Dissertations / Theses: 'Electromechanical actuation'

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Wroble, Daniel G. "Force Fight Study in a Dual Electromechanical Actuator Configuration." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1512641850024148.

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Seemann, Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Conceptual Design of a Fault-Tolerant Electromechanical System for Helicopter Swashplate Actuation / Sebastian Seemann." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1135596506/34.

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Lin, Ching-Yu 1972. "Material characterization and modeling for piezoelectric actuation and power generation under high electromechanical driving levels." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8100.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2002. Includes bibliographical references (p. 257-262). High electromechanical loads parallel to piezoelectric polarization might result in depolarization of the material, depending on the material property itself and the external excitations such as electrical field, electrical driving frequency, stress and stress duration. In this work, material properties under these effects were first characterized experimentally. The experiments included monitoring general piezoelectric responses of PZT-5H and PZT-5A subjected to large electric excitations (butterfly curves) under various static compressions and measuring generalized piezoelectric constants under short and open circuit conditions for actuation of PZT-5A and power generation of PZT-5H, single crystals PZN-PT, and single crystals PMN-PT. To model these observed material behaviors, one- and three-dimensional rate dependent nonlinear constitutive models based on thermodynamic potentials for PZT-5H and PZT-5A piezoelectric materials were then developed. An internal variable, net remnant polarization D*, was used to simulate the hysteric behaviors of piezoelectric materials. An evolution law of D* was derived to specify the rate dependent responses of the materials. The parameters of the material models were determined by minimizing the error between the data and the models. The material models were capable of describing the responses subjected to large electric excitations under static compression, but incapable of predicting accurate piezoelectric constants under dynamic compression. This flaw was believed due to the absence of stress rate dependency in the models. It was also found that the PZT-5A model performed worse than the PZT-5H model because of its highly hysteretic strain-polarization relation. (cont.) This hysteresis could be explained by the slow switching rate of 90-degree domain movement. Finally, to simulate devices under non-uniform field or with irregular geometries using these material models, differential algebraic equations for mixed finite element analysis of 3-D nonlinear rate dependent piezoelectric materials were formulated and solved numerically by DASPK solver. Using 4-node tetrahedral elements, this formulation was demonstrated by examples with uniform and skewed electric excitations. The combination of the nonlinear mixed FEM model and the material model provided a useful tool for modeling the response of active devices with complicated geometries and irregular boundary conditions. by Ching-Yu Lin. Ph.D.

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Bindl, Jared C. "Multi-pole permanent magnet motor design and control for high performance electromechanical actuation in all electric aircraft." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1359.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information. Bachelors Engineering and Computer Science Electrical Engineering

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Arriola, Gutierrez David Antonio [Verfasser]. "Model-based Design and Fault-tolerant Control of an Actively Redundant Electromechanical Flight Control Actuation System / David Antonio Arriola Gutierrez." Düren : Shaker, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1198601094/34.

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Woodburn, David. "Modeling and Simulation of All-electric Aircraft Power Generation and Actuation." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6037.

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Modern aircraft, military and commercial, rely extensively on hydraulic systems. However, there is great interest in the avionics community to replace hydraulic systems with electric systems. There are physical challenges to replacing hydraulic actuators with electromechanical actuators (EMAs), especially for flight control surface actuation. These include dynamic heat generation and power management. Simulation is seen as a powerful tool in making the transition to all-electric aircraft by predicting the dynamic heat generated and the power flow in the EMA. Chapter 2 of this dissertation describes the nonlinear, lumped-element, integrated modeling of a permanent magnet (PM) motor used in an EMA. This model is capable of representing transient dynamics of an EMA, mechanically, electrically, and thermally. Inductance is a primary parameter that links the electrical and mechanical domains and, therefore, is of critical importance to the modeling of the whole EMA. In the dynamic mode of operation of an EMA, the inductances are quite nonlinear. Chapter 3 details the careful analysis of the inductances from finite element software and the mathematical modeling of these inductances for use in the overall EMA model. Chapter 4 covers the design and verification of a nonlinear, transient simulation model of a two-step synchronous generator with three-phase rectifiers. Simulation results are shown. Ph.D. Doctorate Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Engineering and Computer Science Electrical Engineering

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Råberg, Ingela. "Efficiency verification of an electromechanical linear actuator." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-303147.

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Cascade Drives has developed an electromechanical linear actuator with a patented feature which allows for load sharing between multiple pinions interacting on the same rack. This arrangement has proven resilient for shock loads, and allows for compact gearbox designs with very high load rating. For the further development of the actuators, access to proper simulation models for various gearbox behaviours is important. One such behaviour is that of the gearbox efficiency. In 2020, a Simulink model for predicting the gearbox efficiency was produced. The aim of this thesis has been to verify the 2020-model using Romax, and also to continue the development of the Simulink model so that it can also handle gearbox acceleration and backdrive. The results from the Romax modelling were while not identical to the 2020 Simulink model results, close enough that the Simulink model could be considered verified through that method. The results from the new dynamic Simulink model were in the same order of magnitude as those of the other two models. To achieve an absolute accuracy for the models, efficiency testing on physical actuators should be executed. Cascade Drives utvecklar en ny typ av elektromekaniska linjära ställdon. Ställdonen är elektromekaniska och följer konceptet med en kuggstång och pinjonger som drivs av en elektrisk motor. I själva växellådan finns patenterad teknik som tillåter att lasten från kuggstången fördelas jämnt mellan flera pinjonger utan att systemet överbestäms. Detta möjliggör kompakta växellådor till ställdonen som kan ta höga laster och dessutom fungerar utmärkt för chocklaster. I och med att det är helt ny teknik erfordras beräkningsmodeller så att växellådans beteende kan förutspås redan innan prototyper tillverkas. En beräkningsmodell för ställdonets statiska verkningsgrad utvecklades 2020 i Simulink. Detta arbete syftar till att genom Romax verifiera funktionaliteten av modellen från 2020. Dessutom utvecklades modellen vidare för att hantera de dynamiska lastfallen när ställdonet accelererar och drivs från last. Modelleringen Resultaten från modelleringen i Romax och de från den statiska Simulinkmodellen från 2020 var snarlika med en skillnad på ungefär ± 1 %. Graferna över växellådans verkningsgradsbeteende över varierande last och hastighet skiljde sig tillräckligt lite för att bedömningen skulle vara att den statiska modellen kan betraktas som verifierad av Romax. Även den nya dynamiska Simulinkmodellen genererade resultat som liknade de från de statiska Simulinkoch Romax modellerna. För att få en absolut precision på samtliga beräkningsmodeller rekommenderas att genomföra verkningsgradstester på fysiska prototyper för framtiden.

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Scott, Eric Landon. "Criteria based actuator control /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Rutledge, Matthew S. "Aircraft Gearbox Dynamics Subject to Electromechanical Actuator Regenerative Energy Flow." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1292358176.

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Montazami, Reza. "Smart Polymer Electromechanical Actuators for Soft Microrobotic Applications." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28084.

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Ionic electroactive polymer (IEAP) actuators are a class of electroactive polymer devices that exhibit electromechanical coupling through ion transport in the device. They consist of an ionomeric membrane coated with conductive network composites (CNCs) and conductive electrodes on both sides. A series of experiments on IEAP actuators with various types of CNCs has demonstrated the existence of a direct correlation between the performance of actuators and physical and structural properties of the CNCs. Nanostructure of CNC is especially important in hosting electrolyte and boosting ion mobility. This dissertation presents a series of systematic experiments and studies on IEAP actuators with two primary focuses: 1) CNC nanostructure, and 2) ionic interactions. A novel approach for fabrication of CNC thin-films enabled us to control physical and structural properties of the CNC thin-films. We, for the first time, facilitated use of layer-by-layer ionic self-assembly technique in fabrication of porous and conductive CNCs based on polymer and metal nanoparticles. Results were porous-conductive CNCs. We have studied the performance dependence of IEAP actuators on nano-composition and structure of CNCs by systematically varying the thickness, nanoparticle size and nanoparticle concentration of CNCs. We have also studied influence of the waveform frequency, free-ions and counterions of the ionomeric membrane on the performance and behavior of IEAP actuators. Using the LbL technique, we systematically changed the thickness of CNC layers consisting of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride). It was observed that actuators consisting of thicker CNCs exhibit larger actuation curvature, which is evidently due to uptake of larger volume of electrolyte. Actuation response-time exhibited a direct correlation to the sheet-resistance of CNC, which was controlled by varying the AuNP concentration. It was observed that size and type of free-ions and counterion of ionomeric membrane are also influential on the actuation behavior or IEAP actuators and that the counterion of ionomeric membrane participates in the actuation process. Ph. D.

