showed an increase in the level of methane in rye by 36.5% (p ≤ 0.01), a dose of 5.0 g — by 47.5% (p ≤ 0.01). Rhizomes and roots of elecampane showed a high level of methane production, however, min and max administered doses of this phytobiotic showed a decrease of 38.1–38.6%.
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Tsugkiev, B. G., L. Ch Gagieva, V. B. Tsugkiev, E. A. Tsagaraeva, and L. M. Tseyko. "COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INULA HELENIUM IN NATURAL CONDITIONS." Innovations and Food Safety, no. 2 (October 3, 2023): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31677/2311-0651-2023-40-2-65-70.
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Green mass and rhizomes of Inula helenium L. are valuable raw materials of great practical importance as a promising source of BAS (biologically active substances). An analysis of plants’ morphological and biological parameters in natural populations makes it possible to determine the yield and, when harvesting raw materials, focus on cenopopulations with an increased phytomass of inflorescences. Assessing the dynamics of the formation of the aboveground phytomass, indicators of photosynthetic activity, the productivity of the aboveground mass, and seed productivity of I. helenium under natural conditions also make it possible to determine the influence of abiotic and biotic environmental factors. The studies were carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Biotechnology and Standardization of the Faculty of Biotechnology of the FSBEI HE “Mountain State Agrarian University” in medium samples of I. helenium, selected in natural cenopopulations of the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania at altitudes of 615 - 847 m above sea level in the plant association of a cereal-forb meadow. In the course of the study, morphological and biological indicators were determined. The authors found that the weight of the rhizome with roots decreases along the vertical profile. Inula helenium in cenopopulations grow at different heights from 127 to 220 cm and form an average of 230-390 g of rhizomes with roots. Individuals of Inula helenium are characterised by the formation of 24 - 26 inflorescences on average on one shoot, each giving 625 - 1015 pcs seeds from 1 basket. The authors took samples of elecampane high close to the villages Surkh-Digora and Chikola North Ossetia - Alania. These samples are characterised by a high weight of 1000 seeds (1834.78 - 1923.24 mg) and a basket diameter (6.98 - 7.29 cm).
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Dyakova, N. A. "Study of dynamics of accumulation of water-soluble polysaccharides in rhizomes and roots of high elecampane during vegetation." Традиционная медицина, no. 2 (2021): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54296/18186173_2021_2_29.
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Mitrofanova, I. Yu, and A. V. Yanitskaya. "Assay of the total content and dynamics of the accumulation of polyfructans in the rhizomes and roots of the elecampane (Inula helenium L.) grown in the Volgograd Region." Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal 47, no. 3 (2013): 169–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11094-013-0918-1.
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Semakov, Alexey Vladimirovych, and Sergey Georgiyevich Klochkov. "METHODS OF PREPARATIVE ISOLATION OF ISOALANTHOLACTONE AND ALANTHOLACTONE FROM ELE-CAMPANE ROOT." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 3 (October 22, 2020): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2020034681.
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Alantolactone and isoalantolactone accumulate in large quantities in elecampane (Inula helenium L.) roots, however, their isolation in individual states is difficult due to the same chromatographic mobility. This work presents various working methods for producing alantolactone and isoalantolactone as individual substances from elecampane root in multigram quantities. Although alantolactone and isoalantolactone can be isolated simultaneously when separated on silica gel with impregnated silver nitrate, it is more practical to obtain alantolactone or isoalantolactone from the extract of elecampane roots separately. Pure isoalantolactone can be isolated by repeated crystallization from 75% aqueous methanol. Another, faster, method of producing isoalantolactone is to react a mixture of elecampane lactones with dimethylamine or morpholine. Isoalantolactone in the form of an adduct with an amine is readily separated by crystallization and then regenerated through the preparation of a quaternary ammonium salt. Alantolactone is conveniently produced in large quantities through the oxidation of isoalantolactone in a mixture of selenium dioxide to more polar lactones, which are separated chromatographically. Hydrogen peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide or potassium periodate can be used as co-oxidizing agents.
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Kenny, Ciara-Ruth, Anna Stojakowska, Ambrose Furey, and Brigid Lucey. "From Monographs to Chromatograms: The Antimicrobial Potential of Inula helenium L. (Elecampane) Naturalised in Ireland." Molecules 27, no. 4 (2022): 1406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27041406.
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With antimicrobial resistance rising globally, the exploration of alternative sources of candidate molecules is critical to safeguard effective chemotherapeutics worldwide. Plant natural products are accessible, structurally diverse compounds with antimicrobial potential. The pharmacological applications of plants in medicine can be guided by the attestation of traditional use, as demonstrated in this study. In Irish ethnomedical literature, Inula helenium L. (elecampane) is often indicated for respiratory and dermal ailments. This is the first assessment of antimicrobial sesquiterpene lactones from the roots of elecampane, naturalised in Ireland. Traditional hydro-ethanolic extracts were prepared from multi-origin elecampane roots. A novel clean-up strategy facilitated the bioactivity-guided fractionation of a subset of anti-staphylococcal fractions (the compositions of which were investigated using HPLC-DAD, supported by 1H NMR). The natural products attributing to the antimicrobial activity, observed in vitro, were identified as alantolactone (1), isoalantolactone (2), igalan (3), and an unseparated mixture of dugesialactone (4) and alloalantolactone (5), as major compounds. The findings suggest that the geographical origin of the plant does not influence the anti-bacterial potency nor the chemical composition of traditional elecampane root. Considering the prevalence of staphylococci-associated infections and associated broad spectrum resistance in Irish hospitals, currently, further research is warranted into the usage of the identified compounds as potential candidates in the control of staphylococcal carriage and infection.
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Н.А., Дьякова. "РАЗРАБОТКА ЭКСПРЕССНОЙ МЕТОДИКИ ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ ИНУЛИНА ИЗ КОРНЕЙ ДЕВЯСИЛА ВЫСОКОГО". Вопросы обеспечения качества лекарственных средств, № 1(31) (29 березня 2021): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.34907/jpqai.2021.47.11.003.
