Dissertations / Theses: 'Electric power production – Nigeria'

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Okafor, Chukwuemeka. "Electricity generation, transmission and distribution policy: a comparative study of Nigeria (1960-2011) and South Africa (1960-2011)." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007049.

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The electric power policies in Nigeria and South Africa are considered the governments’ intention to provide quality and affordable electricity to the people. A comparative study on the electric power policies focuses on the similarities and differences in the policy approaches, the policy issues that affect electrification, and the impact of the policy issues in achieving the goal of universal access to quality and affordable electricity power in both countries. The methodological approach allows for an in depth textual study on the electric power policy documents in both countries. In Nigeria, the government intends to address the massive demand-supply imbalance and achieve the goal of electrification through reforms that focus on private sector-led growth in the sub-sector. In South Africa, the identification of electrification as a public problem by the post apartheid government leads to an integrated policy framework that focuses on balancing economic concerns with social and environmental considerations. The study identifies electricity provision as a social welfare responsibility of the governments in both countries and examines the policy issues in the context of public welfare. In Nigeria, the policy issues are found to be self serving and not in line with sustainable public interest, given the socio-economic challenges. As a result they, exert less impact on achieving the goal of universal access to quality and affordable electricity in the country. In South Africa, good governance in the sub-sector has enabled the identification of policy issues in line with sustainable public interests of social equity, poverty alleviation and environmental sustainability; and government using public administration agencies to play a key role in service delivery. Recommendations of the study mainly derive from the South African experience on electrification, and are intended to offer some policy-lessons to Nigeria in the sub-sector. The study contributes to new knowledge in the discipline of public administration by opening up new vistas for a comparative analysis of electric power policy issues in both countries in the context of public welfare. Besides, a comparative study on electrification in Nigeria and South Africa from a policy angle contributes to the existing knowledge base in the discipline.

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Xing, Weiguo. "Evaluation and scheduling of private power production." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23295338.

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刑衛國 and Weiguo Xing. "Evaluation and scheduling of private power production." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31242522.

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Tasie, Oyinkansola. "Expanding access to electricity for sustainable development in Nigeria : an analysis of the Electric Power Sector Reform Act 2005." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=210754.

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The importance of modern energy services to development is well established and it extends to deploying renewable energy for electricity to address current global challenges such as lack of access to electricity, poverty, environmental degradation and climate change. No doubt, electricity from renewable energy has negative impacts, but it also has benefits over other energy sources, particularly coal, oil and gas. These benefits have included that it is generally environmentally benign, it is vast, free, and supports standalone technologies. Thus avoiding costs associated with expanding the grid network. Hence, the idea that enhanced deployment of renewable energy for electricity can drive sustainable development in countries such as Nigeria, where amidst global concerns about climate change, modern access to electricity is low and energy supply for basic tasks such as cooking and cooling are from energy sources harnessed unsustainably or is itself not sustainable. In addition, other problems in Nigeria include high poverty and unemployment rates, environment degradation, destruction of biodiversity and natural ecosystem, corruption, lack of infrastructure, and dwindling government revenue profiles. Yet, the country has significant energy resources, renewables and non-renewables through which it can presumably meet all its energy needs. Nigeria enacted the Electric Power Sector Reform Act (EPSRA) in March 2005 to give statutory support to its National Electric Power Policy, (NEPP) which, inter alia, sought to promote expanded access to electricity, with minimum adverse impact on the environment. Given the benefits of renewable electricity, and the policy objectives on electricity development in Nigeria, this thesis examines the ability of Nigeria's Electric Power Sector Reform Act (EPSRA) 2005 to enhance the deployment of renewable energy for electricity and thereby foster sustainable development in the country.

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Parnandi, Silpa. "Power market analysis tool for congestion management." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5187.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 71 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 68-71).

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Kontos, Adamos C. "Construction of boundary matched equivalents for off-line lead-flow-type studies and transient stability analysis." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13697.

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Nguyen, Duy Huu Manh. "Analysing electricity markets with evolutionary computation." University of Western Australia. School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, 2002. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2003.0018.

