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Journal articles on the topic 'Electric wires and wiring'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 January 2023

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1

Odoh, F. E., E. E. Ebisine, and U. J. Okieke. "Evaluating the quality of electrical wires used for residential building wiring in Delta State, Nigeria." Journal of Engineering Innovations and Applications 1, no. 2 (2022): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/jeia2022.022.

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The utilization of counterfeit and substandard building materials for residential building construction had become a major concern, due to the hazards the occupants of those buildings are being subjected to. This research was carried out to appraise the quality of electrical wires used for residential building wiring in Delta State, Nigeria, and to also investigate the reasons why property developers still use these substandard materials despite the glaring negative consequences. Three commonly used electrical wire sizes (1.5, 2.5 and 4 mm2) for residential building electrical wiring were rand

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2

Hasan Mammadtagiyeva, Tarana. "Use of the computer in the course of teaching the topic "Serial wire connection" in the vii grade to build practical skills of pupils." SCIENTIFIC WORK 61, no. 12 (2020): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/61/98-105.

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The article shows how to develop students' practical skills using computers. As an example, the method of using the Vocational Laboratory Crocodile Phyiscs has been described in the topic of "Serial wire connection". Through this program, the students learn to experimentally apply the regularity of coupled wires. By means of the program, the students also will be introduced to the demonstration of a consistent wiring before the research, and will be informed about the work they will do. At the same time, the article provides a model of work flow in measuring the intensity and tension of the co

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Riba, Jordi-Roger, Manuel Moreno-Eguilaz, Tamerlan Ibrayemov, and Maxence Boizieau. "Surface Discharges Performance of ETFE- and PTFE-Insulated Wires for Aircraft Applications." Materials 15, no. 5 (2022): 1677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051677.

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Compared to their predecessors, the next generations of aircrafts will be more electrified, require more electrical power and operate at higher voltage levels to meet strict weight and volume constraints. The combined effect of low-pressure environments, increased voltage levels and compact designs intensifies the risks of premature insulation degradation due to electrical discharge activity. This paper studies the resistance to surface discharges of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene), two insulation materials widely used in today’s aircraft wiring systems d

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Mokryak, Andrei Yu, Anna V. Mokryak, Soslan V. Skodtaev, and Tatiana V. Safonova. "Determination of the Causes of Copper Wires Beads after Fire in Vehicles." Materials Science Forum 1049 (January 11, 2022): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1049.311.

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An electrical installation that simulates an automobile DC power supply system with a voltage of 12 V has been created. An experimental simulation of a short circuit at currents up to 400 A on copper multi-wire and single-wire conductors under normal environmental conditions is carried out. The copper wires beads were annealed in a furnace at temperatures from 700 to 1000 °C for 20, 40 and 60 minutes. Metallographic analysis of copper wires beads was carried out. The temperatures and times that of at which the signs of short circuit and overcurrent are destroyed has been revealed. Obtained res

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Noh, Seungjun, Chanyang Choe, Chuantong Chen, Shijo Nagao, and Katsuaki Suganuma. "Printed Wiring for High-Power Electric Devices by Using Ag-sinter paste." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2017, no. 1 (2017): 000093–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2017-tp36_052.

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Abstract This work introduces the possibility of using Ag sinter-paste as a novel high-temperature and high-current wire bonding solution. We investigated the electromigration (EM) behavior and lifetime of the sintered Ag wiring under high current density and high temperature required for the design of power electronic devices. The sinter Ag wiring fabricated on the two Cu substrates were tested under current densities of 2.7 × 104 A/cm2 at temperature of 250 °C. The microstructure evolution of sintered wiring was characterized after EM test. The resistance of sintered wiring did not change ev

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TOLLIS, IOANNIS G., and ANDRE V. VAGUINE. "IMPROVED TECHNIQUES FOR WIRING AND STRETCHING LAYOUTS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 02, no. 01 (1992): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126692000040.

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We present improved techniques for obtaining wirings of layouts in the square grid, where at most two wires pass through a point. Namely, we show that the number of layouts that require four layers using our heuristics is often less than half the number of layouts that require four layers without using the heuristics. We also show how to use our heuristics in order to obtain very efficient stretchings of layouts that can be wired using at most three layers.