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Инулин - природный растительный полифруктозан, значение которого в современной медицине и фармации, а также пищевой промышленности сложно переоценить. Имеющиеся запатентованные технологии получения инулина отличаются малым выходом продукта и значительной длительностью. Целью исследования являлась разработка экспрессной методики выделения и количественного определения инулина из корней девясила высокого (Inula helenium L.). Для ускорения процесса извлечения биологически активных веществ из корней девясила высокого, а также увеличения выхода инулина решено было использовать ультразвуковую ванну. Варьируя показателями процесса, удалось подобрать оптимальные условия экстрагирования инулина из корней девясила высокого в условиях обработки ультразвуком: измельченность сырья 0,5-1,0 мм, температура – 80°С, кратность извлечения – 3, длительность экстракций – 15 мин., частота ультразвука - 35 кГц, соотношение сырья и экстрагента - 1 г на 15 мл. Дальнейшее увеличение времени экстракции в условиях ультразвуковой ванны приводит, очевидно, к деструкции водорастворимых полисахаридов. Также были подобраны оптимальные условия очистки полисахаридного комплекса корней девясила высокого с получением чистого инулина. Предлагаемый способ позволяет интенсифицировать процесс получения инулина из корней девясила высокого и снизить время, расходуемое на него, до 6-7 часов, а также увеличить выход продукта до 20,63±0,36% в пересчете на абсолютно сухое сырье. Методика может быть использована для экспрессного анализа качества корней девясила высокого и для промышленного получения инулина из данного вида сырья. Inulin is a natural plant polyphructosan, the importance of which in modern medicine and pharmacy, as well as the food industry, is difficult to overestimate. Having patented technologies for producing inulin, they are characterized by low product yield and significant duration. The purpose of the study was to develop an express method for isolating and quantifying inulin from the roots of the elecampane (Inula helenium L.). To speed up the process of extracting biologically active substances from the roots of the elecampane, as well as increase the yield of inulin, it was decided to use an ultrasonic bath. Varying the process parameters, it was possible to select the optimal conditions for extracting inulin from the roots of the Inula helenium L. in ultrasound treatment conditions: crushing of the raw materials 0.5-1.0 mm, temperature - 80°C, extraction rate - 3, extraction duration - 15 minutes, ultrasound frequency - 35 kHz, ratio of raw materials to extractant 1 g per 15 ml. Further increase of extraction time under ultrasonic bath conditions obviously leads to destruction of water-soluble polysaccharides. Optimal conditions for purification of polysaccharide complex of elecampane roots to obtain pure inulin were also selected. The proposed method allows intensifying the process of inulin production from the roots of elecampane and reducing the time spent on it to 6-7 hours, as well as increasing the product yield to 20.63±0.36% in terms of absolutely dry raw materials. The procedure can be used for express analysis of the quality of the roots of elecampane, as well as for industrial production of inulin from this kind of raw material.
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Moore Saggese, Jordana. "Roots and Rhizomes." Art Journal 78, no. 3 (2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00043249.2019.1655323.
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Atabaeva, O. Sh. "Elecampane: a review of the pharmacological effects of active substances in diseases of the bronchopulmonary system." Сибирский научный медицинский журнал 44, no. 4 (2024): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20240405.
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Chronic diseases of the bronchopulmonary system have reached epidemic levels worldwide, and the situation is deteriorating as the degree of urbanization increases. Elecampane is called Russian ginseng, because the active ingredients of its roots have a multifaceted effect on the body. In diseases of the bronchopulmonary system, they promote expectoration of sputum, stimulate blood circulation and saturate the blood with oxygen, have an immunomodulatory effect, which helps to fight viral and bacterial infections of the lungs. Especially relevant is the use of elecampane preparations for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, mycoplasma respiratory infection and viral infections such as COVID-19, herpesviruses, which can provoke serious lung changes, including pneumatic fibrosis and pneumosclerosis, which are formed within three months or more, and the resulting fibrosis foci are not subject to involution. Meanwhile at the stage of development of the process, fibrous changes can be minimized by both drug and phytotherapy treatment. The antiviral effect of elecampane preparations may play a role in modifying or slowing the progression of pulmonary fibrosis, especially when used at an early stage. In bronchial asthma, elecampane preparations can weaken the immuneinflammatory response.
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Oproshanska, T., and O. Khvorost. "Potentiometric determination of organic acids in the medicinal plant raw material." News of Pharmacy, no. 1(101) (February 1, 2021): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24959/nphj.21.42.
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Aim. To analyze the results of the quantitative content of the amount of organic acids in rhizomes with roots of Rumex confertus, rhizomes with roots of Sanguisorba officinalis, roots of Rosa majalis and roots of Rosa canina, roots of Arctium minus and roots of Arctium tomentosum, herb of Bidens tripartite by the potentiometric method, which is available in the monograph “Hibiscus” in the SPhU 2.0. Materials and methods. The study subjects were batches of rhizomes with roots of Rumex confertus, rhizomes with roots of Sanguisorba officinalis, roots of Rosa majalis and roots of Rosa canina, roots of Arctium minus and roots of Arctium tomentosum, herb of Bidens tripartite. The quantitative content of the amount of organic acids was determined by the potentiometric method from the monograph “Hibiscus” SPhU 2.0 using a HI 2550 potentiometer of the “HANNA instruments” company (Germany). Results and discussion. The highest content of the amount of organic acids, among the study subjects was in roots of Arctium minus (from 1.02 ± 0.04 % to 1.05 ± 0.04 %). At the same time, in roots of Arctium tomentosum this amount was almost 3 times lower (from 0.36 ± 0.01 % to 0.37 ± 0.01 %). In the batches of roots of Rosa majalis the content of this group of compounds was almost 2 times higher than in roots of Rosa canina. In rhizomes with roots of Rumex confertus and rhizomes with roots of Sanguisorba officinalis the content of the amount of organic acids differed insignificantly. In herb of Bidens tripartite the content of this group of compounds was 0.78 ± 0.03 – 0.79 ± 0.03 %. In different batches of one type of the raw material the quantitative content of the amount of organic acids varied slightly. Conclusions. For the first time, the quantitative content of the amount of organic acids has been determined in the batches of rhizomes with roots of Rumex confertus, rhizomes with roots of Sanguisorba officinalis, roots of Rosa majalis and roots of Rosa canina, roots of Arctium minus and roots of Arctium tomentosum, herb of Bidens tripartite using the potentiometric method which is available in the monograph “Hibiscus” in the SPhU 2.0. It has been found that the highest content of the amount of organic acids is observed in roots of Arctium minus (not less than 1.02 %) and herb of Bidens tripartite (not less than 0.78 %). The results obtained will be used in further research when creating new herbal medicines with the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity.
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Petkova, Nadezhda, Ivan Ivanov, Radka Vrancheva, Panteley Denev, and Atanas Pavlov. "Ultrasound and Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Elecampane (Inula helenium) Roots." Natural Product Communications 12, no. 2 (2017): 1934578X1701200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1701200207.
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The aim of the current research was to perform two “green chemistry” extractions (ultrasound and microwave irradiation) with methanol, 70% (v/v) ethanol and water for extraction of biologically active substances from elecampane ( Inula helenium L.) roots and to compare their contents in all extracts. The presence of carbohydrates (sugars, fructooligosaccharides and inulin), total phenols and flavonoids were established. In vitro antioxidant potential was also evaluated by four assays (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and CUPRAC). Water extracts obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) showed the highest value of inulin (38 g/100 g dry weight plant material). The highest antioxidant activity was possessed by the 70% (v/v) ethanol extracts obtained by UAE: DPPH – 107.2 mM TE/g dw, ABTS – 86.0 mM TE/g dw, FRAP – 67.0 mM TE/g dw and CUPRAC −173.0 mM TE/g dw, respectively. The reason for this probably depended on the highest content of total phenols in the 70% UAE ethanol extract {7.9 mg GAE/g dw, phenolic acids (chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric, sinapic and ferulic acids)}, especially chlorogenic acid (1.84 mg/g) and flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol and catechin; 26.4 mg QE/g dw). UAE was evaluated as a promising approach for the simultaneous extraction of bioactive compounds (dietary fibers and antioxidants) from elecampane roots in comparison with microwave irradiation.
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I., Kasprovich, I. "The technical tool for digging the roots of the miskanthus with their division into rhizomes." Mehanization and electrification of agricultural, no. 9(108) (2019): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2019-9-11.
