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Journal articles on the topic 'Electric vehicle charging station'
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1
El-fedany, Ibrahim, Driss Kiouach, and Rachid Alaoui. "System architecture to select the charging station by optimizing the travel time considering the destination of electric vehicle drivers in smart cities." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 9, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i1.1564.
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The main limitations of electric vehicles are the limited scope of the battery and their relatively long charging times. This may cause discomfort to drivers of electric vehicles due to a long waiting period at the service of the charging station, during their trips. In this paper, we suggest a model system based on argorithms, allowing the management of charging plans of electric vehicles to travel on the road to their destination in order to minimize the duration of the drivers' journey. The proposed system decision to select the charging station, during advance reservation of electric vehicles, take into account the time of arrival of electric vehicles at charging stations, the expected charging time at charging stations, the local status of the charging stations in real time, and the amount of energy sufficient for the electric vehicle to arrive at the selected charging station. Furthermore, the system periodically updates the electric vehicule reservations to adjust their recharge plans, when they reach their selected earlier station compared to other vehicules requesting new reservations, or they may not arrive as they were forecast, due to traffic jams on the road or certain reluctance on the part of the driver.
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Ye, Bo, Zhang Zhou He, Guo Meng Huang, Xue Song He, and Hui Quan Li. "The Study and Design of Electric System for Photovoltaic Generation Mix Charging Station." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 2362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.2362.
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With the development of electric vehicle industry, it is necessary to construct more electric vehicle charging stations to promote the popularization of electric vehicles. As photovoltaic generation owns flexible installing, convenient power supplying, and environmental protecting characteristics, it is suitable for providing power for electric vehicle charging stations and reducing a network loads. After analyzed electric vehicle charging demand, this paper proposed the designing concept of the electric system for the photovoltaic generation mix charging station, which was based on the battery charging and discharging characteristics as well as its usage. Then, the paper provided a selection of electric equipments for the charging station and an electric wiring diagram after designing the electric system. This study and design may help for promoting construction of electric vehicle charging stations, and development and popularization of electric vehicles.
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Khobragade, Priya A. "Multiport Converter based EV Charging Station with PV and Battery." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 14, 2021): 2518–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.34679.
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: As a ecofriendly electrical vehicle, is vehicles that are used electric motor or traction motor. Are receiving widespread attention around the world due to their improved performance and zero carbon emission . The electric vehicle depend on photovoltaic and battery energy storage system . Electric vehicles include not limited road and railways. It consist of many electric appliances for use in domestic and industrial purposes that is electric car ,electric bike ,electric truck ,electric trolley bus , electric air craft ,electric space craft.The main Moto of this paper is a modelling of proposed system smart charging for electrical vehicle insuring minimum stress on power grid . The large scale development of electrical vehicle we need electric charging station for example fast charging station and super-fast charging station . During a peak demand load , large load on charging station due to the voltage sag , line fault and stress on power grid . At this all problem avoid by multiport converter based EV charging station with PV and BES by using analysis of MATLAB simulation. Result and conclusion of this paper to reduce losses improving efficiency of solar energy , no pollution (reduce) fast charging as possible as without any disturbance.
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Huang, Yongyi, Atsushi Yona, Hiroshi Takahashi, Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida, Paras Mandal, Alexey Mikhaylov, Tomonobu Senjyu, and Mohammed Elsayed Lotfy. "Energy Management System Optimization of Drug Store Electric Vehicles Charging Station Operation." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 30, 2021): 6163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116163.
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Electric vehicle charging station have become an urgent need in many communities around the world, due to the increase of using electric vehicles over conventional vehicles. In addition, establishment of charging stations, and the grid impact of household photovoltaic power generation would reduce the feed-in tariff. These two factors are considered to propose setting up charging stations at convenience stores, which would enable the electric energy to be shared between locations. Charging stations could collect excess photovoltaic energy from homes and market it to electric vehicles. This article examines vehicle travel time, basic household energy demand, and the electricity consumption status of Okinawa city as a whole to model the operation of an electric vehicle charging station for a year. The entire program is optimized using MATLAB mixed integer linear programming (MILP) toolbox. The findings demonstrate that a profit could be achieved under the principle of ensuring the charging station’s stable service. Household photovoltaic power generation and electric vehicles are highly dependent on energy sharing between regions. The convenience store charging station service strategy suggested gives a solution to the future issues.
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Tan, Xian Qiu, Sheng Chun Yang, Yan Ping Fang, and Dong Xue. "Discussion on Operation Modes to the Electric Vehicle Charging Station." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 1827–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.1827.
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Electric vehicle charging station provides power supply for electric vehicles running, and it is the most important supporting infrastructure of electric vehicles. The article analyses three modes of electric vehicle charging station charging methods, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each model, gives the developing trend of the pattern of the operation of electric vehicles, and provides some effective suggestions for electric vehicle charging station for the future.
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Zhao, Shu Qiang, and Zhi Wie Li. "The Optimization Model of Planning Electric Vehicle Charging Station." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 1183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.1183.
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Aiming at the problem of electric vehicle charging station planning, the clients of fast charging stations is analyzed. The optimal mathematical model about siting of electric vehicle charging stations is proposed based on the city's geographic information. We obtain the optimal location of charging stations by charging convenient factor as a constraint. And divide the load area which is served by each charging station by the Voronoi. According to the load which is served by each charging station, this paper designs the optimal battery charger number of each charging station with the Queuing Theory. Finally, optimize the charging convenient factor using the total cost as objective function. The analysis of examples verifies the effectiveness and the practicability of the proposed planning approach.
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Diaz-Londono, Cesar, Luigi Colangelo, Fredy Ruiz, Diego Patino, Carlo Novara, and Gianfranco Chicco. "Optimal Strategy to Exploit the Flexibility of an Electric Vehicle Charging Station." Energies 12, no. 20 (October 10, 2019): 3834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12203834.
