Journal articles: 'Electrical machine design'

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Müller, Samuel, David Maier, and Nejila Parspour. "Inductive Electrically Excited Synchronous Machine for Electrical Vehicles—Design, Optimization and Measurement." Energies 16, no. 4 (February 7, 2023): 1657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16041657.

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The demand for electric machines has been rising steadily for several years—mainly due to the move away from the combustion engine. Synchronous motors with rare earth permanent magnets are widely used due to their high power densities. These magnets are cost-intensive, cost-sensitive and often environmentally harmful. In addition to dispensing with permanent magnets, electrically excited synchronous machines offer the advantage of an adjustable excitation and, thus, a higher efficiency in the partial load range in field weakening operation. Field weakening operation is relevant for the application of vehicle traction drive. The challenge of this machine type is the need for an electrical power transfer system, usually achieved with slip rings. Slip rings wear out, generate dust and are limited in power density and maximum speed due to vibrations. This article addresses an electrically excited synchronous machine with a wireless power transfer onto the rotor. From the outset, the machine is designed with a wireless power transfer system for use in a medium-sized electric vehicle. As an example, the requirements are derived from the BMW’s i3. The wireless power transfer system is integrated into the hollow shaft of the rotor. Unused space is thus utilized. The overall system is optimized for high efficiency, especially for partial load at medium speed, with an operation point-depending optimization method. The results are compared with the reference permanent magnet excited machine. A prototype of the machine is built and measured on the test bench. The measured efficiency of the inductive electrically excited synchronous machine is up to 4% higher than that of the reference machine of the BMW i3.

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Sorgdrager, Albert, Rong-Jie Wang, and Andre Grobler. "Taguchi Method in Electrical Machine Design." SAIEE Africa Research Journal 108, no. 4 (December 2017): 150–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/saiee.2017.8531928.

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Ivanov, N. S., S. V. Zhuravlev, V. A. Kaderov, N. A. Malevich, and Bruno Duine. "Electrical machines with HTS windings – prospective schemes, design algorithm, and specific power dependences." Superconductivity: Fundamental and Applied Research, no. 1 (December 2023): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.62539/2949-5644-2023-0-1-56-64.

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The parameters calculation results for electric machines with HTS armature windings have been provided in this Article. Various machine schemes using HTS field winding, permanent magnets, tooth and annular armature windings have been considered. A design algorithm that takes into account system level requirements, analytical calculations, finite element modeling, as well as heat and mechanical calculation have been proposed. Specific power dependences for 77K and 20K machines have been found from the analytical method and optimization calculation based on it. It has been proved that the method developed allows finding specific power for various machines. Specific power dependences presented in this Article can be used for system level design.

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Naseer, Muhammad Usman, Ants Kallaste, Bilal Asad, Toomas Vaimann, and Anton Rassõlkin. "A Review on Additive Manufacturing Possibilities for Electrical Machines." Energies 14, no. 7 (March 31, 2021): 1940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071940.

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This paper presents current research trends and prospects of utilizing additive manufacturing (AM) techniques to manufacture electrical machines. Modern-day machine applications require extraordinary performance parameters such as high power-density, integrated functionalities, improved thermal, mechanical & electromagnetic properties. AM offers a higher degree of design flexibility to achieve these performance parameters, which is impossible to realize through conventional manufacturing techniques. AM has a lot to offer in every aspect of machine fabrication, such that from size/weight reduction to the realization of complex geometric designs. However, some practical limitations of existing AM techniques restrict their utilization in large scale production industry. The introduction of three-dimensional asymmetry in machine design is an aspect that can be exploited most with the prevalent level of research in AM. In order to take one step further towards the enablement of large-scale production of AM-built electrical machines, this paper also discusses some machine types which can best utilize existing developments in the field of AM.

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Moreno, Yerai, Gaizka Almandoz, Aritz Egea, Patxi Madina, and Ana Julia Escalada. "Multi-Physics Tool for Electrical Machine Sizing." Energies 13, no. 7 (April 2, 2020): 1651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071651.

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Society is turning to electrification to reduce air pollution, increasing electric machine demand. For industrial mass production, a detailed design of one machine is usually done first, then a design of similar machines, but different ratings are reached by geometry scaling. This design process may be highly time-consuming, so, in this paper, a new sizing method is proposed to reduce this time, maintaining accuracy. It is based on magnetic flux and thermal maps, both linked with an algorithm so that the sizing process of an electrical machine can be carried out in less than one minute. The magnetic flux maps are obtained by Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and the thermal maps are obtained by analytical models based on Lumped Parameter Circuits (LPC), applying a time-efficient procedure. The proposed methodology is validated in a real case study, sizing 10 different industrial machines. Then, the accuracy of the sizing tool is validated performing the experimental test over the 10 machines. A very good agreement is achieved between the experimental results and the performances calculated by the sizing tools, as the maximum error is around 5%.

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Ivshin, Igor Vladimirovich, Andrey Michailovich Kopylov, and Alfred Robertovich Safin. "Numerical Modeling of Dynamic Processes of the Reciprocating Reversible Electrical Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 792 (September 2015): 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.792.134.

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Now rotational electrical machines are used mainly for the implementation a reciprocating motion of working mechanisms and also as the electric generators powered by internal combustion engines. It is achieved by means of the kinematic transfers complicating a design and reducing the drive efficiency. The use of linear reciprocating electric machines allows to eliminate these defects. It should be noted that the most effective ones are the cylindrical designs of reciprocating electric machines with permanent magnets, whose efficiency reaches 93 – 95%. However, the rarity and lack of a mass production of this machine type and special recommendations for their design causes the need of research, directed on search of optimum constructive decisions. The article describes the types of linear electrical machines and summarizes the results of numerical modeling of dynamic characteristics for the three versions of the reciprocating cylindrical machine with permanent magnets of 10 kW with the oscillation frequency of the translator 20 Hz and the length of operating cycle of 120 mm. The most effective design parameters of linear electric machine were determined on the basis of its specific characteristics and analysis of the EMF graphics shape, appearing on the stator windings in the generator mode.

