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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Electric motors, Direct current - Electric motors, Direct current

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Academic literature on the topic 'Electric motors, Direct current - Electric motors, Direct current'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Electric motors, Direct current - Electric motors, Direct current"

1

Sinan Cabuk, Ali. "EXPERIMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION OF VIBRATION FORCE IN DIRECT CURRENT MOTOR FOR MINI SUMO ROBOT." Applied Researches in Technics, Technologies and Education 7, no. 1 (2019): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/artte.2019.01.006.

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Vibration is the oscillating or periodic movement of electric motors from its position to a certain point, which has effect on performance. The vibration of electrical motor is essential causes of machine failure. Therefore, reaction force of electric motors is the most important parameter for their working life. It is monitoring and minimize the vibration generated by the electric motor. One of the objectives of this study is to present that forced vibration analysis is compatible technique for diagnosing electromagnetic and mechanical problems in electric motors. In this study aims at vibration analysis on Direct Current (DC) motor, that is the most preferred motors for robotic application. DC motor used in this study has 15 W output power, 400 min-1 shaft speed and 12 V terminal voltage, which is widely implemented in robot competition. Vibration forced was measured with accelerometer sensor on the motor. Test vibration results of the motor were checked it whether limiting value or not. In this study, vibration effect of DC motor in mini sumo robot is presented with during competition and smooth road conditions.

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2

Glowacz, A. "Diagnostics of DC and Induction Motors Based on the Analysis of Acoustic Signals." Measurement Science Review 14, no. 5 (October 1, 2014): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msr-2014-0035.

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Abstract In this paper, a non-invasive method of early fault diagnostics of electric motors was proposed. This method uses acoustic signals generated by electric motors. Essential features were extracted from acoustic signals of motors. A plan of study of acoustic signals of electric motors was proposed. Researches were carried out for faultless induction motor, induction motor with one faulty rotor bar, induction motor with two faulty rotor bars and flawless Direct Current, and Direct Current motor with shorted rotor coils. Researches were carried out for methods of signal processing: log area ratio coefficients, Multiple signal classification, Nearest Neighbor classifier and the Bayes classifier. A pattern creation process was carried out using 40 samples of sound. In the identification process 130 five-second test samples were used. The proposed approach will also reduce the costs of maintenance and the number of faulty motors in the industry.

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Boztas, G., M. Yildirim, and O. Aydogmus. "Design and Analysis of Multi-Phase BLDC Motors for Electric Vehicles." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 2 (April 19, 2018): 2646–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.1781.

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This paper presents a design and analysis of multi-phase brushless direct current (BLDC) motor for electric vehicles (EV). In this work, hub-wheels having 110Nm, 900rpm rated values have been designed for the proposed EV. This EV can produce 440 Nm without using transmission, differential and other mechanical components which have very high losses due to the mechanical fraction. The motors to be used in the EV have been designed as 3-, 5- and 7-phase by Infolytica/Motor Solve Software to compare their performances at the same load conditions. The same rotor geometry has been utilized for the motors. However, slot numbers and dimensions of the stator have been determined by considering the motor phase number. Performance curves of phase-currents, output powers, torques, efficiencies and power factors have been presented for these motors at the same operating conditions. It can be possible to use lower power switches in motor drive system thanks to the phase current reduction since the phase currents decrease proportionally to motor phase number. This work shows that the multi-phase BLDC motors are a good alternative in order to obtain lower torque and lower power inverter structure than the 3-phase BLDC motors which are used as standard.

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Merabet, Adel. "Advanced Control for Electric Drives: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives." Electronics 9, no. 11 (October 23, 2020): 1762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9111762.

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In the Special Issue “Advanced Control for Electric Drives”, the objective is to address a variety of issues related to advances in control techniques for electric drives, implementation challenges, and applications in emerging fields such as electric vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, maglev trains and motion applications. This issue includes 15 selected and peer-reviewed articles discussing a wide range of topics, where intelligent control, estimation and observation schemes were applied to electric drives for various applications. Different drives were studied such as induction motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors and brushless direct current motors.

