Academic literature on the topic 'Electrochemical techniques'

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Journal articles on the topic "Electrochemical techniques"

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Pedersen, Steen Uttrup, and Kim Daasbjerg. "ChemInform Abstract: Electrochemical Techniques." ChemInform 33, no. 42 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200242297.

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Odijk, Mathieu, and Albert van den Berg. "Nanoscale Electrochemical Sensing and Processing in Microreactors." Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry 11, no. 1 (2018): 421–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-125642.

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In this review, we summarize recent advances in nanoscale electrochemistry, including the use of nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, and nanowires. Exciting developments are reported for nanoscale redox cycling devices, which can chemically amplify signal readout. We also discuss promising high-frequency techniques such as nanocapacitive CMOS sensor arrays or heterodyning. In addition, we review electrochemical microreactors for use in (drug) synthesis, biocatalysis, water treatment, or to electrochemically degrade urea for use in a portable artificial kidney. Electrochemical microreactors ar
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Unwin, P. R., J. V. Macpherson, M. A. Beeston, N. J. Evans, D. Littlewood, and N. P. Hughes. "New Electrochemical Techniques for Probing Phase Transfer Dynamics at Dental Interfaces in Vitro." Advances in Dental Research 11, no. 4 (1997): 548–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374970110042401.

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Phase transfer reactions such as dissolution, precipitation, sorption, and desorption are important in a wide range of processes on dental hard tissue surfaces. An overview is provided of several new complementary electrochemical techniques which are capable of probing the dynamics of such processes at solid/liquid interfaces from millimeter- to nanometer-length scales, with a variable time resolution down to the sub-millisecond level. Techniques considered include channel flow methods with electrochemical detection, which allow reactions at solid/liquid interfaces to be studied under well-def
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Shitrit, Ariel, Sandhya Mardhekar, Israel Alshanski, et al. "Profiling Heparan Sulfate-Heavy Metal Ions Interaction Using Electrochemical Techniques." Chem. Eur. J. 2022, no. 28 (2022): e202202193. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202202193.

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Heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans provides extracellular matrix defense against heavy metals cytotoxicity. Identifying the precise glycan sequences that bind a particular heavy metal ion is a key for understanding those interactions. Here, electrochemical and surface characterization techniques were used to elucidate the relation between the glycans structural motifs, uronic acid stereochemistry, and sulfation regiochemistry to heavy metal ions binding. A divergent strategy was employed to access a small library of structurally well-defined tetrasaccharides analogs with different sulfation pa
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KARAZEHİR, Tolga. "Effect of Supporting Electrolyte on Capacitance and Impedance Properties of Electrodeposited PEDOT/ERGO Electrodes for Supercapacitor." Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 6, no. 1 (2023): 854–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1218141.

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In this study, the ability of Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (PEDOT/ERGO) electrodes for supercapacitors to store electrical energy is studied. PEDOT/ERGO electrodes are produced using a simple two-step electrochemical method that involves electrochemically reduction of graphene oxide, and then PEDOT is electrochemically deposited onto the ERGO in different electrolyte solutions. Electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are utilized to investigat
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Bedoya-Lora, Franky E., Isaac Holmes-Gentle, and Anna Hankin. "Electrochemical techniques for photoelectrode characterisation." Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 29 (June 2021): 100463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsc.2021.100463.

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Liu, Z. F., K. Morigaki, K. Hashimoto, and A. Fujishima. "New applications of electrochemical techniques." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 65, no. 1-2 (1992): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1010-6030(92)85053-w.

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Zielonka, A., and H. Fauser. "Advanced Materials by Electrochemical Techniques*." Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 1, no. 1 (1997): 195–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/zpch.1997.1.1.195.

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Zielonka, A., and H. Fauser. "Advanced Materials by Electrochemical Techniques*." Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 208, Part_1_2 (1999): 195–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/zpch.1999.208.part_1_2.195.

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Yin, Jian, and Peng Miao. "Apoptosis Evaluation by Electrochemical Techniques." Chemistry - An Asian Journal 11, no. 5 (2015): 632–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.201501045.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electrochemical techniques"

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Mitchell-Smith, Jonathon. "Advancing electrochemical jet machining techniques." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/54833/.