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Gao, Wei. "Electrical System of Thread Rolling Machine." Advanced Materials Research 546-547 (July 2012): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.546-547.301.

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The thesis designs a new kind of electrical system of thread rolling machine. The design bases on the grating, microchip and has quick response, which overcomes the drawback of the electrical system basing on PLC.

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Chari, M. V. K., G. Bedrosian, J. D'Angelo, A. konrad, G. M. Cotzas, and M. R. Shah. "Electromagnetic Field Analysis for Electrical Machine Design." Progress In Electromagnetics Research 04 (1991): 159–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pier89090100.

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Belmans, R., R. Findlay, D. Verdyck, and W. Geysen. "A Modern Approach to Electrical Machine Design." Journal of Engineering Design 1, no. 2 (January 1990): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09544829008901652.

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Ismagilov, Flur, Vyacheslav Vavilov, Valentina Ayguzina, and Vladimir Bekuzin. "New Method of Optimal Design of Electrical Rotating Machines." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 5, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v5.i3.pp479-487.

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The article presents a new method of the optimal design of the electrical rotating machine based on genetic algorithm. The mathematical description of the proposed algorithm is developed, and the optimal design of the high-speed electrical rotating machine by proposed method is performed. A new method for optimal design allows obtaining a new electrical rotating machine which mass is lower than mass of the initial electrical rotating machine by two times; the value of the rotor active length is lower by 2.37 times and the current density is higher by 1.7 times in comparison with the initial electrical rotating machine. The losses are increased by only 25 percent (power, rotation frequency and materials of both electrical rotating machine are the same).

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Patsios, Charalampos, Minos E. Beniakar, Antonios G. Kladas, and John Prousalidis. "A Simple and Efficient Parametric Design Approach for Marine Electrical Machines." Materials Science Forum 792 (August 2014): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.792.367.

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In this paper a parametric design procedure of electrical machines used in naval propulsion systems is developed. The algorithm uses a series of design characteristics i.e. the type of the machine, the winding configuration and key geometrical properties, as parameters and is implemented on MATLAB® script allowing for a straightforward incorporation with other development tools. Using the proposed algorithm, two of the most common machine configurations involved in marine electrical propulsion systems i.e. the Induction Motor and the Synchronous Permanent Magnet Motor, are designed and 2D finite element modeling and analysis is performed. MATLAB® is used to interact with the FEMM software package through ActiveX framework, allowing for a detailed calculation of the electromagnetic properties of the machines examined.

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Ali, Hassan, Erwan Sulaiman, Mahyuzie Jenal, Irfan Ali, Laili Iwani Jusoh, Zarafi Ahmad, and Mohd Firdaus. "Design and analysis of double stator HE-FSM for aircraft applications." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v12.i1.pp51-58.

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The main objective of aerospace industry is to produce all electric aircraft (AEA) equipped by electrical devices in coming developments. Electrical machines that provide higher torque densities are gaining more interest for researchers to obtain sustainable direct-drive electrical propulsion system for aircraft applications. In addition to lesser weight and higher torque density, a machine should be “fault tolerant” to applied in aerospace applications. A novel machine for high starting torque, identified as flux switching machine (FSM) was established over the last decade. FSMs comprise all effective sources on stator including robust rotor structure. These machines exhibited higher “torque-to-weight ratios” and reliability. Nonetheless, the challenge of developing a machine suitable for aircraft applications goes far beyond electromagnetic design and much deeper into the field of mechanical systems than traditional ones. Thus, a new double stator (DS) hybrid excitation (HE) FSM design employing segmented rotor is proposed and analyzed in this research work. The suggested design for DS HE-FSM comprises of six field excitation coils (FECs) and six permanent magnets (PMs) as their excitation sources. In this research, investigation of DS HE-FSM is accomplished with respect to flux linkage, back EMF, cogging torque and torque analysis based on 2D FEA.

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Sarap, Martin, Ants Kallaste, Payam Shams Ghahfarokhi, Hans Tiismus, and Toomas Vaimann. "Utilization of Additive Manufacturing in the Thermal Design of Electrical Machines: A Review." Machines 10, no. 4 (March 31, 2022): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10040251.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is a key technology for advancing many fields, including electrical machines. It offers unparalleled design freedom together with low material waste and fast prototyping, which is why it has become to focus of many researchers. For electrical machines, AM allows the production of designs with optimized mechanical, electromagnetic and thermal parameters. This paper attempts to give the reader an overview of the existing research and thermal solutions which have been realized with the use of AM. These include novel heat sink and heat exchanger designs, solutions for cooling the machine windings directly, and additively manufactured hollow windings. Some solutions such as heat pipes, which have been produced with AM but not used to cool electrical machines, are also discussed, as these are used in conventional designs and will certainly be used for additively manufactured electrical machines in the future.

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Li, Min, Mohammad Hossain Mohammadi, Tanvir Rahman, and David Lowther. "Analysis and design of electrical machines with material uncertainties in iron and permanent magnet." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 36, no. 5 (September 4, 2017): 1326–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-02-2017-0110.

