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1
Naumov, I. V., and D. N. Karamov. "On damage rate of overhead power transmission lines in power supply systems." Safety and Reliability of Power Industry 14, no. 2 (July 28, 2021): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24223/1999-5555-2021-14-2-92-99.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the damage rate of overhead power transmission lines (OPL) in medium-voltage electrical distribution networks of the Irkutsk region. The established International Indices that determine the level of reliability of the functioning of electric networks are considered, and information on the compliance of the condition of electric networks in Russia with these indices is analyzed. Analytical information on the damage rate of elements of these networks and their causes in Europe, America, and Russia is presented. The emphasis is placed on the fact that the most common damage is characteristic of overhead power lines, especially 6–10 kV lines. As an object of research, two branches of the Irkutsk electric grid company (IEC) were taken, one of which provides electricity to rural consumers, the other — mainly to consumers residing in the territory of the city Irkutsk. The characteristics of these electric networks, their territorial location and basic technical data are presented. To conduct analytical monitoring of the level of reliability of overhead power transmission lines, logs of disconnection of the Eastern and Southern electric networks of the IEC over a long-term period were used. On the basis of this information, tables of failures and their consequences in the studied electrical networks were compiled for monthly average data over the period under examination for various causes of damage. To plot time diagrams of the parameters under examination, computer programs were compiled in the Matlab system, the use of which made it possible to obtain visualization of changes in failures for various reasons for the electrical networks under consideration. The information on the time of power supply interruptions in these networks, as well as the amount of electricity underutilized by consumers during these interruptions and its cost are analyzed. It is shown that in the electric networks under consideration, most of the power failures are related to the territorial dispersion of these networks, and the low level of equipment controls and insufficient qualification of operating personnel, as evidenced by the significant number of failures for unknown reasons. Besides, a significant part of the failures is due to damage to the overhead line wires, switching equipment and the effect of wind load. Recommendations for improving the condition of power transmission lines and a number of measures aimed at improving the level of reliability of power supply are presented.
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Diamenu, Godwin. "Statistical Analysis of Electric Power Distribution Grid Outages." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 6, no. 3 (April 12, 2021): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2021.6.3.2406.
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Power systems in general supply consumers with electrical energy as economically and reliably as possible. Reliable electric power systems serve customer loads without interruptions in supply voltage. Electric power generation facilities must produce enough power to meet customer demand. Electrical energy produced and delivered to customers through generation, transmission and distribution systems, constitutes one of the largest consumers markets the world over. The benefits of electric power systems are integrated into the much faster modern life in such extent that it is impossible to imagine the society without the electrical energy. The rapid growth of electric power distribution grids over the past few decades has resulted in a large increment in the number of grid lines in operation and their total length. These grid lines are exposed to faults as a result of lightning, short circuits, faulty equipment, mis-operation, human errors, overload, and aging among others. A fault implies any abnormal condition which causes a reduction in the basic insulation strength between phase conductors or phase conductors and earth, or any earthed screens surrounding the conductors. In this paper, different types of faults that affected the electric power distribution grid of selected operational districts of Electricity Company of Ghana (ECG) in the Western region of Ghana was analyzed and the results presented. Outages due to bad weather and load shedding contributed significantly to the unplanned outages that occurred in the medium voltage (MV) distribution grid. Blown fuse and loose contact faults were the major contributor to unplanned outages in the low voltage (LV) electric power distribution grid.
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Mariscotti, Andrea. "Measuring and Analyzing Power Quality in Electric Traction Systems." International Journal of Measurement Technologies and Instrumentation Engineering 2, no. 4 (October 2012): 21–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmtie.2012100103.
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Power Quality phenomena in a broad sense, stationary and transient, are considered focusing on railway applications: dc and ac traction lines are considered, identifying the main sources (fixed, like substations, and moving, like vehicles), their characteristic emissions, how they propagate and combine along the traction lines and back to the three-phase ac supply lines. The analysis covers the railway standards applicable to the traction line and the industrial standards applicable to the ac feeding lines. The peculiarity of railway applications, that is the presence of moving distorting loads interconnected by a non-ideal transmission line and characterized by variable operating conditions and by the superposition of multiple sources with different dynamics, requires specific processing, analysis and visualization methods, that are addressed by means of examples based on real data.
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Lvov, Mikhail Yu, and Dmitriy Yu Kamnev. "Application of the 20 kV Voltage Class in the Electric Power Supply Systems of Modern Megalopolises." Vestnik MEI 5, no. 5 (2020): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/1993-6982-2020-5-83-88.
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Megacities are characterized by a high level of energy consumption, a significant density of electrical loads and increased requirements for the reliability of power supply to consumers. Traditionally in the USSR and further in Russia, voltage classes of 6 and 10 kV are used for urban distribution electric networks. The increasing density of electric load and electricity consumption does not allow in extremely cramped conditions of developing cities to provide electricity through existing cable lines with a voltage of 6-10 kV due to their limited bandwidth and lack of reliability. The technical condition of the equipment and cable lines in the 6-10 kV supply networks has significant physical and moral deterioration. Existing networks have insufficient redundancy and have practically exhausted their ability to connect new consumers. These circumstances required a decision to switch to a voltage class of 20 kV, which is a strategic direction for the development of medium voltage electrical networks in Moscow. According to this decision, since the 2000s, electric networks with a voltage of 20 kV have been actively developing in Russia and in Moscow. This article analyzes the implemented approaches to the use of an electric network of 20 kV in megacities of different countries.
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Kaliberda, I. V., S. S. Nefedov, and A. V. Pomerantsev. "Problems of Ensuring Seismic Resistance of Power Grid Facilities during Earthquakes." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 10 (October 2020): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2020-10-40-47.
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The electric grid system is the basis for functioning of the Unified electric power system of Russia and technologically isolated electric power systems. One of the most serious problems in the electric power industry is the aging of the fixed assets of already built and operating power grid facilities. The second problem is to clarify the seismic hazard of the territories of the Russian Federation in the direction of its growth. As a result, the number of power grid facilities fall into the zones of increased seismic hazard. In the zone of 7 points or more, approximately 30 % of the entire length of electric networks and transformer capacities are located. Information is provided about the characteristics of seismic load and how the objects respond to an earthquake. The experience of earthquakes testifies to the high vulnerability of the overhead power lines, cable power lines, substations, power transformers, relay protection equipment and automation under intense seismic loads. Information is provided about massive damage to the power grid during earthquakes in the territory of Russia, Armenia, and other countries of the world. Frequently occurring short circuits during earthquakes in electrical networks, at transformer substations, in electrical equipment elements of power grid facilities lead to fires. It is determined that power grid facilities have less seismic resistance than electric power generation facilities, than buildings and structures where electrical equipment is located. The problem of insufficiency of the current regulatory framework for ensuring seismic resistance of electric power facilities was also identified. Possible measures to prevent accident rate and increase the resistance, reliability, and seismic stability of power grid facilities in case of earthquakes are considered. The development of normative regulation will allow to take measures to ensure the seismic stability of power grid facilities in operation, and to ensure that control and supervision activities are carried out at a higher level.