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The increasing use of electric vehicles connected to the power grid gives rise to challenges in the vehicle charging coordination, cost management, and provision of potential services to the grid. Scheduling of the power in an electric vehicle charging station is a quite challenging task, considering time-variant prices, customers with different charging time preferences, and the impact on the grid operations. The latter aspect can be addressed by exploiting the vehicle charging flexibility. In this article, a specific definition of flexibility to be used for an electric vehicle charging station is provided. Two optimal charging strategies are then proposed and evaluated, with the purpose of determining which strategy can offer spinning reserve services to the electrical grid, reducing at the same time the operation costs of the charging station. These strategies are based on a novel formulation of an economic model predictive control algorithm, aimed at minimising the charging station operation cost, and on a novel formulation of the flexibility capacity maximisation, while reducing the operation costs. These formulations incorporate the uncertainty in the arrival time and state of charge of the electric vehicles at their arrival. Both strategies lead to a considerable reduction of the costs with respect to a simple minimum time charging strategy, taken as the benchmark. In particular, the strategy that also accounts for flexibility maximisation emerges as a new tool for maintaining the grid balance giving cost savings to the charging stations.
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B C, Sagar. "Solar Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Station." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VIII (August 15, 2021): 937–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37016.
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While electric vehicles are generally seen as clean vehicles, they are not completely clean because the production of electricity might generate emissions as well. This paper on a solar powered electric vehicle charging station is a working solution to close the gap in achieving a truly renewable and clean vehicle. The currently scenario of today solar energy ecosystem is that, it is highly unstructured and localized. There are about 50 solar power plants in India but none of them are connect in a manner that there would be a method to perform analytical analysis of the solar energy produced. This paper aims to finding a possible method to connect the solar powered electric vehicle charging station and to perform analytical operations to increase efficiency of Solar Energy.
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Li, Zong Feng, Chun Lin Guo, Jun Chen, Zhe Ci Tang, Wen Chen, Ya Ling Wang, Xiang Zhen Li, and Qing Hai Ou. "A Two-Step Method of Optimal Planning for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Location." Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (June 2014): 1338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.1338.
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As a promising transport in the future, electric vehicles plays an important role in people's lives and energy conservation. Planning of electric vehicle charging stations has a far-reaching significance for the popularity of electric vehicles. In this paper, we discuss the siting problem of electric vehicle charging station and propose a two-step method of optimization method. Firstly, we establish a charging station location model, then use Voronoi diagram to determine the preliminary zone, finally we get this problem optimally solved by immune algorithm.The example verifies feasibility of this model.
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Wang, Zhen Po, Peng Liu, Hai Bin Han, Chun Lu, and Tao Xin. "A Distribution Model of Electric Vehicle Charging Station." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 1543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.1543.
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The location and the overall arrangement of the charging stations is an important problem with the development of electric vehicles. It is related to the charging needs, city planning, service level of charging station, geographic location and competitive ability and so on. A distribution model of EV charging station is introduced in the paper. In order to describe the model preferably, this paper introduces the attractive factor of charging stations and the area-different factor. The model can give the charging station rational positions by analyzing the data of the traffic flow and the electric-consuming-rate of cars on the road. A case study is given to illustrate the applying the model.
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Wolbertus, Rick, and Bas Gerzon. "Improving Electric Vehicle Charging Station Efficiency through Pricing." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (September 3, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4831951.
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Recent studies show that charging stations are operated in an inefficient way. Due to the fact that electric vehicle (EV) drivers charge while they park, they tend to keep the charging station occupied while not charging. This prevents others from having access. This study is the first to investigate the effect of a pricing strategy to increase the efficient use of electric vehicle charging stations. We used a stated preference survey among EV drivers to investigate the effect of a time-based fee to reduce idle time at a charging station. We tested the effect of such a fee under different scenarios and we modelled the heterogeneity among respondents using a latent class discrete choice model. We find that a fee can be very effective in increasing the efficiency at a charging station but the response to the fee varies among EV drivers depending on their current behaviour and the level of parking pressure they experience near their home. From these findings we draw implications for policy makers and charging point operators who aim to optimize the use of electric vehicle charging stations.
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Karki, Menaka, Dol Raj Kunwar, Bijay Sharma, Sunil Paudel, and Tanka Nath Ojha. "Power Flow management among PV, BESS and Grid for EV Charging." Technical Journal 1, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tj.v1i1.27708.
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Electric Vehicles (EVs) are the cleanest means of transportation compared to the conventional vehicles. Unlike conventional vehicles, EVs do not depend on petroleum products and thus use of electric vehicle is going to dominate the transportation sector soon. The battery electric vehicles need charging stations for their battery to charge. The proposed topology focuses on power flow management for charging of EV loads. it proposes electric vehicle charging system in which vehicle owners are allowed to park their vehicle in the charging station and EVs are charged up to their desired SOC level. The proposed system promotes penetration of RES to a larger extent which minimizes the kwh cost of grid energy consumption, and hence generating significant economical revenue of the charging station. In this paper, charging station is modeled with PV, battery and grid, and power management strategies are proposed among them. Regulation of load sharing and prevention of mismatch between circulating currents supplied by power sources is implemented using fixed droop method. The trend of power demand by EVs in the charging station is estimated and matching between demand and supply is implemented. Energy storage system is used in order to support continuous power availability in the station. The simulations are successfully implemented to validate the effectiveness of the system and to demonstrate the load management system by the uncoordinated method of charging. The overall system is implemented by algorithm run in MATLAB/Simulink.
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Kokane, Amarjit Ramdas. "Intelligent Electric Vehicle Charging Station." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 5 (May 31, 2019): 1817–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.5302.
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Shi, Qing Sheng, and Xiao Zhen Zheng. "Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Optimal Location Based on Fuzzy C-Means Clustering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 3972–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.3972.
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As plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and battery electric vehicle ownership is expanding, there is a growing need for widely distributed publicly accessible charging stations. Building a charging station cost too much. Therefore, optimal location of charging stations has to be dealt with. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the optimal location of charging stations using fuzzy C-means clustering method. Preliminary of fuzzy C-means clustering method is introduced first followed by the procedure of charging station optimal location using Fuzzy C-means Clustering. Finally, simulation results show the validity of proposed method.
