Academic literature on the topic 'Electromechanical delay'
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Journal articles on the topic "Electromechanical delay"
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Gunes, Hakan, Abdullah Sokmen, Hakki Kaya, et al. "Evaluation of Atrial Electromechanical Delay to Predict Atrial Fibrillation in Hemodialysis Patients." Medicina 54, no. 4 (2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina54040058.
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Background and objective: Prevalence of atrial fibrillation is higher in hemodialysis patients as compared to the general population. Atrial electromechanical delay is known as a significant predictor of atrial fibrillation. In this study, we aimed to reveal the relationship between atrial electromechanical delay and attacks of atrial fibrillation. Materials and methods: The study included 77 hemodialysis patients over 18 years of age giving written consent to participate in the study. The patients were divided into two groups based on the results of 24-h Holter Electrocardiogram (Holter ECG) as the ones having attacks of atrial fibrillation and the others without any attack of atrial fibrillation. Standard echocardiographic measurements were taken from all patients. Additionally, atrial conduction times were measured by tissue Doppler technique and atrial electromechanical delays were calculated. Results: Intra- and interatrial electromechanical delay were found as significantly lengthened in the group of patients with attacks of atrial fibrillation (p = 0.03 and p < 0.001 respectively). The optimal cut-off time for interatrial electromechanical delay to predict atrial fibrillation was >21 ms with a specificity of 79.3% and a sensitivity of 73.7% (area under the curve 0.820; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.716–0.898). In the multivariate logistic regression model, interatrial electromechanical delay (odds ratio = 1.230; 95% CI, 1.104–1.370; p < 0.001) and hypertension (odds ratio = 4.525; 95% CI, 1.042–19.651; p = 0.044) were also associated with atrial fibrillation after adjustment for variables found to be statistically significant in univariate analysis and correlated with interatrial electromechanical delay. Conclusions: Interatrial electromechanical delay is independently related with the attacks of atrial fibrillation detected on Holter ECG records in hemodialysis patients.
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Smith, Cory M., Terry J. Housh, Ethan C. Hill, Josh L. Keller, Glen O. Johnson, and Richard J. Schmidt. "Effects of intensity on muscle-specific voluntary electromechanical delay and relaxation electromechanical delay." Journal of Sports Sciences 36, no. 11 (2017): 1196–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2017.1364403.
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Corcos, Daniel M., Gerald L. Gottlieb, Mark L. Latash, Gil L. Almeida, and Gyan C. Agarwal. "Electromechanical delay: An experimental artifact." Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 2, no. 2 (1992): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1050-6411(92)90017-d.
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Çiftel, Murat, Özlem Turan, Ayşe Şimşek, Fırat Kardelen, Gayaz Akçurin, and Halil Ertuğ. "Assessment of atrial electromechanical delay in children with acute rheumatic fever." Cardiology in the Young 24, no. 1 (2012): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104795111200193x.
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AbstractPurposeThere may be an increase in the risk of atrial arrhythmia due to left atrial enlargement and the influence on conduction system in acute rheumatic fever. The aim of this study is to investigate atrial electromechanical delay and P-wave dispersion in patients with acute rheumatic fever.PatientsA total of 48 patients diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever and 40 volunteers of similar age, sex, and body mass index were included in the study. The study groups were compared for M-mode echocardiographic parameters, interatrial electromechanical delay, intra-atrial electromechanical delay, and P-wave dispersion.ResultsMaximum P-wave duration, P-wave dispersion, and interatrial electromechanical delay were significantly higher in patients with acute rheumatic fever compared with the control group (p < 0.001). However, there was no difference in terms of intra-atrial electromechanical delay (p > 0.05). For patients with acute rheumatic fever, a positive correlation was identified between the left atrium diameter and the P-wave dispersion and interatrial electromechanical delay (r = 0.524 and p < 0.001, and r = 0.351 and p = 0.014, respectively). Furthermore, an important correlation was also identified between the P-wave dispersion and the interatrial electromechanical delay (r = 0.494 and p < 0.001).ConclusionThis study shows the prolongation of P-wave dispersion and interatrial electromechanical delay in acute rheumatic fever. Left atrial enlargement can be one of the underlying reasons for the increase in P-wave dispersion and interatrial electromechanical delay.
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Smith, Cory, Terry Housh, Ethan Hill, Joshua Keller, Glen Johnson, and Richard Schmidt. "Effects of Fatigue on Voluntary Electromechanical and Relaxation Electromechanical Delay." International Journal of Sports Medicine 38, no. 10 (2017): 763–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-115734.
