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Journal articles on the topic 'Electromagnetic devices Design and construction'
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1
Gorodilov, Leonid V., and Alexander N. Korovin. "ANALYSIS OF ACTIVE BUCKET DESIGNS OF OPEN-PIT AND CONSTRUCTION EXCVATORS." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, no. 3 (May 21, 2021): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2021-2-3-171-179.
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The designs of active buckets are analyzed. It is revealed that dynamic impact of buckets on the rock mass can be vibrational or impact. The entire bucket, its front wall, or individual vibration impact devices mounted in the front wall can serve as a dynamic actuator. The drive of the active elements can be electromagnetic, hydromechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic. It is noted that the most successful design of the active bucket is the impact teeth built into the bucket with a pneumatic drive. It is concluded that the most productive idea is an active bucket with built-in impact devices and a hydraulic drive.
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Ortega Paredes, Abraham E., Leonardo R. A. X. de Menezes, Humberto Abdalla, and Ivan N. A. Romani. "Modeling and Characterization for Microstrip Filters in the Manufacturing Process through the Unscented Transform and Use of Electromagnetic Simulators." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2010 (2010): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/691241.
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This paper presents the unscented transform (UT) applied to uncertainty modeling of manufacturing tolerances at the design stage of microwave passive devices. The process combines the UT with electromagnetic simulations and assumes that the numerical sources of error are negligible in comparison to the imperfections due to the manufacturing process. The technique was validated with the simulation, construction, and test of several sets of identical microstrip filters with very good results. Although the combination of UT and electromagnetic simulators was presented for microstrip filters, it can also be used for different types of microwave devices.
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AL-Kinani, Zahraa Ibrahim, and Firas Faeq K. Hussain. "A Review of Plasmonic Photonic Crystal Fiber." Muthanna Journal of Pure Science 7, no. 2 (October 14, 2020): 38–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.52113/2/07.02.2020/38-66.
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"Nanophotonics technology is the study of the confinement of electromagnetic fields on a subwavelength scale and surface plasmons plays a major role in advancing this arising field. They can take various forms, ranging from freely propagating electron density waves along metal surfaces to localized electron oscillations on metal nanoparticles. The interaction between the free electrons' oscillations and electromagnetic waves of light gives the surface plasmons their appealing characteristics. Their ability of light confinement and propagation through subwavelength structures grants the construction of photonic devices with minimum size, hence the characterize and design of plasmonic devices can be resolved using numerical simulation. This review starts with general introduction about Plasmonic photonic crystal fiber. This is followed by a historical background and literature review of Plasmonic PCF. Some types of designs are illustrated. Finally, the applications of Plasmonic PCF are mentioned dependent on the types of design including the circular plasmonic photonic crystal fiber technique.
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Smith, S. T., and D. G. Chetwynd. "An Optimized Magnet-Coil Force Actuator and Its Application to Precision Elastic Mechanisms." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Mechanical Engineering Science 204, no. 4 (July 1990): 243–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_102_02.
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Sprung translation mechanisms driven by electromagnetic force actuators are often used to produce controllable motions. This paper is concerned with one family of such devices incorporating linear spring mechanisms suitable for short-range, high-precision applications. In these, a permanent magnet is attached to the movable translating stage which is, in turn, surrounded by a solenoid coil attached to a fixed datum. Design considerations are discussed, principally an optimum dimensional design for a uniformly wound circular cylindrical coil. Design models are verified by the construction of a simple device in steel and aluminium which demonstrates an open-loop positional accuracy of better than 0.5 per cent over a displacement range of 100 nm to 50 μm.
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Kriachok, Oleksandr, and Dmytro Sushko. "SIMULATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC PROCESSES IN THE WORKING AREA OF SPECIAL DEVICES CONSIDERING THE INFLUENCE OF THE MAGNETIC SCREEN." Bulletin of the National Technical University «KhPI» Series: New solutions in modern technologies, no. 3(13) (October 26, 2022): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2413-4295.2022.03.03.
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The work is devoted to the creation of a modern web-oriented software platform for designing magnetic systems of special devices and electric machines of new generations that are built on the basis of permanent magnets. To solve the problem of increasing the accuracy of the performed calculations it is necessary to develop new mathematical models that take into account the shielding effect of structural elements on physical processes in electromechanical devices. To obtain mathematical expressions for the calculation of strength components of the magnetic field at given points of piecewise homogeneous space, the method of secondary sources is applied. The studied system is of a generalized design of a magnetic suspension built on the basis of the connected permanent magnets that are facing each other. The entire structure is placed in the shielded housing. Since the electromagnetic system of the device contains parts of a complex shape in its design and has non-linear characteristics of the environment, in order to obtain a mathematical model, an approach is suggested that is based on that a task of calculating the magnetic field for a piecewise homogeneous medium can be formulated in the form systems of Fredholm linear integral equations of the second kind. In accordance with the method of secondary sources, the solution to the field calculation problem is divided into two stages: first the distribution of additional sources is found, the effect of which is equivalent to the influence of a heterogeneous environment on physical processes in work zone, and, at the next stage, based on the principle of superposition of fields, the total magnetic field caused by the presence of primary and secondary sources is calculated. Based on the obtained mathematical model, a calculation algorithm was developed and a web-oriented software system for modeling magnetic field characteristics was created. Using the developed software application, numerical experiments were conducted to simulate the magnetic field in the work zone of an electrical device according to the given electrophysical and geometric design parameters. The proposed approach can be used to solve other similar problems when it is necessary to calculate the characteristics of a system containing permanent magnets in the conditions of a piecewise homogeneous environment.
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Li, Qiao, Shahrir Abdullah, and Mohammad Rasidi Mohammad Rasani. "A Review of Progress and Hydrodynamic Design of Integrated Motor Pump-Jet Propulsion." Applied Sciences 12, no. 8 (April 10, 2022): 3824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12083824.
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The integrated motor pump-jet (IMP) propulsion system is a form of modern underwater vehicle propulsion that uses a modular design paradigm. The integrated motor propulsor is a compact construction consisting of a permanent magnet (PM) and a pump-jet propulsor, as well as the propulsion and electrical systems. Compactness, great reliability, and low noise are the most significant features of this technology. The primary technology research status and main application configurations of propulsion devices with an integrated motor were examined based on the working principles and attributes of the devices. The theoretical and experimental research on the design, performance analysis, and control of IMPs is discussed, covering electric motors; bearing structures; hydrodynamic design; and hydrodynamic, electromagnetic, and bearing coupling design technology. This research investigates the most recent research goals, progress, and applications of IMPs, which includes their hydrodynamic performance, cavitation, and gap flow. Finally, the future essential technologies of high power, low vibration, water-lubricated bearings, electromagnetic and bearing coupling design, and IMP antipollution and antidamage capacity are summarized.
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Vermiglio, Simona, Victor Champaney, Abel Sancarlos, Fatima Daim, Jean Claude Kedzia, Jean Louis Duval, Pedro Diez, and Francisco Chinesta. "Parametric Electromagnetic Analysis of Radar-Based Advanced Driver Assistant Systems." Sensors 20, no. 19 (October 5, 2020): 5686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20195686.
