Journal articles: 'Electroactive bacteria'

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Cordas, Cristina M., L. Tiago Guerra, Catarina Xavier, and José J. G. Moura. "Electroactive biofilms of sulphate reducing bacteria." Electrochimica Acta 54, no. 1 (December 2008): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.02.041.

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Sydow, Anne, Thomas Krieg, Florian Mayer, Jens Schrader, and Dirk Holtmann. "Electroactive bacteria—molecular mechanisms and genetic tools." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 98, no. 20 (August 20, 2014): 8481–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-6005-z.

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Catania, Chelsea, Amruta A. Karbelkar, and Ariel L. Furst. "Engineering the interface between electroactive bacteria and electrodes." Joule 5, no. 4 (April 2021): 743–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2021.02.001.

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Gaffney, Erin M., Olja Simoska, and Shelley D. Minteer. "The Use of Electroactive Halophilic Bacteria for Improvements and Advancements in Environmental High Saline Biosensing." Biosensors 11, no. 2 (February 12, 2021): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11020048.

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Halophilic bacteria are remarkable organisms that have evolved strategies to survive in high saline concentrations. These bacteria offer many advances for microbial-based biotechnologies and are commonly used for industrial processes such as compatible solute synthesis, biofuel production, and other microbial processes that occur in high saline environments. Using halophilic bacteria in electrochemical systems offers enhanced stability and applications in extreme environments where common electroactive microorganisms would not survive. Incorporating halophilic bacteria into microbial fuel cells has become of particular interest for renewable energy generation and self-powered biosensing since many wastewaters can contain fluctuating and high saline concentrations. In this perspective, we highlight the evolutionary mechanisms of halophilic microorganisms, review their application in microbial electrochemical sensing, and offer future perspectives and directions in using halophilic electroactive microorganisms for high saline biosensing.

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Zhang, Chun-Lian, Yang-Yang Yu, Zhen Fang, Saraschandra Naraginti, Yunhai Zhang, and Yang-Chun Yong. "Recent advances in nitroaromatic pollutants bioreduction by electroactive bacteria." Process Biochemistry 70 (July 2018): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2018.04.019.

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Li, Nan, Yuxuan Wan, and Xin Wang. "Nutrient conversion and recovery from wastewater using electroactive bacteria." Science of The Total Environment 706 (March 2020): 135690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135690.

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Yates, Matthew D., Lina J. Bird, Brian J. Eddie, Elizabeth L. Onderko, Christopher A. Voigt, and Sarah M. Glaven. "Nanoliter scale electrochemistry of natural and engineered electroactive bacteria." Bioelectrochemistry 137 (February 2021): 107644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107644.

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Aguirre-Sierra, A., T. Bacchetti-De Gregoris, A. Berná, J. J. Salas, C. Aragón, and A. Esteve-Núñez. "Microbial electrochemical systems outperform fixed-bed biofilters in cleaning up urban wastewater." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 2, no. 6 (2016): 984–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ew00172f.

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Wibowo, Arie, Gusti U. N. Tajalla, Maradhana A. Marsudi, Glen Cooper, Lia A. T. W. Asri, Fengyuan Liu, Husaini Ardy, and Paulo J. D. S. Bartolo. "Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Extract of Cilembu Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L var. Rancing) as Potential Filler for 3D Printed Electroactive and Anti-Infection Scaffolds." Molecules 26, no. 7 (April 2, 2021): 2042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26072042.

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Electroactive biomaterials are fascinating for tissue engineering applications because of their ability to deliver electrical stimulation directly to cells, tissue, and organs. One particularly attractive conductive filler for electroactive biomaterials is silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) because of their high conductivity, antibacterial activity, and ability to promote bone healing. However, production of AgNPs involves a toxic reducing agent which would inhibit biological scaffold performance. This work explores facile and green synthesis of AgNPs using extract of Cilembu sweet potato and studies the effect of baking and precursor concentrations (1, 10 and 100 mM) on AgNPs’ properties. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) results revealed that the smallest particle size of AgNPs (9.95 ± 3.69 nm) with nodular morphology was obtained by utilization of baked extract and ten mM AgNO3. Polycaprolactone (PCL)/AgNPs scaffolds exhibited several enhancements compared to PCL scaffolds. Compressive strength was six times greater (3.88 ± 0.42 MPa), more hydrophilic (contact angle of 76.8 ± 1.7°), conductive (2.3 ± 0.5 × 10−3 S/cm) and exhibited anti-bacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC3658 (99.5% reduction of surviving bacteria). Despite the promising results, further investigation on biological assessment is required to obtain comprehensive study of this scaffold. This green synthesis approach together with the use of 3D printing opens a new route to manufacture AgNPs-based electroactive with improved anti-bacterial properties without utilization of any toxic organic solvents.

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Sanchez, Jérémie-Luc, and Christel Laberty-Robert. "A novel microbial fuel cell electrode design: prototyping a self-standing one-step bacteria-encapsulating bioanode with electrospinning." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 9, no. 21 (2021): 4309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tb00680k.

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A microbial fuel cell bioanode encapsulating electroactive bacteria in core–shell fibers mixed with a conductive scaffold was electrospun. This new design opens up perspectives of storable ready-to-use anodes for portable applications.

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Li, Tian, Fan Chen, Qixing Zhou, Xin Wang, Chengmei Liao, Lean Zhou, Lili Wan, Jingkun An, Yuxuan Wan, and Nan Li. "Unignorable toxicity of formaldehyde on electroactive bacteria in bioelectrochemical systems." Environmental Research 183 (April 2020): 109143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.109143.