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AbstractThe purposes of the present study were to examine: 1) the effects of fatigue on electromechanical delay from the onsets of the electromyographic signal to force production (EMDE-F), the onsets of the electromyographic to mechanomyographic signals (EMDE-M), the onsets of the mechanomyographic signal to force production (EMDM-F), as well as the cessations of the electromyographic to force production (R-EMDE-F), cessation of the electromyographic to mechanomyographic signals (R-EMDE-M), and cessations of the mechanomyographic signal to force production (R-EMDM-F); and 2) the relative contributions from EMDE-M and EMDM-F to EMDE-F as well as R-EMDE-M and R-EMDM-F to R-EMDE-F from the vastus lateralis in non-fatigued and fatigued states. The values EMDE-F, EMDE-M, EMDM-F, R-EMDE-F, R-EMDE-M and R-EMDM-F were calculated during maximal voluntary isometric contractions, before and after 70% 1-repetition maximum leg extensions to failure. There were significant pretest to posttest increases in EMDE-F (73%;p<0.01), EMDE-M (99%;p<0.01), EMDM-F (60%;p<0.01), R-EMDE-F (101%;p<0.01) and R-EMDM-F (368%;p<0.01), but no significant change in R-EMDE-M (25%;p=0.46). Fatigue-induced increase in EMDE-F indicated excitation-contraction coupling failure (EMDE-M) and increases in the compliance of the series elastic component (EMDM-F). Increases in R-EMDE-F were due to increases in relaxation time for the series elastic component (R-EMDM-F), but not changes in the reversal of excitation-contraction coupling (R-EMDE-M).
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Güneş, Hatice, Hakan Güneş, Şebnem Özmen, Enes Çelik, and Fatih Temiz. "Effects of metformin on epicardial adipose tissue and atrial electromechanical delay of obese children with insulin resistance." Cardiology in the Young 30, no. 10 (2020): 1429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951120002103.
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AbstractIntroduction:Obesity is usually related to insulin resistance and glucose metabolism disorders. The relationship between insulin resistance and epicardial adipose tissue and atrial electromechanical delay has been described in previous studies.Aim:This study aims to demonstrate the effects of metformin on epicardial adipose tissue and electromechanical delay in patients using metformin for insulin resistance.Materials and methods:A total of 30 patients using metformin for insulin resistance were included in the study. Pre-treatment and post-treatment epicardial adipose tissue and electromechanical delay were evaluated.Results:There was a statistically significant decrease in epicardial adipose tissue thickness after 3 months of metformin therapy (6.4 ± 2.1 versus 4.7 ± 2.0; p = 0.008). Furthermore, the inter-atrial and intra-atrial electromechanical delay also significantly decreased after 3 months of metformin monotherapy (23.6 ± 8.2 versus 18.1 ± 5.8; p < 0.001, 9.1 ± 2.9 versus 6.3 ± 3.6; p = 0.003, respectively).Conclusion:In this study, we show that metformin monotherapy significantly decreases epicardial adipose tissue thickness and electromechanical delay in obese children.
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VOS, EGBERT J., JAAP HARLAAR, and GERRIT JAN VAN INGEN SCHENAU. "Electromechanical delay during knee extensor contractions." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 23, no. 10 (1991): 1187???1193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199110000-00013.
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Temiz, Fatih, Hatice Güneş, and Hakan Güneş. "Evaluation of Atrial Electromechanical Delay in Children with Obesity." Medicina 55, no. 6 (2019): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55060228.
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Background and Objective: Childhood obesity is one of the worldwide health problems with an increasing prevalence and accompanied by severe morbidity and mortality. It is a serious predisposing risk factor especially for the development of cardiovascular diseases and arrhythmias. Electromechanical delay (EMD) is known to be a predictor for the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). Our study aims to investigate whether EMD, which is a predictor of AF, prolongs in obese children or not. Material and Methods: The study included 59 obese patients aged between 8–18 years and 38 healthy patients as the control group with a similar age and gender. All the individuals underwent transthoracic echo and tissue Doppler echocardiography. Systolic and diastolic left ventricular (LV) functions, inter- and intra-atrial electromechanical delay were measured by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and conventional echocardiography. Results: Obese patients had significantly lengthened P-wave on surface ECG to the beginning of the late diastolic wave (PA) lateral, PA septum, intra- and inter-atrial electromechanical delays when compared with the control group (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) Inter-atrial EMD and intra-atrial EMD correlated positively with body mass index (BMI) values (r = 0.484, p < 0.001 and r = 0.376, p = 0.001; respectively) BMI was significantly related with inter-atrial EMD (β = 0.473, p < 0.001) However, there was no relationship between inter-atrial EMD and serum glucose and platelet count. Conclusion: In our study, we declared that electromechanical delay was increased in obese children when compared to the control group and intra- and inter-atrial electromechanical delay was in correlation with body mass index. Furthermore, we discovered that BMI is an independent predictor of the inter-atrial EMD in obese children.
