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Chen, Shelley L. "Programs for calculating high temperature ampacity and sag for overhead electrical conductors." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17933.
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Dirkse, van Schalkwyk W. J. "The placing of line surge arresters and fuses on 11 and 12 kV lines to protect equipment against lightning." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52553.
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Thesis (MEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Unshielded distribution lines has a poor performance during lightning activity. Lightning initiates flashovers between the phases and earth and causes line breakers to trip several times during a lightning storm. In addition equipment like fuses, surge arresters and transformers are damaged by lightning and cause in some cases long power interruptions to customers. The application of line surge arresters on distribution lines is a solution that is implemented worldwide to limit the lightning related problems. This thesis investigated using line surge arresters in conjunction with bushing-mount fuses to decrease nuisance fusing and transformer damage during lightning activity. Two new pieces of equipment (dropout surge arresters and transformer bushingmount fuses) were developed and strategically placed on 4 different distribution lines. Equipment failures decreased by 90 % while financially the project had an excellent return on investment.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Distribusie lyne sonder skermdrade presteer swak gedurende weerlig aktiwiteit. Weerlig veroorsaak oorvonking tussen fases en aard geleiers wat lei tot breker klinke. Transformators, sekerings, stuwingsafleiers en ander toerusting word ook deur weerlig beskadig en veroorsaak in sommige gevalle lang toevoer onderbrekings. Installering van lyn stuwingsafleiers op distribusielyne is 'n metode wat wêreldwyd gebruik word om oorvonking en weerligskade te beperk. Hierdie tesis ondersoek die installering van lyn stuwingsafleiers en deurvoerder gemonteerde sekerings om transformator skade en onnodige blaas van sekerings te beperk tydens weerlig aktiwiteit. Nuwe toerusting (uitval stuwingsafleiers en transformator deurvoerder gemonteerde sekerings) was ontwikkel en strategies op 4 verskillende distribusie lyne geïnstalleer. 'n Negentig persent vermindering in toerusting beskadiging is behaal terwyl die projek finansiël 'n goeie opbrengs op belegging meegebring het.
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Crnojacki, Zorica. "Extra high voltage transmission corridor siting : technical, public, institutional and regulatory considerations /." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10032007-171749/.
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Li, Xiaoyong. "Added CFO voltages from fiberglass poles and its electrical degradation." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2001. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11092001-113706.
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Coggins, David Paul. "Single-ended traveling wave fault location on radial distribution lines." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/27951/.
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In this thesis a single-ended traveling wave fault location algorithm is developed for autonomously locating short circuit faults on a radial distribution line using the high frequency traveling wave transients. The traveling wave pattern observed at the sub-station is correlated with the traveling wave pattern predicted using time tree analysis for different fault locations and fault resistance. Genetic search techniques are used to evolve an initial population of possible fault locations to determine the most likely fault location. It is shown through extensive EMTP simulations that the scheme is capable of finding the location of three phase faults, inter-phase faults and single-phase faults for fault resistances ranging from 0 - 1000 ohm on a radial distribution line with five sub-feeders. A new high speed FPGA based data acquisition system is developed suitable for capturing traveling wave fault data from a radial distribution line with the necessary fidelity for the proposed fault location algorithm. The data acquisition system is deployed on a Medium Voltage distribution line in the Santa Caterina region of Brazil. A branched communication network is constructed out of RG-58 coaxial cable and a Time Domain Reflectometry device is used to capture the reflection pattern under different fault conditions. The fault location algorithm is adapted to work with TDR a opposed to fault generated traveling waves. The location algorithm is capable of locating faults with resistance between 0 and 75 ohm up to three zones away from the injection point.
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Hall, David Eric. "Transient thermal models for overhead current-carrying hardware." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17133.
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Sumic, Zarko. "The concept and feasibility of automated electrical plat design via an intelligent decision support system approach /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5885.
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Bao, Yufei. "Integrated optical tapped-delay-lines : design, analysis and implementation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15446.
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Yang, Lifeng. "Computer relaying for EHV/UHV transmission lines." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40085.
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As the power systems grow, system connections become more complex. Due to cost and environmental concern, more and more parallel lines and series compensated lines may be installed in the system. In order to efficiently use the transmission network, more nonlinear flexible devices such as the phase shifter and the advanced compensation system will be put into use. Once a fault occurs on such a system, a delay in clearing the fault is usually not permissive. This requires a new generation of relays which have high security and dependability and high operating speed. With the advent of high speed microprocessor and fiber optic communication technologies, it is possible to develop high performance relays. In this dissertation, a new generation of pilot relays and non-pilot relays were developed for a transmission line.
The pilot relays include the instantaneous percentage current differential (IPD), the phase comparison and the phasor based percentage current differential (PPD) principles. In the pilot protections the synchronized phasor measurement techniques are employed and digital CT saturation detectors are incorporated. All these schemes in primary protections feature charging current (or shunt current ) compensation. The phasor based principles are designed to work within one and a half cycles; while others based on sample by sample comparison are assumed to work in less than a cycle.
The non-pilot relays to be investigated in this dissertation include the fault location based and phase angle based directional distance relays. One cycle data window is used in the phasor calculation. Both the distance relays are assumed to make a trip decision in about one and a half cycles.