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Fernandes, Tomás M., Leonor Morgado, David L. Turner, and Carlos A. Salgueiro. "Protein Engineering of Electron Transfer Components from Electroactive Geobacter Bacteria." Antioxidants 10, no. 6 (May 25, 2021): 844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10060844.

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Electrogenic microorganisms possess unique redox biological features, being capable of transferring electrons to the cell exterior and converting highly toxic compounds into nonhazardous forms. These microorganisms have led to the development of Microbial Electrochemical Technologies (METs), which include applications in the fields of bioremediation and bioenergy production. The optimization of these technologies involves efforts from several different disciplines, ranging from microbiology to materials science. Geobacter bacteria have served as a model for understanding the mechanisms underlying the phenomenon of extracellular electron transfer, which is highly dependent on a multitude of multiheme cytochromes (MCs). MCs are, therefore, logical targets for rational protein engineering to improve the extracellular electron transfer rates of these bacteria. However, the presence of several heme groups complicates the detailed redox characterization of MCs. In this Review, the main characteristics of electroactive Geobacter bacteria, their potential to develop microbial electrochemical technologies and the main features of MCs are initially highlighted. This is followed by a detailed description of the current methodologies that assist the characterization of the functional redox networks in MCs. Finally, it is discussed how this information can be explored to design optimal Geobacter-mutated strains with improved capabilities in METs.

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Li, Shan-Wei, Xing Zhang, and Guo-Ping Sheng. "Silver nanoparticles formation by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from electroactive bacteria." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 23, no. 9 (January 22, 2016): 8627–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6105-7.

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Jamlus, N. I. I. M., M. N. Masri, S. K. Wee, and N. F. Shoparwe. "Electricity Generation by Locally Isolated Electroactive Bacteria in Microbial Fuel Cell." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 765, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 012115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/765/1/012115.

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GEHRING, ANDREW G., and SHU-I. TU. "Enzyme-Linked Immunomagnetic Electrochemical Detection of Live Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Apple Juice†." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.1.146.

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We describe the application of enzyme-linked immunomagnetic electrochemistry (ELIME) for the rapid detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in buffered apple juice. The ELIME technique entails sandwiching bacterial analyte between antibody-coated magnetic beads and an alkaline phosphatase–conjugated antibody. The beads (with or without bound bacteria) were localized onto the surface of magnetized graphite ink electrodes in a multiwell plate format. The enzyme substrate, 1-naphthyl phosphate, was added, and conversion of substrate to an electroactive product was measured using electrochemical detection. With this technique, detection of whole, live E. coli O157:H7 bacterial cells was achieved with a minimum detectable level of ca. 5 × 103 cells per ml in Tris-buffered saline or buffered apple juice in an assay time of ca. 80 min. With adjustment of pH, the ELIME response for the bacteria in either sampling medium was similar, indicating that apple juice components did not contribute to any discernible sample matrix effects.

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Pinck, Stéphane, Lucila Martínez Ostormujof, Sébastien Teychené, and Benjamin Erable. "Microfluidic Microbial Bioelectrochemical Systems: An Integrated Investigation Platform for a More Fundamental Understanding of Electroactive Bacterial Biofilms." Microorganisms 8, no. 11 (November 23, 2020): 1841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111841.

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It is the ambition of many researchers to finally be able to close in on the fundamental, coupled phenomena that occur during the formation and expression of electrocatalytic activity in electroactive biofilms. It is because of this desire to understand that bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have been miniaturized into microBES by taking advantage of the worldwide development of microfluidics. Microfluidics tools applied to bioelectrochemistry permit even more fundamental studies of interactions and coupled phenomena occurring at the microscale, thanks, in particular, to the concomitant combination of electroanalysis, spectroscopic analytical techniques and real-time microscopy that is now possible. The analytical microsystem is therefore much better suited to the monitoring, not only of electroactive biofilm formation but also of the expression and disentangling of extracellular electron transfer (EET) catalytic mechanisms. This article reviews the details of the configurations of microfluidic BESs designed for selected objectives and their microfabrication techniques. Because the aim is to manipulate microvolumes and due to the high modularity of the experimental systems, the interfacial conditions between electrodes and electrolytes are perfectly controlled in terms of physicochemistry (pH, nutrients, chemical effectors, etc.) and hydrodynamics (shear, material transport, etc.). Most of the theoretical advances have been obtained thanks to work carried out using models of electroactive bacteria monocultures, mainly to simplify biological investigation systems. However, a huge virgin field of investigation still remains to be explored by taking advantage of the capacities of microfluidic BESs regarding the complexity and interactions of mixed electroactive biofilms.

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Fang, Xin, Shafeer Kalathil, Giorgio Divitini, Qian Wang, and Erwin Reisner. "A three-dimensional hybrid electrode with electroactive microbes for efficient electrogenesis and chemical synthesis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 9 (February 12, 2020): 5074–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1913463117.

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Integration of electroactive bacteria into electrodes combines strengths of intracellular biochemistry with electrochemistry for energy conversion and chemical synthesis. However, such biohybrid systems are often plagued with suboptimal electrodes, which limits the incorporation and productivity of the bacterial colony. Here, we show that an inverse opal-indium tin oxide electrode hosts a large population of current-producingGeobacterand attains a current density of 3 mA cm−2stemming from bacterial respiration. Differential gene expression analysis revealedGeobacter’s transcriptional regulations to express more electron-relaying proteins when interfaced with electrodes. The electrode also allows coculturing withShewanellafor syntrophic electrogenesis, which grants the system additional flexibility in converting electron donors. The biohybrid electrode containingGeobactercan also catalyze the reduction of soluble fumarate and heterogenous graphene oxide, with electrons from an external power source or an irradiated photoanode. This biohybrid electrode represents a platform to employ live cells for sustainable power generation and biosynthesis.