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Akyel, Ahmet, Yusuf Tavil, Abdurrahman Tufan, et al. "Atrial Electromechanical Delay and Diastolic Dysfunction in Primary Sjögren Syndrome." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 35, no. 5 (2012): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v35i5.18703.
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Purpose: In this study we aimed to investigate myocardial function and atrial electromechanical properties by conventional and tissue doppler echocardiography in patients with primary Sjögren syndrome. Methods: Forty patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS) and 25 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. Using transthoracic echocardiography, myocardial performance index and atrial electromechanical properties were measured. Results: Basal characteristics were similar between two groups. Myocardial performance index values were disturbed in patients with Sjögren syndrome (0.41 vs. 0.32, p < 0.01). There was significant intraatrial (16.4±6.4, 5.0±4.5, p < 0.01) and interatrial (30.6±10.1, 15.4±5.9, p < 0.01) electromechanical delay in this patient group. Conclusion: Myocardial function is disturbed and there is significant atrial electromechanical delay in patients with primary SS. This study is the first to show altered myocardial function and atrial electromechanical properties in primary SS.
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Takase, Koichi, Masahiro Taguchi, and Mayumi Kakimoto. "Characteristics Of Electromechanical Delay In The Elderly." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37, Supplement (2005): S391—S392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200505001-02020.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Electromechanical delay"
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Stevenson, Deja Lee. "Whole-Body Vibration and Its Effects on Electromechanical Delay and Vertical Jump Performance." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd867.pdf.
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Pate, Megan Padua Darin A. "Assessment of muscle stiffness, electromechanical delay, and muscle extensibility over the course of the menstrual cycle." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1069.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.<br>Title from electronic title page (viewed Mar. 27, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Exercise and Sport Science Athletic Training." Discipline: Exercise and Sports Science; Department/School: Exercise and Sport Science.
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Musi, Wennergren Alexander. "Neuromuscular electrical stimulation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery : Effects on rate of torque development and electromechanical delay." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3773.
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Abstract Aim: The main objective of this study was to compare electro mechanical delay (EMD) and rate of torque development (RTD) of the knee extensors 6 weeks after rehabilitation of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with or without neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). Further the feasibility of the study was examined. Method: 10 participants were randomized into two groups, one neuromuscular electrical stimulation group (NMESG) and one training group (TG). The NMESG used a NMES-device as a complement to the ordinary rehabilitation protocol. Regular meetings with a physiotherapist were scheduled during the rehabilitation. Measurements of RTD and EMD during knee extension were made in an isokinetic dynamometer with electromyography recordings (EMG) from the knee extensors 6 weeks after surgery. Results: All participants completed the study. The NMESG went to see the physiotherapist 6.7 ± 2.5 times and the TG 6.8 ± 1.8 times. The participants in the NMESG used the NMES-apparatus 28 ± 1.7 times. Total number of training days for the NMESG was 25 ± 4 and for the TG 35 ± 1. RTD did not significantly differ between the groups. For the TG, RDT was 901.1, 941.2 and 531.0 Nm/s, over the first 50, 100 and 200 ms, respectively. For NMESG: RTD was 824.3, 966.2 and 529.0 Nm/s, over the first 50, 100 and 200 ms, respectively. No significant difference between the groups or interaction between group and muscle was found in EMD. For both groups EMD was significantly larger for vastus medialis as compared to the vastus lateralis and rectus femoris. Conclusions: The study was feasible to perform, and despite fewer training days for the NMESG, no significant group differences were found in RTD or EMD. A larger study population is needed to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention.<br>Abstrakt Syfte: Huvudsyftet med denna studie var att jämföra elektromekaniska fördröjning (EMD) och vridmoment utveckling (RTD) för knäextensorerna 6 veckor efter rehabilitering av främre korsbandsrekonstruktion (ACLR) med eller utan neuromuskulär elektrisk stimulering (NMES). Vidare undersöktes genomförbarheten av studien. Metod: 10 deltagare randomiseras in i två grupper, en neuromuskulär elektrisk stimulerings grupp (NMESG) och en träningsgrupp (TG). NMESG använde en NMES - enhet som ett komplement till ordinarie rehabiliteringsprotokoll. Regelbundna möten med sjukgymnast var inplanerad under rehabiliteringen. Mätningar av RTD och EMD under knäets extension gjordes i en isokinetisk dynamometer med elektromyografi inspelningar (EMG) från knäextensorerna 6 veckor efter operationen. Resultat: Alla deltagare fullföljde studien. NMESG träffade sjukgymnasten 6,7 ± 2,5 gånger och TG 6,8 ± 1,8 gånger. Deltagarna i NMESG använde NMES - apparaten 28 ± 1,7 gånger. Totalt antal träningsdagar för NMESG var 25 ± 4 och för TG 35 ± 1. RTD skiljde sig inte signifikant mellan grupperna. För TG var RDT 901,1, 941,2 och 531,0 Nm/s, under de respektive första 50, 100 och 200 ms. För NMESG var RTD 824,3, 966,2 och 529,0 Nm/s, under de respektive första 50, 100 och 200 ms. Inga signifikanta skillnader mellan grupperna eller samspel mellan grupp och muskler hittades i EMD. För båda grupperna var EMD signifikant större för vastus medialis jämfört vastus lateralis och rectus femoris. Slutsats: Studien var möjligt att utföra, och trots färre träningsdagar för NMESG sågs inga signifikanta skillnader mellan grupperna i RTD eller EMD. Det behövs en större studiepopulation för att utvärdera effekten av interventionen.
