Journal articles: 'Electrical machine design and optimization'

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Müller, Samuel, David Maier, and Nejila Parspour. "Inductive Electrically Excited Synchronous Machine for Electrical Vehicles—Design, Optimization and Measurement." Energies 16, no. 4 (February 7, 2023): 1657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16041657.

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The demand for electric machines has been rising steadily for several years—mainly due to the move away from the combustion engine. Synchronous motors with rare earth permanent magnets are widely used due to their high power densities. These magnets are cost-intensive, cost-sensitive and often environmentally harmful. In addition to dispensing with permanent magnets, electrically excited synchronous machines offer the advantage of an adjustable excitation and, thus, a higher efficiency in the partial load range in field weakening operation. Field weakening operation is relevant for the application of vehicle traction drive. The challenge of this machine type is the need for an electrical power transfer system, usually achieved with slip rings. Slip rings wear out, generate dust and are limited in power density and maximum speed due to vibrations. This article addresses an electrically excited synchronous machine with a wireless power transfer onto the rotor. From the outset, the machine is designed with a wireless power transfer system for use in a medium-sized electric vehicle. As an example, the requirements are derived from the BMW’s i3. The wireless power transfer system is integrated into the hollow shaft of the rotor. Unused space is thus utilized. The overall system is optimized for high efficiency, especially for partial load at medium speed, with an operation point-depending optimization method. The results are compared with the reference permanent magnet excited machine. A prototype of the machine is built and measured on the test bench. The measured efficiency of the inductive electrically excited synchronous machine is up to 4% higher than that of the reference machine of the BMW i3.

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Nell, Martin, Alexander Kubin, and Kay Hameyer. "Multi-Stage Optimization of Induction Machines Using Methods for Model and Parameter Selection." Energies 14, no. 17 (September 4, 2021): 5537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175537.

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Optimization methods are increasingly used for the design process of electrical machines. The quality of the optimization result and the necessary simulation effort depend on the optimization methods, machine models and optimization parameters used. This paper presents a multi-stage optimization environment for the design optimization of induction machines. It uses the strategies of simulated annealing, evolution strategy and pattern search. Artificial neural networks are used to reduce the solution effort of the optimization. The selection of the electromagnetic machine model is made in each optimization stage using a methodical model selection approach. The selection of the optimization parameters is realized by a methodical parameter selection approach. The optimization environment is applied on the basis of an optimization for the design of an electric traction machine using the example of an induction machine and its suitability for the design of a machine is verified by a comparison with a reference machine.

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Torres, Jorge, Pablo Moreno-Torres, Gustavo Navarro, Marcos Blanco, Jorge Nájera, Miguel Santos-Herran, and Marcos Lafoz. "Asymmetrical Rotor Skewing Optimization in Switched Reluctance Machines Using Differential Evolutionary Algorithm." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 29, 2021): 3194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113194.

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Minimizing torque ripple in electrical machines for a given application is not a straightforward task, especially when the application imposes certain constraints. There are many techniques to improve torque ripple, either design-based or control-based. In this paper, a new geometry for switched reluctance machines based on rotor poles skewing is proposed to minimize torque ripple. This paper describes a methodology to design an asymmetrical skew rotor—switched reluctance machine using a multi-objective differential evolutionary algorithm. The main parameters of the optimization process are defined, as is the optimization methodology to obtain an improved design with less torque ripple than a conventional one. Moreover, the analytical formulas used in the optimization method, as well as the optimization technique, are deduced and explained in detail. The mathematical model used to simulate the electrical machine and the power converter are also described. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element analyses were also conducted to assess whether 3D effects (end-effect and axial fringing field) affected the results. Finally, a particular case of a high-voltage direct current-controlled generator in the base of the More Electric Aircraft (MEA) concept or an energy storage system as an electrical machine was analyzed, and the results for the improved configuration were compared with those for the conventional one.

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Pham, Thang, Patrick Kwon, and Shanelle Foster. "Additive Manufacturing and Topology Optimization of Magnetic Materials for Electrical Machines—A Review." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 6, 2021): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020283.

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Additive manufacturing has many advantages over traditional manufacturing methods and has been increasingly used in medical, aerospace, and automotive applications. The flexibility of additive manufacturing technologies to fabricate complex geometries from copper, polymer, and ferrous materials presents unique opportunities for new design concepts and improved machine power density without significantly increasing production and prototyping cost. Topology optimization investigates the optimal distribution of single or multiple materials within a defined design space, and can lead to unique geometries not realizable with conventional optimization techniques. As an enabling technology, additive manufacturing provides an opportunity for machine designers to overcome the current manufacturing limitation that inhibit adoption of topology optimization. Successful integration of additive manufacturing and topology optimization for fabricating magnetic components for electrical machines can enable new tools for electrical machine designers. This article presents a comprehensive review of the latest achievements in the application of additive manufacturing, topology optimization, and their integration for electrical machines and their magnetic components.

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Zaaraoui, Lassaad, and Ali Mansouri. "Optimization and finite element analysis of an in-wheel permanent magnet motor." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 17, no. 1 (February 27, 2021): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v17n1.1981.

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Nowadays, artificial intelligence techniques have become widely used in electrical machines optimization and design. In this attempt, different methods have been proposed. The present work is devoted to the electromagnetic analysis and design of an in-wheel radial flux outer rotor surface mounted permanent magnet motor (SMPM) for electric vehicle application. Two based-Swarm Particle Optimization (PSO) techniques, namely, the improved PSO multi-Objective optimization and the Speed-constrained Multi-objective PSO Optimization, are applied. The main idea of the current optimization procedure is to determine the optimal machine sizing parameters providing the maximum of efficiency with the minimum of weight. To reach this goal, two objective functions are employed the efficiency maximization and the weight minimization. A preliminary analytical model describing the magnetic and electrical machine features was presented. In order to find the optimum design, the optimization results are discussed and analyzed. In addition, the electromagnetic performances of the found optimum design were studied by means of finite element analysis (FEA) and compared with those obtained by the optimization procedure.