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Joicy, Anna, Young-Chae Song, Jun Li, Sang-Eun Oh, Seong-Ho Jang, and Yongtae Ahn. "Effect of Electrostatic Field Strength on Bioelectrochemical Nitrogen Removal from Nitrogen-Rich Wastewater." Energies 13, no. 12 (June 21, 2020): 3218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13123218.

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The effect of electrostatic fields on the bioelectrochemical removal of ammonium and nitrite from nitrogen-rich wastewater was investigated at strengths ranging from 0.2 to 0.67 V/cm in bioelectrochemical anaerobic batch reactors. The electrostatic field enriched the bulk solution with electroactive bacteria, including ammonium oxidizing exoelectrogens (AOE) and denitritating electrotrophs (DNE). The electroactive bacteria removed ammonium and nitrite simultaneously with alkalinity consumption through biological direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) in the bulk solution. However, the total nitrogen (ammonium and nitrite) removal rate increased from 106.1 to 166.3 mg N/g volatile suspended solids (VSS).d as the electrostatic field strength increased from 0.2 to 0.67 V/cm. In the cyclic voltammogram, the redox peaks corresponding to the activities of AOE and DNE increased as the strength of the electrostatic field increased. Based on the microbial taxonomic profiling, the dominant genera involved in the bioelectrochemical nitrogen removal were identified as Pseudomonas, Petrimonas, DQ677001_g, Thiopseudomonas, Lentimicrobium, and Porphyromonadaceae_uc. This suggests that the electrostatic field of 0.67 V/cm significantly improves the bioelectrochemical nitrogen removal by enriching the bulk solution with AOE and DNE and promoting the biological DIET between them.

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Lebègue, Estelle, Nazua L. Costa, Ricardo O. Louro, and Frédéric Barrière. "Communication—Electrochemical Single Nano-Impacts of Electroactive Shewanella Oneidensis Bacteria onto Carbon Ultramicroelectrode." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 167, no. 10 (June 25, 2020): 105501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ab9e39.

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Moghiseh, Zohreh, and Abbas Rezaee. "Removal of aspirin from aqueous solution using electroactive bacteria induced by alternating current." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 20 (January 16, 2021): 25327–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11365-z.

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Ramírez-Vargas, Carlos, Amanda Prado, Carlos Arias, Pedro Carvalho, Abraham Esteve-Núñez, and Hans Brix. "Microbial Electrochemical Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: Principles and Evolution from Microbial Fuel Cells to Bioelectrochemical-Based Constructed Wetlands." Water 10, no. 9 (August 24, 2018): 1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10091128.

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Microbial electrochemical technologies (MET) rely on the presence of the metabolic activity of electroactive bacteria for the use of solid-state electrodes for oxidizing different kinds of compound that can lead to the synthesis of chemicals, bioremediation of polluted matrices, the treatment of contaminants of interest, as well as the recovery of energy. Keeping these possibilities in mind, there has been growing interest in the use of electrochemical technologies for wastewater treatment, if possible with simultaneous power generation, since the beginning of the present century. In the last few years, there has been growing interest in exploring the possibility of merging MET with constructed wetlands offering a new option of an intensified wetland system that could maintain a high performance with a lower footprint. Based on that interest, this paper explains the general principles of MET, and the different known extracellular electron transfer mechanisms ruling the interaction between electroactive bacteria and potential solid-state electron acceptors. It also looks at the adoption of those principles for the development of MET set-ups for simultaneous wastewater treatment and power generation, and the challenges that the technology faces. Ultimately, the most recent developments in setups that merge MET with constructed wetlands are presented and discussed.

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Faustino, Marisa M., Bruno M. Fonseca, Nazua L. Costa, Diana Lousa, Ricardo O. Louro, and Catarina M. Paquete. "Crossing the Wall: Characterization of the Multiheme Cytochromes Involved in the Extracellular Electron Transfer Pathway of Thermincola ferriacetica." Microorganisms 9, no. 2 (January 31, 2021): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020293.

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Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) are emerging as a suite of versatile sustainable technologies to produce electricity and added-value compounds from renewable and carbon-neutral sources using electroactive organisms. The incomplete knowledge on the molecular processes that allow electroactive organisms to exchange electrons with electrodes has prevented their real-world implementation. In this manuscript we investigate the extracellular electron transfer processes performed by the thermophilic Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the Thermincola genus, which were found to produce higher levels of current and tolerate higher temperatures in BES than mesophilic Gram-negative bacteria. In our study, three multiheme c-type cytochromes, Tfer_0070, Tfer_0075, and Tfer_1887, proposed to be involved in the extracellular electron transfer pathway of T. ferriacetica, were cloned and over-expressed in E. coli. Tfer_0070 (ImdcA) and Tfer_1887 (PdcA) were purified and biochemically characterized. The electrochemical characterization of these proteins supports a pathway of extracellular electron transfer via these two proteins. By contrast, Tfer_0075 (CwcA) could not be stabilized in solution, in agreement with its proposed insertion in the peptidoglycan wall. However, based on the homology with the outer-membrane cytochrome OmcS, a structural model for CwcA was developed, providing a molecular perspective into the mechanisms of electron transfer across the peptidoglycan layer in Thermincola.

