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Books on the topic 'Electoral process challenges'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Vickery, Chad, and Heather Szilagyi. America in Comparative Perspective. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190934163.003.0010.

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Chapter 10 highlights a confluence of factors in the United States that produce a high percentage of wasted votes and a system of governance that largely fails to reflect the will of the majority of voters, widely considered a cornerstone of democracy. This study judges the fundamental integrity of key elements of the electoral process in the United States by applying the same standards used to evaluate developing democracies around the world. Several acute challenges to the U.S. electoral process are identified: boundary delimitation for the House of Representatives, the role of the Electoral

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2

Yasmin, Dawood. Part V Rights and Freedoms, B Rights and Freedoms under the Charter, Ch.34 Democratic Rights. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780190664817.003.0034.

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This chapter examines the scope and protection of democratic rights in Canada. After outlining the source of democratic rights, it focuses on the right to vote by considering judicial decisions on such issues as voter qualifications, residency rules, and the entitlement to vote. It then shows how the Supreme Court has interpreted the right to vote as consisting of a bundle of democratic rights. By using the bundle of rights, the Supreme Court has been able to regulate a wide array of democratic institutions and processes. The chapter proceeds to examine the Court’s intervention in the electora

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3

Aditya, Sondhi. Part III Constituting Democracy, Ch.12 Elections. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198704898.003.0012.

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This chapter examines India’s constitutional framework and its mechanisms that govern and control the electoral process, especially those that go beyond the domain of election law and raise a host of constitutional issues. Before discussing these mechanisms, their operation, and the extent to which they are justifiable, the chapter provides an overview of the right to vote and how it is treated in the Indian Constitution as a fundamental right. It then considers the Election Commission and its duties and functions, and proceeds by outlining the three levels by which elections are regulated in

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4

Norris, Pippa. Why American Elections Are Flawed (and How to Fix Them). Cornell University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501713408.001.0001.

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The flaws in the American electoral process have become increasingly apparent in recent years. The contemporary tipping point in public awareness occurred during the 2000 election count, and concern deepened due to several major problems observed in the 2016 campaign, worsening party polarization, and corroding public trust in the legitimacy of the outcome. To gather evidence about the quality of elections around the world, in 2012 the Electoral Integrity Project was established as an independent research project based at Harvard and Sydney universities. The results show that experts rated Ame

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5

Baker, Paula. Obama 2.0. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036606.003.0010.

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This chapter takes a critical look at the internet fundraising techniques the Obama campaign perfected and argues that such techniques, combined with federal campaign contribution reporting requirements, pose an important challenge to political values that Americans have long embraced. Not only do the stunning amounts raised render obsolete the nation's four-decades-old system of public campaign financing; the fact that much of this money was raised from a large number of small donors, and that these donors can be readily identified in online campaign finance reports, challenges one of the mos

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6

Bynander, Fredrik, and Pär Daléus. Swedish Coalition Governments and the Quest for Re-election. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198783848.003.0010.

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This chapter is a comparison of the leadership capital formation process of two Moderate party prime ministers, Carl Bildt and Fredrik Reinfeldt. Their government formation challenges were similar but their strategies differed and the ultimate outcomes—electoral defeat for Bildt and re-election for Reinfeldt—suggest superior “capital management” in the latter case. The findings, however, show that the ability to maintain support for the entire coalition is core for electoral success, and that this task is paradoxical for a leader of both a government and the senior coalition partner. Also, cap

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7

Clark, Alistair, and Toby S. James. Poll Workers. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190677800.003.0008.

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Electoral malpractices are commonly thought to occur in polling stations. This chapter makes the normative case for electoral management bodies (EMBs) around the world routinely using poll worker surveys. These surveys provide concrete sources of information about the extent and nature of any problems in the electoral process. Accusations by partisan actors can therefore be readily tested and challenged. Poll worker surveys can therefore increase the transparency of EMBs and the electoral process. They also increase opportunities for evidence based policy making in electoral management. Their

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8

Burns, Nancy, Ashley Jardina, and Nicole Yadon. Women as a Force in Electoral Politics. Edited by Holly J. McCammon, Verta Taylor, Jo Reger, and Rachel L. Einwohner. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190204204.013.24.

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This chapter examines the study of gender and electoral behavior. Early gender scholars took on the challenge of countering the literature’s portrait of women’s passivity and minority status. They provided analyses and data that could speak to the possibility that women were in fact participating, clear-eyed, and political. We begin with an overview of this early work, and outline the trajectory of research on gender and electoral politics through the present day, where women are now seen as a political force in American politics. Scholars have built on these groundbreaking efforts, re-centeri

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9

Quirk, Paul J., ed. The United States and Canada. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190870829.001.0001.

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This edited volume compares the political systems of the United States and Canada, focusing on the effects of political institutions, and their interaction with political values and other factors, in policymaking. It explores the differences between the American presidential (or separation-of-powers) system and the Canadian parliamentary system. It also considers institutional differences such as federalism, bureaucratic leadership, and judicial definitions of citizens’ rights. It deals mainly with the period from the mid-20th century to the present but also discusses recent developments—espec

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10

Mazmanyan, Armen. Constitutional Courts. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190677800.003.0007.

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This chapter considers the role of the courts, which is expected to be critical for electoral integrity through upholding voting rights; examining legal appeals, petitions, and complaints in specific cases; and evaluating the constitutionality of electoral procedures. In many countries, constitutional courts have often played a vital role in judging legal complaints about electoral malpractices. This process is particularly important in democratic states with an independent judiciary. By contrast, in autocratic states, the judiciary is often believed to be in the pockets of ruling parties, alt

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11

Maisel, L. Sandy. 7. Far from the perfect democracy. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780190458164.003.0007.