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Purpose Manufacturing processes, such as laminations, may introduce uncertainties in the magnetic properties of materials used in electrical machines. This issue, together with magnetization errors, can cause serious deterioration in the performance of the machines. Hence, stochastic material models are required for the study of the influences of the material uncertainties. The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology to study the impact of magnetization pattern uncertainties in permanent magnet electric machines. Design/methodology/approach The impacts of material uncertainties on the performances of an interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine were analyzed using two different robustness metrics (worst-case analysis and statistical study). In addition, two different robust design formulations were applied to robust multi-objective machine design problems. Findings The computational analyses show that material uncertainties may result in deviations of the machine performances and cause nominal solutions to become non-robust. Originality/value In this paper, the authors present stochastic models for the quantification of uncertainties in both ferromagnetic and permanent magnet materials. A robust multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is demonstrated and successfully applied to the robust design optimization of an IPM machine considering manufacturing errors and operational condition changes.

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Cai, Haiwei, Bo Guan, Longya Xu, and Woongchul Choi. "Optimal design of synchronous reluctance machine." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 33, no. 5 (August 26, 2014): 1569–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-09-2013-0287.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present optimally designed synchronous reluctance machine (SynRM) to demonstrate the feasibility of eliminating the use of rare earth permanent magnet (PM) in electric machine for vehicle traction applications. Design/methodology/approach – A typical rare earth interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine is used as the benchmark to conduct the optimal design study. Based on the flux distribution, major changes are made to the rotor lamination design. Enhanced torque production and lower torque ripple are specifically targeted as the two main objectives of the proposed design approach. Findings – As a result, the optimally designed SynRM can achieve performance very close to that of the benchmark PM machine with a potential for further improvement. Originality/value – Discussions of IPM replacement by optimally designed SynRM in electrical and hybrid electrical vehicles are given in terms of performance and cost.

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Livio Šušnjić. "BRUSHLESS EXCITATION SYSTEM ELECTROMAGNETIC DESIGN AND ANALYSES." Journal of Energy - Energija 58, no. 5 (September 19, 2022): 550–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37798/2009585313.

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The brushless synchronous generator (SG) excitation system consists of a main exciter, a permanent magnet generator (PMG) of consequent rotor poles type, and an automatic voltage regulator (AVR). Both exciter machines have been properly designed and analysed. The machines performances are obtained by time stepping finite-element method (FEM) coupled with the external electrical circuit. An experimental machine is built and the measured results are given.

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Selema, Ahmed, Mohamed N. Ibrahim, and Peter Sergeant. "Electrical Machines Winding Technology: Latest Advancements for Transportation Electrification." Machines 10, no. 7 (July 12, 2022): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10070563.

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The ever-increasing demand for higher-power dense electrical machines has resulted in different electrical, mechanical, and thermal stresses, which can eventually cause machine failure. For this reason, the management of stresses and losses must be thoughtfully investigated to have a highly reliable electrical machine. The literature agrees that winding losses are the dominant loss mechanism in many electrical machines. However, statements vary on how to mitigate these losses along with the aforementioned stresses. To avoid winding failure, a study of the various winding topologies would allow for a better consideration of the challenges and limitations in the performance of different electrical machines. To this aim, this paper introduces a comprehensive review for different winding topologies. Many reported cases in the literature are summarized and compared. Moreover, the utilization of additive manufacturing (AM) in the production of the machine windings is presented, showing a high level of maturity of this emerging technology. Finally, different challenges facing the design of machine windings are introduced including the AC high frequency losses, thermal management, mechanical and acoustic problems, insulation aging, automated production, and winding manufacturability.

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ÖZÜPAK, Yıldırım. "Design and Analysis of a Synchronous Generator Using Finite Element Method Based ANSYS-Maxwell." International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 14, no. 2 (December 10, 2022): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24107/ijeas.1163134.

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The most basic electrical machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy is synchronous machines. Synchronous machines can be operated at high speeds and low speeds for different power plants. In terms of system planning, it is important to examine the operating characteristics of the machine at idle and variable load conditions in these cycles. It is very important that generators, which are the basic components of turbines in power plants, have high efficiency when they are designed. While synchronous generators are being designed, many parameters that are compatible with each other must be arranged in an appropriate way. The efficiency of generators can vary greatly by changing very important parameters in the design. In this study, the analysis, design and analysis of the characteristic parameters of a synchronous generator are carried out with the ANSYS-Maxwell-Rmxprt integrated design and simulation program based on Finite Element Method (FEM). In this paper, parameters such as efficiency, induced voltage, phase currents and voltages and output torque of a three-phase synchronous machine were obtained depending on the electrical angle change.

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Ngu, S. S., L. C. Kho, T. P. Tan, and M. Anyi. "A Novel Design of Tube Printing Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 315 (April 2013): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.315.35.

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This paper reports on the design process necessary for an automatic tube printing machine and the issues concerned with high speed and high productivity tube printing. In the paper a detailed description is put forward for the mechanical system design of the machine. The processes necessary to make the design successful are outlined and the 3D model is carried out using CAD software. The electrical design of the tube printing machine is put forward to illustrate the wiring and electronic/electrical components of the machine.

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Selema, Ahmed, Mohamed N. Ibrahim, and Peter Sergeant. "Development of Novel Semi-Stranded Windings for High Speed Electrical Machines Enabled by Additive Manufacturing." Applied Sciences 13, no. 3 (January 28, 2023): 1653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13031653.

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Recent advances in electrical machines and energy storage technologies make electric vehicles (EVs) feasible replacements to conventional internal combustion engines. One of the main challenges of high speed electrical machines is providing maximum output power with minimum energy losses, weight, and volume. At high frequency operation, the conductors of AC electrical machines can suffer from skin and proximity effects. This results in high AC losses in the machine windings and can eventually lead to machine failure. In this paper, a novel design for a semi-stranded coil is proposed to limit these undesirable effects. Enabled by additive manufacturing (AM) technology, this sophisticated design is 3D printed using ultralight aluminum alloy. Finally, the AC performance of this coil is measured and compared with conventional single-strand copper coil at different frequency levels. It is found that the proposed design can effectively limit the eddy current losses in the high frequency domain.