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Shantarenko, Sergei, Evgeny Ponomarev, and Anatoly Borodin. "Contact interaction “brush – collector” and working efficiency of locomotive traction electric motor." MATEC Web of Conferences 239 (2018): 01037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823901037.

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The working efficiency of locomotive traction electric motors of direct current is largely determined by the reliability of the collector-brush assembly. The paper presents the results of simulation of the contact interaction “brush-collector” in the traction electric motor of an electric locomotive. The influence of the structural features of the brush holder, the conditions and operating modes on the contact area “brush-collector”, and the quality of switching is considered. Technical solutions for improving the current collection quality in the contact “brush-collector” and ensuring the working efficiency of traction electric motors of locomotives are proposed.

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Nazarenko, Ihor, and Oleksandr Kovalov. "ENERGY EFFICIENT ELECTROMECHANICAL SOIL TREATMENT SYSTEM BASED ON ELECTRIC MOTORBLOCK." Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Energy: Reliability and Energy Efficiency, no. 1 (2) (July 2, 2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2224-0349.2021.01.10.

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In Ukraine, the number of farms, private land users and protected soil structures has increased significantly in recent years. To increase the efficiency of vegetable production, small-sized mobile units in the form of motoblocks with internal combustion engines of domestic and foreign production have been widely used. However, during the operation of mobile units with internal combustion engines in greenhouses and hotbeds, the noise level and air pollution increase, which negatively affect not only people but also plants. The disadvantages of motoblocks with internal combustion engines should also include a fairly high specific consumption of liquid fuel, which has a high cost, difficulties in starting and stopping the unit, as well as the relatively low reliability of the internal combustion engine. More promising for work in protected soil structures are mobile units with traction motors, called electric motors, as environmentally friendly units that do not have these shortcomings. The main technical characteristics of the experimental sample of a small-sized electrified soil-cultivating motoblock are given in the work. The structural scheme of the power energy channel of the electric motor unit is substantiated, which clearly demonstrates the processes of energy conversion in it. The equation of energy balance of the electric motor unit and the main energy ratios that determine the properties of the traction motor in the drive of the electric motor unit are obtained. The algorithm of optimal control of a direct current traction motor by the maximum efficiency for direct current motors of serial and mixed excitation is substantiated. The results of field tests of the prototype of the electric motor unit are presented. The analysis of the obtained results of experimental researches of the electrified tillage motor-drive driven by the direct current motor of sequential excitation testifies to the reduction of specific energy consumption for the main types of tillage by 12-15%.

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Riyadi, Slamet. "Peran Motor Listrik pada Transportasi Ramah Lingkungan." PRAXIS 1, no. 1 (September 7, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24167/praxis.v1i1.1626.

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The fossil based fuel crisis and environmental degradation issues have caused the transportation system to use electric motors as an alternative to combustion engines. The emergence of electric hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles has been a sign that the revolution in the field of transportation has reached the implementation stage. DC motors that are capable to generate large torque becomes an option at first, but due to its limitations then other types of motors which have advantages such as DC motor but eliminating the its weakness are developed. BLDC (Brushless Direct Current) motors and switched reluctance motors are priority in implementation. This paper describes the characteristics and performance of the three motors which can be used as the background for developing environmentally friendly transportation system

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Grenier, Jean-Michel, Ramón Pérez, Mathieu Picard, and Jérôme Cros. "Magnetic FEA Direct Optimization of High-Power Density, Halbach Array Permanent Magnet Electric Motors." Energies 14, no. 18 (September 18, 2021): 5939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185939.