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The use of electricity in 21st century living has been firmly established throughout most of the world, correspondingly the infrastructure for production and delivery of electricity to consumers has matured and stabilised. However, due to recent technical and environmental–political developments, the electricity infrastructure worldwide is undergoing major restructuring. The forces driving this reorganisation are a complex interplay of technical, environmental, economic and political factors. The general trend of the reorganisation is a dis–aggregation of the previously integrated functions of generation, transmission and distribution, together with the establishment of competitive markets, primarily in generation, to replace previous regulated monopolistic utilities. To ensure reliable and cost effective electricity supply to consumers it is necessary to have an accurate picture of the expected generation in terms of the spatial and temporal distribution of prices and volumes. Previously this information was obtained by the regulated utility using technical studies such as centrally planned unit–commitment and economic–dispatch. However, in the new deregulated market environment such studies have diminished applicability and limited accuracy since generation assets are generally autonomous and subject to market forces. With generation outcomes governed by market mechanisms, to have an accurate picture of expected generation in the new electricity supply industry, it is necessary to complement traditional studies with new studies of market equilibrium and stability. Models and solution methods have been developed and refined for many markets, however they cannot be directly applied to the generation market due to the unique nature of electricity, having high inelastic demand, low storage capability and distinct transportation requirements. Intensive effort is underway to formulate solutions and models that specifically reflect the unique characteristics of the generation market. Various models have been proposed including game theory, stochastic and agent–based systems. Similarly there is a diverse range of solution methods including, Monte–Carlo simulations, linear–complimentary and quadratic programming. These approaches have varying degrees of generality, robustness and accuracy, some being better in certain aspects but weaker in others. This thesis formulates a new general model for the generation market based on the Cournot game, it makes no conjectures about producers’ behaviour and assumes that all electricity produced is immediately consumed. The new formulation characterises producers purely by their cost curves, which is only required to be piece–wise differentiable, and allows consumers’ characteristics to remain unspecified. The formulation can determine dynamic equilibrium and multiple equilibria of markets with single and multiple consumers and producers. Additionally stability concepts for the new market equilibrium is also developed to provide discrimination for dynamic equilibrium and to enable the structural stability of the market to be assessed. Solutions of the new formulation are evaluated by the use of evolutionary computation, which is a guided stochastic search paradigm that mimics the operation of biological evolution to iteratively produce a population of solutions. Evolutionary computation is employed as it is adept at finding multiple solutions for underconstrained systems, such as that of the new market formulation. Various enhancements to significantly improve the performance of the algorithms and simplify its application are developed. The concept of convergence potential of a population is introduced together with a system for the controlled extraction of such potential to accelerate the algorithm’s convergence and improve its accuracy and robustness. A new constraint handling technique for linear constraints that preserves the solution’s diversity is also presented together with a coevolutionary solution method for the multiple consumers and producers market. To illustrate the new electricity market formulation and its evolutionary computation solution methods, the equilibrium and stability of a test market with one consumer and thirteen thermal generators with valve point losses is examined. The case of a multiple consumer market is not simulated, though the formulation and solution methods for this case is included. The market solutions obtained not only confirms previous findings thus validating the new approach, but also includes new results yet to be verified by future studies. Techniques for market designers, regulators and other system planners in utilising the new market solutions are also given. In summary, the market formulation and solution method developed shows great promise in determining expected generation in a deregulated environment.

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Shukla, Meera. "A comprehensive approach to reactive power scheduling in restructured power systems : a dissertation presented to the faculty of the Graduate School, Tennessee Technological University /." Click to access online version, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=64&did=1342743821&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=6&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1254941671&clientId=28564.

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Smith, William Corbett. "Analysis of variances in electric power system simulation for production cost." Ohio : Ohio University, 1991. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1173467167.

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Cheng, Mang-kong, and 鄭孟剛. "Analytical models for wind power investment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47752725.

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Wind power generation has experienced an explosive growth worldwide. It is a promising renewable energy source to countries that are short of fossil fuels, e.g. China. While wind power is a distinctive direction to go for, it is still necessary to examine the rationale behind such investing mania, and this thesis analyzes the issue by collectively investment modeling. For investment analysis, it is necessary to first identify the relevant market background before inferring to any analytical model. Chapter 2 identifies a number of wind power investment scenarios in accordance to modern electricity market regime, primarily American and European structures. Among them, two main scenarios are investigated and modeled subsequently: fixed tariff wind power project invested by independent power producer and wind power project undertaken by utility. It has to be emphasized that different market scenarios would lead to different modeling methodologies for best representing the reality. Wind power is intermittent and uncertain. One way to describe the probabilistic energy production is by statistical characterization of wind power in a period of time. Chapter 3 presents a standalone analytical model of the wind power probability distribution and its higher order statistics. Large-scale deployment of wind power would influence power system in unprecedented ways. High penetration wind power poses a need of refinement to existing methodologies on production costing and reliability evaluation. The applications of the probabilistic wind power model to these topics are outlined in this chapter. In Chapter 4, investment of fixed tariff wind power project is analyzed. Operation of wind farm is very passive and as long as wind keeps blowing, such wind power investment has minimal risk in annual revenue. The low-risk profile facilitates debt financing. This leads to the attempt to manipulate the project capital structure to maximize the project levered value. Yet the default probability is raised and associated with a subjective value of default probability there is a value-at-risk debt level. I therefore propose an optimization formulation to maximize the wind power project valuation with debt as decision variable subject to the value-at-risk debt constraint. Apart from independent wind power producers, many policy and market factors driving wind power development are actually put on the utility side, e.g. Renewable Portfolio Standard (Renewable Energy Target) in U.S. (Europe) and Green Power Programs. It implies that utility has to have wind power (or other renewable) capacity ready by a certain date. In practice, utility may take action earlier if conditions are favorable or optimal. The conditions considered here are fossil fuel prices or in more general setting, electricity contract prices. Define the total fuel cost saving from conventional units as the benefit of wind power. If fuel prices are high enough, substituting load demand by wind energy is profitable, vice versa. The investment decision is analogous to premature exercising of an American option, in which the wind power project is modeled as real option. Chapter 5 offers detailed formulation of this idea.
published_or_final_version
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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Nygren, Frida. "Studies of electric vehicle charging with on-board photovoltaic power production." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-228410.

