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1
Numabe, Atsushi. "Electrolyte Abnormalities." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 101, no. 6 (2012): 1698–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.101.1698.
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Islam, Md Saiful, Manisha Banerjee, Tafazzal Hossain Khan, et al. "Pattern of Electrolyte Abnormalities in Preterm Low Birth Weight Neonates." Journal of Dhaka Medical College 29, no. 2 (2021): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v29i2.51189.
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Prematurity and low birth weight contributes to 27.8% of neonatal deaths in rural areas of Bangladesh. Fluid, electrolyte and metabolic abnormalities are the commonest derangements encountered in preterm infants due to their renal immaturity and relatively immature skin. Premature infant are at increased risk of developing dehydration or overhydration4. Therefore, high index of suspicion, prompt recognition and thorough understanding of common electrolyte abnormalities are necessary to improve neonatal outcome. Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management is essential for better neonatal outcome.
 Objectives: To identify the serum electrolytes abnormalities in preterm low birth weight neonates.
 Methodology: It was a cross- sectional study and carried out in the Department of Neonatology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka between January 2017 to August 2017. Information was collected who gave consent and participated in the study willingly. The sample size was 50. Patients admitted in the above mentioned hospital and after meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria a simple random sampling technique was applied for selecting the study subjects.
 Results: Fifty preterm LBW neonates fulfilling the inclusion criteria were studied during this study period. Abnormal electrolytes were documented in 20(40%) out of 50 preterm LBW neonates and electrolyte status was normal in 30(60.0%) cases. Of 20 neonates who had abnormal electrolytes, hyperkalemia was the predominant electrolyte abnormality found in 8(16.0%) neonates, hyponatremia was found in 7(14.0%), hypokalemia in 3(6.0%) and hypernatremia 2(4.0%).
 Conclusion: Electrolyte abnormalities are common in preterm LBW neonates. So, identification of electrolyte abnormalities and proper management of fluid and electrolytes and close monitoring are important.
 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 29, No.2, October, 2020, Page 145-148
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Tuladhar, ET, V. Pant, B. Aryal, et al. "Does serum magnesium analysis need to be a part of routine dyselectrolytemia investigation?" Journal of Institute of Medicine Nepal 39, no. 2 (2017): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.59779/jiomnepal.927.
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Introduction: The fourth most abundant cation in the body and the second most prevalent intracellular cation, magnesium (Mg) is a co-factor for over 300 enzymes. Though magnesium abnormalities frequently accompany other electrolytes abnormalities, during electrolyte investigation, magnesium estimation is often overlooked. This study aims to investigate the occurrence of magnesium abnormalities in serum samples sent, for routine electrolyte measurement like sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus, to the biochemistry laboratory of Tribhuvan University teaching hospital. Methods: Serum magnesium measurement was done in 799 serum samples ordered for various electrolyte estimation. Magnesium, Calcium and phosphorus present in sample was analyzed by BT 3500 machine spectrophotometrically. Sodium and potassium ions were analyzed by direct ion selective electrode method. Results: Only 14(1.75%) samples were requested by physician for magnesium estimation out of total 799 samples sent for various electrolyte estimation. When all 799 samples were analyzed for magnesium level, magnesium abnormalities were identified in 76(9.5%), out of which hypermagnesemia was found in 22 (2.75%) and hypomagnesemia in 54 (6.76%) samples. Conclusion: Since, significant numbers of patient's serum sample, sent for estimation of various electrolytes, are found to have magnesium abnormalities, we recommend routine measurement of this analyte along with other electrolytes.
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SCIARRA, MARIO, FRANCO CAVALIERE, SIMONE BRADARIOLO, RODOLFO PROIETTI, and SERGIO I. MAGALINI. "ERYTHROCYTE ELECTROLYTE ABNORMALITIES." Critical Care Medicine 15, no. 11 (1987): 1006–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-198711000-00003.
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Saini, Shubham. "ASSOCIATION OF SERUM ELECTROLYTE CHANGES WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: A NARRATIVE REVIEW." Era's Journal of Medical Research 11, no. 2 (2024): 199–209. https://doi.org/10.24041/ejmr2024.34.
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This review article looks at the function of serum electrolytes in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and how they affect the course of treatment for patients. The goal is to comprehend how abnormalities in major electrolytes, including as potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium, impact heart function and raise the risk of death and morbidity in individuals with ACS. This study aims to evaluate the electrolyte abnormalities in ACS, as well as their clinical importance. The process include a thorough analysis of previous research, with an emphasis on data gleaned from several sources using specific search phrases associated with serum electrolytes and ACS. With an emphasis on the results of correctional treatments, the study assesses the relationship between electrolyte levels and clinical outcomes. The findings show that increased rates of death and morbidity are associated with electrolyte abnormalities, which are frequent in ACS. In order to enhance patient outcomes, these imbalances must be properly managed. To sum up, prompt electrolyte monitoring and correction are essential for improving survival and lowering complications in individuals suffering from acute coronary syndrome.
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Chowdhury, Abu Sayeed, Md Ekhlasur Rahman, Farhana Hossain, et al. "Association of Serum Electrolyte Abnormalities in Preterm Low Birth Weight Neonates." Faridpur Medical College Journal 14, no. 1 (2020): 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v14i1.46164.
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Despite decline in under five mortality in the last few decades, neonatal mortality rate has not changed substantially. A large number of these newborn are premature or low birth weight. Premature infants are at increased risk of developing dehydration or overhydration. Therefore, high index of suspicion, prompt recognition and thorough understanding of common electrolyte abnormalities are necessary to improve neonatal outcome. It seems to be essential for immediate management for planning appropriate fluid and electrolyte therapy and thereby for improved outcome. To study the electrolytes abnormalities in preterm low birth weight neonates information were collected who gave consent and participated in the study willingly. Duration of data collection was approximately 6 (Six) months. Patients admitted to the Dhaka Medical College Hospital and after meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria a simple random sampling technique was applied for selecting the sample patients. Total 50 preterm LBW neonates fulfilling the inclusion criteria were studied during this study period. Abnormal electrolytes were documented in 20(40%) preterm LBW neonates of which hyperkalemia was the predominant electrolyte abnormality found in 8(16.0%) neonates, hyponatremia was found in 7 (14.0%), hypokalemia in 3 (6.0%) and hypernatremia in 2 (4.0%). It was observed that electrolyte abnormalities are common in preterm LBW neonates. So, identification of associated electrolyte abnormalities and proper management of fluid and electrolytes and close monitoring are important.
