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1

Kovetz, Attay, and Pieter B. Visscher. "Electromagnetic Theory." American Journal of Physics 69, no. 7 (July 2001): 829–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1371014.

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2

Michalski, K. A. "Electromagnetic wave theory." Proceedings of the IEEE 75, no. 6 (1987): 862–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/proc.1987.13818.

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3

Vanderlinde, Jack, and Richard Noer. "Classical Electromagnetic Theory." Physics Today 47, no. 8 (August 1994): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2808611.

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4

Vanderlinde, Jack, and Dwight E. Neuenschwander. "Classical Electromagnetic Theory." American Journal of Physics 62, no. 7 (July 1994): 669–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.17492.

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5

Elliott, R. S. "Revisiting electromagnetic theory." IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 45, no. 6 (December 2003): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/map.2003.1282179.

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6

Hena, Hasna, Jenita Jahangir, and Md Showkat Ali. "Electromagnetics in Terms of Differential Forms." Dhaka University Journal of Science 67, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v67i1.54564.

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The calculus of differential forms has been applied to electromagnetic field theory in several papers and texts, some of which are cited in the references. Differential forms are underused in applied electromagnetic research. Differential forms represent unique visual appliance with graphical apprehension of electromagnetic fields. We study the calculus of differential forms and other fundamental principle of electromagnetic field theory. We hope to show in this paper that differential forms make Maxwell’s laws and some of their basic applications more intuitive and are a natural and powerful research tool in applied electromagnetics. Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 67(1): 1-4, 2019 (January)
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7

Lazaroff-Puck, Cameron. "Empire-Laden Theory." Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 54, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 42–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2024.54.1.42.

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James Clerk Maxwell’s theories of electromagnetism are distinctively Victorian products. Analysis of his often ignored theory of electric absorption and the Maxwellians’ “leaky condenser” reveals that critical details of these theories were shaped by Victorian electrical technology, namely capacitors and undersea telegraphy. Between appearances in his “Dynamical Theory” and Treatise, Maxwell’s theory of electric absorption evolved. It shifted his understanding of electrical action in the dielectric, bolstered central concepts in his broader electromagnetic theories, provided hope for a beleaguered experimental program to confirm his electromagnetic theory of light, and even led him to distort his expression for Ohm’s law. Simultaneously, the technological influences behind his theories come with their own histories. Maxwell draws heavily upon the testimony of cable engineer Fleeming Jenkin to the Joint Committee on the Construction of Submarine Telegraphs, formed to rescue the industry after multiple failed attempts to lay an Atlantic cable. Maxwell’s reliance on this testimony given to this committee imprints the financial and imperial ambition that initially spurred these cables’ construction onto his electromagnetic theories. A substance discussed in this testimony, gutta-percha, also connects Maxwell’s theory to the extractive global trade of this resource. The success of this committee in reforming the telegraph industry links Maxwell’s theories to the colonial, economic, and ecological fallout of the rapid global expansion of Britain’s undersea telegraph network.
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8

Chanyal, B. C. "A relativistic quantum theory of dyons wave propagation." Canadian Journal of Physics 95, no. 12 (December 2017): 1200–1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2017-0080.

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Beginning with the quaternionic generalization of the quantum wave equation, we construct a simple model of relativistic quantum electrodynamics for massive dyons. A new quaternionic form of unified relativistic wave equation consisting of vector and scalar functions is obtained, and also satisfy the quaternionic momentum eigenvalue equation. Keeping in mind the importance of quantum field theory, we investigate the relativistic quantum structure of electromagnetic wave propagation of dyons. The present quantum theory of electromagnetism leads to generalized Lorentz gauge conditions for the electric and magnetic charge of dyons. We also demonstrate the universal quantum wave equations for two four-potentials as well as two four-currents of dyons. The generalized continuity equations for massive dyons in case of quantum fields are expressed. Furthermore, we concluded that the quantum generalization of electromagnetic field equations of dyons can be related to analogous London field equations (i.e., current to electromagnetic fields in and around a superconductor).
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9

Elfouhaily, T., D. R. Thompson, B. Chapron, and D. Vandemark. "Improved electromagnetic bias theory." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 105, no. C1 (January 15, 2000): 1299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999jc900277.

