Journal articles: 'Electric wiring'

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Phillips, K. "WIRING AN ELECTRIC CONVERSATION." Journal of Experimental Biology 207, no. 7 (March 1, 2004): 1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.00916.

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Cheng, Ying Ying, Hua Xiao Yang, Xing Zhe Hou, Ji Xiao, and Jie Du. "Design of a New Electric Energy Metering Cubicle System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 1457–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.1457.

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Based on the analysis of traditional electric energy metering cubicle, there are still a lot of disadvantages in operation. This paper presents a new type of electric energy metering cubicle. The composite intelligent terminal wiring device, intelligent locking device and image monitoring equipment are applied to the traditional standard electric energy metering cubicle. It is suggested that the new electric energy metering cubicle can effectively ensure the safety of the staff, prevent power loss caused by incorrect wiring and avoid electricity theft.

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Marks, Philip. "ELECTRIC VEHICLE WIRING DESIGN CHALLENGES." ATZelektronik worldwide 7, no. 5 (October 2012): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s38314-012-0113-2.

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Noh, Seungjun, Chanyang Choe, Chuantong Chen, Shijo Nagao, and Katsuaki Suganuma. "Printed Wiring for High-Power Electric Devices by Using Ag-sinter paste." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2017, no. 1 (October 1, 2017): 000093–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2017-tp36_052.

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Abstract This work introduces the possibility of using Ag sinter-paste as a novel high-temperature and high-current wire bonding solution. We investigated the electromigration (EM) behavior and lifetime of the sintered Ag wiring under high current density and high temperature required for the design of power electronic devices. The sinter Ag wiring fabricated on the two Cu substrates were tested under current densities of 2.7 × 104 A/cm2 at temperature of 250 °C. The microstructure evolution of sintered wiring was characterized after EM test. The resistance of sintered wiring did not change even after EM test for 300 hours, which confirms that the Ag-paste sinter wire bonding is rather stable than aluminum wire bonding under high temperature and high current density. No degradation was observed in microstructure of sintered wiring after EM test. Thus, it is expected that Ag paste sinter wire bonding is one of potential alternative interconnection technology for power electronic devices.

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Zhang, Xing Zhong. "Method of Judging the Energy Measurement Device Error Wiring Based on Checking Tables." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 2247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.2247.

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Focused on the complexity and Time-consuming of judging the error wiring of the energy measurement device, It extracts a series of electric parameter tables including phase angle table, such as the voltage sequence table, the line voltage location table, phase angle transform table, and phase angle table. And proposes a simple method of judging the error wiring of Three-phase three-wire error wiring of two components energy measurement device. The method based only on the four tables, inspectors only need to look-up the tables in accordance with the measured dates and get the error wiring instead of drawing vector plots. Because these tables root from vector plots. It greatly simplifies inspectors to judge wiring mistake, improves the working efficiency and makes the test results more accurate.

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Risch, Florian, Jan Tremel, Tobias Klier, and Jörg Franke. "Flexible Automation for the Production of Stators and Rotors of Electric Vehicles." Advanced Materials Research 907 (April 2014): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.907.321.

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The increasing electrification of the drive train will - sooner or later - lead to significant changes in the value chains for vehicle manufacturers and suppliers, while sales potentials are still uncertain. Due to the currently small number and high diversity of industrial electric motors with higher power and the complex handling of the necessary materials, the processes are based on manual labor content. For the automotive industry high volume production concepts for electric traction motors will be required in the future. Thus, the importance of automated assembly and manufacturing technologies for electric motors moves into focus. In the production of electric motors e.g. the wiring processes of the stators and the magnet assemblies for permanent-magnet synchronous rotors show potential for further process rationalization. This paper presents alternative approaches for the automation of wiring and magnet assembly processes developed at the Institute for Factory Automation and Production Systems (FAPS) at the Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.

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Ichikawa, Keita, Natsumi Basaki, Yu Yamashita, and Yoko Yamanishi. "Plasma-Induced Bubble Microjet Metallization of Elastomer." Micromachines 10, no. 6 (June 11, 2019): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10060389.

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As the development of flexible materials and advanced materials progresses, innovative wiring methods for these materials are attracting attention. In this study, we investigated a new wiring technology using plasma-induced microbubbles for elastomer without any surface treatment. Our technology includes three main points. (1) Unlike electroless plating and other conventional methods, it does not require complicated pre-surface treatment processes before wiring. (2) A wiring resolution of 500 micro meter can be reached quickly and economically. (3) Robust metallic adhesion on a wide range of materials can be successfully carried out with precise positioning. Here, by applying our method, we adhered nickel nanoparticles to a latex rubber substrate and demonstrated the electrical conductivity of the created line. The result suggests that our method has potential as an innovative wiring technology to precisely, robustly, and simply fabricate an electric circuit without any complicated procedures or pre-treatment. Our method can contribute to microfabrication technologies.

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Yamasaki, J., M. Nonaka, S. Yokota, and K. Shimamura. "Development of inverted pendulum thrust stand with spring-shaped wire for high power electric thrusters." Review of Scientific Instruments 94, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 034501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087076.