 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2019;14(1): 31-33
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Kinasha, Anita A., Jeffrey M. Pernica, Francis M. Banda, et al. "Electrolyte abnormalities and clinical outcomes in children aged one month to 13 years hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in two large referral hospitals in Botswana." PLOS Global Public Health 5, no. 5 (2025): e0004588. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004588.
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Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a common childhood disease, with a median of 2.5 diarrhoea episodes per child per year in both low- and middle-income countries. Morbidity and mortality from AGE result from a number of causes, including electrolyte abnormalities. This study characterized children hospitalized for AGE in Botswana with and without electrolyte abnormalities. This was a prospective observational study of children under the age of 13 years who were admitted with AGE in Princess Marina Hospital (PMH) and Nyangabgwe Referral Hospital (NRH) between May 2011 and April 2013. All children with serum electrolyte values obtained within 48 hours of admission were included. Patient characteristics and prevalence of electrolyte abnormalities were described. Risk factors for mortality were explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Among 544 patients, 37% had electrolyte abnormalities, namely hyponatraemia (9%), hypernatraemia (12%) and hypokalaemia (16%). Patients with hypernatraemia were younger (median age 6 months) compared to those with normal electrolytes (median age 9 months, p < 0.001). Patients with hypokalaemia presented after a longer duration of diarrhoea (median 4 days) compared to those with normal electrolytes (median 2 days, p < 0.001). Length of stay was longer in hypokalaemic (5 days) and hyponatraemic (5 days) patients compared to patients with hypernatraemia (3 days) and those without electrolyte abnormalities (3 days, p < 0.002). Those with malnutrition were significantly more likely to have electrolyte imbalances, with 19% having hypokalaemia. In multivariate analysis, the strongest predictors of mortality were malnutrition (OR 4.3; 95% CI 1.44-12.9); hypokalaemia (OR 5.5; 95% CI 1.84-16.6) and hypernatraemia (OR 3.9; 95% CI 1.11-13.5). Given the global impact of paediatric AGE, it is important that clinicians take additional care and precautions when admitting children with AGE and hypokalaemia, hypernatraemia, or malnutrition, as these increase the length of stay and odds of mortality.
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Shaikh, A. J., N. Masood, S. N. Adil, et al. "Electrolyte imbalances in patients admitted with chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia: Patterns and impact on outcomes, a single-centre study from Pakistan." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (2009): e20586-e20586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e20586.
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e20586 Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) and myelosupression remain a challenging oncologic medical emergency and dose limiting toxicity of chemotherapy. Various factors have been studied to be associated and affect outcome of patients admitted with FN. Electrolyte abnormalities have commonly been observed, but the real incidence and impact has been only scarcely studied. This study was conducted with the aim to observe the trends of electrolyte abnormalities seen synchronously in patients admitted with chemotherapy induced febrile neutropenia and their possible influence on the outcomes. Methods: This was a prospective, observational study. A total of 215 patients admitted with FN between January 2007 and August 2008 were included. Analysis of data was made using SPSS version16.0. Toxicity profile was graded according to CTC version 3.0. Results: Febrile neutropenia was seen to be almost equally distributed among patients with solid or hematological malignancies. Males and females were seen to be affected almost equally as well. A total of 83.5% patients demonstrated some degree of electrolyte abnormalities. Hypokalemia, of any grade, was seen in 48% of patients, 51.4% having grade I, 33.3% grade III and 15.2% had grade IV hypokalemia. Hyponatremia of all grades was seen in 67.9% patients, 60.3% had Grade I, 33.3% grade III and 0.7% patients had grade IV hyponatremia. Hypomagnesaemia was seen in 54.3% patient, 94.7% having grade I decline. About 12% of patients with electrolyte deficit also had a co-existing Vomiting or diarrhea or both. Average length of stay was 5.7 days in patients having coexisting electrolyte abnormalities, compared to 4.2 days in those who had not. Out of 90 patients who requires special care unit 75 had electrolyte abnormalities, of 15 patients who expired 13 had electrolyte abnormalities. Conclusions: This analysis, which is perhaps first of its kind, suggests that electrolyte abnormalities are frequently observed in patients presenting with FN, independent of co existing vomiting or diarrhea. They can have a negative affect on the outcome such patients. Therefore the incidence and impact of electrolytes abnormalities on FN outcomes should be elaboratively studied further. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Bicakcioglu, Murat. "Traumatic rhabdomyolysis: Electrolyte changes." Medicine Science | International Medical Journal 12, no. 4 (2023): 1223. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/medscience.2023.09.188.
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Severe electrolyte disturbances occur in traumatic rhabdomyolysis (crush syndrome) developing after disasters such as earthquakes. The purpose of this study is to examine the long-term course of these electrolyte abnormalities. Patients followed up in intensive care for at least 10 days due to post-earthquake crush syndrome were included in the study. Their demographic data and sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus levels over the course of 10 days were retrieved retrospectively and recorded. Fifteen out of 23 patients with crush syndrome were enrolled in the study. The dominant electrolyte abnormalities in the first three days of hospitalization were normonatremia, hyperpotassemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperphosphatemia. No change in normonatremia was observed at the end of the 10th day, but hyperpotassemia gave way to normo- and hypokalemia, and hyperphosphatemia to normophosphatemia. Although hypocalcemia was less prevalent and not as deep as in the first five days, it was still the dominant calcium disorder at the end of the 10th day. Crush syndrome can be linked to severe electrolyte abnormalities. These electrolytes may be hypo or hyper in form at the onset of crush syndrome but can reverse in the opposite direction, or an existing abnormality may become more profound during follow-up. Knowing the direction assumed by electrolyte abnormalities, and on which days, will therefore be more beneficial for patient management.
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Kapoor, Mohit, and Germaine Z. Chan. "FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE ABNORMALITIES." Critical Care Clinics 17, no. 3 (2001): 503–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70197-4.
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Diercks, Deborah B., George M. Shumaik, Richard A. Harrigan, William J. Brady, and Theodore C. Chan. "Electrocardiographic manifestations: electrolyte abnormalities." Journal of Emergency Medicine 27, no. 2 (2004): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2004.04.006.
