Relevant bibliographies by topics / Electrode mappings

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Electrode mappings'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Electrode mappings"

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Garde, Henrik, and Nuutti Hyvönen. "Mimicking relative continuum measurements by electrode data in two-dimensional electrical impedance tomography." Numerische Mathematik 147, no. 3 (February 15, 2021): 579–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00211-020-01170-8.

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AbstractThis paper introduces a constructive method for approximating relative continuum measurements in two-dimensional electrical impedance tomography based on data originating from either the point electrode model or the complete electrode model. The upper bounds for the corresponding approximation errors explicitly depend on the number (and size) of the employed electrodes as well as on the regularity of the continuum current that is mimicked. In particular, if the input current and the object boundary are infinitely smooth, the discrepancy associated with the point electrode model converges to zero faster than any negative power of the number of electrodes. The results are first proven for the unit disk via trigonometric interpolation and quadrature rules, and they are subsequently extended to more general domains with the help of conformal mappings.
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Oproiu, Ana Maria, Ioan Lascar, Octavian Dontu, Catalin Florea, Rodica Scarlet, Ioana Sebe, Lidia Dobrescu, et al. "Topography of the Human Ulnar Nerve for Mounting a Neuro-Prosthesis with Sensory Feedback." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 9 (October 15, 2018): 2494–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.9.6561.

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This article presents the performed experimental measurements for connecting a sensory feedback neuro-prosthesis to the peripheral nervous system of a patient with forearm amputation. The experiments focused on the ring finger motion�s neuron control in the forearm prosthesis and on the neural path transmission of the tactile sensation coming from the pressure sensors fitted on the small finger phalanges (F5). For the ring finger, both motor control and sensory feedback are transmitted through the ulnar nerve�s motor axons, respectively by the ulnar nerve�s sensory axons. At the beginning of this study, the topography of the ulnar nerve has been performed, in order to identify the axons by which motor controls are transmitted for the small finger movement (F5) and the axons through which small finger (F5) tactile information is transmitted. A Carl Zeiss S8 electronic microscope was used to analyze the ulnar nerve�s transverse sections for an anonymous patient. Cross sections in the ulnar nerve have been examined, from the tip of the small finger (F5) to the shoulder area. The separately mappings of motor and sensory axons from the ulnar nerve at the wrist�s level and at the elbow�s level were then performed. 3D modeling was performed using CATIA software solution for mapping the axon topography in the ulnar nerve. By means of the ulnar nerve�s 3D topographic map, the optimal place for the implantation of both motor control electrodes and small finger (F5) sensory feedback electrodes were identified in the particular case of a patient with forearm amputation. Subsequently, by surgical procedures, experimental implantation of a motor control electrode for the small finger (F5) from a neuro-prosthesis was performed as well as a sensory feedback electrode for the same finger. For the next two weeks, measurements were made while the patient has been learning to move the small finger (F5) of the neuro-prosthesis and feel the tactile sensation from this finger. After these two weeks the electrodes were extracted from the patient�s stump by surgery.
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Kakemoto, Hirofumi, Jianyong Li, Takakiyo Harigai, Song Min Nam, Satoshi Wada, and Takaaki Tsurumi. "High Frequency Dielectric Permittivity Measurement of Dielectric Layer of MLCC Using Non-Contact Probe." Key Engineering Materials 350 (October 2007): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.350.243.

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Direct observations for high frequency microscopic dielectric distributions in cross sections of a multi-layer ceramic capacitor were carried out using non-contact type microwave probe. The measured data were imaged from the raw data and rounding data process. Using microwave reflection intensity mappings from cross sections of multi-layer ceramic capacitor, the dielectric permittivity distribution in micro-region of a multi-layer ceramic capacitor was measured at room temperature. The spatial resolution was experimentally estimated to be about 10 μm from mappings of the dielectric and inner electrode layers in a multi-layer ceramic capacitor.
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Adamatzky, Andrew, Jörg Schnauß, and Florian Huber. "Actin droplet machine." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 12 (December 2019): 191135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191135.

