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Journal articles on the topic 'Electrochemical detectors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Kauffmann, Jean-Michel, Nurgul K. Bakirhan, Burcin Bozal-Palabiyik, et al. "Electrochemical Detectors in Liquid Chromatography: Recent Trends in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis." Current Medicinal Chemistry 25, no. 33 (2018): 4050–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170609074826.

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Liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to an electrochemical (EC) detector is a complementary analytical tool compared to LC coupled with optical or mass spectrometry detectors (LC-MS). LC-EC can be applied to the determination of molecules difficult to be analyzed by other commercially available detectors. New EC detector design and new working electrode material have extended the scope of application in the field of pharmaceutical compounds analysis. Combining EC with LC-MS offers additional advantages compared to optical detectors in terms of drug stability and drug metabolism mimicry studies. Selected literature devoted to pharmacologically active compounds in their dosage forms, herbal drugs in natural products, drug residues in feed and/or in biological samples are reported in this review.

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2

Tommasino, Luigi. "Electrochemical etching processes for the detection of neutrons and radon-decay products." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 19, no. 1 (2004): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp0401012t.

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The electrochemical etching, because of its complexity, is of interest when it makes it possible to achieve detection characteristics which are not encountered with the chemical etching. These unique characteristics can be found for example for the personal dosimetry of low-energy neutrons around nuclear reactors and for the detection of both low- and high-energy cosmic-ray neutrons at civil aviation altitudes. In particular sufficiently large signal-to-noise ratios for cosmic ray neutron measurements can be achieved by using stack of polycarbonate- and/or CR-39-detectors, since the electrochemical etching processes make it possible: (a) the rapid scanning of large detector areas, and (b) the counting of coincidence events in paired detectors induced by a-few-microns long tracks. The detection of the radon decay products is hindered by the fact that their concentrations are altered in the vicinity of detector surface during the measurement. Polycarbonate detectors may be useful in solving these problems both because they register radon-decay products far away from the plated-out surface and they can be manufactured with any possible geometry and/or shape. However, it is possible to use several combinations of chemical and electrochemical etching steps which implies the possibility of new applications of track detectors for the registration of neutrons, cosmic rays and radon decay products.

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3

Bartosova, Zdenka, Daniel Riman, Petr Jakubec, Vladimir Halouzka, Jan Hrbac, and David Jirovsky. "Electrochemically Pretreated Carbon Microfiber Electrodes as Sensitive HPLC-EC Detectors." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/295802.

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The paper focuses on the analysis and detection of electroactive compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with electrochemical detection (EC). The fabrication and utilization of electrochemically treated carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFMs) as highly sensitive amperometric detectors in HPLC are described. The applied pretreatment procedure is beneficial for analytical characteristics of the sensor as demonstrated by analysis of the model set of phenolic acids. The combination of CFM with separation power of HPLC technique allows for improved detection limits due to unique electrochemical properties of carbon fibers. The CFM proved to be a promising tool for amperometric detection in liquid chromatography.

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4

Kawamura, Koji, Kazumasa Miyazawa, and Lloyd Kent. "The Past, Present and Future in Tube- and Paper-Based Colorimetric Gas Detectors." AppliedChem 1, no. 1 (2021): 14–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem1010003.

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Colorimetric gas detectors have been widely applied in many fields such as environmental sciences, industrial hygiene, process control, forensic science and indoor air quality monitoring. They have a history of about 100 years and include devices such as gas detector tubes and paper-based gas detectors. The sensitivity and selectivity of the colorimetric gas detector are relatively high compared to other types of gas detectors such as semiconductor, catalytic combustion and electrochemical gas detectors. Detection of gas concentration can be performed by the naked eye in some colorimetric gas detectors. These methods do not require an electrical power source and are simple, so they are suitable for field operations. This review introduces the history and provides a general overview of the development in the research of colorimetric gas detectors. Recently, the sensitivity and selectivity of colorimetric gas detectors have improved. New materials such as enzymes or particles with a large surface area have been utilized to improve selectivity and sensitivity. Moreover, new gas detectors without toxic materials have been developed to reduce the environmental load. At present, there is a rapid development of IoT sensors in many industrial fields, which might extend the applications of colorimetric gas detectors in the near future.