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Kovalev, Adel', and Yury Vasil'evich Kolotilov. "MODIFICATION OF POWER CONTROL ALGORITHM ELECTRIC STATION." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Management, computer science and informatics 2020, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2072-9502-2020-3-90-98.
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Currently, the bulk of the information necessary for the implementation of supervisory control and the controllability of electrical equipment comes from telemechanics systems. A prerequisite for the construction of new electric power facilities or for the reconstruction of old ones is the introduction of telemechanics systems.
Telemechanics systems are actively developing and improving. Initially, all of them consisted of a controlled telemechanics center that monitors and controls the system, receiving and processing analog signals from analog measuring transducers via numerous direct cable communication lines. The main disadvantages of such an organization of telemechanical systems include a large amount of connecting cables, scaling difficulties and low metrological characteristics. With the advent of digital transmitters, it became possible to transmit signals from them in digital form, which reduced the number of connecting lines and simplified the scaling and fault tolerance of systems. Now with the help of one measuring transducer it is possible to measure several parameters at once. The main measured parameters of power plants include: current strength, phase voltages, AC frequency, active, reactive and apparent power.
This article describes the organization of the telemechanics and communication systems of the Astrakhan TPP-2. The analysis of the existing station power control algorithm is given. A variant of its modification is proposed. An example of the implementation of the proposed modification of the algorithm is described.
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Perzhabinsky, Sergey, and Valery Zorkaltsev. "Model for Power Shortage Estimation in Electric Power Systems." International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 1, no. 4 (October 2012): 70–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2012100105.
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This paper addresses the model for power shortage estimation in electric power systems. The model’s main component of methodology for analysis of electric power system (EPS) reliability that has been developed at the Energy Systems Institute, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy Sciences. The methodology is based on the Monte-Carlo method. Quality and implementation time of reliability analysis depend on realization of the model. The model is implemented in the computational software for electric power systems reliability analysis. The history of evolution of the model for power shortage estimation and mathematical properties of the model are discussed. The results of the state-of-the-art studies of the model for power shortage estimation in EPS are presented. The model for power shortage estimation in EPS with quadratic power losses in power lines is considered. Algorithms of the interior point method with quadratic approximations of constraints applied for realization of the model are discussed. Results of experimental studies of the algorithms are presented.
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Mohamed Tantawy, Mohamed, and S. Farrag. "Analysis of Electric Power Systems with Untransposed Transmission Lines.(Dept.E)." MEJ. Mansoura Engineering Journal 2, no. 2 (July 26, 2021): 14–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2021.185487.
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Bondarenko, A. V. "Innovative principles of electric power supply of non-traction power consumers of railway transport." Herald of the Ural State University of Railway Transport, no. 2 (2020): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/2079-0392-2020-2-44-50.
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The issues of fundamental changes of electric power-supply of non-traction devices, such as, line-section devices and systems of railway transport are addressed in the article. It is clearly shown that the possibility of electric power-supply of such consumers without using the common high-voltage line-section power-supply lines of alternative voltage of 6 or 10 kV and respective power-supply substations can be implemented in practice. The essence of the proposed is that the electric power-supply source is not a high-voltage power-supply line, but a device which converts potential mechanical energy of a train, moving along a line section between signal points of railway automatic block system, into electrical one. Putting the described power-supply devices into operation provides technical as well as economic advantages over currently and widely used power-supply systems. The conversion of energy is carried out by changing magnetic resistance of a magnetic circuit, which includes railway car wheel-set in motion and direct neodymium magnet. Change in magnetic resistance due to the law of electromagnetic induction results in alternate voltage in the inductance coil, which is used as the electric power-supply source for non-traction line-section power consumers, including but not limited to, signal point of railway automatic block system. In case there is no wheel-set on the converter, electric power-supply for the power consumer is delivered by the electric energy accumulated in an ionistor (supercapacitor).
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Alkhanafseh, Yousef Marwan, and Tahir Cetin Akinci. "A Python-Based Interface Design for Electric Power System Education." International Journal of Smart Grid and Sustainable Energy Technologies 4, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36040/ijsgset.v4i1.3905.
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Python, which is widely used today, is one of the open-source programming languages. In the Python program, its interface is done through the PyQt5 library. With PyQt5, it is possible to develop object-based software that takes up less space on the disk and runs faster. In this study, an educational calculation and analysis program (ITUPSA) was designed for the Electric power systems course using the Python interface. Electric power systems are one of the fundamental courses in electrical engineering. This main course is taught in three sub-course groups as energy transmission-distribution, energy flow and energy economy. The energy transmission-distribution course package constitutes the first and most comprehensive part of the electric power systems group. In the energy transmission-distribution, the creation of the transmission line model and the calculation of the line parameters form an important part of the training. This section contains very detailed mathematical calculations and it is very important that students get the correct result as a result of these calculations. This can be possible with a lot of practice. The interface design was made by students and faculty to teach practical examples correctly. This developed (ITUPSA) python-based interface program is very suitable for calculation and analysis exercises in both undergraduate and graduate courses in the Electrical Engineering department. The purpose of this study is to create a python-based interface in order to solve the problems related to these lines, to make the types of short, medium and long power transmission lines correct and understandable. In the study, after selecting the type of energy transmission line and all parameters related to the line, the necessary mathematical analysis can be made and also the analysis results can be plotted. The analysis program is available in two languages, English and Turkish.
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Ethmane, I. A., M. Maaroufi, A. K. Mahmoud, and A. Yahfdhou. "Optimization for Electric Power Load Forecast." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 3453. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3453-3462.
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Load flow studies are one of the most important aspects of power system planning and operation. The main information obtained from this study comprises the magnitudes and phase angles of load bus voltages, reactive powers at generators buses, real and reactive power flow on transmission lines, other variables being known. To solve the problem of load flow, we use the iterative method, of Newton-Raphson. Analysis of the found results using numerical method programmed on the Matlab software and PSS/E Simulator lead us to seek means of controlling the reactive powers and the bus voltages of the Nouakchott power grid in 2030 year. In our case, we projected the demand forecast at 2015 to 2030 years. To solve the growing demand we injected the power plants in the system firstly and secondly when the production and energy demand are difficult to match due to lack of energy infrastructures in 2030.It is proposed to install a FACTS (Flexible Alternative Current Transmission Systems) system at these buses to compensate or provide reactive power in order to maintain a better voltage profile and transmit more power to customers.
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Nithiyananthan, K., and Umasankar Umasankar. "Environment Friendly Voltage Up-gradation Model for Distribution Power Systems." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 6 (December 1, 2016): 2516. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i6.10098.