All algorithms were simulated against different fault conditions using EMTP outputs. The simulation results show all the pilot relay algorithms work well for EHV IUHV transmission lines including the series compensated lines. The fault location based distance relay works well in most cases, but it may give a wrong decision for the close-in fault with the fault resistance and may have a singularity problem. The phase angle based distance relay works very well for different fault conditions and is insensitive to fault resistance.
The modified phase angle based distance relay was also developed for the series compensated line. It would not lose the direction for faults with or without fault resistance, either for a compensated system in forward direction, or in an adjacent line in reverse direction. The overreach is within 20% of the protected zone. This relay algorithm is also based on the one-cycle data window DFT, and it can give a reliable trip decision in about two cycles.
All pilot relays with a fiber optic link and the phase angle based distance relay can constitute a new generation of protection systems for EHV IUHV transmission lines.Ph. D.
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Gastaldello, Danilo Sinkiti [UNESP]. "Metodologia de localização de defeitos em redes subterrâneas integrando PSCAD/EMTDC e sistemas inteligentes." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87172.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Com a modernização da sociedade e o grande crescimento tecnológico visto nos últimos anos, é difícil de imaginar a ausência da energia elétrica nos dias atuais, pois tudo depende da energia para funcionar. A energia elétrica é fundamental para todos os setores da sociedade: residencial, comercial e industrial. A qualidade de seu fornecimento também é muito importante, pois é a qualidade que garante o correto funcionamento de todos os processos realizados no dia-a-dia. No entanto, nenhum sistema, por melhor que seja, é imune à ocorrências de falhas. Assim sendo, uma boa monitoração destas falhas é necessária para realização de manobras de correção mais eficientes. Além disso, a crescente preocupação ambiental faz com que as concessionárias busquem melhores formas de levar a energia à energia à população, com redes mais seguras, mais confiáveis e também mais baratas. Os sistemas subterrâneos têm demonstrado ser uma boa solução no que diz respeito à segurança, confiabilidade e preocupação ambiental, porém a sua instalação ainda é muito cara em comparação com as redes aéreas convencionais. Como todos os sistemas, as redes subterrâneas também estão sujeitas a defeitos. A correta localização a falta (defeito) em cabos subterrâneos de distribuição de energia elétrica não é uma tarefa trivial. Além da dificuldade de acesso ao sistema, existe o alto custo das medições dos parâmetros e a necessidade de uma análise de um especialista dos sinais medidos, ocasionando erros que têm se mostrado custosos. A proposta desta dissertação consiste em estudar os sistemas subterrâneos através de ferramentas computacionais e desenvolver um sistema inteligente que auxilie com a precisão de localização de faltas subterrâneos de distribuição de energia elétrica
With the modernization of society and the great technological growth in the last years, it is hard to imagine the absence of electric power nowadays, because everything depends on energy to work. Electricity is fundamental to all sectors of society: residential, commercial and industrial. The quality supply is also very important, since quality guarantees the correct functioning of all processes performed in a daily basis. However, no system is immune to the occurrence of faults. Therefore, a good monitoring of these faults is necessary for more efficient correction adjustments. In addition, the growing environmental concerns make the power utilities to find better ways to take energy to the population, through safer more reliable and also cheaper networks. The underground system has be found to be a good approach to improve safety, reliability and environmental features, but its installation is still very expensive when compared to conventional overhead systems. Like any system, the underground networks are subjects to defects. The correct fault localization (defect) in eletricity distribution underground networks is not a trivial task, it is not just due to a difficult system acess, the high cost of measurements of the parameters and the required expert analysis of the measured signals. These factors are source of errors that have proven costly. The purpose of this dissertation is to study underground system using computational tools and develop an intelligent system to accurately assist to locating of faults in underground cables of power distribution networks
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Gastaldello, Danilo Sinkiti. "Metodologia de localização de defeitos em redes subterrâneas integrando PSCAD/EMTDC e sistemas inteligentes /." Bauru : [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87172.
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Orientador: André Nunes de SouzaBanca: Helio Eiji Sueta
Banca: Pedro da Costa Junior
Resumo: Com a modernização da sociedade e o grande crescimento tecnológico visto nos últimos anos, é difícil de imaginar a ausência da energia elétrica nos dias atuais, pois tudo depende da energia para funcionar. A energia elétrica é fundamental para todos os setores da sociedade: residencial, comercial e industrial. A qualidade de seu fornecimento também é muito importante, pois é a qualidade que garante o correto funcionamento de todos os processos realizados no dia-a-dia. No entanto, nenhum sistema, por melhor que seja, é imune à ocorrências de falhas. Assim sendo, uma boa monitoração destas falhas é necessária para realização de manobras de correção mais eficientes. Além disso, a crescente preocupação ambiental faz com que as concessionárias busquem melhores formas de levar a energia à energia à população, com redes mais seguras, mais confiáveis e também mais baratas. Os sistemas subterrâneos têm demonstrado ser uma boa solução no que diz respeito à segurança, confiabilidade e preocupação ambiental, porém a sua instalação ainda é muito cara em comparação com as redes aéreas convencionais. Como todos os sistemas, as redes subterrâneas também estão sujeitas a defeitos. A correta localização a falta (defeito) em cabos subterrâneos de distribuição de energia elétrica não é uma tarefa trivial. Além da dificuldade de acesso ao sistema, existe o alto custo das medições dos parâmetros e a necessidade de uma análise de um especialista dos sinais medidos, ocasionando erros que têm se mostrado custosos. A proposta desta dissertação consiste em estudar os sistemas subterrâneos através de ferramentas computacionais e desenvolver um sistema inteligente que auxilie com a precisão de localização de faltas subterrâneos de distribuição de energia elétrica
Abstract: With the modernization of society and the great technological growth in the last years, it is hard to imagine the absence of electric power nowadays, because everything depends on energy to work. Electricity is fundamental to all sectors of society: residential, commercial and industrial. The quality supply is also very important, since quality guarantees the correct functioning of all processes performed in a daily basis. However, no system is immune to the occurrence of faults. Therefore, a good monitoring of these faults is necessary for more efficient correction adjustments. In addition, the growing environmental concerns make the power utilities to find better ways to take energy to the population, through safer more reliable and also cheaper networks. The underground system has be found to be a good approach to improve safety, reliability and environmental features, but its installation is still very expensive when compared to conventional overhead systems. Like any system, the underground networks are subjects to defects. The correct fault localization (defect) in eletricity distribution underground networks is not a trivial task, it is not just due to a difficult system acess, the high cost of measurements of the parameters and the required expert analysis of the measured signals. These factors are source of errors that have proven costly. The purpose of this dissertation is to study underground system using computational tools and develop an intelligent system to accurately assist to locating of faults in underground cables of power distribution networks
Mestre
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Yang, Yi. "Power line sensor networks for enhancing power line reliability and utilization." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41087.