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Vinogradov, Aleksandr V., and Aleksey V. Bukreev. "Microcontroller Device for Conductor Identification Using Acoustic Signal." Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK 67, no. 1 (2020): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2020-67-1-28-34.

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When repairing and replacing electrical wiring in enterprises, the main difficulty is the lack or poor quality of documentation, plans for conductors laying. Distinguishing wires (cables) and their cores by the color of the shells or using tags attached to the ends is difficult if the shells have the same color and there are no tags. Devices and technical solutions used to identify wires and cables do not allow recognizing conductors without breaking the electrical circuit, removing insulation, and de-energizing the network. Searching for the right conductor is a time-consuming operation. (Res

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Charles, Chris R. J., Mathieu Cavenaile, Paige Harford, Friedhelm Ames, Brad Schultz, and Oliver Kester. "High-voltage breakdown in the injection-extraction region of the CANREB EBIS: A possible mechanism." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2244, no. 1 (2022): 012073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2244/1/012073.

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Abstract OmniTrak simulations were performed in the 40°K injection-extraction region near the collector trumpet of the CANREB EBIS to understand the nature of chronic electrical breakdowns of PEEK feedthroughs. These feedthroughs are designed to route high-voltage wires (up to +15 kV) from room temperature to each drift-tube at 4°K, while operating in the strong superconducting semi-Helmholtz field. The electric field strength |E| at the PEEK feedthroughs are ∼ 7 × 105 V/m within about 2-3 mm of the surroundings at ground potential. When simulating only bare wires (with no PEEK feedthroughs),

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9

Rudyk, Yu I., and V. M. Shunkin. "DETERMINATION OF THE QUANTITY OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL IN CABLE PRODUCTS IN THE PROCESS OF FIRE SAFETY TESTING." Fire Safety, no. 34 (July 19, 2019): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20786662.34.2019.13.

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Introduction. In order to protect objects from dangerous manifestations of fire of cable products, electrical lines are designed and projected in accordance with the fire-protection requirements and the normative documents. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to analyze this problem in several areas concerning the situation with a systematic approach to the technical regulation in Ukraine of such a sector of fire safety as the requirements for cable-wiring lines. Methods. Methods of research: calculations using a mathematical model; comparison of the results of the calculation, forecasting

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Takesue, Naoyuki, Tomoyuki Mine, Rikiya Makino, Kousyun Fujiwara, and Hideo Fujimoto. "Development of Power Assist Crane Operated by Tensional Information of Dual Wire." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 25, no. 6 (2013): 931–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2013.p0931.

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Cranes and hoists at automotive assembly plant handle heavy objects such as batteries to decrease the physical burden on personnel. On/off button operations in such devices during fine positioning increase personnel mental stress. On the other hand, in power assist using force sensors which directly measure operating force, maneuverability is improved but we should be concerned about sensor weight, signal wiring, wire breakage and so on. Therefore, in this study, a power assist system driven by two wires is developed to improvemaneuverability andmaintenance. The method we propose estimates ope

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Bas-Calopa, Pau, Jordi-Roger Riba, and Juan Antonio Ortega. "Low-Pressure Optical Detection, Location, and Quantification of Electrical Discharges in Aircraft Wiring Systems." Aerospace 10, no. 1 (2022): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10010003.

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Strict regulations issued by international administrative bodies limit the CO2 equivalent emissions for new aircraft, while increasing efficiency requirements. To reach this goal, next generations of aircraft will use more electrical power than their predecessors, so distribution voltage levels will inevitably increase to limit the weight of the electrical wiring interconnect system (EWIS). However, such increased voltage levels generate higher electric stresses in insulation materials as well as in electric and electronic components; thus new failure modes triggered by electrical discharges w

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Masomtob, M., K. Wongtida, J. Charoensuk, and S. Charojrochkul. "Improved Electrical Conducting Wires for SOFCs." Advanced Materials Research 55-57 (August 2008): 797–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.55-57.797.