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Azam Khan, Mohammad, Mohammad Alauddin, Abdullahel Amman, and Md Gias Uddin. "“Outcome of Neonates with Septicaemia with Different Types of Electrolyte Abnormality”." South Asian Research Journal of Medical Sciences 4, no. 1 (2022): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36346/sarjms.2022.v04i01.002.
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Introduction: Electrolyte abnormalities are frequently encountered in sick neonates. They occur in a variety of conditions including neonatal sepsis and may remain unrecognized leading to morbidity and mortality irrespective of the primary disease. So, timely recognition, a high index of suspicion and a thorough understanding of common electrolyte abnormalities are necessary to ensure their correction. Objective: To assess the Outcome of Neonates with Septicaemia with Different Types of Electrolyte Abnormality. Methods: All neonates who were suffering from septicaemia and admitted in BSMMU from 1st January 2011 to 15th September 2011 and fulfilled the inclusion criteria were evaluated. Results: During the study period total 120 neonates were admitted with the diagnosis of septicaemia in the Department of Neonatology, BSMMU, and Dhaka, Bangladesh. Among the neonates mean age were 9.26±4.58 days, mean weight 2282.68±580.40 gm, mean gestational age was 35.68±2.40 weeks. Among the neonates with septicaemia males were 66 (55%) and females were 54 (45%) and male to female ratio was 1.2:1. Among 120 cases of septicaemia 57 (47.5%) were early onset and 63 (52.5%) were diagnosed as late onset neonatal sepsis. Among the 120 neonates with septicaemia 37 (30.83%) died and 83 (69.17%) survived. Neonates with dyselectrolytemia were found significantly associated with prolonged hospital stay in comparison to those with normal electrolytes level (p<0.05). Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia, Hypernatremia and mixed electrolyte abnormalities were significantly associated with prolonged hospital stay (P< 0.05) but hyperkalemia was not found significantly associated with prolonged hospital stay (p>0.05). Hyponatremia, hypokalemia and mixed electrolyte abnormalities were significantly associated with higher mortality (P<0.05). Hypernatremia and Hyperkalemia were not found significantly associated with higher mortality (P>0.05). Conclusion: Electrolyte abnormalities are common in neonates with septicaemia. We found electrolyte abnormalities in 35% cases. Hyponatremia (20%) was the commonest abnormality followed by hyperkalemia (15.8%). Hyponatremia, hypokalemia and mixed electrolyte abnormalities were found to be significantly associated with higher mortality in this study.
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Zak, Margie B., Carl F. Dmuchowski, and Maureen A. Smythe. "Laboratory Abnormalities in Patients in the Medical Intensive Care Unit." Journal of Pharmacy Technology 12, no. 1 (1996): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875512259601200105.
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Objective: The goals of this article are to (1) identify the incidence of reported laboratory abnormalities in patients in the medical intensive care unit (ICU); (2) characterize the relationship between reported laboratory abnormalities and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III (APACHE III) score, length of stay, and mortality; and (3) evaluate therapeutic replacement in patients with electrolyte abnormalities. Design: Retrospective chart review of all patients admitted to the medical ICU between April 1, 1993 and June 30, 1993. Setting: Large teaching institution. Participants: Patients admitted to the medical ICU (n = 116). Interventions: The following data were collected: age, sex, admitting diagnosis, serum electrolyte and laboratory parameters, APACHE HI score, length of ICU stay, and mortality. Results: Ten individual laboratory abnormalities were found in more than 30% of all patients in the medical ICU (range 32.8–59.5%). Abnormalities in four laboratory parameters were associated with undesirable patient outcomes. Patients with hypoalbuminemia had a significantly higher APACHE HI score (p < 0.05). Hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypoalbuminemia all were associated with an increased length of stay in the ICU (p < 0.05). Overall mortality was significantly higher in patients with alkalosis (p = 0.002). Therapeutic replacement in those with low electrolyte concentrations often was delayed or missed. Fifteen to 75% of patients who had abnormally low serum electrolyte concentrations were not treated. Conclusions: A high incidence of laboratory abnormalities is reported in patients admitted to the medical ICU. Several of these abnormalities are associated with undesirable outcomes such as an increased length of ICU stay in patients with hypoalbuminemia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesemia and increased mortality in patients with alkalosis. Therapeutic replacement of electrolytes in patients with abnormalities often was delayed or missed.
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Routray, Mrutyunjay, Kishore S. V., Jyotiranjan Champatiray, and Saroj Kumar Satpathy. "Demographic variation of electrolyte imbalance in a tertiary care pediatric intensive care unit." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 2 (2020): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20200095.
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Background: Electrolyte imbalances are common in critically ill paediatric patients. When present, they can significantly affect the outcome. Critical care provision through Paediatric Intensive Care Units (PICU) is aimed at maintaining ‘homeostasis’ in the body which is vital for the organ’s support and optimal function. This involves fluids and electrolytes balance.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the PICU, SCB MC and Hospital, Cuttack during November 2015 to October 2017. includes Children admitted to PICU (Based on consensus guidelines for PICUs in India, Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine (Pediatric Section) and Indian Academy of Pediatrics (Intensive Care Chapter).Results: Percentage of male children was 65.9%, with male to female ratio 1.9:1, showing male dominance. Most electrolyte imbalances were seen in age group of 1 to 5 years (67.06%). Abnormal serum electrolyte was seen in 37.91% in our study. SIADH was observed in 43.5% of euvolemic hyponatremic patients. SIADH was observed in 27.8% of hyponatremic patients. Respiratory disorder was the most common attributing factor for SIADH followed by CNS disorder.Conclusions: The present study showed high incidence of electrolyte abnormalities in patients admitted to pediatric intensive care unit. Though at times symptoms of electrolyte disorder is indistinguishable from symptoms of primary pathology, so a close monitoring and correction of electrolyte abnormalities is necessary for better outcome. SIADH is recognizable and common cause of electrolyte imbalance in PICU. Thus, this study recommends early routine monitoring of serum electrolytes in all patients admitted to PICU.
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Caralis, Potoula V., and Eliseo Perez-Stable. "Electrolyte Abnormalities and Ventricular Arrhythmias." Drugs 31, Supplement 4 (1986): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-198600314-00011.