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5

Weber, Stephen G., and John T. Long. "Detection Limits and Selectivity in Electrochemical Detectors." Analytical Chemistry 60, no. 15 (1988): 903A—913A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00166a730.

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6

Ryan, T. H. "Electrochemical detectors, fundamental aspects and analytical applications." Analytica Chimica Acta 184 (1986): 343–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(00)86514-9.

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7

Erickson, Britt E. "Product Review: Electrochemical detectors for liquid chromatography." Analytical Chemistry 72, no. 9 (2000): 353 A—357 A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac002813b.

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8

Dressman, Shawn F., and Adrian C. Michael. "Online Electrochemical Detectors for Supercritical Fluid Chromatography." Analytical Chemistry 67, no. 8 (1995): 1339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00104a007.

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9

Horvai, George, and ErnÕ Pungor. "Electrochemical Detectors in HPLC and Ion Chromatography." Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 21, no. 1 (1989): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408348908048814.

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10

Zuman, Petr. "Electrochemical detectors: Fundamental aspects and analytical applications." Microchemical Journal 33, no. 2 (1986): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-265x(86)90069-x.

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11

Fogg, ArnoldG. "Electrochemical detectors: fundamental aspects and analytical applications." Electrochimica Acta 31, no. 3 (1986): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(86)80099-8.

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12

Tóth, K., K. Stulík, W. Kutner, Zs Fehér, and E. Lindner. "Electrochemical detection in liquid flow analytical techniques: Characterization and classification (IUPAC Technical Report)." Pure and Applied Chemistry 76, no. 6 (2004): 1119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200476061119.

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Liquid flow analytical techniques are classified, and definitions are provided of flow-injection analysis, segmented flow analysis, flow titration, continuous monitoring, liquid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis. Electrochemical detection and flow through detection cells are characterized with respect to the surface and bulk detection. The detector performance is discussed in terms of its principal analytical parameters, such as detection limit and dynamic concentration range, as well as its dynamic characteristics, such as the response time, sampling frequency, transport lag, and long-term stability. Moreover, different detection modes are critically evaluated, including both potentiostatic and galvano-static techniques. Factors influencing sensitivity and detection limit, which include electronic and hydrodynamic approach, are also discussed. Different detector designs are critically reviewed, and the special features of electrochemical detectors for flow analytical techniques are emphasized.

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13

Wang, Joseph, Baomin Tian, and Eskil Sahlin. "Micromachined Electrophoresis Chips with Thick-Film Electrochemical Detectors." Analytical Chemistry 71, no. 23 (1999): 5436–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac990807d.

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14

Hilmi, Abdelkader, and John H. T. Luong. "Development of Rotating Electrochemical Detectors for Capillary Electrophoresis." Analytical Chemistry 73, no. 11 (2001): 2536–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac001192j.

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15

Yen, Hung-Ju, Jhe-Huang Lin, Yuhlong Oliver Su, and Guey-Sheng Liou. "Novel triarylamine-based aromatic polyamides bearing secondary amines: synthesis and redox potential inversion characteristics induced by pyridines." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 43 (2016): 10381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tc03409h.

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16

Xu, Xiaomi, Ling Li, and Stephen G. Weber. "Electrochemical and optical detectors for capillary and chip separations." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 26, no. 1 (2007): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2006.11.015.

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17

Connor, M. P., J. Wang, W. Kubiak, and M. R. Smyth. "Tissue- and microbe-based electrochemical detectors for liquid chromatography." Analytica Chimica Acta 229 (1990): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(00)85119-3.

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18

Jandik, Petr, Paul R. Haddad, and Paul E. Sturrock. "Electrochemical Detectors for Ion Chromatographic Analysis: A Critical Review." C R C Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 20, no. 1 (1988): 1–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00078988808048806.

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19

Komendová, Martina, Radovan Metelka, and Jiří Urban. "Miniaturized Biamperometric Detectors for Electrochemical Detection in Flowing Streams." Electroanalysis 29, no. 7 (2017): 1670–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.201700027.

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20

Zhang, Zipin, Jie Hao, Tongfang Xiao, Ping Yu, and Lanqun Mao. "Online electrochemical systems for continuous neurochemical measurements with low-potential mediator-based electrochemical biosensors as selective detectors." Analyst 140, no. 15 (2015): 5039–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5an00593k.