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Pendulum thrust stands are used to measure the thrust of electric propulsion systems for spacecraft. A thruster is mounted on a pendulum and operated, and the pendulum displacement due to thrust is measured. In this type of measurement, the pendulum is also affected by nonlinear tensions due to wiring and piping that deteriorate the accuracy of the measurement. This influence cannot be ignored in high power electric propulsion systems because complicated piping and thick wirings are required. Therefore, to reduce the influence of tension due to wires and tubes, we developed an inverted pendulum-type thrust stand with pipes and wirings as springs. In this paper, we first derive the design guidelines for spring-shaped wires; the necessary conditions for sensitivity, responsivity, spring shape, and electric wire were formulated. Next, a thrust stand was designed and fabricated based on these guidelines, and the performance of the stand was evaluated through calibration and thrust measurements using a 1 kW-class magneto-plasma-dynamics thruster. The sensitivity of the thrust stand was 17 mN/V, the normalized standard deviation of the variation of the measured values owing to the structure of the thrust stand was 1.8 × 10−3, and the thermal drift during the long-time operation was ∼4.5 × 10−3 mN/s.

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9

Maier, Jonas, and Hans-Christian Reuss. "Design of Zonal E/E Architectures in Vehicles Using a Coupled Approach of k-Means Clustering and Dijkstra’s Algorithm." Energies 16, no. 19 (September 29, 2023): 6884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16196884.

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Electromobility and autonomous driving has started a transformation in the automotive industry, resulting in new requirements for vehicle systems. Due to its functions, the electrical/electronic (E/E) architecture is one of the essential systems. Zonal E/E architecture is a promising approach to tackle this issue. The research presented in this paper describes a methodology for determining the optimal number of zones, the position of the zone control units (ZCU), and the assignment of electric components to these zones and ZCUs. Therefore, the design of the power supply and the wiring harness is essential. This approach aims to identify the most suitable system architecture for a given vehicle geometry and a set of electric components. For this purpose, the assignment of electric components is accomplished by k-means clustering, and Dijkstra’s algorithm is used to optimize the cable routing. As ZCUs will be the hubs for the in-vehicle data and information transport in zonal architectures, their position and their number are crucial for the architecture and wiring harness development. Simulations show a suitable zonal architecture reduces wiring harness length as well as weight and brings functional benefits. However, the number of zones must be chosen with care, as there may also be functional limitations.

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Hirano, Kazue, Masaya Toba, and Masaki Yamaguchi. "Low Transmission Loss Cu Wirings with Smooth Seed Layer and High Adhesion against Prepregs." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2021, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 000308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/1085-8024-2021.1.000308.

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Abstract Semiconductor packages for high performance devices with printed circuit boards having multi wiring layers such as FC-BGA have been attracting the attention in order to realize ultra-reliable and low latency communications in 5G networking. Cu wirings for the package are usually fabricated by semi-additive process (SAP) with desmear process and/or modified semi-additive process (MSAP) by using Cu foil with large surface roughness. Though a desmear process and Cu foil can obtain enough adhesion between dielectric and Cu seed layer by anchoring effect to secure reliabilities, the interface between dielectric and Cu seed layer should be smooth to achieve low attenuation of electric signals at high frequencies. Here, instead of that processes, we applied an UV modification for the surface of our developed prepreg in order to realize a smooth and high adhesive seed layer against the dielectric. We also conducted chemical modification for the surface of Cu foil to achieve low attenuation of transmission loss and high adhesion against prepreg. We successfully assembled Cu wirings with L/S = 6/6 μm on prepregs by SAP. High peel strength between Cu foil and prepreg was obtained due to chemical modification for the surface of Cu foil. The normalized transmission loss of Cu wiring assembled through MSAP was improved as compared to Cu foil with rough surface.

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11

Balashov, O. P. "INVESTIGATION OF LEAKAGE CURRENT DISTRIBUTION IN ELECTRICAL WIRING THAT FEEDS A GROUP OF ELECTRIC RECEIVERS WITH A MOTOR LOAD." EurasianUnionScientists 1, no. 7(76) (August 20, 2020): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.1.76.893.

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The article investigates the distribution of leakage current in low voltage wiring. The regression equation is obtained, which makes it possible to accurately predict the value of the leakage current of the electrical wiring supplying a group of power receivers with motor load.

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Fachrurrazi, Fachrurrazi, and Yulisman Yulisman. "KESALAHAN WIRING PADA APP TERHADAP kWh METER ANALOG ELEKTRIK 1 PHASE PASCABAYAR." Ensiklopedia Research and Community Service Review 1, no. 3 (August 1, 2022): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33559/err.v1i3.1244.