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Angulo-Pineda, Carolina, Kasama Srirussamee, Patricia Palma, Victor M. Fuenzalida, Sarah H. Cartmell, and Humberto Palza. "Electroactive 3D Printed Scaffolds Based on Percolated Composites of Polycaprolactone with Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide for Antibacterial and Tissue Engineering Applications." Nanomaterials 10, no. 3 (February 28, 2020): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10030428.

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Applying electrical stimulation (ES) could affect different cellular mechanisms, thereby producing a bactericidal effect and an increase in human cell viability. Despite its relevance, this bioelectric effect has been barely reported in percolated conductive biopolymers. In this context, electroactive polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds with conductive Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide (TrGO) nanoparticles were obtained by a 3D printing method. Under direct current (DC) along the percolated scaffolds, a strong antibacterial effect was observed, which completely eradicated S. aureus on the surface of scaffolds. Notably, the same ES regime also produced a four-fold increase in the viability of human mesenchymal stem cells attached to the 3D conductive PCL/TrGO scaffold compared with the pure PCL scaffold. These results have widened the design of novel electroactive composite polymers that could both eliminate the bacteria adhered to the scaffold and increase human cell viability, which have great potential in tissue engineering applications.

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Di Domenico, Enea Gino, Gianluca Petroni, Daniele Mancini, Alberto Geri, Luca Di Palma, and Fiorentina Ascenzioni. "Development of Electroactive and Anaerobic Ammonium-Oxidizing (Anammox) Biofilms from Digestate in Microbial Fuel Cells." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/351014.

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Microbial Fuel cells (MFCs) have been proposed for nutrient removal and energy recovery from different wastes. In this study the anaerobic digestate was used to feed H-type MFC reactors, one with a graphite anode preconditioned withGeobacter sulfurreducensand the other with an unconditioned graphite anode. The data demonstrate that the digestate acts as a carbon source, and even in the absence of anode preconditioning, electroactive bacteria colonise the anodic chamber, producing a maximum power density of 172.2 mW/m2. The carbon content was also reduced by up to 60%, while anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria, which were found in the anodic compartment of the reactors, contributed to nitrogen removal from the digestate. Overall, these results demonstrate that MFCs can be used to recover anammox bacteria from natural sources, and it may represent a promising bioremediation unit in anaerobic digestor plants for the simultaneous nitrogen removal and electricity generation using digestate as substrate.

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An, Zhengkai, Qing Feng, Rusong Zhao, and Xiaoli Wang. "Bioelectrochemical Methane Production from Food Waste in Anaerobic Digestion Using a Carbon-Modified Copper Foam Electrode." Processes 8, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8040416.

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Anaerobic bioelectrochemical digestion (ABD) is widely used for treating wastewater and recovering energy. The electrode is the key point for ABD system, which was sparsely studied with food waste. In this study, a carbon-modified copper foam was fabricated with copper foam and multiple wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) through electrophoretic deposition and screen-printing methods. The carbon-modified copper foam electrode was investigated in an ABD reactor for food waste. The features of bioelectrochemical methane production, process stability, and electrochemical characterization were evaluated in the ABD reactor, and were compared to the control reactor without equipping electrode. The ultimate methane production reached 338.1 mL CH4/L in the ABD reactor, which was significantly higher than the 181.0 mL CH4/L of the control reactor. The methane produced from the electrode was 137.8 mL CH4/L, which was up to 40.8% of total methane production in the ABD reactor. It was attributed to the electroactive bacteria that were enriched and activated by the carbon-modified copper foam electrode, further activating the direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) pathways for methane production. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) analysis showed higher redox peaks, which is one of the pieces of evidence for the enrichment of electroactive bacteria. The carbon-modified copper foam electrode has the advantages of both carbon and metal materials, and demonstrated a high possibility for use in bioelectrochemical methane production for food waste.

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Yan, Yuqing, Xin Wang, Anis Askari, and Hyung-Sool Lee. "A modelling study of the spatially heterogeneous mutualism between electroactive biofilm and planktonic bacteria." Science of The Total Environment 759 (March 2021): 143537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143537.

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Yu, Lin, Jizhou Duan, Xiangqian Du, Yanliang Huang, and Baorong Hou. "Accelerated anaerobic corrosion of electroactive sulfate-reducing bacteria by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and chronoamperometry." Electrochemistry Communications 26 (January 2013): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2012.10.022.

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Eaktasang, Numfon, Christina S. Kang, Song Jung Ryu, Yanasinee Suma, and Han S. Kim. "Enhanced Current Production by Electroactive Biofilm of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in the Microbial Fuel Cell." Environmental Engineering Research 18, no. 4 (December 30, 2013): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2013.18.4.277.

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Eaktasang, Numfon, Christina S. Kang, Song Jung Ryu, Yanasinee Suma, and Han S. Kim. "Erratum : Enhanced Current Production by Electroactive Biofilm of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in the Microbial Fuel Cell." Environmental Engineering Research 19, no. 1 (March 30, 2014): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2014.19.1.115.

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Yuvraj, C., and V. Aranganathan. "MFC—An Approach in Enhancing Electricity Generation Using Electroactive Biofilm of Dissimilatory Iron-Reducing (DIR) Bacteria." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 42, no. 6 (April 25, 2017): 2341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13369-017-2529-8.

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Liu, Lecheng, Guangfei Liu, Jiti Zhou, and Ruofei Jin. "Energy Taxis toward Redox-Active Surfaces Decreases the Transport of Electroactive Bacteria in Saturated Porous Media." Environmental Science & Technology 55, no. 8 (March 17, 2021): 5559–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c08355.