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Over the last several decades, electricity consumption and generation have continually grown. Investment in the Transmission and Distribution (T&D) infrastructure has been minimal and it has become increasingly difficult and expensive to permit and build new power lines. At the same time, a growing increase in the penetration of renewable energy resources is causing an unprecedented level of dynamics on the grid. Consequently, the power grid is congested and under stress.
To compound the situation, the utilities do not possess detailed information on the status and operating margins on their assets in order to use them optimally. The task of monitoring asset status and optimizing asset utilization for the electric power industry seems particularly challenging, given millions of assets and hundreds of thousands of miles of power lines distributed geographically over millions of square miles. The lack of situational awareness compromises system reliability, and raises the possibility of power outages and even cascading blackouts.
To address this problem, a conceptual Power Line Sensor Network (PLSN) is proposed in this research. The main objective of this research is to develop a distributed PLSN to provide continuous on-line monitoring of the geographically dispersed power grid by using hundreds of thousands of low-cost, autonomous, smart, and communication-enabled Power Line Sensor (PLS) modules thus to improve the utilization and reliability of the existing power system.
The proposed PLSN specifically targets the use of passive sensing techniques, focusing on monitoring the real-time dynamic capacity of a specific span of a power line under present weather conditions by using computational intelligence technologies. An ancillary function is to detect the presence of incipient failures along overhead power lines via monitoring and characterizing the electromagnetic fields around overhead conductors. This research integrates detailed modeling of the power lines and the physical manifestations of the parameters being sensed, with pattern recognition technologies. Key issues of this research also include design of a prototype PLS module with integrated sensing, power and communication functions, and validation of the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology integrated to this proposed PLSN.
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Lee, Jack Monroe Jr. "Seasonal Patterns of Melatonin, Cortisol, and Progesterone Secretion in Female Lambs Raised Beneath a 500-kV Transmission Line." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1317.
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There is ongoing controversy about the possibility of adverse biological effects from environmental exposures to electric and magnetic fields. These fields are produced by all electrical equipment and appliances including electrical transmission lines. The objective of this environmental science study was to investigate the possible effects of a high voltage transmission line on domestic sheep (Ovis aries L,), a species that can often be found near such lines. The study was primarily designed to determine whether a specific effect of electric and magnetic fields found in laboratory animals also occurs in livestock under natural environmental conditions. The effect is the ability of fields, at levels found in the environment, to significantly depress the normally high nocturnal concentrations of the pineal hormone melatonin. Melatonin mediates the reproductive response to changes in photoperiod in seasonal breeders such as sheep. Factors which modify the production of nocturnal melatonin in sheep can have important effects on the timing of seasonal reproduction including the onset of puberty in this species. Ten female Suffolk lambs were penned for 10 months directly beneath a 500-kV transmission line near Estacada, Oregon. Ten other lambs of the same type were penned in a control area away from the transmission line where electric and magnetic fields were at ambient levels. Serum melatonin was analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) from 6618 blood samples collected at 0.5 to 3-hour intervals over eight 48-hour periods. Serum progesterone was analyzed by RIA from blood samples collected twice weekly beginning when the lambs were 23 weeks old. This hormone was used to measure the onset of puberty. Serum cortisol was also assayed by RIA from the blood samples collected during the 48-hour samples. This was done to assess whether exposure to the transmission line produced stress in the growing lambs. Other supplemental biological data collected included body weight gain, wool growth, and behavior. An extensive study was conducted by engineers from the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) to measure electric and magnetic fields and noise to which the lambs were exposed. This was accomplished by installing permanent monitors near both the control and line pens. Results showed that lambs in both the control and line groups had the typical pattern of melatonin secretion consisting of low daytime and high nighttime serum concentrations. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in melatonin levels, or in the phase or duration of the nighttime melatonin elevation. Age at puberty and number of reproductive cycles also did not differ between groups. Serum cortisol showed a circadian rhythm with highest concentrations during the day. Cortisol concentrations also seemed to reflect effects of known stressors on livestock, e.g., weaning, introduction to new housing, and vehicle transport. There were, however, no differences in cortisol concentrations between groups. Statistical analyses on other biological parameters revealed no differences between groups for body weight gain, wool growth, or behavior. The electrical monitoring program verified that the line group lambs were exposed to electric and magnetic fields at levels typical of those found beneath commercial 500-kV transmission lines. In summary, the large effect of electric and magnetic fields on melatonin concentrations reported in laboratory animals was not observed in this study of sheep.