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Lu, Meng, Gabriel Domingues-Olavarría, Francisco J. Márquez-Fernández, Pontus Fyhr, and Mats Alaküla. "Electric Drivetrain Optimization for a Commercial Fleet with Different Degrees of Electrical Machine Commonality." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 21, 2021): 2989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14112989.

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At present, the prevalence of electric vehicles is increasing continuously. In particular, there are promising applications for commercial vehicles transferring from conventional to full electric, due to lower operating costs and stricter emission regulations. Thus, cost analysis from the fleet perspective becomes important. The study of cost competitiveness of different drivetrain designs is necessary to evaluate the fleet cost variance for different degrees of electrical machine commonality. This paper presents a methodology to find a preliminary powertrain design that minimizes the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for an entire fleet of electric commercial vehicles while fulfilling the performance requirements of each vehicle type. This methodology is based on scalable electric machine models, and particle swarm is used as the main optimization algorithm. The results show that the total cost penalty incurred when sharing the same electrical machine is small, therefore, there is a cost saving potential in higher degrees of electrical machine commonality.

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Shaitor, Nikolay, Michal Kelemen, and Boris Yakimovich. "Analysis and Synthesis in the Design of Magnetic Switching Electric Machines." Actuators 10, no. 7 (July 16, 2021): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act10070164.

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A systematic approach to the design of electrical machines is implemented by solving problems of analysis and synthesis in various combinations at different stages and stages of design. The questions of the formulation and implementation of synthesis and analysis problems in the study and design of modular-type magnetically commutated electrical machines are considered. They are aimed at reducing weight, size and cost while improving the performance of these newly designed machines. A complex method of parametric synthesis and an automated program containing a calculated mathematical model of an electric machine has been developed. On the basis of numerical full factorial experiments, the optimization parameter is determined, and a regression analysis is performed with the construction of an optimization model. It allows you to find a narrow range of variation of significant factors, at which the optimization parameter satisfies the specified conditions. On the example of studying an inductor generator of axial-radial configuration, new approaches to the formulation and solution of typical problems of analysis and synthesis of modular-type electrical machines are shown. The use of complex parametric synthesis makes it possible to significantly reduce the masses of the designed modular machines in comparison with drum-type inductor machines of the same power.

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Zhao, Yao, Chuanyang Lu, Dongdong Li, Xing Zhao, and Fan Yang. "Overview of the Optimal Design of the Electrically Excited Doubly Salient Variable Reluctance Machine." Energies 15, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010228.

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The Electrically Excited Doubly Salient Variable Reluctance Machine (EEDSVRM) is a new type of brushless machine designed according to the principle of air gap reluctance change. There is neither permanent magnet steel nor excitation winding on the rotor. The rotor is made of silicon steel sheets, thus the structure of the variable reluctance machine is very simple. There are many optimization methods for this type of machine optimal design, such as novel machine topology optimization, finite element simulation-based optimization, mathematical analysis-based optimization, intelligent algorithm-based optimization, and multiple fusion-based optimization. Firstly, this article introduces the basic structure and working principle of the EEDSVRM and analyzes both its common regularity and individual difference. Then, the different optimization design methods of EEDSVRM are reviewed, the advantages and disadvantages of the different optimization methods are summarized, and the research interests of the optimization design of variable reluctance machines in the future are prospected.

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Fodorean, Daniel, and Lorand Szabo. "Study of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Topologies for Electric Scooter Application." Advanced Engineering Forum 8-9 (June 2013): 397–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.8-9.397.

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The paper deals with the study of the motorization for an electric scooter. The motivation of this study is firstly introduced. Next, the application is defined: it is intended to propose a pure electrical traction system for a light electric vehicle, meaning an electric scooter). A short description of the design will introduce the main parameters of the electrical drive system and three topologies of electrical machine will be evaluated. The optimization of the best suited variant will be made based on a gradient type optimization algorithm. Numerical computation, by means of finite element method, will confirm the analytical obtained results, emphasizing the main achievements, performances and drawbacks of the electrical traction system. These performances are evaluated on test bench for validation.

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Shuraiji, Ahlam Luaibi, and M. M. J. Al-ani. "Design and optimization of HTS flux-switching permanent magnet machine." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 1751. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i4.pp1751-1757.

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<p>Flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machine with high temperature superconductors (HTS) bulks located between the rotor poles to eliminate the flux leakage in the rotor, termed as (HTS-FSPM) machine has been proposed in this paper. Using genetic algorithm, the HTS and the conventional FSPM machines having the same size constraints and load conditions have been globally optimized for max. aveage torque. To highlight the advantages of the HTS-FSPM machine, a performance comparison between the conventional and HTS-FSPM machines has been presented. It is found that the HTS-FSPM machine can increase the torque by 27%, however, this comes with the expense of higher torque ripple and power losses. </p>

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Li, Min, Mohammad Hossain Mohammadi, Tanvir Rahman, and David Lowther. "Analysis and design of electrical machines with material uncertainties in iron and permanent magnet." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 36, no. 5 (September 4, 2017): 1326–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-02-2017-0110.

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Purpose Manufacturing processes, such as laminations, may introduce uncertainties in the magnetic properties of materials used in electrical machines. This issue, together with magnetization errors, can cause serious deterioration in the performance of the machines. Hence, stochastic material models are required for the study of the influences of the material uncertainties. The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology to study the impact of magnetization pattern uncertainties in permanent magnet electric machines. Design/methodology/approach The impacts of material uncertainties on the performances of an interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine were analyzed using two different robustness metrics (worst-case analysis and statistical study). In addition, two different robust design formulations were applied to robust multi-objective machine design problems. Findings The computational analyses show that material uncertainties may result in deviations of the machine performances and cause nominal solutions to become non-robust. Originality/value In this paper, the authors present stochastic models for the quantification of uncertainties in both ferromagnetic and permanent magnet materials. A robust multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is demonstrated and successfully applied to the robust design optimization of an IPM machine considering manufacturing errors and operational condition changes.