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Picioreanu, C., K. P. Katuri, I. M. Head, M. C. M. van Loosdrecht, and K. Scott. "Mathematical model for microbial fuel cells with anodic biofilms and anaerobic digestion." Water Science and Technology 57, no. 7 (April 1, 2008): 965–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.095.

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This study describes the integration of IWA's anaerobic digestion model (ADM1) within a computational model of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Several populations of methanogenic and electroactive microorganisms coexist suspended in the anolyte and in the biofilm attached to the anode. A number of biological, chemical and electrochemical reactions occur in the bulk liquid, in the biofilm and at the electrode surface, involving glucose, organic acids, H2 and redox mediators. Model output includes the evolution in time of important measurable MFC parameters (current production, consumption of substrates, suspended and attached biomass growth). Two- and three-dimensional model simulations reveal the importance of current and biomass heterogeneous distribution over the planar anode surface. Voltage- and power–current characteristics can be calculated at different moments in time to evaluate the limiting regime in which the MFC operates. Finally, model simulations are compared with experimental results showing that, in a batch MFC, smaller electrical resistance of the circuit leads to selection of electroactive bacteria. Higher coulombic yields are so obtained because electrons from substrate are transferred to anode rather than following the methanogenesis pathway. In addition to higher currents, faster COD consumption rates are so achieved. The potential of this general modelling framework is in the understanding and design of more complex cases of wastewater-fed microbial fuel cells.

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Elgiddawy, Nada, Shiwei Ren, Wadih Ghattas, Waleed M. A. El Rouby, Ahmed O. El-Gendy, Ahmed A. Farghali, Abderrahim Yassar, and Hafsa Korri-Youssoufi. "Antimicrobial Activity of Cationic Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Nanoparticles Coupled with Dual Fluorescent and Electrochemical Sensing: Theragnostic Prospect." Sensors 21, no. 5 (March 2, 2021): 1715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051715.

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Designing therapeutic and sensor materials to diagnose and eliminate bacterial infections remains a significant challenge for active theragnostic nanoprobes. In the present work, fluorescent/electroactive poly(3-hexylthiophene) P3HT nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized with quaternary ammonium salts using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), (CTAB-P3HT NPs) were prepared using a simple mini-emulsion method. The morphology, spectroscopic properties and electronic properties of CTAB-P3HT NPs were characterized by DLS, zeta potential, SEM, TEM, UV-vis spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). In an aqueous solution, CTAB-P3HT NPs were revealed to be uniformly sized, highly fluorescent and present a highly positively charged NP surface with good electroactivity. Dual detection was demonstrated as the binding of the bacteria to NPs could be observed by fluorescence quenching as well as by the changes in EIS. Binding of E. coli to CTAB-P3HT NPs was demonstrated and LODs of 5 CFU/mL and 250 CFU/mL were obtained by relying on the fluorescence spectroscopy and EIS, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of CTAB-P3HT NPs on bacteria and fungi was also studied under dark and nutritive conditions. An MIC and an MBC of 2.5 µg/mL were obtained with E. coli and with S. aureus, and of 0.312 µg/mL with C. albicans. Additionally a good biocompatibility toward normal human cells (WI38) was observed, which opens the way to their possible use as a therapeutic agent.

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Kumar, Amit, Krishna Katuri, Piet Lens, and Dónal Leech. "Does bioelectrochemical cell configuration and anode potential affect biofilm response?" Biochemical Society Transactions 40, no. 6 (November 21, 2012): 1308–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20120130.

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Electrochemical gradients are the backbone of basic cellular functions, including chemo-osmotic transport and ATP synthesis. Microbial growth, terminal respiratory proteins and external electron transfer are major pathways competing for electrons. In BESs (bioelectrochemical systems), such as MFCs (microbial fuel cells), the electron flow can be via soluble inorganic/organic molecules or to a solid surface. The flow of electrons towards a solid surface can be via outer-membrane cytochromes or electron-shuttle molecules, mediated by conductive protein nanowires or extracellular matrices. In MECs (microbial electrolysis cells), the anode potential can vary over a wide range, which alters the thermodynamic energy available for bacteria capable of donating electrons to the electrode [termed EAB (electroactive bacteria)]. Thus the anode potential is an important electrochemical parameter determining the growth, electron distribution/transfer and electrical activity of films of these bacteria on electrodes. Different optimal applied potentials to anodes have been suggested in the literature, for selection for microbial growth, diversity and performance in biofilms on electrodes. In the present paper, we review the effects of anode potentials on electron-transfer properties of such biofilms, and report on the effect that electrochemical cell configuration may have on performance.

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Stricker, Laura, Isabella Guido, Thomas Breithaupt, Marco G. Mazza, and Jürgen Vollmer. "Hybrid sideways/longitudinal swimming in the monoflagellate Shewanella oneidensis : from aerotactic band to biofilm." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, no. 171 (October 2020): 20200559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2020.0559.

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Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 are facultative aerobic electroactive bacteria with an appealing potential for sustainable energy production and bioremediation. They gather around air sources, forming aerotactic bands and biofilms. Here, we experimentally follow the evolution of the band around an air bubble, and we find good agreement with the numerical solutions of the pertinent transport equations. Video microscopy reveals a transition between motile and non-motile MR-1 upon oxygen depletion, preventing further development of the biofilm. We discover that MR-1 can alternate between longitudinal fast and sideways slow swimming. The resulting bimodal velocity distributions change in response to different oxygen concentrations and gradients, supporting the biological functions of aerotaxis and confinement.