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Johal, Harjeet. "Distributed series reactance a new approach to realize grid power flow control /." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26713.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Divan, Deepakraj M.; Committee Member: Begovic, Miroslav M.; Committee Member: Brown, Marilyn; Committee Member: Harley, Ronald G.; Committee Member: Wolf, Wayne H. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Ertugrul, Hamza Oguz. "Determination Of Weak Transmission Links By Cluster Analysis." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611236/index.pdf.
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Due to faults and switching, transmission lines encounter power oscillations referred as power swings. Although in most cases they do not lead to an eventual instability, severe changes in power flows on the lines may cause the operation of impedance relays incorrectly, leading to cascaded tripping of other lines. Out-of-Step tripping function is employed in modern distance relays to distinguish such an unstable swing but setting the parameters and deciding lines to be tripped require detailed dynamic power system modelling and analysis.
The proposed method aims to determine possible out-of-step (OOS) locations on a power system without performing detailed dynamic simulations. Method presented here, is based on grouping of the buses by statistical clustering analysis of the network impedance matrix. Inter-cluster lines are shown to be more vulnerable to give rise to OOS as proven with dynamic simulations on IEEE 39 bus test system.
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Sa, Yingshi 1965. "Reliability analysis of electric distribution lines." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29546.
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Wood Poles are extensively used in North America as supports for electric distribution lines. On average, wood poles have a service life of 40 years with a replacement cost of approximately $2000. Since the distribution network is of relatively recent construction, maintenance and replacement costs have been relatively small compared to the total number of poles in service.The goal of this thesis is to use the FORM/SORM algorithm to evaluate the reliability of a single pole and the results obtained when applied to a sample of 887 wood poles inspected in the field. The procedure was also applied to a sample of poles designed according to the current codes in order to calibrate the evaluation procedure. The results indicate that the proposed procedure will improve the current maintenance and replacement strategy by guarantying a more uniform level of reliability throughout the network and by decreasing by up to 33% the number of wood pole replacements. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Ferreira, Roberta Rosa. "Metodologia para proteção adaptativa de linhas de distribuição na presença de geradores síncronos distribuídos." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2015.
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Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Ahda Pionkoski Grilo PavaniDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, 2015.
A operação de parte da rede de distribuição de forma ilhada alimentada por geradores distribuídos aumenta os índices de confiabilidade do sistema, caso de problemas com a conexão com a rede principal reduz o tempo de indisponibilidade do fornecimento de energia elétrica para um conjunto de cargas. Os geradores síncronos distribuídos por apresentarem regulador de velocidade e controle de excitação podem mais facilmente operar no modo ilhado. Um dos grandes desafios da operação ilhada, no entanto, é a redução drástica dos níveis de curto-circuito quando a rede passa a operar de forma ilhada, comprometendo as funções de proteção dos relés de sobrecorrente. Com isso, para a operação de forma segura de uma rede ilhada é necessário alterar o ajuste da proteção dos relés de sobrecorrente. Os relés digitais apresentam a possibilidade de armazenar dois ou mais ajustes distintos de proteção, e a seleção do ajuste a ser usado pode ser realizada via um sinal externo. Neste contexto, o objetivo desta dissertação é apresentar um método capaz de identificar o estado de conexão da rede com a subestação principal e, em caso de alteração deste estado, enviar um sinal para o relé de proteção para a seleção do ajuste adequado. O método proposto não depende de comunicação e baseia-se em um dispositivo simples composto basicamente por um tiristor, que pode ser instalado próximo ao relé. O dispositivo foi modelado no MatLab e utilizado em simulações computacionais de uma rede de distribuição para validar a metodologia proposta. A rede de distribuição simulada possui capacidade de operar de forma ilhada alimentada por dois geradores síncronos distribuídos. O método proposto apresentou bom desempenho e foi capaz de identificar a condição de operação do sistema e selecionar o ajuste da proteção de forma adequada.
The capacity of part of the system to keep an autonomous operation supplied by distributed generators improves the network reliability indices, since, in case of the loss of the connection with the utility grid, it reduces the frequency and duration of interruptions for the customers. Considering that distributed synchronous generators usually have excitation system and speed regulator, they can easily control the voltage and frequency of the system and operate in the islanded mode. However, one of the challenges of islanded operation is the drastically decrease of fault current level when the system is operating in the islanded mode compared to the main system connected condition. So, to ensure a safe grid operation the overcurrent protection settings should be changed. The microprocessor-based overcurrent relay have more than one setting group and thus have the possibility to change the tripping characteristics during the operation as a function of an input signal. In this context, the objective of this thesis is to present a method capable of identifying the grid state and send a signal to the overcurrent relay in order to change the overcurrent settings. The proposed method doesn¿t depend on the communication systems for the relays, and it is based on a simple device composed by one tyristor, which can be installed next to the relay. The device was modeled in MatLab and used in computational simulations considering a typical distribution system to validate the proposed method. The distribution grid used has the capacity of operating in islanded mode or connected to the utility grid mode. The proposed method has presented a good performance and it was able to identify the operation condition in order to select the suited protection setting.