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The actin droplet machine is a computer model of a three-dimensional network of actin bundles developed in a droplet of a physiological solution, which implements mappings of sets of binary strings. The actin bundle network is conductive to travelling excitations, i.e. impulses. The machine is interfaced with an arbitrary selected set of k electrodes through which stimuli, binary strings of length k represented by impulses generated on the electrodes, are applied and responses are recorded. The responses are recorded in a form of impulses and then converted to binary strings. The machine’s state is a binary string of length k : if there is an impulse recorded on the i th electrode, there is a ‘1’ in the i th position of the string, and ‘0’ otherwise. We present a design of the machine and analyse its state transition graphs. We envisage that actin droplet machines could form an elementary processor of future massive parallel computers made from biopolymers.
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Rabinowitz, William M., and Donald K. Eddington. "Effects of Channel-to-Electrode Mappings on Speech Reception with the Ineraid Cochlear Implant." Ear and Hearing 16, no. 5 (October 1995): 450–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003446-199510000-00002.

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Parker, Jonathon J., Ryan M. Jamiolkowski, Gerald A. Grant, Scheherazade Le, and Casey H. Halpern. "Hybrid Fluoroscopic and Neurophysiological Targeting of Responsive Neurostimulation of the Rolandic Cortex." Operative Neurosurgery 21, no. 3 (June 16, 2021): E180—E186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opab182.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Precise targeting of cortical surface electrodes to epileptogenic regions defined by anatomic and electrophysiological guideposts remains a surgical challenge during implantation of responsive neurostimulation (RNS) devices. OBJECTIVE To describe a hybrid fluoroscopic and neurophysiological technique for targeting of subdural cortical surface electrodes to anatomic regions with limited direct visualization, such as the interhemispheric fissure. METHODS Intraoperative two-dimensional (2D) fluoroscopy was used to colocalize and align an electrode for permanent device implantation with a temporary in Situ electrode placed for extraoperative seizure mapping. Intraoperative phase reversal mapping technique was performed to distinguish primary somatosensory and motor cortex. RESULTS We applied these techniques to optimize placement of an interhemispheric strip electrode connected to a responsive neurostimulator system for detection and treatment of seizures arising from a large perirolandic cortical malformation. Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) phase reversal technique facilitated neuroanatomic mapping and electrode placement. CONCLUSION In challenging-to-access anatomic regions, fluoroscopy and intraoperative neurophysiology can be employed to augment targeting of neuromodulation electrodes to the site of seizure onset zone or specific neurophysiological biomarkers of clinical interest while minimizing brain retraction.
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Carlson, Jonathan Dennis, Kate Elizabeth McLeod, Pamela Sue McLeod, and Jamelynn Brooke Mark. "Stereotactic Accuracy and Surgical Utility of the O-Arm in Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery." Operative Neurosurgery 13, no. 1 (June 27, 2016): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000001326.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: The stereotactic accuracy of intraoperative imaging is critical to clinical outcome, particularly in “asleep” deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery that typically forgoes neurophysiological techniques. Different intraoperative imaging modalities and associated accuracies have been reported, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and O-arm. OBJECTIVE: To analyze intraoperative O-arm imaging accuracy and to evaluate the utility of microelectrode mapping. METHODS: O-arm images of DBS electrodes were collected during implantation in the subthalamic nucleus in patients with Parkinson disease. Images were fused to postoperative MRI and postoperative CT scans. Stereotactic coordinates for the electrode tip were measured independently. Radial distances between the images were compared. The impact of microelectrode mapping on final DBS electrode positioning was also evaluated. RESULTS: In 71 consecutive DBS electrodes, the average radial error of the electrode tip between the O-arm and MRI was 1.55 ± 0.58 mm. The average radial error between the O-arm and CT was 1.03 ± 0.61 mm. Thus, the O-arm images accurately depicted the position of the electrode. However, in 14% of cases, microelectrode mapping revised the DBS electrode position beyond the preoperative direct target in combination with accurate intraoperative imaging. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative O-arm images reliably and accurately displayed the location of the DBS electrode compared with postoperative CT and MRI images. Microelectrode mapping provided superior subnuclear resolution to imaging. Both intraoperative imaging and microelectrode mapping are effective tools that can be synergistically combined for optimal DBS electrode placement.
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Bradley, D. C., P. R. Troyk, J. A. Berg, M. Bak, S. Cogan, R. Erickson, C. Kufta, et al. "Visuotopic Mapping Through a Multichannel Stimulating Implant in Primate V1." Journal of Neurophysiology 93, no. 3 (March 2005): 1659–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01213.2003.