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Lim, Jung Youl. "A distributed multi-level current modeling method for design analysis and optimization of permanent magnet electromechanical actuators." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53990.

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This thesis has been motivated by the growing needs for multi-degree of freedom (M-DOF) electromagnetic actuators capable of smooth and accurate multi-dimensional driving motions. Because high coercive rare-earth permanent-magnets (PMs) are widely available at low cost, their uses for developing compact, energy-efficient M-DOF actuators have been widely researched. To facilitate design analysis and optimization, this thesis research seeks to develop a general method based on distributed source models to characterize M-DOF PM-based actuators and optimize their designs to achieve high torque-to-weight performance with compact structures To achieve the above stated objective, a new method that is referred to here as distributed multi-level current (DMC) utilizes geometrically defined point sources has been developed to model electromagnetic components and phenomena, which include PMs, electromagnets (EMs), iron paths and induced eddy current. Unlike existing numerical methods (such as FEM, FDM, or MLM) which solve for the magnetic fields from Maxwell’s equations and boundary conditions, the DMC-based method develops closed-form solutions to the magnetic field and force problems on the basis of electromagnetic point currents in a multi-level structure while allowing trade-off between computational speed and accuracy. Since the multi-level currents can be directly defined at the geometrically decomposed volumes and surfaces of the components (such as electric conductors and magnetic materials) that make up of the electromagnetic system, the DMC model has been effectively incorporated in topology optimization to maximize the torque-to-weight ratio of an electromechanical actuator. To demonstrate the above advantages, the DMC optimization has been employed to optimize the several designs ranging from conventional single-axis actuators, 2-DOF linear-rotary motors to 3-DOF spherical motors. The DMC modeling method has been experimentally validated and compared against published data. While the DMC model offers an efficient means for the design analysis and optimization of electromechanical systems with improved computational accuracy and speed, it can be extended to a broad spectrum of emerging and creative applications involving electromagnetic systems.

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Pettersson, Alexander, and Patrik Storm. "Modeling and Control of Electromechanical Actuators for Heavy Vehicle Applications." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fordonssystem, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-78431.

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The possibility to develop control systems for electromechanical actuators at Scania is studied, in particular the focus is on how to exchange the intelligent actuators used today with dumb ones. An intelligent actuator contains its own control electronics and computational power, bought as a unit from suppliers by Scania and controlled via the CAN bus. A dumb actuator contains no means of controlling itself and its I/O is the motor’s power pins. Intelligent actuators tend to have limited control performance, time delays and poor diagnose systems, along with durability issues. A dumb actuator could have the benefit of avoiding these disadvantages if the system is designed within the company. A literature study concerning the different types of electrical motors available and their control methods is performed, the most suitable for use in a heavy vehicle is deemed the brushless DC motor, BLDC. An intelligent throttle is chosen for a case study and has its control electronics stripped and replaced with new sensor- and control cards. The case study is used to investigate the possibilities and difficulties of this design process. A simulation model is developed for the electronics, motor and the attached mechanical system. With the aid of this model a controller architecture is designed, consisting of PI controllers with feed-forward and torque compensation for nonlinearities. The developed controller architecture is tested and in theory it can compete with the intelligent throttle’s performance. The model is also adapted to allow for code generation. The simulation model is used to study some common electrical faults that can effect the system and the possibilities for diagnosis and fault-remedial actions. The hardware prototype system shows that a current controller is necessary in the control architecture to achieve decent performance and the prototype is developed in such a way as to make future studies possible. The conclusion of the thesis is that Scania would be able to design control systems for dumb actuators, at least from a technical perspective. However more studies, from an economical point of view, will be necessary.

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Caulfield, F. Donald. "Electromechanical Actuator Development for Integrated Chatter Prediction on High Speed Machining Centers." NCSU, 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04222002-234733/.

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Machine tool chatter imposes limitations on the productivity and quality of modern high speed machining (HSM) operations. It has been shown that chatter prediction and avoidance strategies can lead to increased machining productivity if certain modal characteristics of the machine are known. The objectives of this research are to design and demonstrate an electromechanical actuator (EMA) to easily and accurately identify these characteristics. Design specifications for this actuator reflect a wide range of machine tools and operating conditions. A simulation-based design strategy is employed, based on traditional electromechanical analysis, finite element analysis (FEA), and computer simulations to ensure performance meets the design specifications. A prototype EMA system is built to validate the analytical results and demonstrate its capabilities as part of an automated chatter prediction and avoidance system. The EMA is shown to generate the required modal characteristics, namely frequency response functions (FRFs) and stability lobe diagrams (SLDs) quickly, accurately, and with fewer technical skill requirements than other vibration testing methods. Experimental machining tests demonstrate that the EMA can be an effective component of an integrated chatter prediction and avoidance system.

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Du, Xinli. "High redundancy actuator." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12232.

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High Redundancy Actuation (HRA) is a novel type of fault tolerant actuator. By comprising a relatively large number of actuation elements, faults in the elements can be inherently accommodated without resulting in a failure of the complete actuation system. By removing the possibility of faults detection and reconfiguration, HRA can provide high reliability and availability. The idea is motivated by the composition of human musculature. Our musculature can sustain damage and still function, sometimes with reduced performance, and even complete loss of a muscle group can be accommodated through kinematics redundancy, e.g. the use of just one leg. Electro-mechanical actuation is used as single element inside HRA. This thesis is started with modelling and simulation of individual actuation element and two basic structures to connect elements, in series and in parallel. A relatively simple HRA is then modelled which engages a two-by-two series-in-parallel configuration. Based on this HRA, position feedback controllers are designed using both classical and optimal algorithms under two control structures. All controllers are tested under both healthy and faults injected situations. Finally, a hardware demonstrator is set up based simulation studies. The demonstrator is controlled in real time using an xPC Target system. Experimental results show that the HRA can continuously work when one element fails, although performance degradation can be expected.

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Hu, Gongfan. "Computer aided analysis and design of a single phase induction actuator." Thesis, University of Dundee, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334764.

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Sawant, Ronit Prasad. "COMSOL Multi-physics model for Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMD’s)-Nafion composite Based Electromechanical Actuators." Digital WPI, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1261.

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The ability to convert electrical energy into mechanical motion is of significant interest in many energy conversion technologies. For more than a decade Ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) as an electroactive smart polymer material has been extensively studied and has shown great potential as soft robotic actuators, artificial muscles and dynamic sensors in the micro-to-macro size range. IPMC consists of an ion exchange polymer membrane sandwiched between two noble metal electrodes on either side of the membrane. Under applied potential, the IPMC actuator results in bending deformation because of ion migration and redistribution across its surface due to the imposed voltage. Nafion are highly porous polymer materials which have been extensively studied as the ion exchange membrane in IPMC. Nafion has also been mixed with carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metallic nanoparticles to improve actuation and bending characteristics of electro-mechanical actuators. For the first time, liquid phase exfoliated Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs)-Nafion nanocomposite based electro-mechanical actuators has been studied and demonstrate the improvement in the electromechanical actuation performance. In this thesis, we create a 2D model of the TMD-Nafion based electromechanical actuator in COMSOL Multi-physics software. The behavior of the model is examined at different electric potentials, frequencies, and actuation lengths. The simulation results were compared with the experimental data for validation of the model. The data showed improvement in the actuation for TMD-Nafion actuator when compared with pure Nafion actuator. The improvement in the actuation was due to the increase in diffusivity of the TMD-Nafion actuator in comparison with pure Nafion actuator. This increase in the diffusivity as seen in the model is because of the new proton conducting pathways being established with the addition of TMDs. The model also shows an increase in the stress and strain values with the incorporation of TMDs. With the same length of the actuator we were able to obtain more stress and strain with the addition of TMDs. This helps in improving the performance of the actuator as it would be able to handle more stress cycles which also increases the life of the actuator.

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Tanguy, Quentin. "Design and fabrication of a MEMS scanner for OCT imaging endo-microscopic probe." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://indexation.univ-fcomte.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/8d6ab7ed-eac5-4e11-997b-f9e9af4e8808.