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D., Satheesh Kumar, Thenmozhi M., and Kumar . "Electrolyte abnormalities in asphyxiated newborns." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 5, no. 3 (2018): 1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20181537.
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Background: Perinatal asphyxia is the most common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in worldwide. It accounts for 23% of all neonatal deaths. Electrolyte abnormalities are more common in the immediate post asphyxiated period and influence neonatal the outcome effectively. Aim of this study was to measure the serum sodium, potassium and calcium levels in immediate postnatal period of asphyxiated newborns and assess the correlation with different degree of birth asphyxia.Methods: The serum sodium, potassium and calcium levels were measured in asphyxiated newborns in the early post-natal period. Both intramural and extramural newborns were included irrespective of their mode of delivery but according to the Apgar score. The measured electrolyte values were compared with the different severity of asphyxia. Results: Out of 100 newborns 53 had hyponatremia, 10 had hyperkalemia and 3 had hypocalcemia. The serum sodium and potassium levels showed significant P value (<0.00) with the different degree of both asphyxia but calcium levels were not significant (p valve = 0.06). There was a negative linear correlation with sodium and calcium levels and positive correlation with the serum potassium levels.Conclusions: Hyponatremia was significant in all stages of birth asphyxia, hyperkalemia was significant with increased severity of birth asphyxia and hypocalcemia was only weakly significant even in severe birth asphyxia.
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Millichap, J. Gordon. "Electrolyte Abnormalities in Febrile Seizures." Pediatric Neurology Briefs 10, no. 2 (1996): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15844/pedneurbriefs-10-2-8.
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Westacott, Rachel J. "Electrolyte and acid-based abnormalities." Foundation Years 4, no. 5 (2008): 188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpfou.2008.06.024.
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Laing, Chris. "Clinical approach to electrolyte abnormalities." Medicine 39, no. 6 (2011): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2011.04.001.
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Laing, Chris. "Clinical approach to electrolyte abnormalities." Medicine 43, no. 7 (2015): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2015.04.006.
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Islam, Md S., M. Bhuiyan, A. S. Chowdhury, ATM Rafique, M. Afrin, and F. Hossain. "Association of Serum Creatinine and Electrolyte Abnormalities in Preterm Low Birth Weight Neonates." Journal of Medical Science & Research 26, Number 1 (2017): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47648/jmsr.2017.v2601.03.
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Introduction: Being born prematurely is a threat to survival and the subsequent quality of life ICDDR,B Health and Science Bulletin published in March 2006 reported that prematurity and low birth weight contributes to 27.8% of neonatal deaths in rural areas of Bangladesh Premature infant are at increased risk of developing dehydration or over hydration. Therefore, high index of suspicion, prompt recognition and thorough understanding of common electrolyte abnormalities are necessary to improve neonatal outcome. The investigation of renal function in pretenn neonate is complicated because of continuing renal development, rise in creatinine is transient and may not be clinically significcmt. Serum creatinine is most widely used marker of renal function in adults and children but its validity as a marker of GFR/ renal function is doubtful a few studies have been conducted on assessment of renal function and electrolytes in the context of prematurity in Bangladesh. But it seems to be essential for immediate management for planning appropriate fluid and electrolyte therapy and thereby for improved outcome. Information was collected who gave consent and participated in the study willingly. The sample size was 50. Duration of data collection was approximately 6 (Six) months.Patients admitted to the Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College and hospital and after meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria a simple random sampling technique was applied for selecting the sample patients. Total 50 pretenn LBW neonates fulfilling the inclusion criteria were studied during this study period. Mean creatinine level was .82 mmoKrange was 0.40-1.90 mg/d1. Abnormal electrolytes were documented in 20(40%) pretenn LBW neonates of which hyperkalemia was the predominant electrolyte abnormality found in 8(16.0%) neonates, hyponatremia was found in 7 (14.0%), hypokalemia in 3 (6.0%) and hypernatremia 2 (4.0%). In the present study 20 of preterm LBW babies have electrolyte abnormalities. Hyperkalemia was found in 8(16.0%) babies in this study from above findings it is evident that prematurity causes transient renal impairment, in preterm neonates which is inversely related to gestational age. Renal impairment should be suspected if the serum creatinine rises or fails to show normal post-natal fall. It was observed that electrolyte abnormalities are common in preterm LBW neonates and transient renal failure also occurs in a large number of preterm LBW babies. So, identification of renal failure and associated electrolyte abnormalities and proper management of fluid and electrolytes and close monitoring are important.
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Ahmed, Nazeer, Uppalapati Sushma, and A. N. Thobbi. "A case control study to evaluate the electrolyte abnormalities in asphyxiated neonates." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 10, no. 6 (2023): 898–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20231497.
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Background: Neonatal asphyxia is a hypoxic condition in new-born and leads to encephalopathy as well as electrolyte disturbances and imposes significant morbidity and mortality. So, the current study was performed to assess the electrolyte abnormalities among asphyxiated neonates as compare to controls. Methods: 50 neonates have beendistributedas2 groups, with case group with 25 cases and 25 cases in neonates group depending on the variables namely Apgar score, fetal heart rates and meconium-stained liquor after baby delivery. Serum sodium, potassium and calcium ranges has been estimated; compared between the groups. In asphyxiated neonates based on the severity the electrolytes levels were also compared. Results: The prevalence of birth asphyxia seems to be higher among male new born (64%). The sodium and calcium ranges has been decreased among asphyxiated babies when associated with control group and it was significant 129.78±4.18 vs 140.76±9.76; 8.12±2.87 vs 10.42±3.12 mg/dl). The electrolyte disturbances were higher in HIE stage 3 of high severity as compared to HIE stage I and II. Conclusions: Electrolyte imbalances namely hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia were found to be communal in asphyxiated neonates. Thus, proper monitoring is required to prevent the morbidity and mortality among the neonates.
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Nouf, S. Almulaik, H. Almaqary Shahad, M. Alenazi Souad, and M. Alboaimi Abdullah. "Electrolyte Disturbance and the Mechanics of Swallowing: An Interdisciplinary Investigation." International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Multidisciplinary Physical Sciences 4, no. 1 (2016): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14043586.