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Feng, Xiaoming. "On the probabilistic production simulation of electric power systems using equivalent load duration curve methods." Ohio : Ohio University, 1990. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1172779312.

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Ghoudjehbaklou, Hassan. "On the optimization of homeostatic utility controls as applied to small power producing facilities." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15624.

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MacGregor, Paul R. "The net utility revenue impact of small power producing facilities operating under spot pricing policies." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13845.

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Ng, Kwok-kei Simon. "A game-theoretic study of the strategic interaction between transmission and generation expansion planning in a restructured electricity market." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39343534.

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Tait, Brian S. "Analysis of hardware implementation and speed control of a slip energy recovery system." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA306002.

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Ayeleso, Ayokunle Oluwaseun. "An improved plasma energy conversion system for electric power generation." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2694.

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Thesis (PhD (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.
The generation of electricity through the conventional conversion system such as thermal and hydroelectric plants may no longer be sufficient to meet the increasing demands and usage. One of the major reasons for shortage supply of electric power is due to the lack of fossil fuel and other conventional resources that are currently being used in Africa. In addition, the conversion process of the conventional system often causes pollution which contributes to global warming. Therefore, there is a need for this research to develop novel and alternative methods of generating electric power. Among these methods is the Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) conversion system, which is a direct energy conversion system. In this system, plasma or ionised gas is directly converted into electric power with generating efficiency of about 62 %. The conversion process of the MHD system is based on the principle of Faraday’s Law of electromagnetism and fluid dynamics. The focus of the present study is to investigate alternative methods through which an MHD power generator can be coupled to the existing thermal plants in South Africa. In doing so, the thermal cycle efficiency of these conventional plants can be improved. Another goal of this study is to investigate the behaviour of an MHD generator prototype under exposure to plasma through simulation and experimentation in a laboratory setting.

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Murray, William Norman. "Energy wheeling viability of distributed renewable energy for industry." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2730.

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Thesis (Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.
Industry, which forms the lifeblood of South Africa’s economy, is under threat as a result of increased electricity pricing and unstable supply. Wheeling of energy, which is a method to transport electricity generated from an Independent Power Producer (IPP) to an industrial consumer via the utility’s network, could potentially address this problem. Unlike South Africa’s electricity landscape, which is highly regulated and monopolized by Eskom, most developed countries have deregulated their electricity market, which has led to greater competition for electricity supply. This thesis, presents an evaluation of the economic viability and technical concerns arising from third party transportation of energy between an IPP and an industrial consumer. IPP’s are able to generate electricity from various renewable distributed generation (DG) sources, which are often physically removed from the load. In practice, electricity could be generated by an IPP and connected to a nearby Main Transmission Substation (MTS) in a region with high solar, wind or hydropower resources and sold to off-takers a few hundred kilometres away. Using two software simulation packages, technical and economic analysis have been conducted based on load data from two industrial sites, to determine the viability of wheeling energy between an IPP and off-taker. The viability will be evaluated based on levelized cost of electricity (LCOE); net present cost (NPC); DG technology; distance from the load; available renewable resources; impact on voltage profile, fault contribution, thermal loading of the equipment and power loss. The results from both case studies show that the impact of DG on the voltage profile is negligible. The greatest impact on voltage profile was found to be at the site closest to the load. Asynchronous and synchronous generators have a greater fault contribution than inverter-based DG. The fault contribution is proportional to the distance from the load. Overall, thermal loading of lines increased marginally, but decreased based on distances from the load. Power loss on short lines is negligible but there is a significant loss on the line between the load and DG based on the distance from the load. Electricity generated from wind power is the most viable based on LCOE and NPC. For larger wind systems, as illustrated by the second case study, grid parity has already been reached. Wheeling of wind energy has already proven to be an economically viable option. According to future cost projection, large scale solar energy will become viable by 2019. The concept of wheeling energy between an IPP and off-taker has technical and economic merit. Wheeling charges are perceived to be high, but this is not the case as wheeling tariffs consist of standard network charges. In the future, renewable energy will continue to mature based on technology and cost. Solar energy, including lithium-ion battery back-up technology, looks promising based on future cost projections. Deregulation of the electricity market holds the key to the successful implementation of energy wheeling as it will open the market up for greater competition.