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<p>The main aim of this research work is to analyze and develop voltage up gradation procedure model for effective & economic power distribution in urban and suburban area. Voltage up gradation from 6.6KV to 11KV of the distribution power system network has been considered for the proposed research work. Electric power consumption has been increasing uninterruptedly, being this increase specially accelerated in the last few years. Nowadays electric lines are saturated; they are reaching critical values of ampere capacity and sag. Therefore, building new lines has been necessary to provide the ever increasing consumption. The difficulty to find new corridors to construct new distribution lines, underground cables is increasing in cities, industrial areas and in many cases it is simply impossible. The construction of new electric lines is increasing difficulty, thus there is a need to look at alternatives that increases the power transfer capacity. Voltage up gradation of the existing electric cables/lines of the distribution system is the most viable solution and it stresses on the savings of power due to a reduction in system losses when the voltage is high. The proposed research work is to develop and analyze voltage up gradation procedures and protocols for converting 6.6KV network into 11KV network in a distributed system. It also takes into account the expenses incurred in the process and the various other important constraints.</p>
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Nithiyananthan, K., and Umasankar Umasankar. "Environment Friendly Voltage Up-gradation Model for Distribution Power Systems." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 6 (December 1, 2016): 2516. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i6.pp2516-2525.
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<p>The main aim of this research work is to analyze and develop voltage up gradation procedure model for effective & economic power distribution in urban and suburban area. Voltage up gradation from 6.6KV to 11KV of the distribution power system network has been considered for the proposed research work. Electric power consumption has been increasing uninterruptedly, being this increase specially accelerated in the last few years. Nowadays electric lines are saturated; they are reaching critical values of ampere capacity and sag. Therefore, building new lines has been necessary to provide the ever increasing consumption. The difficulty to find new corridors to construct new distribution lines, underground cables is increasing in cities, industrial areas and in many cases it is simply impossible. The construction of new electric lines is increasing difficulty, thus there is a need to look at alternatives that increases the power transfer capacity. Voltage up gradation of the existing electric cables/lines of the distribution system is the most viable solution and it stresses on the savings of power due to a reduction in system losses when the voltage is high. The proposed research work is to develop and analyze voltage up gradation procedures and protocols for converting 6.6KV network into 11KV network in a distributed system. It also takes into account the expenses incurred in the process and the various other important constraints.</p>
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Aizenberg, Natalia, and Sergey Perzhabinsky. "Generation adequacy of electric power systems in market price setting." E3S Web of Conferences 114 (2019): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911403006.
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We propose the new model of generation adequacy optimization. Optimization criterion is a maximum of social welfare. Social welfare consists of profits of generating companies, consumer surplus, costs for development and servicing of electrical grids. In the article we present a review of existed methods of adequacy level management in liberalized electric power systems. Optimization of adequacy level is based on analysis of variants of development of the electric power system. For adequacy analysis of the variants of development we multiple estimate the electricity shortage in random hours of the system work. Analysis of the system work in every random hour is realized in two stages. At first we define values of equilibrium electricity demand in every system node and equilibrium price of electricity according to Cournot model. We consider only electricity market in the model. At the next stage we simulate failures of power generating equipment and transmission lines. The electricity shortage in a current hour is estimated on the second stage. After a whole cycle of analysis, we compute reliability indexes and profits of generating companies. Profits of generating companies are depended on the reliability of the electricity supply. The simulations of random values are based on Monte Carlo method.
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Belyaev, N. A., A. E. Egorov, N. V. Korovkin, and V. S. Chudny. "Economic aspects of ensuring the capacity adequacy of electric power systems." Safety and Reliability of Power Industry 12, no. 1 (April 10, 2019): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24223/1999-5555-2019-12-1-4-9.
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The present report deals with economic issues of selecting means ensuring the capacity adequacy of electric power systems. Cost analysis of various engineering measures ensuring the capacity adequacy has been performed, namely: construction of backup generating facilities, erection of new power transmission lines, or increase of transmission capacity of existing power lines. The cost-based analysis has been conducted based on investment programs and regulatory acts in place. Recommendations on developing computational models of power systems have been given based on the results obtained in order to assess the capacity adequacy parameters, with account made for the cost of various engineering measures to be taken for their improvement.In prevailing practice of calculation of capacity adequacy parameters, the structure of electric power systems transmission network is presented as a transport model which makes an aggregate of reliability zones and tie-lines between them of a given transmission capacity. The main objective of calculation of capacity adequacy parameters is to determine the required generating capacity redundancy level, i.e. the values of the capacity margin and its location within electric power systems to ensure a required level of capacity adequacy. With that in mind, when evaluating and accordingly when forming transport models, it should be useful to take into account the transmission constraints only for those power grid segments, whose cost of transmission capacity increase is comparable with that of construction of new generating facilities.On the basis of calculation data, one may state that for overhead electric lines of short or average length the cost of 1 kW of its transmission capacity will be considerably lower than that of installed capacity of a new generating facility, with the above costs comparable only with the length of the line close to its critical value. When forming transport models of electric power systems, it is useful to take into account not only the distance between electric power system nodes, but also their potential need of margin capacity. As far as remote nodes are concerned, if these are of low need in margin capacity, it should be reasonable to separate them as specifi c reliability areas.
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Kaganov, W. I., and Bui Huu Chuc. "Wireless power transmission." Russian Technological Journal 8, no. 6 (December 18, 2020): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2500-316x-2020-8-6-47-53.
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Electrical energy from power plants to industrial facilities and settlements is mostly transmitted by wire-connected air or underground lines covering vast territories. However, in some rare cases there is a need for wireless transmission of electrical power to objects located in hard-to-reach areas. The problem of wireless transmission of electrical energy will become especially urgent as space electric power industry based on the placement of solar power plants in outer space is being developed. In this regard, several countries are conducting studies on the problem of electrical energy transmission using both laser and microwave radiation. The fundamentals of building systems for wireless transmission of electrical energy over short distances using microwave radiation are considered. Two options for constructing such systems are analyzed and calculated: using parabolic antennas and using phased array antennas. For both options the main parameters of systems for wireless transmission of electrical energy at 200 m were calculated. In the first case, powerful microwave devices are used: a magnetron or a direct-flight klystron; in the second case, microwave powerful field-effect transistors. For the second option the summation of the powers of microwave generators by means of their mutual synchronization is proposed.
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Belyaev, Nikolay, Andrey Egorov, Nikolay Korovkin, and Vladimir Chudny. "Economic aspects of ensuring the capacity adequacy of electric power systems." E3S Web of Conferences 58 (2018): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185801010.
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The present report deals with economic issues of selecting means ensuring the capacity adequacy of electric power systems. Cost analysis of various engineering measures ensuring the capacity adequacy has been performed, they are as follows: construction of margin generating capacities, erection of new power transmission lines or increase of transmission capacity of existing power lines. The cost-based analysis has been conducted following investment programs and regulatory acts in place. Recommendations on developing computational models of power systems have been given based on the results obtained in order to assess the capacity adequacy indices with account made for the cost of various engineering measures to be taken for their improvement.
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Gracheva, E. I., and A. N. Alimova. "POSSIBLE ERRORS OF CALCULATIONS OF LOSSES OF THE ELECTRIC POWER ON SHOP INDUSTRIAL NETWORKS." Proceedings of the higher educational institutions. ENERGY SECTOR PROBLEMS 20, no. 11-12 (February 27, 2019): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2018-20-11-12-81-92.