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Naredo, V. José Luis A. "Communication frequency response of high voltage power lines." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26725.
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Several methods for calculating the electrical phase and modal parameters of overhead transmission lines are described in this thesis; then, a graphical method for evaluating communication frequency response of delta transmission lines -based on the guidelines given by W. H. Senn [12,13,14]- is developed. The graphical method, combined with the parameters calculation methods, obviates the need of large mainframe computers for the analysis of power line carrier (PLC) systems.
A new technique for assessing coupling alternatives, based on Senn's method, is developed. The technique is applied to generate coupling recommendations; it is found that many of the current recommendations given elsewhere [21] are not reliable.
Finally, future work to be done in this field is proposed.Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Eyisi, Chiebuka. "Load Estimation for Electric Power Distribution Networks." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5935.
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In electric power distribution systems, the major determinant in electricity supply strategy is the quantity of demand. Customers need to be accurately represented using updated nodal load information as a requirement for efficient control and operation of the distribution network. In Distribution Load Estimation (DLE), two major categories of data are utilized: historical data and direct real-time measured data. In this thesis, a comprehensive survey on the state-of-the-art methods for estimating loads in distribution networks is presented. Then, a novel method for representing historical data in the form of Representative Load Curves (RLCs) for use in real-time DLE is also described. Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS) is used in this regard to determine RLCs. An RLC is a curve that represents the behavior of the load during a specified time span; typically daily, weekly or monthly based on historical data. Although RLCs provide insight about the variation of load, it is not accurate enough for estimating real-time load. This therefore, should be used along with real-time measurements to estimate the load more accurately. It is notable that more accurate RLCs lead to better real-time load estimation in distribution networks.
This thesis addresses the need to obtain accurate RLCs to assist in the decision-making process pertaining to Radial Distribution Networks (RDNs).This thesis proposes a method based on Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS) architecture to estimate the RLCs for Distribution Networks. The performance of the method is demonstrated and simulated, on a test 11kV Radial Distribution Network using the MATLAB software. The Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) criterion is used to justify the accuracy of the RLCs.M.S.E.E.
Masters
Electrical Engineering and Computing
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering
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Fletcher, Robert Henry. "Optimal distribution system horizon planning /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6018.
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Matavalam, Roop Kishore R. "Power distribution reliability as a function of weather." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0006668.
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Li, Xiaojuan. "Estimations of power system frequency, phasors and their applications for fault location on power transmission lines." University of Western Australia. School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0125.
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The thesis is devoted to the development of new algorithms for estimation of system frequency, power system phasors and transmission line fault location in the context of power system protection and control. A z-transform signal model combined with a nonlinear post-filtering scheme to estimate the operating frequency in a power system is first developed in the thesis. The signal model parameters are identified by an optimisation method in which the error between the model output and the actual signal that represents a voltage or current in the power system is minimised. The form and the structure of the signal model do not require iterations in the optimisation process for parameter identification. The system operating frequency is directly evaluated from the model parameters. Effects of noise and any frequency components other than the operating or supply-frequency on the accuracy are countered very effectively by applying a median post-filtering on the time series representing the frequency estimates derived from the model. Extensive simulation studies and comparisons with previously-published frequency estimation techniques confirm the high performance of the method developed in the thesis in terms of accuracy and time delay. With respect to power system phasor estimation, a method is developed based on waveform interpolation in the discrete time-domain to counter the spectral leakage errors arising in forming, by discrete Fourier transform (DFT), the supply frequency phasors representing power system voltages and currents when there are system frequency deviations from the nominal value. The interpolation scheme allows DFT evaluation to be performed with a time window length which is exactly equal to the fundamental period of the voltage or current waveform. Comparative studies presented in the thesis confirm the improvements achieved by the method proposed over other previouslypublished techniques in terms of accuracy and computing time. With the availability of accurate operating frequency and phasor estimates, an optimal fault location method based on multi-conductor distributedparameter line model is developed. The method is a general one which is applicable to any transmission line configurations, including multi-terminal lines. The fault location method is based on the minimisation of an objective function in which the fault distance is a variable. The objective function is formed from combining the phase-variable distributed-parameter equations of individual line sections from the fault point to the line terminals. The multivariable minimisation leads to high accuracy and robustness of the fault location algorithm in which any voltage/current measurement errors, including sampling time synchronisation errors, are represented in the estimation procedure as variables in addition to the fault distance. Extensive simulation studies are performed to verify that the method developed is highly accurate and robust. The thesis is supported by two international publications of which the candidate is a joint author.
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Yang, Xiaoguang Miu Karen Nan. "Unbalanced power converter modeling for AC/DC power distribution systems /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/1231.
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Ozel, Kerem. "Losses In Electric Distribution System." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12607916/index.pdf.
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The purpose of this thesis is to examine the technical losses in Electric Distribution Systems, the sources of the losses, minimum levels of the losses, ways to decrease the losses and current applications in Turkey. The wrong and weak parts of the current applications are determined and emphasized. Ways to decrease losses in Distribution Systems are advised.
The energy resources in the world are decreasing rapidly. There is a rapid growth in consumption. It is a must to use existing resources in most efficient way because there is no unlimited energy source. Losses in the electric distribution systems are one of the most important subjects because the most of the technical losses in electric systems occur in the distribution systems.