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Hybrid electric aero-propulsion requires high power-density electric motors. The use of a constrained optimization method with the finite element analysis (FEA) is the best way to design these motors and to find the best solutions which maximize the power density. This makes it possible to take into account all the details of the geometry as well as the non-linear characteristics of magnetic materials, the conductive material and the current control strategy. Simulations were performed with a time stepping magnetodynamic solver while taking account the rotor movement and the stator winding was connected by an external electrical circuit. This study describes the magnetic FEA direct optimization approach for the design of Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) and its advantages. An acceptable compromise between precision and computation time to estimate the electromagnetic torque, iron losses and eddy current losses was found. The finite element simulation was paired with analytical models to compute stress on the retaining sleeve, aerodynamic losses, and copper losses. This type of design procedure can be used to find the best machine configurations and establish design rules based on the specifications and materials selected. As an example, optimization results of PM motors minimizing total losses for a 150-kW application are presented for given speeds in the 2000 rpm to 50,000 rpm range. We compare different numbers of poles and power density between 5 kW/kg and 30 kW/kg. The choice of the number of poles is discussed in the function of the motor nominal speed and targeted power density as well as the compromise between iron losses and copper losses. In addition, the interest of having the current-control strategy as an optimization variable to generate a small amount of flux weakening is clearly shown.

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Nurmalia, Alif, Widyono Hadi, and Widya Cahyadi. "Performance Test of Three-Phase Brushless Direct Current Motor Axial Flux with Differences Diameter of Neodymium Type Permanent Magnet." ELKHA 13, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v13i1.41693.

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Technology that is growing rapidly and innovations that have sprung up in the electrical field today are driving the use of electricity as a source of energy to do work. Electric motor is one component that is very popular in the industrial world and households that are useful to human life. In addition to DC motors and induction motors, there are also 3 phase brushless direct current (BLDC) motors which are a type of synchronous motor where magnetic fields are produced by rotor and stator at the same frequency. The rotor is a moving part of the brushless direct current motor which is a place of permanent magnet called a pole. This paper discusses the performance of brushless direct current 3 phase axial flux motors with different diameters of neodymium type permanent magnets. Tests carried out using neodymium permanent magnets with diameters of 15mm x 2mm and 20mm x 2mm were tested without using a load and using load. The parameters used in testing motor performance include speed, torque, and motor power with a source voltage of 12V, 16V, 20V, and 24V. The test results shows that the speed value of a BLDC motor using permanent magnets with a size of 20mm x 2mm is greater than that of permanent magnets of 15mm x 2mm. The same thing applies to the value of the power produced while, for the value of torque when the motor uses a permanent magnet of 15mm x 2mm will be greater than that of a motor using a permanent magnet of 20mm x 2mm.

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Ma, Qing Fen, Jian Hua Liu, and Xiao Yu. "Design of a Simulating Control System for Hybrid Wind/PV Power Generation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 3886–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.3886.

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A system based on STM32F103 chip is designed to simulate the hybrid wind and PV wind power generation control process. The simulation system consists an electric motor with stepless rotational speed regulating feature to simulate wind turbine power generation, a light intensity sensor to simulate PV power generation with its measure results, the electrical source of chip microcomputer to simulate the current output from storage batteries, and two electric motors with different power to simulate the direct-current loads. The control strategy and the corresponding programs are developed based on certain hardware composition and the control system is implemented and operates well.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electric motors, Direct current - Electric motors, Direct current"

1

Miller, Joel Christopher. "Modulating dynamic stiffness of a direct-drive brushless linear DC motor." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16103.

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Ai, Yong-le. "Novel direct field and torque control of six-phase induction machine with special phase current waveform." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/489.

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Wang, Zheng, and 王政. "Chaoization and stabilization of electric motor drives and their industrial applications." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40687594.

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Wang, Zheng. "Chaoization and stabilization of electric motor drives and their industrial applications." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40687594.

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Gan, Jinyun, and 干金云. "Design, analysis and control of multiphase flux regulated permanent magnet brushless DC motor drives." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31245304.

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Ghosh, Ramit. "Sensorless starting of a brushless D.C. motor." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43403.

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Permanent magnet brushless DC motors that have found wide application in high performance servo drives need absolute rotor position sensors. However, the cost of the position sensor limits the use of brush less DC motors for low performance applications such as automotive and home appliances. A sensorless starting scheme for brushless DC motors is studied in this thesis. A hardware implementation of the starting scheme has been instrumented. The modeling and simulation of the sensorless starting performance of brushless DC motors have been accomplished to gain the insight into the process. The experimental results confirm the theoretical prediction that the permanent magnet brush less DC motor can be started without a position sensor. The experimental setup with individual subsystems are described in detail.