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Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse reposent d'une part sur le design et la modélisation electro-thermo-mécanique d'un micro scanner optique et d'autre part sur sa fabrication, et sa caractérisation ainsi qu'un début d'intégration à un micro interféromètre de Mirau pour le développement d'une sonde endoscopique conçue pour la détection des cancers gastrointestinaux dans leur phase initiale par une technique d'imagerie appelée Tomography de Cohérence Optique (OCT). Le coeur de la contribution de cette thèse porte sur le développement et la fabrication de micro actionneurs commandés thermiquement pour l'orientation controlée d'un micro miroir conçu à cet effet. Différentes architectures de micro scanners sont proposées afin de répondre au mieux aux problématiques imposées par les exigences en matière de qualité d'imagerie optique et de compatibilité avec les normes dans le cadre de l'utilisation médical emph{in vivo} du dispositif final. Ces travaux s'inscrivent dans le projet DEMO4 financé par le LabEx Action en coopération entre les départements MN2S et AS2M de l'institut de recherche Français Femto-ST ainsi que de l'université de Floride aux États-Unis afin de délivrer un premier démonstrateur de sonde endoscopique OCT.Plusieurs séries de fabrication ont été mises en oeuvre grâce à des techniques de microfabrication de semiconducteurs dévelopés en échange entre l'université de Floride et Femto-ST avant d'être assemblées (à défaut d'intégration monolithique) par procédés robotisés à un micro-interféromètre dévelopé à Femto-ST.Finalement, un montage expérimental pour la caractérisation du micromiroir est également proposé pour permettre l'évaluation des performances atteintes et afin d'amorcer les premiers test d'imagerie optiques du micro système The work presented in this manuscript consists in the conception of an electro-thermo-mechanical optical micro-scanner. In a first time, a design and a model are proposed and the micro-device was fabricated, characterized and a draft of integration onto a Mirau micro-interferometer was carried out in order to build an endoscopic probe for the detection of early stage gastrointestinal cancers using an imaging technique called Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). The very contribution of the thesis is the development and the fabrication of micro actuators driven electrothermally to control the angular position a micro mirror plate conceived in this purpose. Different architectures of micro-scanners are proposed to best comply with the specifications determined by both the optical expectations and the medical standards requirements of the final apparatus emph{in vivo}.This work, part of a project called textquote{DEMO4} was financed by the French LabEx Action funding source in cooperation between the departments AS2M and MN2S of the French research institute Femto-ST as well as the university of Florida in the USA to deliver a first demonstrator of endoscopic OCT probe.Several batches of fabrication were realized my means of techniques of ac{CMOS}-based microfabrication in exchange between Femto-ST and the university of Florida before being assembled (for lack of monolithic integration capability) onto a micro-interferometer using automated processes specifically developed in this purpose.Finally, an experimental setup is proposed to characterize in order to evaluate the performances achieved and initiate the first tests of optical imaging using the micro-system

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Phillips, Paul. "Health monitoring of electrical actuators for landing gears." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/health-monitoring-of-electrical-actuators-for-landing-gears(ae78f7ca-32fe-44fa-aea2-c742abf8e796).html.

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There are numerous benefits associated with replacing hydraulic actuators with electrical counterparts as part of an all electric landing gear including reduced consumption of non-propulsive engine power, reduced weight, reduced cost and the elimination of hydraulic systems. The development of health monitoring systems to support the introduction of electrical actuation systems into landing gears will aid in guaranteeing reliability and to optimise landing gear maintenance activities. One of the difficulties with designing health monitoring for industrial integration involves the large number of subject areas involved, ranging from architectural design, software and signal processing design, hardware selection and business modelling. The reason that many health monitoring systems never reach full development maturity is that there is a failure in realising a holistic design process. The purpose of this thesis and the overall contribution which has been made is to bring together a combined understanding of landing gear design, health monitoring and the business environment for aircraft maintenance in order for a holistic design process for landing gear health monitoring to be realised.

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Qiu, Yihui Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Advanced modeling ,control, and design of an electromechanical engine value drive system with a limited-angle actuator." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46792.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2009. This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections. Includes bibliographical references (p. 241-242). This thesis addresses a specific variable valve actuation (VVA) system ---- an electromechanical valvetrain ---- in order to provide variable valve timing (VVT) in internal combustion (IC) engines. This electromechanical valve drive (EMV) system was proposed by Dr. Woo Sok Chang and his colleagues in the Laboratory for Electromagnetic and Electronic Systems (LEES), who also validated the feasibility of the design to provide VVT. The goal of this thesis is to bring the MIT EMV system to a more practical level by achieving a smaller package (to fit in the limited space over the engine head), a faster transition time (to accommodate faster engine speed), and a lower power consumption, while still offering satisfactory valve transitions with timing control. This thesis reports four major achievements. First, a more accurate system model, including dynamics, loss flow and distributions, and nonlinear friction, has been established for better guidance in system control and design via numerical simulations. Second, different control strategies and cam designs have been explored in order to determine the most appropriate control strategy and cam design to achieve a lower torque requirement, reduced power consumption and a faster transition time. Third, a limited-angle actuator was custom designed and built for the valve actuation application in order to reduce the actuator size while maintaining the necessary torque and power output. Fourth, with the limited-angle actuator in place, the EMV system was evaluated experimentally for intake valve actuation and numerically for exhaust valve actuation with gas force disturbance taken into consideration. Based on this system evaluation, we are able to project the system's applicability to a real 4-cylinder 16-valve engine with independent valve control for each intake and exhaust valve. (cont.) At the end of the thesis, the power consumption has been reduced from 140 W to 50 W (about 64%), the transition time has been reduced from 3.3 ms to 2.7 ms, and the final actuator volume has been reduced to 1/7 of that of the original motor. These significant improvements enabled the projection of independent valve actuation for a 4-cylinder 16-valve IC engine with reasonable power consumption and high engine speed. by Yihui Qiu. Ph.D.

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BELMONTE, DARIO. "MODEL BASED CORRELATION METHODS FOR FAULTS DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION ALGORITHMS ON ELECTROMECHANICAL ACTUATORS USED IN PRIMARY FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEMSMODEL BASED CORRELATION METHODS FOR FAULTS DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION ALGORITHMS ON ELECTROMECHANICAL ACTUATORS USED IN PRIMARY FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEMS." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2746072.

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Mami, Delphine. "Définition, conception et expérimentation de structures d’actionneurs électromécaniques innovants incluant par conception des fonctionnalités de sûreté et de sécurité de fonctionnement." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0118/document.

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Avec l’avènement des nouvelles générations d’avions civils et militaires, la démarche d’électrification des fonctions de commande de vol est aujourd’hui pleinement engagée, depuis les interfaces homme-machine jusqu’aux actionneurs de puissance. En vue de s’affranchir définitivement des inconvénients propres à l’utilisation de l’énergie hydraulique, l’utilisation d’actionneurs purement électromécaniques (EMA) constitue en toute logique une étape clef des évolutions technologiques à venir. Ce projet de recherche a pour objectif de développer l'une des briques technologiques majeures du système d’actionnement - le moteur électrique - pour pouvoir effectuer demain le saut technologique vers l'avion plus électrique, qui est l'électrification complète des systèmes d'actionnement des commandes de vol. Une première partie permet de se familiariser avec le domaine des actionneurs électromécaniques destinés aux applications aéronautiques et plus particulièrement aux commandes de vols. Après avoir rappelé le rôle et les évolutions qu’ont connues les commandes de vol durant la dernière décennie, les technologies hydrauliques et électriques usuelles sont présentées. L’environnement sévère associé au domaine aéronautique implique des contraintes de sûreté de fonctionnement qui sont alors définies plus précisément au niveau des systèmes électromécaniques. Une analyse des défauts électriques susceptibles de se produire au sein des actionneurs électromagnétiques est dans un dernier temps effectuée. Une seconde partie se focalise sur la définition de critères de dimensionnement des actionneurs électromagnétiques qui lui permettent de supporter les défauts électriques précédemment mis en avant. Profitant de l’émergence de matériaux magnétiques composites qui facilitent la définition de pièces magnétiques compressées à structure géométrique complexe, un concept d’actionneur à aimants permanents et stator modulaire est défini et baptisé Aximag. Une troisième partie se concentre sur la réalisation d’un démonstrateur qui réponde à un cahier des charges du type commande de vol. Une étude analytique est réalisée dans le but d’observer les axes de dimensionnement et les possibilités de la machine Aximag. Enfin dans une quatrième et dernière partie sont présentés et analysés les simulations numériques ainsi que les essais de caractérisation des démonstrateurs. Au travers du couple statique, du couple dynamique et aussi de paramètres électriques comme les inductances propres et mutuelles, les démonstrateurs sont étudiés. Une analyse critique de la technologie proposée ainsi que les perspectives d’évolution viennent alors conclure l’ensemble des travaux réalisés With the rise up of new civil and military aircraft generations, an electrification process concerning the flight control systems, from the human machine interface to the actuation power, has been engaged. In order to finally suppress faults linked to the hydraulic power use, the development of full electromechanical actuators (EMA) is a critical step concerning next technological evolutions. The purpose of this research project is the development of a major technological element of actuation systems, the electrical motor, in order to enable tomorrow, the technological gap leading to a more electrical aircraft, that is to say the complete electrification of flight control actuation systems. A first part presents generals concerning the electromechanical actuators dedicated to aircraft applications and especially to flying control systems. Once the aim and evolutions that flight control systems have known during the last decade has been reminded, the hydraulic and electric technologies are presented. The drastic environment combined to aircraft field leads to safety and security requirements that are more precisely defined around electromechanical systems. A last step analises electrical faults that can occur within electromagnetic actuators. A second part focuses on the definition of sizing criteria that will enable the actuator to support the previous electrical faults pointed out. With the mergence of magnetic composite materials that make easier the definition of sintered magnetic pieces with complex geometry, a permanent magnet actuator with modular stator has been defined and named Aximag. A third part deals with the realisation of demonstrators that answer specifications associated to a flight control actuation systems. The different parts of the fabrication process are presented. An analytical study is leaded in order to point out the axes for the design and the possibilities of the machine Aximag. Finally, in a fourth and last part numerical analysis and characterisation tests of demonstrators are presented and analysed. Through the static torque, the dynamic torque and electrical parameters like self inductance and mutual inductance, demonstrators are studied. A critical analysis of the proposed technology and the perspectives come to conclude this work