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Waugh, Charlotte. "The effects of age- and training-related changes in tendon stiffness on muscular force production and neuro-motor control during childhood." Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6596.
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The research described in this thesis examined age- and strength training-related changes in Achilles tendon stiffness and plantarflexor force production in prepubertal children. The measurement of both Achilles tendon stiffness and muscular force production requires in vivo moment arm lengths to be known. Currently, this is possible only by using expensive and time-consuming medical imaging methodologies. Therefore, the predictability of the Achilles tendon moment arm from surface anthropometric measurements was assessed in the first experimental study (Chapter 3). The results demonstrated that a combination of foot length and the distance between the calcaneal tuberosity and 1st metatarsal head could explain 49% of the variability in Achilles tendon moment arm length in 5 – 12 year-old children. This was considered to be unacceptable for further use, thus an ultrasound-based method was decided upon for obtaining moment arm length in subsequent experimental studies. In the second and third experimental studies (Chapters 4 and 5), age-related changes in tendon mechanical and structural properties were documented and their relationship with changes in force production ability were examined in prepubertal children (5 – 12 years) and adult men and women. In Chapter 4, Achilles tendon stiffness was shown to increase with age through to adulthood, and that changes in tendon stiffness were strongly and independently associated with body mass (R2 = 0.58) and peak force production capacity (R2 = 0.51),which may provide the tendon with an increasing mechanical stimulus for growth and microadaptation. These increases in tendon stiffness were associated with a greater increase in tendon CSA (~105%) than that found for tendon length (~60%), in addition to an increase in Young’s modulus (~139%), suggesting that gross increases in tendon size as well as changes in its microstructure underpinned the increase in stiffness. In Chapter 5, the relationships between Achilles tendon stiffness and both electro-mechanical delay (EMD) and rate of force development (RFD) were determined during maximal isometric plantarflexion contractions. Moderate correlations were found between tendon stiffness and both EMD (r = -0.66) and RFD (r = 0.58). RFD was significantly better predicted when muscle activation (estimated as the rate of EMG rise) was included in a regression model. These data clearly show that increases in tendon stiffness with age through to adulthood are associated with decreases in EMD and increases in RFD, and that the rate of muscle activation has an additional influence on RFD during growth. Given that 1) Achilles tendon stiffness was lower in children than adults, 2) this lower stiffness was associated with a longer EMD and slower RFD, and 3) that strength training in adults had previously been shown to increase tendon stiffness and RFD, the adaptability of the developing Achilles tendon to a resistance training programme, and consequence of the potential changes on force production capacity were examined in the final experimental study (Chapter 6). Significant increases in Achilles tendon stiffness and Young’s modulus were found after 10 weeks of twice-weekly plantarflexor strength training in 8-9 year-old boys and girls, which demonstrates that the larger muscle force production provided a sufficient stimulus for tendon microadaptation. The training also resulted in a decrease in EMD, which was moderately correlated with the change in tendon stiffness (r = 55), but no change in RFD. Thus, the increasing tendon stiffness with training was associated with a decreasing EMD, but had no detectable effect on RFD. This would likely have a significant effect on the performance of tasks requiring rapid muscle force production. Together, the results of the present series of investigations demonstrate that the tendon loading experienced from both normal ageing and overloading (strength training) can increase tendon stiffness in children, and that these changes have a detectable effect on rapid force production.
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Gago, Paulo. "Post activation potentiation : Modulating factors and mechanisms for muscle performance." Doctoral thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-4280.
