Academic literature on the topic 'Electron dose'

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Journal articles on the topic "Electron dose"

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Solin, J. R. "Electron collision dose enhancement." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 47, no. 6 (2000): 2447–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/23.903791.

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Dubeau, J., and J. Sun. "ELECTRON EYE-LENS OPERATIONAL DOSE COEFFICIENTS." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 188, no. 3 (January 30, 2020): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncz295.

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Abstract In 2012, the International Commission on Radiological Protection issued a recommendation for a reduced annual eye-lens dose limit in the face of mounting evidence of the risk of cataract induction. This led to worldwide research efforts in various areas including the dose simulation in realistic eye-models, the production of dosimeters and the elaboration of protection and operation fluence to eye-lens dose coefficients. In this last case, much efforts have been expanded with regards to photon operational coefficients for Hp (3) but much less for electron radiation. In this work, Hp (3) coefficients for electrons are presented following simulations using MCNP and compared to those that are available in the literature. It is found that, at energies of 1 MeV and less, Hp (3) coefficients depend strongly on the selected electron transport options and on the dose tally volume. The effect of these differences is demonstrated for two beta emitters.
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Kundmann, Michael K., Ondrej L. Krivanek, and J. M. Martin. "Minimum-dose electron energy-loss spectroscopy." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 634–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100105230.

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Parallel-detection electron energy-loss spectrometers have greatly reduced the irradiation doses needed to acquire electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) data. This raises the possibility that changes in chemical bonding due to radiation damage, which usually precede changes in composition, may be studied by examining alterations in low-loss and core-edge fine structure with increasing dose.The quality of data attainable with low-doses in parallel-detection EELS is illustrated by Fig. 1, which shows the K-edge region for a thin amorphous carbon film. This spectrum was collected in 2sec with a 1pm-diameter probe at 100kV in (microscope) diffraction mode. A 20cm camera length ensured that virtually all scattered electrons passed through the 3mm entrance aperture of the spectrometer. Spectrum dispersion is 3eV/channel and the energy resolution is ∼1eV/channel as the π* peak is clearly resolved. The total incident current, as determined in image mode (no objective aperture) from the viewing-screen meter, was only 40pA. The total dose for this K-edge spectrum was consequently only 6.4e-/Å2.
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Harmon, RT, S. Meyer, CR Booth, and J. Wilbrink. "Simplifying Minimum Dose Electron Tomography." Microscopy and Microanalysis 15, S2 (July 2009): 626–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927609095208.

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Klein, Holger, and Stéphanie Kodjikian. "Low-dose electron diffraction tomography." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 74, a2 (August 22, 2018): e312-e313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273318090496.

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Toossi, Mohammad Taghi Bahreyni, Mahdi Ghorbani, Leila Sobhkhiz Sabet, Fateme Akbari, and Mohammad Mehrpouyan. "A Monte Carlo study on dose enhancement and photon contamination production by various nanoparticles in electron mode of a medical linac." Nukleonika 60, no. 3 (July 1, 2015): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nuka-2015-0087.

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Abstract The aim of this study is the evaluation of electron dose enhancement and photon contamination production by various nanoparticles in the electron mode of a medical linac. MCNPX Monte Carlo code was used for simulation of Siemens Primus linac as well as a phantom and a tumor loaded with nanoparticles. Electron dose enhancement by Au, Ag, I and Fe2O3 nanoparticles of 7, 18 and 30 mg/ml concentrations for 8, 12 and 14 MeV electrons was calculated. The increase in photon contamination due to the presence of the nanoparticles was evaluated as well. The above effects were evaluated for 500 keV and 10 keV energy cut-offs defined for electrons and photons. For 500 keV energy cut-off, there was no significant electron dose enhancement. However, for 10 keV energy cut-off, a maximum electron dose enhancement factor of 1.08 was observed for 30 mg/ml of gold nanoparticles with 8 MeV electrons. An increase in photon contamination due to nanoparticles was also observed which existed mainly inside the tumor. A maximum photon dose increase factor of 1.07 was observed inside the tumor with Au nanoparticles. Nanoparticles can be used for the enhancement of electron dose in the electron mode of a linac. Lower energy electron beams, and nanoparticles with higher atomic number, can be of greater benefit in this field. Photons originating from nanoparticles will increase the photon dose inside the tumor, and will be an additional advantage of the use of nanoparticles in radiotherapy with electron beams.
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Fragopoulou, M., M. Zamani, S. Siskos, T. Laopoulos, V. Konstantakos, and G. Sarrabayrouse. "A Study of the Response of Depleted Type p-MOSFETs to Electron Doses." HNPS Proceedings 24 (April 1, 2019): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.1859.