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28

Kanda, Masae. "High strain electrostrictive polymers : elaboration methods and modelization." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAL0067/document.

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La thèse porte de manière générale sur les polymères électrostrictifs qui peuvent être utilisés soit comme actionneurs électromécaniques souples, soit comme capteurs ou récupérateurs d’énergie. Le premier chapitre est une introduction générale aux systèmes couplés électromécaniques. Le choix des matériaux est exposé et porte sur les élastomères diélectriques et les polyuréthanes (PU) chargés par des nanoparticules conductrices de noir de carbone (CB). Le second chapitre porte sur la réalisation des films. Des particules de CB sous forme de micelles préformées et une technique « solution-cast » sont employées dans cette optique. Ce procédé permet une bonne dispersion des charges. Une amélioration de la déformation d’un facteur 1,6 est obtenue par introduction de particules de CB à 0.89 vol%. Le troisième chapitre présente la modélisation de phénomènes comme la saturation de la polarisation qui implique directement une saturation de la déformation. En modélisant la polarisation comme une fonction non-linéaire dépendant de deux variables (la permittivité bas niveau et un champ de saturation), on décrit ainsi correctement plusieurs phénomènes qui ne peuvent être interprétés par une approche linéaire et homogène. Les simulations effectuées montrent une bonne corrélation avec les expérimentations menées. Le quatrième chapitre propose une comparaison entre les films PU purs et chargés. Cette analyse porte non seulement sur des mesures mécaniques et électriques mais également en XRD ou en DSC afin de détecter le niveau de cristallisation. Une dispersion importante a ainsi été observée visuellement. Des déformations de l’ordre de 50 % ont ainsi été obtenues. Le cinquième chapitre porte sur l’effet lié à l’injection de charges électriques par bombardement électronique (HEBI), sur la déformation électrostrictive. Une telle approche permet ainsi un gain d’un facteur de l’ordre de 2 sur la déformation et semble réduire les pertes de façon très conséquente In a general manner, the present thesis focuses on electrostrictive polymers which can be used either as flexible electromechanical actuators or as sensors or energy harvesters. Chapter 1 is a general introduction to electro-mechanical coupled systems. The choice of the materials is described and focuses on dielectric elastomers, polyurethane (PU) with conductive carbon black (CB) nano-particle fillers. Chapter 2 focuses on the film synthesis. CB nano-particles in the form of micelles and solution cast method were employed to provide good filler dispersion. The strain enhancement of a factor of 1.6 was obtained by 0.89 vol% CB doping. Chapter 3 exposes the modeling of electrostrictive actuation and in particular the saturation of the polarization. By modeling the polarization as a nonlinear function depending on two variables (low-level permittivity and saturation field), it is therefore possible to describe several phenomena that cannot be explained by a classical linear and homogeneous approach. Simulations performed using such an approach show a good agreement with experimental results. Chapter 4 presents the comparison between pure PU and composite films. It includes mechanical/electrical characterization as well as XRD or DSC measurements to detect the crystallization level. High dispersion level was visually confirmed. Strains of the order of 50 % were reached. Chapter 5 deals with the effect of electric charge injection by homogeneous electron beam irradiation (HEBI) on the electrostrictive strain. This technique therefore permits a gain of 2 on the obtained strain and seems to significantly reduce the losses in the material as well

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Sienkiewicz, Lukasz Krzysztof. "Concept, implementation and analysis of the piezoelectric resonant sensor / Actuator for measuring the aging process of human skin." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INPT0047/document.

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L’objectif de cet projet est la conception, réalisation et caractérisation d’un actionneur / capteur piézoélectrique piézorésonant destiné à la mesure du vieillissement de la peau humaine. L’étude présentée est le fruit d’une collaboration entre le groupe de recherche de l'Electrodynamique du INP-ENSEEIHT (Toulouse), LAPLACE Laboratoire de Recherche et l'École Polytechnique de Gdask, Département Génie Electrique et Automatique. Un concept d’actionneur / capteur pour la caractérisation des propriétés mécaniques des tissus mous a été présenté. Un actionneur piézoélectrique résonant, appelé "unimorphe" a été choisi parmi les différentes structures piézoélectriques fondées sur le cahier des charges. L'innovation du projet réside dans l'intégration de la méthode d'indentation dynamique en utilisant un unimorphe comme dispositif d'indentation. Ceci permet l'utilisation d'un certain nombre de propriétés électromécaniques favorables des transducteurs piézo-électriques. Ce mémoire est divisé en 7 chapitres. Le chapitre 1 présente la thèse et ses objectifs. Le chapitre 2 présente le phénomène piézoélectrique et les applications piézoélectriques dans les domaines de la médecine et de la bio ingénierie. Le chapitre 3 décrit le cahier des charges pour le transducteur développé. Le choix du transducteur unimorphe est ainsi justifié. Le chapitre 4 présente une description analytique du transducteur unimorphe, y compris les calculs de déformations statiques, la description du circuit équivalent de Mason, et la description des conditions de contact entre la sonde d'indentation et les matériaux testés. Le chapitre 5 contient l'analyse numérique du transducteur unimorphe en utilisant le modèle virtuel MEF. Les résultats de simulations statiques et modales sont décrits par deux géométries considérées du transducteur. Le chapitre 6 décrit le processus de vérification expérimentale des modèles analytiques et numériques développés pour le transducteur unimorphe. Enfin, le dernier chapitre comprend des conclusions générales concernant les résultats de recherche obtenus, ainsi que les travaux futurs possibles. Afin de vérifier la thèse d'un cycle complet de recherche a été effectuée, qui a couvert: étude analytique, l'analyse numérique (simulations MEF), réalisation de prototype, et la vérification expérimentale des actionneurs / capteurs piézoélectriques considérés The main goal of the dissertation was following: preparation of a new concept, implementation and analysis of the piezoelectric resonant sensor/actuator for measuring the aging process of human skin. The research work has been carried out in the framework of cooperation between the INP-ENSEEIHT-LAPLACE, Toulouse, France, and at the Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical and Control Engineering, Research Group of Power Electronics and Electrical Machines, Gdask, Poland. A concept of transducer for the characterization of mechanical properties of soft tissues was presented. The piezoelectric resonant, bending transducer, referred to as “unimorph transducer” was chosen from different topologies of piezoelectric benders based on the fulfillment of the stated requirements. The innovation of the project lies in the integration of the dynamic indentation method by using a unimorph as an indentation device. This allows the use of a number of attractive electromechanical properties of piezoelectric transducers. The thesis is divided into seven chapters. Chapter 1 states the thesis and goals of the dissertation. Chapter 2 presents piezoelectric phenomenon and piezoelectric applications in the fields of medicine and bioengineering. Chapter 3 describes the requirements for the developed transducer. The choice of unimorph transducer is justified. Chapter 4 presents an analytical description of the unimorph transducer, including the calculations of static deformations, equivalent circuit description, and description of the contact conditions between the transducer and the tested materials. Chapter 5 contains the numerical analysis of the unimorph transducer using FEM virtual model. Results of static and modal simulations are described for two considered geometries of the transducer. Chapter 6 describes the experimental verification process of analytic and numerical models developed for unimorph transducer. The final chapter includes general conclusions concerning obtained research results and achievements, as well as possible future works. In order to verify the proposition of the thesis a full research cycle was carried out, that covered: analytical study, numerical analysis (FEM simulations), prototype realization, and experimental verification of the considered (developed) piezoelectric sensor/actuator structures

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30

BERTOLINO, ANTONIO CARLO. "High Fidelity Model of Ball Screws to Support Model-based Health Monitoring." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2846615.