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He, Yang, and 何阳. "Modeling electricity prices for generation investment and scheduling analysis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44755491.

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Tai, Sio Un. "Power quality study in Macau and virtual power analyzer." Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2586277.

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Azad, Vikas. "Modeling a distributed energy system for California electricity production through 2050." Scholarly Commons, 2012. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/837.

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Recent research shows that combining distributed generation (DG) with renewable resources will reduce fossil fuel dependency and carbon dioxide (C02) emissions. This thesis presents a framework to evaluate the benefits of DG in terms of C02 emission and transmission line losses with respect to the use of centralized power production through 2050. Due to availability of complete data, Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) in California is the main focus of this thesis; however other utility companies such as PG&E, SDG&E and SCE are also discussed. The test results based on SMUD show a decrease of about 11% to 4% in line losses when a 500 MW DG is placed at the consumption site. This thesis also shows that by adding a 40 MW DG at the central location, C02 can be reduced by 71% when compared to current standard business practices. By adding 40 MW DG every year near consumers, SMUD can eliminate inhouse electricity generation thus completely eliminating C02 emissions by 2034.

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Amakali, Simakeka. "Development of models for short-term load forecasting using artificial neural networks /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1031&context=td_cput.

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Edinger, Chad L. "Wind turbine capacity planning approximations for northwest United States utilities." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2008/c_edinger_0032608.pdf.

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Sharabaroff, Alexander M. "An assessment of the impact of the deregulation of the electric power sector in the U. S. on the efficiency of electricity generation and the level of emissions attributed to electricity generation." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1210903115.

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Sun, Yi, and 孙毅. "Path-dependent valuation of generators in the capacity, energy and carbon markets." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45876332.

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Youngsman, John M'Kay. "An extensional mode resonator for vibration harvesting." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2009/j_youngsman_042109.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Washington State University, May 2009.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on Apr. 19, 2010). "College of Engineering and Architecture." Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-116).

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Sharam, Andrea. "Market segmentation and domestic electricity supply in Victoria." Swinburne Research Bank, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20061109.101315.

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Thesis (PhD) - Institute for Social Research, Swinburne University of Technology, 2005.
Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Institute for Social Research, Swinburne University of Technology, 2005. Typescript. Bibliography: p. 188-207.

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Trivedi, Manas. "Multi-objective generation scheduling with hybrid energy resources." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1202498690/.

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Mester, Gretchen S. "An empirical assessment of entry into the green power market /." view abstract or download file of text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3153794.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2004.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-96). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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Lindsey, Keon. "A feasibility study of oscillating-wing power generators." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FLindsey.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Aeronautical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2002.
Thesis advisor(s): Kevin D. Jones, Max F. Platzer. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61). Also available online.

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Carpenter, Daniel A. "Fabrication and characterization of a micro capillary evaporator for MEMS based power generation." Online access for everyone, 2004. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2004/d%5Fcarpenter%5F111104.pdf.

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Swahn, Azavedo Michael. "Simulating the Swedish Electric Energy Production : An optimization perspective." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-221165.

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Production of electric energy is continuously affected by many factors. Therefore, tools for predicting the future production are needed. In turn, the production affects the electric energy price, which is set on electric energy exchanges. This thesis is intended to find out if the software SDDP can be used for hydrothermal power production simulations in the Nord pool area. By building a simplified model of the electric energy production in Sweden with a focus on hydro, thermal and wind power, the intention is to see how the model is affected by different conditions. The investigated conditions are several; higher and lower water inflows to the hydro power reservoirs; different amounts of installed wind power production; different price levels of emission allowances for CO2. By using the simulation software SDDP, more wind power was seen to lower the electric energy prices, as well as reduce the need of transmission of power from the northern to the southern parts of Sweden. In the simulation, Sweden was divided into four areas, connected where the main bottlenecks in the power grid are located. Water inflows to the reservoirs are crucial in the model. Actual inflow data can be bought from SMHI. However, due to the limited thesis budget, estimations were constructed instead. The estimations were difficult to make and turned out to be too high. Consequently, no reliable evaluation of the SDDP software could be done using this data.

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Moleli, Christopher Teboho. "Hybrid field generator controller for optimised perfomance." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/236.

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Battery charging wind turbines like, Hybrid Field Generator, have become more popular in the growing renewable energy market. With wind energy, voltage and current control is generally provided by means of power electronics. The paper describes the analytical investigation in to control aspects of a hybrid field generator controller for optimized performance. The project objective is about maintaining the generated voltage at 28V through out a generator speed range, between 149 rpm and 598 rpm. The over voltage load, known as dump load, is connected to the control circuit to reduce stress on the bypass transistor for speeds above 598 rpm. Maintaining a stable voltage through out the speed range, between 149rpm and 598rpm, is achieved by employing power electronics techniques. This is done by using power converters and inverters to vary the generator armature excitation levels hence varying its air gap flux density. All these take place during each of the three modes of generator operation, which are: buck, boost and permanent magnet modes. Although the generator controller is power electronics based, it also uses software to optimize its performance. In this case, a PIC16F877 microcontroller development system has been used to test the controller function blocks.