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In the article it is devoted the analysis and researches of origins and values of possible errors from not accounting of the main defining characteristics when calculating losses of the electric power on shop networks of a low tension. It is proved that in case of determination of losses of the electric power in lines of shop networks it is necessary to consider influence of the following parameters of the equipment: the heating of conductors caused by passing of current of loading through conductors and ambient temperature; resistance of contact joints of switching devices and their number; type of the load graph; ambient temperatures. The diagram of a shop network and daily load graphs of customers of one of the enterprises is researched. Errors of calculations of losses of the electric power are calculated and the analysis of influence of parameters of the equipment on value of losses of the electric power is carried out. The absence of reliable information about elements of shop networks of a low tension and not accounting of the determining leads to an error 5 - 80% in case of computation of losses of the electric power in the systems of industrial electrical power supply.
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Al-Tameemi, Zaid H., Hayder H. Enawi, Karrar M. Al-Anbary, and Hussam M. Almukhtar. "Transient Stability Improvement of the Power Systems." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 12, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 916. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i3.pp916-923.
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<p>During the last few decades, electrical power demand enlarged significantly whereas power production and transmission expansions has been brutally restricted as a result of restricted resources as well as ecological constrains. Consequently, many transmission lines have been profoundly loading so the stability of power system became as Limiting factor for transferring electrical power. So, maintaining a secure and stable operation of the electric power networks is deemed an imporatant and challenge issue.transient stability of a power system has been gained a considerable attention from researchers dute to it importance . Therefore,this paper sheds light on A substantial number of the adopted techniques, including an inclease in inertia constant of generator, shunt capacitor, reduction reactance of the transmission line to acheive this purpose. A 7-Machine CIGRE system has been considered a case study. Matlab package has been employed to implement this study. The simulation results show that the transient stability of the repective system enhanced considerably with these techniques.</p>
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Santos, Ana Paula Paes dos, José Ricardo Santos de Souza, Everaldo Barreiros de Souza, Alexandre de Melo Casseb do Carmo, and Wanda Maria do Nascimento Ribeiro. "Electric systems failures produced by CG lightning in Eastern Amazonia." Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia 29, spe (December 2014): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-778620130028.
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Operational records of power outages of the electric energy distribution systems in eastern Amazonia presented a large number of events attributed to lightning strikes, during the 2006 to 2009 period. The regional electricity concessionary data were compared to actual lightning observations made by SIPAM's LDN system, over two areas where operational sub systems of transmission lines are installed. Statistical relations were drawn between the monthly lightning occurrence density and the number of power outages of the electric systems for both areas studied. The results showed that, although with some delays between these variables peaks, the number of power disruptions has a tendency to follow the behavior of the lightning occurrence densities variations. The numerical correlations were positive and may be useful to the transmission lines maintenance crews at least for the Belém-Castanhal electricity distribution sub system. Evidence was found, that the SST's over certain areas of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, influence convection over the area of interest, and may help to prognosticate the periods of intense electric storms, requiring repair readiness for the regional electric systems.
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Gagarinov, I. "Structures of high-power electric propulsion systems." Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 1, no. 395 (March 9, 2021): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2021-1-395-119-131.
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Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses structures of high-power electric propulsion systems for ships. The purpose was to give a summary of design solutions made in development of these systems. Materials and methods. This paper relies on academic and technical data, as well on the long-term author’s experience in marine electric propulsion R&Ds. The solution suggested by the author is based on the comparative analysis of design solutions adopted in the development of structures for high-power marine electric power and propulsion systems. Main results. Summary on design solutions for high-power electric propulsion systems of such ships as icebreakers, oil tankers, LNGCs and cruise liners. Conclusion. Results obtained by author were used in the design of the electric propulsion system of the «Lider» nuclear icebreaker and further could be used in design of Arctic vessels.
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Shemelova, O. V., E. V. Yakovleva, T. G. Makuseva, I. I. Eremina, and O. N. Makusev. "Solving optimization problems when designing power supply circuits." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 04011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912404011.
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One of the quickly developing trends in the optimization of electric power grids is system development of operation and optimization of branch circuits which are based on linear programming problems. One of its categories is traffic problem. The paper discusses the formulation of various types of transport optimization problems used in the design of the most efficient power supply systems in the real sector of economy. The construction of arithmetic models of problems is carried out. Their optimality criterion is cost minimization for the design of electrical network diagrams consisting of power lines connecting sources and consumers. Examples of designing optimization power layout in mathematical problems considering the transmission capacity of power lines is given. The paper also touches upon a mathematical problem considering possible transit of capacities. The task is to build a mathematical model and solve problems that ensure minimization of process losses and losses of power when designing electrical networks. The results of solving problems are presented in the form of power supply circuits corresponding to the most optimal linking of source and consumer nodes. The work is of a scientific and practical significance as it considers the problem of optimizing economic costs when designing electric power network schemes. Moreover it is based on a qualitatively different level of use of the traffic problem algorithm. The algorithm for solving the minimization problem obtained in this paper allows developing the necessary computing operations as well as quickly obtaining the results of solving the cost optimization problem in the designed electric power network.
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Yuan, Xiao Hua, and Xian Bin Dai. "Energy-Saving Analysis for Power System Reactive Power Compensation." Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (December 2012): 1151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.1151.
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The alternator output power in the power system can be divided into active and reactive power. The active power (in kW) is that part of the electrical energy for doing work and heat loss, such as the conversion of mechanical energy, heat, light. The reactive power (in kVar) is that part of the electrical energy for the exchange of electric and magnetic fields in the circuit, such as transformers, motors, through the magnetic field can be passed to convert electrical energy; transmission lines in cable systems and a variety of load reactance (inductance and capacitance), and consumption of reactive power. With the rapid development of power system to study how to reduce energy loss in the power system is a very meaningful. In this paper, The Shizuishan plant desulfurization project as an example, illustrates the shunt capacitor reactive power compensation of the power system energy saving.
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Zambrano Pinto, Alvaro A., and Javier Rosero Garcia. "Assessment of the Impact of Dynamic Line Rating on Reliability Indices of Level I Systems." Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) 12, no. 4 (August 23, 2019): 286–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2352096511666180531103420.
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Background: This paper evaluates the impact of implementing dynamic line rating on the reliability indices of an electric power system. Methods: In order to obtain this goal, the implementation process of a dynamic rating model that considers the required variables for its functioning is built. A validation of the model is performed based on the measurements of an ASCR conductor in laboratory. Results: Subsequently, a reliability analysis that includes the use of the dynamic rating is structured and the impact on the reliability indices of dynamic rating within the electrical system is verified. Conclusion: In this way, it was possible to observe that considering dynamic rating on the transmission lines represents a positive impact on the reliability indices within the electric power system and allows the optimization of the use of existing infrastructure.
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Bigun, A. Ya, E. P. Zhilenko, E. V. Petrova, L. V. Vladimirov, A. E. Obvintsev, and V. N. Mazko. "Domestic devices of control of electric power systems overhead lines parameters. //37." YOUNG RUSSIA: HIGH TECHNOLOGY – INTO INDUSTRY, no. 1 (2019): 037–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2310-4597-2019-1-37-40.
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Ibadullaev, M. I., A. N. Tovbaev, and A. Zh Esenbekov. "Self-oscillations at the frequency of subharmonics in nonlinear electric chains and systems." E3S Web of Conferences 139 (2019): 01054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913901054.