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10

Donaghy-Spargo, Christopher, and Alex Yakovlev. "Oliver Heaviside's electromagnetic theory." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 376, no. 2134 (October 29, 2018): 20180229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2018.0229.

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The year 2018 marks the 125th anniversary of the first of three published volumes on electromagnetic theory by the eminent Victorian electrical engineer, physicist and mathematician, Oliver Heaviside FRS. This commemorative issue of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A celebrates the publication of this work by collecting papers on a broad spectrum across the field of electromagnetic theory, including innovative research papers interspersed between historical perspectives and relevant reviews. Heaviside was a remarkable man, an original thinker with brilliant mathematical powers and physical insight who made many significant contributions in his fields of interest, though he is remembered primarily for his ‘step function’, commonly used today in many branches of physics, mathematics and engineering. Here, we celebrate the man and his work by illustrating his major contributions and highlighting his great success in solving some of the great telegraphic engineering problems of the Victorian era, in part due to his development and detailed understanding of the governing electromagnetic theory. We celebrate his Electromagnetic theory : three volumes of insights, techniques and understanding from mathematical, physical and engineering perspectives—as dictated by J. C. Maxwell FRS, but interpreted, reformulated and expanded by Heaviside to advance the art and science of electrical engineering beyond all expectations. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Celebrating 125 years of Oliver Heaviside's ‘Electromagnetic Theory’’.
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11

Lee, James D., Youping Chen, and Azim Eskandarian. "A micromorphic electromagnetic theory." International Journal of Solids and Structures 41, no. 8 (April 2004): 2099–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2003.11.031.

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12

Lekner, John. "Theory of Electromagnetic Beams." Synthesis Lectures on Engineering, Science, and Technology 2, no. 3 (April 7, 2020): 1–183. http://dx.doi.org/10.2200/s00982ed1v01y202001est003.

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13

Lehnert, B. "An Extended Electromagnetic Theory." Physica Scripta T82, no. 1 (1999): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1238/physica.topical.082a00089.

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14

Hayakawa, Masashi, Katsumi Hattori, and Yoshiaki Ando. "Natural Electromagnetic Phenomena and Electromagnetic Theory: A Review." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 124, no. 1 (2004): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.124.72.

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15

Yuan, Duan Lei, Hai Yan Wang, Zhi Hao Zhu, and Hua Jun Dong. "Design of Electromagnetic Mechanism with Finite Element Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 3226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.3226.

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A closing electromagnetic mechanism for rail transit direct-current circuit breaker is designed. But it is found that the temperature is too high when the mechanism kept closing for a long time because of the coils high power. Based on the theory of electromagnetic field and electromagnet design, the distribution of magnetic field and the electromagnetic force of electromagnetic mechanism are simulated by finite element analysis software ANSYS. An improved mechanism is manufactured according to the simulation results. The experiments show that the improved scheme can effectively reduce the electromagnetic mechanisms closing maintenance power, and the accuracy of simulation results is validated.
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16

Popov, Nikolay, and Ivan Matveev. "Six-Dimensional Manifold with Symmetric Signature in a Unified Theory of Gravity and Electromagnetism." Symmetry 14, no. 6 (June 5, 2022): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14061163.

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A six dimensional manifold of symmetric signature (3,3) is proposed as a space structure for building combined theory of gravity and electromagnetism. Special metric tensor is proposed, yielding the space which combines the properties of Riemann, Weyl and Finsler spaces. Geodesic line equations are constructed where coefficients can be divided into depending on the metric tensor (relating to the gravitational interaction) and depending on the vector field (relating to the electromagnetic interaction). If there is no gravity, the geodesics turn into the equations of charge motion in the electromagnetic field. Furthermore, symmetric six-dimensional electrodynamics can be reduced to traditional four-dimensional Maxwell system, where two additional time dimensions are compactified. A purely geometrical interpretation of the concept of electromagnetic field and point electric charge is proposed.
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17

Matthaiou, Michalis. "Beyond Massive MIMO: Living at the interface of electromagnetics and information theory." Project Repository Journal 11, no. 1 (October 29, 2021): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54050/prj1117711.