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Efficient and optimal design of radar-based Advanced Driver Assistant Systems (ADAS) needs the evaluation of many different electromagnetic solutions for evaluating the impact of the radome on the electromagnetic wave propagation. Because of the very high frequency at which these devices operate, with the associated extremely small wavelength, very fine meshes are needed to accurately discretize the electromagnetic equations. Thus, the computational cost of each numerical solution for a given choice of the design or operation parameters, is high (CPU time consuming and needing significant computational resources) compromising the efficiency of standard optimization algorithms. In order to alleviate the just referred difficulties the present paper proposes an approach based on the use of reduced order modeling, in particular the construction of a parametric solution by employing a non-intrusive formulation of the Proper Generalized Decomposition, combined with a powerful phase-angle unwrapping strategy for accurately addressing the electric and magnetic fields interpolation, contributing to improve the design, the calibration and the operational use of those systems.
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Zhang, Zhijie, Yonggang Zong, and Xiandong Zhao. "Design and research of port automatic magnetic mooring device based on electromagnetic technology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2131, no. 3 (December 1, 2021): 032118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2131/3/032118.
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Abstract With the rapid development of modern science and technology, ship design and construction are becoming more and more large-scale, professional and intelligent, and the degree of integration, intelligence and modularization of port and terminal equipment is also getting higher and higher. Smart ships and wisdom The construction of ports has become an important trend in the development of the shipping industry. Although the rope materials of modern ships have been greatly improved, the main mooring method of ships still relies on the traditional operation method of manual mooring [1], which has low operation efficiency, high degree of danger and high risk factor. This article mainly studies the use of electromagnetic technology to realize the automatic berthing and unberthing of ships. The electromagnetic mooring device is controlled by the remote control system to realize the automatic berthing and unberthing operations of the ship, and the height and angle are automatically adjusted according to the tide and loading conditions to realize berthing monitoring.
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Tynynyka, A. N. "Design methods for reducing noise and interferences in channels with lumped parameters in high-speed data processing." Технология и конструирование в электронной аппаратуре, no. 1-2 (2019): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15222/tkea2019.1-2.10.
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The article is devoted to the methods and rules of electronic design of radio electronic devices, which provide high stability and electromagnetic compatibility. The author considers how interferences may be caused by the unsuccessful design decisions when constructing discrete-analog channels of information conversion. The paper gives practical recommendations for choosing appropriate element base, grounding and power sources. The urgency of these tasks is caused by the requirements for increasing the speed of semiconductor devices and electronic circuits in general and reducing the amplitude of the working signals of digital devices, as well as by the problems of increasing the impact of interconnections and the assembly of nodes on the stability and speed of electronic devices and systems, by the problems of reducing the production complexity, material and time consumption, and of finding and eliminating the causes of low noise immunity of electronic devices. With the growth of the speed and layout density of the elements, ensuring the immunity of the electromagnetic interaction between different devices and systems becomes the most important task in construing the radio electronic systems in general. When designing any electronic circuit, one should inevitably allow for addi¬tional parasitic parameters of resistive, inductive and capacitive nature, which may unacceptably impair the performance and noise immunity of the actual design, or even lead to complete loss of functionality. Design and installation have a particular effect on the work of super-high-speed (high frequency) circuits and de¬vices – here the provision of system speed, noise immunity and electromagnetic compatibility become the main criteria for the quality of electronic design. The analysis of the special characteristics of the element base and of the experience of designing power sources and grounding, should help the developers of the electronic devices to reduce the noise in the shaped channels of high-speed data processing
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Chiarello, Eduardo, and Juliana Almansa Malagoli. "Optimal Coil Design of an Electromagnetic Actuator Using Particle Swarm Optimization." Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés 53, no. 6 (December 23, 2020): 755–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/jesa.530601.
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This paper aims to reduce the heating of the electromagnetic actuators of a magnetic bearing. The electrical current of the coils was above normal, so the need for a new coil design to reduce heating due to high currents. In this scenario, the proposed methodology allows minimizing copper losses using Particle Swarm Optimization, so that the best result of the design parameters will be used in the construction of the new coil for the actuator. For the development of this work, it was decided to use a computational tool for public use, FEMM (Finite Element Method Magnetics) to simulate the electromagnetic device. In the simulations, the densities of magnetic fluxes in the core and in the air gap are shown, as well as the energies, electromagnetic forces and losses in the copper of the electromagnetic actuator winding. Finally, an optimal model of the actuator is obtained through the use of optimization techniques. Therefore, the results obtained demonstrate that the proposed methodology is configured as an interesting strategy for the purpose of this work.
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Mirtabaee, Seyed Mostafa. "Design and Analysis of Electromagnetic Insulators for Toyota Tactical Vehicle ECU." UKH Journal of Science and Engineering 6, no. 2 (December 27, 2022): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25079/ukhjse.v6n2y2022.pp66-74.
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This study introduces the nature of electromagnetic bombs, how they work, the dangers, and how to deal with them. An electromagnetic bomb is a weapon that takes advantage of man's deep dependence on electricity and is designed accordingly. The purpose of this article is to design and fabricate Toyota 4.5F Tactical Vehicle ECU Electromagnetic Insulators. The design and construction of this device is also considered as vital and crucial equipment during electronic warfare and EMP attacks, so that it can be used as a reinforcement and vice versa, a weakening element or divider of the power of the enemy forces. The present study was performed as a numerical simulation in Comsol software environment. The results showed that the use of insulation is very effective in protecting the target systems against the damaging effects of electromagnetic waves. Additionally, the maximum amount of radiation to the ECU is at an angle of 0.25 radians and the minimum amount of radiation to ECU is recorded at an angle of 3.14 radians.
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Hernandez, M. Lindero, A. G. Espino-Hernández, and And M. Romero-Bastida. "Design and construction of a single-axis, low-frequency magnetic probe (B-dot probe) calibrated with a LCvar Helmholtz resonant circuit." Revista Mexicana de Física 65, no. 5 Sept-Oct (September 2, 2019): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.31349/revmexfis.65.560.
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Magnetic probes (also known as B-dot coil) are electromagnetic devices used to measure magneticeld variations in many frequency ranges. The measured magnetic eld frequency directly relates tothe elected method to make the B-dot coil calibration. This work presents a B-dot coil calibration ina frequency range from 6.16 kHz to 36.63 kHz. An inductor L (Helmholtz coil) connects in parallelwith a variable capacitor bank Cvar to form a coupled LCvar resonant circuit. The LCvar circuit isfed with a half bridge oscillator. The capacitance Cvar is varied until the circuit is in resonant stateat dierent frequencies. The resonant circuit produces sinusoidal oscillations in the aforementionfrequency band. The sensitivity is calculated by using voltage Vout of the B-dot coil and voltageVH measured from Helmholtz terminals.
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Del-Rio-Ruiz, Ruben, Juan-Manuel Lopez-Garde, and Jon Legarda. "Planar Textile Off-Body Communication Antennas: A Survey." Electronics 8, no. 6 (June 24, 2019): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8060714.
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Fully textile smart wearables will be the result of the complete integration and miniaturization of electronics and textile materials. Off-body communications are key for connecting smart wearables with external devices, even for wireless power transfer or energy harvesting. They need to fulfill specific electromagnetic (EM) (impedance bandwidth (BW), gain, efficiency, and front to back radiation (FTBR)) and mechanical (bending, crumpling, compression, washing and ironing) requirements so that the smart wearable device provides the required performance. Therefore, textile and flexible antennas require a proper trade-off between materials, antenna topologies, construction techniques, and EM and mechanical performances. This review shows the latest research works for textile and flexible planar, fully grounded antennas for off-body communications, providing a novel design guide that relates key antenna performance parameters versus topologies, feeding techniques, conductive and dielectric textile materials, as well as the behavior under diverse measurement conditions.