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Introduction: Acute enhancements of muscle contractile properties and performance subsequent to a maximal or near maximal conditioning contraction are often termed post activation potentiation (PAP). Although still controversial, PAP is commonly linked to enhancements in the myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation, leading to improvements in the excitation–contraction coupling. The PAP seen after a conditioning task often coexists with fatigue and is known to depend on strength level, muscle fiber type and age. Less is known about how factors such as static and dynamic changes in muscle length affect PAP, and on the relative contribution of contractile and tensile components to PAP. Aim: To enhance our understanding of how, and under what conditions, a single maximal isometric contraction affects plantar flexor muscle contractile performance, and other muscle tendon properties, in power athletes. Methods: Supramaximal twitches were evoked via electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve of athletes before and on several occasions after a 6-second maximal voluntary isometric contraction (6-s MVIC) in both static muscle, and during passive muscle lengthening and shorting at different angular velocities. Several contractile variables were measured from the twitches. The effects of a 6-s MVIC on Achilles tendon stiffness was calculated from torque and ultrasonography based measurements of tendon length at two submaximal contraction intensities. Overall stiffness index was calculated by analyzing the passive lengthening torque/angle curve.Results: A single MVIC enhanced muscle contractile properties and electromechanical delay for up to 5 minutes. Plantar flexor twitch variables such as peak twitch, rate of torque development and rate of torque relaxation were enhanced during shortening compared to lengthening muscle actions, and in an extended as compared to a flexed knee position. Achilles tendon stiffness and overall stiffness index were not significantly modulated by a single 6-s MVIC. Conclusion: The results of this thesis imply that functional enhancements from a 6-s conditioning MVIC would mainly come from improvements in contractile rather than tensile components. Stiffness changes should be monitored in future PAP-related studies since they may still occur after more extensive conditioning protocols than the current one. Improvements in contractile components subserving muscle strength after a conditioning MVIC suggests that enhancements in muscle power after a conditioning task should be greatest in fast concentric muscle actions, though still present in muscle lengthening. Conditioning should be performed in a position where full activation is easy to achieve and tailored to mach an athlete or group of athlete’s current status and characteristics, maximizing performance in a specific sport event.<br><p>The project recived financial support from the Swedish National Centre for Research in Sports (CIF). Paulo Gago also wishes to thank the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal for the Ph.D. Grant (SFRH/BD/103572/2014).</p><p>New version 2015-01-25 updates the previous one by correcting the errors described in the correction list file (errata).</p><br>Doctoral project: Post activation potentiation - Modulating factors and mechanisms for muscle performance.
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Linford, Christena. "Effects of Neuromuscular Training on the Dynamic Restraint Characteristics of the Ankle." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd737.pdf.
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Buckthorpe, Matthew. "Neural contributions to maximal muscle performance." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14772.
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Neural activation is thought to be essential for the expression of maximal muscle performance, but the exact contribution of neural mechanisms such as the level of agonist, antagonist and stabiliser muscle activation to muscle strength is not fully understood. Explosive neuromuscular performance, including the ability to initiate (the electromechanical delay, EMD) and develop force rapidly (termed, rate of force development, RFD) are considered essential for the performance of explosive sporting tasks and joint stabilisation and thus injury avoidance. The thesis aimed to improve our understanding of the contribution of neural factors to muscle performance, with a specific focus on explosive neuromuscular performance. The work in this thesis utilised a range of approaches to achieve this aim. Initially, the association between muscle activation and rate of force development and EMD was established. Comparison of unilateral and bilateral actions was then undertaken. Finally interventions with the aim to both negatively affect and improve muscle strength, which included fatigue and resistance training (RT), respectively was undertaken and the neural contributions to changes in performance established. Agonist activation during the early phase of voluntary force production was shown to be an important determinant of voluntary EMD, explaining 41% of its inter-individual variability. Agonist activation was an important determinant of early, but not late phase RFD. Use of bilateral actions resulted in a reduction in explosive strength, which was thought to be due to differences in postural stability between unilateral and bilateral strength tasks. The level of stabiliser activation was strongly related to the level of agonist activation during the early phase of explosive force development and had a high association with explosive force production. Task-specific adaptations following isoinertial RT, specifically, the greater increase in isoinertial lifting strength than maximal isometric strength were due to training-specific changes in the level of agonist activation. High-intensity fatigue achieved a more substantial decline in explosive than maximal isometric strength, and this was postulated to be due to neural mechanisms, specifically decreased agonist activation. This work provides an in depth analysis of the neural contributions to maximal muscle performance.