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kWh meter is one of the most important parts in distributing electrical energy. Consists of several components which if one of these components is damaged, it will affect the measurement and calculation of the kWh meter. Therefore, it is necessary to have rules that regulate all matters relating to the kWh meter itself. Starting from the feasibility of the material to the installation of the kWh meter in accordance with the applicable Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). The wiring diagram on a kWh meter is the main point in the success of a kWh meter calculation. Wiring that is not in accordance with the procedure will have a fatal impact on the distribution of electrical energy, both to PLN as a provider of electrical energy, as well as to customers as consumers. Broadly speaking, a single phase is divided into two types of electricity meter models: Analog kWh meters and Electric kWh meters. Each of the kWh meters has a difference in distributing electrical energy. The type of postpaid kWh meter is the research material that the author will pour in writing this thesis. Keywords: kWh meter, Analog, Electric, 1 phase, wiring diagram.

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13

Song, Li Min. "A Research on Modular Training System of Automobile Engine." Advanced Materials Research 774-776 (September 2013): 438–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.774-776.438.

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The multifunctional modular training system for electric-controlled engine, which consists of disassembly and assembly module, wiring module of sensor and actuator and controller, detection module of electric controlling system, can achieve the function of machinery system and electric controlling system disassembly and assembly and engine fault diagnosis and analysis. It can meet the need of making real training and improve research capabilities for the teachers and students in related specialty of vocational colleges.

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Aibinu, Ajibade A., Dharma Dassanayake, Toong-Khuan Chan, and Ram Thangaraj. "Cost estimation for electric light and power elements during building design." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 22, no. 2 (March 16, 2015): 190–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-01-2014-0010.

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Purpose – The study reported in this paper proposed the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) as viable alternative to regression for predicting the cost of building services elements at the early stage of design. The purpose of this paper is to develop, test and validate ANN models for predicting the costs of electrical services components. Design/Methodology/Approach – The research is based on data mining of over 200 building projects in the office of a medium size electrical contractor. Of the over 200 projects examined, 71 usable data were found and used for the ANN modeling. Regression models were also explored using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences Statistics Software 21, for the purpose of comparison with the ANN models. Findings – The findings show that the cost forecasting models based on ANN algorithm are more viable alternative to regression models for predicting the costs of light wiring, power wiring and cable pathways. The ANN prediction errors achieved are 6.4, 4.5 and 4.5 per cent for the three models developed whereas the regression models were insignificant. They did not fit any of the known regression distributions. Practical implications – The validated ANN models were converted to a desktop application (user interface) package – “Intelligent Estimator.” The application is important because it can be used by construction professionals to reliably and quickly forecast the costs of power wiring, light wiring and cable pathways using building variables that are readily available or measurable during design stage, i.e. fully enclosed covered area, unenclosed covered area, internal perimeter length and number of floors. Originality/value – Previous studies have concluded that the methods of estimating the budget for building structure and fabric work are inappropriate for use with mechanical and electrical services. Thus, this study is unique because it applied the ANN modeling technique, for the first time, to cost modeling of electrical services components for building using real world data. The analysis shows that ANN is a better alternative to regression models for predicting cost of services elements because the relationship between cost and the cost drivers are non-linear and distribution types are unknown.

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Barnes, Frank, Howard Wachtel, David Savitz, and Jackson Fuller. "Use of wiring configuration and wiring codes for estimating externally generated electric and magnetic fields." Bioelectromagnetics 10, no. 1 (1989): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250100103.

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Ye, Bo, Zhang Zhou He, Guo Meng Huang, Xue Song He, and Hui Quan Li. "The Study and Design of Electric System for Photovoltaic Generation Mix Charging Station." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 2362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.2362.

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With the development of electric vehicle industry, it is necessary to construct more electric vehicle charging stations to promote the popularization of electric vehicles. As photovoltaic generation owns flexible installing, convenient power supplying, and environmental protecting characteristics, it is suitable for providing power for electric vehicle charging stations and reducing a network loads. After analyzed electric vehicle charging demand, this paper proposed the designing concept of the electric system for the photovoltaic generation mix charging station, which was based on the battery charging and discharging characteristics as well as its usage. Then, the paper provided a selection of electric equipments for the charging station and an electric wiring diagram after designing the electric system. This study and design may help for promoting construction of electric vehicle charging stations, and development and popularization of electric vehicles.

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Lashko, A. H., V. A. Balashov, L. M. Liahovetskyi, and A. K. Yanevych. "Characteristics of broadband access on building electric wiring network." Electronics and Communications 21, no. 1 (October 20, 2016): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2312-1807.2016.21.1.80595.

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SAKAI, Takahiro, and Koichi NAKAMURA. "The fright characteristics of water rocket for electric wiring." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2000.4 (2000): 531–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2000.4.0_531.

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Sike, Wang, Guo Yu, Li Jun, Xia Tian, and Lei Ming. "Gateway Electric Energy Meter Measurement System Based on Independent Load Control." MATEC Web of Conferences 175 (2018): 03030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817503030.