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SMOLIANINOV, V., and A. SUKHOPARA. "Improving the operation of the linear electromagnetic step device." Journal of Electrical and power engineering 23, no. 2 (December 23, 2020): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/2074-2630-2020-2-38-43.
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The improved operation of the linear electromagnetic device (LED) is proposed, without the use of additional sensors for control motion of mobile link LED and automation of technological process. Research focused on determination of the relationship of changes in active inductive parameters of the LED with its design parameters when moving the mobile link of LED and construction an improving the operation, that controls these changes for the increasing the efficiency of their functioning. For this research a theories of electrical circuits and electronic circuits were implemented, which takes into account the change in electrical parameters when moving the mobile link of the linear electromagnetic device. It is proved the dependence of the magnetic resistance in certain sections of the magnetic circuit from the position the mobile link and the design parameters of the LED, the intervals of the magnetic resistance change when the mobile link is moved by the size of the step. The accordance is found between the change in active - inductive parameters when the position of the moving link
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Kondratiuk, Mirosław, and Zdzisław Gosiewski. "Laboratory Stand of an Electromagnetic Multi-Coil Launcher for Micro Aerial Vehicles." Solid State Phenomena 198 (March 2013): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.198.334.
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In the paper we present development work on an electromagnetic launcher (EML) for micro aerial vehicles (MAVs). The requirements of controlled take-off were shortly described and main advantages and disadvantages of the commonly used rubber and pneumatic launchers were enumerated. Concept, design and construction of the magnetic coil launcher were presented. The driving coils geometry determination with using the method, which was based on finite element method (FEM) and mechanical power analyses, was proposed. Finally, construction and assembling process of the device were described. In addition, the results of preliminary laboratory tests, control issues and controller target platform were mentioned.
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Ganesh Sampath, V., Kadaverla Abhishek, and N. C. Lenin. "Design, Development and Electromagnetic Analysis of a Linear Induction Motor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 852 (September 2016): 794–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.852.794.
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Linear induction motors (LIMs) are a very effective drive mechanism for actuation and transportation systems. LIMs are capable of generating a non adhesive thrust force, providing both propulsion and levitation forces and is hence considered as a promising propulsion system [1]. LIMs are used in rapid transportation, baggage handling conveyors (belt conveyors), crane drives, theme park rides, induction pumps, impact extrusion machines, flexible manufacturing systems etc. This is attributed to various advantages LIMs have such as, high starting thrust, simple mechanical design and construction, alleviation of gears between motor and the motion device, no backlash, small friction and sustainability for low speed and high speed applications making LIM a strong candidate in applications with linear motion. Force can be uniformly applied to the conveyor belt over a wide area without any mechanical contact by using LIMs to drive conveyor belts, making the drive independent of frictional losses between the rollers and belt. This paper presents a design guide for a longitudinal flux single sided linear induction motor for conveyor application. The design parameters have been verified using two dimensional finite element analysis (2D-FEA). Test results imply the features of LIM that make it a strong candidate for simple conveyor applications.
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Liu, Z. S., Z. W. Fang, and X. X. Li. "Design of permanent magnet synchronous generator and anti-electromagnetic interference research." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2345, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2345/1/012008.
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Abstract Compared with the electric excitation synchronous generator, permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) use permanent magnet excitation to replace electric field winding, which can simplify the motor structure and also reduce the motor weight and loss, improve the efficiency and the reliability of the motor. And it also eliminates the excitation loss. Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) has many advantages such as wide load range, strong overload capacity and obvious energy saving effect. Based on Motor design software, Motor-Cad, a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) was optimum designed in this paper it can be used as an independent backup power source for daily life, business, engineering construction site, emergency rescue and emergency treatment, and the establishment of its structure, performance parameter and mathematical model were studied. At the same time, how to improve the capacity of permanent magnet generator against electromagnetic radiation interference is also a problem considered. Therefore, a current switching device is designed in the control system to prevent electromagnetic pulse damage to the permanent magnet generator. The performance simulation verifies that the permanent magnet synchronous generator designed in this paper meets the design requirements completely.
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Czaja, Pawel. "Influence of the Design of a Residual Current Device on Its Break Time." Energies 15, no. 23 (November 29, 2022): 9054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15239054.
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Residual current devices (RCDs) are devices that can provide very good protection measures against electric shock. Yet, under certain circumstances, they can cause unnecessary and unexpected switching off of power in the protected circuits. The main component that determines the properties of an RCD is the summation current transformer. In recently produced RCDs, whose operation is independent from the installation voltage, the summation transformer, apart from detection of the residual current, has yet another task: it must also provide an appropriate energy value to the electromagnetic release in order to carry out mechanical disconnection of the contacts. In this type of RCD, the core of the summation transformer should be made of magnetic material with very high permeability and appropriate geometric dimensions. Manufacturers of RCDs, in order to reduce production costs and to promote miniaturization of the devices, use cores for summation transformers made of amorphous or nanocrystalline materials quite often. In such RCD designs, the impedance-matching circuit is used in the secondary circuit of the summation transformer to ensure proper sensitivity to the residual current. The paper describes the impact of using additional impedance-matching elements in the secondary circuit on the RCD break time. The paper presents the results of tests and measurements of the RCD break times of various internal structures.
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Abdimuratov, Zh S., Zh D. Manbetova, M. N. Imankul, K. S. Chezhimbayeva, and A. Zh Sagyndikova. "METHODS FOR PROTECTING THE EQUIPMENT OF CELLULAR (MOBILE) CONNECTION FROM ELECTROMAGNETIC IMPACT." PHYSICO-MATHEMATICAL SERIES 335, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2224-5294.12.
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Under electromagnetic impact (EMI) of a sufficient level, temporary disruption of functioning, processing, transmission and storage of information in cellular equipment is possible. Possible problems of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of a mobile phone and a base station (BS) of cellular connection under the influence of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from other sources and their negative impact on functioning are considered. The energy of the HF electromagnetic field (EMF) after passing through the protective case can affect the devices of shielded radio electronic equipment (REE), therefore, the possible negative consequences of the impact of high-energy EMF on the REE are described. Possible negative consequences under certain conditions from the influence of the skin-effect, the effects of electrostatic discharge and electromagnetic pulses on electronic devices are given. It is shown that the constructional method of protecting REE from the effects of external electromagnetic factors consists in reducing the collected and transmitted EMF energy by improving the design, placement and installation of equipment. Components of some vendors for 5G systems that are resistant to external interference are given, and the possibilities for reducing the radiation level of a cell phone are noted. The necessity of an integrated approach to solving EMC problems is substantiated, which consists in the use of structural, circuitry and structural-functional methods of EMC provision. The new 5G (Fifth Generation) standard will operate at higher operating frequencies compared to previous generations. Due to the workload of the electromagnetic spectrum at frequencies below 6 GHz, 5G networks will be based on wireless radio access systems operating at frequencies of 30–100 GHz, that is, in the lower band of the extremely high frequency range EHF (Extremely High Frequency), 30–300 GHz.
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Abdimuratov, Zh S., Zh D. Manbetova, M. N. Imankul, K. S. Chezhimbayeva, and A. Zh Sagyndikova. "METHODS FOR PROTECTING THE EQUIPMENT OF CELLULAR (MOBILE) CONNECTION FROM ELECTROMAGNETIC IMPACT." PHYSICO-MATHEMATICAL SERIES 335, no. 1 (February 8, 2021): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1726.12.