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Belahcen, Anouar, Floran Martin, Mohammed El-Hadi Zaim, Emad Dlala, and Zlatko Kolondzovski. "Combined FE and Particle Swarm algorithm for optimization of high speed PM synchronous machine." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 34, no. 2 (March 2, 2015): 475–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-07-2014-0168.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to optimize the stator slot geometry of a high-speed electrical machine, which is used as an assist for a turbocharger. Meanwhile, the suitability of the Particle Swarm algorithm for such a problem is to be tested. Design/methodology/approach – The starting point of the optimization is an existing design, for which the Particle Swarm algorithm is applied in conjunction with the transient time-stepping 2D finite element method. Findings – It is found that regardless of its stochastic nature, the Particle Swarm work well for the optimization of electrical machines. The optimized design resulted in an increase of the slot area and increase of the iron loss, which was compensated by a dramatic decrease in the Joule losses. Research limitations/implications – The optimization was concentrated on the stator design whereas the rotor dimensioning was carried out withing the compressor and turbine design. Originality/value – A turbocharger with electric assist is designed optimized and manufactured. The Particle Swarm algorithm is shown to be very stable.

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Nguyen-Xuan, Hoa, Hussein Dogan, Sylvain Perez, Laurent Gerbaud, Lauric Garbuio, and Frederic Wurtz. "Efficient Reluctance Network Formulation for Electrical Machine Design Using Optimization." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 50, no. 2 (February 2014): 869–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2013.2282407.

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Bramerdorfer, Gerd, Juan A. Tapia, Juha J. Pyrhonen, and Andrea Cavagnino. "Modern Electrical Machine Design Optimization: Techniques, Trends, and Best Practices." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 65, no. 10 (October 2018): 7672–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2801805.

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Vuddanti, Sandeep, Vinod Karknalli, and Surender Reddy Salkuti. "Design and comparative analysis of three phase, four phase and six phase switched reluctance motor topologies for electrical vehicle propulsion." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 10, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 1495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v10i3.3054.

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Switched reluctance motor (SRM) is attracting the scientific community in recent days because of its special structural benefits. Good research work has been conducted on this machine since the ages. It has evolved as an alternative to the conventional electrical machines in variable speed drives due to rugged architecture, high-speed operation, four quadrants, lack of magnet, and adaptability to harsh surroundings. This paper reviews different topologies of SRM for electric vehicle (EV) application and a comparative study of suitable machines for electric vehicle propulsion. This paper elaborates on the design methodology and the analysis of various phases of operation of SRMs. During the design procedure, the finite element method (FEM) of optimization is used to enhance motor performance. In this study, the three different phase (3, 4 6) motors are analyzed in machine design software and finite element analysis outcomes and SRM simulation approach are discussed.

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Cisse, Koua Malick, Sami Hlioui, Mhamed Belhadi, Guillaume Mermaz Rollet, Mohamed Gabsi, and Yuan Cheng. "Design Optimization of Multi-Layer Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines for Electric Vehicle Applications." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 1, 2021): 7116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217116.

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This paper presents a comparison between two design methodologies applied to permanent magnet synchronous machines for hybrid and electric vehicles (HEVs and EVs). Both methodologies are based on 2D finite element models and coupled to a genetic algorithm to optimize complex non-linear geometries such as multi-layer permanent magnet machines. To reduce the computation duration to evaluate Induced Voltage and Iron Losses for a given electrical machine configuration, a new methodology based on geometrical symmetries and magnetic symmetries are used and is detailed. Two electromagnetic models have been developed and used in the design stage. The first model was the stepped rotor position finite element analysis called abc model which considered the spatial harmonics without any approximation of the waveform of flux linkage inside the stator, and the second model was based on a fixed rotor position called dq model, with the approximation that the waveform of flux linkage inside the stator was sinuous. These two methodologies are applied to the design of a synchronous machine for HEVs and EVs applications. Design results and performances are analyzed, and the advantages and drawbacks of each methodology are presented. It was found that the dq model is at least 5 times faster than the abc model with high precision for both the torque and induce voltage evaluation in most cases. However, it is not the case for the iron losses computation. The iron loss model based on dq model is less accurate than the abc model with a relative deviation from the abc model greater than 70% at high control angle. The choice of the electromagnetic model during the optimization process will therefore influence the geometry and the performances of the obtained electrical machine after the optimization.

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Dietz, Armin, Antonino Oscar Di Tommaso, Fabrizio Marignetti, Rosario Miceli, and Claudio Nevoloso. "Enhanced Flexible Algorithm for the Optimization of Slot Filling Factors in Electrical Machines." Energies 13, no. 5 (February 26, 2020): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13051041.

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The continuous development in the field of industrial automation and electric mobility has led to the need for more efficient electrical machines with a high power density. The improvement of electrical machines’ slot filling factors is one of the measures to satisfy these requirements. In recent years, this topic has aroused greater interest in the industrial sector, since the evolution of the winding technological manufacturing processes allows an economically sustainable realization of ordered winding arrangements, rather than random ones. Moreover, the manufacture of electrical machines’ windings must be preceded by an accurate design phase in which it is possible to evaluate the maximum slot filling factor obtainable for a given wire shape and for its dimensions. For this purpose, this paper presents an algorithmic approach for the evaluation of maximum slot filling factors in electrical machines under an ideal geometric premise. In particular, this algorithm has a greater degree of flexibility with respect to the algorithm approaches found in the literature, since the study has been extended to round, rectangular and hexagonal wire sections. Furthermore, the slot filling factor calculation was carried out both for standard and non-standard slots. The algorithmic approach proposed can be considered as an additional useful tool for the fast design of electrical machine windings.

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Tran, Tuan V., and Chi D. Dang. "Multi-Objective Optimization Design of Standard Industrial Motor." Journal of Science and Technology - Technical Universities 30.8, no. 147 (November 2020): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.51316/30.8.5.

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This paper presents a method to optimally design electrical machines. Unlike the traditional design method “tries-and-errors iterative process”, the optimal design approach consists of combining optimization algorithms and multi-physics models to reach the optimum design. A case study of designing a standard industrial motor of 6 HP with multi-objectives and constraints is chosen in order to test this optimization methodology. The Pareto solution results of two conflicting objectives between the efficiency and the active mass of this machine are reached to help designers and customers selecting the best compromised design of motor of 6 HP in terms of cost and consuming energy.