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Background: Patients in the hospital often get electrolyte abnormalities, and it is known that electrolytes impact on neuromuscular systems for instance swallowing. This study looks into how electrolyte abnormalities can lead to dysphagia, its different severities, among hospital patients.Methods: One hundred fifty (150) patients were hospitalized and dysphagia was clinically assessed hence these participants were included in right away. Key electrolytes escuding serum sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium were performed and the results compared with dysphagia clinical studies which made use of the Clinical Swallowing Evaluation and video fluoroscopic Swallow Study (VFSS)Results: The study established negative and significant correlations with calcium levels (r = –0.62; P<0.001) and magnesium levels (r = –0.58; P<0.001) with severity of dysphagia. Such as those of sodium and potassium but relatively lower strength. More severe cases of dysphagia were exhibited by patients with low levels of both calcium and magnesium and high levels of magnesium.Conclusions: The findings show that calcium as well as magnesium disturbances strongly associate with dysphagia. There is an indication that control of sodium and phosphate electrolyte levels in patients with dysphagia may be fundamental. It has been established hence that electrolyte imbalances should be routinely checked and treated as part of the clinical approach in patients with swallowing difficulties in the general hospital
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Buh, Amos, Mekaylah Scott, Rohan Kiska, et al. "Impact of electrolyte abnormalities and adverse outcomes in persons with eating disorders: A systematic review protocol." PLOS ONE 19, no. 8 (2024): e0308000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308000.
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Background Electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate) are required in specific amounts for proper functioning of the human body. Although the body has different organ systems, such as the kidneys, that regulate electrolyte levels in the blood, electrolyte abnormalities occur frequently in people with eating disorders. The objective of this review will be to examine the association between electrolyte imbalances and adverse outcomes in people with eating disorders. Methods A systematic review of studies on eating and electrolyte disorders shall be conducted. Electronic searches shall be done in the Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases. Selected studies shall include randomized control trials (RCTs), non-randomized controlled trials, and cross-sectional studies published in English or French. Quality appraisal of studies and a narrative synthesis of extracted data shall be conducted. Discussion This review will synthesize existing evidence on electrolyte abnormalities in people with eating disorders. It will identify the type of electrolyte imbalances, their impact, and outcomes in people with eating disorders. We anticipate that information that will be useful to policy makers and clinicians in designing better policies to prevent eating disorders and or manage people with eating disorders shall be elucidated in this study. Dissemination The final manuscript will be submitted for publication in a journal. Review registration This protocol has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO); registration number CRD42023477497.
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Harris, Tammy. "Common electrolyte abnormalities in primary care." Nurse Practitioner 47, no. 7 (2022): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.npr.0000843212.42963.d7.
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Ragland, Gene. "Electrolyte Abnormalities in the Alcoholic Patient." Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America 8, no. 4 (1990): 761–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0733-8627(20)30236-4.
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KHILNANI, PRAVEEN. "Electrolyte abnormalities in critically ill children." Critical Care Medicine 20, no. 2 (1992): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199202000-00013.
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Carmichael, P. "Electrolyte abnormalities with a fatal implication." Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 17, no. 10 (2002): 1849–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/17.10.1849.
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Sorscher, Steven M. "Electrolyte Abnormalities with Zoledronic Acid Therapy." Cancer Journal 8, no. 4 (2002): 348–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00130404-200207000-00012.
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Adelman, Harold M., Paul M. Wallach, Philip Altus, et al. "Respiratory Distress, Weakness, and Electrolyte Abnormalities." Hospital Practice 31, no. 12 (1996): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21548331.1996.11443386.
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Elisaf, M., R. Kalaitzidis, and K. C. Siamopoulos. "Multiple Electrolyte Abnormalities after Pamidronate Administration." Nephron 79, no. 3 (1998): 337–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000045059.
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Szoke, Dominika, Alberto Dolci, Augusto Genderini, and Mauro Panteghini. "Fatal Electrolyte Abnormalities Following Enema Administration." Clinical Chemistry 58, no. 11 (2012): 1515–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2011.170183.
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Shankar, Poornima, Nithya E., and Kavya C. "Study on electrolyte disturbances in dengue fever in a tertiary care centre." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 6 (2019): 2504. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20194725.
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Background: Dengue is a mosquito borne disease of significant morbidity and mortality. Dengue viral infection has been shown to be associated with electrolyte abnormalities and renal dysfunction. It is necessary to have a thorough understanding about electrolyte disturbances in Dengue, so as to predict, diagnose and treat them accordingly. The aim and objective of this study is to study electrolyte disturbances in dengue fever and its correlation with severity of dengue fever.Methods: This study was performed in a tertiary care centre in Bangalore , India. The study was a prosspective observational study. 200 Patients diagnosed with Dengue were enrolled for the study. Patients demographic data, clinical history, electrolyte values were recorded and analysed.Results: In our study majority of patients belonged to 5-12 years age group ie 47%. Fever was found to be the most common presentation in 196 patients (98%) followed by myalgia in 142 patients (71%), headache in 102 patients (51%), skin rash in 43 patients (21.5%). The mean value of serum sodium observed was 133.69 mEq/L and of serum potassium was 3.58 mEq/L and there was positive and significant correlation between difference in serum sodium and potassium levels with severity of dengue fever.Conclusions: Dyselectrolytemia is more common in dengue fever. Serum electrolytes testing early is very important in dengue patients during management so that if abnormalities are found, they can be appropriately managed as some of these abnormalities may lead to increased severity as well as mortality.
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Nabalawi, Rana A. "Renal and Electrolyte Abnormalities in Heat Stroke during Hajj." Saudi Journal of Internal Medicine 1, no. 2 (2011): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32790/sjim.1.2.5.
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Background: Heat induced illnesses are variable from a mild heat exhaustion to a severe heat stroke and its systemic complications. Millions of pilgrims annually perform the Islamic obligatory mission of Hajj, are vulnerable to heat induced illnesses, especially when Hajj falls in the summer period. This is a retrospective study of the renal and electrolyte abnormalities in heat stroke patients during Hajj.
 Method: We selected randomly 472 patients out of 2044 patients diagnosed as heat stroke over 5 years from 1986-1991 for this study. The diagnosis of heat stroke was based on: 1) Rectal temperature > 40°C, 2) Hot dry skin and 3) Neurological deficit presenting as delirium, coma with or without convulsions. The renal function and electrolytes of all these patients were obtained.