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Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) have attracted a number of researchers due to their efficiency as alternative energy devices. Studies have been conducted to investigate different components of the SOFCs to improve the performances. Current collecting wires are the components which have affected the overall performance. Since SOFCs are normally operated in the temperature range of 700-1000 °C in dual atmospheres, the wiring material must be able to function at this condition. Currently, the material used to make the wires is platinum because of its high electrical conductivity, high melting poin

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Zhang, Xing Zhong. "Method of Judging the Energy Measurement Device Error Wiring Based on Checking Tables." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 2247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.2247.

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Focused on the complexity and Time-consuming of judging the error wiring of the energy measurement device, It extracts a series of electric parameter tables including phase angle table, such as the voltage sequence table, the line voltage location table, phase angle transform table, and phase angle table. And proposes a simple method of judging the error wiring of Three-phase three-wire error wiring of two components energy measurement device. The method based only on the four tables, inspectors only need to look-up the tables in accordance with the measured dates and get the error wiring inst

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14

S, Chitra, Jayakumar J, Venkateshkumar P, Shanty Chacko, and Sivabalan. "Identification of Power Leakage and Protection of Over Voltage in Residential Buildings." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 10, no. 1 (2022): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.100107.

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In many residential buildings the electrical wires of individual houses are laid in the same conduit pipe and some mistakes could be made in identifying similar coloured wires when they are laid in same conduit pipe. Most of the faults are caused by the neutral interconnection in the wiring system. Usually neutral wires are connected to neutral bus within the panel board or switchboard, and are "bonded" to earth ground. In our secondary distribution, tree system of supply is mostly utilized. The voltage of each phase to neutral will be maintained at rated value even during the unbalanced load

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Al – Hamad, Mawlood M. "Modernization of Electrical Installation by using Wireless Remote Control." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 17, no. 4 (2010): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.17.4.04.

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Great benefits can be achieved by using wireless remote control in electrical wiring systems of buildings. Probably the main advantage of this application is the drastic saving in wiring installations, which in turn will give higher reliability, safety and economy. The idea of this application can be summarized in the following explanation. ” Instead off connecting each point of electrical system to individual switch by wires, a remote receiver can be situated in a place near to the point. The transmitter is used to operate the point remotely. The mains are connected to the receiver which will

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Thakur, Shashidhar, Kai-Yuan Chao, and D. F. Wong. "Minimum Crosstalk Vertical Layer Assignment for Three-Layer VHV Channel Routing." VLSI Design 7, no. 1 (1998): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1998/34910.

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With the increasing density of VLSI circuits, the interconnection wires are getting packed even closer. This has increased the effect of interaction between these wires on circuit performance and hence, the importance of controlling crosstalk. We consider the gridded channel routing problem where, specifically, the channel has 3 routing layers in the VHV configuration. Given a horizontal track assignment for the nets, we present an optimal algorithm for minimizing the crosstalk between vertical wiring segments in the channel by finding an optimal vertical layer assignment for them. We give an

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17

Boorse, Jack W. "Directly and Indirectly Reducing Visual Impact of Electric Railway Overhead Contact Systems." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1930, no. 1 (2005): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193000107.

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This paper discusses the visual impact of the overhead wiring, known more formally as an overhead contact system, that is an integral part of a light rail transit network. In situations in which this type of impact causes community concern, the traditional approach has been to employ design concepts that minimize the amount of visible electrical hardware that is installed. This is a valid and worthy objective, but there are additional ways to address this issue. This paper explores various components of a traction power distribution system, including contact wires, feeder cables, and supportin

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Bas-Calopa, Pau, Jordi-Roger Riba, and Manuel Moreno-Eguilaz. "Corona Discharge Characteristics under Variable Frequency and Pressure Environments." Sensors 21, no. 19 (2021): 6676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196676.

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More electric aircrafts (MEAs) are paving the path to all electric aircrafts (AEAs), which make a much more intensive use of electrical power than conventional aircrafts. Due to the strict weight requirements, both MEA and AEA systems require to increase the distribution voltage in order to limit the required electrical current. Under this paradigm new issues arise, in part due to the voltage rise and in part because of the harsh environments found in aircrafts systems, especially those related to low pressure and high-electric frequency operation. Increased voltage levels, high-operating freq

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19

Filik, Kamil, Sebastian Hajder, and Grzegorz Masłowski. "Multi-Stroke Lightning Interaction with Wiring Harness: Experimental Tests and Modelling." Energies 14, no. 8 (2021): 2106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082106.