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It is known that the occurrence and existence of autoparametric oscillations (AIC) at the subharmonic frequency (GHC) in power lines (power lines) and in power supply systems is extremely undesirable, since they cause ferroresonant overvoltages at different frequencies. At the same time, there is an extensive class of nonlinear electric circuits in which the excitation of the AIC at the frequency of the SGC forms the basis of frequency-converting devices serving as secondary power sources. It is shown that single-phase-three-phase nonlinear systems are, to one degree or another, equivalent circuits of power lines, the main elements of which are: longitudinal compensation capacitors, transverse compensation reactors, and transformers with non-linear characteristics. The regularities of the excitation of the GCC at the frequency (ω / 3) of the power lines were studied, theoretical and experimental studies of the equivalent model of single-phase-three-phase circuits with nonlinear inductance were carried out. For a theoretical analysis of the steady-state mode of SGK at a frequency (ω / 3) with inductive coupling, the frequency- energy approach is used. The conditions of existence and critical parameters of the circuit are determined, and the mechanism of the appearance of the SGC at the frequency (ω / 3) is also studied.
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Gorodnov, A. G., V. Yu Kornilov, and Majid Abdulhameed Abdulhy Al-Ali. "The methodology for design of autonomous power supply system of oil producing company optimized on length and number of generation centers." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 22, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2020-22-1-69-76.
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Improving energy efficiency and reducing the cost of creating an electrical complex of autonomous power supply for an oil-producing enterprise is an urgent problem and requires a rational solution. The goal is the construction of energy-efficient electrical systems of autonomous power supply for oil-producing enterprises, leading to a reduction in the unit cost of electricity per unit of production. A methodology for constructing an autonomous power supply system for an oil producing enterprise, optimized in length and number of generation centers is present. The results presented in the work were obtained using methods of the theory of electric and magnetic circuits, theory of electric drive, methods of optimization of power supply systems, methods of mathematical and computer modeling. The configuration of the power supply system of oil producing enterprises and the efficiency of its work is analyze. To test the efficiency of the methodology, the power supply system of an oil producing enterprise is simulate in the RTDS software package. The results of the work were introduced and used in the creation of energy-efficient electrical systems for autonomous power supply to oil-producing enterprises based on autonomous diesel generators and optimized by the length of power lines and the number of generation centers. Implementation of the results of the work allows reducing the specific energy consumption per unit of extracted products and reducing the cost of building an energy-efficient electrical complex of autonomous power supply for oil-producing enterprises.
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Stepanov, I. I., N. P. Ganyukova, and A. A. Khanova. "Identification of Electric Power Losses on the Basis of Systematization of Registration Data." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 23, no. 2 (July 9, 2019): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2019-23-2-124-136.
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Purpose of research. is cost reduction of electric grid companies due to development of information management system of commercial losses. Implementation of an information system provides information systematization and formation of electric power balances capable to output information about losses on various sites of network structure such as 0.4 kV air and cable power lines.Methods. Losses estimate method which uses summarized information about network schemes and loadings. This method includes calculation of electric power losses on the basis of losses dependence on total length and lines, total power and equipment received on the basis of technical parameters of lines and equipment or statistical data.Results. There is a problem with losses tracking of electric power on various voltage levels in many power supply organizations. It is connected as with lack of functionality in existing information systems of cuts formation on various levels of network structure and also with network structure maintenance on each connected subscriber. Electric power supply organizations have no opportunity to trace electric power transport systemically from supplying elements (tires of substations) to 0.4 kV air and cable lines of low voltage transfer. It happens due to hierarchy lack in existing structures of supplying elements. It is impossible to define on what network sites losses exceed admissible norms and manage them without registration data systematization.Conclusion. Information system was implemented on the basis of an objective which systematizes registration data and forms electric power balances on various levels of network structure. Review results (data collection) have information about alleged commercial losses on definite electric network sites.
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Marikin, Alexander, and Kseniya Stepanova. "Optimization specificities of electric propulsion power supply subsystem on railway transport." Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University, no. 3 (September 20, 2018): 414–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2018-3-414-425.
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Objective: To assess the basic factors, innovative technologies, on the basis of which an integrated network of electrified lines of high-speed rail is to be created in Russia. Methods: Optimization of the traction power supply system according to characteristic criteria of resources and energy efficiency minimization. Results: Quality indices of power supply of hauling operations, voltage level of collectors for different electric propulsion systems with direct and single-phase alternating current were analyzed. The key factors, significantly influencing the performance indices, are the voltage level and type of current of an electric powered network. It was shown that the system of electric propulsion is a promissory system and possesses the best competitiveness indices, as its electric power supply subsystem is functioning on high-voltage direct current with the use of a 24 kW direct current electric stock on the basis of a new multipurpose generation converting complex. Practical importance: The suggested justification method of electrification variant by means of a dependence diagram depicting spacing between substations and catenary wire section makes it possible to justify a competitive high-voltage direct current electric propulsion system during the design of electric power infrastructure for busy railway lines.
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Abdullazyanov, Ainur F., Alexander I. Fedotov, Marat N. Khabibullin, Linar I. Abdullin, and Georgii V. Vagapov. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE POSSIBILITY TO SINGLE OUT THE MODE OF SINGLE-PHASE CLOSURE TO THE GROUND IN THE CIRCUIT 6– 10 kV BY THE INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM OF ELECTRICITY METERING." Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta, no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/1810-1909-2020-3-5-15.
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The problem of increasing the reliability of electricity supply is relevant at the current stage of electric power systems development both in the territory of the Russian Federation and in foreign electric power systems. One of the ways to improve the reliability of electricity supply is to prevent the development of emergency situations on overhead power transmission lines as the most important components of electric power systems, which is confirmed by a substantial number of annual domestic and foreign publications. Preventing the development of emergency situations is largely facilitated by early detecting the signs of emergency modes onset in the functioning of all voltage classes’ electric networks. At the same time, the development of intelligence systems for technical and commercial electricity metering opens up new opportunities for monitoring numerous parameters of different operational modes of electrical networks, including those of 6-10-35 kV voltage with isolated neutral operation mode. Numerous works of author’s teams are devoted to the theoretical analysis of the possibility to early detect the diagnostic signs of emergency signals. However, existing publications do not always present the results of field experimental studies in existing electrical networks on the subject under consideration, which demonstrates some discrepancy between theoretical provisions and the possibility of their practical implementation. The present article attempts to assess the possibility of practical implementing the part of theoretical provisions on early detection of diagnostic signs for emergency regimes and, as a result, increase reliability of electricity supply. At the same time, the article presents the results of the field study the basis of which were used to open up current possibilities of early detecting the diagnostic signs of emergency regimes on the example of individual singling out higher harmonic components of currents and voltages, including when using already existing intelligence electricity metering systems installed in the existing electrical distribution systems with the voltage of 10 kV. At the same time, the article demonstrates implementability and further development of online monitoring of emergency modes in electric networks functioning on the example of identifying a single-phase ground fault, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the costs of temporary and material resources when localizing the single-phase closure zone.