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Americans, even those familiar with the details of the electoral process, remain convinced that American democracy represents the ideal toward which others should strive. ‘Far from the perfect democracy’ examines some of the continuing flaws in the system which sees such low levels of participation, the unsatisfactory nomination process and election campaigns, and the huge costs and lack of competition in the process. While these flaws have been pointed out by many reformers, solutions are not necessarily easy to come by without creating new problems, and few politicians relish the challenge o

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12

Maisel, L. Sandy. 7. Far from the perfect democracy. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780195301229.003.0007.

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Americans, even those familiar with the details of the electoral process, remain convinced that American democracy represents the ideal towards which others should strive. ‘Far from the perfect democracy’ examines some of the flaws in the system which sees such low levels of participation, the unsatisfactory nomination process and election campaigns, as well as the huge costs and lack of competition in the process. Whilst these flaws have been pointed out by many reformers, solutions are not necessarily easy to come by without creating new problems, and few politicians relish the challenge of

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13

Egreteau, Renaud. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190620967.003.0008.

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This section concludes with the argument that a transitional process riddled with uncertainty, has been at work in Myanmar between the two landmark electoral moments of 2010 and 2015. Yet, it claims that even if a feeling of glasnost has been palpable at the very top level of the central administration, there has been no major perestroika moment. No fundamental restructuring of the Burmese state and society has been imposed, nor proposed, since the disbanding of the junta in 2011. No revolution has erupted. The location of power has not been challenged during this transitional moment. Despite

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14

MacKenzie, Michael K. Future Publics. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197557150.001.0001.

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This book challenges the idea that democratic processes are functionally short-sighted. Many observers assume that long-term issues will be ignored or discounted in democratic systems because of the myopic preferences of voters, the political dynamics of short electoral cycles, the exclusion (or absence) of future others in decision-making processes, and the reality that democratic processes are often captured by powerful actors with dominant short-term interests. The evidence is clear: we have poorly managed many long-term issues, including climate change, nuclear waste disposal, plastics pol

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15

Hopkin, Jonathan. Anti-System Politics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190699765.001.0001.

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Recent elections in the advanced Western democracies have undermined the basic foundations of political systems that had previously beaten back all challenges—from both the Left and the Right. The election of Donald Trump to the US presidency, only months after the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union, signaled a dramatic shift in the politics of the rich democracies. This book traces the evolution of this shift and argues that it is a long-term result of abandoning the postwar model of egalitarian capitalism in the 1970s. That shift entailed weakening the democratic process in fav

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16

Wilson, James Lindley. Democratic Equality. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691190914.001.0001.

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Democracy establishes relationships of political equality, ones in which citizens equally share authority over what they do together and respect one another as equals. But in today's divided public square, democracy is challenged by political thinkers who disagree about how democratic institutions should be organized, and by antidemocratic politicians who exploit uncertainties about what democracy requires and why it matters. This book mounts a bold and persuasive defense of democracy as a way of making collective decisions, showing how equality of authority is essential to relating equally as

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17

Bodenhamer, David J. The U.S. Constitution: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780195378320.001.0001.

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The U.S. Constitution: A Very Short Introduction explores the major themes of American constitutional history—federalism, the balance of powers, property, representation, equality, rights, and security. Informed by the latest scholarship, each theme illustrates how the Constitution has served as a dynamic framework for legitimating power and advancing liberty. Today, we face serious challenges to the nation’s constitutional legacy. Endless wars, a sharply divided electorate and deadlocked government, economic inequality, immigration, cybersecurity and privacy, and foreign interference in the n

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18

Johnson, Dennis W. Campaigns and Elections. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780190935580.001.0001.

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Frequent and fair elections, open to all, are fundamental elements of a democracy. The United States, through its local, state, and national contests, holds more elections, more often, than any other democracy in the world. But in recent years, there have been troubling signs that our system of campaigns and elections has become much more fragile than we had previously thought. More specifically, in the past twenty years, campaigns have changed profoundly: social media and viral messaging compete with traditional media, races once considered local in nature have become nationalized, Supreme Co

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19

Taking Stock of Regional Democratic Trends in Africa and the Middle East Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2021.2.

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This GSoD In Focus aims at providing a brief overview of the state of democracy in Africa and the Middle East at the end of 2019, prior to the outbreak of the pandemic, and then assesses some of the preliminary impacts that the pandemic has had on democracy in the region in the last 10 months. Key facts and findings include: Africa • In 2019 alone, 75 per cent of African democracies saw their scores decline, and electoral processes in Africa have failed to become the path for political reform and democratic politics. The reasons are many, including weak electoral management and executive aggra

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20

Taking Stock of Regional Democratic Trends in Asia and the Pacific Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2020.70.

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This GSoD In Focus Special Brief provides an overview of the state of democracy in Asia and the Pacific at the end of 2019, prior to the outbreak of the pandemic, and assesses some of the preliminary impacts that the pandemic has had on democracy in the region in 2020. Key fact and findings include: • Prior to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, countries across Asia and the Pacific faced a range of democratic challenges. Chief among these were continuing political fragility, violent conflict, recurrent military interference in the political sphere, enduring hybridity, deepening autocratiza

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21

Williams, Paul D. Fighting for Peace in Somalia. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198724544.001.0001.

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Fighting for Peace in Somalia provides the first comprehensive analysis of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), an operation deployed in 2007 to stabilize the country and defend its fledgling government from one of the world’s deadliest militant organizations, Harakat al-Shabaab. The book’s two parts provide a history of the mission from its genesis in an earlier, failed regional initiative in 2005 up to mid-2017, as well as an analysis of the mission’s six most important challenges, namely, logistics, security sector reform, civilian protection, strategic communications, stabilizati

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