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Song, Wei, and Xin He Chen. "Design and Implementation of the Management Platform for Electric Vehicle and Charging Electric Facilities." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 1987–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.1987.
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In order to achieve the management of electric vehicle and related operating facilities to solve the problem that the information of different electric vehicle charging stations cannot be shared, the problem of information silos, this paper designs and implements the CAN bus based electric vehicle charging station management platform, this platform can monitor electric vehicle and facilities, collect real-time data and make analysis and statistics to solve the problem of information silos of electric vehicle and charging exchange power facilities information sharing and reduce the effect of electric vehicle charging to grid. This platform using Struts, Hibernate and Ajax technology. This platform has been applied to Chengdu charging station, which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the platform.
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Zhang, Ru Tong, and Teng Fei Yao. "Energy Model of Electric Vehicle Filling Station." Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (December 2012): 1618–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.1618.
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With the increasingly grim world environmental degradation and energy crisis, the industrial development of electric vehicles and charging for electric facilities has risen to national strategy. Based on the introduction of electric vehicle energy supply mode, proposed for power mode is the main push of the State Grid Corporation of business model. The Large-scale construction of electric vehicle filling station presents a challenge to Power grid, but through the application of V2G technology, electric vehicle power battery become smart grid energy storage structure, strengthen the new energy, electric vehicle charging the relationship between the three power stations and smart grid, and accelerate the integration process among the three.
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Yi, Tao, Xiao-bin Cheng, Hao Zheng, and Jin-peng Liu. "Research on Location and Capacity Optimization Method for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Considering User’s Comprehensive Satisfaction." Energies 12, no. 10 (May 19, 2019): 1915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101915.
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The development of electric vehicles has significant value for the sustainable utilization of energy resources. However, the unreasonable construction of charging stations causes problems such as low user satisfaction, waste of land resources, unstable power systems, and so on. Reasonable planning of the location and capacity of charging stations is of great significance to users, investors and power grids. This paper synthetically considers three indicators of user satisfaction: charging convenience, charging cost and charging time. Considering the load and charging requirements, the model of electric vehicle charging station location and volume is established, and the model based on artificial immune algorithm is used to optimize the solution. An empirical analysis was conducted based on a typical regional survey. The research results show that increasing the density of charging stations, lowering the charging price and shortening the charging time can effectively improve user satisfaction. The constructed site and capacity selection optimization solving model can scientifically guide charging station resource allocation under the constraints of the optimal user comprehensive satisfaction target, improve the capacity of scientific planning and resource allocation of regional electric vehicle charging stations, and support the large-scale promotion and application of electric vehicles.
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Sumanth, Jidigam. "Design and Power Management of Solar Powered Electrical Vehicle Charging Station with Storage System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 2820–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35479.
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This paper represents as Global warming has led to the massive adoption of electrical Vehicles(EVs) which appear to be the simplest replacement to IC engines. Due to increased number of EVs within the road, charging of the vehicles with conventional fuel based grid isn't economical and efficient. Thus, a renewable energy based charging station finds immense potential and control for electric vehicle charging. An electric vehicle charging station integrating solar power and a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is designed for the current scenario. For uninterrupted power within the charging station a further grid support is additionally considered without becoming an additional burden to the grid. An efficient design of charging station with MPPT, PID and current control strategy is developed for the optimal power management between solar, BESS, grid with the EVs within the charging station. By taking dynamic charging needs of EVs, the planning of charging station is formulated and validated in MATLAB/Simulink.
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Tian, Zhihui, Wenbin Hou, Xiaoning Gu, Feng Gu, and Baozhen Yao. "The location optimization of electric vehicle charging stations considering charging behavior." SIMULATION 94, no. 7 (January 8, 2018): 625–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549717743807.
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The electric vehicle is seen as an effective way to alleviate the current energy crisis and environmental problems. However, the lack of supporting charging facilities is still a bottleneck in the development of electric vehicles in the Chinese market. In this paper, the cloud model is used to first predict drivers’ charging behavior. An optimization model of charging stations is proposed, which is based on waiting time. The target of this optimization model is to minimize the time cost to electric vehicle drivers. We use the SCE-UA algorithm to solve the optimization model. We apply our method to Dalian, China to optimize charging station locations. We also analyze the optimized result with or without behavior prediction, the optimized result of different numbers of electric vehicles, and the optimized result of different cost constraints. The analysis shows the feasibility and advantages of the charging station location optimization method proposed in this paper.
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Yan, Qingyou, Hua Dong, and Meijuan Zhang. "Service Evaluation of Electric Vehicle Charging Station: An Application of Improved Matter-Element Extension Method." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 15, 2021): 7910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147910.
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To reach the targets of carbon peaking and neutral, China needs to develop electric vehicles extensively. The service level of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) notably decides the promotion of electric vehicles. Given the current unsatisfactory service performance of charging stations, this paper established a multi-criteria evaluation system for the electric vehicle charging stations. We conducted a survey in 2020 by distributing questionnaires to experts and charging station users. Firstly, from the perspective of the subject and object of charging station service, the evaluation system of 16 indexes for operator service and customer service was constructed. Secondly, the order relation method and entropy weight method were used to determine the subjective weight and objective weight of the indexes, respectively. It was concluded that charging price and parking cost have a great influence on the service evaluation. Then, a comprehensive evaluation model based on the improved matter-element extension method was established to appraise three charging stations in Beijing. Sensitive analysis and comparative analysis were implemented to further demonstrate the effectiveness and stability of the proposed evaluation method. Finally, the evaluation results provided implications for improving the charging service performance.
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Niu, Liyong, and Di Zhang. "Charging Guidance of Electric Taxis Based on Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/354952.
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Electric taxis are playing an important role in the application of electric vehicles. The actual operational data of electric taxis in Shenzhen, China, is analyzed, and, in allusion to the unbalanced time availability of the charging station equipment, the electric taxis charging guidance system is proposed basing on the charging station information and vehicle information. An electric taxis charging guidance model is established and guides the charging based on the positions of taxis and charging stations with adaptive mutation particle swarm optimization. The simulation is based on the actual data of Shenzhen charging stations, and the results show that electric taxis can be evenly distributed to the appropriate charging stations according to the charging pile numbers in charging stations after the charging guidance. The even distribution among the charging stations in the area will be achieved and the utilization of charging equipment will be improved, so the proposed charging guidance method is verified to be feasible. The improved utilization of charging equipment can save public charging infrastructure resources greatly.