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Electrochemical Jet Processing (EJP) techniques have been traditionally limited in application by the inherent geometric inflexibility and limited process precision in comparison to alternative processes. It has been stated that process resultant geometries are defined by the Gaussian in-jet energy distribution and the hydrodynamic stagnation region formed under a jet on an impinging surface. This thesis reports upon investigations and innovations designed to challenge these assumptions. EJP is an emergent manufacturing process with a unique capability of subtraction and deposition of metals w
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Xu, Xiaoyin. "Application of electrochemical techniques to tribology." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419874.

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Martin, Rachel D. "Development and application of dynamic electrochemical techniques." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263603.

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Wolowacz, Sorrel Elizabeth. "Novel immobilisation techniques for amperometric biosensors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319586.

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Coombs, Anthony John Martin. "Electroanalytical techniques for cases of medical interest." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.257739.

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Edwards, Martin Andrew. "Development of electrochemical probe microscopy and related techniques." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2008. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1958/.

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This thesis presents work on the development of a number of scanned electrochemical probe microscopies. Such techniques have widespread applications, from materials science to the life sciences. Advances in flexible instrumentation, coupled with the theoretical description of electrochemical systems, are central themes which allowed for the fruitful investigation of a variety of experimental systems. Theoretical descriptions of scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) were developed, particularly to investigate the effect of tip-geometry on imaging resolution. This technique has already foun
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Taylor, Sarah Frances Rebecca. "Green catalyst preparation using electrochemical and mechanochemical techniques." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.580117.

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The conventional method for synthesis of supported metal catalysts is a multi step reaction that produces large amounts of waste. The focus of this work has been to look at alternative methods of catalyst production which eliminate or lower the number of steps and therefore waste produced. The aim of the project was to synthesise supported metal catalysts by alternative (greener) techniques and then to test these catalysts alongside conventional catalysts for improved and novel activity. It was proposed that catalysts could be synthesized by a novel electrochemical route where the pure metal i
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Evans, Nicholas John. "Development of electrochemical techniques for investigating interfacial processes." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340484.

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Tan, Sze-yin. "Advanced electrochemical techniques for investigating electron transfer kinetics." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/93622/.

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Heterogenous interfacial electron transfer processes are of fundamental and applied importance to electrochemists and are extensively studied by a wide range of electrochemical techniques. This thesis focuses on the development of analysis strategies and electrochemical methodologies for more detailed quantitative investigations of electron transfer kinetics at a plethora of electrode materials, with an emphasis on carbon-based materials. Of interest are the techniques of Fourier-transformed large amplitude alternating current voltammetry (FTACV) and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM).
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Kuleshova, Jekaterina. "An investigation of electrochemical techniques in acoustic environments." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/71833/.

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A new system for the generation of hydrodynamic modulation voltammetry (HMV) is presented. This system consists of an oscillating jet produced through the mechanical vibration of a large membrane/piston. The structure of the cell is such that a relatively small vibration is transferred to a large (~ 1 m s-1) fluid flow at the jet outlet. High-speed imaging of the system shows vortex behaviour of the flow at the exit of the jet. Positioning of an electrode over the exit of this jet enables the detection of the modulated flow of liquid. The periodic character of the signal recorded at the electr
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Books on the topic "Electrochemical techniques"

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Robert, Baboian, and National Association of Corrosion Engineers. Unit Committee T-3L on Electrochemical and Electrical Techniques for Corrosion Measurement and Control., eds. Electrochemical techniques for corrosion engineering. National Association of Corrosion Engineers, 1986.

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Umasankar, Yogeswaran, Kumar S. Ashok, and Chen Shen-Ming, eds. Nanostructured materials for electrochemical biosensors. Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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1950-, Junter Guy Alain, ed. Electrochemical detection techniques in the applied biosciences. Ellis Horwood, 1988.

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Martin, Rachel D. Development and application of dynamic electrochemical techniques. typescript, 1997.

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G, Kelly R., ed. Electrochemical techniques in corrosion science and engineering. Marcel Dekker, 2003.

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Visy, Csaba. In situ Combined Electrochemical Techniques for Conducting Polymers. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53515-9.