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Minozzo, Felipe. "Equilíbrio de força muscular e retardo eletromecânico na articulação do ombro entre atletas de diferentes modalidades esportivas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/172501.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar o equilíbrio de força muscular e o tempo de retardo eletromecânico na articulação do ombro entre atletas de diferentes modalidades esportivas, os quais utilizam predominantemente rotações internas e externas de ombro durante as suas práticas esportivas. Fizeram parte do estudo 41 sujeitos do sexo masculino, sendo 15 atletas profissionais de Voleibol (24,07 ± 5,13 anos; 91,60 ± 11,67 kg; 198,47 ± 5,90 cm), 14 atletas profissionais de Judô (26,64 ± 7,30 anos; 87,36 ± 15,20 kg; 178,07 ± 6,90 cm) e 12 atletas universitários de Handebol (23,17 ± 4,70 anos; 84,75 ± 13,50 kg; 182,08 ± 6,20 cm). Para a mensuração de força máxima, de diferença contralateral (i.e. lados direito vs. esquerdo) e para o cálculo das razões entre rotação interna e externa de ombro, os participantes realizaram testes de dinamometria isocinética em condições isométricas e isocinéticas. Durante os testes isométricos foi realizada a coleta do sinal eletromiográfico dos músculos peitoral maior e infraespinal, o que possibilitou o cálculo do retardo eletromecânico. Os resultados demonstram que atletas de Judô possuem força isométrica de rotação interna de ombro significativamente (p<0,01) maior quando comparados com atletas de Voleibol e de Handebol. Atletas de Judô apresentam valores de razão agonista/antagonista isométrica de membro direito significativamente (p<0,03) inferiores aos grupos Voleibol e Handebol, bem como significativamente (p<0,01) inferiores ao grupo Voleibol em relação ao membro esquerdo O tempo de retardo eletromecânico apresentou diferenças entre os grupos somente na rotação externa, em que o grupo Voleibol apresentou valores do membro direito significativamente (p<0,01) mais curtos quando comparados com o grupo Handebol e valores de membro esquerdo significativamente (p<0,01) mais curtos quando comparados com os grupos Handebol e Judô. Picos de torque isocinéticos apresentaram diferença somente para rotação interna de membro direito, em que o grupo Judô apresentou valores significativamente (p<0,001) maiores quando comparados com o grupo Voleibol. Já para membro esquerdo, detectou-se diferença significativa (p<0,01) no ângulo de pico de torque de rotação interna de membro esquerdo entre o grupo Judô e Handebol. Os resultados do estudo permitem concluir que a prática de cada modalidade esportiva avaliada neste estudo promoveu adaptação dos músculos do ombro, de acordo com a demanda da modalidade esportiva. Assim, atletas de Judô necessitam realizar reforço dos músculos rotadores externos do ombro, tanto concêntrica quanto excentricamente, visto o desequilíbrio muscular causado pela especificidade da modalidade. Por outro lado, atletas de Voleibol apresentam satisfatório equilíbrio muscular na articulação do ombro por conta de altos níveis de força excêntrica de rotação externa exigidos na prática deste esporte; além disso, os curtos períodos de tempo de retardo eletromecânico apresentados por estes atletas reforçam a constatação de equilíbrio desta articulação. Atletas de Handebol apresentam satisfatório equilíbrio muscular na articulação do ombro, entretanto apresentam valores altos de retardo eletromecânico, sendo indicado que estes atletas realizem reforço de rotação externa de ombro, sobretudo em velocidade elevada, com o objetivo de diminuir o tempo necessário para ativar estes grupos musculares.<br>The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the muscular balance and the electromechanical delay time of the shoulder joint between athletes of different sports modalities who use predominantly internal and external rotations of the shoulder. The study consisted of a total of 41 male subjects, of whom 15 were professional Volleyball players (n = 15, 24.07 ± 5.13 years, 91.60 ± 11.67 kg, 198.47 ± 5.90 cm), 14 professional Judo athletes (26.64 ± 7.30 years, 87.36 ± 15.20 kg, 178.07 ± 6.90 cm) and 12 university Handball athletes (23.17 ± 4.70 years, 84.75 ± 13.50 kg, 182.08 ± 6.20 cm). To evaluate peak torque, upper limb side-to-side asymmetry and for the calculation of conventional and functional ratios, all subjects performed isokinetic dynamometry tests under isometric and dynamic conditions. During the isomeric tests, the electromyographic signal was collected from the pectoralis major and infraspinal muscles, which allowed the calculation of the electromechanical delay. The results demonstrate that Judo athletes have internal shoulder rotation isometric strength significantly (p<0.01) higher when compared to Volleyball and Handball athletes. Judo athletes presented isometric agonist/antagonist ratio of right limb significantly (p<0.03) lower than the Volleyball and Handball groups, as well as significantly (p<0.01) lower than the Volleyball group in relation to the left limb. The electromechanical delay time presented differences between the groups only in the external shoulder rotation, which the Volleyball group presented significantly lower values of right limb (p<0.01) when compared to the Handball group and left limb times significantly (p<0.01) shorter when compared with the Handball and Judo groups Dynamic peak torque presented difference only for internal shoulder rotation of the right limb, which the Judo group presented values significantly (p<0.001) higher when compared to the Volleyball group. For the left upper limb, a significant difference (p<0.01) was detected in the peak torque angle of internal shoulder rotation between the Judo and Handball groups. The results of the study allow to considering that the practice of each evaluated sports modalities adapts the shoulder of its athletes in different ways. Judo athletes need to perform external shoulder rotation muscular strengthening, both in concentric and eccentric modes due to muscle imbalance caused by the specificity of the modality. Volleyball athletes have reasonable muscle balance in the shoulder joint due to the high levels of eccentric strength of external rotation, in addition the short time periods of electromechanical delay presented by these athletes reinforce even more the balance of this joint. Handball athletes have reasonable muscle balance in the shoulder joint; however, they presented high values of electromechanical delay, so it is indicated that these athletes need to perform muscular strengthening of external rotation of the shoulder in order to reduce the time required to activate these muscles.
