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Academic literature on the topic 'Électrocinétique (effets d'interface)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Électrocinétique (effets d'interface)"
Ben, Salah Manel. "Comportement électrocinétique de mélanges kaolinite-smectite." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEE005.
Full textThis thesis work focused on the electrokinetic treatment of clay soil. The aim is to study the evolution of the structure of kaolinite + smectite mixtures polluted with lead after an electrokinetic treatment. The aim is to understand the possible variations in the mechanical properties of soils after electrokinetics. From a structural point of view, generally small variations in porosity (mercury porosimetry) were observed after the electrokinetic treatment
Anres, Philippe. "Développement de nouvelles méthodologies de préconcentration électrocinétique in-situ en électrophorèse capillaire pour l'analyse de traces." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066345.
Full textCapillary electrophoresis is a powerful separation technique, but it suffers from a lack of sensitivity when optical detectors are used. In order to resolve this problem, in-situ electrokinetic preconcentration techniques are available. During these researches, some of these techniques had been investigated. First of all, it was shown the coating of silica capillary walls by linear polyacrylamide reduced efficiently the electroosmotic flow even in complex acidic media which improve the electrokinetic preconcentration yields. Secondly, the hyphenation of field amplification with electrokinetic injection and “sweeping” was examined. The mechanism of this technique was deeply studied thanks to chemometric approaches and simulation. The results allowed to clarify the influence of experimental parameters and to simplify the optimization procedure. Following these results, an analytical procedure for the analyses of herbicides in tap water was developed and detection near to the specified level of European Union was obtained without any extraction procedure. Thirdly, it was shown the utilization of ionic liquids in the so-called technique “Micelle to Solvent Stacking” provided sensibility enhancements of 10 by comparison with classical surfactants (application to herbicides and anti-inflammatory drugs). Finally, thanks to the use of a specific aptamer, a proof of concept was developed for the selective preconcentration of Ochratoxine A in wine. This last work open new perspectives for the utilization of these biological tools in capillary electrophoresis
Pusset, Raphaël. "Détermination des propriétés de charge d'espèces en solution : analyse et mise au point d'une technique électroacoustique." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066575.
Full textThe stability of a solution containing charged species depends on the size and on the electric charge of the chemical entities suspended in the solution as well as on the properties of the solvent. In particular, the electric charge is at the origin of the electrostatic forces between the charged entities. This electric charge determines their tendancy to agregate and to sediment or not over time ; this information is essential in areas such as cosmetics or pharmaceuticals. However, determining these charge properties is difficult. They maybe quantified by the stuctural charge of the object, which is rarely measured or by the effective charge often estimated by means electrophoretic mobility or zeta potential. The usual method to determine the electrophoretic mobility is the electrophoresis but this technique cannot be used for opaque suspensions, concentrated suspensions and suspensions with high conductivity. The scarcely used acoustophoretic method allows us to bypass these difficulties. This technique is the only one adapted to concentrated or opaque environments as well as many solutions of indutrial interest, whatever the size of the charged species, from the ion to micrometric particles. The principle of measurement (predicted by Debye, J. Chem. Phys, 1, 13 (1933)) is the analysis of the electric response of the solution under a pressure wave. Our objectve was to design and industrialize an acoutophoresis prototype having the three following charateristics : a much smaller sampling volume than previous devices, direct access to the raw signal, specific tools for the treatment of the signal and a better understanding of the technical possibilities of the techique. Firstly, the report presents the notions necessary to describe the environment of charged objects in a solution and the electrokinetic techniques available to characterize such charged systems. Secondly the analysis of the literature and of actual devices allows us to understand the current state of the technique from both theoretical and experimental points of view. Thirdly we explain the conception and the development of our prototype as a finish product with the desired characteristics. Finally, we present measurements on several model systems, which validate the efficiency of our innovative prototype
Lestriez, Bernard. "Contribution à l'étude de l'adhésion entre réseaux polyépoxy et thermoplastiques amorphes vitreux : interface versus interphase." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAL0007.