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Hayajneh, Hassan S., and Xuewei Zhang. "Evaluation of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Network Planning via a Co-Evolution Approach." Energies 13, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13010025.
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The optimal planning of electric vehicle charging infrastructure has attracted extensive research interest in recent years. Most of the optimization problems were formulated by assuming that the configurations will be fixed at the optimal solution while overlooking the fact that the charging stations and the electric vehicles are “evolving” over time and have mutual impacts. On the other hand, little attention has been paid to evaluate the performance of the solutions in such a dynamic environment. Motivated by these gaps, this work develops a simulation model that captures the interactions between charging station configurations and electric vehicle population (and the preference of electric vehicles when choosing charging station). This modeling framework is then implemented to evaluate the performance of planned charging infrastructure in providing services to electric vehicles. Two indicators are calculated, i.e., usage rate and rejection rate. The former measures the “waste” due to abundant facilities installed; the latter measures the inadequacy of planned facilities, especially when the electric vehicle population is larger. The simulation results presented in this work validate the model and show the potential of the model not only to evaluate designs but also to be used for optimal planning in subsequent works.
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Wang, Zhenpo, Peng Liu, Jia Cui, Yue Xi, and Lei Zhang. "Research on Quantitative Models of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Based on Principle of Energy Equivalence." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/959065.
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In order to adapt the matching and planning requirements of charging station in the electric vehicle (EV) marketization application, with related layout theories of the gas stations, a location model of charging stations is established based on electricity consumption along the roads among cities. And a quantitative model of charging stations is presented based on the conversion of oil sales in a certain area. Both are combining the principle based on energy consuming equivalence substitution in process of replacing traditional vehicles with EVs. Defined data are adopted in the example analysis of two numerical case models and analyze the influence on charging station layout and quantity from the factors like the proportion of vehicle types and the EV energy consumption at the same time. The results show that the quantitative model of charging stations is reasonable and feasible. The number of EVs and the energy consumption of EVs bring more significant impact on the number of charging stations than that of vehicle type proportion, which provides a basis for decision making for charging stations construction layout in reality.
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Nishimwe H., Leon Fidele, and Sung-Guk Yoon. "Combined Optimal Planning and Operation of a Fast EV-Charging Station Integrated with Solar PV and ESS." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 28, 2021): 3152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113152.
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Sufficient and convenient fast-charging facilities are crucial for the effective integration of electric vehicles. To construct enough fast electric vehicle-charging stations, station owners need to earn a reasonable profit. This paper proposed an optimization framework for profit maximization, which determined the combined planning and operation of the charging station considering the vehicle arrival pattern, intermittent solar photovoltaic generation, and energy storage system management. In a planning horizon, the proposed optimization framework finds an optimal configuration of a grid-connected charging station. Besides, during the operation horizon, it determines an optimal power scheduling in the charging station. We formulated an optimization framework to maximize the expected profit of the station. Four types of costs were considered during the planning period: the investment cost, operational cost, maintenance cost, and penalties. The penalties arose from vehicle customers’ dissatisfaction associated with waiting time in queues and rejection by the station. The simulation results showed the optimal investment configuration and daily power scheduling in the charging station in various environments such as the downtown, highway, and public stations. Furthermore, it was shown that the optimal configuration was different according to the environments. In addition, the effectiveness of solar photovoltaic, energy storage system, and queue management was demonstrated in terms of the optimal solution through a sensitivity analysis.
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Islam, Md Mainul, Hussein Shareef, and Azah Mohamed. "Optimal Quick Charging Station Placement for Electric Vehicles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 785 (August 2015): 697–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.785.697.
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Environmental concerns, dependency on imported petroleum and lower cost alternative to gasoline always motivated policymakers worldwide to introduce electric vehicles in road transport system as a solution of those problems. The key issue in this system is recharging the electric vehicle batteries before they are exhausted. Thus, the charging station should be carefully located to make sure the vehicle users can access the charging station within its driving range. This paper therefore proposes a multi-objective optimization method for optimal placement of quick charging station. It intends to minimize the integrated cost of grid energy loss and travelling of vehicle to quick charging station. Due to contrary objectives, weighted sum method is assigned to generate reference Pareto optimal front and optimized the overture by genetic algorithm. The results show that the proposed method can find the optimal solution of quick charging station placement that can benefit electric vehicle users and power grid.
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Wang, Jianxue, Yanlin Cui, and Minghui Zhu. "Probabilistic Harmonic Calculation in Distribution Networks with Electric Vehicle Charging Stations." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/167565.
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Integrating EV charging station into power grid will bring impacts on power system, among which the most significant one is the harmonic pollution on distribution networks. Due to the uncertainty of the EV charging process, the harmonic currents brought by EV charging stations have a random nature. This paper proposed a mathematical simulation method for studying the working status of charging stations, which considers influencing factors including random leaving factor, electricity price, and waiting time. Based on the proposed simulation method, the probability distribution of the harmonic currents of EV charging stations is obtained and used in the calculation of the probability harmonic power flow. Then the impacts of EVs and EV charging stations on distribution networks can be analyzed. In the case study, the proposed simulation and analysis method is implemented on the IEEE-34 distribution network. The influences of EV arrival rates, the penetration rate, and the accessing location of EV charging station are also investigated. Results show that this research has good potential in guiding the planning and construction of charging station.
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Luo, Xiangyu, and Rui Qiu. "Electric Vehicle Charging Station Location towards Sustainable Cities." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 8 (April 17, 2020): 2785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082785.