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1936-, Varma Ravi, Selman J. R, and Electrochemical Society, eds. Techniques for characterization of electrodes and electrochemical processes. Wiley, 1991.

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Papavinasam, Sankara, Neal S. Berke, and Sean Brossia, eds. Advances in Electrochemical Techniques for Corrosion Monitoring and Measurement. ASTM International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp1506-eb.

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Dorfi, Anna. In Situ Scanning Probe Techniques for Evaluating Electrochemical Systems. [publisher not identified], 2020.

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D, Abruña Héctor, ed. Electrochemical interfaces: Modern techniques for in-situ interface characterization. VCH Pub., 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Electrochemical techniques"

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Taberna, Pierre-Louis, and Patrice Simon. "Electrochemical Techniques." In Supercapacitors. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527646661.ch3.

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Chen, Gang, and Yuehe Lin. "Electrochemical Techniques." In Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics. Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5491-5_403.

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Gordon, M. H., and R. Macrae. "Electrochemical techniques." In Instrumental Analysis in the Biological Sciences. Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1521-6_13.

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Daws, Lynette C., Anne M. Andrews, and Greg A. Gerhardt. "Electrochemical Techniques." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36172-2_311.

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Fifield, F. W., and D. Kealey. "Electrochemical Techniques." In Principles and Practice of Analytical Chemistry. Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2179-2_6.

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Chen, Gang, and Yuehe Lin. "Electrochemical Techniques." In Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics. Springer US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27758-0_403-5.

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Kuznetsov, S. A. "Electrochemical Techniques." In Molten Salts: From Fundamentals to Applications. Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0458-9_11.

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Weppner, Werner. "Electrochemical Measurement Techniques." In NATO ASI Series. Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0509-5_7.

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Broomfield, John P. "Electrochemical repair techniques." In Corrosion of Steel in Concrete, 3rd ed. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003223016-7.

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Lvov, Serguei N. "Electrochemical Techniques II." In Introduction to Electrochemical Science and Engineering, 2nd ed. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315296852-7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Electrochemical techniques"

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Baboian, R. "Predicting Galvanic Corrosion Using Electrochemical Techniques." In CORROSION 1985. NACE International, 1985. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1985-85058.

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Electrochemical techniques for predicting galvanic corrosion are based on three types of measurements. These are mixed potential, galvanic current, and polarization measurements.1,2 Although each of these techniques has been used widely, careful experimentation is required in order to obtain useful information. In many cases, more than one technique is required to characterize a specific couple.
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Van Orden, Ann Chidester. "Electrochemical Measurement of Corrosion Rate." In CORROSION 1991. NACE International, 1991. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1991-91140.

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Abstract An overview of laboratory techniques for electrochemically measuring corrosion rate in aqueous solutions is presented. Techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, polarization resistance, and potentiostatic polarization are discussed along with the assumptions made in using each technique. A short summary of the electrochemical background for each measurement is included with possible concerns that are not usually emphasized in making the calculations of corrosion rate. Measuring corrosion rate in the presence of localized corrosion is mentioned with some references to
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Abayarathna, Dharma, and Ali Naraghi. "Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibitors for CO2 Corrosion Using Electrochemical and Non- Electrochemical Techniques." In CORROSION 2001. NACE International, 2001. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2001-01060.

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Abstract Corrosion control of carbon steel in oil and gas production with the application of chemicals is widely used due to simplicity of application, availability and economic reasons. The successful corrosion control programs require cost effective corrosion inhibitors that retard the corrosion reactions providing protection. The corrosion inhibitors that are designed to mitigate CO2 corrosion are evaluated using electrochemical and non-electrochemical techniques in this study. These techniques included electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), polarization resistance, Tafel extrapolati
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Cameron, Glenn R., and Allen S. Chiu. "Electrochemical Techniques for Corrosion Inhibitor Studies." In CORROSION 1985. NACE International, 1985. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1985-85086.