Full textThe adhesion between a thermoplastic and a thermoset is of a practical interest for polymer blends and gradient structures. In this study, planar interfaces between high-Tg thermoplastics PPE or PEI and aromatic epoxy-amine networks are prepared by joining at different conversions of the epoxy groups, Xe, followed by a complete curing. A special emphasis is done on the change of the epoxy polymer surface properties as a function of conversion and stoichiometry through surface energy measurement and atomic force microscopic (AFM) analysis. The structure of the interfacial regions was analyzed by means of scanning, SEM, transmission electron microscopy, TEM, and AFM. The morphologies of the interfaces resulting from casting a reactive epoxy mixture on a thermoplastic sheet are very different given the phase diagram of the thermoplastic - reactive thermoset system. If the phase diagram indicates that these ones are non-miscible whatever the epoxy conversion are, the interface is very thin ( < 20 nm). In the opposite, a gap-range of miscibility allows a diffusion of the comonomers in the thermoplastic layer for low epoxy conversion, Xe < 0,20, at the curing temperature. As a consequence, a 200 to 400 1-LID thick interphase is observed. A gradient morphology results from the gradient composition at phase separation. The fracture energy (Ge) of the interface is measured from the asymmetric double cantilever beam test, ADCB, on cured epoxy thermoplastic interfaces and failure mechanisms are examined using TEM deformed microtomed interfaces and SEM separated surfaces. Gc is found very dependent on the processing conditions and can be related to the presence or not of grafted PPE chains at interface or to the particular morphology of the interphase. Such a study can be used to design the interfaces between an epoxy network and a thermoplastic
Brochier, Renaud. "Formation et structure électronique des interfaces manganèse sur la face (100) de l'arséniure d'indium et manganèse sur la face (100) hydrogenée du silicium." Cergy-Pontoise, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CERGA001.
Full textIn the first part we have studied InAs(100)-4x2/c(8x2) clean surface by STM and by photoemission. STM measurements reveal the role of defects in the reconstruction of the surface. One-dimensional indium chains have been observed in the [110] direction. Atomic distance in the chains is of 3. 9 Å. The periodicity corresponding to 3. 9 Å has been confirmed by angle resolved photoemission experiments. In the following, we have studied the formation of Mn/InAs(100)-4x2/c(8x2) interface by core-level and valence band photoemission. We have shown that for low Mn coverages (less than 2 monolayers) on the substrate heated to 200ʿC manganese atoms diffuse into the InAs substrate and replace indium atoms. By such a technique of deposition a diluted magnetic semiconductor can be prepared. We have measured its magnetic moment by XMCD. In the last part we have studied Si(100)-H clean surface and Mn/Si(100)-H interface formation. We observed a disordered deposition of Mn atoms on the hydrogen layer, as well as a diffusion of the manganese between the hydrogen layer and the substrate
Benseghir, Abdelmadjid. "Transition électrostatique-électrocinétique : point de vue historique et analyse des difficultés des élèves." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA077011.
Full textSaadi, Jalel. "Les conceptions et les difficultés des étudiants concernant l'électrocinétique en courant alternatif : essai de remédiation en utilisant la simulation modélisante." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10133.
Full textNachbaur, Laurent. "Etude de l'influence d'électrolytes sur l'hydratation et la prise du silicate tricalcique, composant principal du ciment Portland : Caractérisation des interactions à l'origine de la prise." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOS055.
Full textPérès, Irène. "Modélisation de la cinétique électronique et ionique dans les compteurs proportionnels cylindriques." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30035.
Full textDarnet, Mathieu. "Caractérisation et suivi de circulations de fluides par la mesure de Potentiels Spontanés (PS)." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2003/DARNET_Mathieu_2003.pdf.
Full textBooks on the topic "Électrocinétique (effets d'interface)"
Rosset, G. Électrocinétique: MPSI. Bréal, 2003.