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31

Gibbs, John H. "Actuated Continuously Variable Transmission for Small Vehicles." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1238819759.

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32

Kanda, Masae. "High strain electrostrictive polymers : Elaboration methods and modelization." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAL0067.

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La thèse porte de manière générale sur les polymères électrostrictifs qui peuvent être utilisés soit comme actionneurs électromécaniques souples, soit comme capteurs ou récupérateurs d’énergie. Le premier chapitre est une introduction générale aux systèmes couplés électromécaniques. Le choix des matériaux est exposé et porte sur les élastomères diélectriques et les polyuréthanes (PU) chargés par des nanoparticules conductrices de noir de carbone (CB). Le second chapitre porte sur la réalisation des films. Des particules de CB sous forme de micelles préformées et une technique « solution-cast » sont employées dans cette optique. Ce procédé permet une bonne dispersion des charges. Une amélioration de la déformation d’un facteur 1,6 est obtenue par introduction de particules de CB à 0.89 vol%. Le troisième chapitre présente la modélisation de phénomènes comme la saturation de la polarisation qui implique directement une saturation de la déformation. En modélisant la polarisation comme une fonction non-linéaire dépendant de deux variables (la permittivité bas niveau et un champ de saturation), on décrit ainsi correctement plusieurs phénomènes qui ne peuvent être interprétés par une approche linéaire et homogène. Les simulations effectuées montrent une bonne corrélation avec les expérimentations menées. Le quatrième chapitre propose une comparaison entre les films PU purs et chargés. Cette analyse porte non seulement sur des mesures mécaniques et électriques mais également en XRD ou en DSC afin de détecter le niveau de cristallisation. Une dispersion importante a ainsi été observée visuellement. Des déformations de l’ordre de 50 % ont ainsi été obtenues. Le cinquième chapitre porte sur l’effet lié à l’injection de charges électriques par bombardement électronique (HEBI), sur la déformation électrostrictive. Une telle approche permet ainsi un gain d’un facteur de l’ordre de 2 sur la déformation et semble réduire les pertes de façon très conséquente In a general manner, the present thesis focuses on electrostrictive polymers which can be used either as flexible electromechanical actuators or as sensors or energy harvesters. Chapter 1 is a general introduction to electro-mechanical coupled systems. The choice of the materials is described and focuses on dielectric elastomers, polyurethane (PU) with conductive carbon black (CB) nano-particle fillers. Chapter 2 focuses on the film synthesis. CB nano-particles in the form of micelles and solution cast method were employed to provide good filler dispersion. The strain enhancement of a factor of 1.6 was obtained by 0.89 vol% CB doping. Chapter 3 exposes the modeling of electrostrictive actuation and in particular the saturation of the polarization. By modeling the polarization as a nonlinear function depending on two variables (low-level permittivity and saturation field), it is therefore possible to describe several phenomena that cannot be explained by a classical linear and homogeneous approach. Simulations performed using such an approach show a good agreement with experimental results. Chapter 4 presents the comparison between pure PU and composite films. It includes mechanical/electrical characterization as well as XRD or DSC measurements to detect the crystallization level. High dispersion level was visually confirmed. Strains of the order of 50 % were reached. Chapter 5 deals with the effect of electric charge injection by homogeneous electron beam irradiation (HEBI) on the electrostrictive strain. This technique therefore permits a gain of 2 on the obtained strain and seems to significantly reduce the losses in the material as well

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Fritz, Martin [Verfasser], and A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Albers. "Methodische Entwicklung modellbasierter Überwachungsfunktionen für mechatronische Systeme im Kraftfahrzeug am Beispiel eines elektromechanischen Radbremsaktors = Methodological Development of Model-Based Supervision Functions for Mechatronic Systems in Motor Vehicles Using the Example of an Electromechanical Wheel Brake Actuator / Martin Fritz ; Betreuer: A. Albers." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1235072649/34.

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34

Estival, Pierre. "Concept Innovant d‘Actionneur Electromécanique pour la Commande de Vol d'Hélicoptère de Nouvelle Génération." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS137.

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Le travail présenté dans cette thèse porte sur l’étude du pré-dimensionnement d’un actionneur électromécanique à entrainement direct dans une chaine de commande de vol électrique d’un hélicoptère.Le dimensionnement de cet actionneur répond à un brevet déposé par Airbus Helicopters et les éléments composant l’actionneur devront remplir les critères de sécurité des équipements embarqués des fonctions critiques. Dans un premier temps, une méthode de pré-dimensionnement d’actionneur électromécanique et plus particulièrement de machine électrique est décrite à l’aide d’un modèle analytique. Ce modèle est couplé à un algorithme d’optimisation afin de minimiser la masse tout en conservant les performances. Un prototype a fait l’objet d’une fabrication à l’échelle 1. Dans un second temps, une architecture et une méthode de calcul de l’asservissement sont définies afin d’obtenir les performances attendues par un cahier des charges en termes de précision, vitesse et stabilité. Dans le but d’améliorer le processus de dimensionnement et de prévoir le comportement dynamique de l’asservissement, des modèles multi-physiques sont développés et utilisés. Enfin, le prototype est mis en place sur un banc d’essai. Il a permis de valider le modèle de pré-dimensionnement et plus généralement de caractériser les machines électriques. Enfin, une campagne d’essai avec des cas de panne est réalisée pour mesurer et analyser les effets des pannes sur cet actionneur The thesis aim is the pre-design of a direct drive electromechanical actuator for Fly-By-Wire flight control of rotorcraft.The pre-design of this actuator answer to a Airbus Helicopters patent and all component must be compliant with the safety criteria of embedded system for critical function. Over a first phase, a method of electromechanical actuator’s pre-design and particularly of electrical machine is described with an analytical model. This model is linked with an optimization algorithm in order to minimize the actuator’s mass with the whole performances. A full scale prototype has been built.Over a second phase, architecture and methods for designing control are described in order to obtain the specification performances in term of precision, speed and stability. To improve the design process and the dynamic prediction of the control, multiphysics models have been developed and used.At last, the prototype is integrated on a test bench. This one allow to validate the electrical machines pre-design and more generally, to characterize the built electrical motors. A series of failure case’s tests takes place in order to analyze and measure all the actuator effect of the failure case

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Siala, Hana. "Tolérancement fonctionnel généralisé et intégration dans une approche d’ingénierie système." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASC015.

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Pour un système mécatronique, le manque de robustesse est principalement dû à une ignorance de la variabilité qui est inévitable dans tout système conçu, à toutes les étapes de son développement et tout au long de son cycle de vie. En effet, les imperfections inhérentes aux processus de fabrication et les variations en fonctionnement telles que l'usure des matériaux ou les effets physiques multiples (thermiques, vibrations, etc.) impliquent des variations paramétriques susceptibles de dégrader le bon fonctionnement du système. Pour garantir un niveau de qualité élevé et pour améliorer la robustesse de la conception, les déviations entre les valeurs réelles et les valeurs nominales des paramètres et des variables doivent être limitées par des tolérances bien spécifiées.Pour ce faire, il est important de comprendre la relation entre les écarts des paramètres et le comportement du système. Ainsi, dans cette thèse, une approche variationnelle est proposée pour spécifier les tolérances admissibles des paramètres pour lesquels le comportement reste conforme aux spécifications. De plus, cette approche est utilisée pour identifier la sensibilité des performances du système aux écarts des paramètres dans un système mécatronique. Cette analyse de sensibilité vise à déterminer les paramètres agissant de manière significative sur le bon fonctionnement du système et son comportement. L’approche proposée est appliquée à un exemple dans le domaine de l’aéronautique : un actionneur électromécanique entraînant une surface de contrôle de vol primaire d’un aéronef (aileron) For a mechatronic system, the lack of robustness is mainly due to an ignorance of variability which is unavoidable in every designed system at all stages of its development and during its entire life cycle. In fact, the inherent imperfections of manufacturing processes and operational variations such as material wear or multi-physical effects (thermal, vibrations, etc.) involve parametric variations, which can degrade the proper system function. To ensure a high level of quality and to improve design robustness, the deviations between actual and target definition should be restricted by specified tolerances. Moreover, it is important to understand the relationship between parameters deviations and system behavior. Thus, in this thesis, a variational approach is proposed to specify the admissible parameters deviations for which the given specifications can be guaranteed. Furthermore, this approach is used to identify performances sensitivity to parameters deviations in a mechatronic system and to determine influential parameters that affect significantly the proper functioning of the system and its behavior. The complete approach is applied to an example in the aeronautic field: an electromechanical actuator driving an aircraft primary flight control surface (aileron)

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Sanchez, Florian. "Génération de modèles analytiques pour la conception préliminaire de systèmes multi-physiques : application à la thermique des actionneurs et des systèmes électriques embarqués." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30081/document.