Master of Science

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Borojević, Dušan. "Nonlinear algorithms for fast and robust control of electrical drives." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74723.

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Several new nonlinear algorithms for speed control of electrical drives are developed. They are compared with the algorithms for integral-proportional (I-P) control, sliding mode control (SLM) and adaptive control which uses the torque and parameter observer. To achieve fast and robust response, all algorithms use very large gains. In a new, variable limit PI (VLPI) control algorithm, integrator windup is completely prevented by using a high gain, "variable dead zone" nonlinearity as a local feedback over the integrator. Recently proposed soft variable structure (SVS) control, derived by using the Liapunov direct method, is modified so that the algorithm can be implemented with only the output measurements. Proper operation is achieved for any value of the output variable. The new control is very robust, but exhibits a steady state error. Two versions of the adaptive PI (API) control algorithm are developed that have fast and robust transient response with zero steady state error. The SVS API version operates similarly as the modified SVS control, but does not have its drawbacks. The SLM API version operates like the SLM control during large transients, and like VLPI control when close to the steady state. The local stability of the control is proved using the "small gain theorem". Its global behavior is analyzed by describing functions. Very good operation of the SVS API speed control within the proportional position loop is demonstrated. Faster transient response is achieved by implementing the SLM adaptive proportional control in the position loop. The operation is the same as the operation of the SLM API control in the speed loop. Similarity between modified SVS control, and classical adaptive algorithms is shown. API control, All the algorithms are simulated and compared for twofold and tenfold changes in plant parameters. The experimental verification of the results for I-P control, SLM control, and modified SVS control, are presented. Theory of the new algorithms is general, such that the results are applicable to any SISO plant that can be stabilized.
Ph. D.

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8

Jenkins, James Scott. "Operation of a brushless DC drive for application in hybrid electric vehicles." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : University of Missouri-Rolla, 2007. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Thesis_JJenkins_09007dcc8032dbaa.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri--Rolla, 2007.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed October 25, 2007) Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-62).

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9

Welchko, Brian A. "A high power DC motor controller for an electrical race car using power MOSFETS." Ohio : Ohio University, 1996. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1239733975.

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Rajagopalan, Satish. "Detection of Rotor and Load Faults in BLDC Motors Operating Under Stationary and Non-Stationary Conditions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11524.

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Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors are one of the motor types rapidly gaining popularity. BLDC motors are being increasingly used in critical high performance industries such as appliances, automotive, aerospace, consumer, medical, industrial automation equipment and instrumentation. Fault detection and condition monitoring of BLDC machines is therefore assuming a new importance. The objective of this research is to advance the field of rotor and load fault diagnosis in BLDC machines operating in a variety of operating conditions ranging from constant speed to continuous transient operation. This objective is addressed as three parts in this research. The first part experimentally characterizes the effects of rotor faults in the stator current and voltage of the BLDC motor. This helps in better understanding the behavior of rotor defects in BLDC motors. The second part develops methods to detect faults in loads coupled to BLDC motors by monitoring the stator current. As most BLDC applications involve non-stationary operating conditions, the diagnosis of rotor faults in non-stationary conditions forms the third and most important part of this research. Several signal processing techniques are reviewed to analyze non-stationary signals. Three new algorithms are proposed that can track and detect rotor faults in non-stationary or transient current signals.

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Books on the topic "Electric motors, Direct current - Electric motors, Direct current"

1

Dederer, Daniel H. Motors reference guide. 3rd ed. [Toronto: Ontario Hydro, 1997.

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2

Kenjō, Takashi. Permanent-magnet and brushless DC motors. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985.

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3

P, Tolkunov V., ed. Kommutat͡s︡ionnai͡a︡ sposobnostʹ dvigateleĭ postoi͡a︡nnogo toka. Sankt-Peterburg: "Nauka", 1993.

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4

Kenjo, Takashi. Permanent-magnet and brushless DC motors. Oxford: Clarendon, 1985.

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Stolov, L. I. Momentnye dvigateli postoi͡a︡nnogo toka. Moskva: Ėnergoatomizdat, 1989.