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Markelova, Ekaterina, Christopher T. Parsons, Raoul-Marie Couture, Christina M. Smeaton, Benoit Madé, Laurent Charlet, and Philippe Van Cappellen. "Deconstructing the redox cascade: what role do microbial exudates (flavins) play?" Environmental Chemistry 14, no. 8 (2017): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en17158.

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Environmental contextRedox potential is a controlling variable in aquatic chemistry. Through time series data, we show that microbial exudates released by bacteria may control trends in redox potential observed in natural waters. In particular, electron transfer between these exudates and the electrode could explain the values measured in the presence of abundant oxidants such as oxygen and nitrate. AbstractRedox electrodes are commonly used to measure redox potentials (EH) of natural waters. The recorded EH values are usually interpreted in terms of the dominant inorganic redox couples. To further advance the interpretation of measured EH distributions along temporal and spatial redox gradients, we performed a series of reactor experiments in which oxidising and reducing conditions were alternated by switching between sparging with air and N2. Starting from a simple electrolyte solution and ending with a complex biogeochemical system, common groundwater solutes, metabolic substrates (NO3− and C3H5O3−), bacteria (Shewanella oneidensis MR-1) and goethite (α-FeOOH(s)) were tested by increasing the system complexity with each subsequent experiment. This systematic approach yielded a redox cascade ranging from +500 to −350 mV (pH ~7.4). The highest and lowest EH values registered by the platinum (Pt) electrode agreed with Nernstian redox potentials predicted for the O2/H2O2 and FeOOH/Fe2+(aq) couples respectively. Electrode poisoning by the organic pH buffer (MOPS) and addition of bacteria to the aerated solutions resulted in marked decreases in measured EH values. The latter effect is attributed to the release of flavins by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 to the medium. As expected, equilibrium with the non-electroactive NO3−/NO2−/NH4+ redox couples could not account for the EH values recorded during dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA). However, the observed EH range for DNRA coincided with that bracketed by EH values measured in separate abiotic solutions containing either the oxidised (+324 ± 29 mV) or reduced (−229 ± 40 mV) forms of flavins. The results therefore suggest that the Pt electrode detected the presence of the electroactive flavins, even at submicromolar concentrations. In particular, flavins help explain the fairly low EH values measured in the presence of strong oxidants, such as O2 and NO3−.

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Tan, Bin, ShaoFeng Zhou, Yi Wang, BeiPing Zhang, LiHua Zhou, and Yong Yuan. "Molecular insight into electron transfer properties of extracellular polymeric substances of electroactive bacteria by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy." Science China Technological Sciences 62, no. 10 (June 18, 2019): 1679–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11431-018-9437-0.

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Li, Feng-He, Qiang Tang, Yang-Yang Fan, Yang Li, Jie Li, Jing-Hang Wu, Chen-Fei Luo, Hong Sun, Wen-Wei Li, and Han-Qing Yu. "Developing a population-state decision system for intelligently reprogramming extracellular electron transfer in Shewanella oneidensis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 37 (August 27, 2020): 23001–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006534117.

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The unique extracellular electron transfer (EET) ability has positioned electroactive bacteria (EAB) as a major class of cellular chassis for genetic engineering aimed at favorable environmental, energy, and geoscience applications. However, previous efforts to genetically enhance EET ability have often impaired the basal metabolism and cellular growth due to the competition for the limited cellular resource. Here, we design a quorum sensing-based population-state decision (PSD) system for intelligently reprogramming the EET regulation system, which allows the rebalanced allocation of the cellular resource upon the bacterial growth state. We demonstrate that the electron output from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 could be greatly enhanced by the PSD system via shifting the dominant metabolic flux from initial bacterial growth to subsequent EET enhancement (i.e., after reaching a certain population-state threshold). The strain engineered with this system achieved up to 4.8-fold EET enhancement and exhibited a substantially improved pollutant reduction ability, increasing the reduction efficiencies of methyl orange and hexavalent chromium by 18.8- and 5.5-fold, respectively. Moreover, the PSD system outcompeted the constant expression system in managing EET enhancement, resulting in considerably enhanced electron output and pollutant bioreduction capability. The PSD system provides a powerful tool for intelligently managing extracellular electron transfer and may inspire the development of new-generation smart bioelectrical devices for various applications.

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Guo, Fei, Yuan Liu, and Hong Liu. "Hibernations of electroactive bacteria provide insights into the flexible and robust BOD detection using microbial fuel cell-based biosensors." Science of The Total Environment 753 (January 2021): 142244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142244.

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Yang, Yuan, Zhen Fang, Yang-Yang Yu, Yan-Zhai Wang, Saraschandra Naraginti, and Yang-Chun Yong. "A mediator-free whole-cell electrochemical biosensing system for sensitive assessment of heavy metal toxicity in water." Water Science and Technology 79, no. 6 (March 15, 2019): 1071–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.101.

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Abstract A bioelectrochemical sensing system (BES) based on electroactive bacteria (EAB) has been used as a new and promising tool for water toxicity assessment. However, most EAB can reduce heavy metals, which usually results in low toxicity response. Herein, a starvation pre-incubation strategy was developed which successfully avoided the metal reduction during the toxicity sensing period. By integrating this starvation pre-incubation procedure with the amperometric BES, a sensitive, robust and mediator-free biosensing method for heavy metal toxicity assessment was developed. Under the optimized conditions, the IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) values for Cu2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, and Cr6+ obtained were 0.35, 3.49, 6.52, 2.48 mg L−1, respectively. The measurement with real water samples also suggested this method was reliable for practical application. This work demonstrates that it is feasible to use EAB for heavy metal toxicity assessment and provides a new tool for water toxicity warning.