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We report on our efforts to establish an animal model for the development and testing of a cortical visual prostheses. One-hundred-fifty-two electrodes were implanted in the primary visual cortex of a rhesus monkey. The electrodes were made from iridium with an activated iridium oxide film, which has a large charge capacity for a given surface area, and insulated with parylene-C. One-hundred-fourteen electrodes were functional after implantation. The activity of small (2–3) neuronal clusters was first recorded to map the visually responsive region corresponding to each electrode. The animal was then trained in a memory (delayed) saccade task, first with a visual target, then to a target defined by direct cortical stimulation with coordinates specified by the stimulating electrode's mapped receptive field. The SD of saccade endpoints was ∼2.5 larger for electrically stimulated versus visual saccades; nevertheless, when trial-to-trial scatter was averaged out, the correlation between saccade end points and receptive field locations was highly significant and approached unity after several months of training. Five electrodes were left unused until the monkey was fully trained; when these were introduced, the receptive field-saccade correlations were high on the first day of use ( R = 0.85, P = 0.03 for angle, R = 0.98, P < 0.001 for eccentricity), indicating that the monkey had not learned to perform the task empirically by memorizing reward zones. The results of this experiment suggest the potential for rigorous behavioral testing of cortical visual prostheses in the macaque.
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Han, Seunggu Jude, Zoe Teton, Kunal Gupta, Aaron Kawamoto, and Ahmed M. Raslan. "Novel Use of Stimulating Fence-Post Technique for Functional Mapping of Subcortical White Matter During Tumor Resection: A Technical Case Series." Operative Neurosurgery 19, no. 3 (March 4, 2020): 264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opaa027.

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Abstract Background Maximal safe resection remains a key principle in infiltrating glioma management. Stimulation mapping is a key adjunct for minimizing functional morbidity while “fence-post” procedures use catheters or dye to mark the tumor border at the start of the procedure prior to brain shift. Objective To report a novel technique using stereotactically placed electrodes to guide tumor resection near critical descending subcortical fibers. Methods Navigated electrodes were placed prior to tumor resection along the deep margin bordering presumed eloquent tracts. Stimulation was administered through these depth electrodes for subcortical motor and language mapping. Results Twelve patients were included in this preliminary technical report. Seven patients (7/12, 58%) were in asleep cases, while the other 5 cases (5/12, 42%) were performed awake. Mapping of motor fibers was performed in 8 cases, and language mapping was done in 1 case. In 3 cases, both motor and language mapping were performed using the same depth electrode spanning corticospinal tract and the arcuate fasciculus. Conclusion Stereotactic depth electrode placement coupled with stimulation mapping of white matter tracts can be used concomitantly to demarcate the border between deep tumor margins and eloquent brain, thus helping to maximize extent of resection while minimizing functional morbidity.
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Fan, Xiaoyao, David W. Roberts, Yasmin Kamal, Jonathan D. Olson, and Keith D. Paulsen. "Quantification of Subdural Electrode Shift Between Initial Implantation, Postimplantation Computed Tomography, and Subsequent Resection Surgery." Operative Neurosurgery 16, no. 1 (March 29, 2018): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opy050.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Subdural electrodes are often implanted for localization of epileptic regions. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) is typically acquired to locate electrode positions for planning any subsequent surgical resection. Electrodes are assumed to remain stationary between CT acquisition and resection surgery. OBJECTIVE To quantify subdural electrode shift that occurred between the times of implantation (Crani 1), postoperative CT acquisition, and resection surgery (Crani 2). METHODS Twenty-three patients in this case series undergoing subdural electrode implantation were evaluated. Preoperative magnetic resonance and postoperative CT were acquired and coregistered, and electrode positions were extracted from CT. Intraoperative positions of electrodes and the cortical surface were digitized with a coregistered stereovision system. Movement of the exposed cortical surface was also tracked, and change in electrode positions was calculated relative to both the skull and the cortical surface. RESULTS In the 23 cases, average shift of electrode positions was 8.0 ± 3.3 mm between Crani 1 and CT, 9.2 ± 3.7 mm between CT and Crani 2, and 6.2 ± 3.0 mm between Crani 1 and Crani 2. The average cortical shift was 4.7 ± 1.4 mm with 2.9 ± 1.0 mm in the lateral direction. The average shift of electrode positions relative to the cortical surface between Crani 1 and Crani 2 was 5.5 ± 3.7 mm. CONCLUSION The results show that electrodes shifted laterally not only relative to the skull, but also relative to the cortical surface, thereby displacing the electrodes from their initial placement on the cortex. This has significant clinical implications for resection based upon seizure activity and functional mapping derived from intracranial electrodes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electrode mappings"