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Kumar, Abhishek, Pramod Kumar Rathore, and Dr Ashok Kumar Jhala. "Analysis of Six-Phase Transmission Lines for Increasing Power." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE 6, no. 4 (April 10, 2020): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijoscience.v6i4.281.
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In the India, especially in metropolitan areas, transmission infrastructure is congested due to a combination of increasing load demands, declining investment, and aging facilities. It is anticipated that significant investments will be required for new construction and upgrades in order to serve load demands. This paper explores higher phase order systems, specifically, six-phase, as a means of increasing power transfer capability, and provides a comparison with conventional three-phase double circuit transmission lines. Line parameters calculations performed in this thesis show that line impedances in six-phase lines have a slight difference, compared to three-phase double circuit line. The electric and magnetic fields calculations show that, ground level electric fields of the six-phase lines decline more rapidly as the distance from center of the lines increase. The six-phase lines have a better performance on ground level magnetic field. Based on the electric and magnetic field results, right of way requirements for the six-phase lines and three-phase double circuit line were calculated. The calculation results of right of way show that six-phase lines provide higher power transfer capability with a given right of way.
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Verdejo, Humberto, Pablo Moreira, Wolfgang Kliemann, Cristhian Becker, and José Delpiano. "An Analytical Model for Small Signal Stability Analysis in Unbalanced Electrical Power Systems." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (December 10, 2020): 8855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248855.
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This paper presents a general model to carry out a small signal stability analysis in electrical power systems (EPSs) that operate in unbalanced conditions. The classic traditional approach is based on a phase representation where it is supposed that the triphasic electric grid does not suffer any variations during its operation. With the presence of unbalances in transmission lines and loads, it is necessary to develop a general model that allows answering the needs and challenges with which modern electric systems must deal. The present work firstly intends to address the three-phase representation of an EPS, including the controllers. The proposed model is applied to a classical test system, a three machine-nine bus system, considering all the dynamic and algebraic variations associated with angular stability analysis. The proposed approach to small signal stability analysis shows results that differ from the classical analysis. The results are backed up with time domain simulations, and therefore, these results could be used in the calculation of the controllers that operate in unbalanced multimachine systems.
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Shishkov, Evgeny, Valery Goldstein, and Ivan Krivihin. "Open Overhead Transmission Lines." Applied Mechanics and Materials 792 (September 2015): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.792.293.
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Ultra High-Voltage Overhead Lines (UHV OHL) currently are successfully applied for solving two problems. The first case is powerful interconnection of two or more electric power systems. The second one is transition of significant power flows from generation areas to consuming areas – densely populated urban agglomerations and industrial centers. Longitudinal compensation installations are integral part of long-distance UHV OHL. The possibility of designing self-compensated OHL is considered in the paper.
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Domanskyi, I., and О. Kozlova. "DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY ELECTRICAL NETWORKS OF TRACTION SUBSTATIONS." Municipal economy of cities 1, no. 154 (April 3, 2020): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-1-154-8-15.
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In the paper on the basis of the analysis of classical power schemes traction substations of railways and urban electric transport conceptual directions of development of electric networks of external power supply of traction substations in the conditions of market economy and normative requirements of the electric power industry of Ukraine are developed, which allow to provide energy saving modes of their operation. Based on system analysis of domestic and foreign traction power supply systems of railways and electric transport of large cities, the concept of their development is substantiated and proposed by increasing the supply voltage of traction substations and minimizing capacity upflows and energy losses, which provides resource and energy savings. It is suggested that the investment programs of the structures that are part of Corporation «Ukrzaliznytsia» and the municipal services be synchronized according to their technological indicators, as well as according to the criteria of energy efficiency and quality of energy supply with similar investment programs of external energy. For reduction of energy losses, it is proposed: realization of rational schedule of train movement and deep high voltage inputs with the prospect of transition to own 110 kV distribution networks, modernization and equipping of modern rolling stock electrical equipment and infrastructure of the main and perspective directions of the railways. The need to expand tram and trolleybus lines and modernize power supply devices in terms of resource conservation requires new technologies for the design, construction and operation of the facilities of municipal enterprise «Miskelektrotransservice». Such technologies have been implemented by the «DAK-Energetika» enterprise in the manufacture of modern electrical equipment of municipal enterprise «Miskelektrotransservice» TS. The most important tasks are the improvement of stationary and mobile substations and other linear facilities of traction power supply by completing functional modular blocks with modern switchgear with digital relay protection and diagnostics of traction networks; local and remote control of switchgear devices, as well as switch diagnostics and self-diagnosis. Keywords: external power supply, traction substations, electrical networks, power systems operation modes.
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Karczewski, Mirosław, Leszek Szczęch, and Filip Polak. "Are We Ready for Electric Cars?" Journal of KONES 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kones-2019-0059.
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Abstract Cars with electric drive are becoming more fashionable. More and more of them appear on the roads, especially in the centres of big cities. However, electric cars must be charged, preferably from high-power energy sources. In domestic environment, (if somebody owns a house) power available is usually of 10-16 kW. Users have to increase the level of household power or charge the car for several hours, because car charger is not the only home energy receiver. Some of the users are installing energy storage systems solution based on energy storage systems but this require additional expenses for batteries, inverter, circuit breakers and additional equipment. Other disadvantages of such solution are that they are mostly dedicated for stand-alone houses. What could be done by electric cars owners who live on the 10th floor in a block of flats? What would happen if everyone in the same time decided to buy an electric car? What will happen if everyone at the same time charges his or her cars? Do we have an adequate supply of energy potential? On the other hand, do we need to build new energy power plants? Will the electric grid cope with such a load or will have to build new transmission lines, transformer stations, and charging stations?
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Dong, B., D. W. Danskin, R. J. Pirjola, D. H. Boteler, and Z. Z. Wang. "Evaluating the applicability of the finite element method for modelling of geoelectric fields." Annales Geophysicae 31, no. 10 (October 10, 2013): 1689–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-1689-2013.
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Abstract. Geomagnetically induced currents in power systems are due to space weather events which create geomagnetic disturbances accompanied by electric fields at the surface of the Earth. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the use of the finite element method (FEM) to calculate the magnetic and electric fields to which long transmission lines of power systems on the Earth are exposed. The well-known technique of FEM is used for the first time to simulate magnetic and electric fields applicable to power systems. Several test cases are modelled and compared with known solutions. It is shown that FEM is an effective modelling technique that can be applied to determine the electric fields which affect power systems. FEM enables an increased capability beyond the traditional methods for modelling electric and magnetic fields with layered earth conductivity structures, as spatially more complex structures can be considered using FEM. As an example results are presented for induction, due to a line current source, in adjacent regions with different layered conductivity structures. The results show the electric field away from the interface is the same as calculated for a single region; however near the interface the electric field is influenced by both regions.
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Glazunova, Anna M., and Elena S. Aksaeva. "Estimation of Total Transfer Capability in Intersystem Tie Lines of Electric Power Systems." IFAC-PapersOnLine 51, no. 32 (2018): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.11.405.