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Skobelev, V. E. Dvigateli pulʹsirui͡u︡shchego toka. 2nd ed. Leningrad: Ėnergoatomizdat, Leningradskoe otd-nie, 1985.

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7

Sokira, Thomas J. Brushless dc motors: Electronics commutation and controls. Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Tab Books, 1990.

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8

Hendershot, J. R. Design of brushless permanent-magnet motors. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.

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9

Miller, T. J. E. 1947-, ed. Design of brushless permanent-magnet motors. Hillsboro, OH: Magna Pysics Pub., 1994.

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Hendershot, J. R. Design of brushless permanent magnet motors. Hillsboro, Ohio (PO Box 78, Hillsboro 45133): Magna Physics Corp., 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Electric motors, Direct current - Electric motors, Direct current"

1

Aravanis, Theofanis I., Tryfon-Chrysovalantis I. Aravanis, and Polydoros N. Papadopoulos. "Fault Diagnosis in Direct Current Electric Motors via an Artificial Neural Network." In Engineering Applications of Neural Networks, 488–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20257-6_42.

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2

Morris, Noel M. "Direct Current Motors." In Mastering Electrical Engineering, 177–90. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12230-1_9.

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Morris, Noel M. "Direct Current Motors." In Mastering Electrical Engineering, 177–90. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18015-8_9.

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Sundareswaran, K. "Direct Current Motor Modeling and Control Aspects." In Elementary Concepts of Power Electronic Drives, 127–44. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429423284-4.

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Boldea, Ion, and Lucian Tutelea. "Brushless Direct Current–Multiple Phase Reluctance Motor Modeling, Control, and Design." In Reluctance Electric Machines, 201–34. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429458316-7.

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Ya, Tu, Jialu Du, and Peng Cui. "Design of Direct Current Motor Servo Control System Based on SOPC." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 505–12. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6508-9_61.

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Pieńkowski, Krzysztof. "Electromagnetic Fields and Forces in a Linear Induction Motor during Direct Current Braking." In Electromagnetic Fields in Electrical Engineering, 237–42. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0721-1_43.

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Arof, S., N. H. Diyanah, N. M. Yaakop, P. A. Mawby, and H. Arof. "Processor in the Loop for Testing Series Motor Four Quadrants Drive Direct Current Chopper for Series Motor Driven Electric Car." In Advanced Structured Materials, 59–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05621-6_5.

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Fernandes, Sofia Rita, Ricardo Salvador, Mamede de Carvalho, and Pedro Cavaleiro Miranda. "Modelling Studies of Non-invasive Electric and Magnetic Stimulation of the Spinal Cord." In Brain and Human Body Modeling 2020, 139–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45623-8_8.

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AbstractExperimental studies on transcutaneous spinal cord direct current and magnetic stimulation (tsDCS and tsMS, respectively) show promising results in the neuromodulation of spinal sensory and motor pathways, with possible clinical application in spinal functional rehabilitation. Modelling studies on the electric field (EF) distribution during tsDCS and tsMS can be powerful tools to understand the underlying biophysics and to guide stimulation protocols for a specific clinical target. In this chapter, we review modelling studies of tsDCS and report on our own modelling findings on tsDCS and tsMS. We discuss the main differences between the EF induced by these two stimulation techniques and the implications for clinical practice, addressing the relevance of modelling studies for more personalized target protocols and individualized dosing.

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Arof, Saharul, M. S. Said, N. H. N. Diyanah, N. M. Noor, N. M. Yaakop, Philip Mawby, H. Arof, and Emilia Noorsal. "Series Motor Four-Quadrant Direct Current Chopper: Reverse Mode, Steering Position Control with Double-Circle Path Tracking and Control for Autonomous Reverse Parking of Direct Current Drive Electric Car." In Advanced Structured Materials, 121–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46036-5_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Electric motors, Direct current - Electric motors, Direct current"

1

Pires de Souza, Leonardo, and Rodrigo Zelir Azzolin. "Dead Zone Compensation in Direct Current Motors: A Review." In Congresso Brasileiro de Automática - 2020. sbabra, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.48011/asba.v2i1.1223.