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This paper presents the obtained results of experimental tests and modelling of lightning disturbances that were propagated in a model of aircraft cable bundle and caused by multiple lightning return-strokes interactions. The work is a continuation of previous research, which was concerned mainly with the interaction of lightning discharge with a single return-stroke. The section of the cable harness arranged above the metal plate was investigated. In one of its wires, a multiple-stroke current representing indirect lightning effects was injected from an impulse current generator dedicated to

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20

Wang, Tian Hao, Yin Han Gao, Kai Yu Yang, Jun Dong Zhang, Le Gao, and Yu Jin. "The Research of the Electric Vehicle Wiring Harness Dynamic Crosstalk Based on Statistical Simulation Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 1852–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.1852.

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In the actual situation, because of the shock of automobile in the movement process and the wire harness in undulating tube placement is random, leading to the relative position of the wire harness is not fixed, Thus lead to crosstalk value has certain dynamic range. In this paper, obtained the unit mutual inductance and mutual capacitance of wire with insulation layer using mirror image method, simulation and prediction of crosstalk dynamic interval by statistical simulation method, obtain harness near end crosstalk changes range within 3dB at a confidence level of 80%. This provides a refere

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Haas, Peter, Milan Kadnár, Juraj Rusnák, František Tóth, and Dušan Nógli. "Influence of RC Element Wiring in Electrical Circuit on Electromechanical Thermostat Contact Wear." Acta Technologica Agriculturae 19, no. 3 (2016): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ata-2016-0014.

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Abstract Contact wear caused by electric arc during electric contact make (cut-in) and break (cut-out) has the direct impact on the contact lifetime. The RC element wired parallelly to the contact will eliminate or reduce the arcing and subsequently extend the lifetime. Comparative tests of the two sets of identical Danfoss 077B electromechanical thermostats have been carried out. In the first batch, standard thermostats were tested. In the second batch, the same thermostat types, but with RC elements wired parallel to thermostats main contacts were tested. Measurement has not proven any impro

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Matsuura, Susumu, Taku Noda, Masatoshi Nakamura, and Hiroshi Sakai. "Modeling of Service-Drop Wires and Interior-Wiring Cables for Lightning Overvoltage Studies." IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 130, no. 2 (2010): 246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejpes.130.246.

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Tone, Yuya, and Toru Tanzawa. "An Optimum Structure of Scalable Capacitors in 3D Crosspoint Memory Technology." Electronics 10, no. 22 (2021): 2755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10222755.

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Memory chips need large capacitors in their periphery to drive boosted word-lines and bit-lines for read and write operations. In a previous work, scalable capacitors were proposed for 3D crosspoint memory to keep the area for the capacitors constant over technology generations. This paper proposes the capacitance models of three types of wiring capacitors: (1) vertical capacitor, (2) vertical and horizontal capacitor with next-neighbor wires connected with the other terminal, and (3) vertical and horizontal capacitor with next-neighbor pairs connected with the other terminal. These models are

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Takei, Yusuke, Ken-ichi Nomura, Yoshinori Horii, Daniel Zymelka, Hirobumi Ushijima, and Takeshi Kobayashi. "Fabrication of Simultaneously Implementing “Wired Face-Up and Face-Down Ultrathin Piezoresistive Si Chips” on a Film Substrate by Screen-Offset Printing." Micromachines 10, no. 9 (2019): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10090563.

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We realized the implementation of an ultrathin piezoresistive Si chip and stretchable printed wires on a flexible film substrate using simple screen-offset printing technology. This process does not require a special MEMS fabrication equipment and is applicable to face-up chips where electrodes are formed on the top surface of the chip, as well as to face-down chips where electrodes are formed on the bottom surface of the chip. This fabrication process is quite useful in the field of flexible hybrid electronics (FHE) as a method for mounting and wiring electronic components on a flexible subst

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MacDonald, Eric, Ryan Wicker, David Espalin, Andy Kwas, and Peter Ruby Craig Kief. "3D Printing of High Voltage Printed Wiring Boards." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2016, DPC (2016): 000542–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2016dpc-ta34.