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Lester, Kate Erin. "Quantifying Lingua-Palatal Contact Patterns of Fricative Productions by Non-native Students Enrolled in a University German Language Course: An Electropalatography Study." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6820.

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Electropalatography (EPG) is a computer-based tracking system designed to provide real-time visual biofeedback of articulatory contacts occurring during speech production. Historically, EPG technology has proven functional within the treatment and assessment of speech disorders however, application of EPG technology to assist in second language learning has remained limited. The present thesis is part of a larger study examining the effectiveness of using EPG as an advanced instructional tool for assisting second language (L2) learners of German. Fricative productions ([ç], [x], /s/, and /∫/) within real words were gathered from 12 native English speakers enrolled in a second semester university level course to learn German. Speech productions from student participants were compared against native German speakers' productions collected in a previous study, using electrode mappings, percentages of regional contact, and center of gravity measures. These measures revealed different patterns of palatal contact between fricative sounds, between individual subjects, and cross-linguistically. Fricative sound mappings varied visually as speakers generally produced [ç] and [x] with significantly less palatal contact than when producing /s/ and /∫/. Variation across individual subjects was identified as some produced sounds with nearly no posterior palatal contact while others produced sounds asymmetrically or with decreased overall contact. Cross-linguistic differences were apparent as non-native German speakers frequently contacted greater numbers of electrodes with greater force, compared to the natives. It is anticipated that the information included in this thesis will provide insights into the role of EPG technology as an instructional tool for L2 learners.
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Nakagawa, Harumichi, Masatoshi Yamazaki, Motoki Nihei, Ryoko Niwa, Tatsuhiko Arafune, Akira Mishima, Shiho Nashimoto, et al. "Virtual Electrode Polarization-Induced Reentrant Activity." Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7595.

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Arafune, Tatsuhiko, Akira Mishima, Ichiro Sakuma, Hiroshi Inada, Nitaro Shibata, Harumichi Nakagawa, Masatoshi Yamazaki, Haruo Honjo, and Itsuo Kodama. "Virtual Electrode-induced Spiral Reentry in Ventricular Myocardium Perfused in-vitro." Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7602.

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Panagiotelis, Ioannis. "In-vivo oxygen mapping using LODESR imaging." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367502.

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A novel imaging modality is introduced, using Radio-Frequency Longitudinally Detected Electron Spin Resonance (RF-LODESR), capable of providing qualitative and semi-quantitative information on a variety of parameters reflecting physiological function, the most significant being tissue oxygenation. Effective spin-lattice (T1e*) and spin-spin (T2e*) electronic relaxation time maps of the abdomen of living 200 g rats were generated after intravenous administration of a triarylmethyl free radical (TAM). These maps were used to evaluate oxygen distribution. Differences between the liver, kidneys and bladder were noted. Conclusions were made regarding distribution, perfusion and excretion rate of the contrast medium. Ligature induced anoxia in the kidney was also visualised. LODESR involves transverse ESR irradiation with a modulated excitation and observing oscillations in the spin magnetisation parallel to the main magnetic field. The T1e* and T2e* maps were calculated from a set of LODESR signal phase images collected at different detection frequencies. Each phase image also provides qualitative information on tissue oxygen level without any further processing. Additionally, a new method is introduced for measuring T1e, valid for inhomogeneous spectra, based on measuring the spectral area as a function of detection frequency. These methods present alternatives to the conventional transverse ESR linewidth-based oximetry methods, particularly for animal whole body imaging applications.
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方頌恩 and Chung-yan Gardian Fong. "Electro-clinical study and gene mapping of epilepsies." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31981781.