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In order to meet the efficiency and timeliness measurement requirements for electric energy meters with different specifications in gateway energy meter testing laboratory, a new testing system based on multithreading technique is proposed here. Through identifying the different wiring modes of electric meters, integrating with newly designed CT based on zero-flux compensation principle and applying creative multi-channel load control for different tap positions, the system can provide differentiated testing loads for different meters at the same time. Meanwhile, electric energy pulses required by different electric energy meters can be worked out by one standard meter. Consequently, completely independent measurement for different meters will be achieved with improved timeliness substantially. Through simulation tests for different electric energy meters, and comparison for calculated testing time, the initial design purposes are tested and verified.

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Chen, Xu, Xiao Feng Yin, Qi Chang Yang, and Han Lu. "Development of an Automotive Electric Window Control System Based on CAN Bus." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 1240–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.1240.

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An electric window control system based on low-speed CAN bus has been developed to reduce the wiring harness of vehicle control system, improve the system reliability and cut overall costs. On the basis of requirement analysis of the control system, a CAN application layer communication protocol has been defined. The electric window control system has been designed using Freescale 16-bit single chip microprocessor MCS12DP256 as central processing unit, and the control software has also been developed, in which an integral algorithm was used to realize the anti-pinch function.

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Obukoeroro, John, and H. E. Uguru. "Appraisal of electrical wiring and installations status in Isoko area of Delta State, Nigeria." Journal of Physical Science and Environmental Studies 7, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36630/jpses_21001.

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Electricity is the prime mover of every economy; hence there is a need to maintain its generation, distribution and consumption. This study was carried out to appraise the status of electrical wiring in the Isoko area of Delta State, Nigeria. A total of 300 residential buildings, 200 makeshift shops and 100 artisan workshops were sampled and their structures, state of connection, overvoltage protection (cut-out fuse) and earthing were accessed. 100 questionnaires were distributed to electricians involved in electrical wiring and installations in the study area. Results obtained from the questionnaires revealed that only 71% of the residential buildings, 23% of the makeshift shops, and 8% of the artisan workshops made use of electric cables that met the NIS recommendations. For electric cable connections, it was observed that there was a lapse in the connections; mostly in the artisan workshops, as some service cables were not properly tightened to the distribution lines. Only 75% of the residential buildings, 53% of the makeshift shops, and 5% of the artisan workshops had approved rating cut-out fuse. It was observed that in artisan workshops, welding machines were connected directly to the service lines. Furthermore, the results revealed that 42% of the residential buildings, 87% of the makeshift shops and 99% of the artisan’s workshops lacked proper earthing. These results revealed electrical risks in many makeshift shops and artisan workshops and the need for the relevant authorities to act fast to minimize power outrage and prevent electrical tragedies in the study area. Keywords: Artisan, electrical wiring, energy theft, makeshift shops, residential buildings

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Schumann, A. "Cooling device for electric vehicle battery charger and wiring converter." Journal of Power Sources 70, no. 1 (January 30, 1998): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-7753(97)84061-x.

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Christou, I., A. Nelms, M. Husband, and I. Cotton. "Choice of optimal voltage for more electric aircraft wiring systems." IET Electrical Systems in Transportation 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-est.2010.0021.

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Kosmodamianskiy, Andrey Sergeevich, Vladimir Ivanovich Vorobyev, Oleg Vasilyevich Izmerov, Alexander Anatolyevich Pugachev, Vadim Olegovich Korchagin, and Evgeniy Vladimirovich Nikolaev. "Classification of magnetic adhesion boosters and search for new decisions for traction drive." Transport of the Urals, no. 2 (2022): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/1815-9400-2022-2-50-58.

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The paper is devoted to search for new decisions for locomotive traction drive with a magnetic adhesion booster (MAB). In result of the analysis the authors have established that an optimal design for MABs that should increase axle load (magnetic boosters) and for MABs that should control an adhesion coefficient will differ. They have proposed a new classification that considers separation on magnetic boosters and devices for inertialess control of the adhesion coefficient and that covers new designs patented by the authors. It is established that a design of the MAB with inductor wiring located around a wheelset axle to the greatest extent complies requirements that are imposed to assemblies of locomotive underframe. The authors have suggested new designs for a traction drive with an arc-type-stator inductor electric motor that provides a possibility to place wiring of the MAB on a wheelset axle at a diameter of a wheel equal to 1050 mm, at rigid and elastic mounting of an electric traction motor and the MAB on a wheelset axle. The decisions proposed are protected by two patents, seven patents for utility models. Moreover, the authors have submitted an application for one patent.

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Berend, Danker. "Dipoles, unintentional antennas and EMC." Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering 5, no. 1 (2008): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sjee0801031b.

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Radiated emissions from equipment commonly originate from electronic circuits that act as electric dipoles created by the signal voltage between the signal conductors or as magnetic dipoles formed by the signal current flowing in a loop. Direct emission is mostly small, but circuits often couple to long conductors or large wiring loops which act as antennas and are efficient radiators. A comparable situation exists when short dipole antennas or small wiring loops receive ambient noise (susceptibility). Usually the amplitude of noise sources or the susceptibility of circuits is an invariable. The dipole strength increases with the distance between the conductors and the area. Shielding and proper grounding decreases the interaction via unintentional antennas. Short-circuiting and the insertion of lossy ferrite cores reduce the efficiency of unintentional antennas.