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Electric vehicles, a significant part of sustainable transport, are attracting increasing attention with the development of sustainable cities. However, as supporting facilities of electric vehicles, public charging stations are of great significance to the promotion of electric vehicles. This paper proposes an electric vehicle charging station location model to improve the resource utilization of electric vehicles for sustainable cities. In this model, reservation services, idle rates during off-peak periods, and waiting time during peak periods are considered. Finally, a case from Chengdu, China, is used to examine the effectiveness of the proposed model. Then, further analyses of reservation ratios and penetration rates are conducted. The results show that the introduction of a reservation service has a positive effect on reducing the total cost, which would provide further support for sustainable cities and have an even greater impact on healthier lives.
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Shi, Liu, Liao, Niu, Ibrahim, and Fu. "An Electric Taxi Charging Station Planning Scheme Based on an Improved Destination Choice Method." Energies 12, no. 19 (October 5, 2019): 3781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12193781.
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The environmental crisis has prompted the development of electric vehicles as a green and environmentally friendly mode of travel. Since a reasonable layout of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations is the prerequisite for developing the EV industry, obtaining an optimal and efficient EV charging station planning scheme is a key issue. Although the Chinese government has carried out a plan to build EV charging piles in residential and working places, it cannot properly fulfill the task of matching the charging needs for public transportation vehicles such as electric taxis (ETs). How to evaluate the performance of fast charging stations (FCSs) and how to help find the optimal ET charging station planning scheme are new challenges. In this paper, an improved destination selection model is proposed to simulate the ET operation system and to help find the optimal ET charging station size with statistical analysis based on the charging need prediction. A numerical case study shows that the proposed method can address ET charging behavior well and can help to statistically determine the size of each ET charging station, which should satisfy the constraints on the preset proportion of the ET charging service requests.
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Ahn, Namhyun, So Jo, and Suk-Ju Kang. "Constraint-Aware Electricity Consumption Estimation for Prevention of Overload by Electric Vehicle Charging Station." Energies 12, no. 6 (March 14, 2019): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12061000.
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An increase in the number of electrical vehicles has resulted in an increase in the number of electrical vehicle charging stations. As a result, the electricity load consumed by charging stations has become large enough to de-stabilize the electricity supply system. Therefore, real-time monitoring of how much electricity each charging station is consuming has become very much important. However, only limited information such as charging time is available from the operators of electric vehicle charging stations. The actual electricity consumption data is not provided in real time. Conventional methods estimate the accumulated electricity consumption of charging stations using a linear regression curve. However, an estimate of the electricity consumption for each charge is needed. In this paper, we propose an advanced electricity estimation system which predicts the energy consumption for each charge. The proposed method uses a constraint-aware non-linear regression curve, and performs additional data selection processes. The experimental results show that the proposed system achieves about 73% regression accuracy. In addition, the proposed system can display the energy consumption per hour and visualize this information on a map. This makes it possible to monitor the electricity consumption of the charging stations in real-time and by location, which helps to select appropriate locations where new vehicle charging stations need to be installed.
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Sun, Hui, Peng Yuan, Zhuoning Sun, Shubo Hu, Feixiang Peng, and Wei Zhou. "Distribution Network Congestion Dispatch Considering Time-Spatial Diversion of Electric Vehicles Charging." Energies 11, no. 10 (October 19, 2018): 2820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102820.
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With the popularization of electric vehicles, free charging behaviors of electric vehicle owners can lead to uncertainty about charging in both time and space. A time-spatial dispatching strategy for the distribution network guided by electric vehicle charging fees is proposed in this paper, which aims to solve the network congestion problem caused by the unrestrained and free charging behaviors of large numbers of electric vehicles. In this strategy, congestion severity of different lines is analyzed and the relationship between the congested lines and the charging stations is clarified. A price elastic matrix is introduced to reflect the degree of owners’ response to the charging prices. A pricing scheme for optimal real-time charging fees for multiple charging stations is designed according to the congestion severity of the lines and the charging power of the related charging stations. Charging price at different charging station at different time is different, it can influence the charging behaviors of vehicle owners. The simulation results confirmed that the proposed congestion dispatching strategy considers the earnings of the operators, charging cost to the owners and the satisfaction of the owners. Moreover, the strategy can influence owners to make judicious charging plans that help to solve congestion problems in the network and improve the safety and economy of the power grid.
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Sengupta, D., and A. Datta. "Validation of optimal electric vehicle charging station allotment on IEEE 15-bus system." Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics, no. 3 (June 23, 2021): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2074-272x.2021.3.11.
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Introduction. The diminishing conventional energy resources and their adverse environmental impacts compelled the researchers and industries to move towards the nonconventional energy resources. Consequently, a drastic paradigm shift is observed in the power and transportation sectors from the traditional fossil fuel based to the renewable energy-based technologies. Considering the proliferation of electric vehicles, the energy companies have been working continuously to extend electric vehicle charging facilities. Problem. Down the line, the inclusion of electric vehicle charging stations to the electric grid upsurges the complication as charging demands are random in nature all over the grid, and in turn, an unplanned electric vehicle charging station installation may cause for the system profile degradation. Purpose. To mitigate the problem, optimum allocation of the charging stations in existing power distribution system in a strategic manner is a matter of pronounced importance in maintaining the system stability and power quality. In this paper, optimum allocation of electric vehicle charging stations in IEEE 15-bus system is studied in order to minimize the highest over and under voltage deviations. Methodology. Primarily, voltage stability analysis is carried out for identification of the suitable system nodes for the integration. Voltage sensitivity indices of all the system nodes are calculated by introducing an incremental change in reactive power injection and noting down the corresponding change in node voltage for all nodes. Henceforth, dynamic load-flow analysis is performed using a fast and efficient power flow analysis technique while using particle swarm optimization method in finding the optimal locations. Results. The results obtained by the application of the mentioned techniques on IEEE 15-bus system not only give the optimum feasible locations of the electric vehicle charging stations, but also provide the maximum number of such charging stations of stipulated sizes which can be incorporated while maintaining the voltage profile. Originality. The originality of the proposed work is the development of the objective function; voltage stability analysis; power flow analysis and optimization algorithms. Practical value. The proposed work demonstrates the detailed procedure of optimum electric vehicle charging station allotment. The experimental results can be used for the subsequent execution in real field.