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Fong, Chung-yan Gardian. "Electro-clinical study and gene mapping of epilepsies." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24463826.

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Kim, Hak Jin. "Ion-selective electrodes for simultaneous real-time analysis for soil macronutrients." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4471.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (April 26, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Emmenegger, Leonidas Philip. "Kelvin Probe Electrode for Field Detection of Corrosion of Steel in Concrete." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5944.

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While the Kelvin Probe (KP) has been used in a variety of surface scanning applications, the use of the KP in reinforced concrete structures to detect corrosion has been pioneered by previous work performed at the University of South Florida. However, in that work, the scale and construction of the probes was not suited to use in the field. This is primarily attributable to the small operating disk-to-concrete gap which would make the probe unable to accommodate road conditions, such as irregularities in the grading of the road, and local pitting of the surface. Therefore, it was important to investigate whether the KP can be scaled up while still maintaining resolution and fidelity of the measurements taken. The new mobile KP prototype (MKPP) constructed in this work, has a sensing disk that is approximately 10 cm in diameter and is capable of operating up to 2 cm above the concrete surface. Testing consisted of mapping an instrumented test slab simulating a corroding concrete bridge deck, at a rate of travel of about 0.6 mph (~1 ft/s) over the slab surface. The potential map generated through use of the MKPP successfully identified the corroding spot, the location of which was verified using the traditional half-cell potential mapping method outlined in ASTM C 876-09. The MKPP mapping in these trials was approximately 10 times faster than when using the traditional method. The faster potential mapping by the MKPP, while still identifying corroding sites, should allow for more economical and less intrusive survey of the condition of bridge decks. The work set the necessary proof of concept for future demonstration of an array of such probes which would further magnify the beneficial effect.
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Yeager, John David. "Design and development of metal-polymer film systems for flexible electrodes used in cortical mapping in rats." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2008/j_yeager_070908.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in materials science and engineering)--Washington State University, August 2008.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on Mar. 11, 2009). "School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering." Includes bibliographical references.
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Komjathy, A. "Global ionospheric total electron content mapping using the global positioning system." Thesis, University of New Brunswick, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1882/925.

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Books on the topic "Electrode mappings"

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Seeck, Margitta, and Donald L. Schomer. Intracranial EEG Monitoring. Edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0029.

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Intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) is used to localize the focus of seizures and determine vital adjacent cortex before epilepsy surgery. The two most commonly used electrode types are subdural and depth electrodes. Foramen ovale electrodes are less often used. Combinations of electrode types are possible. The choice depends on the presumed focus site. Careful planning is needed before implantation, taking into account the results of noninvasive studies. While subdural recordings allow better mapping of functional cortex, depth electrodes can reach deep structures. There are no guidelines on how to read ictal intracranial EEG recordings, but a focal onset (<5 contacts) and a high-frequency onset herald a good prognosis. High-frequency oscillations have been described as a potential biomarker of the seizure onset zone. Intracranial recordings provide a focal but magnified view of the brain, which is also exemplified by the use of microelectrodes, which allow the recording of single-unit or multi-unit activity.
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Alarcón, Gonzalo, and Antonio Valentín. Intracranial electroencephalographic recordings. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0012.