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In the last decade, research has focused on 3D printing for not only creating conceptual models but functional end-use products as well. As patents for 3D printing expire, new low cost desktop systems are being adopted more widely. This trend is leading to products being fabricated locally and improving supply chain logistics. However, currently low cost 3D printing is limited in the number of materials used simultaneously in fabrication and consequently is confined to fabricating enclosures and conceptual models. For additively manufactured end-use products to be useful, supplementary feature

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Assaf, Tareq. "A Frequency Modulation-Based Taxel Array: A Bio-Inspired Architecture for Large-Scale Artificial Skin." Sensors 21, no. 15 (2021): 5112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155112.

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This work introduces an array prototype based on a Frequency Modulation (FM) encoding architecture to transfer multiple sensor signals on a single wire. The use case presented adopts Hall-effect sensors as an example to represent a much larger range of sensor types (e.g., proximity and temperature). This work aims to contribute to large area artificial skin systems which are a key element to enhance robotic platforms. Artificial skin will allow robotic platforms to have spatial awareness which will make interaction with objects and users safe. The FM-based architecture has been developed to ad

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Maevskaya, Elena Iu ,., Dmitrij A. ,. Maevsky, Artem, Savieliev, and Oleksandr N. ,. Semenjug. "EFFICIENCY OF TWO-WIRE ELECTRIC CABLES IN VIEW OF MUTUAL INFLUENCE BETWEEN ITS WIRING." ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS 24, no. 100 (2017): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/eltecs.24.100.2017.11.

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Hu, Bin, and Ricky W. K. Chan. "Railway Overhead Wiring Structures in Australia: Review and Structural Assessment." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (2022): 1492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031492.

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Overhead wiring structures (OWS) provide physical support to overhead electrical wires that power trains. They are typically spaced at 50 to 70 m. In a rail network, tens of thousands of these structures are required. Although they are simple structures, due to their numbers; design, construction and maintenance often involve large capital investments. Their reliability is also crucial to a safe operating rail network. This paper presents a review of OWS in Australia. Electrification of train services began in the 1910s, making some of the OWS over 100 years old. Descriptions in this article i

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Hudym, V., O. Nazarovets, and T. Shpak. "MICROSTRUCTURAL PHASE ANALYSIS OF COPPER WIRE SAMPLES HEATED BY DIRECT CURRENT." Fire Safety, no. 33 (December 31, 2018): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20786662.33.2018.04.

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According to statistics, one of the most common causes of vehicle fires is the fire hazard of operating onboard electrical networks - 35%. The most common causes of vehicle fires, during their operation, are malfunctions of electrical equipment (short circuit and overload of on-board electrical wiring) and fuel systems. In this regard, the problem arose to identify the cause and establish the involvement of the ignition of the on-board electrical system and the electrical equipment of the vehicle by studying the microstructures of the conductive elements of the power grid. Microstr

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Ben Safar, Saleh. "Designing, Building and Controlling of Home Appliances Unit Using PC." International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT (iJES) 5, no. 4 (2017): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijes.v5i4.7796.

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<p class="0abstract"><span lang="EN-US">Smart home is a residential building that is usually new or modern equipped with necessary tools and wiring that enable its occupants to control a number of electrical devices and several household appliances through a suitable software. Recently, the development of home automation systems is accelerating rapidly as a result of the rapid intersection of modern technologies. Here we are talking about systems for home communication networks as well as entertainment, security, convenience, etc. These systems are controlled by sending signals thr

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Samanta, Akash, and Sheldon S. Williamson. "A Survey of Wireless Battery Management System: Topology, Emerging Trends, and Challenges." Electronics 10, no. 18 (2021): 2193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10182193.

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An effective battery management system (BMS) is indispensable for any lithium-ion battery (LIB) powered systems such as electric vehicles (EVs) and stationary grid-tied energy storage systems. Massive wire harness, scalability issue, physical failure of wiring, and high implementation cost and weight are some of the major issues in conventional wired-BMS. One of the promising solutions researchers have come up with is the wireless BMS (WBMS) architecture. Despite research and development on WBMS getting momentum more than a decade ago, it is still in a preliminary stage. Significant further up

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Kawecki, Artur, Eliza Sieja-Smaga, Kinga Korzeń, Magdalena Majchrowska, and Piotr Noga. "Research on Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Cu-Ag Alloys Designed for the Construction of High Magnetic Field Generators." Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering 5, no. 4 (2021): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/jcme.2021.5.4.103.