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Under electromagnetic impact (EMI) of a sufficient level, temporary disruption of functioning, processing, transmission and storage of information in cellular equipment is possible. Possible problems of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of a mobile phone and a base station (BS) of cellular connection under the influence of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from other sources and their negative impact on functioning are considered. The energy of the HF electromagnetic field (EMF) after passing through the protective case can affect the devices of shielded radio electronic equipment (REE), therefore, the possible negative consequences of the impact of high-energy EMF on the REE are described. Possible negative consequences under certain conditions from the influence of the skin-effect, the effects of electrostatic discharge and electromagnetic pulses on electronic devices are given. It is shown that the constructional method of protecting REE from the effects of external electromagnetic factors consists in reducing the collected and transmitted EMF energy by improving the design, placement and installation of equipment. Components of some vendors for 5G systems that are resistant to external interference are given, and the possibilities for reducing the radiation level of a cell phone are noted. The necessity of an integrated approach to solving EMC problems is substantiated, which consists in the use of structural, circuitry and structural-functional methods of EMC provision. The new 5G (Fifth Generation) standard will operate at higher operating frequencies compared to previous generations. Due to the workload of the electromagnetic spectrum at frequencies below 6 GHz, 5G networks will be based on wireless radio access systems operating at frequencies of 30–100 GHz, that is, in the lower band of the extremely high frequency range EHF (Extremely High Frequency), 30–300 GHz.
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Monadizadeh, Shabnam, Charles J. Kibert, Jiaxuan Li, Junghoon Woo, Ashish Asutosh, Samira Roostaie, and Maryam Kouhirostami. "A REVIEW OF PROTOCOLS AND GUIDELINES ADDRESSING THE EXPOSURE OF OCCUPANTS TO ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD RADIATION (EMFR) IN BUILDINGS." Journal of Green Building 16, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 55–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.16.2.55.
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HIGHLIGHTS ABSTRACT A significant share of the technology that has emerged over the past several decades produces electromagnetic field (EMFR) radiation. Communications devices, household appliances, industrial equipment, and medical equipment and devices all produce EMFR with a variety of frequencies, strengths, and ranges. Some EMFR, such as Extremely Low Frequency (ELF), Radio Frequency (RF), and Ionizing Range (IR) radiation have been shown to have harmful effects on human health. Depending on the frequency and strength of the radiation, EMFR can have health effects at the cellular level as well as at brain, nervous, and cardiovascular levels. Health authorities have enacted regulations locally and globally to set critical values to limit the adverse effects of EMFR. By introducing a more comprehensive field of EMFR study and practice, architects and designers can design for a safer electromagnetic (EM) indoor environment, and, as building and construction specialists, will be able to monitor and reduce EM radiation. This paper identifies the nature of EMFR in the built environment, the various EMFR sources, and its human health effects. It addresses European and US regulations for EMFR in buildings and provides a preliminary action plan. The challenges of developing measurement protocols for the various EMFR frequency ranges and determining the effects of EMFR on building occupants are discussed. This paper argues that a mature method for measuring EMFR in building environments and linking these measurements to human health impacts will foster occupant health and lead to the adequate development of safeguards for occupants of buildings in future research.
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Nasybullin, A. R., O. G. Morozov, R. V. Farkhutdinov, and T. M. Ishkaev. "Microwave Bragg structures in a half-open coaxial line." Issues of radio electronics 1, no. 1 (March 13, 2021): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2218-5453-2021-1-4-12.
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Bragg microwave structures in a coaxial line have found application as converting elements in devices for dielectric control of liquid and bulk medias. A feature of the measuring conversion of the complex dielectric constant in coaxial structures is the introduction of the substance under study into the inner space of the line. The latter circumstance imposes certain restrictions on the design of the external conductor for express control. In this regard, the consideration of half-open coaxial lines based on an external conductor in the form of longitudinal conducting rods is an urgent problem. The article proposes a method for calculating the wave impedance of a half-open coaxial line using a numerical calculation of electromagnetic fields. Based on the results of modeling Bragg microwave structures in a half-open coaxial line, recommendations are made for the construction of conversion elements based on them.
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Liao, Xiaowen, Chris Bingham, and Tim Smith. "Speed Control of Magnetic Drive-Trains with Pole-Slipping Amelioration." Energies 15, no. 21 (November 1, 2022): 8148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15218148.
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The paper introduces new techniques to reduce the potential for pole-slipping induced by control systems and presents a low-cost pole-slipping detection and recovery scheme for magnetic drive-trains (MDTs). For the first time, the paper shows that a combination of electromagnetic and load-torque excitations which individually are not greater than the maximum coupling torque can initiate pole-slipping. For applications where acceleration feedback is unavailable, the motor-side inertia is virtually increased with a tracking differentiator to provide feedback of acceleration. Subsequently, controller design and parameter optimization are discussed. Experimental measurements on a custom test facility verify the presented principles that low-bandwidth controller designs with low inertia ratios can accommodate a wider range of on-load startup torque and load-torque disturbances without pole-slipping. To address overload issues, a pole-slipping detection method based on the kurtosis of electromagnetic torque and a recovery strategy based on converting the state of pole-slipping into that of on-load startup are presented. Experimental results demonstrate that detecting slip anomalies without load-side information, and recovery from pole-slipping without auxiliary mechanical devices are both feasible.
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Ma, Chao-Tsung, Cheng-Ling Lee, and Yan-Wun You. "Design and Implementation of a Novel Measuring Scheme for Fiber Interferometer Based Sensors." Sensors 19, no. 19 (September 21, 2019): 4080. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194080.
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This paper presents a novel measuring scheme for fiber interferometer (FI) based sensors. With the advantages of being small sizes, having high sensitivity, a simple structure, good durability, being easy to integrate fiber optic communication and having immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI), FI based sensing devices are suitable for monitoring remote system states or variations in physical parameters. However, the sensing mechanism for the interference spectrum shift of FI based sensors requires expensive equipment, such as a broadband light source (BLS) and an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA). This has strongly handicapped their wide application in practice. To solve this problem, we have, for the first time, proposed a smart measuring scheme, in which a commercial laser diode (LD) and a photodetector (PD) are used to detect the equivalent changes of optical power corresponding to the variation in measuring parameters, and a signal processing system is used to analyze the optical power changes and to determine the spectrum shifts. To demonstrate the proposed scheme, a sensing device on polymer microcavity fiber Fizeau interferometer (PMCFFI) is taken as an example for constructing a measuring system capable of long-distance monitoring of the temperature and relative humidity. In this paper, theoretical analysis and fundamental tests have been carried out. Typical results are presented to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed measuring scheme, smartly converting the interference spectrum shifts of an FI sensing device into the corresponding variations of voltage signals. With many attractive features, e.g., simplicity, low cost, and reliable remote-monitoring, the proposed scheme is very suitable for practical applications.
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Guo, Youguang, Lin Liu, Xin Ba, Haiyan Lu, Gang Lei, Pejush Sarker, and Jianguo Zhu. "Characterization of Rotational Magnetic Properties of Amorphous Metal Materials for Advanced Electrical Machine Design and Analysis." Energies 15, no. 20 (October 21, 2022): 7798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15207798.
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Amorphous metal (AM), specifically amorphous ferromagnetic metal, is considered as a satisfactory magnetic material for exploring electromagnetic devices with high-efficiency and high-power density, such as electrical machines and transformers, benefits from its various advantages, such as reasonably low power loss and very high permeability in medium to high frequency. However, the characteristics of these materials have not been investigated comprehensively, which limits its application prospects to good-performance electrical machines that have the magnetic flux density with generally rotational and non-sinusoidal features. The appropriate characterization of AMs under different magnetizations is among the fundamentals for utilizing these materials in electrical machines. This paper aims to extensively overview AM property measurement techniques in the presence of various magnetization patterns, particularly rotational magnetizations, and AM property modeling methods for advanced electrical machine design and analysis. Possible future research tasks are also discussed for further improving AM applications.