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Around 30% of patients assessed for surgery for the treatment of epilepsy require intracranial electrodes to localize the epileptic focus or to identify functionally relevant cortex. Patients can be very different and the various non-invasive techniques used during presurgical assessment often render conflicting or contradictory results. Deciding the type of electrodes to be used and the sites to be implanted can be puzzling. This chapter describes the electrode types available, their indications, and various implantation strategies. This chapter also summarizes the criteria used to interpret chronic and acute (intraoperative) intracranial recordings, as well at the methods used to carry out and interpret functional mapping with electrical stimulation.
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Pederson, Kautzner, and Peichl. Electro-anatomical Mapping of the Heart. Not Avail, 2006.

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Berakdar, Jamal. Electronic Correlation Mapping: From Finite to Extended Systems. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2008.

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Berakdar, Jamal. Electronic Correlation Mapping: From Finite to Extended Systems. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2007.

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Electronic Correlation Mapping: From Finite to Extended Systems. Wiley-VCH, 2006.

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Hong, Claire. Mapping the distribution of cell surface molecules by chromophore localization in the transmission electron microscope via low electron energy loss imaging. 2004.

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Deletis, Vedran, Francesco Sala, and Sedat Ulkatan. Transcranial electrical stimulation and intraoperative neurophysiology of the corticospinal tract. Edited by Charles M. Epstein, Eric M. Wassermann, and Ulf Ziemann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0008.

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Transcranial electrical stimulation is a well-recognized method for corticospinal tract (CT) activation. This article explains the use of TES during surgery and highlights the physiology of the motor-evoked potentials (MEPs). It describes the techniques and methods for brain stimulation and recording of responses. There are two factors that determine the depth of the current penetrating the brain, they are: choice of electrode montage for stimulation over the scalp and the intensity of stimulation. D-wave collision technique is a newly developed technique that allows mapping intraoperatively and finding the anatomical position of the CT within the surgically exposed spinal cord. Different mechanisms may be involved in the pathophysiology of postoperative paresis in brain and spinal cord surgeries so that different MEP monitoring criteria can be used to avoid irreversible damage and accurately predict the prognosis.
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Ilmoniemi, Risto J., and Jari Karhu. TMS and electroencephalography: methods and current advances. Edited by Charles M. Epstein, Eric M. Wassermann, and Ulf Ziemann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0037.

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Electroencephalography (EEG) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) provides detailed real-time information about the state of the cortex. EEG requires only two to four electrodes and can be a part of most TMS studies. When used with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based targeting and conductor modelling, the TMS-EEG combination is a sophisticated brain-mapping tool. This article explains the mechanisms of TMS-evoked EEG. It describes the technique of recording TMS evoked EEG and the possible challenges for the same. Furthermore, it describes possible solutions to these challenges. By varying the TMS intensities, interstimulus intervals, induced current direction, and cortical targets, a rich spectrum of functional information can be obtained. Cortical excitability and connectivity can be studied directly by combining TMS with EEG or other brain-imaging methods, not only in motor, but also nonmotor, areas.
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Janssen, Ted, Gervais Chapuis, and Marc de Boissieu. Physical properties. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824442.003.0005.

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Physical properties of aperiodic crystals present some theoretical challenges due to the lack of three-dimensional periodicity. For the description of the structure there is a periodic representation in higher-dimensional space. For physical properties, however, this scheme cannot be used because the mapping between interatomic forces and the high-dimensional representation is not straightforward. In this chapter methods are described to deal with these problems. First, the hydrodynamic theory of aperiodic crystals and then the phonons and phasons theory are developed and illustrated with some examples. The properties of electrons in aperiodic crystals are also presented. Finally, the experimental findings of phonon and phason modes for modulated and quasicrystals are presented. The chapter also discusses diffuse scattering, the Debye–Waller factor, and electrical conductivity.
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Book chapters on the topic "Electrode mappings"

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Duffy, Frank H., Vasudeva G. Iyer, and Walter W. Surwillo. "Recording Electrodes." In Clinical Electroencephalography and Topographic Brain Mapping, 46–53. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8826-5_7.

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Mansour, Moussa, and Jeremy N. Ruskin. "The Use of Multi-electrode Catheters for Electroanatomical Mapping of Atrial Fibrillation." In Cardiac Mapping, 418–21. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118481585.ch37.