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Arnoux, Pierre-Hadrien, Pierre Caillard, and Frederic Gillon. "Modeling Finite-Element Constraint to Run an Electrical Machine Design Optimization Using Machine Learning." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 51, no. 3 (March 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2014.2364031.

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Orosz, Tamás, and Zoltán Ádám Tamus. "Non-linear Impact of the Short Circuit Impedance Selection on the Cost Optimized Power Transformer Design." Periodica Polytechnica Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 64, no. 3 (February 17, 2020): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppee.15331.

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Since the electrical machine design is a complex task it can be divided into sub-problems, e.g. preliminary and final design processes and checking of the final design. This paper deals with the preliminary design process, which provides the key-design parameters of the electrical machine. Traditionally, these electrical machine models in preliminary design phase neglect or use oversimplified insulation system models and the tap changing selection is not involved during the calculation of key-design parameters. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of the insulation distance minimization and tap-changing on the key design parameters of a cost-optimized large power transformer. For this purpose, the paper shows some examples, where the cost optimal design — in contrast to the classical insulation design rule — contains larger insulation distances than the possible minimum values. The effect of tap-changing methods are also investigated. These cost optimization made by a verified, metaheuristic method-based transformer optimization algorithm. The results show involving the insulation design and tap-changing selection into the preliminary design process can provide more economical designs.

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Kalt, Svenja, Jonathan Erhard, and Markus Lienkamp. "Electric Machine Design Tool for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines and Induction Machines." Machines 8, no. 1 (March 24, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines8010015.

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The rising mobility demand of today’s society leads to an increasing strain of noise and pollutant emissions on people and the environment. An increasing environmental awareness and the scarcity of fossil fuels are increasingly placing alternative-powered vehicles in the focus of politics, research and development. Electric vehicles represent a promising solution to this problem. The electric machine represents a design control lever for the optimization of the electric powertrain with regard to efficiency, power, weight and size. Therefore, accurate and realistic machine design tools for the design of electric machines are becoming increasingly important. In this paper, the authors present an electric machine design tool for electric machines using MATLAB® in order to enable an automated machine design. The electric machine design tool is published under an LGPL open source license.

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Davis, Justin, and Robert Reese. "Finite State Machine Datapath Design, Optimization, and Implementation." Synthesis Lectures on Digital Circuits and Systems 2, no. 1 (January 2007): 1–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2200/s00087ed1v01y200702dcs014.

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Ballestín-Bernad, V., J. S. Artal-Sevil, J. A. Domínguez-Navarro, and J. L. Bernal-Agustín. "Low-cost variable-speed wind turbines design by recycling small electrical machines. Arrangement of permanent magnets in the rotor." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 20 (September 2022): 833–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj20.450.

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This paper describes the design of low-cost variablespeed wind turbines by recycling small electrical machines. In this way, electrical machines such as automobile claw-pole alternators, induction motors for domestic applications, or simply electric motors for some industrial applications are studied, considering their reuse as permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) in small wind turbines or hydro-power turbines. The main purpose is the integration of hybrid energy conversion systems (wind and hydraulic turbines) in small stand-alone microgrids within the rural environment. Likewise, in order to optimize the design, the arrangement of the permanent magnets in the rotor is analyzed. The analysis has been carried out using the FluxMotor simulation software, which is based on the 2D finite element method. At the same time, the FEM software provides a lot of information about the optimization of the electrical machine and its multiple design options and topologies. Suggested designs have similar performance as well as a similar size and weight. The purpose has been to explore different topologies and select the most efficient designs. In this way, it is shown that it is possible to reuse an electrical generator easily, without losing much of the general performance.

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Mohammadi, Sajjad, Behrooz Vahidi, Mojtaba Mirsalim, and Hamid Lesani. "Simple nonlinear MEC-based model for sensitivity analysis and genetic optimization of permanent-magnet." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 34, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 301–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-12-2013-0424.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an effective, yet simple analytical framework for optimization of permanent-magnet synchronous machines. Also, single/multi-objective optimizations are performed for a case-study machine with surface-mounted permanent magnets. Design/methodology/approach – First, an accurate magnetic equivalent circuit is developed which takes all the material such as iron saturation and PM parameters into account. Then, through a Fourier analysis, it is combined with the d-q model of PM synchronous machines to achieve an optimization framework including the developed torque, back-EMF and a number of design considerations. Finally, a genetic algorithm (GA) is employed in the single/multi-objective design optimizations, which offers several design characteristics upon different desired outcomes. Findings – An analytical design framework for the optimization of permanent-magnet synchronous machines is developed in this paper that can effectively account for all material properties such as iron saturation and PM characteristics, and take into account the design considerations, all of which are shown as superiorities of the proposed approach over the existing method. In addition, the proposed framework is relatively simpler in terms of implementing. The model is verified by employing finite element method. Moreover, sensitivity analysis is carried out to investigate the influence of the design parameters on the machine performance, which provides valuable information for the designer of such devices. Finally, a GA is utilized to perform single/multi-objective optimization schemes whose objectives are minimizing the torque ripples, back-EMF total harmonic distortion and PM volume. Originality/value – The proposed framework is new approach that could be employed in the design optimization of PM synchronous machines. Contrary to existing method, it is simpler and more effective in taking the material properties such as iron saturation and PM characteristics into account.

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Korman, Oğuz, Mauro Di Nardo, Michele Degano, and Chris Gerada. "On the Use of Topology Optimization for Synchronous Reluctance Machines Design." Energies 15, no. 10 (May 19, 2022): 3719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103719.

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Synchronous reluctance (SynRel) machines are considered one of the promising and cost-effective solutions to many industrial and mobility applications. Nonetheless, achieving an optimal design is challenging due to the complex correlation between geometry and magnetic characteristics. In order to expand the limits formed by template-based geometries, this work approaches the problem by using topology optimization (TO) through the density method (DM). Optimization settings and their effects on results, both in terms of performance and computation time, are studied extensively by performing optimizations on the rotor of a benchmark SynRel machine. In addition, DM-based TO is applied to an existing rotor geometry to assess its use and performance as a design refinement tool. The findings are presented, highlighting several insights into how to apply TO to SynRel machine design and its limitations, boundaries for performance improvements and related computational cost.