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The individual sections, wiring and construction of electromagnet windings responsible for strong magnetic field impulses may be one application for hypoeutectic Cu-Ag alloys. High electrical properties and mechanical properties (tensile strength, yield strength, impact strength) as well as high heat, fatigue and rheological resistance are required for these kinds of applications due to the unique nature of such operations (strong vibrations of high frequency and amplitude resulting from Lorenz forces and the possibility of significant and rapid heating from Jule’s heat). The limited solubilit

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Tkáč, Štefan, and Zuzana Vranayová. "Advances in Small Scale Water Energy Systems and Distribution Model for Micro-Urban Development in Slovak Republic and Taiwan R.O.C." Advanced Materials Research 740 (August 2013): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.740.809.

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Currently Taiwan and Slovakia import over 90% of energy consumables annually. High energy import rates make both countries viably engaged in research on renewable resources, also green planning policy has been proposed. Population is concentrated in the major cities which are facing energy deficiency issues. The unregulated development of micro-urban areas is underestimated in both cases so are the energy issues bound with them. Centralized energy sources require long distance wires to support remote areas. The proposed urban idea consists of energy resource decentralization by detailed focus

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Kahng, Andrew B., Sudhakar Muddu, and Egino Sarto. "Tuning Strategies for Global Interconnects in High-Performance Deep-Submicron ICs." VLSI Design 10, no. 1 (1999): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1999/38974.

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Interconnect tuning is an increasingly critical degree of freedom in the physical design of high-performance VLSI systems. By interconnect tuning, we refer to the selection of line thicknesses, widths and spacings in multi-layer interconnect to simultaneously optimize signal distribution, signal performance, signal integrity, and interconnect manufacturability and reliability. This is a key activity in most leading-edge design projects, but has received little attention in the literature. Our work provides the first technology-specific studies of interconnect tuning in the literature. We cente

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Yastrebov, Dmitry Pavlovich, Oleg Aleksandrovich Belov, Vladimir Alekseevich Shvetsov, Andrey Pavlovich Ushakevich, Gleb Valerievich Kuznetsov, and Bogdan Vladimirovich Tarabanov. "To problem of using aluminum electrodes to maintain corrosion protection of steel hulls of ships and vessels." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2021, no. 3 (2021): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2021-3-23-32.

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The article highlights the test results of a non-standard reference electrode made of a stripped of insulation strand of aluminum wiring, which were conducted on board an auxiliary marine vessel PM-15. The potential of the ship’s hull was measured at the same control point using three reference electrodes: silver chloride electrode No. 1; aluminum electrode No. 2; aluminum electrode No. 3. The vessel’s hull potential was measured over five days. All three reference electrodes were used daily. With the help of each electrode, fifty parallel measurements of the potential of the ship’s hull were

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Das, Rabindra N., John M. Lauffer, Frank D. Egitto, Mark D. Poliks, and Voya R. Markovich. "Rediscovering Multilayer Rigid-Flex with Z-interconnect Technology." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2012, no. 1 (2012): 000949–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2012-wp54.

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Rigid-flex allows designers to replace multiple substrates interconnected with connectors, wires, and ribbon cables with a single package offering improved performance, reliability, and a potential cost-effective solution. However, processing and materials selection is critical in order to achieve high quality multilayer, rigid-flex structures. To date, there is no technology available which can economically produce high density multilayer rigid-flex with rigid or flex originating from any layer in the stack. In the present study, a novel strategy allowing for multi-layer rigid flex structures

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Navas-Reascos, Gabriel E., David Romero, Ciro A. Rodriguez, Federico Guedea, and Johan Stahre. "Wire Harness Assembly Process Supported by a Collaborative Robot: A Case Study Focus on Ergonomics." Robotics 11, no. 6 (2022): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics11060131.