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Elshin, Anatoly, Vyacheslav Kozhukhov, and Petr Elshin. "Calculation of substitution scheme parameters inductive-conductive heater." Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences, no. 4 (January 20, 2021): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2020-4-7-16.
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To reduce production costs in the design and creation of an inductive-conductive heater (ICH), it is necessary to carry out a preliminary calculation as accurately as possible. This is possible when using the most approximate electrical circuit for replacing the ICH to a real object. It becomes possible to assess the work of the ICH in various operating conditions, including emergency conditions, using simpler modeling. An inductive-conductive heater transformertype is a three-rod W-shaped magnetic circuit with primary windings, which are covered by a heat exchanger (HE) of three concentric systems of electrically conductive cylinders with an internal slotted channel for the coolant. The energy from the mains supply is inductively transferred to the heat exchanger through the air gap by means of the primary winding. The secondary circuit of an electromagnetic device is a heat exchanger in which electrical energy is converted into heat. The heat flux from the heated cylindrical walls of the HE conductively heats the coolant circulating in the system to the required temperature. The large surface area of the HE allows you to avoid its overheating in relation to the coolant, which has a positive effect during the operation of the ICH in heating and hot water supply systems, significantly reducing the deposition of water impurities on the walls of the HE. The service life of the device is increased to 100 thousand hours or more. In the work, the synthesis of elements of the ICH equivalent circuit is carried out and the results of calculating the characteristics of the stationary mode of a number of products are presented. The equivalent circuit allows you to simulate electromagnetic processes in devices of different power, voltage and industrial frequencies in the range of 50…1000 Hz. If the configuration of the heating chamber (secondary circuit) is changed, the parameters of the elements of the equivalent circuit are adjusted without changing the general construction algorithm. For new products of inductive-conductive heating, there are no bibliographic data for calculating the elements of the equivalent circuit, especially regarding the formation of the replacement circuit of the secondary circuit, determined by the design of the heating chamber. To fill this gap, the authors have done this work.
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Kindl, Vladimir, Lukáš Sobotka, Michal Frivaldsky, and Martin Skalicky. "Analytical Method for Designing Three-Phase Air-Gapped Compensation Choke." Energies 15, no. 19 (October 5, 2022): 7328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197328.
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The compensating choke plays an important role in many high-power industrial applications with reactive power compensation. Due to the high number of devices installed every year and the EU’s efforts to reduce the energy demands of our society, it is advisable to maximize the efficiency of these devices. Due to the non-linearity of the magnetic core, the requirement of a linear operating characteristic, and the presence of a distributed air gap, this is a difficult task, with various technical challenges. This paper presents an analytical method for the electromagnetic design of a three-phase compensating choke with an air-gapped core and a flat load characteristic. The design method considers the fringing magnetic fields and the current-density dimensioning based on an advanced analytical thermal model. The proposed method is based on the use of existing analytical procedures; however, optimization was conducted to achieve a trade-off between the core and the I2R losses to manipulate the efficiency and the weight and identify optimization possibilities. The presented method was verified by the finite element method (FEM) using the engineering-simulation software, ANSYS.
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Liu, Kun, Xin Xiang, and Liyan Yin. "Radio Frequency Database Construction and Modulation Recognition in Wireless Sensor Networks." Sensors 22, no. 15 (July 30, 2022): 5715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155715.
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Current modulation recognition methods in wireless sensor networks rely too much on simulation datasets. Its practical application effect cannot reach the expected results. To address this issue, in this paper we collect a large amount of real-world wireless signal data based on the software radio device USRP 2920. We then propose a real radio frequency (RF) database architecture and preprocessing operators to manage real-world wireless signal data, conduct signal preprocessing, and export the dataset. Based on different feature datasets derived from the RF database, we propose a multidimensional feature hybrid network (MFHN), which is used to identify unknown signals by analyzing different kinds of signal features. Further, we improve MFHN and design a multifeatured joint migration network (MJMN) to identify small-sample targets. The experimental results show that the recognition rates for unknown target signals of the MFHN and MJMN are 82.7% and 93.2%, respectively. The proposed methods improve the recognition performance in the single node of wireless sensor networks in complex electromagnetic environments, which provides reference for subsequent decision fusion.
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Zhang, Weiming, Huimin Xiang, Fu-Zhi Dai, Biao Zhao, Shijiang Wu, and Yanchun Zhou. "Achieving ultra-broadband electromagnetic wave absorption in high-entropy transition metal carbides (HE TMCs)." Journal of Advanced Ceramics 11, no. 4 (March 17, 2022): 545–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40145-021-0554-2.
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AbstractElectronic devices pervade everyday life, which has triggered severe electromagnetic (EM) wave pollution. To face this challenge, developing EM wave absorbers with ultra-broadband absorption capacity is critically required. Currently, nano-composite construction has been widely utilized to realize impedance match and broadband absorption. However, complex experimental procedures, limited thermal stability, and interior oxidation resistance are still unneglectable issues. Therefore, it is appealing to realize ultra-broadband EM wave absorption in single-phase materials with good stability. Aiming at this target, two high-entropy transition metal carbides (HE TMCs) including (Zr,Hf,Nb,Ta)C (HE TMC-2) and (Cr,Zr,Hf,Nb,Ta)C (HE TMC-3) are designed and synthesized, of which the microwave absorption performance is investigated in comparison with previously reported (Ti,Zr,Hf,Nb,Ta)C (HE TMC-1). Due to the synergistic effects of dielectric and magnetic losses, HE TMC-2 and HE TMC-3 exhibit better impedance match and wider effective absorption bandwidth (EAB). In specific, the exclusion of Ti element in HE TMC-2 endows it optimal minimum reflection loss (RLmin) and EAB of −41.7 dB (2.11 mm, 10.52 GHz) and 3.5 GHz (at 3.0 mm), respectively. Remarkably, the incorporation of Cr element in HE TMC-3 significantly improves the impedance match, thus realizing EAB of 10.5, 9.2, and 13.9 GHz at 2, 3, and 4 mm, respectively. The significance of this study lays on realizing ultra-broadband capacity in HE TMC-3 (Cr, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta), demonstrating the effectiveness of high-entropy component design in tailoring the impedance match.
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Semenov, Andriy, Olena Semenova, Bogdan Pinaiev, Roman Kulias, and Oleksandr Shpylovyi. "Development of a flexible antenna-wristband for wearable wrist-worn infocommunication devices of the LTE standard." Technology audit and production reserves 3, no. 1(65) (June 30, 2022): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2022.261718.