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Laksar, Jan, Radek Cermak, and Karel Hruska. "Challenges in the Electromagnetic Design of Multiphase Machines: Winding and Equivalent Circuit Parameters." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 4, 2021): 7335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217335.

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The usage of multiphase electrical drives expands the operation possibilities of electrical machines and opens new directions of research on inverter-fed electrical machines. With an increasing number of phases, the standard approach of the electromagnetic design of machines has to be generalized to m-phase systems, which is not usually respected in the literature focused on electric machine design, and it is rarely published. This paper summarizes the specific problems linked with the design of machines with different numbers of phases, focusing on the winding design and the calculation of equivalent circuit parameters. In addition to the direct effect of different numbers of phases, the impact of injecting higher order time harmonic components on the electromagnetic design of electric machines is analyzed. The obtained analytical results are verified by the measurement of a nine-phase experimental induction motor.

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Naseer, Muhammad Usman, Ants Kallaste, Bilal Asad, Toomas Vaimann, and Anton Rassõlkin. "A Review on Additive Manufacturing Possibilities for Electrical Machines." Energies 14, no. 7 (March 31, 2021): 1940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071940.

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This paper presents current research trends and prospects of utilizing additive manufacturing (AM) techniques to manufacture electrical machines. Modern-day machine applications require extraordinary performance parameters such as high power-density, integrated functionalities, improved thermal, mechanical & electromagnetic properties. AM offers a higher degree of design flexibility to achieve these performance parameters, which is impossible to realize through conventional manufacturing techniques. AM has a lot to offer in every aspect of machine fabrication, such that from size/weight reduction to the realization of complex geometric designs. However, some practical limitations of existing AM techniques restrict their utilization in large scale production industry. The introduction of three-dimensional asymmetry in machine design is an aspect that can be exploited most with the prevalent level of research in AM. In order to take one step further towards the enablement of large-scale production of AM-built electrical machines, this paper also discusses some machine types which can best utilize existing developments in the field of AM.

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Bdewi, Mustafa Y., Ahmed M. Mohammed, and Mohammed M. Ezzaldean. "Design and Performance Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicles Application." Engineering and Technology Journal 39, no. 3A (March 25, 2021): 394–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i3a.1765.

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In electrical vehicle applications, power density plays a significant role in improving machine performance. The main objective of this paper is to design and analyze the performance of in-wheel outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) used in electric vehicles based on a previously designed model. The key challenge is to achieve the best machine performance regarding the highest torque density and lowest torque ripple. This work also aims at reducing the machine cost by using permanent magnet (PM) material, which has less energy density than the PM used in the previously designed model. An optimization procedure is carried out to improve the generated torque, keeping the same aspects of size and volume of the selected machine. On the other hand, the other specifications of the machine are taken into consideration and are maintained within the acceptable level. According to their major impact on the machine’s performance, the most important parameters of machine designing is selected during the optimization procedure. This proposed machine is implemented and tested using the finite element software package “MagNet 7.4.1” with Visual Basic 16.0 programming language and MATLAB 9.5 Simulink for post-processing.

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Soltani, Mohammad, Stefano Nuzzo, Davide Barater, and Giovanni Franceschini. "A Multi-Objective Design Optimization for a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine with Hairpin Winding Intended for Transport Applications." Electronics 10, no. 24 (December 18, 2021): 3162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10243162.

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Nowadays, interest in electric propulsion is increasing due to the need to decarbonize society. Electric drives and their components play a key role in this electrification trend. The electrical machine, in particular, is seeing an ever-increasing development and extensive research is currently being dedicated to the improvement of its efficiency and torque/power density. Among the winding methods, hairpin technologies are gaining extensive attention due to their inherently high slot fill factor, good heat dissipation, strong rigidity, and short end-winding length. These features make hairpin windings a potential candidate for some traction applications which require high power and/or torque densities. However, they also have some drawbacks, such as high losses at high frequency operations due to skin and proximity effects. In this paper, a multi-objective design optimization is proposed aiming to provide a fast and useful tool to enhance the exploitation of the hairpin technology in electrical machines. Efficiency and volume power density are considered as main design objectives. Analytical and finite element evaluations are performed to support the proposed methodology.

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Mendes, Gabriel, Ângela Ferreira, and Ednei Miotto. "Coupled Electromagnetic and Thermal Analysis of Electric Machines." MATEC Web of Conferences 322 (2020): 01052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032201052.

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This paper deals with the design process of electric machines, proposing a design flowchart which couples the electromagnetic and thermal models of the machine, assisted by finite element techniques. The optimization of an electrical machine, in terms of the energy efficiency and cost reduction requirements, benefits from the coupling design of the electromagnetic and thermal models. It allows the maximization of the current density and, consequently, the torque/power density within thermal limits of the active materials. The proposed coupled electromagneticthermal analysis is demonstrated using a single-phase transformer of 1 kVA. Finite element analysis is carried out via ANSYS Workbench, using Maxwell 3D for the electromagnetic design, with resistive and iron losses directly coupled to a steady-state thermal simulation, in order to determine the temperature rise which, in turn, returns to electromagnetic model for material properties update.

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Di Barba, Paolo, Maria Evelina Mognaschi, Ryszard Palka, Piotr Paplicki, and Sebastian Szkolny. "Design optimization of a permanent-magnet excited synchronous machine for electrical automobiles." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 39, no. 1-4 (September 5, 2012): 889–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-2012-1556.

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Arumugam, Puvan, Emmanuel Amankwah, Adam Walker, and Chris Gerada. "Design Optimization of a Short-Term Duty Electrical Machine for Extreme Environment." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 64, no. 12 (December 2017): 9784–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2017.2711555.

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Gampala, Gopinath, and C. J. Reddy. "Fast and Intelligent Antenna Design Optimization using Machine Learning." Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society 35, no. 11 (February 5, 2021): 1350–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47037/2020.aces.j.351144.