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Abstract Alternating current (AC) impedance and direct current (DC) electrochemical measurements can be used to examine protective inhibitor films on mild steel. AC impedance provides information on the resistive and capacitive behavior, while linear polarization measurements determine polarization resistance, modelled Tafel slopes and instantaneous corrosion rates. AC impedance data can only be used to calculate corrosion rates by incorporating linear polarization Tafel constants.
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Bakama, J., and R. Heidersbach. "Electrochemical Techniques for Determining Potential-pH Diagrams." In CORROSION 1985. NACE International, 1985. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1985-85067.

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Abstract Potential-pH (Pourbaix) diagrams were developed as a means of presenting large amounts of thermodynamic data in a means useful to practicing corrosion engineers and electrochemists. While thermodynamically-based diagrams have received wide acceptance in many fields, they have several important limitations including: They cannot be calculated for alloys.They cannot adequately predict which of several possible species is most likely to form.They cannot predict the kinetics of electrode reactions.They cannot predict the effectiveness of passive films which form on electrode surfaces. The
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Monter, J. V., J. M. Jevec, and G. J. Theus. "Chemical Cleaning Endpoint Determination Using Electrochemical Techniques." In CORROSION 1985. NACE International, 1985. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1985-85186.

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Abstract Theoretically, it is possible to use a measure of voltage difference (ΔE) between an iron electrode and a second electrode to follow the concentration of iron in chemical cleaning solutions, as predicted by the following equation: ΔE=A+Blog[Fe]where A and B are characteristics of the cleaning solvent. Field evaluations of this theory were performed during three superheater/reheater cleanings. In these cleanings, a set of probes was used to continuously monitor the voltage difference between a platinum electrode and a carbon steel electrode. The voltage difference between these probes
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Eden, D. A. "Electrochemical Noise - the First Two Octaves." In CORROSION 1998. NACE International, 1998. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1998-98386.

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Abstract Electrochemical noise techniques have been used to study corrosion related processes since the early 1980's. Preliminary studies of the electrochemical characteristics of localised corrosion phenomena, in particular pitting and cavitation attack, established the sensitivity of the technique for the detection of spontaneous changes in corrosion processes. Throughout the last sixteen years, the fundamental principles and methodology behind the measurements has changed little, but with the advent of the computer age, improved data acquisition, signal processing, and fast analysis techniq
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Klassen, R. D., and P. R. Roberge. "Analyzing Electrochemical Noise Data with Time-Domain Techniques." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04447.

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Abstract This article introduces two techniques for characterizing individual transients in electrochemical noise (EN) data in the time domain. These approaches extract information from only electrochemical transients in EN data, i.e. where current and potential are correlated. An algorithm is introduced for identifying transients based on locating records where both the current and potential derivatives are simultaneously zero. A measure of the intensity of the transient was obtained from the current amplitude near the transient apex. A measure of the uniform corrosion rate of the less active
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Bond, A. P., E. A. Lizlovs, H. J. Dundas, and A. Poznansky. "Development of Corrosion Resistant Alloys Using Electrochemical Techniques." In CORROSION 1985. NACE International, 1985. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1985-85068.

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In the development of corrosion resistant alloys, the first problem that must be faced is deciding how best to evaluate corrosion resistance. Normally, accelerated testing of some sort must be used since in many applications, it is expected that the alloys will give quite long service. Many accelerated exposure type tests have been used but the difficulties encountered include the necessity that the corrosive environment be severe enough to cause some corrosion of all or most of the alloys involved while not being so severe as to cause catastrophic corrosion of many of the alloys. Certainly th
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Murray, John N., John R. Scully, and Patrick J. Moran. "Electrochemical Techniques for the Study of Underground Corrosion." In CORROSION 1986. NACE International, 1986. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1986-86271.

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Abstract Plain carbon steel and coated pipeline samples are being studied in soils and simulant solutions. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is being utilized to determine the corrosion current and the corroding surface area. Data from soil boxes, three distinct field areas, and simulant aqueous solutions are presented and discussed.
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Reports on the topic "Electrochemical techniques"

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Roy, Ajit. Galvanic corrosion testing using electrochemical and immersion techniques. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2647.

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Bruce W. Bussert, John A. Crowley, Kenneth J. Kimball, and Brian J. Lashway. The Use of Electrochemical Techniques to Characterize Wet Steam Environments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/821376.