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L'objectif de cette thèse est de fournir des méthodes et outils numériques dédiés à la conception préliminaire de systèmes multi-physiques, avec une attention particulière quant à l'évaluation des transferts thermiques mis en jeu dans les actionneurs et les systèmes électriques embarqués. Ce besoin émane de la recherche industrielle actuelle menant au développement de l'avion plus électrique ("More Electrical Aircraft " - MEA), qui met en œuvre de nouvelles technologies de systèmes embarqués où la gestion thermique de tels dispositifs est primordiale. Dans un premier temps, cette thèse propose une méthodologie basée sur l'analyse dimensionnelle et les modèles de substitution pour générer des modèles analytiques à partir de simulations éléments finis. De plus, une méthodologie de génération de plans d'expériences optimaux adaptée à l'utilisation du formalisme adimensionnel est également proposée. Dans un deuxième temps, deux approches numériques permettant de réduire le nombre de variables adimensionnelles d'un problème et d'étudier leur significativité physique sont proposées. La première approche utilise l'analyse de sensibilité d'une façon originale pour mettre en avant la significativité des nombres adimensionnels du problème considéré. La deuxième approche fait appel à des algorithmes d'optimisation pour réduire le nombre de variables adimensionnelles d'un problème. Enfin, les méthodes proposées ont été appliquées avec succès pour modéliser les composants d'un actionneur électromécanique d'aileron (moteur électrique de type brushless, carter mécanique), et d'un convertisseur de puissance électrique (condensateur, inductance, dissipateur) utilisé dans le contexte aéronautique The objective of this thesis is to develop methods and tools dedicated to the preliminary design of multi-physical systems, with a particular attention to the thermal modelling of actuators and embedded electrical systems. This need arises from the current industrial research which led to the More Electrical Aircraft program (MEA), which deals with new technologies of embedded systems where the thermal management of such devices is essential. First of all, this thesis proposes a methodology based on dimensional analysis and surrogate modelling technique to generate analytical models from finite element simulations. Furthermore, a methodology for constructing optimal design of experiments intended for building surrogate models using dimensionless variables is also proposed. Finaly, two numerical approaches which enable to reduce the number of dimensionless variables of a problem and to study their physical significance are proposed. The first approach uses sensitivity analysis in an original way to highlight the physical significance of the dimensionless numbers for a considered problem. The second approach uses optimization algorithms to reduce the number of dimensionless variables. In the second part of the thesis, the proposed methods were successfully applied to model several components of an electromechanical actuator (EMA) of an aileron (electrical brushless motor, mechanical housing, etc.), and of a power converter (capacitor, inductance, heatsink) used in an aeronautical context

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Gutfrind, Christophe. "Optimisation des actionneurs électromécaniques de la boucle d’air d’un moteur thermique." Thesis, Supélec, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012SUPL0012/document.

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Les travaux de thèse présentent une étude comparative d'actionneurs électromécaniques à course limitée régulant la position d'un obturateur dans une boucle d'air d'un moteur thermique. Les normes européennes sur la limitation des rejets polluants imposent de nouveaux besoins sur les performances dynamiques et mécaniques des actionneurs. Un état de l’art sur la boucle d’air des moteurs thermiques montre que deux topologies d'actionnements sont devenus majoritaires : l’une se compose d’un moteur à courant continu (MCC) à balais et d’une transmission de puissance par engrenage, l’autre est une machine sans balais à entraînement direct sur l’obturateur. La description de ces topologies montre une approche multiphysique utilisant la mécanique, l’électricité, le magnétisme, la thermique et l’automatique. À l'aide d'un cahier des charges, quatre architectures magnétiques de machines à entraînement direct ont été modélisées et optimisées en régime linéaire. Chaque machine est constituée d’aimants permanents au rotor et d’un circuit magnétique à dents polaires bobinées. De ces quatre machines, une d'entre elles est choisie sur le critère de la performance de couple par unité de volume en vu d'être optimiser sur le critère de la consommation minimale de l'énergie électrique. Pour jauger des résultats obtenus, la topologie MCC avec un réducteur à engrenage à deux étages de réduction est paramétrée et optimisée avec les mêmes contraintes et le même objectif. Les méthodes présentées associent les contraintes physiques et dynamiques sur le dimensionnement de l'actionneur et évoluent vers une optimisation de l'ensemble actionneur, électronique de puissance et loi de commande The present work deals with the development of limited motion actuators dedicated to the air flow regulation of internal combustion engines. Because of the recent European Standard applied to car manufacturers, new conceptions of internal combustion engines need a new air flow management such as the low pressure exhaust gas recirculation. According to a state of art on electromechanical actuators that manage the combustive flow, there are mainly two electric topologies for rotary movements: the first one is an indirect drive which is composed of a brushed DC motor associated with a reduction spur gear set, the second one is a direct drive with a brushless DC motor. The topologic analysis carried out in order to design these actuators is based on a multi-physics approach involving mechanical, electrical, magnetic, thermal behaviours and control laws. With requirements, four magnetic topologies have been modelized in linear behaviour and optimized to minimize the external volume. Each actuator is composed of two bipolar permanent magnets on the rotor and two polar teeth on the magnetic core. With an attractive criteria per volume unit torque for a limited stroke application, one of them is chosen to minimize the electrical energy consumption. In order to compare the results of this optimized actuator, a brushed motor and a two reduction stage gear set are modelized and optimized with the aim of minimizing the energy consumption with the same required performances. This approach associates physical and dynamical constraints on actuator designs and contributes to realize a global optimization of machine, power electronics and control law

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Nabawy, Mostafa. "Design of insect-scale flapping wing vehicles." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/design-of-insectscale-flapping-wing-vehicles(5720b8af-a755-4c54-beb6-ba6ef1a13168).html.

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This thesis contributes to the state of the art in integrated design of insect-scale piezoelectric actuated flapping wing vehicles through the development of novel theoretical models for flapping wing aerodynamics and piezoelectric actuator dynamics, and integration of these models into a closed form design process. A comprehensive literature review of available engineered designs of miniature rotary and flapping wing vehicles is provided. A novel taxonomy based on wing and actuator kinematics is proposed as an effective means of classifying the large variation of vehicle configurations currently under development. The most successful insect-scale vehicles developed to date have used piezoelectric actuation, system resonance for motion amplification, and passive wing pitching. A novel analytical treatment is proposed to quantify induced power losses in normal hover that accounts for the effects of non uniform downwash, wake periodicity and effective flapping disc area. Two different quasi-steady aerodynamic modelling approaches are undertaken, one based on blade element analysis and one based on lifting line theory. Both approaches are explicitly linked to the underlying flow physics and, unlike a number of competing approaches, do not require empirical data. Models have been successfully validated against experimental and numerical data from the literature. These models have allowed improved insight into the role of the wing leading-edge vortex in lift augmentation and quantification of the comparative contributions of induced and profile drag for insect-like wings in hover. Theoretical aerodynamic analysis has been used to identify a theoretical solution for the optimum planform for a flapping wing in terms of chord and twist as a function of span. It is shown that an untwisted elliptical planform minimises profile power, whereas a more highly tapered design such as that found on a hummingbird minimises induced power. Aero-optimum wing kinematics for hovering are also assessed. It is shown that for efficient flight the flapping velocity should be constant whereas for maximum effectiveness the flapping velocity should be sinusoidal. For both cases, the wing pitching at stroke reversal should be as rapid as possible. A dynamic electromechanical model of piezoelectric bending actuators has been developed and validated against data obtained from experiments undertaken as part of this thesis. An expression for the electromechanical coupling factor (EMCF) is extracted from the analytical model and is used to understand the influence of actuator design variables on actuator performance. It is found that the variation in EMCF with design variables is similar for both static and dynamic operation, however for light damping the dynamic EMCF will typically be an order of magnitude greater than for static operation. Theoretical contributions to aerodynamic and electromechanical modelling are integrated into a low order design method for propulsion system sizing. The method is unique in that aside from mass fraction estimation, the underlying models are fully physics based. The transparency of the design method provides the designer with clear insight into effects of changing core design variables such as the maximum flapping amplitude, wing mass, transmission ratio, piezoelectric characteristics on the overall design solution. Whilst the wing mass is only around 10% of the actuator mass, the effective wing mass is 16 times the effective actuator mass for a typical transmission ratio of 10 and hence the wing mass dominates the inertial contribution to the system dynamics. For optimum aerodynamic effectiveness and efficiency it is important to achieve high flapping amplitudes, however this is typically limited by the maximum allowable field strength of the piezoelectric material used in the actuator.