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Jeong, Yeon Uk. "Solution-based chemical synthesis of electrode materials for electrochemical power sources /." Digital version:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p9992829.

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Smith, William Corbett. "Production costing with transmission constraints." Ohio : Ohio University, 1989. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1182517746.

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Momen, Mustafa. "Long-term supply mix planning of power systems accounting for greenhouse gas emissions." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115996.

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Recent scientific findings have generated considerable concern about the adverse effect of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on the world's climate in general and global warming in particular. In Canada and many other countries, this concern has led to the adoption of legal and political steps with the aim of curbing GHG emissions. The first part of this thesis describes the steps taken by Canada in this regard.
Such steps provide a strong incentive to Canadian power systems to incorporate reduction of GHG emissions in their planning process. Thus, in the second part of the thesis, a long-term supply mix planning model is developed. Since significant decrease in GHG emissions is unlikely to occur without removal of highly polluting power plants, this model allows for decommissioning these power plants.
Finally, the supply mix planning model is applied to evaluate the strategy of joint planning (as opposed to separate planning) of the power systems of Quebec and Ontario. Results obtained from the model leads to the conclusion that joint planning is preferable from the point of view of overall social and financial cost.

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Ng, Kwok-kei Simon, and 吳國基. "A game-theoretic study of the strategic interaction between transmission and generation expansion planning in a restructuredelectricity market." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39343534.

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Chan, Pang. "Optimization of a long-term electricity contract in a large-scale chemical production site /." View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CENG%202004%20CHAN.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-95). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

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Yang, Shaohua. "Improving the aluminum-air battery system for use in electrical vehicles /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2003. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3103729.

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Somayajula, Deepak. "Control aspects of a double-input buckboost power electronic converter." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Somayajula_2009_09007dcc8070c9e2.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed November 17, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-70).

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Uong, Hoang. "The application of the ordered list method and the dynamic programming to the unit commitment." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3948.

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Broders, Adam C. "Combining of renewable energy plants to improve energy production stability." Worcester, Mass. : Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 2008. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-042908-132847/.

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Fleshman, Muller Eunamia. "Development of a supplier quality assessment system in Eskom." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97323.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Eskom, the South Africa and trans-Africa electrical power utility, has a capacity expansion project that is estimated to cost roughly R340 billion. The programme is anticipated to continue through 2018. Eskom will be contracting with a multitude of suppliers and it is imperative that the projects delivered under the capacity expansion programme meet Eskom’s required quality standards. The question then arises whether the set quality standards are sufficiently comprehensive to provide confidence that suppliers will achieve high quality standards. This aim of this research was to examine supplier assessment programmes to determine the criteria that will best provide supplier assurance. The researcher consulted a vast range of literature available on supplier quality assessment programmes. From the literature consulted, there appeared to be some recurring themes from the range of assessment tools. It also becomes apparent that the assessment tool cannot only focus on a quality system, but a balance of strategic and operational focus was needed to fully understand suppliers’ ability to deliver. One of the key considerations was establishing longer-term collaborative relationships with key suppliers. Long-term relations encourage trust, transparency and innovation. It was equally important to ensure that operational assessments provided insight on suppliers’ capability. Based on the literature reviewed, a proposed framework was tested against the current methodology for supplier evaluation. From these comparisons, some gaps were identified and recommendations were suggested to improve the supplier evaluation programme.

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44

Thomassen, Magnus Skinlo. "Hydrogen-chlorine fuel cell for production of hydrochloric acid and electric power : chlorine kinetics and cell design." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-775.

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This thesis work is the continuation and final part of a joint project between the Department of Materials Technology, NTNU and Norsk Hydro Research Center in Porsgrunn, looking at the possibility of using fuel cells for production of hydrogen chloride and electric power. The experimental work encompass an evaluation of three hydrogen - chlorine fuel cell design concepts, development and implementation of a mathematical fuel cell model and a kinetic study of the chlorine reduction reaction.

The evaluated fuel cell designs consisted of a) a conventional PEM fuel cell applying a Nafion membrane, b) a composite system applying an aqueous HCl electrolyte and Nafion membrane and c) a phosphoric acid doped PBI membrane fuel cell operating at intermediate temperatures of 150 - 175 ◦C. From the evaluation it was found that the chlorine reduction kinetics are much faster than the corresponding oxygen reduction reaction, leading to low activation losses on the fuel cell cathode. However, the nature of the reactant, chlorine, and the product, HCl, places strict demands on the corrosion resistance of the construction materials and drastically increases the difficulties related to water management in the cells. Due to these effects, none of the investigated systems were able to demonstrate stable operation under the conditions used in this study. The PBI cell showed best potential and seems to be the system in which the humidification and corrosion difficulties easiest can be remedied. The first design criteria for such a system should be the minimisation of the existence of liquid water, ideally a hydrogen - chlorine fuel cell system should operate in totally water free environment and consist of a high temperature proton conductor.