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Beyond Massive MIMO: Living at the interface of electromagnetics and information theory Information theory, proposed by Claude Shannon in 1948, has served the wireless communications community particularly well for seven decades. Looking ahead, this theoretical framework needs to be extended to account for the unique electromagnetic properties of concurrent (e.g. 5G) and future (e.g. beyond 5G, 6G) massive multiple-input multiple-output systems. This is a challenging exercise: information theory is based on probabilistic tools whilst electromagnetic theory encompasses Maxwell’s wave equations. BEATRICE aims to use these two theories in parallel to create new fundamental understanding, modulation techniques and physical prototypes. These findings will have a far-reaching impact on cellular communications, wireless power transfer, radar, and optical wireless communications.
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18

Babenko, I. A., and Yu S. Vladimirov. "RELATIONAL LOOK ON THE PRINCIPLES OF THE GEOMETRIC PARADIGM." Metafizika, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2224-7580-2020-3-69-81.

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The article compares the descriptions of gravitational and electromagnetic interactions in two physical and theoretical paradigms: geometric and relational. On the one hand, the general theory of relativity and the 5-dimensional geometric theory of Kaluza and, on the other hand, the relational theory of electro-gravity are compared. The comparison describes the parallel manifestations of all the “four miracles” of Salam in two physical and theoretical approaches. Based on the relational concepts, it is shown that three types of the considered interactions - electromagnetic, scalar and gravitational - in the theory of electrogravity have a derivative character from electromagnetism. The idea is expressed that in the twentieth century, physics could develop mainly within the framework of the relational paradigm.
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19

Baumgärtel, Christof, and Simon Maher. "Foundations of Electromagnetism: A Review of Wilhelm Weber’s Electrodynamic Force Law." Foundations 2, no. 4 (October 19, 2022): 949–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foundations2040065.

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This article reviews the electrodynamic force law of Wilhelm Weber and its importance in electromagnetic theory. An introduction is given to Weber’s force and it is shown how it has been utilised in the literature to explain electromagnetism as well as phenomena in other disciplines of physics, where the force law has connections to the nuclear force, gravity, cosmology, inertia and quantum mechanics. Further, criticism of Weber’s force is reviewed and common misconceptions addressed and rectified. It is found that, while the theory is not without criticism and has much room for improvement, within the limitations of its validity, it is equally as successful as Maxwell’s theory in predicting certain phenomena. Moreover, it is discussed how Weber offers a valid alternative explanation of electromagnetic phenomena which can enrich and complement the field perspective of electromagnetism through a particle based approach.
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20

Nevdakh, V. V. "Electromagnetic Waves in Maxwell’s Theory." Science & Technique 21, no. 3 (June 2, 2022): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2022-21-3-222-228.

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The description of a plane traveling electromagnetic wave existing in the physical literature by identical solutions of wave equations for the strengths of electric and magnetic fields is physically incorrect, since such solutions contradict the physical meaning of Maxwell’s equations and violate the energy conservation law. The paper gives a physically correct description of electromagnetic waves in the framework of Maxwell’s theory. New solutions of Maxwell’s wave equations for traveling electromagnetic wave are proposed, in which the strength of its electric and magnetic components change in time with shifts of a quarter of the period and a quarter of the wavelength along coordinate. The solutions describe a traveling electromagnetic wave, in which the energy of the electrical component is sequentially converted into the energy of the magnetic component and vice versa; the total energy density of the lossless wave remains constant in space at any time; the mutual orientation of the intensity vectors of the electric, magnetic fields and phase velocity changes from a left-handed three to a right-handed three every quarter of the wavelength; the energy flux density of the traveling wave is described by the Umov vector. It is shown that the formation of a standing electromagnetic wave does not require the loss of half a wave of one of the components of the wave reflected at the interface between the media. In a standing wave, the total energy density remains constant in time, but it is a function of coordinates: there are points in space where the total energy density of the wave at any time is zero – these are nodes, and there are points where it has a maximum value – these are antinodes. Due to the inhomogeneity of the distribution of the total energy density of the wave in space, a standing electromagnetic wave cannot be considered as a harmonic oscillator, but a lossless traveling electromagnetic wave can.
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21

Kidd, Braden. "The Relativistic Electrodynamics of Classical Charged Particles." Magnetism 2, no. 1 (March 18, 2022): 74–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetism2010006.