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The object of research is the process of radiation of electromagnetic waves from a flexible antenna-wristband. The subject of research is the wave parameters and directional properties of a flexible antenna-wristband. The existing problem is that it is necessary to ensure the electromagnetic compatibility of the radio frequency units of the wrist-worn infocommunication device. This problem is due to the fact that LTE/NB-IoT, Bluetooth/Wi-Fi, and GPS antennas must be placed inside the small-sized case of the infocommunication device. To solve this problem, let’s propose a simple and cheap version of a broadband flexible bracelet antenna for LTE networks, located outside the device case. As a basis for the development of a flexible antenna-wristband, the authors chose a patch antenna, which is the base of the theory of microstrip antennas. This is due to the fact that the theoretical material is well developed for the calculation and study of the patch antenna. Structurally, a patch antenna consists of an upper metal layer that emits electromagnetic waves, a solid dielectric base, and a lower metal layer that acts as a reflector. With the classical approach to constructing a patch antenna, the width and length of its upper layer are commensurate, and its lower metal layer has geometric dimensions much larger than the upper metal layer. In contrast to the classical design, the authors proposed a new shape of the patch antenna, in which the length of the upper layer of the radiation surface is much greater than its width (5–6 times), and the lower metal layer has dimensions slightly larger than the dimensions of the upper layer. The authors have developed a flexible antenna-wristband for the frequency range of 800–1300 MHz with a wave impedance of 50 ohms, 118.7×23 mm of the upper metal layer, and 124.7×25 mm of the lower metal layer. The length of the microstrip feed line of the antenna is 54.6 mm, its width is 2 mm, and the length of the insert is 51.6 mm. The flexible antenna-wristband is connected to the printed circuit board of the infocommunication device by soldering or using a mini-coaxial cable. The authors developed an experimental layout of a flexible antenna-wristband and studied its wave and directional properties. It has been established that in the frequency range 800–1300 MHz the voltage standing wave ratio coefficient of this antenna does not exceed 3.5. The flexible antenna-wristband has directional properties, which allows reducing the level of electromagnetic radiation in the direction of the human body.
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Farzidayeri, Jamshid, and Vishwas Bedekar. "Design of a V-Twin with Crank-Slider Mechanism Wind Energy Harvester Using Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction for Powering Small Scale Electronic Devices." Energies 15, no. 17 (August 26, 2022): 6215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176215.
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The maintenance of wireless sensor networks involves challenges such as the periodic replacement of batteries or energy sources in remote locations that are often inaccessible. Therefore, onboard energy harvesting solutions can provide a viable alternative. Experimental energy harvesting from fluid flow, specifically from air flow, is typically restricted to a rotor and stator design or a model that strikes a piezoelectric. On the other hand, energy harvesting from mechanical vibrations routinely uses the linear motion of a magnet passing through a coil or vibrating piezoelectric elements. In this paper, we propose a novel V-twin harvester design that converts wind energy from a rotational input into the linear motion of a magnet inside a coil via a crank-slider mechanism. This design allows for high performance with a smoother voltage output when compared to a reference rotor/stator harvester design or piezoelectric method. At 0.5 Hz, a single crank-slider generated a voltage of 0.176 Vpp with an output power of 0.147 mW, whereas the reference harvester generated 0.14 mW at 1.0 Hz with a 0.432 Vpp. A single crank-slider operating at regulated frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 Hz, with a stroke length of 50 mm and a generated continuous power of 0.147, 0.452, 2.00, and 4.48 mW, respectively. We found that under ambient wind speeds of 3.4 and 4.1 m/s the V-twin formation with the optimized configuration, in which the coils and loads were both connected in series, generated 27.0 and 42.2 mW, respectively.
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Koshkid’ko, V. G., and M. M. Migalin. "Design of a Slotted Waveguide Antenna by Means of VBScript Scripting Language Macros in CAD Ansys HFSS." Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics 23, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/1993-8985-2020-23-1-6-17.
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Introduction. Modern antenna devices contain a large number of repeating elements. The process of development of CAD models of such devices requires repeatedly performed operations that is a routine task for an engineer. Therefore, the problem of repeating operations automation arises when constructing antenna models with periodic structures.Aim. To demonstrate the automation of slotted waveguide antennas design process in CAD Ansys HFSS.Materials and methods. In order to determine the dimensions of the slotted waveguide antenna the energy method was used. Automation procedure of the design of the slotted waveguide antennas in CAD Ansys HFSS using the Visual Basic Scripting Edition macros was presented.Results. In order to design and edit slotted waveguide antennas in CAD Ansys HFSS four macros in the VBScript language were established: for slot subtraction from a broad wall of a rectangular waveguide at given coordinates; for removing the original slots created using the previous macro; for drawing a polyline passing through the centers of the slots, in order to verify the antenna’s near field realized distribution; for inclined slot subtraction from a narrow wall of a rectangular waveguide at given coordinates. Results of the macros usage were presented.Conclusion. The above mentioned macros allow one to automate the routine steps during the process of creating and deleting objects while designing an antenna model with periodic structures in CAD Ansys HFSS. Specified procedures for creating macros could be extended to a wide class of tasks related to the studies of characteristics of electromagnetic structures including repeating objects (phased antenna arrays, reflective arrays, slotted waveguide antennas, fractal antennas, log-periodic antennas, multi-layer lens antennas, ladder-type microwave filters).
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Velez, Raymond A., Nickolay V. Lavrik, Ivan I. Kravchenko, Michael J. Sepaniak, and Marco A. De Jesus. "Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Studies of Disc-on-Pillar (DOP) Arrays: Contrasting Enhancement Factor with Analytical Performance." Applied Spectroscopy 73, no. 6 (May 20, 2019): 665–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702819846503.
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The use of nanomachining methods capable of reproducible construction of nano-arrayed devices have revolutionized the field of plasmonic sensing by the introduction of a diversity of rationally engineered designs. Significant strides have been made to fabricate plasmonic platforms with tailored interparticle gaps to improve their performance for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications. Over time, a dichotomy has emerged in the implementation of SERS for analytical applications, the construction of substrates, optimization of interparticle spacing as a means to optimize electromagnetic field enhancement at the localized surface plasmon level, and the substrate sensitivity over extended areas to achieve quantitative performance. This work assessed the enhancement factor of plasmonic Ag/SiO2/Si disc-on-pillar (DOP) arrays of variable pitch with its analytical performance for quantitative applications. Experimental data were compared with those from finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations used in the optimization of the array dimensions. A self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of benzenethiol rendered highly reproducible signals (RSD ∼4–10%) and SERS substrate enhancement factor (SSEF) values in the orders of 106–108 for all pitches. Spectra corresponding to rhodamine 6G (R6G) and 4-aminobenzoic acid demonstrated the advantages of using the more densely packed DOP arrays with a 160 nm pitch (gap = 40 nm) for quantitation in spite of the strongest SSEF was attained for a pitch of 520 nm corresponding to a 400 nm gap.
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Jintanawan, Thitima, Gridsada Phanomchoeng, Surapong Suwankawin, Weeraphat Thamwiphat, Varinthorn Khunkiat, and Wasu Watanasiri. "Design of a More Efficient Rotating-EM Energy Floor with Lead-Screw and Clutch Mechanism." Energies 15, no. 18 (September 7, 2022): 6539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186539.
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There is an interest in harvesting energy from people’s footsteps in crowded areas to power smart electronic devices with low consumption. The average power consumption of these devices is approximately 10 μW. The energy from our footsteps is green and free, because walking is a routine activity in everyday life. The energy floor is one of the most efficient pieces of equipment in vibration-based energy harvesting. The paper aims to improve the previous design of the energy floor—called Genpath—which uses a rotational electromagnetic (EM) technique to generate electricity from human footsteps. The design consists of two main parts of (1) the EM generator, including the lead-screw mechanism for translation-to-rotation conversion, and (2) the Power Management and Storage (PMS) circuit. The improvement was focused on the part of the EM generator. A thorough investigation of the design components reveals that the EM generator shaft in the previous Genpath design cannot continuously rotate when the floor-tile reaches the bottom end, resulting in no energy gain. Therefore, a one-way clutch is implemented to the system to disengage the generator shaft from the lead-screw motion when the floor-tile reaches the allowable displacement. During the disengagement, the EM generator shaft still proceeds with a free rotation and could generate more power. In our analysis, the dynamic model of the electro-mechanical systems with the one-way clutch was successfully developed and used to predict the energy performances of the VEH floors and fine-tune the design parameters. The analytical result is shown that the spring stiffness mainly affects the force transmitted to the EM generator, and then the induced voltage and power of the generator, thus, the value of the stiffness is one of the critical design parameters to optimize. Finally, the new prototype consisting of 12-V-DC generator, mechanisms of lead-screw and clutch, as well as coil springs with the optimal stiffness of 1700 N/m was built and tested. The average energy produced by the new prototype is 3637 mJ (or average power of 3219 mW), per footstep which is 2935 mJ greater than that of the previous design. Moreover, to raise the social awareness about energy usage, the sets of Genpath have been used to organize an exhibition, “Genpath Empower our Journey”. The people who stroll forward on the paths can realize how much energy they gain from their footsteps.