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Traditional antenna optimization solves the modified version of the original antenna design for each iteration. Thus, the total time required to optimize a given antenna design is highly dependent on the convergence criteria of the selected algorithm and the time taken for each iteration. The use of machine learning enables the antenna designer to generate trained mathematical model that replicates the original antenna design and then apply optimization on the trained model. Use of trained model allows to run thousands of optimization iterations in a span of few seconds.

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Caner, Murat, Chris Gerada, and Greg Asher. "Permanent magnet machine design trade-offs to achieve sensorless control at high load." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 34, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 324–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-02-2014-0039.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new design optimization technique for a surface mounted permanent magnet (SMPM) machine to increase sensorless performance at high loadings by compromising with torque capability. Design/methodology/approach – An SMPM parametric machine model was created and analysed by finite element analysis (FEA) software by means of the Matlab environment. Eight geometric parameters of the machine were optimized using genetic algorithms (GAs). The outer volume of the machine, namely copper loss per volume, was kept constant. In order to prevent sensorless performance loss at high loading, an optimization process was realized using two loading stages: maximum torque with minimum ripple at nominal load and maximum self-sensing capability at twice load. In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed technique, the obtained results were compared with the classical one-stage optimization realized for each loading condition separately. Findings – With the proposed technique, fairly good performance results of the optimization were obtained when compared with the one-stage optimizations. Using the proposed technique, sensorless performance of the motor was highly increased by compromising torque capability for high loading. Additionally, this paper shows that the self-sensing properties of a SMPM machine should be considered at the design stage of the machine. Originality/value – In related literature, design optimization studies for the sensorless capability of SMPM motor are very few. By increasing optimization performance, new proposed technique provides to achieve good result at high load for sensorless performance compromising torque capability.

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Jomartov, A. A., S. U. Joldasbekov, and Yu M. Drakunov. "Dynamic synthesis of machine with slider-crank mechanism." Mechanical Sciences 6, no. 1 (April 2, 2015): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-6-35-2015.

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Abstract. In this paper we consider the formulation and solution of the task of a dynamic synthesis machine with an asynchronous electric motor and a slider-crank mechanism. The constant parameters of the slider-crank mechanism (mass and moments of inertia and centers of gravity of links) and the parameters of the electrical motor are defined. The laws of motion of the machine and kinematic parameters of the mechanism are considered as given. We have developed the method of optimal dynamic synthesis of the machine, which consists of an asynchronous electric motor and a slider-crank mechanism. The criterion of optimization of the dynamic synthesis of a machine is the root mean square sum of the moments of driving forces, the forces of resistance and inertia forces which are reduced to the axis of rotation of the crank. The method of optimal dynamic synthesis of a machine can be used in the design of new and the improvement of known mechanisms and machines.

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Le Guyadec, Mathias, Laurent Gerbaud, Emmanuel Vinot, and Benoit Delinchant. "Sensitivity analysis using Sobol indices for the thermal modelling of an electrical machine for sizing by optimization." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 38, no. 3 (May 7, 2019): 965–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-09-2018-0360.

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Purpose The thermal modelling of an electrical machine is difficult because the thermal behavior depends on its geometry, the used materials and its manufacturing process. In the paper, such a thermal model is used during the sizing process by optimization of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). This paper aims to deal with the sensitivities of thermal parameters on temperatures inside the electrical machine to allow the assessment of the influence of thermal parameters that are hard to assess. Design/methodology/approach A sensitivity analysis by Sobol indices is used to assess the sensitivities of the thermal parameters on electrical machine temperatures. As the optimization process needs fast computations, a lumped parameter thermal network (LPTN) is proposed for the thermal modelling of the machine, because of its fastness. This is also useful for the Sobol method that needs too many calls to this thermal model. This model is also used in a global model of a hybrid vehicle. Findings The difficulty is the thermal modelling of the machine on the validity domain of the sizing problem. The Sobol indices allow to find where a modelling effort has to be carried out. Research limitations/implications The Sobol indices have a significant value according to the number of calls of the model and their type (first-order, total, etc.). Therefore, the quality of the thermal sensitivity analysis is a compromise between computation times and modelling accuracy. Practical implications Thermal modelling of an electrical machine in a sizing process by optimization. Originality/value The use of Sobol indices for the sensitivity analysis of the thermal parameters of an electrical machine.

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Caner, Murat, Chris Gerada, Greg Asher, and Tolga Özer. "Design optimization of Halbach array permanent magnet motor to achieve sensorless performance using genetic algorithm." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 35, no. 5 (September 5, 2016): 1741–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-06-2015-0218.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate Halbach array effects in surface mounted permanent magnet machine (SMPM) in terms of both self-sensing and torque capabilities. A comparison between a conventional SMPM, which has radially magnetized rotor, and a Halbach machine has been carried out. Design/methodology/approach The geometric parameters of the two machines have been optimized using genetic algorithm (GA) with looking Pareto. The performance of the machines’ geometry has been calculated by finite element analysis (FEA) software, and two parametric machine models have been realized in Matlab coupled with the FEA and GA toolboxes. Outer volume of the machine, thus copper loss per volume has been kept constant. The Pareto front approach, which simultaneously considers looks two aims, has been used to provide the trade-off between the torque and sensorless performances. Findings The two machines’ results have been compared separately for each loading condition. According to the results, the superiority of the Halbach machine has been shown in terms of sensorless capability compromising torque performance. Additionally, this paper shows that the self-sensing properties of a SMPM machine should be considered at the design stage of the machine. Originality/value A Halbach machine design optimization has been presented using Pareto optimal set which provides a trade-off comparison between two aims without using weightings. These are sensorless performance and torque capability. There is no such a work about sensorless capability of the Halbach type SMPM in the literature.

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Lv, Lang, Wan Li Xiong, and Ju Long Yuan. "Optimization Design of Electrical and Magnetic Characteristics of an Ultra-Precision Machine Tool Motorized Spindle." Advanced Materials Research 69-70 (May 2009): 258–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.69-70.258.