A two dimensional, isothermal mathematical model of a hydrogen - chlorine single fuel cell with an aqueous HCl electrolyte is presented. The model focuses on the electrode reactions in the chlorine cathode and also includes the mass and momentum balances for the electrolyte and cathode gas diffusion layer. There is good agreement between the model predictions and experimental results. Distributions of physical parameters such as reactant and product concentrations, solution and solid phase potentials and local current densities and overpotentials as a function of cell voltage are presented. Effects of varying the initial electrolyte concentration and operating pressure are analysed. It was found that an electrolyte inlet concentration of 6 mol dm−3 gave the best cell performance and that an increase of operating pressure gave a steady increase of the fuel cell performance.

The rate and mechanism of the electroreduction of chlorine on electrochemically oxidised Pt and Ru electrodes has been investigated relative to the state of oxide formation. Current/potential curves for the reduction process in 1 mol dm−3 HCl solution saturated with Cl2 have been obtained for electrode surfaces in various states of preoxidation with the use of the rotating disc electrode technique (RDE). In the case of chlorine reduction on platinum, the results indicate that adsorption of chlorine molecules with a subsequent rate determining electrochemical adsorption step is the dominant mechanism. The exchange current density seems to decrease linearly with the logarithm of the amount of surface oxide. Chlorine reduction on ruthenium is best described by a Heyrovsky-Volmer mechanism with the first charge transfer reaction as the rate determining step. The Krishtalik mechanism incorporating adsorbed O•Cl+ intermediates is also able to describe the reaction successfully. The reaction order is constant for all oxide coverages while the exchange current density apparently moves through a maximum at intermediate oxide coverages (∼100 mC cm−2). The results show that the electrocatalysis of the cathodic reduction of chlorine is very sensitive to the state of the oxidation of the electrode surface.

The rate and mechanism of the electroreduction of chlorine on electrooxidised ruthenium has further been investigated with focus on the effect of solution pH. Current/potential curves for the reduction process in solutions with constant chloride concentration of 1.0 mol dm−3 and varying H+ concentration have been obtained with the use of the rotating disk electrode technique (RDE). It was found that the chlorine reduction rate is highly inhibited in solutions with high H+ concentrations and that it can be satisfactorily described by the Erenburgh mechanism, previously suggested for the chlorine evolution on RuO2 and ruthenium titanium oxides (RTO). The expression of the kinetic current as a function of chlorine and H+ concentration was obtained by solving the elementary rate equations of the kinetic mechanism. The kinetic constants obtained from the correlation of the kinetic current expression to the experimental data were used to simulate the dependence of the surface coverages and elementary reaction rates on overpotential.

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45

Swaminathan, Shiva. "The influence of initial conditions on power system production costing - A markovian approach." Ohio : Ohio University, 1995. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1178904364.

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46

Morales, Ana. "Impact of decentralized power on power systems." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210841.

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Wind generation is one of the most successful sources of renewable energy for the production of electrical energy. Wind power offers relatively high capacities, with generation costs that are becoming competitive with conventional energy sources. However, a major problem to its effective use as a power source is the fact that it is both intermittent and diffuse as wind speed is highly variable and site-specific. This is translated in large voltage and frequency excursions and dynamically unstable situations when fast wind power changes. Very high wind speeds will result in sudden loss of wind generator production. The requirement to ensure that sufficient spinning reserve capacity exists within the system to compensate for sudden loss of generation becomes crucial. From the utilities operators’point of view, the primary objective is the security of the system, followed by the quality of the supplied power.

In order to guard the system security and quality of supply and retain acceptable levels, a maximum allowed wind power penetration (wind margin) is normally assumed by the operators. Very conservative methods are used to assess the impact of wind power and the consequences turn to under-exploitation of the wind power potential in a given region. This thesis presents the study of actual methods of wind power assessment, divided into three parts:

1. Part I: Impact on the Security of Power Systems

2. Part II: Impact on the Power Quality

3. Part III: Impact on the Dynamic Security of Power Systems
Doctorat en sciences appliquées
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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47

Häggblom, Johan, and Jonathan Jerner. "Photovoltaic Power Production and Energy Storage Systems in Low-Voltage Power Grids." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fordonssystem, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-156875.