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Kullman, Nicholas D., Justin C. Goodson, and Jorge E. Mendoza. "Electric Vehicle Routing with Public Charging Stations." Transportation Science 55, no. 3 (May 2021): 637–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2020.1018.
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We introduce the electric vehicle routing problem with public-private recharging strategy in which vehicles may recharge en route at public charging infrastructure as well as at a privately-owned depot. To hedge against uncertain demand at public charging stations, we design routing policies that anticipate station queue dynamics. We leverage a decomposition to identify good routing policies, including the optimal static policy and fixed-route-based rollout policies that dynamically respond to observed queues. The decomposition also enables us to establish dual bounds, providing a measure of goodness for our routing policies. In computational experiments using real instances from industry, we show the value of our policies to be within 10% of a dual bound. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our policies significantly outperform the industry-standard routing strategy in which vehicle recharging generally occurs at a central depot. Our methods stand to reduce the operating costs associated with electric vehicles, facilitating the transition from internal-combustion engine vehicles.
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Zaid, Sherif A., Hani Albalawi, Khaled S. Alatawi, Hassan W. El-Rab, Mohamed E. El-Shimy, Abderrahim Lakhouit, Tareq A. Alhmiedat, and Ahmed M. Kassem. "Novel Fuzzy Controller for a Standalone Electric Vehicle Charging Station Supplied by Photovoltaic Energy." Applied System Innovation 4, no. 3 (September 6, 2021): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asi4030063.
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The electric vehicle (EV) is one of the most important and common parts of modern life. Recently, EVs have undergone a big development thanks to the advantages of high efficiency, negligible pollution, low maintenance, and low noise. Charging stations are very important and mandatory services for electric vehicles. Nevertheless, they cause high stress on the electric utility grid. Therefore, renewable energy-sourced charging stations have been introduced. They improve the environmental issues of the electric vehicles and support remote area operation. This paper proposes the application of fuzzy control to an isolated charging station supplied by photovoltaic power. The system is modeled and simulated using Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results indicate that the disturbances in the solar insolation do not affect the electric vehicle charging process at all. Moreover, the controller perfectly manages the stored energy to compensate for the solar energy variations. Additionally, the system response with the fuzzy controller is compared to that with the PI controller. The comparison shows that the fuzzy controller provides an improved response.
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El-Fedany, Ibrahim, Driss Kiouach, and Rachid Alaoui. "Application Design Aiming to Minimize Drivers’ Trip Duration through Intermediate Charging at Public Station Deployed in Smart Cities." World Electric Vehicle Journal 10, no. 4 (October 26, 2019): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj10040067.
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Today, smart cities are turning to electric transport, carpooling and zero emission zones. The growing number of electric vehicles on the roads makes it increasingly necessary to have a public charging infrastructure. On the other hand, the main limitations of electric vehicles are the limited range of their batteries and their relatively long charging times. To avoid having problems to recharge, electric vehicle drivers must plan their journeys more thoroughly than others. At the goal of optimizing trip time, drivers need to automate their travel plans based on a smart charging solution, which will require the development of new Vehicle-to-Grid applications that will allow at the charging stations to dynamically interact with the vehicles. In this paper, we propose an architecture based on an algorithm allowing the management of charging plans for electric vehicles traveling on the road to their destination, in order to minimize the duration of the drivers’ journey including waiting and charging times. The decision taken by the algorithm based on the exploration of the data of each public supply station according to its location, number of vehicles in the queue, number of charging sockets, and rates of service.
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Iqbal, Sheeraz, Ai Xin, Mishkat Ullah Jan, Salman Salman, Atta ul Munim Zaki, Haseeb Ur Rehman, Muhammad Fahad Shinwari, and Mohamed Abdelkarim Abdelbaky. "V2G Strategy for Primary Frequency Control of an Industrial Microgrid Considering the Charging Station Operator." Electronics 9, no. 4 (March 25, 2020): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9040549.
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Electric vehicles (EVs) have been receiving greater attention as a tool for frequency control due to their fast regulation capability. The proliferation of EVs for primary frequency regulation is hampered by the need to simultaneously maintain industrial microgrids dispatch and EV state of charge levels. The current research aims to examine the operative and dominating role of the charging station operator, along with a vehicle to grid strategy; where, indeterminate tasks are executed in the microgrid without the EVs charging/discharging statistics. The role of the charging station operator in regulation is the assignment of the job inside the primary frequency control capacity of electric vehicles. Real-time rectification of programmed vehicle to grid (V2G) power ensures electric vehicles’ state of charge at the desired levels. The proposed V2G strategy for primary frequency control is validated through the application of a two-area interconnected industrial micro-grid and another microgrids with renewable resources. Regulation specifications are communicated to electric vehicles and charging station operators through an electric vehicle aggregator in the proposed strategy. At the charging station operator, V2G power at the present time is utilized for frequency regulation capacity calculation. Subsequently, the V2G power is dispatched in light of the charging demand and the frequency regulation. Furthermore, V2G control strategies for distribution of regulation requirement to individual EVs are also developed. In summary, the article presents a novel primary frequency control through V2G strategy in an industrial microgrid, involving effective coordination of the charging station operator, EV aggregator, and EV operator.
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Zhang, Ru Tong, Rong Yi Niu, Yang Yang, and Fang Yang. "Design and Application for Electric Vehicle Battery Swap Station." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 3895–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.3895.
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This thesis proposes the construction of the electric vehicle battery-swap station after a comparision of energy supply models between battery swap and charging and fast charging. Electric vehicle battery-swap station can be divided into several parts: power supply system,charging system,battery rack, battery-swap system, monitoring system and station power supply system and so forth. In addition, this thesis makes a specific illustration to the battery charging system and battery-swap system. Finally, the application and future development of electric vehicle battery-swap station is conferred in this thesis.
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Li, Yuxing, Hao Wu, Yu Shi, Hao Li, Xuefeng Gao, and Yeyang Zhu. "Research on Electric-Vehicle Switching Scheduling and Charging Strategy of Charging Stations." E3S Web of Conferences 292 (2021): 01031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129201031.