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Electrical and magnetic characteristics of motorized spindles have a great effect on machining quality of ultra-precision machine tools. Bad characteristics will result in significant heat losses, low efficiency and large vibration. Study on optimizing electrical and magnetic characteristics of an inverter-fed induction motor is presented in this paper. A method of optimization design of an inverter-fed induction motor is given. The method is used to design a motor used for an ultra-precision machine tool motorized spindle. By comparing the optimal design with the traditional one, it shows that the total electrical and magnetic heat losses are obviously decreased and the efficiency can be improved.

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Lima, Evelyn Cristina de Oliveira, André Borges Cavalcante, and João Viana Da Fonseca Neto. "Optimization of amplifier circuits by using gradient boosted trees and probability annealing policy." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 15, no. 3 (December 3, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v15i3.184.

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One important step of the optimization of analog circuits is to properly size circuit components. Since the quantities that define specification may compete for different circuit parameter values, the optimization of analog circuits befits a hard and costly optimization problem. In this work, we propose two contributions to design automation methodologies based on machine learning. Firstly, we propose a probability annealing policy to boost early data collection and restrict electronic simulations later on in the optimization. Secondly, we employ multiple gradient boosted trees to predict design superiority, which reduces overfitting to learned designs. When compared to the state-of-the art, our approach reduces the number of electronic simulations, the number of queries made to the machine learning module required to finish the optimization.

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Ngo, Phuong Le. "GENETIC ALGORITHM IN OPTIMIZATION DESIGN OF INTERIOR PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR." «System analysis and applied information science», no. 1 (May 4, 2017): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2309-4923-2017-1-42-48.

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Classical method of designing electric motors help to achieve functional motor, but doesn’t ensure minimal cost in manufacturing and operating. Recently optimization is becoming an important part in modern electric motor design process. The objective of the optimization process is usually to minimize cost, energy loss, mass, or maximize torque and efficiency. Most of the requirements for electrical machine design are in contradiction to each other (reduction in volume or mass, improvement in efficiency etc.). Optimization in design permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is a multi-objective optimization problem. There are two approaches for solving this problem, one of them is evolution algorithms, which gain a lot of attentions recently. For designing PMSM, evolution algorithms are more attractive approach. Genetic algorithm is one of the most common. This paper presents components and procedures of genetic algorithms, and its implementation on computer. In optimization process, analytical and finite element method are used together for better performance and precision. Result from optimization process is a set of solutions, from which engineer will choose one. This method was used to design a permanent magnet synchronous motor based on an asynchronous motor type АИР112МВ8.

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Tiismus, Hans, Ants Kallaste, Toomas Vaimann, Liina Lind, Indrek Virro, Anton Rassõlkin, and Tatjana Dedova. "Laser Additively Manufactured Magnetic Core Design and Process for Electrical Machine Applications." Energies 15, no. 10 (May 17, 2022): 3665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103665.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is considered the enabling technology for topology optimized components, with its unparalleled, almost free-form design freedom. Over the past decade, AM of electromagnetic materials has evolved into a promising new area of research. Considerable efforts have also been invested by the electrical machine (EM) research community to develop and integrate novel additive components. Several challenges remain, however, in printing soft magnetic flux guides—most prominently, reducing the induced eddy currents to achieve competitive AM core efficiency. This paper demonstrates the workflow of laser additive manufacturing magnetic cores with superior magnetic properties to soft magnetic composites (at 50 Hz excitation): describing the workflow, parameter tuning for both printing and annealing, and shape optimization. Process optimization yielded the optimal energy density of 77 J/mm3 and annealing temperature of 1200 °C, applied to prepare the samples with the highest relative density (99.86%), lowest surface roughness Rz (0.041 mm), minimal hysteresis losses (0.8 W/kg at 1.0 T, 50 Hz), and ultimate yield strength of 420 MPa. For Eddy current suppression, the sample (5 × 5 × 60 mm toroid) with bi-directional grading reached specific core losses as low as 1.8 W/kg (W10,50). Based on the findings, the advantages and disadvantages of AM graded cores are discussed in detail.

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Orosz, Tamás, David Pánek, Anton Rassõlkin, and Miklós Kuczmann. "Robust Design Optimization of Electrical Machines and Devices." Electronics 11, no. 9 (April 29, 2022): 1427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11091427.

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Uler, G. F., O. A. Mohammed, and Chang-Seop Koh. "Design optimization of electrical machines using genetic algorithms." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 31, no. 3 (May 1995): 2008–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.376437.

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Sarap, Martin, Ants Kallaste, Payam Shams Ghahfarokhi, Hans Tiismus, and Toomas Vaimann. "Utilization of Additive Manufacturing in the Thermal Design of Electrical Machines: A Review." Machines 10, no. 4 (March 31, 2022): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10040251.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is a key technology for advancing many fields, including electrical machines. It offers unparalleled design freedom together with low material waste and fast prototyping, which is why it has become to focus of many researchers. For electrical machines, AM allows the production of designs with optimized mechanical, electromagnetic and thermal parameters. This paper attempts to give the reader an overview of the existing research and thermal solutions which have been realized with the use of AM. These include novel heat sink and heat exchanger designs, solutions for cooling the machine windings directly, and additively manufactured hollow windings. Some solutions such as heat pipes, which have been produced with AM but not used to cool electrical machines, are also discussed, as these are used in conventional designs and will certainly be used for additively manufactured electrical machines in the future.

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Effendi, Riki, Fadwah Maghfurah, and Rudiarto Rudiarto. "Optimization Design of Multifunction Machines For Making 2 Kinds of Animal Feed." Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jemmme.v3i2.7011.

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Optimization design of multifunctional machines for making of animal feed is one of the development efforts of conventional machinery to be a multifunctional machine with electric motor drive which is to help small MSME industries so that their results and capacity are faster and more effective during the process of milling and grinding. This is a new concept designed to increase the time effectiveness of its use. This tool is specifically designed to chop odot grass and grind corn kernels, where the tool works using resources from an electric motor that moves a U-type blade or type I blade for knitting or grinding. The method used to make multifunction machines includes the development of existing models, seeking research on previous tools, refining the design model concept, making 3D models using the Solidworks Computer Aided Design (CAD) with a cycle time of 50 seconds on different test pieces and mills where assembly time is needed to complete the multifunction machine for ± 20 days or 28800 minutes.