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Goldstein, Joseph I., Dale E. Newbury, Joseph R. Michael, Nicholas W. M. Ritchie, John Henry J. Scott, and David C. Joy. "Compositional Mapping." In Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Microanalysis, 413–39. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6676-9_24.

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Zuo, Jian Min, and John C. H. Spence. "Strain Measurements and Mapping." In Advanced Transmission Electron Microscopy, 553–80. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6607-3_16.

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Spence, John. "Electron Crystallography, Charge-Density Mapping and Nanodiffraction." In Transmission Electron Microscopy, 145–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26651-0_5.

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Snoeck, Etienne, and Christophe Gatel. "Magnetic Mapping Using Electron Holography." In Transmission Electron Microscopy in Micro-Nanoelectronics, 107–34. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118579022.ch5.

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Newbury, D. E., R. B. Marinenko, R. L. Myklebust, and D. S. Bright. "Quantitative Compositional Mapping with the Electron Probe Microanalyzer." In Electron Probe Quantitation, 335–69. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2617-3_17.

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Rutishauser, Ueli, and Adam N. Mamelak. "Single-Neuron Recordings from Depth Electrodes with Embedded Microwires in Epilepsy Patients." In Neurophotonics and Brain Mapping, 537–50. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315373058-34.

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Uto, Sadahito, Fumitaka Kobayashi, and Hiroko Wakimoto. "Exercise ECG mapping employing an electrode array sheet." In IFMBE Proceedings, 279–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03885-3_77.

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Downar, Eugene, Stéphane Massé, Elias Sevaptsidis, Mei-Hao Shi, and Menashe B. Waxman. "Endocardial Contact Mapping Using Multipolar Basket Electrode Catheters." In Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, 203–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9791-3_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Electrode mappings"

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LaGasse, Michael J., Markus Zahn, and Jim Huang. "Kerr electro-optic field mapping measurements in highly purified water between coaxial electrodes." In Conference on Electrical Insulation & Dielectric Phenomena - Annual Report 1985. IEEE, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ceidp.1985.7728256.

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Manning, R., D. L. Jones, G. W. Brodland, and G. J. Campbell. "Concentric electrodes for cardiac mapping." In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1988.94419.

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Armaki, Mahdi Gordi, Mohamad Kazem Anvarifard, and Seyed Ebrahim Hosseini. "A novel method for modeling semiconductor by neuro space mapping." In 2009 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electronic and Photonic Devices & Systems (ELECTRO-2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/electro.2009.5441153.

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Ahad, M. A., A. Al Zaman, M. Ferdjalllah, and G. F. Harris. "Multichannel grid electrode interface for EMG mapping." In 48th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2005. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwscas.2005.1594464.

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Stellari, Franco, Chung-Ching Lin, Lynne Gignac, Raphael Robertazzi, Alan Weger, and Peilin Song. "Techniques for Reverse Engineering and Functionality Extraction of Mixed-Signal ICs for Security Applications." In ISTFA 2015. ASM International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2015p0179.

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Abstract In this paper, we discuss a set of techniques and analysis methodologies for the reverse engineering and functionality extraction of complex mixed-signal ICs with a special focus for security applications. Front and back side reflected light pattern images at different magnifications are used to identify circuit blocks. Time-integrated and time-resolved photon emission data is used to identify gate logic states, sequences of events, and specific functional activity. Backscattered electron and scanning transmission electron images mosaics are used to reverse engineer individual gates and observe local interconnects. Thermal imaging is used to aid in the functional block identification and analog gates analysis. Different advanced methodologies for tool automation, focusing, mapping, and image processing are also discussed in the context of our proposed electro-optical tester based technique.
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Vogt, Ivo, Christian Boit, Tomonori Nakamura, and Babak Motamedi. "Optical Investigations of Temperature Effects in 14/16 nm FinFETs." In ISTFA 2017. ASM International, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2017p0109.