 Results: All the 472 patients revealed significant electrolyte abnormalities: hypophasphatemia 98% (P + 0.55 ± 0.05 mmol/L), hyponatremia Na+ 70% (128 + 1 mmol/L), hypocalcemia 70% (Ca + 2.01 ± 0.02 mmol/L), hypokalemia 32% (K+3.3 ± 01 mmol/L), and hypomagnesaemia (Mg 0.06 ± 0.01 mmol/L) in 30%. Metabolic acidosis and compensatory respiratory alkalosis was seen in most patients. Acute renal failure that required dialysis developed in 180 (8.8%) patients. In 100 patients, the most common cause was Rhabdomyolysis (68%). The rest had ischemic acute tubular necrosis (32%) with a mortality of 15% compared to 20% in all the 472 patients. The risk mortality was higher in patients with a temperature of 42°C, comatose at presentation and older than 50 years.
 Conclusion: During Hajj, electrolyte abnormalities in heat stroke were found to be fairly common. Acute renal failure was mainly due to Rhabdomyolysis, which carry better prognosis compared to other causes of acute tubular necrosis.
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Nabalawi, Rana A. "Renal and Electrolyte Abnormalities in Heat Stroke during Hajj." Saudi Journal of Internal Medicine 1, no. 2 (2011): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32790/sjim.2011.1.2.5.
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Background: Heat induced illnesses are variable from a mild heat exhaustion to a severe heat stroke and its systemic complications. Millions of pilgrims annually perform the Islamic obligatory mission of Hajj, are vulnerable to heat induced illnesses, especially when Hajj falls in the summer period. This is a retrospective study of the renal and electrolyte abnormalities in heat stroke patients during Hajj.
 Method: We selected randomly 472 patients out of 2044 patients diagnosed as heat stroke over 5 years from 1986-1991 for this study. The diagnosis of heat stroke was based on: 1) Rectal temperature > 40°C, 2) Hot dry skin and 3) Neurological deficit presenting as delirium, coma with or without convulsions. The renal function and electrolytes of all these patients were obtained.
 Results: All the 472 patients revealed significant electrolyte abnormalities: hypophasphatemia 98% (P + 0.55 ± 0.05 mmol/L), hyponatremia Na+ 70% (128 + 1 mmol/L), hypocalcemia 70% (Ca + 2.01 ± 0.02 mmol/L), hypokalemia 32% (K+3.3 ± 01 mmol/L), and hypomagnesaemia (Mg 0.06 ± 0.01 mmol/L) in 30%. Metabolic acidosis and compensatory respiratory alkalosis was seen in most patients. Acute renal failure that required dialysis developed in 180 (8.8%) patients. In 100 patients, the most common cause was Rhabdomyolysis (68%). The rest had ischemic acute tubular necrosis (32%) with a mortality of 15% compared to 20% in all the 472 patients. The risk mortality was higher in patients with a temperature of 42°C, comatose at presentation and older than 50 years.
 Conclusion: During Hajj, electrolyte abnormalities in heat stroke were found to be fairly common. Acute renal failure was mainly due to Rhabdomyolysis, which carry better prognosis compared to other causes of acute tubular necrosis.
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Panda, Isha, and Sushma Save. "Study of association of mortality with electrolyte abnormalities in children admitted in pediatric intensive care unit." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 5, no. 3 (2018): 1097. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20181550.
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Background: Electrolyte abnormalities are common in critically ill children. In view of importance of electrolyte homeostasis and its significant impact on the final outcome of patient, the present study was undertaken. Objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of electrolyte abnormalities in children admitted in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at the time of admission and its association with mortality and primary organ system involvement.Methods: The study enrolled all the patients from 29 days to 12 years admitted in PICU of a tertiary care hospital during April 2015 to September 2016 (total 18 months). The children were classified according to presence or absence of electrolyte abnormality. The children were further divided into subgroups based on electrolyte values and mortality and organ system involvement was analyzed in each of the sub groups.Results: The prevalence of electrolyte abnormality in terms of sodium or potassium abnormality in the present study was 44.31% (323 of 729). Hyponatremia (27.43%) was the most common electrolyte abnormality followed by hypokalemia (13.99%). The mortality in children with electrolyte abnormality was found to be 28.8% which was significantly higher than mortality in those without electrolyte abnormality. Maximum children with hyponatremia had central nervous system involvement (48.5%) and those with hypernatremia had gastrointestinal involvement (65.4%). Hypokalemia was most frequently observed with gastrointestinal involvement (54.9%) and hyperkalemia with renal involvement (34.8%).Conclusions: Present study has demonstrated significant association of electrolyte abnormalities at admission in PICU with mortality and primary organ system involvement. Close monitoring and correction of electrolyte abnormalities is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality.
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Petrovic, Milenko, Esther Park, Amanda Pangle, Jeanne Wei, and Gohar Azhar. "ASSESSMENT OF ELECTROLYTE ABNORMALITIES IN OLDER ADULTS WITH COVID-19 DELIRIUM." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (2023): 991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.3186.
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Abstract This retrospective study explored the impact of COVID-19 on altered sodium and potassium in older adults with delirium. EMRs from the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) database were reviewed from January 7, 2018 to January 5, 2021 for electrolyte abnormalities and delirium. Inclusion criteria were age 65 or older, all races, genders, and ethnicities with COVID or non-COVID infections. We identified 319 patients with COVID-19 out of which 108 (33.8%) had delirium during COVID. In COVID-delirious patients, hypokalemia was present in 8, hyperkalemia in 10, hyponatremia in 9, and hypernatremia in 20.127/319 (39.8%) COVID patients had an electrolyte disorder at some point with hypokalemia being most represented at 58/127 (45.7%). Out of the patients who experienced hypokalemia at some point, 34/319 (10.6%) had delirium. In another cohort of 306 older adults with non-COVID pneumonias we identified 173 patients with electrolyte disorders and 106 (34.6%) with delirium during pneumonia. Electrolyte disturbances were more present in non-COVID pneumonias vs. those with COVID (p&lt; 0.001). Hypokalemia was more identified in non-COVID, 56/306 (18.3%), vs. COVID patients, 34/319 (10.6%) (p&lt; 0.006). Interestingly, hypernatremia was greater in COVID groups (p&lt; 0.0321). There was no difference in delirium between COVID vs non-COVID patients, but electrolytes disorders and hypokalemia were observed with greater frequency in non-COVID pneumonias. Notably, hypernatremia developed more in patients suffering from COVID and since it can be associated with seizures and cerebral hemorrhage, particular attention should be paid to prevent hypernatremia from developing in order to reduce COVID-related morbidity and mortality.