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This study demonstrates a new strategy to develop online electrochemical systems (OECSs) for continuously monitoring neurochemicals by efficiently integrating in vivo microdialysis with an oxidase-based electrochemical biosensor with low-potential electron mediators to shuttle the electron transfer of the oxidases.

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21

Weber, Stephen G. "Signal-to-noise ratio in microelectrode-array-based electrochemical detectors." Analytical Chemistry 61, no. 4 (1989): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00179a004.

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22

Revenga-Parra, M., E. Martínez-Periñán, B. Moreno, F. Pariente, and E. Lorenzo. "Rapid taurine and lactate biomarkers determination with disposable electrochemical detectors." Electrochimica Acta 240 (June 2017): 506–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.04.100.

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23

Hilmi, Abdelkader, and John H. T. Luong. "Electrochemical Detectors Prepared by Electroless Deposition for Microfabricated Electrophoresis Chips." Analytical Chemistry 72, no. 19 (2000): 4677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac000524h.

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24

Novák, M., K. Turek, J. Jakeš, and J. Voigt. "Directly heated etching stand for electrochemical treatment of track detectors." Radiation Measurements 28, no. 1-6 (1997): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1350-4487(97)00072-3.

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25

Zainali, Gh, and A. Afkar. "Study of current drain during electrochemical etching of polycarbonate detectors." Radiation Measurements 40, no. 2-6 (2005): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2005.03.010.

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26

Cazzaro, F., M. P. Rigobello, and A. Bindoli. "Personal computer control of electrochemical detectors utilized for mitochondrial studies." Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 51, no. 3 (1996): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-2607(96)01736-1.

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27

Nikolelis, Dimitrios P., Christina G. Siontorou, Vangelis G. Andreou, Kyriakos G. Viras, and Ulrich J. Krull. "Bilayer lipid membranes as electrochemical detectors for flow injection immunoanalysis." Electroanalysis 7, no. 11 (1995): 1082–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140071116.

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28

de Castro, M. D. Luque. "Unsegmented flow systems as interfaces between samples and electrochemical detectors." Electroanalysis 4, no. 6 (1992): 601–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140040602.

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29

Martin, R. Scott, Andrew J. Gawron, Susan M. Lunte, Barbara A. Fogarty, Fiona B. Regan, and Eithne Dempsey. "Carbon paste-based electrochemical detectors for microchip capillary electrophoresis/electrochemistry." Analyst 126, no. 3 (2001): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b009827m.

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30

Plis, E., J. B. Rodriguez, S. J. Lee, and S. Krishna. "Electrochemical sulphur passivation of InAs/GaSb strain layer superlattice detectors." Electronics Letters 42, no. 21 (2006): 1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20062495.

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31

Buchberger, Wolfgang. "Electrochemical detectors ? tailormade techniques for liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis?" Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 354, no. 7-8 (1996): 797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0021663540797.

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32

García, Miguel, and Alberto Escarpa. "Disposable electrochemical detectors based on nickel nanowires for carbohydrate sensing." Biosensors and Bioelectronics 26, no. 5 (2011): 2527–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2010.10.049.

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33

Fernández, C., A. J. Reviejo, and J. M. Pingarrón. "Graphite-poly(tetrafluoroethylene) electrodes as electrochemical detectors in flowing systems." Analytica Chimica Acta 314, no. 1-2 (1995): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(95)00259-3.

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34

Dajkó, Gábor, and Karel Turek. "Electrochemical etching of CR-39 detectors irradiated with alpha particles." International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part D. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 16, no. 4 (1989): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1359-0189(89)90023-x.

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35

Xu, Wei, Kaiyu Fu, Chaoxiong Ma, and Paul W. Bohn. "Closed bipolar electrode-enabled dual-cell electrochromic detectors for chemical sensing." Analyst 141, no. 21 (2016): 6018–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6an01415a.

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36

Helil, Zulpikar, Tursun Abdiryim, Ruxangul Jamal, et al. "Electrochemical synthesis of hydroxyl group-functionalized PProDOT/ZnO for an ultraviolet photodetector." RSC Advances 11, no. 26 (2021): 15825–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra01962g.