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In order to effectively alleviate the congestion of power exchange stations, the game theory was used to discuss the spatial characteristics of electric vehicle power exchange demand, analyze the decision making and game process of electric vehicle users specifically. Moreover, on the basis of the research, the specific way of setting the price of the exchange station was proposed and the game mathematical model was constructed.
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Tang, Zhe Ci, Chun Lin Guo, Peng Xin Hou, Yu Bo Fan, and Dong Ming Jia. "Optimal Planning of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Location Based on Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization." Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 1355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.1355.
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In order to determine the layout of electric car charging stations, a model for optimizing charging stations location is developed after charging-demand districts are divided, the number of electric vehicles and the center of each charging district are ready. This model takes the minimization of electric vehicles charging stations total cost which includes initial fixed investment costs, operating costs and charging costs as the objective function, some related constraints which include service radius, capacity of charging station etc. are considered. Particle swarm optimization based on hybridization is proposed to solve this problem. The example verifies feasibility of this method.
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Chung, Ching-Yen, Aleksey Shepelev, Charlie Qiu, Chi-Cheng Chu, and Rajit Gadh. "Mesh Network for RFID and Electric Vehicle Monitoring in Smart Charging Infrastructure." Journal of Communications Software and Systems 10, no. 2 (June 23, 2014): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v10i2.132.
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With an increased number of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) on the roads, PEV charging infrastructure is gaining an ever-more important role in simultaneously meeting the needs of drivers and those of the local distribution grid. However, the current approach to charging is not well suited to scaling with the PEV market. If PEV adoption continues, charging infrastructure will have to overcome its current shortcomings such as unresponsiveness to grid constraints, low degree of autonomy, and high cost, in order to provide a seamless and configurable interface from the vehicle to the power grid. Among the tasks a charging station will have to accomplish will be PEV identification, charging authorization, dynamic monitoring, and charge control. These will have to be done with a minimum of involvement at a maximum of convenience for a user. The system proposed in this work allows charging stations to become more responsive to grid constraints and gain a degree of networked autonomy by automatically identifying and authorizing vehicles, along with monitoring and controlling all charging activities via an RFID mesh network consisting of charging stations and in-vehicle devices. The proposed system uses a ZigBee mesh network of in-vehicle monitoring devices which simultaneously serve as active RFID tags and remote sensors. The system outlined lays the groundwork for intelligent charge-scheduling by providing access to vehicle’s State of Charge (SOC) data as well as vehicle/driver IDs, allowing a custom charging schedule to be generated for a particular driver and PEV. The approach presented would allow PEV charging to be conducted effectively while observing grid constraints and meeting the needs of PEV drivers.
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Atawi, Ibrahem E., Essam Hendawi, and Sherif A. Zaid. "Analysis and Design of a Standalone Electric Vehicle Charging Station Supplied by Photovoltaic Energy." Processes 9, no. 7 (July 19, 2021): 1246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9071246.
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Nowadays, there is a great development in electric vehicle production and utilization. It has no pollution, high efficiency, low noise, and low maintenance. However, the charging stations, required to charge the electric vehicle batteries, impose high energy demand on the utility grid. One way to overcome the stress on the grid is the utilization of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic energy. The utilization of standalone charging stations represents good support to the utility grid. Nevertheless, the electrical design of these systems has different techniques and is sometimes complex. This paper introduces a new simple analysis and design of a standalone charging station powered by photovoltaic energy. Simple closed-form design equations are derived, for all the system components. Case-study design calculations are presented for the proposed charging station. Then, the system is modeled and simulated using Matlab/Simulink platform. Furthermore, an experimental setup is built to verify the system physically. The experimental and simulation results of the proposed system are matched with the design calculations. The results show that the charging process of the electric vehicle battery is precisely steady for all the PV insolation disturbances. In addition, the charging/discharging of the energy storage battery responds perfectly to store and compensate for PV energy variations.
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Chen, Shu Ping, Fan Qiang Cheng, Chen Gan Liu, Qing Chun Zhang, and Long Li. "Conceptual Design of an Automatically Replacing and Charging System for Electric Vehicles." Advanced Materials Research 510 (April 2012): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.510.136.
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Electric vehicle is an important developing trend of the vehicle industry and the power and technique field. But nowadays, there still exist some problems in this field which cant be solved with mature solutions, such as long time of charging, high cost of replacing and charging station and large areas it covers, low efficiency and so on. By building an effective model, this paper brings up a conceptual design of an automatic system of replacing and charging batteries for electric vehicles with the late-model design of the multi-station device. By observing the effect of the experimental device, it can solve the problems mentioned above, but more should be done to improve it. This design, the demo system, mainly includes electric vehicle model system, replacing and charging station system and GPS navigation system, and it performs excellent in experiment.
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Mani, S., R. Raguraj, R. Harikaran, S. Hariramselvakanth, and K. S. Gowthaman. "Development of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Based on Population." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 6, no. 6 (May 30, 2020): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst060604.
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This research investigates electric vehicle(EV) charging behavior and aims to find the best method for its prediction in order to optimize the EV charging station(CS). This paper discusses several commonly used machine learning algorithm or k-Nearest Neighbor(k-NN) to predict charging station based on population data records. According to the objective of the charging station planning, use the concept of group to do clustering evolution search. Hence the results of k-NN algorithm achieved through MATLAB software. Based on the population, the initial time location of the charging station will be randomly considered in Manapparai, Lalgudi, Vaiyampatti, Thiruverumbur in Trichy based on population.
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Zhang, Mingsheng. "Location Planning of Electric Vehicle Charging Station." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 394, no. 4 (August 8, 2018): 042126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/394/4/042126.
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Atmaja, Tinton Dwi, and Midriem Mirdanies. "Electric Vehicle Mobile Charging Station Dispatch Algorithm." Energy Procedia 68 (April 2015): 326–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.03.263.
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Tavlintsev, Alexander, Maria Shorikova, and Sergey Yuferev. "Smoothing the Metropolis Electric Power Consumption Daily Schedule with Mass Use of Electric Vehicles." Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (June 2014): 1402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.1402.