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Bowman, Brendan T. "Electrolyte Disorders Associated with Cancer." Journal of Onco-Nephrology 1, no. 1 (2017): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/jo-n.5000004.
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Cancer patients frequently suffer electrolyte abnormalities that complicate the management of their condition. The most commonly occurring derangement is hyponatremia, while hypercalcemia, hypokalemia, and hypophosphatemia are also encountered. The etiology of these abnormalities is often identifiable, and early diagnosis and management can prevent delays in necessary anti-cancer therapies.
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Singal, BM, JR Hedges, and PA Succop. "Predictors of electrolyte abnormalities in elderly patients." Annals of Emergency Medicine 18, no. 4 (1989): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-0644(89)80631-6.
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Jacobs, Christopher, Kevin Johnson, Faraz A. Khan, and Moiz M. Mustafa. "Life-threatening electrolyte abnormalities in pyloric stenosis." Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports 43 (April 2019): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsc.2019.01.002.
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Ahmed, A., and A. Sadaniantz. "Metabolic and electrolyte abnormalities during heat exhaustion." Postgraduate Medical Journal 72, no. 850 (1996): 505–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.72.850.505.
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Anderson, Paula. "The highs and lows of electrolytes part 2: calcium, phosphate and magnesium." Veterinary Nurse 12, no. 1 (2021): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/vetn.2021.12.1.20.
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There are six electrolytes that are important in maintaining homeostasis within the body. They play vital roles in regulating neurological, myocardial, muscular and cellular functions and are involved in fluid and acid–base balance. Recognising and treating electrolyte derangements is an important role for veterinary nurses especially in emergency and critical care patients. This series of two articles will discuss the physiology behind each of the six major electrolytes and discuss to monitor and treat any abnormalities.
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Anderson, Paula. "The highs and lows of electrolytes part 1: sodium, chloride and potassium." Veterinary Nurse 11, no. 10 (2020): 452–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/vetn.2020.11.10.452.
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There are six electrolytes that are important in maintaining homeostasis within the body. They play vital roles in regulating neurological, myocardial, muscular and cellular functions and are involved in fluid and acid–base balance. Recognising and treating electrolyte derangements is an important role for veterinary nurses especially in emergency and critical care patients. This series of two articles will discuss the physiology behind each of the six major electrolytes and discuss how to monitor and treat any abnormalities.
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S., Prakash, and Saravanan S. "Electrolyte abnormalities and type of feeding in acute diarrhoea in children upto five years." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 10, no. 3 (2023): 361–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20230436.
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Background: Children in infancy are protected against diarrhoea by breastfeeding as suggested by many studies. Failure to exclusively breastfeed and early introduction of complementary feeds in children predispose to several diseases especially diarrhoea. This study was mainly aimed at analysing electrolyte abnormalities in children with diarrhoea in relation to their type of feeding. Methods: Around 100 children under five years of age with acute diarrhoea presenting to paediatrics department were enrolled in the study after meeting the inclusion criteria. The electrolyte abnormalities, glucose level, renal parameters, severity of dehydration and type of feeding of the children were recorded. The incidence of electrolyte abnormalities in diarrhoea in the children and their type of feeding were analysed. Results: Participants had hyperkalaemia which was 30%, followed by 19% had hyponatremia, 13% had hypokalaemia, 12% had hypernatremia and 1% had hyperchloremia. 38% had no dehydration, 8% had severe dehydration and 54% had some dehydration. 49% of the children followed breast feeding, 16% followed formula feeding, 14% were taken cow’s milk and 21% were followed mixed feeding. There was no statistically significant relationship between electrolyte abnormalities and type of feeding except for hypokalemia. Conclusions: Except with hypokalaemia, our study did not find a statistically significant relationship between electrolyte abnormalities in diarrhoea in children with type of feeding. But still, need for exclusive breastfeeding, continuation breast feeding more than two years remains protective against acute diarrhoea in children.
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Tamayo, Auliangi, Roza Mulyana, and Rose Dinda Martini. "Diagnosis and Management of Refeeding Syndrome." Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research 6, no. 9 (2022): 2115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/bsm.v6i9.567.
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Refeeding syndrome (RFS) is described as a syndrome of electrolyte abnormalities and changes in body fluids with metabolic abnormalities in malnourished patients who receive refeeding either orally, enteral, or parenterally. Patients at risk for RFS are patients who have lost 10% of their previous body weight in the last 3-6 months, cancer patients who are on chemotherapy, geriatric patients with malnutrition, and patients with anorexia. Clinical manifestations are caused by electrolyte changes that affect neurons, heart and muscle disorders with various symptoms, and even death. The specific characteristics of RFS are the presence of hypophosphatemia and accompanied by other symptoms of electrolyte imbalance such as changes in sodium levels, changes in glucose, protein, fat metabolism, vitamin B1 deficiency, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia. The principle of management of RFS is to correct biochemical abnormalities and electrolyte and fluid imbalances. Preventive steps that can be taken are identifying individuals at risk for RFS, monitoring refeeding and administering an appropriate diet regimen.
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Gulzar, Kashif, Maseer Ahmed, and Abdul Manan Junejo. "Frequency of electrolyte imbalance associated with cisplatin in oral cancer patients; a tertiary care experience from Pakistan." Journal of Nephropharmacology 7, no. 2 (2018): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/npj.2018.26.
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Introduction: Electrolyte imbalance associated with cisplatin is quite prevalent, and increase morbidity in cancer patients. Objectives: To determine the frequency of electrolyte imbalance associated with cisplatin in oral cancer patients. Patients and Methods: Oral cancer patients of more than 16 years of age, who received cisplatin-based cancer chemotherapy, were monitored for electrolyte imbalance (Na, K, Ca and Mg). Patients who were as the known cases of kidney disease (acute or chronic) or those having electrolyte imbalance prior to start of chemotherapy were excluded. Primary outcome was to determine electrolyte imbalance. Results: Among 98 patients, 90 patients developed electrolyte imbalance to cisplatin chemotherapy. The observed electrolyte imbalance included hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia and hypocalcaemia. Hypokalemia is found to be the most common electrolyte to be affected in the patients (91.8%), whereas hypocalcemia in 88.7%, hypomagnesemia in 67.34% is also observed. Mild hyponatremia is also observed less frequently in 67% of patients. Conclusion: Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has a high potential to cause electrolyte imbalance. Most of the abnormalities were of milder nature and not associated with symptoms. The common electrolyte abnormalities such as hypokalemia, hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia were statistically significant, but hyponatremia was not statistically significant.