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37

MacCrehan, W. A., and E. Schönberger. "Determination of retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and beta-carotene in serum by liquid chromatography with absorbance and electrochemical detection." Clinical Chemistry 33, no. 9 (1987): 1585–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/33.9.1585.

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Abstract We describe a method for the determination of retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and beta-carotene in serum, using a liquid-chromatographic separation with wavelength-programmed ultraviolet/visible absorbance and amperometric electrochemical detection with a glassy carbon electrode. After protein denaturation and addition of an internal standard, tocol, 250-microL samples are twice extracted with hexane. The reversed-phase, gradient-elution chromatographic separation provides baseline resolution of: the all-trans isomer of retinol from the cis isomers, alpha- from gamma-tocopherol, and all-trans-beta-carotene from alpha-carotene and from cis-beta-carotene isomers. The linearity of response and the detection limits for the two detectors for the three analytes are measured. A comparison of the values obtained for serum extracts shows good agreement between the absorbance and electrochemical detectors.

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38

L'Hostis, E., Ph E. Michel, G. C. Fiaccabrino, D. J. Strike, N. F. de Rooij, and M. Koudelka-Hep. "Microreactor and electrochemical detectors fabricated using Si and EPON SU-8." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 64, no. 1-3 (2000): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-4005(99)00500-6.

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39

Nagels, L. J., J. M. Kauffmann, G. Schuddinck, C. Dewaele, G. J. Patriarche, and M. Verzele. "Carbon-polymer chips as sensitive electrochemical detectors for micro-lqiuid chromatography." Journal of Chromatography A 459 (January 1988): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9673(01)82024-0.

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40

Wang, Joseph, and Tuzhi Peng. "Enhanced stability of glassy carbon detectors following a simple electrochemical pretreatment." Analytical Chemistry 58, no. 8 (1986): 1787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00121a041.

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41

Wang, Joseph, Martin Pumera, Madhu Prakash Chatrathi, et al. "Thick-Film Electrochemical Detectors for Poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis." Electroanalysis 14, no. 18 (2002): 1251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-4109(200210)14:18<1251::aid-elan1251>3.0.co;2-g.

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42

Martín, Aída, Miguel Ángel López, María Cristina González, and Alberto Escarpa. "Multidimensional carbon allotropes as electrochemical detectors in capillary and microchip electrophoresis." ELECTROPHORESIS 36, no. 1 (2014): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.201400328.

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43

Ducey, Michael W., and Mark E. Meyerhoff. "Microporous Gold Electrodes as Combined Biosensor/Electrochemical Detectors in Flowing Streams." Electroanalysis 10, no. 3 (1998): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-4109(199803)10:3<157::aid-elan157>3.0.co;2-o.

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44

Sohrabi, M., and M. Katouzi. "A new parameter in the electrochemical etching of polymer track detectors." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 82, no. 3 (1993): 442–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(93)95994-g.

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45

Gomber, K. L., J. S. Yadav, and A. P. Sharma. "Electrochemical etching (ECE) of fission fragment tracks in soda glass detectors." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 234, no. 1 (1985): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(85)90823-x.

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46

Kirchhoefer, Ross D., Gerard M. Sullivan, and James F. Allgire. "Analysis of USP Epinephrine Injections for Potency, Impurities, Degradation Products, and d-Enantiomer by Liquid Chromatography, Using Ultraviolet and Electrochemical Detectors." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 68, no. 2 (1985): 163–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/68.2.163.

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Abstract A liquid chromatographic (LC) method was adapted for the determination of epinephrine and related impurities in intravenous and cardiac injections; ultraviolet (UV) and electrochemical detectors (EC) were used in series. Epinephrine was determined and related impurities, i.e., adrenalone, epinephrine sulfonic acid, and norepinephrine, were detected directly in a small portion of the injection solution. Diastereoisomers of the epinephrine enantiomers were prepared by derivatization and determined by LC with a UV detector. The recovery of epinephrine added to epinephrine injection was 100%. The recovery of d-enantiomer from ad, I mixture was 100%. Impurities at levels &lt; 1% were easily detected. The LC method with UV detection is faster and more convenient than the USP XX method. In addition, impurities can be detected in the same portion of sample. The procedure is stability- indicating.