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Purpose. Reducing the cost of manual labor for the excavation roots of the miskanthus with their division into rhizomes. Methods. Analytical using modern design and technological solutions of technical means for excavation rhizomes of miscanthus with their division into rhizomes. Results. A new design and technological scheme of a technical means for digging rhizomes of the miscanthus with their division into rhizomes has been developed. Conclusions. The proposed technical means for digging the rhizomes of the miskanthus pre-cuts them into longitudinal bands, provides for the separation rhizomes from the earth and their separation into rhizomes, which further reduces the cost of manual labor for the preparation landing material. Keywords: technical tool, roots, miskanthus, rhizomes, design and technological scheme.
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Zamakhaeva, E. A., M. M. Smirnova, O. A. Oleshko, and M. V. Chirkova. "Development of the Composition and Technology of Capsules Containing Peony Evadiant Rhizomes and Roots Dry extract and Glycine." Drug development & registration 12, no. 4 (2023): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33380/2305-2066-2023-12-4(1)-1610.
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Introduction. The development of dosage forms of sedative action is an urgent task of pharmaceutical technology in view of the prevalence of diseases of the nervous system. Peony rhizomes and roots dry extract in combination with glycine have a sedative and anxiolytic effect, which is associated with an improvement in the psycho-emotional state. Taking into account the physicochemical characteristics and composition of biologically active substances of peony rhizomes and dry extract roots, it is necessary to select auxiliary substances that improve its technological properties.Aim. Development of the composition and technology of hard gelatin capsules containing dry peony rhizomes and roots, dry extract and glycine.Materials and methods. Objects of research – dry peony rhizomes and roots (LLC "Kazan Extract Plant", Russia), glycine (JSC "Biokhimik", Russia). Excipients: apple pectin (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia), starch (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia), aerosil (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia), lactose (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia), microcrystalline cellulose (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia), basic magnesium carbonate (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia), magnesium oxide (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia).Results and discussion. The composition and technology for obtaining capsules containing dry peony rhizomes and roots, dry extract and glycine, have been substantiated. The quality indicators of peony rhizomes and roots of dry extract in combination with glycine and developed capsules were determined.Conclusion. The composition of capsules of peony rhizomes and roots of dry extract and glycine has been developed, auxiliary substances have been selected to ensure satisfactory technological properties of the mass for filling the capsules.
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Bamigboye, Rachael A., Fatai A. Oloyede, and Helen I. Holmlund. "Morphology and anatomy of rhizome and root structures in seven Pteris L. species (Pteridaceae) from Southwestern Nigeria." Advanced Journal of Plant Biology 4, no. 1 (2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/ajpb2021.016.
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Morphological and anatomical structures of seven Pteris species from various locations in Southwestern Nigeria were examined. This study aimed to affirm the affinities and relevance of rhizome and root structures within the genus Pteris. Mature healthy plants of each species were collected, and morphological observations of rhizomes and roots were documented for each species. The transverse sections of rhizomes were prepared by cutting at 10 µm thickness using Reichert Sliding Microtome while roots were embedded through standard procedures. The results showed that morphologically, rhizomes in P. acanthoneura, P. atrovirens, P. mildbraedii, P. togoensis and P. similis were erect to sub erect, but rhizomes were short creeping in P. ensiformis and P. vittata. The anatomy of the rhizomes showed a typical dictyostele pattern with variable number of leaf gaps, while roots of all the Pteris species were the diarch type with two xylem bundles alternating with two phloem bundles. The morphological and anatomical structures of the rhizomes and the roots provide useful specific distinctions of taxonomic importance for the genus Pteris and the family Pteridaceae.
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Egorova, Anastasia, Alsu Gatiyatullina, Dmitriy Terenzhev, Timur Belov, and Tatiana Kalinnikova. "Toxic action of substances from male fern Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott (1834) on free-living soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans Maupas (1900)." E3S Web of Conferences 254 (2021): 09011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125409011.
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The study of biological activity of extracts from roots and rhizomes of male fern Dryopteris filix-mas was carried out in experiments with soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The toxicity of extracts of D. filix-mas roots and rhizomes obtained by different methods varied over a wide range. Crude extract of male fern roots and rhizomes in concentration range 62.5–250 µg/ml had a weak toxic action on C. elegans organism by inducing death of 26.0–43.3% nematodes. The toxicity of relatively high concentrations (500 and 250 µg/ml) of water-ethanolic extracts might be compared with such of crude extract in concentrations 62.5–250 µg/ml. Biological activity of filicinic acids ethers was found very high: concentrations of crude extract of D. filix-mas roots and rhizomes and concentrations of filicinic acids ethers with similar toxicity for C. elegans organism were 40-fold different. Substances isolated from D. filix-mas roots and rhizomes have nematicidal activity and may be used for development of drugs to treat helminthiasis of humans and animals.
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Antonova, N. P., I. M. Morgunov, S. S. Prokhvatilova, et al. "Improvement of Methods of Standardisation of Medicinal Products Made from Veratrum Lobelianum Rhizomes with Roots." Bulletin of the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products 11, no. 1 (2021): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30895/10.30895/1991-2919-2021-11-1-44-48.
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Abstract. Identification of hellebore (Veratrum Lobelianum Bernh.) herbal substance, as well as hellebore-based herbal preparation and herbal medicinal product by the same group of biologically active substances using the same test method is in line with the so-called “consistent standardisation” principle.The aim of the study was to develop a harmonised approach to identification of steroidal alkaloids in hellebore products (hellebore water, hellebore tincture) and hellebore herbal substance (hellebore rhizomes with roots).Materials and methods: samples of hellebore water, hellebore tincture, and hellebore rhizomes with roots were analysed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) using an HPTLC plate.Results: the authors developed a harmonised identification procedure for products made from hellebore rhizomes with roots (herbal substance, herbal preparation, and herbal medicinal product) based on HPTLC detection of steroidal alkaloids. The results of the study will be used to prepare amendments to the Identification part of monograph FS.2.5.0104.18 “Hellebore rhizomes with roots”. The developed test procedure is proposed for inclusion into draft monographs “Hellebore rhizomes with roots, tincture” and “Hellebore rhizomes with roots, tincture, solution for external use”.Conclusions: the developed test procedure can be used as an identification test for a range of products from the hellebore herbal substance to hellebore-based herbal medicinal products, which is based on the detection of the same group of biologically active substances.
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Manpreet, Kaur*and Hayat M. Mukhtar. "PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND TLC FINGERPRINTING OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF ROOTS AND RHIZOMES OF COLLINSONIA CANADENSIS." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 05, no. 01 (2018): 355–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1154338.