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Vavilov, Vyacheslav, Flyur Ismagilov, Iskander Garipov, Egor Pronin, Alexander Argakov, Ildus Sayakhov, and Oksana Yushkova. "Design of an External Centrifugal Fan for the Cooling System of an Electrical Machine." E3S Web of Conferences 446 (2023): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202344602001.

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Air cooling systems for electrical machines still do not lose their relevance. Especially noteworthy here is the aviation industry, in which special attention is paid to the weight and size of all systems, as well as the high density of equipment layout, which can interfere with the implementation of other types of cooling. At such times, only air cooling can be used to ensure the optimum operating temperature of the electrical machine. This article presents a research work on the profiling of blades for an external centrifugal fan of the air-cooling system of an electrical machine. The study is based on 3D numerical calculations using computational fluid dynamics software. Based on the results obtained, a design option was chosen that provides maximum performance.

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Pham, Thang, Patrick Kwon, and Shanelle Foster. "Additive Manufacturing and Topology Optimization of Magnetic Materials for Electrical Machines—A Review." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 6, 2021): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020283.

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Additive manufacturing has many advantages over traditional manufacturing methods and has been increasingly used in medical, aerospace, and automotive applications. The flexibility of additive manufacturing technologies to fabricate complex geometries from copper, polymer, and ferrous materials presents unique opportunities for new design concepts and improved machine power density without significantly increasing production and prototyping cost. Topology optimization investigates the optimal distribution of single or multiple materials within a defined design space, and can lead to unique geometries not realizable with conventional optimization techniques. As an enabling technology, additive manufacturing provides an opportunity for machine designers to overcome the current manufacturing limitation that inhibit adoption of topology optimization. Successful integration of additive manufacturing and topology optimization for fabricating magnetic components for electrical machines can enable new tools for electrical machine designers. This article presents a comprehensive review of the latest achievements in the application of additive manufacturing, topology optimization, and their integration for electrical machines and their magnetic components.

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Li, Dong Wei, Sen Li, and Xiao Min Chen. "Design and Modal Analysis of Automatic Cleaning Wall Mechanism." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 2059–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.2059.

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As people’s living pace becoming faster and faster in modern society, a lot of machines which can substitute human beings, such as washing machine, dishwasher, have appeared. These machines can greatly save people the necessary labor times. The automatic cleaning wall mechanism which is studied in this paper belongs to a category of cleaning machine. It aims to clean the body cavity wall of a square. The primary research includes the mechanical structure design, the electrical control system design, and modal analysis for this mechanism in order to avoid resonance phenomena occurred between motors and bodies. At last, via experimental running, this mechanism can move forward according to our predetermined trajectory.

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Szucs, Aron, Zlatko Kolondzovski, Jan Westerlund, and Juha Vahala. "Diamond enriched lamination and winding insulation for electrical machines." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 38, no. 4 (July 1, 2019): 1245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-10-2018-0397.

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Purpose The thermal management of electrical insulations poses a challenge in electrical devices as electrical insulators are also thermal insulators. Diamond is the best solid electrical insulator and thermal conductor. This can lead to a paradigm change for electrical machine winding and lamination insulation design and thermal management. The paper introduces these techniques and discusses its effect for the design of electrical machines and its potential consequences for electromagnetic analysis, for example, in multi-physics modelling. The diamond winding insulation is patent-pending, but the diamond enriched lamination insulation is published for the benefit of the scientific community. Design/methodology/approach The windings of electrical machines are insulated to avoid contact between the coil and other conductive components, for example, the stator core. The principle of using mica tape and resin impregnation has not changed for a century and is well established to produce main insulation on a complex conductor shape and size. These insulations have poor heat-conducting properties. Similarly, the insulation of laminated steel sheets comprising the stator and rotor restrict heat flow. Diamond-based insulation provides a new path. Increased thermal conductivity means reduced temperature rise and the reduced thermal time constants in multi-physics simulations and system analysis. Findings The largest benefit of a diamond-based core insulation is in electrical machines in which the losses are conducted axially to the coolant. These are machines with radial ducts and effective cooling in the end regions. The main benefit will be in reducing the number of radial ducts that positively affect the size, production costs and the copper losses of the machine. The increased thermal conductivity of the diamond insulation system will reduce the thermal constants noticeably. These will affect system behavior and the corresponding simulation methods. Originality/value Diamond insulation can lead to a paradigm change for electrical machine winding and lamination insulation design and thermal management. It might also lead to new modeling requirements in system analysis.

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Lehmann, Robert, Moritz Künzler, Matthias Moullion, and Frank Gauterin. "Comparison of Commonly Used Cooling Concepts for Electrical Machines in Automotive Applications." Machines 10, no. 6 (June 2, 2022): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10060442.

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The thermal design of electrical machines has numerous influencing factors. This paper compares different cooling methods, their volume flow rates and other machine parameters with regard to the continuous power of a PMSM. Understanding the characteristics of different heat sinks depending on their operating point is important for an expedient design in order to avoid derating due to overtemperatures. As a design guideline, this contribution shows the influence of stator cooling jackets, rotor shaft cooling and direct end winding cooling for different machine lengths and volume flow rates. Both water and oil are investigated as coolants. With increasing machine dimensions, end winding cooling becomes less effective for heat sources in the center of the machine while the heat transferred in the cooling jacket increases. A sensitivity study of other machine parameters, such as the maximum allowed magnet temperature or the coolant inlet temperature, improves the understanding of the reader as to how the continuous power of a PMSM can be increased when the rotor temperature limits the performance.

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Martis, Radu, Florin Pop-Piglesan, Sorin Cosman, and Claudia Martis. "Considerations on design, development and testing of Electrical Machines for automotive HVAC." MATEC Web of Conferences 322 (2020): 01042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032201042.