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Mercer, Douglas. "Thor's hammer deflected : a history of the protection of power systems from lightning, with special reference to Queensland, 1950 to 1995 /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20020712.164134/index.html.
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Pascalicchio, Agostinho Celso. "Perspectiva econômica e modelo de negócio da tecnologia de telecomunicação nas redes de distribuição de energia elétrica no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/86/86131/tde-07072011-142708/.
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Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a perspectiva econômica e modelo de negócio da tecnologia de telecomunicação nas redes de distribuição de energia elétrica. Essa integração entre a tecnologia de telecomunicação e a rede de distribuição constitui um sistema conhecido como rede inteligente ou smart grid. Neste estudo são analisados os modelos de rede inteligentes mais significativos do mundo, os quais ainda se encontram em fase inicial. Na análise da implantação da rede inteligente em diversos países, observa-se a existência de diferentes motivações. Por exemplo, no caso norte-americano, trata-se dos esforços do setor de energia em garantir a confiabilidade no abastecimento. Na Europa, há um grande comprometimento com a redução de carbono e gases causadores do efeito estufa. No Brasil, busca-se uma estratégia para melhorar aspectos técnicos da distribuição, diminuir as perdas técnicas, eliminar ou reduzir o roubo de energia e ajustar a oferta de energia com o crescimento urbano e industrial, aprimorando a regulamentação sobre o setor. Além da ausência de padrões de telecomunicação, que se constitui em restrição para todos os projetos de smart grid, o Brasil apresenta grandes entraves para a implantação da rede inteligente, como as tarifas elevadas para os consumidores, as dificuldades para um despacho ótimo das unidades geradoras, o elevado volume de perdas no sistema elétrico, o baixo consumo de eletricidade em termos per capita, o elevado número de medidores a serem substituídos e as diferentes características das concessionárias. Com o objetivo de eliminar ou reduzir esses entraves, propõe-se neste estudo um modelo de negócio que determina, como mais significativos, os investimentos em tecnologia da comunicação e em medidores bidirecionais. O modelo proposto avalia uma série de benefícios, dentre os quais destacam-se a redução das perdas comerciais e a redução das ligações informais. Adicionalmente, o modelo pode colaborar na modernização da rede de distribuição e para o crescimento do Produto Interno Bruto com menores investimentos em geração e transmissão e, portanto, com responsabilidade ambiental.This thesis aims at evaluating the economic perspective and business model of the telecommunications technology in the electric power distribution system. The integration between the telecommunications systems and the distribution electric grid constitutes a new system known as intelligrid or \"smart grid\". The analysis of the most important smart grid models in the world, which are still in initial stage, shows that different countries have different motivations for the smart grid deployment. For example, the deployment motivations in USA are mostly related to efforts of the power sector to ensure reliability of the energy supply. In Europe there is a big commitment to reduce carbon and greenhouse gases. In Brazil a strategy is being sought to improve the electric power distribution grid, reduce technical losses, eliminate or reduce the theft of electricity, and match energy supply to urban and industrial growth, improving regulation of the power sector. In addition to the lack of telecommunications standards, which is a constraint for all smart grid projects, in Brazil there are high barriers to the smart grid deployment, such as high tariffs to consumers, difficulties for an optimal dispatch of generating units, a high volume of losses in the electrical system, a low per capita electricity consumption, a large number of meters to be replaced, and the different profiles of the electric power distribution companies. Aiming at eliminating or reducing such barriers, a business model framework is proposed, which determines investments in communications technology and in two-way meters as the most significant ones. The proposed model evaluates a number of benefits, among which the most important are the reduction of commercial losses and the reduction of informal connections to the mains. Additionally, the model can assist in upgrading the power distribution system and the growth of GDP with lower investments in generation and transmission, and, therefore, with environmental responsibility.
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Xia, Xiuxian. "Dynamic power distribution management for all electric aircraft." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/6285.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, with the rapid development of electric and electronic
technology, the All-Electric Aircraft (AEA) concept has attracted more and
more attention, which only utilizes the electric power instead of conventional
hydraulic and pneumatic power to supply all the airframe systems. To meet the
power requirements under various flight stages and operating conditions, the
AEA approach has resulted in the current aircraft electrical power generation
capacity up to 1.6 MW. To satisfy the power quality and stability requirements,
the advanced power electronic interfaces and more efficient power distribution
systems must be investigated. Moreover, with the purpose of taking the full
advantages of available electrical power, novel dynamic power distribution
management research and design for an AEA must be carried out.
The main objective of this thesis is to investigate and develop a methodology
of more efficient power distribution management with the purpose of
minimizing the rated power generating capacity and the mass of the electrical
power system (EPS) including the power generation system and the power
distribution system in an AEA. It is important to analyse and compare the
subsistent electrical power distribution management approaches in current
aircraft. Therefore the electrical power systems of A320 and B777, especially
the power management system, will be discussed in this thesis.
Most importantly the baseline aircraft, the Flying Crane is the outcome of the
group design project. The whole project began in March 2008, and ended in
September 2010, including three stages: conceptual design, preliminary
design and detailed design. The dynamic power distribution management
research is based on the power distribution system of the Flying Crane.
The main task of the investigation is to analyse and manage the power usage
among and inside typical airframe systems by using dynamic power
distribution management method. The characteristics and operation process of
these systems will be investigated in detail and thoroughly. By using the
method of dynamic power distribution management, all the electrical
consumers and sub-systems powered by electricity are managed effectively.