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Collinsonia canadensis is a perennial medicinal herb in the mint family. Common names include Canada Horsebalm, Richweed, Hardhack, Heal-All, Horseweed, Ox-Balm and Stoneroot. Traditionally the roots and rhizomes of the plant are used for various diseases. The present study deals with phytochemical screening and thin layer chromatographic (TLC) fingerprinting of (petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts) Collinsonia canadensis roots and rhizomes. In phytochemical screening maximum diversity of chemical constituents were found in methanol extract of roots and rhizomes of Collinsonia canadensis. Thin layer chromatographic (TLC) fingerprinting studies showed that all the three extracts i.e petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts of roots and rhizomes of Collinsonia canadensis contains phytochemical components which were determined by Rf ( Retention factor ) values. Keywords: Collinsonia canadensis, Phytochemical, Retention factor, Stoneroot, TLC fingerprinting
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Sklyarevskaya, N. V., Yu S. Alexeeva, A. O. Ponkratova, and E. V. Zhokhova. "Research of <I>Rhodiola rosea</I> Rhizomes and Roots Using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography." Drug development & registration 11, no. 3 (2022): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33380/2305-2066-2022-11-3-173-179.
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Introduction. The research results obtained through the analysis of different varieties of Rhodiola rosea rhizomes and roots using high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), grown in the Saint-Petersburg State Chemical-Pharmaceutical University (SPCPU) medicinal plants nursery garden, are represented.Aim. To carry out a comparative analysis of Rhodiola rosea rhizomes and roots samples, grown in the SPCPU medicinal plants nursery using HPTLC.Materials and methods. HPTLC analysis was performed on a CAMAG device (Switzerland), using MERCK HPTLC silica gel 60 F 254, 20 × 10 cm plates. Extracts were obtained from raw materials using an ultrasonic bath "Sapphire-4.0 TTC" (Russia). The Rhodiola rosea rhizomes and roots were harvested in the SPCPU medicinal plants nursery garden (Leningrad Region, Vsevolozhsk district, Priozerskoe Highway, 38 km) in August 2019.Results and discussion. In the course of the research, extracts from Rhodiola rosea rhizomes and roots were obtained using 70 % ethyl alcohol and methyl alcohol as extractants. The extracts were investigated by HPTLC in ethyl acetate – methanol – water – formic acid (77 : 13 : 10 : 2) solvent system. After scanning densitometric analysis at 254 nm, the much better separation of methanol extracts in this solvent system was found than ethanol extracts. The densitograms of individual tracks were compared with each other in order to identify samples of Rhodiola rosea rhizomes and roots with a higher biologically active compounds content. As a result of the comparison of 18 samples tracks of the Rhodiola rosea rhizomes and roots (the extractant was ethyl alcohol 70 %), samples № 6 and 17 have been proposed as promising for further research and cultivation.Conclusion. As a result of the analysis of alcohol extracts from Rhodiola rosea rhizomes and roots by HPTLC, the samples 6 (Tomsk, Russia) and 17 (Valla Di Aposta/Hirvos varieties, country of origin – Italy/Finland) were found to have a higher content of biologically active compounds.
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Dzhaborova, S. S., L. N. Ibragimova, Z. B. Allambergenova, et al. "VERIFICATION OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN THE ANALYSIS OF RHODIOLA HETRODONTHA (HOOK. F. ET THOMSON) BORISS." Farmaciâ Kazahstana, no. 6 (January 23, 2025): 284–90. https://doi.org/10.53511/pharmkaz.2025.95.68.037.
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The article presents the verification of pharmacopoeial identification and quantitative determination methods as applied to the raw material of Rhodiola hetrodontha. Characteristic of the genus Rhodiola SPP. plant phenolic compounds such as salidroside and tyrosol were determined in the rhizomes and the roots of Rhodiola hetrodontha, and rosarin was not identified. The verification of the pharmacopoeial method for the quantitative determination of genus-specific phenolic compounds in the rhizomes and roots of Rhodiola hetrodontha was carried out, which consists of the extraction of phenolic compounds with 70% ethyl alcohol and analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography. The optimality of the pharmacopoeial conditions for chromatographic analysis (HPLC and FETLC) of genus-specific phenolic compounds in the rhizomes and roots of Rhodiola hetrodonta has been confirmed. The specificity, linearity, correctness, accuracy and range of application of the studied methods have been proven. Therefore they can be used in quality control of the rhizomes and roots of Rhodiola hetrodonta.
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Shishmareva, Tat'yana Mikhaylovna, Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich Shishmarev, and Daniil Nikolayevich Olennikov. "PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS SANGUISORBA OFFICINALIS (ROSACEAE) GROWING IN EASTERN SIBERIA." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 1 (March 16, 2021): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2021018281.
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The present work aimed at the study of the phenolic compounds of Sanguisorba officinalis L. (Rosaceae) growing in Eastern Siberia. The quantitative content of flavonoids in S. officinalis extracts determined by the spectrophotometric method was 0.68–5.41% in herb and 0.20–0.51% in rhizomes and roots. Catechin content was 0.05–0.75% in herb and 0.08–9.86% in rhizomes and roots, and procyanidin content found with spectrophotometric Porter method was 0.02–1.45% in herb and 0.08–1.05% in rhizomes and roots. Regression analysis of the relationships “latitude / longitude / altitude – phenolic compounds content” showed the high values of the correlation coefficient for the catechin content in herb and roots of S. officinalis and the longitude of the place of growth, as well as altitude. The content of flavonoids in the herb and roots of S. officinalis was connected with the longitude and latitude of the collection place. The values of procyanidin content in S. officinalis organs and geographic indicators have fewer relationships. Using the HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS method, chromatographic profiles of the herb and rhizomes and roots of S. officinalis was investigated. The data of chromatographic mobility, UV and mass spectra allowed estimating 52 compounds, including 45 in herb and 31 in rhizomes and roots. The members of seven groups of phenolic compounds have been found in S. officinalis, including gallotannins, flavonol-O-glycosides, procyanidins, ellagotannins, hydroxycinnamates, catechins, and pyrones, of which 12 are previously described for the species and the presence of 40 components, has been shown for the first time in the species.
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CASTRO, ANA HORTÊNCIA FONSÊCA, MARIA CLÁUDIA MARX YOUNG, AMAURI ALVES DE ALVARENGA, and JOSÉ DONIZETI ALVES. "Influence of photoperiod on the accumulation of allantoin in comfrey plants." Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia Vegetal 13, no. 1 (2001): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-31312001000100006.
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In order to evaluate the influence of photoperiod on the accumulation of allantoin in comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.), a well known medicinal plant, an experiment was conducted during July and August, 1998. Cuttings obtained from 90 day old plants were submitted to four photoperiods (8, 12, 16 and 20 hours). After 60 days, allantoin content in roots and rhizomes was evaluated. The results showed that increases in photoperiod promoted an increment in the average content of allantoin in roots (0.06%, 0.303%, 1.213% and 4.78%). On the other hand, in rhizomes, allantoin accumulation decreased (9.65%, 7.14%, 0.55%) when the photoperiod was increased from 8 to 12 and 16 hours, respectively, stabilizing on a 20-hour photoperiod (0.53%). Plants cultivated under field conditions presented 2.55% and 2.63% allantoin content in rhizomes and roots, respectively. Based on the fact that in comfrey the roots are considered to be sites of allantoin synthesis, the results demonstrated that photoperiod could influence both the synthesis of allantoin in these organs as well as its accumulation in the rhizomes.
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Juarrero, Alicia. "From Modern Roots to Postmodern Rhizomes." Diogenes 41, no. 163 (1993): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039219219304116303.
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Torta, Livio, Santella Burruano, Selene Giambra, et al. "Cultivable Fungal Endophytes in Roots, Rhizomes and Leaves of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile along the Coast of Sicily, Italy." Plants 11, no. 9 (2022): 1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11091139.