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As one of the types of electric motors, DC motors are presented, a class of motors that is commonly used in torque and speed control systems. The control of these motors in real applications is affected by system nonlinearities, such as the dead zone, which limits the motor to fulfill its task with precision since it disables the motor movement for certain applied inputs. Thus, control methods need to be implemented to compensate it. Three modern control methods generate good compensation results: artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic and sliding mode control. Thus, this study aims to perform a review of the available literature on the use of these methods in the compensation of the dead zone in direct current motors.

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2

Yee-Pien Yang and Chun-Pin Lo. "Current distribution control of dual direct-driven wheel motors for electric vehicle." In 2006 American Control Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2006.1656591.

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Peralta-Sanchez, E., F. Al-rifai, and N. Schofield. "Direct Torque Control of permanent magnet motors using a single current sensor." In 2009 IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference (IEMDC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iemdc.2009.5075188.

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Radcliffe, Clark. "An Analytical Mechatronic Model for Series DC Motors Using Manufacturer Test Data." In ASME 2009 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2009-2549.

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Direct Current (DC) Motors are one of the most common mechatronic actuators. They are important for electromechanical servo systems, drivers for battery powered appliances and tools as well as electric vehicles. Both brushless DC motors and wound DC motors are common in electric and hybrid vehicles. The series wound DC motor is commonly used for high torque vehicle applications. The literature has many papers discussing permanent magnet DC motors but a very limited number of publications on analytical models for series wound DC motors, especially motor models that fit series wound DC motor test data available in the market place. An analytical model for a series wound DC motor is developed here based on physical principles including energy conservation. The model developed will be compared with models developed by other investigators. Available commercial test data for a series motor will be used to find model parameters for the analytical model and the accuracy of this model evaluated against the original test data. The model developed displays excellent accuracy well within the accuracy of the test data available. Typical model rms deviation from test data is under 2% for the commercial series wound DC motors evaluated.

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Long, Yangbo, Andreas Gelardos, and David J. Cappelleri. "A Novel Micro Aerial Vehicle Design: The Evolution of the Omnicopter MAV." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34690.

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This paper presents an evolution on the configuration of a novel micro aerial vehicle (MAV) design, the Omnicopter MAV. The first generation Omnicopter prototype has an actuation system with eight degrees of freedom (DOFs) consisting of 5 brushless direct current (BLDC) motors and 3 servo motors. It is composed of a carbon fiber rod built airframe, 2 central counter-rotating coaxial propellers for thrust and yaw control, and 3 perimeter-mounted electric ducted fans (EDFs) with servo motors performing thrust vectoring. During the development of the second generation prototype, we simplified and 3D printed the frame to increase stiffness, robustness and manufacturability, and reduced the actuation DOFs from 8 to 7 by removing the top propeller and using just the bottom one for yaw control to improve performance. Flight controller and control allocator designs and test flight results for this new configuration are presented in this paper.

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Selim, S. A., Ahmed A. Zaki Diab, and Basem E. Elnaghi. "Improved performance of brushless direct current motor." In 2016 IEEE NW Russia Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering Conference (EIConRusNW). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eiconrusnw.2016.7448272.

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van Niekerk, D., M. Case, and D. V. Nicolae. "Brushless direct current motor efficiency characterization." In 2015 Intl Aegean Conference on Electrical Machines & Power Electronics (ACEMP), 2015 Intl Conference on Optimization of Electrical & Electronic Equipment (OPTIM) & 2015 Intl Symposium on Advanced Electromechanical Motion Systems (ELECTROMOTION). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/optim.2015.7426988.

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Enache, Monica Adela, Aurel Campeanu, Ion Vlad, and Sorin Enache. "Study of dynamic regimes for low power direct current motors." In 2012 13th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/optim.2012.6231828.

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Wang, Feng, and Zhou-Xing Fu. "Soft starting simulation of direct-current motor." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering (ICEICE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceice.2011.5777663.

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Vlad, I., A. Campeanu, S. Enache, and M. A. Enache. "Pre-determination by simulation of dynamic regime for direct current motors." In 2008 11th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/optim.2008.4602396.

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