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Li, Gang, and X. L. Zhu. "A Kind of Adjustable Electric Heating Pipe Power Electrode Preparation Equipment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 492 (January 2014): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.492.71.

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In order to solve a kind of electric heating pipe electrode production and power adjustable, designed a kind of adjustable power of electric heating pipe electrode preparation equipment.The equipment is mainly used to test technology, PLC control technology and coating technology.First, selected on the basis of the PLC,the mechanism design, design the hardware control circuit, finally a port of the PLC wiring design.The results show that compared with the traditional production compared to heat pipe machine, the device not only high production efficiency and quality index, but also can produce many kinds of products[1].

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Madhu, M. C., K. Badari Narayana, and J. Krishna Kishore. "Hybrid DC-AC homes with roof top solar power." E3S Web of Conferences 239 (2021): 00017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123900017.

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The paper investigates the feasibility of a hybrid DC-AC home with roof top solar power. In recent times, roof top solar power has become popular for residential homes. Generally, the power obtained from roof-top solar panels is converted to AC with a power control unit and routed to the existing wiring network of the houses designed essentially to support the Electric Utilities which deliver AC power. Solar power with DC bus routing power to various sub-units and Brushless DC (BLDC) motor-based systems have been successfully flown in satellites for decades. The study presents the possibility of having a dedicated DC bus (24V / 48V) in the home connected directly to roof-top solar panels along with the traditional wiring network to support AC power (220-230V) from Electric Utilities. The recent success of the BLDC based home appliances further highlights the potential. This will also help to benefit from higher efficiency due to BLDC and avoid the conversion losses as home appliances that can run on DC power are presently available. It is now possible to have an independent local Roof Top solar power-based DC home-grid to support lighting circuit and home-appliances that operate on DC power. The existing wiring network for AC can continue to support high power equipment like motors, boilers, washing machines etc., It will also simplify the power control unit as the traditional inverter portion is avoided. Thus, the proposed hybrid DC-AC home needs be viewed in terms of an overall green approach which will be a paradigm shift for energy efficiency and lower carbon footprint. It has the potential to boost the sale of DC home appliances.

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Madhu, M. C., K. Badari Narayana, and J. Krishna Kishore. "Hybrid DC-AC homes with roof top solar power." E3S Web of Conferences 239 (2021): 00025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123900025.

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The paper investigates the feasibility of a hybrid DC-AC home with roof top solar power. In recent times, roof top solar power has become popular for residential homes. Generally, the power obtained from roof-top solar panels is converted to AC with a power control unit and routed to the existing wiring network of the houses designed essentially to support the Electric Utilities which deliver AC power. Solar power with DC bus routing power to various sub-units and Brushless DC (BLDC) motor-based systems have been successfully flown in satellites for decades. The study presents the possibility of having a dedicated DC bus (24V / 48V) in the home connected directly to roof-top solar panels along with the traditional wiring network to support AC power (220-230V) from Electric Utilities. The recent success of the BLDC based home appliances further highlights the potential. This will also help to benefit from higher efficiency due to BLDC and avoid the conversion losses as home appliances that can run on DC power are presently available. It is now possible to have an independent local Roof Top solar power-based DC home-grid to support lighting circuit and homeappliances that operate on DC power. The existing wiring network for AC can continue to support high power equipment like motors, boilers, washing machines etc., It will also simplify the power control unit as the traditional inverter portion is avoided. Thus, the proposed hybrid DC-AC home needs be viewed in terms of an overall green approach which will be a paradigm shift for energy efficiency and lower carbon footprint. It has the potential to boost the sale of DC home appliances.

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Riba, Jordi-Roger, Manuel Moreno-Eguilaz, Tamerlan Ibrayemov, and Maxence Boizieau. "Surface Discharges Performance of ETFE- and PTFE-Insulated Wires for Aircraft Applications." Materials 15, no. 5 (February 23, 2022): 1677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051677.

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Compared to their predecessors, the next generations of aircrafts will be more electrified, require more electrical power and operate at higher voltage levels to meet strict weight and volume constraints. The combined effect of low-pressure environments, increased voltage levels and compact designs intensifies the risks of premature insulation degradation due to electrical discharge activity. This paper studies the resistance to surface discharges of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene), two insulation materials widely used in today’s aircraft wiring systems due to their outstanding properties, such as a wide temperature operation range and a high dielectric strength. The study is carried out in a low-pressure chamber, which was pressurized within the pressure range of 10–100 kPa that includes most aircraft applications. There is a compelling need for experimental data to assess the resistance of insulation materials to surface discharges at a very early stage as a function of the environmental pressure. Data on resistance to surface discharges in low-pressure environments for aeronautical applications are lacking, while most standards for insulation systems are based on tests under standard pressure conditions. The results provided in this work can be useful to design wiring systems for future more electric aircrafts, as well as to design fault detection systems for an early detection and identification of faults related to surface discharges. Therefore, the data and analysis included in this paper could be of great interest to design and develop insulation systems for wiring systems and standard assessment methods, as well as to design fault detection strategies for the early detection and identification of surface discharges for future generations of more electric aircrafts.