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Goswami, Anik, Paromita Sadhu, and Pradip Kumar Sadhu. "Hybrid K Based Influential Parameter Determination and Design Optimization of 220 kV High Voltage Insulator." Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika 25, no. 4 (August 7, 2019): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eie.25.4.23966.

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Insulator failure generally occurs due to improper design, and if there exists sharp edges over the insulator surface. There is a need to detect the fragile parameters in the insulator design as they can cause large electrical stress, leading to insulation failure. In this paper, machine learning based approach is used to identify the fragile design parameter and thus determine an optimized design of the insulator, which will eventually decrease the voltage stress over it. A 220 kV insulator is designed and electric field intensity and potential distribution for an assembly of live, ground and insulator is calculated for different geometries. The design parameters of the insulator are considered and varied. The electric field is calculated for the whole assembly of insulator to generate the most optimized design. The optimized design reduces the overall stress by 13.12 %.

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Ramadhan, Anthony Jayanto, Abdul Multi, Edy Supriyadi, and Iriandi Ilyas. "RANCANG BANGUN ALAT KENDALI BEBAN DAYA LISTRIK PADA MESIN PRODUKSI DENGAN SCADA BERBASIS PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER DAN SMARTPHONE." SAINSTECH: JURNAL PENELITIAN DAN PENGKAJIAN SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 32, no. 3 (August 10, 2022): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37277/stch.v32i3.1351.

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Abstract With limited electrical resources and the increasing use of loads on the industry, it is required to optimize the use of electrical power. Thus, it requires continuous monitoring and automatic load control. Overall monitoring of power loads, and electrical control settings in the optimization of production machines that can be monitored remotely and comprehensively. To overcome this problem, the design of the electrical power load control device on production machines with scada based on programmable logic controllers and smartphones is made. This study uses an experimental method to obtain a suitable machine simulator, then the following steps are carried out: collecting data and information, determining the controller and communication system, making hardware design, wiring simulator, software controller design, android smartphone software design and HMI software design. As for the control of the electric power control system in optimizing the operation of production machines with scada and smartphones. From the test results obtained a system that can work well. This is evidenced by looking at the measurement data for testing the input/output signal from the controller by looking directly at the controller, as well as on the HMI monitor by displaying the amount of electrical power used and the amount of available electrical resources, which is done by simulating analog input/output. with a scale of 0-100% (0-10 V), 0-1000 KW (0-10 V). Keywords: PLC Control, Android, Mobile HMI, WiFi, SCADA.

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Ramadhan, Anthony Jayanto, Abdul Multi, Edy Supriyadi, and Iriandi Ilyas. "RANCANG BANGUN ALAT KENDALI BEBAN DAYA LISTRIK PADA MESIN PRODUKSI DENGAN SCADA BERBASIS PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER DAN SMARTPHONE." SAINSTECH: JURNAL PENELITIAN DAN PENGKAJIAN SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 32, no. 3 (August 12, 2022): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37277/stch.v32i3.1363.

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Abstract With limited electrical resources and the increasing use of loads on the industry, it is required to optimize the use of electrical power. Thus, it requires continuous monitoring and automatic load control. Overall monitoring of power loads, and electrical control settings in the optimization of production machines that can be monitored remotely and comprehensively. To overcome this problem, the design of the electrical power load control device on production machines with scada based on programmable logic controllers and smartphones is made. This study uses an experimental method to obtain a suitable machine simulator, then the following steps are carried out: collecting data and information, determining the controller and communication system, making hardware design, wiring simulator, software controller design, android smartphone software design and HMI software design. As for the control of the electric power control system in optimizing the operation of production machines with scada and smartphones. From the test results obtained a system that can work well. This is evidenced by looking at the measurement data for testing the input/output signal from the controller by looking directly at the controller, as well as on the HMI monitor by displaying the amount of electrical power used and the amount of available electrical resources, which is done by simulating analog input/output. with a scale of 0-100% (0-10 V), 0-1000 KW (0-10 V). Keywords: PLC Control, Android, Mobile HMI, WiFi, SCADA.

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Bianchini, Claudio, Mattia Vogni, Ambra Torreggiani, Stefano Nuzzo, Davide Barater, and Giovanni Franceschini. "Slot Design Optimization for Copper Losses Reduction in Electric Machines for High Speed Applications." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 22, 2020): 7425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217425.

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The need of a wide operating range and a high power density in electric machines for full- and hybrid electric vehicles in traction applications has led to an increase in the operating frequency of the machine. When the electric frequency increases, the additional losses in stator windings become an issue and they have to be taken into account in the design of the electric machine. This issue is more critical when hairpin windings are employed, due to the the skin and proximity effects which produce increased copper losses. In this paper, the relationships between different stator slot parameters (tooth width, slot opening, etc.) and stator winding copper losses have been analysed in order to identify an optimal design of a single stator slot.

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Yu, Jianqin, Guoying Lu, Ting Zhang, and Tianyu Cheng. "Optimization of Interface layout of electrical equipment using Heuristic Algorithm." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2384, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2384/1/012047.

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Abstract Facility Layout Problem(FLP) is a major matter in the process of human-machine interface(HMI) design, which has a direct impact on how well operators perform their duties. Electrical equipment, which controls the power system, has a direct impact on how safely the system operates. The current optimization techniques prioritize improving the equipment’s performance characteristics at the expense of user aspects. This work aims to apply heuristic algorithms that introduce cognitive psychology and adopt the layout principle as a constraint condition to solve this problem. The improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to conduct the optimal design practice of the HMI of electrical switching equipment, develop the optimization mathematical model, and quantify the subjective and objective layout principles. Comparing the optimization results reveals that the genetic algorithm’s optimization impact is superior and the ant colony algorithm’s iterative pace is faster. The HMI’s optimized design based on a heuristic algorithm can improve the usability of interface operation, and has a certain reference for the optimization design of HMI of electrical equipment.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Electrical machine design and optimization'

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