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The presence of endophytic fungi in the roots, rhizomes, and leaves of Posidonia oceanica was evaluated in different localities of the Sicilian coast. Samples of roots, rhizomes, and leaves were submitted to isolation techniques, and the obtained fungal colonies were identified by morphological and molecular (rRNA sequencing) analysis. Fungal endophytes occurred mainly in roots and occasionally in rhizomes and leaves. Lulwoana sp. was the most frequent of the isolated taxa, suggesting a strong interaction with the host. In addition, eight other fungal taxa were isolated. In particular, fungi of the genus Ochroconis and family Xylariaceae were identified as endophytes in healthy plants at all sampling stations, whereas Penicillium glabrum was isolated at only one sampling station. Thus, several organs, especially roots of Posidonia oceanica, harbor endophytic fungi, potentially involved in supporting the living host as ascertained for terrestrial plants.
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Sugier, Piotr, Joanna Jakubowicz-Gil, Danuta Sugier, et al. "Chemical Characteristics and Anticancer Activity of Essential Oil from Arnica Montana L. Rhizomes and Roots." Molecules 25, no. 6 (2020): 1284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25061284.
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Arnica montana L. is a medicinal plant with diverse biological activities commonly used in pharmacy and cosmetics. The attributes of A. montana are mainly related to the concentration and chemical composition of essential oils (EOs). Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of EOs derived from A. montana rhizomes and roots taking into account the age of the plants and to investigate the effect of the analyzed EOs on induction of apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy in human glioblastoma multiforme T98G and anaplastic astrocytoma MOGGCCM cell lines. Rhizomes and roots of mountain arnica were harvested at the end of the third and fourth vegetation periods. The chemical composition of essential oils was determined with the GC–MS technique. Among the 37 components of the essential oil of A. montana, 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene (46.47%–60.31%), 2,6-diisopropylanisole (14.48%–23.10%), thymol methyl ether (5.31%–17.79%), p-methoxyheptanophenone (5.07%–9.65%), and α-isocomene (0.68%–2.87%), were detected in the rhizomes and roots of the three-year-old plants and in the rhizomes and roots of the four-year-old plants. The plant part (rhizome, root) and plant age can be determinants of the essential oil composition and, consequently, their biological activity. The induction of apoptosis (but not autophagy nor necrosis) at a level of 28.5%–32.3% is a promising result, for which 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene, 2,6-diisopropylanisole, thymol methyl ether, and p-methoxyheptanophenone are probably mainly responsible. The present study is the first report on the anticancer activities of essential oils from A. montana rhizomes and roots.
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Oproshanska, Tetiana V., and Olga P. Khvorost. "Determination of the quantitative content of some groups of phenolic compounds in tinctures from the raw material of plant families Polygonaceae, Rosaceae, Asteraceae." Journal of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry 19, no. 4(76) (2021): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24959/ophcj.21.244365.
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Aim. To determine the quantitative content of total polyphenols and the amount of hydroxycinnamic acids in the series of tinctures from rhizomes with roots of Rumex confertus Willd., Sanguisorba officinalis L., roots of Rosa majalis Herrm., Rosa canina L., Arctium lappa L., Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh., Arctium tomentosum Mill., and the herb of Bidens tripartita L.Materials and methods. As study objects the tinctures from rhizomes with roots of Rumex confertus, Sanguisorba officinalis, roots of Rosa majalis, Rosa canina, Arctium lappa, Arctium minus, Arctium tomentosum and the herb of Bidens tripartita were used. These tinctures were obtained by the method of maceration at room temperature and the ratio of 1 : 5 of the plant raw material/finished products; the extractant was 50 % ethyl alcohol. The quantitative content of total polyphenols and the amount of hydroxycinnamic acids was determined by spectrophotometry according to the methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine.Results and discussion. The limits of the quantitative content of total polyphenols and the amount of hydroxycinnamic acids in the tinctures were determined. They were not less than 0.070 mg mL-1 and 0.002 mg mL-1 for the tincture of rhizomes with roots of Rumex confertus, 0.100 mg mL-1 and 0.005 mg mL-1 for the tincture of rhizomes with roots of Sanguisorba officinalis, 0.070 mg mL-1 and 0.002 mg mL-1 for the tincture of Rosa majalis roots, 0.080 mg mL-1 and 0.001 mg mL-1 for the tincture of Rosa canina roots, 0.01 mg mL-1 and 0.001 mg mL-1 for the tincture of Arctium lappa roots, 0.010 mg mL-1 and 0.002 mg mL-1 for the tincture of Arctium minus roots, 0.001 mg mL-1 and 0.002 mg mL-1 for the tincture of Arctium tomentosum roots, 0.070 mg mL-1 and 0.001 mg mL-1 for the tincture of Bidens tripartita herb, respectively.Conclusions. The quantitative content of total polyphenols and the amount of hydroxycinnamic acids in tinctures from rhizomes with roots of Rumex confertus, Sanguisorba officinalis, roots of Rosa majalis, Rosa canina, Arctium lappa, Arctium minus, Arctium tomentosum and the herb of Bidens tripartita have been determined. The data obtained will be used in further work on the study of tinctures of these types of the plant raw material.
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Almursyidi, H. H., A. Munif, and H. Triwidodo. "The abundance of phytonematodes associated with ginger plants in the District of Bogor, Cianjur, and Sukabumi, West Java." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1133, no. 1 (2023): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1133/1/012033.
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Abstract Phytonematodes are a severe threat that can cause damage to ginger plants, decreasing the quality and quantity of ginger production. Lack of information regarding ginger’s association and abundance of phytonematodes is a challenge in phytonematode management. The research objective was to study the abundance and identify associated phytonematodes in ginger plantations. Samples of rhizomes, roots, and soil were taken from symptomatic ginger plantations in major ginger production areas in Bogor, Cianjur, and Sukabumi, West Java. Phytonematodes from rhizomes and roots samples were extracted using the mist chamber technique and phytonematodes from soil samples were removed with the centrifugal flotation technique. The phytonematodes suspension obtained was observed using a stereo microscope. Identification book The Pictorial Key To Genera of Plant-parasitic Nematodes and related journals for genus and species identification were used to identify nematodes. Each nematode sample received was calculated as a phytonematodes population. The results showed that based on morphological characteristics, seven species of phytonematodes were found in the rhizomes, roots, and soil of ginger plants, namely Aphelenchoides bicaudatus, Hoplolaimus sp., Helichotylenchus sp., Meloidogyne sp., Pratylenchus sp., Radopholus similis, and Rotylenchulus reniformis. R. similis was found to dominate from Bogor’s rhizomes, roots, and soil samples. The highest nematode population was Meloidogyne sp., with at least 821 nematodes per10 g of roots associated with ginger in Sukabumi.
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Yuki, Keiji, Mariko Ikeda, Shosuke Yoshida, et al. "Isolation of Monovalerianester A, an Inhibitor of Fat Accumulation, from Valeriana Fauriei." Natural Product Communications 10, no. 8 (2015): 1934578X1501000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1501000801.