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Bao, Li Zhu, Jia Yan Yu, Yu Wu, Hao Wu, Zhi Jun Tang, and Jun Cheng Wang. "Research on Secondary Cable Identification Based on the Principle of Electromagnetic Induction." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2108, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2108/1/012032.

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Abstract When the operation and maintenance station performs cable maintenance, installation measures, etc., due to the lack of direct and effective tools, and the complicated wiring of the operation and maintenance station equipment, the wiring diagram is inconsistent with the actual situation, which brings risks to the removal of waste cables. As an indispensable safety tool in the power industry, the cable identification device is an important means to ensure the safety of maintenance personnel. In view of the current situation, this paper analyzes the electric field around the cable line of the operation and maintenance station, and simplifies the simulation of the line, and proposes a secondary cable identification device based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, which can quickly identify the target cable, which greatly improves the cable identification performance. Efficiency reduces the time for cable identification and improves safety.

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Fang, Xinyu, Ning Wang, and Thomas Gulliver. "A PLC Channel Model for Home Area Networks." Energies 11, no. 12 (November 30, 2018): 3344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123344.

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Smart meters (SMs) are key components of the smart grid (SG) which gather electricity usage data from residences and businesses. Home area networks (HANs) are used to support two-way communications between SMs and devices within a building such as appliances. This can be implemented using power line communications (PLCs) via home wiring topologies. In this paper, a bottom-up approach is designed and a HAN-PLC channel model is obtained for a split-phase power system which includes branch circuits, an electric panel with circuit breakers and bars, a secondary transformer and the wiring of neighboring residences. A cell division (CD) method is proposed to construct the channel model. Furthermore, arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) and ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) circuit breaker models are developed. Several HAN-PLC channels are presented and compared with those obtained using existing models.

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Endo, Akito, Hiroki Tsuda, and Jun Akedo. "Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser Assisted Ink-Jet Printing for Fine Ag Wiring." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, CICMT (September 1, 2012): 000067–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-2012-ta24.

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High throughput fine electrical wiring on the non flat surface is desired for the integration between LSI chips and micro electric components such as MEMS chips, micro actuator devices and micro optical devise in the wide frequency range. Ink-jet printing method is one of the good candidates as a direct writing method on the non flat substrate. However, by conventional ink-jet printing, it is very difficult to realize the fine wiring pattern less than 30μm in these practical conditions. We develop a newly ink-jet printing system assisted by YAG laser to reduce the pattern width and to increase the large transmittance current at high frequency range. At first, we investigated heating effect of a substrate by normal heater for a patterned dot size at the Ag ink droplet diameter of 45μm. As results, a dot diameter decreased from 178μm to 74μm according to increase the substrate temperature from 22 C° to 100 C° . Next the Si substrate was heated by the YAG laser irradiation with consideration of the above experimental results. The Ag wiring was drawn on the Si substrate using a 35μm diameter droplet by an ink-jet system. Therefore the line width was decreased with about 200μm to about 40μm and at the scanning speed 3 mm/s. The wiring width was determined by the balance between the heat supplements by laser irradiation and the volume of ink droplet. In this presentation, electrical properties of ink-jet patterned Ag line with laser irradiation will be reported.

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MATSUDA, Kazuhiro, Kazuhiko KASAI, and Tetsuya NAKAMURA. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PASSIVELY-CONTROLLED HANGED CABLE RACK FOR ELECTRIC WIRING." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 24, no. 56 (2018): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.63.

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TAKANO, Nozomu. "Trends of Inspection & Reliability Technologies. Printed Wiring Board's Electric Reliabilities." Journal of Japan Institute of Electronics Packaging 2, no. 4 (1999): 275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5104/jiep.2.275.

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Scheidhammer, Georg, Robert Saller, and Oliver Druhm. "A Look at Future Wiring Harness System Configurations in Electric Vehicles." ATZelektronik worldwide 10, no. 4 (August 2015): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38314-015-0538-5.

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Salunkhe, Himmat, Rupesh Shelke, and Abhay Khalatkar. "Review of Rotating System for Closing Die of Steel Wires Stranding Machine." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2763, no. 1 (May 1, 2024): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2763/1/012019.

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Abstract The stranding machine utilized for armouring of all electric cables, electric wiring, mechanical motion control cables, clutch wire, wire ropes and structural components or communication cable. It uses for shielding on a cable, tube or liner. This machine is used in industrial apparatus in producing of electric wire and electric cable. It’s a device to manufacturing of mechanical motion control cables, clutch wire and wire ropes. In this paper, we review the development of rotating system for closing die of the stranding machine. We have investigated the problems solutions like undesired tube is rotation so inner jam problem, tube twist problem, poor surface finish and poor stranding quality so the methods of the current machine to be adopted to resolve the problem. The study result into elimination of inner jamming and twisting of tube which Improve the in quality and surface finish of cable and reduce wastages orlosses.