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Products and assets are becoming increasingly “smart”, e.g., mechatronic, electronic, or cyber-physical. In the lack of fully reliable wireless solutions, extensive wiring and wire bundling into wire harnesses are needed. This has manufacturing implications, leading to increasingly complex wire harness assembly processes, where numerous components, connectors, and cables are assembled, connecting critical and non-critical electric and electronic systems in smart products and assets. Thus, wire harnesses demand is rapidly rising in most industries, requiring human or robotic work. Often, requir

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Sundaram, Rajyashree M., Atsuko Sekiguchi, Mizuki Sekiya, Takeo Yamada, and Kenji Hata. "Copper/carbon nanotube composites: research trends and outlook." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 11 (2018): 180814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.180814.

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We present research progress made in developing copper/carbon nanotube composites (Cu/CNT) to fulfil a growing demand for lighter copper substitutes with superior electrical, thermal and mechanical performances. Lighter alternatives to heavy copper electrical and data wiring are needed in automobiles and aircrafts to enhance fuel efficiencies. In electronics, better interconnects and thermal management components than copper with higher current- and heat-stabilities are required to enable device miniaturization with increased functionality. Our literature survey encouragingly indicates that Cu

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Kuderko, Dmitry, Vladimir Tselischev, and Dmitry Tselischev. "PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF FLIGHT CONTROL SURFACES ACTUATORS OF CIVIL AIRCRAFT." Perm National Research Polytechnic University Aerospace Engineering Bulletin, no. 67 (2021): 70–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/2224-9982/2021.67.07.

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The main problems arising in the development of systems of actuators with remote control for promising aircraft are considered. The tasks of the fly-by-wire control system for actuators of the aircraft are determined. The directions of development of improving the mass-dimensional and dynamic characteristics, improving the design and layout of circuit solutions, control systems and improving operational characteristics, which provide an increase in the quality and safety of the aircraft operation, are given. A concept for the development of actuators for the control surfaces of a passenger air

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Monier-Vinard, Eric, Brice Rogie, Valentin Bissuel, Najib Laraqi, Olivier Daniel, and Marie-Cécile Kotelon. "State of the art of thermal characterization of electronic components using computational fluid dynamic tools." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 27, no. 11 (2017): 2433–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-10-2016-0380.

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Purpose Latest Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFDs) tools allow modeling more finely the conjugate thermo-fluidic behavior of a single electronic component mounted on a Printed Wiring Board (PWB). A realistic three-dimensional representation of a large set of electric copper traces of its composite structure is henceforth achievable. The purpose of this study is to confront the predictions of the fully detailed numerical model of an electronic board to a set of experiment results to assess their relevance. Design/methodology/approach The present study focuses on the case of a Ball Grid Array (B

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Phillips, K. "WIRING AN ELECTRIC CONVERSATION." Journal of Experimental Biology 207, no. 7 (2004): 1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.00916.

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Mostini, Leonardo. "[Birds trapped in telephone wiring system]." Rivista Italiana di Ornitologia 88, no. 1 (2018): 57–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/rio.2018.317.

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[Six cases of birds trapped in telephone wires or in structures connected to telephone wires were signaled in the areas of Turin and Novara (Piedmont, N. W. Italy). The birds stayed hanging fatally either by chance or during a trophic activity. The species involved in the described episodes are five, but become eight when added to the ones subjects of previous signaling: Little bitten Ixobrychus minutus, Grey heron Ardea cinerea, Moorhen Gallinula chloropus, Barn owl Tyto alba, Little owl Athene noctua, Robin Erithacus rubecula, Starling Sturnus vulgaris, Hooded crow Corvus corone cornix.]&#x0

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Chételat, Olivier, Michaël Rapin, Benjamin Bonnal, André Fivaz, Josias Wacker, and Benjamin Sporrer. "Remotely Powered Two-Wire Cooperative Sensors for Biopotential Imaging Wearables." Sensors 22, no. 21 (2022): 8219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218219.