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Maxwell’s equations and the Lorentz force equation form the foundation of classical electromagnetic theory and their discovery led to the development of special relativity. Despite this achievement, their universal compatibility with the conservation of momentum and relativistic energy transformations is still debated. Incorporating effects of hidden momentum with the Lorentz force equation or using the Einstein–Laub formula are two common approaches to address some of these concerns. Which method to use, or if a change to classical electromagnetism is even required, remains controversial. A new theoretical approach is presented in this paper to address this using relativistic electromagnetic energy inertial frame transformations. These transformations identify a situation where an apparent violation of conservation laws could occur and how to consolidate this with electromagnetic theory. An explanation regarding the elementary nature of magnetism and the relationship between inertia and electromagnetic energy is also commented on.
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22

Yoon, P. H., L. F. Ziebell, R. Gaelzer, and J. Pavan. "Electromagnetic weak turbulence theory revisited." Physics of Plasmas 19, no. 10 (October 2012): 102303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757224.

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23

Turunen, J., and A. T. Friberg. "Electromagnetic theory of reflaxicon fields." Pure and Applied Optics: Journal of the European Optical Society Part A 2, no. 5 (September 1993): 539–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0963-9659/2/5/013.

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24

ANDERSON, N., and A. M. ARTHURS. "Conserved quantities in electromagnetic theory." International Journal of Electronics 60, no. 4 (April 1986): 527–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207218608920811.

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25

Binder, P.-M., and Juan F. Guerrero. "Theory of grazing electromagnetic induction." European Journal of Physics 37, no. 6 (October 17, 2016): 065207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0143-0807/37/6/065207.

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26

Davies, J. B. "Electromagnetic Waveguides—Theory and Applications." IEE Review 38, no. 9 (1992): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ir:19920142.

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27

Bowers, Brian. "Innovation in Maxwell's Electromagnetic Theory." IEE Review 38, no. 9 (1992): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ir:19920144.

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28

Carpenter, C. J. "Electromagnetic theory without electric flux." IEE Proceedings A Science, Measurement and Technology 139, no. 4 (1992): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-a-3.1992.0032.

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29

Ambjørn, Jan, Yuri M. Makeenko, Gordon W. Semenoff, and Richard J. Szabo. "String theory in electromagnetic fields." Journal of High Energy Physics 2003, no. 02 (February 17, 2003): 026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2003/02/026.

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30

James, J. R. "The Principles of Electromagnetic Theory." Electronics & Communications Engineering Journal 3, no. 6 (1991): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ecej:19910051.

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31

Webb, J. P. "Electromagnetic Waveguides: Theory and Applications." Electronics & Communications Engineering Journal 4, no. 6 (1992): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ecej:19920061.

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32

Pasquini, Barbara, and Marc Vanderhaeghen. "Dispersion Theory in Electromagnetic Interactions." Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 68, no. 1 (October 19, 2018): 75–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-101917-020843.

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We review various applications of dispersion relations (DRs) to the electromagnetic structure of hadrons. We discuss the way DRs allow one to extract information about hadron structure constants by connecting information from complementary scattering processes. We consider the real and virtual Compton scattering processes off the proton, and summarize recent advances in the DR analysis of experimental data to extract the proton polarizabilities, in comparison with alternative studies based on chiral effective field theories. We discuss a multipole analysis of real Compton scattering data, along with a DR fit of the energy-dependent dynamical polarizabilities. Furthermore, we review new sum rules for the double-virtual Compton scattering process off the proton, which allow for model-independent relations between polarizabilities in real and virtual Compton scattering, and moments of nucleon structure functions. Information on double-virtual Compton scattering is used to predict and constrain the polarizability corrections to muonic hydrogen spectroscopy.
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33

Castaneda, Roman. "Tensor theory of electromagnetic radiometry." Optics Communications 276, no. 1 (August 2007): 14–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2007.04.004.

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34

Tripolt, Ralf-Arno. "Electromagnetic and weak probes: theory." Nuclear Physics A 1005 (January 2021): 121755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2020.121755.

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35

Dudley, Donald. "Electromagnetic Wave Theory [Book Review]." IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Newsletter 30, no. 3 (1988): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/map.1988.6079080.

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36

Gardiol, F. "Mathematical Methods in. Electromagnetic Theory." IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 38, no. 6 (December 1996): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/map.1996.556527.