The performance of an aircraft can be improved by reducing the peak load
requirement on board. Furthermore, the electrical system architecture,
distributed power distribution system and the dynamic power distribution
management system for AEA are presented. Finally, the mass of the whole
electrical power system is estimated and analysed carefully.
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Kline, Daniel B. "Graphical modeling of shipboard electric power distribution systems." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA276742.
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Bertling, Lina. "Reliability-centred maintenance for electric power distribution systems." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Electrical Systems, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3391.
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Davalbhakta, Aneesh. "Improved configurations of sensors for the measurement of tower footing resistance a thesis presented to the faculty of the Graduate School, Tennessee Technological University /." Click to access online, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1597632921&SrchMode=1&sid=4&Fmt=6&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1279309880&clientId=28564.
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Oka, Ashok A. "Reliability and restoration algorithms for electrical distribution systems." Diss., This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08232007-111001/.
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Lee, Seung Jae. "Configuration control of distribution feeders in normal and emergency states /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5923.
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Brown, Richard E. "Reliability assessment and design optimization in electric power distribution systems /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6036.
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Tong, Sai-kit. "A computer-aided measurement system for monopolar high-voltage direct-current coronating lines /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12321771.
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Cecchi, Valentina Miu Karen Nan. "A modeling approach for electric power transmission lines in the presence of non-fundamental frequencies/." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/2583.
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Chan, Morgan Hing-Lap. "Communication channel characteristics and behaviour of intrabuilding power distribution circuits." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25081.
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Intrabuilding power distribution circuits offer a number of unique advantages for local area networking. To enable the selection of proper error-control codes and protocols for reliable data communication services, error pattern statistics of intrabuilding power line channels are obtained. Also, error-causing disturbances are identified and their relationships to specific types of error patterns are determined. It is found that error occurrence is highly periodic, with periodicity being a function of the power line frequency which is nominally 60Hz in North America. Furthermore, results indicate that error pattern behaviour is relatively insensitive to communication carrier frequency and modulation schemes.
Based on the measurement results, hybrid ARQ with bit-interleaving is suggested for reliable data transmission at high data rate (19,200bps). Burst error correcting codes can be used to reduce decoder cost and complexity with some sacrifices in performance. At lower data rates (1,200bps or below), effective error control can be accomplished more easily.
Finally, the attenuation characteristics of a number of typical power line channels are presented. It is found that high frequency bypass can be used to improve signal transmission between different phases of the distribution transformer.Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Mbango, Fessor. "Investigation into alternative protection solutions for distribution networks." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1107.
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Thesis (MTech (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009Recently, due to concerns about the liberalization of electricity supply, deregulation and global impact on the environment, securing a reliable power supply has become an important social need worldwide To ensure this need is fulfilled, detailed investigations and developments are In progress on power distribution systems protection and the monitoring of apparatus which Is part of the thesis. The main objective of a protection schemes is mainly to keep the power system stable by isolating only the affected components or the section of the electricity network in which the fault has developed while allowing the rest of the network to continue operating. It is important to note that the protection equipment does not prevent faults from occurring, but it limits the damaging effect of the fault and protects other healthy equipment. This is only achieved if the protection system of the electrical network involved complies with the requirements and purpose of the electrical protection standards. These requirements include the Operational speed, Reliability, Security and Sensitivity. In conventional substations that are still existing Within the utilities networks, a number of long cables are then used to complete the links between substation equipment in order for them to communicate (hardwired). This method is uneconomical and is being phased out completely in the near future. Over the last few years a new standard for substation automation communication has been developed Within the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), the IEC 61850. This standard defines the integration requirements of multi-vendor compliant relays and other lED's for multiple protection schemes as well as control and automation techniques. In this particular thesis, Distribution protection is the area of interest, particularly the application of Time and Overcurrent protection schemes. A look into different protection alternatives and the application of new technologies for Electrical Power Distribution Systems that unify protection and control units so that they can be incorporated into Intelligent Substation as opposed to the most existing (conventional substation) is analyzed. The proposed algorithm has been verified through simulations of the CPUT and Eureka three phase power distribution systems. A testing Lab is also part of this thesis and Is meant for experiments as well as simulation performance in order to gain knowledge and skills for designing and engineer substations with lEG 61850 standards equiprnents. The results indicate that the reduction of copper wiring cable has increased and the communication speed has improved and simplified.
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Chen, William Wen-Hou. "An auxiliary power distribution network for an electric vehicle." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2284.
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The University of Canterbury purchased a modern Toyota MR2 sports car with the
intention of converting it into an electric vehicle. Similar to the common combustion engine
vehicles, electric vehicles requires power and control systems to operate the 12Vdc
auxiliaries, such as lights, indicators and wipers. Traditional technology results in a large
number of wires in the wiring harness. To reduce the number of wires, an alternative
method is to use a pair of control lines and a universal power connection around the
vehicle. This power and control system is named the "Power Distribution Network" and it
is implemented by using multiple power converters and a differential control system.
This thesis presents the design, implementation, and test results of the Power
Distribution Network for the MR2. The 300Vdc nominal battery voltage is converted to an
intermediate voltage of 48V. This configuration is considered more efficient than the usual
12V distribution system since smaller and lighter wires can be used to carry same amount
of power. The Power Distribution Network operates off the 48V intermediate voltage, and
provides 12V output power to drive all the auxiliaries in the vehicle. The Power
Distribution Network also has the ability of detect faults from the auxiliary loads as well as
turn on and off these loads.