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HVAC represents one of the highest energy consumer in a vehicle and for full electric vehicles, the design of HVAC and the dimensioning of its driving system is of utmost importance in order to avoid the limitation of driving range. Due to its advantages, especially when it comes to power density, PMSM is one of the most used electrical machines for a wide range of automotive applications, including HVAC systems. The paper presents the generation of the requirements, design, analysis and HiL testing of a PMSM for HVAC applications. The challenge is to develop a machine answering to the requirements for an electric vehicle HVAC at low- voltage. An experimental model of the machine was tested using a test- bench, based on HiL techniques.

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Nell, Martin, Alexander Kubin, and Kay Hameyer. "Multi-Stage Optimization of Induction Machines Using Methods for Model and Parameter Selection." Energies 14, no. 17 (September 4, 2021): 5537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175537.

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Optimization methods are increasingly used for the design process of electrical machines. The quality of the optimization result and the necessary simulation effort depend on the optimization methods, machine models and optimization parameters used. This paper presents a multi-stage optimization environment for the design optimization of induction machines. It uses the strategies of simulated annealing, evolution strategy and pattern search. Artificial neural networks are used to reduce the solution effort of the optimization. The selection of the electromagnetic machine model is made in each optimization stage using a methodical model selection approach. The selection of the optimization parameters is realized by a methodical parameter selection approach. The optimization environment is applied on the basis of an optimization for the design of an electric traction machine using the example of an induction machine and its suitability for the design of a machine is verified by a comparison with a reference machine.

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Amin, I. "The Finite Element Contribution to Electrical Machine Design.(Dept.E)." MEJ. Mansoura Engineering Journal 14, no. 1 (May 24, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2021.171820.

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Di Barba, Paolo, Michal Bonislawski, Ryszard Palka, Piotr Paplicki, and Marcin Wardach. "Design of Hybrid Excited Synchronous Machine for Electrical Vehicles." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 51, no. 8 (August 2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2015.2424392.

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Leonard, P. J., and M. B. Norton. "An object oriented approach to parameterized electrical machine design." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 36, no. 4 (July 2000): 1687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.877767.

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Levchenko, Larysa, Nataliia Ausheva, Nataliia Karaieva, Valentyn Glyva, and Nataliia Burdeina. "MODELING OF THE EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD OF ELECTRIC MACHINES." Advanced Information Systems 8, no. 1 (February 26, 2024): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2522-9052.2024.1.03.

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Powerful electric machines – such as electric generators, electric motors generate a magnetic field of great tension. These fields negatively effect on personnel and can to violate the stability of electronic equipment. To determine safe areas for workers, laying communication cables and placing sensitive electronic equipment, it is advisable to model the propagation of magnetic fields of electrical machines. This will make it possible to rationalize the placing of electrical equipment at design stages. The most common high-power electrical machines are four-pole electrical machines with a dipole-quadrupole structure of the external magnetic field. The purpose of the research is a development of models of the propagation of the external magnetic field generated by alternating current electric machines. Results of the research: it is substantiated that to simulate the propagation of the magnetic field of electric machines, it is advisable to use the Gauss equation for the magnetic scalar potential. This will make it possible to take into account the required number of spatial harmonics of the magnetic field to ensure an acceptable calculation error. An electric machine is considered in a spherical approximation. Calculations were carried out in spherical coordinates. The distances were determined in relative radii of the electric machine - the ratio of the radius of the machine to the definition of field strength. The calculations were made for two planes of spherical coordinates and a three-dimensional image was obtained. As a result of the simulation, it is possible to determine the magnetic field strength of a four-pole electric machine at selected distances and directions around the electric machine with the required accuracy. It has been established that there are points of zero external magnetic field strength around electrical machines. Verification of the simulation results was carried out using the method of full-scale measurements of the magnetic field strength around a real four-pole machine. The measurement results showed acceptable agreement with the calculated data. Conclusions: the chosen approach and the results of modeling the propagation of the external magnetic field of electrical machines can be used to design the placement of electrical equipment, taking into account the requirements for electromagnetic safety and electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment.

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Adebayo, Fatuase Fiyinfoluwa. "Design and Fabrication of a Cost Effective Lab Rock Cutting and Polishing Machine." Brilliant Engineering 4, no. 1 (February 15, 2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/ben.2023.4780.

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To meet some testing specifications, rock samples taken from an in-situ rock mass must be cored and polished into standard sizes. The sample length, smoothness, diameter, and thickness are examples of such specifications. All of these specifications have an impact on the test result and the achievement of the test goal. As a result, rock polishing and cutting operations are required in the laboratory to prepare and work on various types of samples. Most of the time, these machines are built differently, which is efficient but costly, rigorous, and takes volume and shape in the laboratory. A specimen-cutting and polishing machine was designed and built to help researchers obtain mineral/rock specimens for strength testing. This machine is made up of an electric motor, a diamond cutting disc, and an electric pump for water cooling. To convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, a 1.15KW electric motor was used. A central electrical distribution grid provides alternating current to an electrical motor. The designed machine used a 380V, 50Hz electric motor with a rotating speed of 1.83 m/min and a torque of 109.38 KN. The cutting machine was designed and built to cut and polish different materials in order to obtain specimens for strength tests and structure inspection.

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Kagdin, V. N., R. A. Maleyev, A. N. Zimin, S. M. Zuyev, and D. R. Yakhutl'. "Starter-generator sets of modern vehicles." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 15, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/2074-0530-2021-50-4-27-32.