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Koziel, Slawomir, and Anna Pietrenko-Dabrowska. "Performance-Driven Yield Optimization of High-Frequency Structures by Kriging Surrogates." Applied Sciences 12, no. 7 (April 6, 2022): 3697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12073697.
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Uncertainty quantification is an important aspect of engineering design, as manufacturing tolerances may affect the characteristics of the structure. Therefore, the quantification of these effects is indispensable for an adequate assessment of design quality. Toward this end, statistical analysis is performed, for reliability reasons, using full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations. Still, the computational expenditures associated with EM-driven statistical analysis often turn out to be unendurable. Recently, a performance-driven modeling technique has been proposed that may be employed for uncertainty quantification purposes and can enable circumventing the aforementioned difficulties. Capitalizing on this idea, this paper discusses a procedure for fast and simple surrogate-based yield optimization of high-frequency structures. The main concept of the approach is a tailored definition of the surrogate domain, which is based on a couple of pre-optimized designs that reflect the directions featuring maximum variability of the circuit responses with respect to its dimensions. A compact size of such a domain allows for the construction of an accurate metamodel therein using moderate numbers of training samples, and subsequently, it is employyed to enhance the yield. The implementation details are dedicated to a particular type of device. Results obtained for a ring-slot antenna and a miniaturized rat-race coupler imply that the cost of yield optimization process can be reduced to few dozens of EM analyses.
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Ovcharuk, Iryna, and Volodymyr Ovcharuk. "Computer Graphics. Overview of CAD Technologies." Digital Platform: Information Technologies in Sociocultural Sphere 5, no. 2 (December 27, 2022): 321–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31866/2617-796x.5.2.2022.270135.
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The purpose of the article is to review computer-aided design systems (CAD systems), types of CAD systems and their features.
The research methodology consists in reviewing and conducting an analysis of modern technologies designed to automate design work in various industries, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of existing design systems.
The novelty of the study. The types of CAD systems, namely CAE/CAD/CAM systems, which are used in various sectors of the national economy; classification and examples of systems by application, namely architectural and construction (AEC CAD), mechanical (MCAD), electronic (ECAD), technological (CAPP) are considered. The article also presents product data management systems, engineering calculation support and analysis systems and examples of such systems.
Conclusions. The material presented in the article makes it possible to form an idea of the full life cycle of manufacturing a product in various fields of industrial and agricultural activity from the preliminary design, which is designed by the system, to the final stage of design – process control, preservation of complete information about the product from geometric characteristics to the analysis and calculation of engineering characteristics, which include, for example, solid mechanics and solving various problems in the field of physics, namely fluid dynamics, voltage, electromagnetics Without these systems today it is impossible to imagine high-quality production of structures, devices in any field of industrial and agricultural activity.
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Salis, Christos, Nikolaos V. Kantartzis, and Theodoros Zygiridis. "An adaptive sparse polynomial-chaos technique based on anisotropic indices." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 39, no. 3 (May 21, 2020): 691–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-10-2019-0392.
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Purpose The fabrication of electromagnetic (EM) components may induce randomness in several design parameters. In such cases, an uncertainty assessment is of high importance, as simulating the performance of those devices via deterministic approaches may lead to a misinterpretation of the extracted outcomes. This paper aims to present a novel heuristic for the sparse representation of the polynomial chaos (PC) expansion of the output of interest, aiming at calculating the involved coefficients with a small computational cost. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents a novel heuristic that aims to develop a sparse PC technique based on anisotropic index sets. Specifically, this study’s approach generates those indices by using the mean elementary effect of each input. Accurate outcomes are extracted in low computational times, by constructing design of experiments (DoE) which satisfy the D-optimality criterion. Findings The method proposed in this study is tested on three test problems; the first one involves a transmission line that exhibits several random dielectrics, while the second and the third cases examine the effects of various random design parameters to the transmission coefficient of microwave filters. Comparisons with the Monte Carlo technique and other PC approaches prove that accurate outcomes are obtained in a smaller computational cost, thus the efficiency of the PC scheme is enhanced. Originality/value This paper introduces a new sparse PC technique based on anisotropic indices. The proposed method manages to accurately extract the expansion coefficients by locating D-optimal DoE.
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Yang, Zhe, and Cheng Yang. "Research on the Application of Intelligent Calibration Device for Nuclear Power Plants Based on Wireless Sensor Technology." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 12, no. 05 (May 26, 2016): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v12i05.5731.
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<span lang="EN-US">Wireless technology possesses distinct technical and economic advantages in the design, construction, and operations management of nuclear power plants. To improve the level of autonomy of nuclear power plants, we discuss the research on the international system of developing wireless technology applications for use in nuclear power plants. Further studies have enabled the extensive use of wireless technology in China’s nuclear power industry. The application of the proposed wireless sensor technology in nuclear power plants is based on reliability, environmental adaptability, electromagnetic compatibility, scalability, and maintainability requirements. Accordingly, the application will be a gradual process but wireless sensor technology needs to evolve continuously to meet these requirements. This study is designed to implement a thermal instrumentation calibration device using a Windows CE embedded operating system as the core of the test procedures in accordance with the relevant requirements. We also maximize the considerable reliability of an embedded operating system in the traditional areas of metering industry. Results show that in using wireless technology in nuclear power plant, the general thermal instrumentation calibration application of an intelligent device system is low, data accuracy is high, and the process is stable.</span>
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Całus, Dariusz. "Analysis of the Thermal Processes in an Electromagnetic Mill." Energies 15, no. 21 (October 25, 2022): 7899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15217899.
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The purpose of this research is to develop effective methods for the thermal calculation of an electromagnetic mill. The article deals with the structural features of the liquid cooling system of such a device, with direct channel cooling of the induction coils. By analysing the recent research in this area, I have revealed that in order to achieve this goal it is expedient to use the finite element method (FEM). I have also suggested the input data for the boundary values to calculate a three-dimensional thermal field of an electromagnetic mill with an internal diameter of the working chamber of 200 mm. I have also graphically shown the results of calculating this problem using FEM analysis. Based on the analysis of the temperature field and gradient, I have also synthesized and substantiated the structure of the thermal equivalent circuit, which approximates the active part of the mill with a complex of five bodies with internal heat release and enables an approximate estimation of its thermal state at the initial stages of design to be held. I have suggested the formulae to calculate the parameters of this equivalent circuit and the principle to form a system of equations for the further determination of unknown temperatures. In addition, I have performed a comparative analysis of the methods for calculating the thermal state.
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Waindok, Andrzej, Bronisław Tomczuk, and Dariusz Koteras. "Modeling of Magnetic Field and Transients in a Novel Permanent Magnet Valve Actuator." Sensors 20, no. 9 (May 9, 2020): 2709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092709.