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The rhizomes and roots of Valeriana fauriei were extracted with 80% aqueous ethanol. This extract was found to exhibit potent inhibitory effects on fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 murine adipocytes. After several steps of chromatographic purification, we succeeded in identifying monovalerianester A as an inhibitor of fat accumulation. Thus, monovalerianester A and the crude extract of the rhizomes and roots of V. fauriei may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of obesity.
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Slobodianiuk, Liudmyla, Liliia Budniak, Svitlana Marchyshyn, et al. "Analysis of the essential oils in leaves and rhizomes with roots of angelica Archangelica growing in Ukraine." ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, no. 3 (49) (June 30, 2024): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2024.307314.
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Essential oils, comprised of volatile compounds, have a wide range of biological effects, making them valuable in medicine, industry, and agriculture. They exhibit properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-obesity, antidiabetic, and smooth muscle relaxation. In this aspect, plants belonging to the genus Angelica show promise. One of these essential oil plants is Angelica archangelica. There is insufficient information in the literature on the essential oils of the leaves and rhizomes with roots of Angelica archangelica. The aim. The aim of our study was to identify and determine the quantitative content of essential oils by GC/MS method in Angelica archangelica leaves and rhizomes with roots grown in Ukraine. Materials and methods. The determination of the essential oils composition of Angelica archangelica was conducted using Agilent Technologies 6890 chromatograph with mass spectrometric detector 5973 (Agilent Technologies, USA). Results. The leaves of Angelica archangelica were found to contain twenty-three components in their essential oil, while the rhizomes and roots of this plant contained fifteen components. Eleven components were common to both parts of the plant, namely cis-Pinane, α-Farnesene, α-Curcumene, α-Caryophyllene, Copaen, β-Bisabolene, δ-Amorphene, α-Muurolene, trans-Chrysanthemal, β-Guaiene, α-Elemene. Twelve components such as α-Pinene, β-Myrcene, 3-p-Menthene, Isoborneol, Anisole, Bornyl acetate, (Z)-β-Elemene, Caryophyllene, (-)-Spathulenol, α-Bergamotene, γ-Muurolene, α-Bisabolol were present only in leaves, and four components namely p-Isopropenylacetophenone, β-Cubebene, α-Zingiberene, Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone were present only in rhizomes with roots. Conclusions. The component composition of the essential oil in the leaves and the rhizomes with roots of Angelica archangelica growing in Ukraine was investigated using the GS/MC method. We have defined for the first time the chemical composition of the essential oils of the leaves of Angelica archangelica, 23 components of essential oil were identified. In the rhizomes with roots, 15 components of essential oils were identified. The following pharmacologically important components, cis-Pinane and α-Farnesene, were found in both samples of the essential oil of Angelica archangelica in significant quantities. These results have been cross-analyzed and are particularly important for planning and defining the process of cultivation and use of this species plant in traditional and official medicine
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Morokhina, S. L., R. N. Alyautdin, D. A. Kaperko, E. V. Shubnikova, I. I. Snegireva, and Yu A. Smirnova. "Adverse Reactions of Drugs Containing Valeriana and Corvalol: Analysis of Spontaneous Reporting." Safety and Risk of Pharmacotherapy 6, no. 4 (2018): 162–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.30895/2312-7821-2018-6-4-162-173.
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Abstract. Valerianа officinalis rhizomes whis roots, monocomponent and complex herbal drugs based on Valerianа officinalis, and the drug Corvalol containing chemically synthesized α-bromizovalerianic acid ethyl ester (ethyl bromovalerianate) are OTC drugs and are widely used. At the same time, in the database of drug adverse effects «Pharmacovigilance» AIS Roszdravnadzor from 2009 to 2018, 147 spontaneous reports of adverse reactions were registered when taking Valeriana rhizomes whis roots and Corvalol. The aim of the study was the analisis of spontaneous reporting about adverse reactions when taking Valeriana rhizomes and roots and the multi-component drug Corvalol in the database «Pharmacovigilance» AIS Roszdravnadzor and assessment of their compliance with the information in the instructions for medical use. It was reactions from the nervous system (lethargy, drowsiness, weakness, apathy, headache, dizziness, depression of consciousness, stupor, neurotoxicity, toxic encephalopathy), from the gastrointestinal tract (nausea, bitterness in the mouth, burning of the mucous membrane, belching, heartburn, appetite disorders), cardiovascular system (tachycardia) and allergic reactions (skin itching, skin flushing, rash, maculo-papular rash, urticaria, dermatitis, cheilitis, aphthous stomatitis, angioedema) in the reports. The sedative and anxiolytic effects of the leading biologically active component of rhizomes with valerian roots, valerenic acid, are mediated through modulation of the function of type-γ-aminobutyric acid receptors A. Experimentally confirmed that the mechanism of action of valerenic acid is similar to benzodiazepine drugs, which cause of a number of reported adverse neurological reactions. However, the range of complaints from patients cited in the reports is significantly wider than in the instructions for the medical use of these drugs. There is a need for further monitoring of reports and analysis of already received data and the addition of prescribing information of Valeriana rhizomes whis roots and Corvalol for ensuring safety requirements.
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Tang, Yuping, Xin Liu, and Biao Yu. "Iridoids from the Rhizomes and Roots ofValerianajatamansi." Journal of Natural Products 65, no. 12 (2002): 1949–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np0203335.
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Zhang, Yi, Yang Lu, Li Zhang, Qi-Tai Zheng, Li-Zhen Xu, and Shi-Lin Yang. "Terpenoids from the Roots and Rhizomes ofNardostachyschinensis." Journal of Natural Products 68, no. 7 (2005): 1131–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np050125n.
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Stausberg, S., C. Paßreiter, and G. Willuhn. "Chromenes from Rhizomes and Roots ofArnica chamissonisssp.foliosa." Planta Medica 57, S 2 (1991): A89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-960365.
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Vasil’ev, Vasilii, Anzhelika Sheremeta, Vasilii Ivlev, et al. "Quantitative 1H NMR Spectroscopy Method for Determination of Anthraquinone Derivatives in Extracts from Rubia tinctorum L. Roots and Rhizomes." Scientia Pharmaceutica 92, no. 2 (2024): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/scipharm92020024.
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The roots and rhizomes of Rubia tinctorum L. have been widely used both for industrial and medicinal purposes for centuries. The primary biologically active substances from Rubia tinctorum L. roots and rhizomes are anthraquinone derivatives such as ruberythric acid and lucidin-3-primeveroside. Their identification and quantification are carried out by various analytical methods, requiring a complicated sample preparation as well as special reagents and reference samples. However, NMR spectroscopy has no limitations of this kind. In this work, we have developed and validated a new express and standard-free method for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of ruberythric acid and lucidin-3-primeveroside by 1H NMR spectroscopy in the extracts from the roots and rhizomes of Rubia tinctorum L. In this work, we have optimized the conditions of the sample preparation and registration of 1H NMR spectra, determined the optimal solvent and reference compound and confirmed the obtained results by HPLC-UV-MS.
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Tsitovich, L. V., N. G. Tolkach, and I. A. Shkredov. "EFFICACY OF BOLUSES OF RHIZOMES WITH ROOTS OF MARSH CINQUEFOIL AGAINST STRONGYLATOSES OF GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF SHEEP." Transactions of the educational establishment “Vitebsk the Order of “the Badge of Honor” State Academy of Veterinary Medicine 59, no. 3 (2023): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52368/2078-0109-2023-59-3-39-42.