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Westdorp, Clayton Mathew. "The Influence of Focal Knee Joint Cooling on Thigh Neuromechanical Function." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1556626975273872.
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Baysse, Arnaud. "Contributions à l'identification paramétrique de modèles à temps continu : extensions de la méthode à erreur de sortie, développement d'une approche spécifique aux systèmes à boucles imbriquées." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0047/document.
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Les travaux de recherche présentés dans ce mémoire concernent des contributions à l'identification paramétrique de modèles à temps continu. La première contribution est le développement d'une méthode à erreur de sortie appliquée à des modèles linéaires, en boucle ouverte et en boucle fermée. Les algorithmes sont présentés pour des modèles à temps continu, en utilisant une approche hors ligne ou récursive. La méthode est étendue à l'identification de systèmes linéaires comprenant un retard pur. La méthode développée est appliquée à différents systèmes et comparée aux méthodes d'identification existantes. La deuxième contribution est le développement d'une nouvelle approche d'identification de systèmes à boucles imbriquées. Cette approche est développée pour l'identification de systèmes électromécaniques. Elle se base sur l'utilisation d'un modèle d'identification paramétrique générique d'entraînements électromécaniques en boucle fermée, sur la connaissance du profil des lois de mouvement appliquées appelées excitations, et sur l'analyse temporelle de signaux internes et leurs corrélations avec les paramètres à identifier. L'approche est développée dans le cadre de l'identification d'entraînements à courant continu et synchrone. L'application de cette approche est effectuée au travers de simulations et de tests expérimentaux. Les résultats sont comparés à des méthodes d'identification classiques<br>The research works presented in this thesis are about contributions in continuous time model parametric identication. The rst work is the development of an output error method applied on linear models, in open and closed loop. The algorithms are presented for continuous time models, using in-line or oine approaches. The method is extended to the case of the linear systems containing pure time delay. The developed method is applied to several systems and compared to the best existing methods. The second contribution is the development of a new identication approach for cascaded loop systems. This approach is developed for identifying electromechanical systems. It is based on the use of a generic parametric model of electromechanical drives in closed loop, on the knowledge of the movement laws applied and called excitations, and on the analyse of the time internal signals and their correlations with the parameters to identify. This approach is developed for identifying direct current and synchronous drives. The approach is applied with simulations and experimental tests. The obtained results are compared to best identifying known methods
Book chapters on the topic "Electromechanical delay"
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Tuna, Gurkan, and Vehbi Cagri Gungor. "Micro-Electromechanical Systems for Underwater Environments." In Handbook of Research on Recent Developments in Intelligent Communication Application. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1785-6.ch020.
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Underwater networking technologies have brought us unforeseen ways to explore the unexplored aquatic environment and this way provided us with a large number of different kinds of applications for environmental, scientific, commercial, and military purposes. Although precise and continuous aquatic environment monitoring capability is highly important for various underwater applications, due to the unique characteristics of underwater networks such as low communication bandwidth, high error rate, node mobility, large propagation delay, and harsh underwater environmental conditions, existing solutions cannot be applied directly to underwater networks. Therefore, new solutions considering the unique features of underwater environment are highly demanded. In this chapter, the authors mainly focus on the use of wireless micro-electromechanical systems for underwater networks and present its advantages. In addition, the authors investigate the challenges and open research issues of wireless MEMS to provide an insight into future research opportunities.
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Cappato, Riccardo. "Primary prevention of sudden death in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy." In ESC CardioMed, edited by Gerhard Hindricks. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0554_update_001.