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This article describes the purpose and applications of the starter generator set. The modes of operation of a starter-generator set are considered both as a sequential excitation direct current electric motor, which rotates the shaft of an internal combustion engine, and as a generator, when an electric machine operates as a direct current source of independent excitation, supplying power to electric control circuits, electric motors of auxiliary electrical equipment, lighting and battery charging. Additional functions of a starter-generator set in the form of a start-stop system, regenerative braking, booster acceleration of a vehicle, damping of torsional moments of the shaft of an internal combustion engine and control of energy flows in the on-board network were studied. The choice and substantiation of the optimal scheme, as well as the design of the starter-generator device, were carried out. The main technical and economic parameters of the starter-generator set were determined. The design of a starter-generator set was presented. This design is a reversible electric machine. A block diagram of a starter-generator set was developed. Electrical machines used for starter-generator sets are considered. The design of an asynchronous machine with a squirrel-cage rotor, a synchronous machine with electromagnetic excitation, a valve machine with permanent magnets, a contactless machine, a synchronous machine with permanent magnets, and a valve machine with self-excitation are described. A review and analysis of electrical machines used in starter-generator sets of leading foreign companies is carried out. The design of a reversible induction-dynamic machine is considered. The rotor rotates outside, and not inside the motor and is a short-circuited winding with a cast aluminum cage. The calculation of the main parameters of a reversible induction-dynamic machine was carried out both in the starting and in the generator modes. The calculation using a method similar to that of an induction motor was carried out.

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Ji, Ren Jie, Yong Hong Liu, Chao Zheng, Fei Wang, and Yan Zhen Zhang. "Design of the Tool for End Electrical Discharge Milling and Mechanical Grinding Compound Machining of Engineering Ceramics." Advanced Materials Research 664 (February 2013): 806–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.806.

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Advanced engineering ceramics have been widely used in modern industry due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. However, they are difficult to machine due to their high hardness and brittleness. End electrical discharge milling and mechanical grinding compound machining method is employed to machine SiC ceramic in this paper. The process is able to effectively machine a large surface area on SiC ceramic. Furthermore, the tool for the compound machining of SiC ceramic is designed based on the goal of the higher material removal rate, the lower tool wear, and the better machined surface quality. The results show that with the designed tool for the compound machining, the higher material removal rate, the lower tool wear, and the better machined surface quality can be obtained.

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Zhang, Xuebei, David Gerada, Zeyuan Xu, Fengyu Zhang, and Chris Gerada. "A Review of Carbon Emissions from Electrical Machine Materials." Electronics 13, no. 9 (April 29, 2024): 1714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13091714.

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As the world embarks on a global mission to tackle climate change, reducing carbon represents a key challenge given the escalating global warming. The U.K. is among many other nations that are determined to decarbonise all sectors and strive to achieve a net zero carbon target by 2050. While much attention has been paid to improving performance and reducing carbon emissions in electrical machines, the current research landscape focuses mainly on the thermal and electromagnetic facets. Surprisingly, carbon emissions from the production stage, especially those related to raw material consumption, remain a largely unexplored area. This paper wishes to shed light on a neglected dimension by providing a comprehensive review of carbon emissions in the manufacture of electrical machines, thus contributing significantly to the wider discourse on carbon emission reduction by comparing the carbon emission values associated with various materials commonly used for the main components of these machines. A further case study is included to assess and explore the impact of material alterations on a synchronous machine, from a carbon emission perspective. A reliable material guide will provide engineers at the design stage with the critical insight needed to make informed material selection decisions, highlighting the critical role of carbon emission values beyond conventional thermal and electromagnetic considerations, achieving sustainable and environmentally conscious electrical machine design.

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Laksar, Jan, Radek Cermak, and Karel Hruska. "Challenges in the Electromagnetic Design of Multiphase Machines: Winding and Equivalent Circuit Parameters." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 4, 2021): 7335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217335.

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The usage of multiphase electrical drives expands the operation possibilities of electrical machines and opens new directions of research on inverter-fed electrical machines. With an increasing number of phases, the standard approach of the electromagnetic design of machines has to be generalized to m-phase systems, which is not usually respected in the literature focused on electric machine design, and it is rarely published. This paper summarizes the specific problems linked with the design of machines with different numbers of phases, focusing on the winding design and the calculation of equivalent circuit parameters. In addition to the direct effect of different numbers of phases, the impact of injecting higher order time harmonic components on the electromagnetic design of electric machines is analyzed. The obtained analytical results are verified by the measurement of a nine-phase experimental induction motor.

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Orosz, Tamás, and Zoltán Ádám Tamus. "Non-linear Impact of the Short Circuit Impedance Selection on the Cost Optimized Power Transformer Design." Periodica Polytechnica Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 64, no. 3 (February 17, 2020): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppee.15331.

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Since the electrical machine design is a complex task it can be divided into sub-problems, e.g. preliminary and final design processes and checking of the final design. This paper deals with the preliminary design process, which provides the key-design parameters of the electrical machine. Traditionally, these electrical machine models in preliminary design phase neglect or use oversimplified insulation system models and the tap changing selection is not involved during the calculation of key-design parameters. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of the insulation distance minimization and tap-changing on the key design parameters of a cost-optimized large power transformer. For this purpose, the paper shows some examples, where the cost optimal design — in contrast to the classical insulation design rule — contains larger insulation distances than the possible minimum values. The effect of tap-changing methods are also investigated. These cost optimization made by a verified, metaheuristic method-based transformer optimization algorithm. The results show involving the insulation design and tap-changing selection into the preliminary design process can provide more economical designs.

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Guo, Youguang, Lin Liu, Xin Ba, Haiyan Lu, Gang Lei, Pejush Sarker, and Jianguo Zhu. "Characterization of Rotational Magnetic Properties of Amorphous Metal Materials for Advanced Electrical Machine Design and Analysis." Energies 15, no. 20 (October 21, 2022): 7798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15207798.