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In recent years, photovoltaic (PV) power production have seen an increase and the PV power systems are often located in the distribution grids close to the consumers. Since the distributions grids rarely are designed for power production, investigation of its effects is needed. It is seen in this thesis that PV power production will cause voltages to rise, potentially to levels exceeding the limits that grid owners have to abide by. A model of a distribution grid is developed in MathWorks MATLAB. The model contains a transformer, cables, households, energy storage systems (ESS:s) and photovoltaic power systems. The system is simulated by implementing a numerical Forward Backward Sweep Method, solving for powers, currents and voltages in the grid. PV power systems are added in different configurations along with different configurations of ESS:s. The results are analysed, primarily concerning voltages and voltage limits. It is concluded that addition of PV power production in the distribution grid affects voltages, more or less depending on where in the grid the systems are placed and what peak power they have. It is also concluded that having energy storage systems in the grid, changing the power factor of the inverter for the PV systems or lowering the transformer secondary-side voltage can bring the voltages down.
På senare tid har det skett en ökning i antalet solcellsanläggningar som installeras i elnätet och dessa är ofta placerade i distributionsnäten nära hushållen. Eftersom distributionsnäten sällan är dimensionerade för produktion så behöver man utreda effekten av det. I det här arbetet visas det att solcellsproduktion kommer att öka spänningen i elnätet, potentiellt så mycket att de gränser elnätsägarna måste hålla nätet inom överstigs. En modell över lågspänningsnätet skapas i MathWorks MATLAB. Modellen innehåller transformator, kablar, hushåll, energilager och solcellsanläggningar. Systemet simuleras med hjälp av en numerisk Forward Backward Sweep-lösare som beräknar effekter, strömmar och spänningar i elnätet. Solcellanläggningarna placeras ut i elnätet i olika konfigurationer tillsammans med olika konfigurationer av energilager. Resultaten från simuleringarna analyseras främst med avseende på spänningen i elnätet utifrån dess gränser. De slutsatser som dras i arbetet är att solcellsproduktion kommer att påverka spänningen, mycket beroende på var i elnätet anläggningarna placeras och storleken hos dem. Det visas också att energilager, justering av effektfaktor hos solcellsanläggningarna eller en spänningssänkning på transformatorns lågspänningssida kan få ner spänningen i elnätet.

LiTH-ISY-EX--19/5194--SE

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Commin, Andrew Neil. "Matching renewable electricity supply to electricity demand in Scotland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=230176.

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The threat of climate change has led to many countries and regions adopting renewable targets. Scotland's is one of the most ambitious, with an aim to generate the equivalent to 100% of its electricity needs from renewable sources by 2020. Scotland has a very large renewable resource, primarily consisting of offshore and onshore wind, tidal stream, wave and hydro power; all of which are characterised by having variable output. Over a long period, such as a year, variability in renewable generation will average out and may meet or exceed total annual demand. This thesis investigates whether matching of demand and generation is possible within a timescale meaningful to electricity system users; that is whether renewable generation can meet electricity demand in any given hour. This was established by using historic data to create an hourly generation hindcast of Scotland's renewable generation over a 30 year climate “normal” period. These outputs are then compared to a hindcast of hourly demand based on observations over the most recent few years. The results demonstrated that it is possible for Scotland to rely entirely upon renewable generation to fulfil demand in any hour of the 30 year hindcast. However, it appears that the renewable capacity and storage currently built or within the Scottish planning system is only sufficient to match demand in 65% of the hours within the hindcast. The hindcast allows judgements to be made as to how 100% of demand could be met most effectively and provides the basis of a coherent planning strategy, with security of supply at its centre. Further wave and tidal stream capacity is shown to be of higher value than additional wind power but in the latter case, addressing the geographical diversity of wind power can enable maximise phasing between sites to increase the security of supply. Importantly this work provides a means of informing decision making about where best to develop wind, wave and tidal resources and what additional storage may be required in order to provide 100% security of supply. The results are also of particular importance to Scotland's renewable generation strategy in the case of assessing where new on- and off-shore wind farms should be developed, as wind is set to dominate Scotland's renewable portfolio for the foreseeable future.

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Foran, Tira. "Rivers of contention : Pak Mun Dam, electricity planning, and state-society relations in Thailand, 1932-2004." Connect to full text, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1984.