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In connection with the increasing fuel costs and decreasing incomes during the crisis electric vehicles are becoming more and more popular with drivers. With mass growth of using the electrical vehicles a possibility of transmission congestion can take place. While charging the vehicle by means of residential distribution there is a risk of facing electric power supply degradation and local accident conditions in grids. One of the basic current problems is that of the load curve irregularity, i.e. the existence of the peak hours and minimums in demand of the electric power. In its turn the load curve irregularity can cause unacceptable frequency oscillations in power systems. The development of charging station systems will lead to the increasing of the morning and evening demand of the electric power. It requires key investments in generators designing and improving the distribution networks, which in its turn will cause limitations in the number of charging stations and the electric vehicles expansion. Cost differentiation depending upon charging duration time can become an incentive to use charging stations during the periods of the minimum electric power consumption. A possibility of the electric vehicles usage as a means of smoothing the electric power consumption daily schedule is shown in the article. The evaluation of rationality of the electric vehicles integration as a power component in the network was made as well.
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Sierpiński, Grzegorz, Marcin Staniek, and Marcin Jacek Kłos. "Decision Making Support for Local Authorities Choosing the Method for Siting of In-City EV Charging Stations." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 8, 2020): 4682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184682.
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Development of electromobility in urban areas requires an appropriate level of vehicle charging infrastructure. Numerous methods for siting of charging stations have been developed to date, and they appear to be delivering diverse outcomes for the same area, which is why local authorities face the problem of choosing the right station layout. The solution proposed in this article is to use a travel planner to evaluate the distribution of charging stations over the area of a metropolis. The decision making support is achieved by determining optimal travel routes for electric vehicles according to their initial state of charge for the three selected station siting methods. The evaluation focused on the following three aspects: (1) number of travels that cannot be made (due to the lack of a charging station at a certain distance around the start point), (2) extension of the travel caused by the need to recharge the vehicle on-route, and (3) additional energy consumption by electric vehicles required to reach the charging station (necessity of departing from the optimal route). An analysis of the results has made it possible to determine a solution which is superior to others. For the case study analysed in the paper, i.e., the territory of the Metropolis of Upper Silesia and Dabrową Basin (Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolia, GZM), the distribution of charging stations established in line with method I has returned the best results. What the method in question also makes possible is to indicate a safe minimum energy reserve to complete the travel by eliminating situations of unexpected vehicle immobilisation due to on-route energy depletion and by minimising the phenomenon referred to as range anxiety.
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Chen, Guang, Zhuo Ran Song, Pan Dai, Yang Liu, and Yong Ma. "Study on Multi-Objective Optimal Planning of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations with Alternative Sites." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 1656–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.1656.
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Planning of charging stations for electric vehicles (EVs) is the foundation of EV’s promotion and development. A novel multi-objective optimization model is proposed in this paper to better locate and size the charging stations for EVs from given alternative sites. Economic costs of charging station and the time wasted in waiting for charging are minimized in the model. The capacity constraints of the charging stations are included as main constraints. Pareto front is used to compare and estimate the practical value of the current substation locating and sizing plans. A calculation method based on rasterization and Voronoi diagram is proposed to make it clear where the jurisdiction of each charging station ends. Finally, the proposed model and calculation method are verified using case study.
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Tao, Lei, Xing Tong, Xin He, Hui Xu, and Zhong Fu Tan. "Location Analysis of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Based on the Floyd Shortest Path Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 389 (August 2013): 1014–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.389.1014.
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Whether charging the electric vehicle is convenient has an important impact on the promotion of electric vehicles, the construction of charging stations should minimize the total cost of charging the electric vehicles. In order to select the optimal building addresses of charging stations, this paper proposed a site selection method based on the Floyd shortest path algorithm. This method uses the analysis of the shortest charging path between the electric car rallying points by shortest path method, and combines the assumption of charging cost and the number of charging stations in order to minimize the total charging distance in the region. Through the example analysis, this method can select one or more optimal construction sites of charging stations in the regional networks quickly and conveniently, so that the minimum total charging distance can be got and the optimal economic benefits can be achieved, too.
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Talukdar, Bipul Kumar, and Bimal Chandra Deka. "An Approach to Reliability, Availability and Maintainability Analysis of a Plug-In Electric Vehicle." World Electric Vehicle Journal 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj12010034.
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Electric vehicle technologies have seen rapid development in recent years. However, Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability (RAM) related concerns still have restricted large-scale commercial utilization of these vehicles. This paper presents an approach to carry out a quantitative RAM analysis of a plug-in electric vehicle. A mathematical model is developed in the Markov Framework incorporating the reliability characteristics of all significant electrical components of the vehicle system, namely battery, motor, drive, controllers, charging unit, and energy management unit. The study shows that the vehicle’s survivability can be increased by improving its components’ restoration rates. The paper also investigates the role of a charging station on the availability of the vehicle. It illustrates how the grid power supply’s reliability influences the operational effectiveness of a plug-in electric vehicle. The concepts that are presented in the article can support further study on the reliability design and maintenance of a plug-in electric vehicle.
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Gorbunova, Anastasia, and Ilya Anisimov. "The analysis of the electric vehicle charging infrastructure in Tyumen city." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 03016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016403016.
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The development of electric vehicles, which is also observed in the Russian Federation at present, leads to the need to create a charging infrastructure. Variable operating conditions, and in particular low ambient temperature, cause difficulties in the use of electric vehicles, which are associated with a low power reserve and increased energy consumption in the winter. These features of the electric vehicle operation in the Russian Federation can lead to an increase in the number of charging stations needed to create a developed infrastructure, and, therefore, can increase capital costs. The purpose of this research is to identify patterns of the electric vehicle charging station operation in the regional infrastructure using the example of Tyumen city to develop a methodology for calculating their quantity that can satisfy demand in variable climatic conditions with a low capital cost. As a result of this study, patterns of change in the number of charging sessions, its duration and the amount of energy transferred to electric vehicles from the ambient temperature were obtained.