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37

Noponen, Eero, and Jari Turunen. "Electromagnetic theory of Talbot imaging." Optics Communications 98, no. 1-3 (April 1993): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(93)90772-w.

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38

Wang, Zhong-Yue. "Modern Theory for Electromagnetic Metamaterials." Plasmonics 11, no. 2 (September 22, 2015): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11468-015-0071-7.

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39

Burby, J. W., and A. J. Brizard. "Gauge-free electromagnetic gyrokinetic theory." Physics Letters A 383, no. 18 (June 2019): 2172–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2019.04.019.

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40

Waldron, R. A. "Book review: Electromagnetic Wave Theory." Journal of the Institution of Electronic and Radio Engineers 56, no. 3 (1986): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/jiere.1986.0041.

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41

Goodall, R. "The theory of electromagnetic levitation." Physics in Technology 16, no. 5 (September 1985): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4624/16/5/i02.

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42

Karlsson, P. W. "A question in electromagnetic theory." IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation 26, no. 3 (June 1991): 510–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/14.85124.

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43

Chew, W. C. "Electromagnetic theory on a lattice." Journal of Applied Physics 75, no. 10 (May 15, 1994): 4843–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355770.

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44

Eringen, A. Cemal. "Theory of electromagnetic elastic plates." International Journal of Engineering Science 27, no. 4 (January 1989): 363–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7225(89)90128-6.

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45

Bulkley, D. H. "An electromagnetic theory of life." Medical Hypotheses 30, no. 4 (December 1989): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-9877(89)90038-8.

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46

Nevière, M., and E. Popov. "Grating Electromagnetic Theory User Guide." Journal of Imaging Science and Technology 41, no. 4 (July 1, 1997): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/j.imagingsci.technol.1997.41.4.art00003.

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47

Sámano Dávila, José Gustavo. "Instrumentalism and Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory." Open Insight 11, no. 21 (April 1, 2020): 135–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.23924/oi.v11i21.366.

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James Clerk Maxwell unified the experimental laws of electricity and magnetism within a single theory which simplified the image of both kinds of phenomena. However, Maxwell himself created hypotheses that would have hardly accepted by his contemporary people. With instrumentalist and pragmatics arguments, Maxwell delivered his theories by years. Despite the purely instrumental origin of his theories, it would be almost impos- sible now not to accept that the electromagnetic theory is a real description of the electric and magnetic phenomena, which makes this an interesting example of the scientific realism controversy.
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48

Eringen, A. Cemal. "Micromorphic Electromagnetic Theory and Waves." Foundations of Physics 36, no. 6 (April 1, 2006): 902–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10701-006-9044-1.

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49

Lazar, Markus, and Jakob Leck. "Second Gradient Electromagnetostatics: Electric Point Charge, Electrostatic and Magnetostatic Dipoles." Symmetry 12, no. 7 (July 2, 2020): 1104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12071104.

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In this paper, we study the theory of second gradient electromagnetostatics as the static version of second gradient electrodynamics. The theory of second gradient electrodynamics is a linear generalization of higher order of classical Maxwell electrodynamics whose Lagrangian is both Lorentz and U ( 1 ) -gauge invariant. Second gradient electromagnetostatics is a gradient field theory with up to second-order derivatives of the electromagnetic field strengths in the Lagrangian. Moreover, it possesses a weak nonlocality in space and gives a regularization based on higher-order partial differential equations. From the group theoretical point of view, in second gradient electromagnetostatics the (isotropic) constitutive relations involve an invariant scalar differential operator of fourth order in addition to scalar constitutive parameters. We investigate the classical static problems of an electric point charge, and electric and magnetic dipoles in the framework of second gradient electromagnetostatics, and we show that all the electromagnetic fields (potential, field strength, interaction energy, interaction force) are singularity-free, unlike the corresponding solutions in the classical Maxwell electromagnetism and in the Bopp–Podolsky theory. The theory of second gradient electromagnetostatics delivers a singularity-free electromagnetic field theory with weak spatial nonlocality.
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50

Kawaguchi, Hideo, and Gen Tatara. "Coupling Theory of Emergent Spin Electromagnetic Field and Electromagnetic Field." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 83, no. 7 (July 15, 2014): 074710. http://dx.doi.org/10.7566/jpsj.83.074710.

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