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Biopotential imaging (e.g., ECGi, EEGi, EMGi) processes multiple potential signals, each requiring an electrode applied to the body’s skin. Conventional approaches based on individual wiring of each electrode are not suitable for wearable systems. Cooperative sensors solve the wiring problem since they consist of active (dry) electrodes connected by a two-wire parallel bus that can be implemented, for example, as a textile spacer with both sides made conductive. As a result, the cumbersome wiring of the classical star arrangement is replaced by a seamless solution. Previous work has shown that

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Shrestha, Dinesh Kumar, Merina Shrestha, Dipendra KC, Prateek Karki, Sabin Shrestha, and Sushil Yogi. "Effectiveness of Surgical Treatment of Rockwood Type III Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation Using Clavicle Hook Plate and Tension Band Wiring: A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Functional and Surgical Outcome." Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College 18, no. 1 (2020): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngmc.v18i1.35211.

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Introduction: Acromioclavicular joint dislocation Type III is still controversial for its management, despite of numerous trials and reviews. Aims: To compare and evaluate the functional and surgical outcome of Rockwood Type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation treated surgically with clavicular Hook plate and Tension Band wiring with K-wires. Methods: In a prospective hospital based interventional study comprising of total 22 patients with a mean age of 31.36 ± 7.53 years who presented with Rockwood Type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation were carried between January 2018 to December

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Kuo, Chien-Chung, Horng-Chaung Hsu, Shih-Wun Hong, and Tung-Wu Lu. "BIOMECHANICAL ASSESSMENT OF TENSION-BAND WIRING FOR OLECRANON FRACTURES." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 23, no. 01 (2011): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237211002402.

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Tension-band wiring is the preferred method of treatment for olecranon fractures and is widely used throughout the world. This technique simply and effectively transforms the forces produced by the pulling of the triceps into forces causing compression of the fracture. Although the procedure is associated with a high union rate, the incidence of skin complications is also high. The most frequent complication is symptomatic prominence of the Kirschner wires (K-wires). The purpose of this retrospective study was to identify the optimal fixation of tension-band wiring in the treatment of olecrano

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Marks, Philip. "ELECTRIC VEHICLE WIRING DESIGN CHALLENGES." ATZelektronik worldwide 7, no. 5 (2012): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s38314-012-0113-2.

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Wang, Shuoguang, Ke Miao, Shiyong Li, and Qiang An. "Through-the-Wall Micro-Doppler De-Wiring Technique via Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Network." Electronics 11, no. 1 (2021): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11010124.

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The radar penetrating technique has aroused a keen interest in the research community, due to its superior abilities for through-the-wall indoor human motion monitoring. Micro-Doppler signatures in this situation play a significant role in recognition and classification for human activities. However, the live wire buried in the wall introduces additive clutters to the spectrograms. Such degraded spectrograms drastically affect the performance of behind-the-wall human activity detection. In this paper, an ultra-wideband (UWB) radar system is utilized in the through-the-wall scenario to get the

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Bhagwat, Krishna A., Georgina C. Stephens, Mathew Jose Chakaramakkill, and Ratheesraj Ratinam. "Modified Tightening for Figure-of-Eight Sternal Wiring Closure." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 10, no. 5 (2015): 368–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/imi.0000000000000194.

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This is a simple and quick method for the tightening of figure-of-eight wires routinely used for sternal closure. This technique gives a stable approximation, adequate reduction, and immobilization, providing higher strength and rigidity compared with conventional figure-of-eight closure. The advantage of this technique is that it tightens all the four wires equally, thus avoiding loose loops.

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Krivoshapko, S. V. "Osteosynthesis of tubular bones of upper extremities by external wiring apparatus of lightened construction." Kazan medical journal 78, no. 1 (1997): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj81128.

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The treatment of patients with upper extremity bones fracture by external wiring apparatus mounted from Elizarov's apparatus parts without through layed wires is proposed. The choice of such rational arranging of the apparatus allows to avoid the complications connected with layed wires through neurovascular formations and major massive of soft tissue.

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Zhang, Ji, Qi Peng Chen, and Juan Shi. "Transient Analysis for Multi-Conductor Transmission Lines Based on FDTD Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 568-570 (June 2014): 1207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.568-570.1207.

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Difference equations of multi-conductor transmission lines (MTL) were derived. Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method combined with MTL theory was used to model and simulate the impacts of radius, height from the ground, distance between wires, raise/fall time of excitation source and types of wires on wires crosstalk. This study proposes the corresponding improvement scheme and has a certain reference value on the vehicle wiring harness layout and its EMC design.

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