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The paper presents data on the study of the effect of boluses of rhizomes with roots of marsh cinquefoil on the body of sheep invaded by Strongylata of the gastrointestinal tract. In accordance with the data obtained, it follows that the use of boluses of rhizomes with roots of marsh cinquefoil in therapeutic doses, as an anthelminthic agent, had no negative effect on the body of animals in experimental groups, and there was a decrease in the infestation rate in sheep with strongylatoses of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Schimming, Wanda K., and Calvin G. Messersmith. "Freezing Resistance of Overwintering Buds of Four Perennial Weeds." Weed Science 36, no. 5 (1988): 568–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004317450007541x.
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The freezing resistance of overwintering buds of four perennial weed species was evaluated in artificial freezing experiments conducted in the winters of 1986 and 1987. Survival, dry weight of surviving shoots, and number of shoots produced/surviving section were determined at −4, −8, −12, −16, and −20 C for Canada thistle roots, leafy spurge roots, leafy spurge crowns, perennial sowthistle roots, and quackgrass rhizomes. The temperature required to reduce survival (LT50) and total dry weight (GR50) by 50% was determined. The response to freezing temperatures varied among species and in some cases between years. The LT50was −7, −13, colder than −20, −17, and colder than −20, and the GR50was −5, −11, −14, −15, and −13 for Canada thistle roots, leafy spurge roots, leafy spurge crowns, perennial sowthistle roots, and quackgrass rhizomes, respectively. The relative susceptibility to freezing among species appears to be directly related to the depth at which the overwintering buds generally are located.
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Antos, Joseph A., and Donald B. Zobel. "Upward movement of underground plant parts into deposits of tephra from Mount St. Helens." Canadian Journal of Botany 63, no. 12 (1985): 2091–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b85-294.
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The burial of plants is seldom studied but is potentially important in some ecosystems. For each of eight herbaceous species, about 10 individuals that survived burial by 7 – 15 cm of tephra were totally excavated during both 1981 and 1982. The long rhizomes of Achlys triphylla, Clintonia uniflora, and Smilacina stellata grew upward at an angle, so that 7% of rhizome and 3% of root dry weights were in the tephra in 1981; these values increased to 23 and 19%, respectively, in 1982. Burial reduced the number of shoots produced by each plant. Stolons of Rubus lasiococcus grew straight up and then spread across the tephra surface, although few roots were produced in the tephra. Plants of Arnica latifolia quickly moved rhizomes and roots into the tephra; 50% of underground dry weight was in the tephra by 1982. In two species with short rhizomes (Tiarella trifoliata and Valeriana sitchensis) there was an altered growth form; the rhizome elongated rapidly straight up to the tephra surface. The corm of Erythronium montanum was not relocated upward and it produced no roots in the tephra.
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Devi, Deepti Darshani, and Tibor Pasinszki. "Kavalactone Content and Profile of Kava Cultivated on Taveuni, Qamea, and Rabi Islands of Fiji." Agriculture 15, no. 5 (2025): 478. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15050478.
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The kava beverage of the Pacific is known for its intoxicating, soothing and relaxing effects, attributed to a group of compounds (called kavalactones) produced by the kava plant. An unfavorable kavalactone profile, however, contributes to side effects, including hepatotoxicity. Therefore, the chemical quality of kava is of key importance for consumer safety. This work investigated the chemical quality of the kava cultivated on the Taveuni, Qamea, and Rabi Islands by quantifying the main kavalactones in the roots and rhizomes of eighty-eight kava plants using the HPLC method. It was concluded that the farmers in these regions almost exclusively grow classified noble kava cultivars with a favorable kavalactone profile; the total kavalactone concentration varies between 7.2–14.1 wt.% and 4.7–8.2 wt.% in the dried roots and rhizomes, respectively. Kavain is the major kavalactone component (27–34 wt.% of the total amount of kavalactones), followed by methysticin, yangonin, or dihydrokavain in the roots, and dihydrokavain or methysticin in the rhizomes, respectively. One unclassified non-noble cultivar, with elevated levels of non-desirable dihydrokavain, dihydromethysticin, and flavokavains, is also identified and characterized.
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Oproshanska, T. V., and O. P. Khvorost. "Parameters of obtaining tincture from underground organs of Sanguisorba officinalisand study its biological activity." Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice 14, no. 3 (2021): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2021.3.244230.
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The aim of the work is to experimentally determine the optimal parameters for obtaining a tincture of rhizomes with roots of Sanguisorba officinalis and to investigate its antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Materials and methods. Rhizomes with roots of Sanguisorba officinalis were harvested in autumn 2019. When establishing the optimal parameters of the technology of obtaining tincture, the evaluation criterion was the number of the sum of polyphenols and the amount of hydroxycinnamic acids, which were determined by spectrophotometric method according to the methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine 2.0. Antimicrobial activity was studied by agar diffusion and serial dilutions, antioxidant – in vitro using a stable radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl – DPPH). Results. The optimal parameters for obtaining a tincture of rhizomes with roots of Sanguisorba officinalis was extraction method maceration at room temperature, raw material-finished product ratio 1:5, time 48 hours, extractant 50 % ethyl alcohol, the number of polyphenols, and the number of hydroxycinnamic acids in terms of dry raw materials not less than 4.0 % and 1.5 % respectively. The resulting tincture exhibits antimicrobial activity against microorganisms Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 (growth retardation 26.40 ± 1.04 mm), Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (growth retardation 24.60 ± 0.68 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCС 27853 (growth retardation 23.60 ± 0.68 mm) and at a dose of 0.02 ml showed antioxidant activity at the level of 70 %. Conclusions. The parameters of obtaining a tincture of rhizomes with roots of Sanguisorba officinalis were determined and its antimicrobial and antioxidant activity was studied.
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Proença, Suzana Lúcia, and Maria das Graças Sajo. "Rhizome and root anatomy of 14 species of Bromeliaceae." Rodriguésia 59, no. 1 (2008): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860200859106.
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ABSTRACT The anatomy of rhizomes and roots of 14 species of Bromeliaceae that occur in the cerrado biome were studied with the aim of pointing out particular anatomical features of the family and possible adaptations related to the environment. All the rhizomes are similar although some have root regions growing inside the cortex. In some species the vascular cylinder of the rhizome is clearly limited from the cortex. The roots are also very similar, although the coating tissue differs in roots growing inside the rhizome or externally to it and the cortex has a variable organization according to the region. The studied species present anatomical features that are associated to water absorption and storage, showing that they are adapted to the cerrado environment.
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Ni, Huijing, Jiancheng Zhao, and Zhenya Yang. "The Effects of Different Moso Bamboo Densities on the Physiological Growth of Indocalamus latifolius Cultivated in Moso Bamboo Forests." Forests 16, no. 4 (2025): 636. https://doi.org/10.3390/f16040636.