The Power Distribution Network is implemented with two major systems: the
Auxiliary Power System, which consists of a 360W Cuk converter with current limiting
control circuits to step-down voltage from the 48V intermediate voltage to the 12V. The
other system is the CAN Control system, it is developed using micro-controllers and standalone
CAN controllers that control and monitor the auxiliary loads in the vehicle.
The prototype Power Distribution Network is fully operational and has been tested
with eight of 12V light bulbs which are used to simulate the auxiliary loads in the vehicle.
Experimental measurements show that the prototype is able to successfully control the light
bulbs under the full load condition. This confirms that in principle the Power Distribution
Network is suitable as the power and control system for the auxiliary loads in an electric
vehicle.
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Tiancheng, Zhang, and Zhang Yunlin. "High voltage Direct Current lines in the Chinese electric power system." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för tillämpad signalbehandling, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12757.
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Bachry, Andrzej. "Power quality studies in distribution systems involving spectral decomposition." Magdeburg : Univ, 2004. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0604/2005390390.html.
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Arunachalam, Suresh. "Expansion of an existing power system - a study." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : University of Missouri--Rolla, 1989. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Arunachalam_09007dcc805881ce.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri--Rolla, 1989.Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed October 7, 2008) Includes bibliographical references (p. 89).
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Lee, Cheuk-wing. "Transmission expansion planning in a restructured electricity market." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38959410.
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Mehryoon, Shah M. "Analysis and comparison of power loss and voltage drop of 15 kV and 20 kV medium voltage levels in the north substation of the Kabul power distrubution system by CYMDIST." Ohio : Ohio University, 2009. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1258137124.
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Morton, Anthony B. "Managed DC power reticulation systems /." Connect to thesis, 1999. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000655.
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Wang, Yen-Ju. "Modeling, prediction and mitigation of power distribution system voltage distortion caused by nonlinear loads /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9974696.
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Mthunzi, Everett Mondliwethu. "Performance analysis of a protection scheme based on P-class synchrophasor measurements." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2378.
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Thesis (MTech (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.Power grid and system protection advancement greatly depend on technological advances. Advent technologies like digital microprocessor type protective relays facilitate paradigm shifts, providing inimitable beneficial engineering adaptations. Phasor measuring technology provides one such technological advance. The onset and rapid development of the Phasor Measuring Unit (PMU) provides an excellent platform for phasor-based, power system engineering. Power transmission constitutes a critical section in the electric power system. The power system transmission lines are susceptible to faults which require instant isolation to establish and maintain consistent system stability. This research focuses on the study of transmission line protection based on P-Class synchrophasor measurements. The IEEE C37.238-2011 Precision Time Protocol (PTP) paradigm shift facilitates practical application of synchrophasors in protection schemes. Synchrophasor procession and accurate data alignment over wide areas support the hypothesis of a phasor-based transmission line differential protection. This research aims to directly implement P-Class synchrophasors in transmission line differential protection, employing synchrophasors to determine fault conditions and administer corresponding protective actions in wide area transmission lines. The research also aims to evaluate the operational characteristics of the synchrophasor-based transmission line differential protection scheme. The research deliverables include a laboratory scale Test-bench that implements the PMU-based transmission line differential protection scheme, and a differential protection utility software solution that follows guidelines specified by the C37.118-2011 standard for synchrophasors. The findings stand to evaluate performance of the PMU-based line differential protection scheme, verifying the protection model as an alternate, practical and feasible backup protection solution. The research deliverables include a synchrophasor-based current differential algorithm, software utility for implementing the PMU-based protection scheme and a Test-bench for concept and feasibility validation.
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Filipovic-Gledja, Visnja. "A probability based unified model for predicting electrical, mechanical and thermal characteristics of stranded overhead-line conductors." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ30086.pdf.
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Khaliq, Abdul. "Preventive control for the attainment of a dynamically secure power system." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13893.
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Angeles-Camacho, César. "Phase domain modelling and simulation of large-scale power systems with VSC-based FACTS equipment." Connect to e-thesis, 2005. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/849/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Glasgow, 2005.Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University of Glasgow, 2005. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Fallier, William F. "Analysis of system wide distortion in an integrated power system utilizing a high voltage DC bus and silicon carbide power devices." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/3006.
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This research investigates the distortion on the electrical distribution system for a high voltage DC Integrated Power System (IPS). The analysis was concentrated on the power supplied to a propulsion motor driven by an inverter with simulated silicon carbide switches. Theoretically, silicon carbide switches have the advantage of being able to withstand a very large blocking voltage and carry very large forward currents. Silicon carbide switches are also very efficient due to their quick rise and fall times. Since silicon carbide switches can withstand high voltage differentials and switch faster than silicon switches, the switching effects on the electrical distribution system were investigated. The current state of silicon carbide power electronics was also investigated. This research quantifies the current and voltage distortion over various operating conditions. A system model was developed using Matlab, Simulink, and SimPowerSystems. The model consisted of a synchronous generator supplying a rectifier and inverter set driving an induction motor. This induction motor simulates the propulsion motor for a Navy ship. This model had a DC link voltage of 10 kV in order to simulate future Navy IPS systems. The current and voltage distortion were compared to MIL STD 1399 and IEEE STD 519 and 45.Contract Number: N62271-97-G-0026