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Amorphous metal (AM), specifically amorphous ferromagnetic metal, is considered as a satisfactory magnetic material for exploring electromagnetic devices with high-efficiency and high-power density, such as electrical machines and transformers, benefits from its various advantages, such as reasonably low power loss and very high permeability in medium to high frequency. However, the characteristics of these materials have not been investigated comprehensively, which limits its application prospects to good-performance electrical machines that have the magnetic flux density with generally rotational and non-sinusoidal features. The appropriate characterization of AMs under different magnetizations is among the fundamentals for utilizing these materials in electrical machines. This paper aims to extensively overview AM property measurement techniques in the presence of various magnetization patterns, particularly rotational magnetizations, and AM property modeling methods for advanced electrical machine design and analysis. Possible future research tasks are also discussed for further improving AM applications.

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Guo, Youguang, Lin Liu, Xin Ba, Haiyan Lu, Gang Lei, Wenliang Yin, and Jianguo Zhu. "Measurement and Modeling of Magnetic Materials under 3D Vectorial Magnetization for Electrical Machine Design and Analysis." Energies 16, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010417.

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The magnetic properties of magnetic cores are essential for the design of electrical machines, and consequently appropriate mathematical modeling is needed. Usually, the design and analysis of electrical machines consider only the one-dimensional (1D) magnetic properties of core materials, i.e., the relationship of magnetic flux density (B) versus magnetic field strength (H), and their associated power loss under 1D magnetization, in which the B and H are constrained in the same orientation. Some studies have also been performed with the two-dimensional (2D) magnetizations in which the B and H are vectorial, rotating on a plane, and they may not be in the same direction. It has been discovered that the 2D rotational property is very different from its 1D alternating counterpart. However, the magnetic fields in an electrical machine, in particular claw pole and transverse flux machines, are naturally three-dimensional (3D), and the B and H vectors are rotational and may not lie on the same plane. It can be expected that the 3D vectorial property might be different from its 2D or 1D counterpart, and hence it should be investigated for the interests of both academic research and engineering application. This paper targets at a general summary about the magnetic material characterization with 3D vectorial magnetization, and their application prospect in electrical machine design and analysis.

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Lei, Jun, Min Luo, Rong Jia, and Yue Min Wu. "Design of Boring Machine Electrical Control System Based on Omron PLC." Applied Mechanics and Materials 733 (February 2015): 656–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.733.656.

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Deep whole boring machine is a kind of special machine for processing cylindrical parts. In this paper, considering the factory actual situation, an electrical control systems of deep hole boring machine that combine the relays, contactors and PLC control together is designed based on Omron PLC. In addition, using the touch screen monitor, reliability and flexibility of the electric system is improved.

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Jurca, Florin Nicolae, Radu Petru Hangiu, and Claudia Martis. "Design and Performance Analysis of an Integrated Starter-Alternator for Hybrid Electric Vehicles." Advanced Engineering Forum 8-9 (June 2013): 453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.8-9.453.

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In automotive applications, the requirements for the electrical machines are about performance and reliability - the permanent magnet synchronous machines ensure these requirements are fulfilled. The approach of the present paper is to analyze the permanent synchronous machines suited for the integrated starter-alternator (ISA) applications. The study design requires some analytical, followed by a numerical analysis and also a finite element method in order to achieve the performances of the machine. The operation modes of an ISA system and the constraints for an electric machine acting as an ISA are detailed. Finally a model for a ISA hybrid vehicle, developed in AMESim is presented and the results of a simulated drive cycle are presented.

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Wardach, Marcin, Ryszard Palka, Piotr Paplicki, and Michal Bonislawski. "Novel hybrid excited machine with flux barriers in rotor structure." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 37, no. 4 (July 2, 2018): 1489–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-08-2017-0364.

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Purpose Permanent magnet (PM) electrical machines are becoming one of the most popular type of the machines used in electrical vehicle drive applications. The main drawback of permanent magnet machines, despite obvious advantages, is associated with the flux control capability, which is limited at high rotor speeds of the machine. This paper aims to present a new arrangement of permanent magnets and flux barriers in the rotor structure to improve the field weakening control of hybrid excited machines. The field weakening characteristics, back-emf waveforms and efficiency maps of this novel machine have been reported. Design/methodology/approach In the study, finite element analysis was used to perform simulation research. Then, based on the simulation studies, an experimental model was built. The paper also presents selected experimental results. Findings Obtained results show that the proposed machine topology and novel control strategy can offer an effective flux control method allowing to extend the maximal rotational speed of the machine at constant power range. Practical implications The proposed solution can be used in electric vehicles drive to extend its torque and speed range. Originality/value The paper presents original design and results of research on a new solution of a hybrid excited machine with magnetic barriers in a rotor.

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Muhammad, Uais Sabilah, and Bambang Purwahyudi. "Design of Solar Power Plant for Electricity Source of The Drying Machine." JEECS (Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences) 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 1081–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.54732/jeecs.v6i2.202.

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The increasing demand for electrical energy and the development of power generation technology have caused to the development of micro-scale industries increasing in Indonesia. The development of this micro-scale industries are expected to be able to utilize electrical energy from solar panels as the main source of electrical energy. In this paper, solar panels are used as a source of electrical energy in the drying machine. Utilization of solar panels aims to reduce production costs where solar energy is absorbed through solar panel as the main source of electrical energy for drying machine. In addition, the use of solar energy aims to make the drying machine continuously operate. This drying machine uses a heater of 700Watt and is operated during 4 hours. From the calculation results of the solar power plant system design are obtained the capacity battery of 300 Ah, the capacity solar cells of 10x100 Wp, the capacity inverter of 700 watt and the Solar Charger Controller (SCC) of 60 amperes.