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47

Wentzell, Peter D., Michael J. Hatton, Paul M. Shiundu, et al. "Computer-controlled apparatus for automated development of continuous flow methods." Journal of Automatic Chemistry 11, no. 5 (1989): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1463924689000453.

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An automated apparatus to assist in the development of analytical continuous flow methods is described. The system is capable of controlling and monitoring a variety of pumps, valves, and detectors through an IBM PC-AT compatible computer. System components consist of two types of peristaltic pumps (including a multiple pump unit), syringe pumps, electrically and pneumatically actuated valves, and an assortment of spectrophotometric and electrochemical detectors. Details of the interface circuitry are given where appropriate. To demonstrate the utility of the system, an automatically generated response surface is presented for the flow injection determination of iron(II) by its reaction with 1,10-phenanthroline.

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48

Han, Evelina J. Y., Kannan Palanisamy, Jamie Hinks, and Stefan Wuertz. "Parameter Selection for a Microvolume Electrochemical Escherichia coli Detector for Pairing with a Concentration Device." Sensors 19, no. 11 (2019): 2437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19112437.

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Waterborne infections are responsible for health problems worldwide and their prompt and sensitive detection in recreational and potable water is of great importance. Bacterial identification and enumeration in water samples ensures water is safe for its intended use. Culture-based methods can be time consuming and are usually performed offsite. There is a need to for automated and distributed at-source detectors for water quality monitoring. Herein we demonstrate a microvolume Escherichia coli (E. coli) detector based on a screen printed electrode (SPE) bioelectroanalytical system and explore to what extent performance can be improved by coupling it with a filtration device. To confidently benchmark detector performance, we applied a statistical assessment method to target optimal detection of a simulated concentrated sample. Our aim was to arrive at a holistic understanding of device performance and to demonstrate system improvements based on these insights. The best achievable detection time for a simulated 1 CFU mL−1 sample was 4.3 (±0.6) h assuming no loss of performance in the filtration step. The real filtered samples fell short of this, extending detection time to 16–18 h. The loss in performance is likely to arise from stress imposed by the filtration step which inhibited microbial growth rates.

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49

Aida, Nur, Kenji Ishibashi, Shouhei Nakamura, Soya Tsuda, and Ima Hayashi. "ELECTROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS ON OUTPUT CURRENTS OF NEUTRINO ANTINEUTRINO-SENSITIVE APPARATUS." AGRIBUSINESS JOURNAL 12, no. 2 (2019): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/aj.v12i2.11866.

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We analyze the interaction of antineutrinos with water particle in electrochemical detectors. We postulate that some biological products generate a scalar auxiliary field B0 which breaks low-energy antineutrinos into boson vb and fermion v f particles. Low-energy anti neutrinos are suggested to interact with water molecules and produce output currents. We examine the output current of neutrino interactions in the electrochemical apparatus with chemical-reaction equations and half-cell model under postulated influence of weak interaction. The environmental neutrino is analysed. The output currents are treated to be generated by hydrogen ion and oxygen with the half-cell model with inclusion of weak interaction effect on hydrooxide ion recombination.

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50

Shahid, Mehmood, Yiqiang Zhan, Waqar Ahmed, and Suresh Sagadevan. "Cobalt oxide-based nanomaterial for electrochemical sensor applications." Malaysian NANO-An International Journal 1, no. 1 (2021): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/mnij.vol1no1.4.

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Amongst the extended list of metal oxides, Co3O4 has gained envisioned attention in various technological fields. It has a proven record of promising material in optical, optoelectronics, sciences, engineering, medicines and biological fields of studies. Co3O4 is a promising candidate due to its large surface-to-volume ratio, simple preparation methods, higher well-defined electrochemical redox activity, high theoretical capacity, low cost, and stable chemical states. Co3O4 has been used in various applications such as fuel cells, photoelectrochemical water splitting, solar cells, supercapacitors, batteries and electrochemical sensors due to its applicability in various fields. It has shown promising outcomes as an electrochemical sensor in various areas such as in the detection of water contamination, as physiological molecule detectors etc. this mini-review summarizes the fields of contaminated water, as fuel and also in the physiological system.

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