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This paper concerns mathematical modelling of dynamic performances to a new permanent magnet electromagnetic valve actuator (PMEVA). Both static and transient characteristics were simulated by using the finite element method (FEM) and field-circuit approach. The magnetic force values versus the excitation current and the position of the valve actuator movable part have been determined. Our concept of the mover positioning relative to the radial magnets is quite novel. PMEVA parameters are satisfied for implementation in combustion engines. Transients in the device have also been analyzed for no-load and for the nominal burden of the actuator. The indications of the position sensors and the excitation current waves were simulated and measured for the step voltage supply. The calculation results were verified experimentally, and a good conformity has been observed. The advantages of our actuator are simple construction, short time of the switching, the current supplying being needed only at the runner extreme positions, and simple controlling. Additionally, PMEVA design can be extended to support the simultaneous operation of four valves.
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Sobianin, Ihor, Sotiria D. Psoma, and Antonios Tourlidakis. "Recent Advances in Energy Harvesting from the Human Body for Biomedical Applications." Energies 15, no. 21 (October 26, 2022): 7959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15217959.
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Energy harvesters serve as continuous and long-lasting sources of energy that can be integrated into wearable and implantable sensors and biomedical devices. This review paper presents the current progress, the challenges, the advantages, the disadvantages and the future trends of energy harvesters which can harvest energy from various sources from the human body. The most used types of energy are chemical; thermal and biomechanical and each group is represented by several nano-generators. Chemical energy can be harvested with a help of microbial and enzymatic biofuel cells, thermal energy is collected via thermal and pyroelectric nano-generators, biomechanical energy can be scavenged with piezoelectric and triboelectric materials, electromagnetic and electrostatic generators and photovoltaic effect allows scavenging of light energy. Their operating principles, power ratings, features, materials, and designs are presented. There are different ways of extracting the maximum energy and current trends and approaches in nanogenerator designs are discussed. The ever-growing interest in this field is linked to a larger role of wearable electronics in the future. Possible directions of future development are outlined; and practical biomedical applications of energy harvesters for glucose sensors, oximeters and pacemakers are presented. Based on the increasingly accumulated literature, there are continuous promising improvements which are anticipated to lead to portable and implantable devices without the requirement for batteries.
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Zhu, Gui-Ping, Qi-Yue Wang, Zhao-Kun Ma, Shi-Hua Wu, and Yi-Pan Guo. "Droplet Manipulation under a Magnetic Field: A Review." Biosensors 12, no. 3 (March 2, 2022): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12030156.
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The magnetic manipulation of droplets is one of the emerging magnetofluidic technologies that integrate multiple disciplines, such as electromagnetics, fluid mechanics and so on. The directly driven droplets are mainly composed of ferrofluid or liquid metal. This kind of magnetically induced droplet manipulation provides a remote, wireless and programmable approach beneficial for research and engineering applications, such as drug synthesis, biochemistry, sample preparation in life sciences, biomedicine, tissue engineering, etc. Based on the significant growth in the study of magneto droplet handling achieved over the past decades, further and more profound explorations in this field gained impetus, raising concentrations on the construction of a comprehensive working mechanism and the commercialization of this technology. Current challenges faced are not limited to the design and fabrication of the magnetic field, the material, the acquisition of precise and stable droplet performance, other constraints in processing speed and so on. The rotational devices or systems could give rise to additional issues on bulky appearance, high cost, low reliability, etc. Various magnetically introduced droplet behaviors, such as deformation, displacement, rotation, levitation, splitting and fusion, are mainly introduced in this work, involving the basic theory, functions and working principles.
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Gornostaev, A. I. "Features of ensuring noise immunity of interface modules for temperature control in measuring instruments of spacecraft." Spacecrafts & Technologies 5, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.26732/j.st.2021.2.04.
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An important stage in the development of temperature control interface modules for measuring instruments, implemented according to the main-modular principle of construction on the basis of a central instrument module and used as part of a measuring system on spacecraft for various purposes, is to ensure their noise-immune operation when the measuring system is exposed to a combination of various types of interference which determine the electromagnetic environment on the spacecraft. The article is devoted to the analysis of the characteristics of various types of interference affecting the measuring system, identifying the ways of their penetration into the temperature control interface module and determining the influence of the characteristics of these interference on the choice of measures to ensure the required noise immunity of the temperature control interface module as part of the measuring device. It is shown that the paths of interference penetration into the interface temperature control module depend on the frequency and time characteristics of the interference affecting the measuring system. Measures to mitigate these interference must be determined after assessing the danger of their penetration into the interface temperature control module for each path separately in the entire frequency range of their impact. Based on the results of such assessments, a set of reasonable measures should be determined to ensure the noise immunity of the interface temperature control module as part of the measuring device, implemented in combination at the design levels of the measuring system, the measuring device and the interface temperature control module.
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Saldanha, C. M., and D. A. Lowther. "Automating the design process for electromagnetic devices." Computer-Aided Engineering Journal 3, no. 5 (1986): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cae.1986.0046.
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Jun Ouyang and D. A. Lowther. "A Hybrid Design Model for Electromagnetic Devices." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 45, no. 3 (March 2009): 1442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2009.2012666.
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Albanese, R., E. Coccorese, R. Martone, and G. Rubinacci. "Advances in electromagnetic design of fusion devices." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 29, no. 6 (November 1993): 2353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.281017.
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Zgraja, Jerzy, and Adam Cieslak. "Induction heating in estimation of thermal properties of conductive materials." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 36, no. 2 (March 6, 2017): 458–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-05-2016-0210.
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Purpose The purpose of the research was to develop a method for the determination of temperature characteristics of thermal diffusivity and specific heat on a single and the same stand, powered from an inverter for induction heating. Determination of the thermal diffusivity has been based on the idea of the pulse method. Searched solutions allowed to reduce inaccuracy of the pulse method when such an unusual source of pulse of energy is used. Design/methodology/approach Coupled electromagnetic and thermal calculations were carried out to verify proposed methods for estimating thermal properties of an induction heated charge. Presented methods were applied into a real laboratory stand and they were examined experimentally. Findings Achieved results of calculations allow to estimate thermal properties of the induction heated charge with 2 and 5 per cent of uncertainty, respectively, for heat capacity and thermal diffusivity. It gives possibility to use results as an input for further proceedings connected with estimation of electrical parameters in a more complex system. Practical implications Presented methods of estimating thermal properties of the induction heated charge were verified experimentally on a dedicated laboratory stand. It gives a practical possibility to implement previously established assumptions and examine them. This is a significant step toward the construction of an easy-to-use device for a comprehensive determination of material parameters of metals directly in the heat treatment plant. Originality/value This study presents a trial of implementation of induction heating as a source of energy in the impulse method for estimation of thermal properties of the material. Additionally, it presents a process of improving results achieved with the flash methods which were presented in previous papers. The method of estimation of specific heat which uses induction heating as the heat source was presented too.
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Rong, R., and D. A. Lowther. "Adapting design using dimensional models of electromagnetic devices." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 32, no. 3 (May 1996): 1437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.497518.
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SIKORA, J., W. KWIATKOWSKI, and H. KRAUS. "SOME ASPECTS OF OPTIMUM DESIGN OF ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICES." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 12, no. 1 (January 1993): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb010333.
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La Spada, Luigi, Sajad Haq, and Yang Hao. "Modeling and design for electromagnetic surface wave devices." Radio Science 52, no. 9 (September 2017): 1049–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017rs006379.
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