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Arshad, Waqas M., Thomas Ryckebush, Arvid Broddefalk, Freddy Magnussen, Heinz Lendenmann, and Magnus Lindenmo. "Characterization of electrical steel grades for direct application to electrical machine design tools." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 320, no. 20 (October 2008): 2538–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2008.04.005.

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Seyler, Tobias, Johannes Engler, Tobias Beckmann, Markus Fratz, Alexander Bertz, and Daniel Carl. "HoloPort – design and integration of a digital holographic 3-D sensor in machine tools." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 9, no. 1 (February 7, 2020): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-33-2020.

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Abstract. Manufacturing of high-precision components requires accuracies that even the most modern processing machines are often unable to deliver reliably. Slightly worn tools, incorrectly calibrated sensors or even different trajectories can lead to results that do not comply with the desired specifications. However, quality control is still mainly performed on randomized samples outside the machine tool in special measuring rooms. Therefore, closed-loop quality control becomes a cumbersome iterative process. With HoloPort, we present a digital holographic sensor system that is capable of measuring the complete topography of machined components with sub-micrometer precision directly inside a tooling machine. To our knowledge, HoloPort is the first wireless interferometric sensor inside a machine tool worldwide. As it is fully integrated, it features not only a multiwavelength interferometer but also a miniaturized graphics processing unit (GPU). This allows for full data evaluation directly in the sensor. A single measurement is taken and processed within 3 s during wireless operation. HoloPort is easy to integrate into a variety of machine tools. This contribution includes detailed information about the sensor architecture. Experimental results on milled parts demonstrate the performance of the system and illustrate possible inline applications as well as future perspectives for the sensor.

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Manne, Bharathi, Malligunta Kiran Kumar, and Udochukwu B. Akuru. "Design and Performance Assessment of a Small-Scale Ferrite-PM Flux Reversal Wind Generator." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 23, 2020): 5565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215565.

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Currently, there is increasing research interest in harnessing wind energy for power generation by means of non-conventional electrical machines e.g., flux-reversal machines. The flux reversal machine is usually designed using scarce rare–earth permanent magnet material which may be unattractive in terms of machine cost. In this study, an attempt is made to re-design the flux reversal machine with non-rare-earth ferrite permanent magnet for wind energy applications. Because these machines possess high cogging torque, which results in vibration and noise, that are detrimental to the machine performance, especially at low speeds, a novel combined skewed and circumferential rotor pole pairing method is developed. The proposed cogging torque reduction method is implemented in 2-dimensional finite element analysis modeling and comparatively analyzed with other existing stand-alone methods viz., skewing, and rotor pole pairing. The results show that the proposed method led to 94.8% and 71% reduction in the cogging torque and torque ripple compared to the reference generator, respectively. However, the calculated torque density is reduced by 13%. Overall, the electromagnetic performance of the proposed ferrite PM machine exhibits desirable qualities as an alternative design for the direct drive wind generator.

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Shao, Shufeng. "Analysis and Design of Cooperative Control Solutions for Electrical Systems of Laser CNC Machines." Shock and Vibration 2022 (July 1, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1423767.

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In order to further improve the collaborative control efficiency of the electrical system of the laser CNC machine tool, an electrical system based on the ultrafast laser CNC machine tool is proposed. The design of the collaborative control scheme is discussed from three aspects: the overall control scheme design, hardware structure design, and control software implementation of the electrical system of the laser numerical control machine tool. The experimental results show that the length of the metal sheet processed by the electrical system of the laser CNC machine tool is 5.3 cm and the width is about 3.6 cm, and the actual processing aperture size will also change according to the set number of variable radius turns, and more precise processing can be enabled in the online test. The research results show that this electrical collaborative control system scheme has strong practicability and feasibility. With the help of system upgrades and optimization, the efficient integration of laser processing technology and numerical control technology can be better achieved. It should be noted that the machining process of the machine tool is also required to make in-depth improvements, which can maximize the operating efficiency and machining accuracy of the electrical system of the CNC machine tool. The laser CNC machine tool researched and developed in this paper verifies the rationality and feasibility of the collaborative control scheme through practical experiments, which can meet the processing requirements and realize the integration of laser processing technology and numerical control technology. High machining efficiency and machining accuracy.

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Ritunjoy Bhuyan. "Design Procedure of A Permanent Magnet D.C. Commutator Motor." International Journal of Science and Society 3, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v3i1.262.

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Electrical machine with electro magnet as excitation system many problems out of which, less efficiency is a major one. Self excited dc machine has to sacrifice some power for excitation system as a result, power available for useful work become less. This problem can be solved to some extent whatever may be the amount , by using permanent magnet for the excitation system of dc machine and there by contributing towards the conservation of conventional energy sources which are alarmingly decrease day by day . Using of permanent magnet in the electrical machine helps in burning of less conventional fossil fuel and contributes indirectly in conservation of air-pollution free environment. With permanent magnet dc motor, the efficiency of the machine also rise up considerably. This paper is an effort to give a computer aided design procedure of permanent magnet dc motor.

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Arnoux, Pierre-Hadrien, Pierre Caillard, and Frederic Gillon. "Modeling Finite-Element Constraint to Run an Electrical Machine Design Optimization Using Machine Learning." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 51, no. 3 (March 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2014.2364031.

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Liu, Zhen Yong, Hong Qiang Sun, Shuan Liang Feng, and Mei Yang. "Electrical Control System Design of Automatic Piston Ring Chamfering Machine." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 1095–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.1095.

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This paper describes the work Principle of the automatic piston ring chamfering machine，It describes detailed hardware, software design of electrical control system of the machine using MCU，The system realizes functions automaticly such as loading and unloading, piston ring’s plastic, piston ring’s pressure tight, piston ring’s chamfer, stopping short positions alarm, fault alarm, and the communication between the device and host computer.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Electrical machine design'

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