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Hu, Hongqiang, Claire Xiong, Mike Hurley, and Ju Li. Establishing New Capability of High Temperature Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Techniques for Equilibrium and Kinetic Experiments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1468632.

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Wongpakdeea, Thinnapong, Karin Crenshaw, Hery Figueroa Wong, Duangjai Nacapricha, and Bruce McCord. Advancements in Analytical Techniques for Rapid Identification of Gunshot Residue and Low Explosives through Electrochemical Detection and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Florida International University, 2024. https://doi.org/10.25148/gfjcsr.2024.7.

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This research focuses on developing two analytical methods for forensic investigations using electrochemical detection and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. For electrochemical analysis, screen-printed carbon electrodes are used to detect metals and nitrate/nitrite compounds commonly found in gunshot residue. Gold electrodeposition and copper modification enhance sensitivity and catalytic activity, respectively. Additionally, a screen-printed gold electrode modified with gold nanoparticles enables surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, requiring only a single drop of sample solution. Testing
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Firsich, D. Electrochemical techniques for the analysis of corrosion in stainless steel components. 303 stainless steel in contact with TATB. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5334364.

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Glasscott, Matthew, Johanna Jernberg, Erik Alberts, and Lee Moores. Toward the electrochemical detection of 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43826.

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Analytical methods to rapidly detect explosive compounds with high precision are paramount for applications ranging from national security to environmental remediation. This report demonstrates two proof-of-concept electroanalytical methods for the quantification of 2,4-dinitroanisol (DNAN) and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). For the first time, DNAN reduction was analyzed and compared at a bare graphitic carbon electrode, a polyaniline-modified (PANI) electrode, and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) electrode utilizing PANI to explore the effect of surface-area and preconcentration a
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Glasscott, Matthew, and Jason Ray. Accelerated corrosion of infrastructural seven-strand cables via additively manufactured corrosion flow cells. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47606.

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The purpose of this project was to generate an accelerated corrosion methodology capable of producing seven-strand cables with simulated corrosive defects for calibration of nondestructive analysis (NDA) techniques. An additively manufactured accelerated corrosion cell was motivated and designed. Previous attempts at accelerated electrochemical corrosion used a large cable area with a current density that was too low (i.e., 1 A/m²)* to effectuate efficient corrosion. The accelerated corrosion cell presented here takes advantage of the restricted area within the corrosion flow cell to maximize
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Brousseau, R., and Mr Bob Gummow. CR-6352 Research into Methods of Mitigating External Corrosion Underneath Unbonded Dielectric Coating. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011776.

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The main objective of this research program was to determine whether or not cost effective methods could be developed and applied to mitigate corrosion occurring on the external surface of a pipeline beneath unbonded or disbonded coating. Conventional cathodic protection techniques have not been completely successful in preventing underfilm corrosion particularly in fresh water and soils environments. Two new methods were investigated for mitigating corrosion. These involved modifying the traditional cathodic protection approach used in the field. In the laboratory, the measurements were perfo
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Beauregard, Yannick. PR261-193604-R01 Optimizing Stress Corrosion Cracking Management - Field and Economic Study. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012179.

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This work aims to improve pipeline segment prioritization for stress corrosion cracking (SCC) excavations. Specifically, it is aimed at optimizing the technical accuracy and the cost of the Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP, formerly NACE) Stress Corrosion Cracking Direct Assessment (SP0204-2015) process by: - evaluating the SCC susceptibility criteria of soil property parameters that were proposed in the first phase of the project (pH, resistivity, sulfide concentration, soil carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, carbonate concentration, soil oxygen (O2) concentration,
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Niles, Kendall, Jason Ray, Kenneth Niles, Andrew Maxwell, and Anton Netchaev. Monitoring for analytes through LoRa and LoRaWAN technology. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/49457.

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The purpose of this research is to investigate the use of a communication network utilizing Long Range (LoRa) low-power wide-area network protocol for the telemetry of detected target chemicals. The sensor platform under development allows traditional electrochemical techniques to be executed with a low Size, Weight, and Power (low SWaP) system that is deployable using an autonomous or remote-controlled vehicle. Once in the field, the sensors communicate target chemical concentrations to a centralized gateway through LoRa to an Internet of Things (IoT) network. Researchers are currently deploy
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