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Ali, Jafar, Aaqib Sohail, Lei Wang, Muhammad Rizwan Haider, Shahi Mulk, and Gang Pan. "Electro-Microbiology as a Promising Approach Towards Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability." Energies 11, no. 7 (July 12, 2018): 1822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11071822.

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Microbial electrochemical technologies provide sustainable wastewater treatment and energy production. Despite significant improvements in the power output of microbial fuel cells (MFCs), this technology is still far from practical applications. Extracting electrical energy and harvesting valuable products by electroactive bacteria (EAB) in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) has emerged as an innovative approach to address energy and environmental challenges. Thus, maximizing power output and resource recovery is highly desirable for sustainable systems. Insights into the electrode-microbe interactions may help to optimize the performance of BESs for envisioned applications, and further validation by bioelectrochemical techniques is a prerequisite to completely understand the electro-microbiology. This review summarizes various extracellular electron transfer mechanisms involved in BESs. The significant role of characterization techniques in the advancement of the electro-microbiology field is discussed. Finally, diverse applications of BESs, such as resource recovery, and contributions to the pursuit of a more sustainable society are also highlighted.

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Muñoz, Vanesa, Joaquín Inchaurrondo, Juan Pablo Busalmen, and María Victoria Ordoñez. "Transmission Electron Microscopy As A Relevant Tool In The Characterization Of Hybrid Nanostructures Of Au Bio-Mineralization By Electroactive Bacteria." Microscopy and Microanalysis 26, S1 (March 2020): 189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927620001166.

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Wang, Deng, Ying Wang, Jing Yang, Xiu He, Rui-Jie Wang, Zhi-Song Lu, and Yan Qiao. "Cellulose Aerogel Derived Hierarchical Porous Carbon for Enhancing Flavin-Based Interfacial Electron Transfer in Microbial Fuel Cells." Polymers 12, no. 3 (March 17, 2020): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12030664.

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The flavin-based indirect electron transfer process between electroactive bacteria and solid electrode is crucial for microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Here, a cellulose-NaOH-urea mixture aerogel derived hierarchical porous carbon (CPC) is developed to promote the flavin based interfacial electron transfer. The porous structure of the CPC can be tailored via adjusting the ratio of urea in the cellulose aerogel precursor to obtain CPCs with different type of dominant pores. According to the electrocatalytic performance of different CPC electrodes, the CPCs with higher meso- and macropore area exhibit greatly improved flavin redox reaction. While, the CPC-9 with appropriate porous structure achieves highest power density in Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 MFC due to larger active surface for flavin mediated interfacial electron transfer and higher biofilm loading. Considering that the CPC is just obtained from the pyrolysis of the cellulose-NaOH-urea aerogel, this work also provides a facile approach for porous carbon preparation.

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Pavón, Esperanza, Rosa Martín-Rodríguez, Ana C. Perdigón, and María D. Alba. "New Trends in Nanoclay-Modified Sensors." Inorganics 9, no. 6 (June 2, 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics9060043.

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Nanoclays are widespread materials characterized by a layered structure in the nano-scale range. They have multiple applications in diverse scientific and industrial areas, mainly due to their swelling capacity, cation exchange capacity, and plasticity. Due to the cation exchange capacity, nanoclays can serve as host matrices for the stabilization of several molecules and, thus, they can be used as sensors by incorporating electroactive ions, biomolecules as enzymes, or fluorescence probes. In this review, the most recent applications as bioanalyte sensors are addressed, focusing on two main detection systems: electrochemical and optical methods. Particularly, the application of electrochemical sensors with clay-modified electrodes (CLME) for pesticide detection is described. Moreover, recent advances of both electrochemical and optical sensors based on nanoclays for diverse bioanalytes’ detection such as glucose, H2O2, organic acids, proteins, or bacteria are also discussed. As it can be seen from this review, nanoclays can become a key factor in sensors’ development, creating an emerging technology for the detection of bioanalytes, with application in both environmental and biomedical fields.

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Sathish-Kumar, K., Omar Solorza-Feria, Gerardo Vázquez-Huerta, J. P. Luna-Arias, and Héctor M. Poggi-Varaldo. "Electrical Stress-directed Evolution of Biocatalysts Community Sampled from A Sodic-saline Soil for Microbial Fuel Cells." Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems 15, no. 3 (April 2, 2012): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14447/jnmes.v15i3.63.

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Anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) perform an unusual form of respiration in which their electron acceptor is a solid anode. The focus of this study was to characterize the electrical stress direct evolution of biocatalysts as a way of enriching the community with ARB for microbial fuel cell. The original microbial consortium was sampled from a sodic-saline bottom soil (Texcoco Lake). Interestingly, iron (III) reducing bacteria consortium in the sodic-saline bottom soil was 8500 ± 15 MPN/100 mL by the most probable number method, since microbial reduction of iron (III) is reported to be associated to anode-respiring capabilities. Cyclic voltammetry studies of electrochemical stressed biofilm-ARB were conducted at 28th and 135th days, and an irreversible electron transfer reaction was found possibly related to electron transfer reaction of the cytochrome. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results revealed that the resistance of the biofilm-ARB decreased with time (28th day-11.11 ω and 135th day- 5.5 ω ), possibly associated to the adaptability of electroactive biofilm on the graphite electrode surface. Confocal microscopy showed that the biofilms are active in nature and the biofilm-ARB attained ~40 μ m thickness at the 136th day. Electrical stressed-ARB gave a maximum power density of 79.4mW/m2, and unstressed-ARB gave a maximum power density of 41.0mW/m2 in a single-chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC). All these electrochemical experiments and evaluation suggest that the electrical-stress directed evolution of ARB community was associated to a more efficient extracellular electron transfer process in SCMFC.