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PhD
This study investigates how actions – especially narratives and claims – of civil society advocates influenced electricity generation planning and hydropower project implementation, in the context of a democratising authoritarian state. To pursue this research agenda, I use a critical realist philosophy of science to ground a conceptual framework whose fundamental components consist of institutions, interests, and discourses. The research presents three case studies from Thailand, a nation-state with distinct authoritarian legacies, as well as significant economic and political dynamism in the late 20th century. The cases step from macro to micro levels of analysis: (1) Electricity generation planning: an overview and critique of the social construction of peak power demand and supply options in Thailand, 1960s–2004. I focus on the rise of energy conservation advocacy in the early 1990s, and the rise of more confrontational energy activism in the late 1990s; (2) Pak Mun Dam: contention between EGAT, anti-dam villagers, and other state and civil society actors, 1989–2003; (3) Pak Mun Dam: analysis of how knowledge discourses shaped debates over fisheries and local livelihoods in the lower Mun river basin, 1999–2004. I pursue these cases in the larger context of Thai state–society relations, 1932–early 2000s: from the Khana Ratsadorn (People’s Party) and its founders’ increasingly authoritarian struggles to shape the state; through to the rise of civil society in the Indochina-war era; through the emergence of parliamentary politics and NGO evolution in the 1980s and early 1990s; to the Thai Rak Thai “money politics” party that emerged in 1998. Specific research questions focus on patterns and outcomes of state–society interaction, the role of lay and expert knowledge discourses in structuring conflict, and plausible causal connections between outcomes and concepts used in the conceptual framework. The study is based on fieldwork conducted between 2001 and 2005, with 18 months of intensive work concentrated in 2002 and 2004. Recurrent procedures consisted of collecting policy narratives and arguments and re-constructing actors’ interests (including those of leaders in organizations) via participant observation, interviews, and textual analysis. The thesis argues that anti-dam advocates influenced project implementation practices at Pak Mun Dam by forming social change networks, gaining contingent recognition as new political actors. Through innovative and disruptive action, through claims for transparency and justice, through mass performances of worthiness, unity, and commitment, and through the production of local knowledge, they helped set agendas. They triggered elite intervention, as well as reactive counter-mobilization and occasional violence. The escalation of uncertainty from unintended outcomes challenged elites – aided by deliberative exchanges – to reconsider unfavourable decisions, to reconsider their preferences, and to make concessions. At the same time, a number of events made the Assembly of the Poor, the main anti-dam movement organization, vulnerable to destabilizing action at the local and national levels. These include: the formation of competitive organizations in the lower Mun basin; complex and intractable issues (such as multiple rounds of compensation); and inability to take credit for championing the interests of vulnerable small farmers. Destabilizing interactions occurred particularly in the restricted media space of the post-financial and economic crisis years. Populist platforms put forward by Thai Rak Thai and Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra pre-empted the AOP’s influence. Sustainable energy advocates influenced practices of power system planning by teaching new techniques of energy conservation, and diffusing new norms. In the recent period, however, as some of them engaged in more contentious interaction, such as intervening in conflicts over new coal and hydroelectric power plants (in southern Thailand and Laos respectively) they disrupted dominant rationalities, and found themselves confronting some of the same core practices of a power-wielding bureaucracy and an authoritarian state, namely rhetorical strategies that police the boundaries of policy-relevant knowledge. The thesis, intended to contribute to social science methodology and theory, concludes with a critical appraisal of the conceptual framework. I suggest new research agendas for analysts interested in mechanisms of civil society advocacy in the context of democratising states.

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Bertoncello, Ricardo. "Sistema de conexão de mini e micro centrais hidrelétricas às redes monofásicas das concessionárias." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2011. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/335.

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Este trabalho tem por objetivo desenvolver um sistema de conexão entre unidades de geração trifásica e uma rede de distribuição de energia elétrica rural monofásica. O sistema proposto baseia-se em um conversor CA/CA. Este conversor é composto por um retificador trifásico modulado por largura de pulso e um inversor monofásico. O controle do sistema é realizado através de um controlador digital de sinais (DSC). Atualmente o custo para conexão de mini e micro centrais hidrelétricas às redes de distribuição das concessionárias é bastante elevado, principalmente pelo custo de implantação das redes de distribuição trifásicas, e isso gera impacto principalmente nos pequenos empreendimentos. Para os empreendimentos maiores, este custo é diluído no custo total da obra, não impactando de forma significativa na viabilidade do negócio. Este trabalho visa desenvolver um sistema de conexão que atenda os requisitos técnicos e as exigências legais e que ao mesmo tempo consiga reduzir os custos para a conexão de pequenos agentes geradores no sistema elétrico nacional, em localidades onde somente a rede monofásica esteja disponível. Com isso, pretende-se viabilizar economicamente a inserção de pequenos produtores no cenário de geração e comercialização de energia elétrica.
The objective of this work is to develop a connection system between three-phase generation units and a single phase rural distribution electricity network. The proposed system is based on an AC/AC converter. This converter consists in a threephase PWM rectifier and a single-phase PWM inverter. System control is performed by a Digital Signal Controller (DSC). Currently, the cost for connecting mini and micro hydropower plants to distribution networks of utilities is very high, especially because of the three phase distribution networks deployment cost, which generates impact mainly in small businesses. For larger businesses, this cost is diluted within the total work costs, not significantly impacting business viability though. This work aims at developing a system that meets the technical and legal connection requirements and, at the same time, will be capable of reducing costs for connecting small generating agents in the national power system in locations where only a single-phase network is available. Therefore, we intend to make economically viable insertion of small producers in the generation and sale electricity scenario.

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