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Abstract This paper provides a detailed analysis on the optical detection of temperature effects in FinFETs via (spectral) photon emission microscopy (SPEM/PEM) with InGaAs detector and electro-optical frequency mapping (EOFM, similar to LVI) for 14/16 nm Qualcomm Inc. FinFETs. It analyzes physical parameters of the FinFETs such as electron temperature and the relation between signal curve and operating condition of the device by photon emission slopes and spectra. The paper also traces device self-heating effects within the FinFETs by means of EOFM signal courses. With EOFM it was possible to detect self-heating effects of the FinFETs providing a further method to estimate device and substrate heating. Results showed that it is possible to obtain valuable device parameter information (for example, electron temperatures and self-heating) via optical investigations (PEM/ EOFM), which are not accessible electrically in modern integrated circuits. This information adds further details to device reliability and functionality approximations.
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Brigham, Renee C., David A. Ramirez, Tinen L. Iles, and Paul A. Iaizzo. "The Noninvasive Electrical Mapping of Reanimated Large Mammalian Hearts." In 2020 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2020-9051.

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Abstract Electroanatomical mapping systems are being utilized clinically for locating arrhythmias within a given patient’s heart. Today, employed endocardial mapping systems are invasive and require extensive set-up time. Epicardial mapping systems, like CardioInsight™ from Medtronic, are non-invasive but require co-registration of electrodes to the heart, e.g. via a required Computed Tomography (CT) scan. This system has been used both clinically and in several laboratories in situ. The difficulties with in vitro uses are that the ex vivo perfused hearts lack an associated thoracic cavity, resulting in the possibility of inconsistent placement of electrodes, and poor conduction of epicardial signals. We are developing in our laboratory means to use the CardioInsight™ system on reanimated large mammalian hearts. Preliminary studies were conducted on swine hearts, but this system could be also be utilized with reanimated human hearts, making this research even more translatable. The use of this epicardial mapping system will allow for critical observations during pacing or ablation experiments and for collecting critical data for computational modeling.
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Manson, Robert D., and I. Y. Shen. "Preliminary Modeling of an Intracochlear Piezoelectric Microphone." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13645.

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A preliminary model of an intracochlear piezoelectric microphone is proposed that mimics the structure of stereocilia in the cochlea. Its purpose is to determine the crucial system parameters prior to fabrication of an actual testing set up via a mathematical model. As a first approximation, the system is modeled as a 1-D, periodic beam with N identical substructures. Each one consists of a nanorod grown on an Si substrate, a bottom electrode, piezoelectric thin film, and two top electrodes. The model consists of: a finite element analysis of a single substructure to obtain its flexibility matrix and differential voltage (DV) under unit loads; and a mapping of these results through the structure to predict displacement and DV of each substructure. A parametric study is then conducted based on this model. It was determined that the nanorod length was the most critical parameter in improving sensitivity. By increasing the amount of drag force on the nanorods the sensitivity grows. Substructures near fixed boundaries generate higher DV thus leading to better sensitivity too. The number of substructure in the microphone would also affect signal-to-noise ratio.
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Witkowski and Penkoske. "A New Cardiac Button Electrode Design For Intraoperative Mapping." In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.592960.

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Witkowski, Francis X., Patricia A. Penkoske, and Katherine M. Kavanagh. "A new cardiac button electrode design for intraoperative mapping." In 1992 14th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.5761630.

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Reports on the topic "Electrode mappings"

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Belford, R. L., and R. B. Clarkson. Spin-mapping of coal structures with ESE (Electron Spin Echo) and ENDOR (Electron-Nuclear Double Resonance). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6409289.

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Belford, R. L., and R. B. Clarkson. Spin-mapping of coal structures with ESE and ENDOR (electron nuclear double resonance). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6355326.

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Andonov, Borislav, and Plamen Mukhtarov. A New Method for Mapping of Vertical Total Electron Content over Balkan Peninsula. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2018.03.12.

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Belford, R. L., and R. B. Clarkson. Spin-mapping of coal structures with ESE and ENDOR (Electron-Nuclear Double Resonance). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6501445.

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Crowne, Frank J. A Conformal-Mapping Treatment of the Effect of a Semi-Infinite Gate on a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada381329.

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