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Zgorski, Aloïs. "Commande en position et vitesse sans capteur mécanique de moteurs synchrones à aimants permanents à pôles lisses : Application à un actionneur électromécanique pour aileron." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00864216.

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Le problème de la commande sans capteur mécanique de la machine synchrone à aimants permanents (MSAP) est un problème très étudié dans le domaine de l'automatique et de l'électrotechnique. Le travail présenté s'intéresse au problème particulier de la commande sans capteur à basse vitesse des MSAP à pôles lisses. L'objectif est de proposer une méthode permettant de contrôler en position un actionneur électromécanique utilisé dans un contexte aéronautique (ici pour des ailerons). Une étude théorique des deux familles de machines, saillantes et non saillantes, a permis de montrer une différence d'observabilité des modèles de la MSAP selon la vitesse de la machine, avec en particulier une perte d'observabiltié à basse vitesse pour les machines à pôles lisses. Pour pallier cette perte, de nouveaux modèles sont développés, qui prennent en compte des vibrations de la machine, sollicitée par une injection de signaux. Une nouvelle analyse, appliquée à ces modèles, permet de garantir l'observabilité de la machine sur toute la gamme de vitesse, y compris à l'arrêt. Nous avons donc proposé une approche d'observation de la position et de la vitesse basée sur ces nouveaux modèles avec une injection bien choisie. Contrairement aux méthodes classiques basées sur la saillance, cette approche est applicable à tous les types de machine. Elle a été validée sur plusieurs bancs d'essais par l'application d'un observateur de Kalman étendu. De nombreux tests ont été réalisés sur un benchmark dédié aux applications industrielles. Les résultats ont montré les performances, la robustesse et les limites des observateurs proposés. Nous nous sommes également intéressés à l'asservissement en vitesse sans capteur mécanique de la machine, pour lequel nous avons proposé deux méthodes de synthèse d'observateurs. La première est basée sur la synthèse d'un observateur LPV robuste par approche polytopique. La seconde utilise un observateur à modes de glissement d'ordre deux à gains adaptatifs. La faisabilité expérimentale de ces deux observateurs a été démontrée.

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Gendrin, Martin. "Contribution au développement d'une mini-pelle tout-électrique : Approche prédictive pour la commande efficace et compliante des actionneurs électromécaniques." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI050/document.

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Les actionneurs électromécaniques supplantent les solutions d’actionnement hydrauliques concurrentes dans un nombre croissant d’applications industrielles, particulièrement en aéronautique. Ils le doivent à leurs rendements élevés et à une relative simplicité de commande. Fort de ces avantages, cette technologie a été mise en place dans le cadre du projet ELEXC, en vue de remplacer les vérins hydrauliques sur une mini-excavatrice tout-électrique et s’attaquant pour la première fois au secteur du bâtiment et des travaux publics. Cependant, cette intégration s’accompagne de doutes sur la performance et la durabilité de ces actionneurs dans ce cas précis d’utilisation. Pour répondre à ces interrogations, ce manuscrit se focalisera dans un premier volet sur la caractérisation des performances d’une structure spécifique, permise par la mise en place d’un banc de test multi-énergies instrumenté. Cette étude aboutira à la mise en place d’un modèle par lois physiques dont les paramètres auront été identifiés expérimentalement.Deux solutions innovantes vont ensuite être proposées, visant respectivement à réduire les répercussions, notamment énergétiques, de la caractéristique discrète du convertisseur à découpage, et à parer au manque de compliance de l’actionneur tout en conservant ses capacités de creusage. Elles seront toutes deux associées au concept de commande prédictive, mais offriront chacune une spécificité par rapport à l’implémentation standard de ce type de commande tout en conservant ses avantages. La première prendra la forme d’un modulateur fondé sur le principe d’une modulation de largeur d’impulsion vectorielle, dont la séquence sera sélectionnée par un contrôleur prédictif en rapport avec une fonction de coût alliant les ondulations de courant, les pertes par commutation et la tension de mode commun spécifiques aux séquences. La seconde consistera en un contrôleur d’impédance à boucle de position interne, dont les paramètres d’impédance seront variables et définis par un contrôleur prédictif afin de permettre une bonne pénétration dans l’environnement tout en limitant la dynamique et la valeur maximale de l’effort de compression sur la transmission Nowadays, the electro-mechanical actuators (EMA) are seen as an alternative to the conventional hydraulic cylinders in a growing number of industrial applications, including the aeronautic sector, thanks to their high efficiency and relatively simple commandability. According to this features, this actuator technology was selected to replace the hydraulic cylinders of the actuation system of a full-electric compact excavator in the ELEXC project. However, some concerns arose from the lack of existing examples with EMA functioning in relatively severe working conditions implying collisions of the actuators with stiff environments. Therefore, this manuscript will first focus on the characterization of the electro-mechanical actuator and of its performances in this specific case of application, enabled by the development of a multi-energy test-rig. Beside the validation of the EMA capacities, a physic law model will be developed, and its parameters tuned according to the experimental results. In a second part of this manuscript, two novel control laws will be proposed, aiming respectively to reduce the negative repercussions of the discrete characteristic of the electrical converter, and to counterpart the lack of natural compliance of the mechanical actuator. They will be both based on the concept of predictive control, but will differ from the conventional implementation of this type of controller. The first proposed topology is a modulator based on a vector Pulse Width Modulation, in which the PWM sequence to be used is defined online by a predictive controller according to a cost function that takes into account the current ripples, the switching losses and the common mode voltages specific to the sequences. Next, a position-based impedance controller, whose impedance parameters are defined online by a predictive controller, is introduced, in order to enable the EMA to penetrate a stiff environment with a relatively low dynamic increase of compression force on the mechanical transmission

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Reysset, Aurelien. "Conception préliminaire d'actionneurs électromécaniques - outils d'aide à la spécification et à la génération de procédures de dimensionnement pour l'optimisation." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAT0003/document.

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Cette thèse a pour objectif d’apporter un ensemble d’outils logiciels s’inscrivant dans une méthodologie globale de conception de systèmes mécatroniques. Elle arrive en complément de travaux déjà menés au sein du laboratoire sur le pré-dimensionnement d’actionneurs aéronautiques de nouvelle génération : les actionneurs électromécaniques (EMA). Cette technologie apporte de nouvelles problématiques qui forcent les ingénieurs à modifier leur processus de développement et ce dès la phase de spécification où des profils de mission devront être générés/transformés/analysés de manière à simplifier la conception et assurer leur validation. Une toolbox Simulink a donc été créée dans cette thèse pour répondre à ce besoin de transformation de l’information entre avionneur et systémier. Comme tout système embarqué, le concepteur fait face à des compromis entre performances, durée de vie et intégration, qui peuvent se résumer à un problème d’optimisation décrit par un ensemble d’équations et de contraintes. Un effort particulier de description a été mené sur le conditionnement de ces équations sous la forme d’un séquencement de calculs explicites adaptés aux algorithmes d’optimisation. La méthode et son implémentation logicielle, toutes deux basées sur la théorie des graphes, interagissent avec le concepteur de manière à l’informer des erreurs de singularité ou de bouclages algébriques apparaissant dans son problème et à lui fournir des pistes de résolution. Pour finir, des études de pré-dimensionnement d’actionneurs de train d’atterrissage et de surfaces de vol primaires (aileron et spoiler), réalisées dans le cadre de cette thèse, dresseront les possibilités offertes par cette approche innovante : conception intégrée avec une cinématique complexe, conception collaborative pluri-partenaires découplée, utilisation de surfaces de réponse pour accélérer l’optimisation The aim of this thesis is to bring a package of software tools included in a whole methodology dealing with mechatronic systems design. It comes as an add-on to the work already carried out at the laboratory in the field of the new generation of aircraft actuation systems: electromechanical actuators (EMA). This technology triggers new problematics leading the engineers to modify their development process as early as the specification phase, when mission profiles have to be generated/transformed/analyzed in order to simplify the design and ensure the validation step. Thus a Simulink toolbox has been created to meet the need for an information translator working as an intermediate between airframer and system-supplier. As for all the embedded systems, the designer has to face some performance-lifetime-integration trade-off, which can be considered as an optimization problem described by a set of equations and constraints. Particular attention is paid here to the conditioning of those explicit equations in order to obtain a standardized calculation sequence adapted to many optimization algorithms. The method and implemented software, both based on the graph theory, interact with the designer to inform him on the possible singularity and algebraic loop issues, providing some leads for their resolution. Finally, some preliminary sizing studies of landing gear and primary flight control surfaces (aileron and spoiler) actuation systems are presented to highlight the possibilities brought out by this innovative approach: integrated design with complex kinematics, collaborative multi-partners design, use of response surfaces to speed up the optimization

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Chamiço, Sofia Amorim Almeida. "Development and characterization of poly-meric membranes for electromechanical actuation." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/97474.