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Khushiev, Sirojiddin, Oybek Ishnazarov, Obid Tursunov, Urolboy Khaliknazarov, and Bekhzod Safarov. "Development of intelligent energy systems: the concept of smart grids in Uzbekistan." E3S Web of Conferences 166 (2020): 04001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016604001.
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In the process of energy reform, liberalization and deregulation of the electricity market, a number of features have been identified that are related to the fact that in the conditions of market relations, the economic benefit and the price of electricity for consumers become a priority. There is certain isolation of networks and power lines from generation facilities; attention is lost to such an important problem as the reliability and safety of power supply. In this situation, the load on the power elements of the electric network increases, there is a need to create appropriate reserves of generating capacities, to increase the throughput of electric networks. All this involves increasing the role of system operators and improving supervisory control systems. The strategic goal of this study was to analyze the development of the electric power complex by the creation of smart grid systems as a platform for market, managerial and technological innovations that provide a transition to a new level of development of the electric power industry in Uzbekistan.
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Zeńczak, Michał. "Method of estimating the exposure of the natural environment to 50 Hz electric and magnetic fields in power systems with distributed and centralized generations." Archives of Electrical Engineering 65, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aee-2016-0021.
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Abstract The development of a distributed generation will influence the structure of the power transmission and distribution network. Distributed sources have lower power and therefore the lines of lower voltage are used. Therefore, the electric field intensity near such lines is lower. On the other hand magnetic field intensity may prove essential. The main aim of the paper is to present a method estimating the “ballast” of the natural environment at 50 Hz electric and magnetic fields in the power system, with distributed and centralized generation in real operating conditions.
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Zorkaltsev, V. I., L. M. Lebedeva, and S. M. Perzhabinsky. "Model for estimating power shortage in electric power systems with quadratic losses of power in transmission lines." Numerical Analysis and Applications 3, no. 3 (July 2010): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1995423910030043.
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Golov, V. P., A. V. Kalutskov, D. N. Kormilitsyn, and O. S. Sukhanova. "Aperiodic steady-state stability criterion of electric power system with controlled series compensation on 200 kV line." Vestnik IGEU, no. 6 (December 28, 2020): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2020.6.014-024.
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Currently there is a need to synchronize operation of the electric power system in the remote areas and increase of existing lines transmission capacity. The construction of new power transmission lines involves high economic expenditures. Well-known papers consider the issues of application of controlled series compensation devices only for long-distance power transmission lines with voltage of 500 kV and higher to increase the transmission capacity and the level of stability. The aim of the study is to increase the stability and the limit of the transmitted power when controlled series compensation devices are installed on 220 kV lines. It is necessary to develop a criterion of aperiodic steady-state stability of an electric power system with a 220 kV-controlled power transmission line. Methods of mathematical modeling of electric power system, the theory of long-distance power transmission lines and electromechanical transients, and methods of analyzing electric power system stability were used. A.M. Lyapunov’s first approximation method was used to develop a simplified mathematical model. We applied the developed software as a simulation tool. An analysis was carried out to study the influence of series compensation devices regulation coefficients on the aperiodic steady-state stability of the electric power system and the transmission capacity of 220 kV power transmission lines. A change in the modulus of voltage drop at the power transmission and the angle characteristics under the influence of the regulation coefficients of the series compensation device was revealed. A criterion of aperiodic steady-state stability has been developed for systems of this kind with controlled series compensation. It differs from traditional ones by considering the changes in the voltage drop in the power transmission and it allows more accurate estimation of the proximity to the stability threshold. An assessment of aperiodic steady-state stability according to the formulated criterion for an electric power system with a controlled series compensation device on a 220 kV line was obtained. The values of the control coefficients of the series compensation device have been determined. No violation of the steady-state stability occurs under the given values. The results can be used to solve the issues of increasing the transmission capacity of transmission lines to improve the stability of the system.
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Deltuva, Ramūnas, and Robertas Lukočius. "Electric and magnetic field of different transpositions of overhead power line." Archives of Electrical Engineering 66, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 595–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aee-2017-0045.
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AbstractIn Lithuanian and Polish electric power supply systems, the power transmission lines of 400 kV voltage represent one of the most potential sources of electric and magnetic fields generation. The 400 kV double-circuit overhead power transmission line and its surrounding environment were herby described and simulated through Finite Element Method usingCOMSOL Multiphysicsoftware package. This study includes magnetic and electric field calculations. The study shows that the values of magnetic field strength and electric field strength present in the vicinity of a 400 kV overhead power transmission line tend to exceed limit values established in the Normative. Measurements are suggested to be taken for the purpose of finding maximum values of magnetic and electric field strength. To reduce these values, it is recommended to increase the height of supports, and restrict human personal and economic activities.
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Yurov, Alexander, Alexander Voronov, Alexey Lukonin, and Vasiliy Yurov. "High-voltage smart electricity metering of 110 kV digital electric networks." E3S Web of Conferences 279 (2021): 01029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127901029.
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Were considered the technical solutions sufficient for the development of smart systems for automatic information and measurement metering of electrical energy and monitoring of overhead power transmission lines of the 110-220 kV electrical grids, considering the integration of the data flow into Scada-systems of digital substation workplaces in all the accordance with the standard protocols of IEC 61850. The device allows you to control the quality of transmitted electricity, remotely monitor the condition of the line, thereby increasing the reliability of power supply and power flows in the power system, reducing the cost of operational teams for their inspection.
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TUDORACHE, Tiberiu, and Andrei MARINESCU. "CALCULUL CÂMPULUI ELECTRIC ASOCIAT UNUI CUPLOR INDUCTIV DESTINAT TRANSFERULUI DE PUTERE WIRELESS." "ACTUALITĂŢI ŞI PERSPECTIVE ÎN DOMENIUL MAŞINILOR ELECTRICE (ELECTRIC MACHINES, MATERIALS AND DRIVES - PRESENT AND TRENDS)" 2020, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.36801/apme.2020.1.17.
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"Contactless or wireless power transmission has become a widespread disruptive technology. Although known for more than 100 years, it is the result of the unprecedented development of microelectronics and power electronics in recent decades. Numerous technical solutions for near-field energy transmission at different power and frequency levels are currently established: capacitive electric field transmission (CPT), inductive magnetic field transmission (IPT), multi-coil transmission and simultaneous transmission via electric field and magnetic field as a combination of the first two. The materialization of the contactless transmission is achieved in theory and practice through different types of contactless coupling circuits, generically called ""contactless couplers"". The inductive coupler can be considered as an electrical transformer in air or with open magnetic circuit in which the primary (Tx) and the secondary winding (Rx) can occupy different positions from each other depending on the application [1]. It is considered a representative element for WPT (Wireless Power Transfer) systems currently used from transferred powers of several watts to tens or hundreds of kilo-watts. To increase the transfer efficiency, the coupler works at high frequencies, of the order of kHz or MHz and in some cases has planar windings, of different shapes, made of litz wire and usually has magnetic flux concentrators [2]. Any inductive coupler is integrated into a complex transmission system, consisting of many other components [3]. In addition to the electromagnetic calculation widely presented in other works, open magnetic circuit construction produces electric and magnetic scattering fields that have a negative effect on both electrical and electronic equipment in the vicinity and on human health if the exposure exceeds certain thresholds. These thresholds are indicated by international standards and requirements [4-5] achieved by applying the precautionary principle [6] so that they can be reviewed periodically and are not mandatory unless they are taken over in national law. In this paper we analyze by the finite element method, in approximate 2D, the electric field produced by an inductive coupler in various simplified construction variants and calculate certain related quantities of practical importance such as: electric field distribution in the field of calculation, electric field strength in the vicinity of the inductive coupler, equipotential lines, reactive power, equivalent capacities."