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Puchalski, Andrzej, and Iwona Komorska. "Online Fault Diagnosis of Automotive Powernets by Kalman Filtering." Key Engineering Materials 588 (October 2013): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.588.209.

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The paper discusses real-time parameters identification methods of the mechatronics subsystems in the automobile for the on-board diagnostics and adaptive control. In particular, the significant increase in electric power consumption requires predictive management strategy that detects critical loads situations. To accomplish these goals we investigated diverse vehicular powernet circuits and devices. This paper presents the results of the extended Kalman filtering algorithm for the parameters estimation of the wiring harness of a cooling fan system.

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Liu, Xu Sheng, Li Ming Gao, and Zeng Chao Wang. "Research and Development of Graphical Transient Calculation System for VFTO Studies in Gas Insulated Substation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 1801–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.1801.

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On the basis of object oriented program (OOP) technology a method for developing transient calculation system for Gas Insulated Substation (GIS) is presented in this paper. The system is based on the graphical interfaces, and graphical component is designed according to electric main wiring diagram for primary system and is automatically converted to transient simulation model for satisfying the demand of field operating personnel.In this paper design principle and functions are described, and the calculation result is testified by the experiment at last.

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Miura, Masakazu, Masami Fukuma, Masumi Fukuma, and Satoru Kishida. "Influence of Thermal Degradation on the Electric Conduction and Electric Breakdown Characteristics of PVC for Electrical Wiring." Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology 17, no. 2 (2012): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3408/jafst.17.53.

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Benjeddou, Ayech. "Piezoelectricity Experimentation, Modeling and Simulation: Common Practices and Realistic Considerations." Advances in Science and Technology 56 (September 2008): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.56.22.

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This work discusses common practices and realistic considerations for piezoelectricity experimentation, modeling and simulation. It starts with highlighting some experimental considerations regarding the initial poling directions when bonding co-localized piezoceramic patches and their electric connections (or wiring) in order to have non nil current or voltage output. Next, the most used practical (engineering) modeling approaches, such as the thermal analogy and the strain induced potential (or field) approaches are discussed. Focus is made on their limitations and possible new solutions. Then, key features are presented to reach realistic simulations of piezoelectric free-vibration analyses under open-circuit electric boundary conditions, electrodes equipotentiality and electromechanical updating. Finally some concluding remarks regarding commonly chosen validation or/and benchmark examples are given for better modeling practices.

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Badarudin, R., D. Hariyanto, M. Ali, and S. Meunmany. "Electric Machines Virtual Laboratory: Testing of DC Motor." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2111, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2111/1/012041.

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Abstract This article describes the realization of testing the characteristics of a DC motor on Simulink as a virtual laboratory. Testing of DC motors based on real conditions in a physical laboratory by combining two DC machines coupled to shafts including DC motors and DC generators. The types of DC motors tested include separately excited DC motors, shunt DC motors, and series DC motors. The implementation of the Simulink model adopts the wiring diagram in the real test. The test procedure is also adopted on the real test procedure. The data from the test results are made in DC motor characteristics graph. Virtual laboratory using Simulink can be used to realize DC motor testing, including test procedures, running no-load DC motors, increasing the load of DC motors with infinitely simulation features on Simulink. The results of the study show the characteristics of the experimental data for all types of DC motors tested according to the theory.

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Lim, Ji-Seon, Jeong-Hun Lee, Hyo-Jeong Lee, and Joo-Ran Na. "High Voltage Wiring System Evaluation Methode of FCEV (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle)." Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society 23, no. 4 (August 31, 2012): 330–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7316/khnes.2012.23.4.330.

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Rau, Markus. "Operating Safety for The 48 V Wiring System Electric Arc Under Control." ATZelektronik worldwide 9, no. 1 (February 2014): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s38314-014-0222-1.

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Li, Jian, and J. W. Mayer. "Refractory Metal Nitride Encapsulation for Copper Wiring." MRS Bulletin 18, no. 6 (June 1993): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400047333.

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Recent interest in copper-based metallization for ultra fast logic devices has stimulated extensive studies on thermal stability issues, as well as the search for novel deposition and etching processes. In copper wiring technology, thermal stability problems include: (1) rapid diffusion of copper into dielectric substrates, (2) low-temperature reaction with most near-noble metals and their silicides, (3) the susceptibility of copper to oxidation, (4) poor adhesion characteristics of copper on most dielectric materials, and (5) thermal-stress-induced void formation and cracking. The basic issues have been summarized in a recent review.When copper is in contact with a silicon substrate, copper can diffuse into active regions of devices where it becomes a recombination-generation center. In addition, copper forms the silicide Cu3Si by reacting with the substrate at temperatures less than 200°C. After the formation of the Cu3Si phase, the underlying silicon in the Cu3Si/Si structure is readily oxidized even at room temperature. In the case of copper in contact with silicon dioxide under bias thermal stress (BTS), copper is found at the SiO2/Si interface under a positive electric field. Copper diffusion in doped glass, e.g., phosphosilicate glass and silicon nitride films, is a factor at temperatures below 400°C.