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In patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, the mechanisms of life-threatening arrhythmias are likely determined by subendocardial scarring, electrolyte unbalance, stretch-induced electrophysiological changes, autonomic impairment, conduction delay, or proarrhythmic effects of drug therapy. Sudden death may occur as a consequence of ventricular fibrillation, but electromechanical dissociation or bradycardia may also be a possible underlying cause. Most of the clinical characterization of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy is drawn from studies also enrolling patients with cardiomyopathies secondary to recognizable underlying conditions. Secular trends have improved the ability of early diagnosis, and the therapeutic strategies used to prevent sudden death. The role of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy for the primary prevention of all-cause mortality is controversial with some studies showing and others questioning the benefit of ICD in this population. revious randomized studies conducted in large heterogeneous populations showed that ICD therapy is beneficial and improves survival by about 30%. This therapy is currently recommended for all survivors of a near-fatal arrhythmia regardless of the underlying substrate.
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Cappato, Riccardo. "Primary prevention of sudden death in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy." In ESC CardioMed, edited by Gerhard Hindricks. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0554.
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Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by early ventricular enlargement and systolic contractile dysfunction with congestive heart failure not secondary to recognizable causes. Symptoms of congestive heart failure develop at a later stage, usually between 18 and 50 years of age, although they may occasionally occur earlier as a first manifestation of the underlying disease. Mechanisms of life-threatening arrhythmias are facilitated by subendocardial scarring, electrolyte unbalance, stretch-induced electrophysiological changes, autonomic impairment, conduction delay, or proarrhythmic effects of drug therapy. Sudden death may occur as a consequence of ventricular fibrillation, but electromechanical dissociation or bradycardia may also be a possible underlying cause. Most of the clinical characterization of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy is drawn from studies also enrolling patients with cardiomyopathies secondary to variable underlying conditions. Secular trends have improved the ability of early diagnosis, and the therapeutic strategies used to prevent sudden death. Among them are angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, beta blockers, and mineralocorticoids/aldosterone receptor antagonists. The role of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy for the primary prevention of all-cause mortality is controversial with some studies showing and others questioning the benefit of ICD in this population. Survivors of near-fatal arrhythmias have a high risk of recurrence, which may often be fatal. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy contributes to less than 15% of all such patients. Previous randomized studies conducted in large heterogeneous populations showed that ICD therapy is beneficial and improves survival by about 30%. This therapy is currently recommended for all survivors of a near-fatal arrhythmia regardless of the underlying substrate.
Conference papers on the topic "Electromechanical delay"
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Salloum, Rafik, Bijan Moaveni, and Mohammad Reza Arvan. "Robust position control design for an electromechanical actuator with time delay." In 2014 22nd Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iraniancee.2014.6999722.
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Zhang, Bo, and Dandan Ma. "Flight Delay Prediciton at an Airport Using Maching Learning." In 2020 5th International Conference on Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation (ICECTT). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icectt50890.2020.00128.
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Viorica, Sudacevschi, Ababii Victor, Calugari Dmitri, and Bordian Dimitrie. "Time delay evaluation in printed circuit boards based on timed hard Petri nets." In 2017 International Conference on Electromechanical and Power Systems (SIELMEN). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sielmen.2017.8123292.
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Shi, Zhimiao, Qingyu Luo, and Shiyin Zhang. "Delay Estimation and Application Conditions of Two-Legged Continuous Flow Intersection." In 2019 4th International Conference on Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation (ICECTT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icectt.2019.00019.
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Ubeda, A., A. Del Vecchio, M. Sartori, et al. "Electromechanical delay in the tibialis anterior muscle during time-varying ankle dorsiflexion." In 2017 International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icorr.2017.8009223.
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Sharma, N. "A predictor-based compensation for electromechanical delay during neuromuscular electrical stimulation-II." In 2012 American Control Conference - ACC 2012. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2012.6315017.
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Qiu, Tianyi, Naji Alibeji, and Nitin Sharma. "Robust compensation of electromechanical delay during neuromuscular electrical stimulation of antagonistic muscles." In 2016 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2016.7526124.
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Conforto, S., P. Mathieu, M. Schmid, D. Bibbo, J. R. Florestal, and T. D'Alessio. "How much can we trust the electromechanical delay estimated by using electromyography?" In Conference Proceedings. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2006.4397637.
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Conforto, S., P. Mathieu, M. Schmid, D. Bibbo, J. R. Florestal, and T. D'Alessio. "How much can we trust the electromechanical delay estimated by using electromyography?" In Conference Proceedings. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2006.259335.
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Chakrabarty, Navoneel. "A Data Mining Approach to Flight Arrival Delay Prediction for American Airlines." In 2019 9th Annual Information Technology, Electromechanical Engineering and Microelectronics Conference (IEMECON). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iemeconx.2019.8876970.
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