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Bioelectronics is a field still in development that will have a positive impact in individuals’ life worldwide creating promises and excitement. The organic materials “soft” nature offers better mechanical compatibility with tissue than traditional electronic materials, and have natural com-patibility with mechanically flexible substrates. One of those organic materials, PEDOT:PSS, has emerged in recent years as a champion material in some applications such as artificial muscles and as bending actuators for autofocus micro lens applications. This work aims at the research and production of thin electroactive membranes that are able to bend at a when applying a certain electrical potential across it, the study of its electrical and mechanical properties, a study about the influence from the process parameters and the in-vestigation of the electromechanical devices durability, reliability and reproducibility. The elec-tromechanical device PEDOT:PSS/PVDF obtained the best results, showing a low voltage actu-ation, mechanical strength of 40 MPa.

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Xu, Jia-Hong, and 徐家鴻. "Design and Fabrication of Electromechanical Valve Actuation Mechanism for Camless Engine." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67697310430090370737.

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碩士 國立臺灣大學 機械工程學研究所 95 For the sake of the environmental consciousness rising, it is necessary to improve internal combustion engine for high efficiency. Electromechanical valve actuator system (EMVA) uses solenoid to drive each valve independently for achieving variable valve timing (VVT). The main issues of the present research (EMVA) aims to the lower power source needed and hybrid magneto-motive force (MMF) usage. The design procedures depicted in the order as: establish mathematical model via magnetic circuit, optimization, and verified by FEA. The proposed prototype shows a lot of advantages comparing with conventional EMV as following: compact, high temperature tolerance, fast response, no starting current, different current actuating timing and easy for control. It is expected to accomplish VVT in the future achievements.

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Xu, Jia-Hong. "Design and Fabrication of Electromechanical Valve Actuation Mechanism for Camless Engine." 2007. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-2007200715443400.

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Wang, Jhih-Jhe, and 王志哲. "Pre-programmable Composite Material Electrets and Their Applications in Electromechanical Sensing and Actuation." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3tczfd.

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Mashatan, Vahid. "Design and Development of an Actuation System for the Synchronized Segmentally Interchanging Pulley Transmission System (SSIPTS)." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/43661.

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This Ph.D. thesis presents the design, modeling, optimization, prototyping, and experimental methodologies for a novel actuation system for the synchronized segmentally interchanging pulley transmission system (SSIPTS). The SSIPTS is an improved transmission which offers the combined benefits of existing transmission systems for the automotive, the power generation, and the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) industries. As a major subsystem of the SSIPTS, the Pulley Segment Actuation System (PSAS) plays a critical role in the SSIPTS operation and success. However, the overall design of the SSIPTS and its operation principle introduce very challenging and conflicting design requirements for PSASs that the existing actuation technologies cannot meet. To address the lack of actuation technologies for the PSAS application, this research proposes a unique actuation system that meets all the challenging design requirements of the PSAS. This new actuation system is based on the electromagnetic moving coil actuator (MCA) technology. The proposed system is conceptualized and modeled. The key parameters of the actuation system are defined following the conceptual design and modeling. Further, the geometry mapping optimization and the FEM analysis are conducted to determine the optimized values for the key design parameters. From the simulation results, the optimized actuator is shaped. Moreover, a proper control strategy is proposed for the motion of the actuator. Experiments are performed to find the empirical parameters of the actuator, to validate the proposed design, and to test the performance of the actuator. Experimental results show that the prototype of the actuation system meets the design requirements and is feasible for implementation in the SSIPTS. The main contribution of this thesis is to develop a highly efficient and reliable ultra fast bi-stable actuation system for the PSAS for the SSIPTS. As an ultra fast bistable actuation system, the designed actuation system has many advantages over other types of actuation systems: higher load capacity, smaller dimensions, and good controllability. These performance characteristics make the designed actuation system an excellent candidate in applications requiring fast transient response, high precision, and high load capacity such as electromagnetic valve actuators for engines, high speed pick and place, and precise positioning.

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Carroll, James F. "Potassium sodium bismuth titanate ceramics : processing and property relationships for higher-temperature electromechanical actuation /." 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3337718.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2008. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-11, Section: B, page: 7075. Adviser: David A. Payne. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-140) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.

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Vaculik, Stewart Andrew 1979. "A framework for electromechanical actuator design." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/18161.

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Electromechanical actuators are becoming an increasingly popular alternative to traditional hydraulic actuators for ship, aircraft, vehicle suspension, robotic, and other applications. These actuators generally include an electric motor, gear train, bearings, shafts, sensors, seals, and a controller integrated into a single housing. This integration provides the advantages of a single shaft, fewer bearings, and ultimately, reduced weight and volume. Research has shown that the motor and gear train are the most critical, performance-limiting components in an actuator, and balancing the performance parameters (torque, weight, inertia, torque density, and responsiveness) among them is not trivial. The Robotics Research Group currently addresses this task by using intuitive rules of thumb and the designers’ experience, and this often requires multiple design iterations between the motor and gear train. In this regard, this research will provide preliminary guidelines for choosing the gear ratios and relative sizes of the motor and gear train when integrating a switched reluctance motor (SRM) with three different gear trains (hypocyclic gear train (HGT), star gear train coupled with a parallel eccentric gear train (Star+PEGT), and star compound gear train coupled with a parallel eccentric gear train (Star Compound+PEGT)) in the preliminary design stage. Research has also shown that there are cost benefits to developing actuator product families to meet the needs of a particular application domain. In this regard, scaling rules for the SRM, HGT, PEGT, and integrated actuators built from them (with diameters ranging from 6 to 50 inches and gear ratios from 100 to 450) will be developed. These scaling rules describe how the performance parameters vary as the size (diameter and aspect ratio) is varied and are useful for quickly sizing motor, gear train, and actuator designs. These scaling rules are useful for two purposes: 1) learning the relationships between the performance and dominant design parameters and 2) obtaining intermediate sizes not previously considered. The rules will be simple enough for designers to learn and use to make intelligent design parameter choices (purpose 1) but will also have sufficient accuracy for obtaining intermediate designs (purpose 2). The scaling rules are summarized in a series of three-dimensional design maps, with an emphasis on the development of visual decision-making tools. This research also formulates an actuator design procedure that incorporates the two central concepts of this research, balancing parameters and scaling, and this procedure is embedded within computational (MatLab) and solid modeling (SolidWorks) software programs. In addition to developing rules for scaling and balancing parameters, the procedure was also used for the following purposes. First, direct drive and geared actuators were compared in terms of their torque density and responsiveness to determine which alternative is superior for different gear ratio, diameter, and load inertia combinations. Second, alternative minimum sets of actuators were developed for an illustrative application, and the anticipated performance losses due to using common parameters among the sets were quantified. text

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Chih-Ying, Huang. "Vibration Analysis of Plates with Opto-Electromechanical Actuator." 2006. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0017-1901200710324658.

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Huang, Chih-Ying, and 黃智盈. "Vibration Analysis of Plates with Opto-Electromechanical Actuator." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70142390093252000515.

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碩士 中原大學 機械工程研究所 94 The analysis of vibration for the rectangular plate under out-plane moment from opto-electromechanical actuators are considered. The rectangular plate is simply supported at all edges. The equation of rectangular plate motion including out-plane moment based on Tzou and Fu is presented. In order to show clearly the effects of active damping, structural damping is not considered. The equations of vibration are reduced to an ordinary differential equation by assuming mode shape and Galerkin’s procedure. Using Runge-Kutta method, the amplitude-time is determined. By discussing the effective control moments depend on the locations of actuators to the vibration of a rectangular plate.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Electromechanical actuation'

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