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Cultivating Indocalamus latifolius in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forests is a technique in a compound economical and ecological agroforestry system. However, the impacts of different moso bamboo densities on the physiological growth of I. latifolius remain unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the adaptation mechanism of I. latifolius to the environment in forests with different moso bamboo densities. One-year-old I. latifolius seedlings were planted in moso forests with four different densities (CK: 0 plants·ha−1; T1: 1050 plants·ha−1; T2: 2100 plants·ha−1; T3: 3150 plants·ha−1) for two years. The biomass and contents of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), starch (ST), and soluble sugars (SSs) in old leaves, new leaves, stems, rhizomes and roots of I. latifolius, as well as leaf functional traits [leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW), leaf thickness (LT), leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), and leaf tissue density (LTD)] and root morphology [root surface area (RSA), root length (RL), root diameter (RD), and specific root length (SRL)] were measured. With the increase in moso bamboo density, the biomass of various organs of I. latifolius showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and all reached the highest level under treatment T1. Compared with the CK, treatments T1, T2, and T3 significantly increased the LL, LW, LT, LA, RL, RSA, RD, and length ratio of thicker roots (diameter > 2 mm) of I. latifolius, while significantly decreasing the SRL, SLA, and length ratio of finer roots (diameter ≤ 0.2 mm). Treatments T1, T2, and T3 significantly reduced the N content in the stems and rhizomes, the P content in the old leaves, and the SS content in the new leaves, and they increased the P content and K content in new leaves, stems, rhizomes, and roots; the N content in roots; and the starch contents in old leaves and new leaves. Treatment T1 significantly increased the N content in old leaves and the SS contents and the SS/ST of old leaves, roots, and rhizomes, and it decreased the N content in new leaves and the ST contents in roots, rhizomes and stems. Our results indicated that moso bamboo forests with low density can effectively promote the growth of I. latifolius in the forest. I. latifolius adapts to the shading and the root competition of moso bamboo by expanding the leaf area and promoting root growth. In this process, it supports the morphological plasticity of leaves and roots through the mechanisms of reabsorbing P and K and the directional transportation of photosynthetic products.
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Kurkin, V. A., and T. K. Ryazanova. "STANDARDIZATION PROBLEMS OF MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS FROM RHODIOLA ROSEA L." Pharmacy & Pharmacology 9, no. 3 (2021): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/2307-9266-2021-9-3-185-194.
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Rhodiola rosea L. rhizomes and roots are pharmacopoeial raw materials, which are used in official medicine for obtaining medicines with adaptogenic activity. One of the most common problems in the production of medicines from Rhodiola rosea L. rhizomes and roots is the use of poor quality medicinal plant materials, which leads to the absence of biologically significant compounds in the preparations. One of the possible reasons is the shortcomings in the existing approaches to the standardization of Rhodiola rosea L. raw materials and preparations.The aim of the study is the improvement of approaches to the standardization of medicinal preparations from Rhodiola rosea L. rhizomes and roots.Materials and methods. Experimental and industrial samples of liquid extract from Rhodiola rosea L. roots, as well as reference samples of rosavin and salidroside, were used as materials of the research. The HPLC analysis was carried out using a Milichrom-6 chromatograph (NPAO Nauchpribor) under the following conditions of reversed-phase chromatography in an isocratic mode: a steel column KAKH-6-80-4 (2 mm x 80 mm; Separon-C18 7 μm), a mobile phase – acetonitrile: 1% solution of acetic acid in water in the ratio of 14:86, the elution rate was 100 μL/min, the eluent volume was 2000 μL. The constituents were detected at the wavelength of 252 nm (rosavin) and 278 nm (salidroside).Results. An assay of rosavin and salidroside in the liquid extract of Rhodiola rosea L. was developed using the HPLC method. It was determined that the content of rosavin in the samples of the liquid extracts obtained from Rhodiola rosea L. rhizomes and roots of the pharmacopoeial quality, varied from 0.21%±0.03% to 0.32%±0.04%, salidroside – from 1.13% ±0.05% to 2.71%±0.12%, respectively. The results of statistical processing indicate that the relative error of the average result for the determination of rosavin and salidroside in the preparations of Rhodiola rosea L. with a confidence level of 95% does not exceed ±6.0%.Conclusion. Thus, methodological approaches to the analysis of medicinal preparations from Rhodiola rosea L. rhizomes and roots have been substantiated. These methodological approaches consist of the quantitative determination of the dominant and diagnostically significant biologically active compounds – rosavin and salidroside.
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Munday, Ian. "Roots and Rhizomes-Some Reflections on Contemporary Pedagogy." Journal of Philosophy of Education 46, no. 1 (2011): 42–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9752.2011.00825.x.
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STEEN, ELIEL, and KJELL LARSSON. "CARBOHYDRATES IN ROOTS AND RHIZOMES OF PERENNIAL GRASSES." New Phytologist 104, no. 3 (1986): 339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1986.tb02901.x.
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Christensen, Bent T., Poul Erik Lærke, Uffe Jørgensen, Tanka P. Kandel, and Ingrid K. Thomsen. "Storage of Miscanthus-derived carbon in rhizomes, roots, and soil." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 96, no. 4 (2016): 354–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2015-0135.
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Compared with annual crops, dedicated perennial bioenergy crops are ascribed additional benefits in terms of reduced greenhouse gas emissions; these benefits include increased carbon (C) storage in soil. We measured Miscanthus-derived C in rhizomes, roots, and 0–100 cm soil beneath three 16-yr-old stands established on sandy soils at two experimental sites in Denmark. Miscanthus C in soil was estimated from changes in the natural abundance of 13C. In the 0–20 cm depth, soil C derived from Miscanthus made up to 15–18% of the soil total C. In the 20–50 cm and 50–100 cm depth, Miscanthus C accounted for less than 7% and 5% of the soil total C, respectively. After 16 yr, the total quantity of Miscanthus C in 0–20 cm ranged from 11.9 to 18.2 Mg C ha−1, of which 23–34% was in rhizomes and roots, substantiating their crucial contribution to soil C storage. Future studies should prioritize the seasonal and annual dynamics of C stored in rhizomes and roots, and the fate of these C pools following termination of Miscanthus stands.
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Klingeman, William E., Darren K. Robinson, and Gary L. McDaniel. "Regeneration of Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) from Rhizome Sections in Sand, Pine Bark, and Soil Substrates." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 22, no. 3 (2004): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-22.3.139.
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Abstract Regenerative potential of mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) rhizome sections has not been quantified when rhizomes are transplanted into substrates encountered in landscapes and nursery fields, container nurseries, or propagation beds. Mugwort regeneration in pine bark, sand, and soil substrates was analyzed by rhizome color, length, and the presence or absence of a leaf scale. Color of rhizomes, which darken with time, did not account for differences in growth among treatments. Contrary to previous research, 85, 78, and 69% of 2 cm-long rhizome sections produced both roots and shoots when grown in pine bark, sand, and soil substrates, respectively, during 45-day trials. Slightly less than 31% of rhizome fragments 0.5 cm long without a leaf scale produced both roots and shoots in soil. Though fewer rhizomes survived in soil, root and shoot fresh weights were greater than in pine bark and sand. When rhizome sections included a leaf scale, survival, fresh weights of roots and shoots, shoot height, leaf number and root lengths were greater, regardless of substrate type. Root initials emerged both adjacent to leaf scales and in the internode between leaf scales. Shoot emergence preceded root emergence from rhizome sections.