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Haliza, Wilda, Reza Gunadi Ranuh, Alpha Fardah Athiyyah, et al. "Examination of fecal electrolyte on pediatric patient with intestinal stoma." Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology 8, no. 6 (2024): 5187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v8i6.3142.
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Intestinal stomas are increasingly performed in pediatric patients to manage various gastrointestinal conditions, such as congenital malformation of intestinal, necrotizing enterocolitis and intestinal obstruction, which are frequently occured in developing countries with Low-Middle Income Country (LMIC). However, the presence of a stoma has possibility of morbidity such as can significantly affect the body’s fluid and electrolyte balance, particularly in infant and under five years old children. This risk is increased due to the immature renal system in pediatric patients, increased loss of fluids and electrolytes through stoma output, especially small intestinal stoma. In addition to being a challenge in the management of infants and children with stomas and intestinal resections, electrolyte imbalances are one of the factors contributing to morbidity and mortality in these group. Early detection of abnormalities can guide timely interventions such as fluid replacement therapy and dietary modifications, prevent complications like dehydration, metabolic acidosis or electrolyte disturbances. Measuring fecal electrolyte provide valuable insights into the patient’s hydration status and potential electrolyte imbalances. Since the fecal sample measuring is the simplest, harmless and noninvasive than the other electrolyte tests, so it can be considered for pediatric patients.
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Lesmana, Hendy, Ahmat Pujianto, and Bayu Purnomo. "Post craniotomy and electrocardiographic monitoring." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 10, no. 1 (2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20215033.
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Background: Post craniotomy management mainly emphasizes monitoring complications that occur. Close supervision and monitoring are needed in post craniotomy patients, especially in the first 48 hours so that the patient is placed in the intensive care unit (ICU). Various studies have identified various complications that arise from mild complications to severe complications, namely the death of patients after craniotomy, so that hemodynamic monitoring tool are needed. Electrocardiography is one of the hemodynamic monitoring tools in the intensive care room which is very useful in monitoring heart rhythm abnormalities in post-craniotomy patients.Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 30 respondents post craniotomy and were treated in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for 1-3 days of treatment. An electrocardiographic monitoring analysis was performed on 30 respondents, then confirmed by examination of blood electrolytes and blood gas analysis.Results: In this study 90% of respondents experienced electrocardiographic rhythm abnormalities, 50% sinus arrhythmia, 33.3% sinus tachycardia, 6.7% sinus bardycardia. The results of electrolyte examination 18 respondents experienced electrolyte balance disorders where 4 respondents experienced hyponatremia, 7 respondents experienced hypernatremia+hyperchloremia, 1 respondent experienced hyponatremia+hypochloremia, 5 respondents experienced hyperchloremia and 1 respondent experienced hypokalemia. There are 7 respondents experiencing acid-base balance disorders.Conclusions: in this study showed that most of the patients after craniotomy had heart rhythm abnormalities. The most common arrhythmia is sinus arrhythmia. The pathological conditions that accompany these rhythm disturbances are mostly caused by electrolyte balance disorders, acid-base balance disorders or a combination of the two disorders.
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A. Mukhtar, Eyas, Mahmoud Al Hussain, Khalid A.M Rahama, and Ashraf M. Abdalla. "NOVEL MUTATION IN THE CYP11B2 GENE IN AN INFANT WITH CONGENITAL HYPOALDOSTERONISM." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 04 (2022): 757–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/14612.
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We report a 4-monthboy infant withisolated congenital hypoaldosteronism due to a novel mutation in CYP11B2 gene who presented with, failure to thrive, profound hyponatremia, hyperkalemia and mild metabolic acidosis, which managed byintravenous saline, oral saline, resoniumandcaloriesformula. In infants with severe electrolyte disturbance,it is important to rule out CAH and consider other rare form of isolated hypoaldosteronism and pseudohypoaldosteronism, since prompt and appropriate treatment will correct the associated electrolytes abnormalities.
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Iqbal, Shahid, Raja Imtiaz Ahmed, Muhammad Abdul Quddus, Jahangir Zaib, Manzoor Ali Khan, and Aamna Rasheed. "Electrolyte Abnormalities in Children Presenting with Acute Gastroenteritis." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 12 (2021): 3361–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2115123361.
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Objective: To find out the frequency of electrolyte abnormalities among children with acute gastroenteritis. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: The Department of Pediatrics, Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Hospital, Rawlakot from July 2020 to December 2020. Material and Methods: A total of 159 children of both genders aged between 1 month to 5 years and presenting with acute gastroenteritis at outpatient or emergency department were included. At the time of enrolment, clinical and physical examinations were performed while medical history and presenting complaints were recorded. Frequency of electrolyte abnormalities like hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hypokalemia and hyperkalemia were noted on a predesigned proforma. Results: In a total of 159 children, 86 (54.1%) were male. Mean age was noted to be 2.1+1.7 years while 69 (43.4%) children were aged between 1 to 3 years. Majority of the children, 104 (65.4%) belonged to rural areas of residence. Abdominal pain, vomiting and lethargy were the other most frequently observed presenting complaints noted among 91(57.2%), 60 (37.7%) and 51 (32.1%) children respectively. Among all children, mean serum sodium was noted to be 140+11.3 meq/L. Hyponatremia was found to be among 45 (28.3%) children while hypernatremia was present in 28 (17.6%) children with AGE. Mean serum potassium was calculated to be 4.2+3.7 mmol/L. Hypokalemia was found to be present among 28 (17.6%) children while hyperkalemia was noted to be among 10 (6.3%) children. Conclusion: Frequency of electrolyte abnormalities was found to be high among children with acute gastroenteritis. Timely identification and treatment of children presenting with acute gastroenteritis coupled with electrolyte abnormalities needs to be done to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with these diseases. Keywords: Acute gastroenteritis, hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, hypernatremia, hyponatremia