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Peñacoba-Antona, Lorena, Montserrat Gómez-Delgado, and Abraham Esteve-Núñez. "Multi-Criteria Evaluation and Sensitivity Analysis for the Optimal Location of Constructed Wetlands (METland) at Oceanic and Mediterranean Areas." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (May 19, 2021): 5415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105415.

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METland is a new variety of Constructed Wetland (CW) for treating wastewater where gravel is replaced by a biocompatible electroconductive material to stimulate the metabolism of electroactive bacteria. The system requires a remarkably low land footprint (0.4 m2/pe) compared to conventional CW, due to the high pollutant removal rate exhibited by such microorganisms. In order to predict the optimal locations for METland, a methodology based on Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) techniques applied to Geographical Information Systems (GIS) has been proposed. Seven criteria were evaluated and weighted in the context of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Finally, a Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) was performed using the Sobol method for resource optimization. The model was tested in two locations, oceanic and Mediterranean, to prove its feasibility in different geographical, demographic and climate conditions. The GSA revealed as conclusion the most influential factors in the model: (i) land use, (ii) distance to population centers, and (iii) distance to river beds. Interestingly, the model could predict best suitable locations by reducing the number of analyzed factors to just such three key factors (responsible for 78% of the output variance). The proposed methodology will help decision-making stakeholders in implementing nature-based solutions, including constructed wetlands, for treating wastewater in rural areas.

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Díaz-Rullo Edreira, Sara, Silvia Barba, Ioanna A. Vasiliadou, Raúl Molina, Juan Antonio Melero, Juan José Espada, Daniel Puyol, and Fernando Martínez. "Assessment of Voltage Influence in Carbon Dioxide Fixation Process by a Photo-Bioelectrochemical System under Photoheterotrophy." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030474.

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Bioelectrochemical systems are a promising technology capable of reducing CO2 emissions, a renewable carbon source, using electroactive microorganisms for this purpose. Purple Phototrophic Bacteria (PPB) use their versatile metabolism to uptake external electrons from an electrode to fix CO2. In this work, the effect of the voltage (from −0.2 to −0.8 V vs. Ag/AgCl) on the metabolic CO2 fixation of a mixed culture of PPB under photoheterotrophic conditions during the oxidation of a biodegradable carbon source is demonstrated. The minimum voltage to fix CO2 was between −0.2 and −0.4 V. The Calvin–Benson–Bassham (CBB) cycle is the main electron sink at these voltages. However, lower voltages caused the decrease in the current intensity, reaching a minimum at −0.8 V (−4.75 mA). There was also a significant relationship between the soluble carbon uptake in terms of chemical oxygen demand and the electron consumption for the experiments performed at −0.6 and −0.8 V. These results indicate that the CBB cycle is not the only electron sink and some photoheterotrophic metabolic pathways are also being affected under electrochemical conditions. This behavior has not been tested before in photoheterotrophic conditions and paves the way for the future development of photobioelectrochemical systems under heterotrophic conditions.

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Veerubhotla, Ramya. "Self-assembled electroactive bacterial network." Materials Today 29 (October 2019): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2019.08.006.

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Telichowska, Aleksandra, Joanna Kobus-Cisowska, Marta Ligaj, Kinga Stuper-Szablewska, Daria Szymanowska, Mariusz Tichoniuk, and Piotr Szulc. "Polyphenol content and antioxidant activities of Prunus padus L. and Prunus serotina L. leaves: Electrochemical and spectrophotometric approach and their antimicrobial properties." Open Chemistry 18, no. 1 (September 8, 2020): 1125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2020-0121.

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AbstractThe aim of the study was to compare the content of selected phytochemicals as well as the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of the leaves of Prunus padus L. and Prunus serotina L., as there is very little research on this subject in the literature. Therefore, it is used to deepen knowledge on this subject. In addition, an electrochemical test was also carried out, which was not yet available for the above plants. Antibacterial studies have also been deepened to include the analysis of new strains of bacteria and fungi, which has not been studied earlier. The water extracts of P. padus using the utra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) system showed a higher content of both phenolic acids and flavonols (651.77b ± 18.12 mg/100 g dw for acids and 3.85b ± 0.08 mg/100 g dw for flavonols, respectively). Ferulic and p-coumaric acids were the dominant polyphenols in leaves. Extracts from P. padus showed higher activity against DPPH radical, which was 6.62b ± 0.06 mg TE/1 g dw, as well as higher antioxidant capacity, measured using 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) cation radical (37.39b ± 3.81 mg TE/g dw). The higher antioxidant potential of P. padus was confirmed based on the oxidizing potentials of electroactive compounds present in them. Stronger inhibition against Enterococcus faecium and Klebsiella pneumoniae was found for P. padus, whereas P. serotina extract was more potent against Enterococcus faecium bacterium. It has been shown that P. padus can be an attractive raw material with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties that can be used on a much wider scale in food technology than its current application.

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Kim, Soo Hyeon, Takatoki Yamamoto, Dominique Fourmy, and Teruo Fujii. "An electroactive microwell array for trapping and lysing single-bacterial cells." Biomicrofluidics 5, no. 2 (June 2011): 024114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3605508.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Electroactive bacteria'

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