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Li, Liusong, Weichao Jin, Meiyan Shen, Li Yang, Fei Chen, Lei Wang, Chao Zhu, Haiwei Xie, Yating Li, and Tianhan Zhang. "Coordinated Dispatch of Integrated Energy Systems Considering the Differences of Multiple Functional Areas." Applied Sciences 9, no. 10 (May 22, 2019): 2103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9102103.
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A large amount of wind turbine power and photovoltaic power is abandoned in many areas with abundant renewable energy due to thermal-electric coupling, inadequate local consumption capacity, and limited capacity of transmission lines, etc. To solve the above problems, a coordinated dispatching method for integrated energy systems is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the spatiotemporal characteristics of diversified loads in multiple functional areas are introduced, including the inertia and elasticity of heating/cooling loads, the spatiotemporal distribution of electric vehicles, and the optimum transmission distance of diversified loads, etc. Secondly, a coordinated dispatching model of integrated energy systems is proposed, which considers the differences of multiple functional areas and various forms of energy systems. Finally, an actual distribution system in Jianshan District, Haining, Zhejiang Province of China is investigated for demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results illustrate that the proposed model could effectively improve the consumption rate of renewable energy and reduce the volatility of renewable energy by considering the coordination of electric vehicles, tie lines, and heating/cooling systems in multiple functional areas.
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Kim, Soobae, and Injoo Jeong. "Vulnerability Assessment of Korean Electric Power Systems to Late-Time (E3) High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulses." Energies 12, no. 17 (August 29, 2019): 3335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12173335.
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High-altitude electromagnetic pulses (HEMPs) are bursts of electromagnetic energy that result from nuclear weapon detonations at altitudes at or above 30 km. A HEMP is comprised of three components: E1, E2, and E3. E1 and E2 are instantaneous emissions that can damage electronic components, whereas E3 generates low-frequency, geomagnetically-induced currents in transmission lines and power transformers. These currents can lead to the half-cycle saturation of power transformers and increased reactive power consumption. This study assessed the impact of the E3 HEMP on Korean electric power systems. For this assessment, two publicly available E3 HEMP environments were identified. A Direct Current (DC)equivalent model of Korean power systems was developed to calculate the geomagnetically-induced currents and increased the reactive power absorption of transformers in power systems. The vulnerability assessment involved two types of analysis: Static power flow analysis and dynamic transient stability analysis. The maximum electric field limit was determined by performing a steady-state analysis. The capability of the Korean electric power systems to maintain synchronism and acceptable voltages in the transient stability time frame following an E3 HEMP event was evaluated. Furthermore, the effects of detonations at five target locations were compared. It was concluded that Korean electric power systems cannot maintain their stability when affected by an E3 HEMP.
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Aizenberg, Natalia, and Sergey Perzhabinsky. "Model of adequacy optimization of electric power systems under market conditions." E3S Web of Conferences 58 (2018): 02020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185802020.
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We present a new model of adequacy optimization of electric power systems under market conditions in the article. Optimization is realized by a criteria of maximum of social welfare. Social welfare includes profits of generating companies according penalties of unreliable electricity supply, consumer surplus, costs for development and servicing of electricity grids. Adequacy analysis of variants of development of electric power system is based on multiple estimation of electricity shortage in a random hour of system work. We analyze system work in each of a random hour in two stages. For the first stage we define equilibrium electricity demand in each system node and equilibrium price of electricity according to Cournot model. For the next stage failures of power generating equipment and transmission lines are simulated. We also estimate of electricity shortage in a current hour on the second stage. Reliability indexes and profits of generating companies are formed after a whole cycle of computations. Values of a profit are depended on reliability of electricity supply. Simulation of random values is carried out by the Monte Carlo method.
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Taslimov, A. D., A. S. Berdishev, M. V. Melikuziev, and F. M. Rakhimov. "Method of selecting parameters of cable lines distributive networks 10 kv in uncertainty conditions." E3S Web of Conferences 139 (2019): 01082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913901082.
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The article discusses the task of selecting the optimal number of types and values of standard cable sections of urban distribution electric power supply systems under conditions of uncertainty of electric load development using zoning method and proves the expediency of using a very limited number of standard cable sections (application of one or two standard cable sections at wide range of load DNsity variation).
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Kalpaktsoglou, Dimitrios, Anastasios Tsiakalos, and Μanos Roumeliotis. "The Thyristor Switched Parallel Capacitors (TSPC) Converter for Power Factor Correction in Wind Power Systems." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 16 (August 4, 2021): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232016.2021.16.15.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a novel power factor correction circuit suitable for low-speed electric generators usually used in direct drive wind turbines. The Thyristor Switched Parallel Capacitors (TSPC) circuit belongs to the Controlled Series Capacitor (CSC) circuits. Those circuits have been used in power transmission lines to correct the power factor and improve the performance of the electrical system. Such a circuit can be used in wind power systems to improve and maximize the efficiency of a wind turbine. A typical direct-drive wind power system employs variable speed electric generators, but the downside is that systems like that suffer from high and variable inductive reactance. In order to correct the power factor and to improve the efficiency of the system, the inductive reactance of the generator must become equal in value to the capacitive reactance. A TSPC circuit uses a set of capacitors, connected in series with anti-parallel thyristors. In every cycle, a controller triggers the appropriate thyristors, allowing the current to pass from the capacitor which then provides the system with the capacitive reactance that matches the generator’s inductor reactance. Therefore, the TSPC circuit is able to counteract for any reactive losses and improve the power factor, as well as, the efficiency. This paper introduces this novel power factor correction circuit that employs capacitors in parallel configuration. This circuit was simulated in PSPICE and was implemented and tested in the lab. Based on the simulation and implementation results, we discuss the benefits as well as the drawbacks of the proposed circuit
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Suliman, Mohammed Y., and Mahmood T. Al-Khayyat. "Power flow control in parallel transmission lines based on UPFC." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 9, no. 5 (October 1, 2020): 1755–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i5.2290.
Full textAbstract:
The power flow controlled in the electric power network is one of the main factors that affected the modern power systems development. The unified power flow controller (UPFC) is a FACTS powerful device that can control both active and reactive power flow of parallel transmission lines branches. In this paper, modelling and simulation of active and reactive power flow control in parallel transmission lines using UPFC with adaptive neuro-fuzzy logic is proposed. The mathematical model of UPFC in power flow is also proposed. The results show the ability of UPFC to control the flow of powers components "active and reactive power" in the controlled line and thus the overall power regulated between lines.