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Toba, Masaya, Shuji Nomoto, Nobuhito Komuro, Kazuyuki Mitsukura, Shinichiro Abe, Takashi Masuko, and Kazuhiko Kurafuchi. "Semi-additive Process Based Cu Wirings with Ultra Smooth Electroless Cu Seed Layer and Important Factor for High Frequency Transmission Property." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2019, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 000409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2380-4505-2019.1.000409.

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Abstract Semiconductor packages for high performance devices with printed circuit boards having multi wiring layers such as FC-BGA have been attracting the attention in order to realize ultra-reliable and low latency communications in 5G networking. Cu wirings for the package are usually fabricated by via formation by laser for dielectric, desmear, electroless Cu seed formation, photoresist patterning, electrolytic Cu plating, resist stripping and seed layer etching. Though a desmear process can obtain enough adhesion between dielectric and Cu seed layer by anchoring effect to secure reliabilities, the interface between dielectric and Cu seed layer should be smooth to achieve low attenuation of electric signals at high frequencies. Here, instead of a desmear process, we applied an UV modification for the surface of dielectric in order to realize a smooth and high adhesive seed layer against dielectric. We obtained 0.8 kN/m of peel strength between dielectric and Cu seed layer in spite of surface roughness (Ra) of dielectric was 45 nm by nano-level anchoring effect at UV modified layer. Due to the smooth interface by UV modification, S21 value of microstrip line was 26 % improved compared to that assembled through desmear process at 60 GHz.

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Haas, Peter, Milan Kadnár, Juraj Rusnák, František Tóth, and Dušan Nógli. "Influence of RC Element Wiring in Electrical Circuit on Electromechanical Thermostat Contact Wear." Acta Technologica Agriculturae 19, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ata-2016-0014.

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Abstract Contact wear caused by electric arc during electric contact make (cut-in) and break (cut-out) has the direct impact on the contact lifetime. The RC element wired parallelly to the contact will eliminate or reduce the arcing and subsequently extend the lifetime. Comparative tests of the two sets of identical Danfoss 077B electromechanical thermostats have been carried out. In the first batch, standard thermostats were tested. In the second batch, the same thermostat types, but with RC elements wired parallel to thermostats main contacts were tested. Measurement has not proven any improvement of the contact wear. Temperature drift and change of the critical dimension caused by contact wear were very similar in the both cases. Thus, the application of RC element is considered not reasonable measure for reduction of contact wear of electromechanical thermostats.

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Liu, Xi You, and Hong Ying Wang. "Design of Power Meter Reading Circuit Based on CC2430 and RS485 Bus." Applied Mechanics and Materials 608-609 (October 2014): 494–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.608-609.494.

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The article analyze current situation of the electric meter reading system, and given circuit of the remote automatic meter reading based on single-chip system model, and introduced in detail the key part of data acquisition, data concentrator and the monitoring center software, hardware implementation. The wiring complexity of the project has been reduced by using the technology of RS485 communication for data transmission, which has been improved the reliability of data communication system, and reduced power consumption. The results show that the terminal is normal and reliable.

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Chen, Zhiru, Xi Zhao, Zhi Zhang, and Zhen Jing. "Design and engineering application of a new type of copper bar-embedded metering box based on DFA theory." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2636, no. 1 (November 1, 2023): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2636/1/012008.

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Abstract Based on the design theory that products can be assembled, the optimal design of the electric energy metering box in the embedded copper bar and other aspects is realized, the product wiring is standardized and concealed, the assembly method is optimized, the assembly difficulty is greatly reduced, several problems in cost and quality are solved in industrial design, and objective score data from experts are obtained through perceptual experiments. It provides a new design method and evaluation idea for the field of power measurement and has great popularization value.

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Wang, Tian Hao, Yin Han Gao, Kai Yu Yang, Jun Dong Zhang, Le Gao, and Yu Jin. "The Research of the Electric Vehicle Wiring Harness Dynamic Crosstalk Based on Statistical Simulation Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 1852–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.1852.

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In the actual situation, because of the shock of automobile in the movement process and the wire harness in undulating tube placement is random, leading to the relative position of the wire harness is not fixed, Thus lead to crosstalk value has certain dynamic range. In this paper, obtained the unit mutual inductance and mutual capacitance of wire with insulation layer using mirror image method, simulation and prediction of crosstalk dynamic interval by statistical simulation method, obtain harness near end crosstalk changes range within 3dB at a confidence level of 80%. This provides a reference for EMC design of automotive wiring harness.

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Miura, Masakazu, Masami Fukuma, Masumi Fukuma, and Satoru Kishida. "Erratum: Influence of Thermal Degradation on the Electric Conduction and Electric Breakdown Characteristics of PVC for Electrical Wiring." Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology 18, no. 1 (2013): E1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3408/jafst.18.e1.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Electric wiring'

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