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A study of depleted pMOSFETs characteristics performed with electrons, at energies ranging from 6 to 15 MeV delivered by Linac medical accelerator. The depleted pMOSFETs present high sensitivity to electron doses. Linear threshold voltage shift with dose was measured for all the electron’s energies studied. A small decrease of the response was observed with dose rate during irradiations which can be attributed to ELDRS effects.
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Song, Jiamei, Biying Song, Liqi Zou, Christopher Allen, Hidetaka Sawada, Fucai Zhang, Xiaoqing Pan, Angus I. Kirkland, and Peng Wang. "Fast and Low-dose Electron Ptychography." Microscopy and Microanalysis 24, S1 (August 2018): 224–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927618001617.

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Voelkl, Edgar, Rodney Herring, Benjamin Bammes, and David Hoyle. "Low Dose Electron Holography: First Steps." Microscopy and Microanalysis 21, S3 (August 2015): 1951–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927615010533.

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D'Alfonso, A. J., L. J. Allen, H. Sawada, and A. I. Kirkland. "Dose-dependent high-resolution electron ptychography." Journal of Applied Physics 119, no. 5 (February 7, 2016): 054302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4941269.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electron dose"

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Courteau, Pierre. "Electron arc therapy dose calculation using the angle-b concept." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=57004.

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A computer program was developed during the course of this work to calculate electron arc dose distributions with the angle $ beta$ concept. The angle $ beta$ uniquely describes the dependence of radial percentage depth doses an electron arc therapy on the nominal field width, isocenter depth, and virtual source-axis distance. The $ beta$ concept can be used in clinical situations to determine the field width when the isocenter depth and the required radial percentage depth dose are known. This thesis presents an overview of the physical properties of electron arc therapy and describes in detail the angle $ beta$ pseudo-arc technique used at McGill. A description of the algorithms used in the computer program is given the $ beta$ technique is compared to measurements and other calculation methods.
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Bernshteyn, Aleksandr 1975. "High speed electron-beam dose modulation by electrostatic quadra-deflection." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80053.

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Thesis (S.B. and M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-49).
by Aleksandr Bernshteyn.
S.B.and M.Eng.
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Chan, Kin Wa (Karl), University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Computing and Information Technology. "Lateral electron disequilibrium in radiation therapy." THESIS_CSTE_CIT_Chan_K.xml, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/538.

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The radiation dose in radiation therapy is mainly measured by ion chamber. The ion chamber measurement will not be accurate if there is not enough phantom material surrounding the ion chamber to provide the electron equilibrium condition. The lack of electron equilibrium will cause a reduction of dose. This may introduce problems in treatment planning. Because some planning algorithms cannot predict the reduction, they over estimate the dose in the region. Electron disequilibrium will happen when the radiation field size is too small or the density of irradiated material is too low to provide sufficient electrons going into the dose volume. The amount of tissue required to provide electron equilibrium in a 6MV photon beam by three methods: direct calculation from Klein-Nisina equation, measurement in low density material phantom and a Monte Carlo simulation is done to compare with the measurement, an indirect method from a planning algorithm which does not provide an accurate result under lateral electron disequilibrium. When the error starts to happen in such planning algorithm, we know that the electron equilibrium conditions does not exist. Only the 6MV photon beam is investigated. This is because in most cases, a 6MV small fields are used for head and neck (larynx cavity) and 6MV fields are commonly used for lung to minimise uncertainity due to lateral electron at higher energies.
Master of Science (Hons)
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OLIVEIRA, CAMILA T. de. "Desenvolvimento de uma metodologia para calibração de câmaras de ionização de placas paralelas em feixes de raios X de energia baixa em termos de dose absorvida em água." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2015. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/26083.

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Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2016-04-08T12:56:51Z No. of bitstreams: 0
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-08T12:56:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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Pelz, Philipp M. [Verfasser], and R. J. Dwayne [Akademischer Betreuer] Miller. "Low-dose computational phase contrast transmission electron microscopy via electron ptychography / Philipp M. Pelz ; Betreuer: R.J. Dwayne Miller." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1173899243/34.

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Doucet, Robert. "Experimental verification of Monte Carlo calculated dose distributions for clinical electron beams." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33750.

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Current electron beam treatment planning algorithms are inadequate to calculate dose distributions in heterogeneous phantoms. Fast Monte Carlo algorithms are accurate in general but their clinical implementation needs validation. Calculations of electron beam dose distributions performed using the fast Monte Carlo system XVMC and the well-benchmarked general-purpose Monte Carlo code EGSnrc were compared with measurements. Irradiations were performed using the 9 MeV and 15 MeV beams from the Clinac 18 accelerator with standard conditions. Percent depth doses and lateral profiles were measured with thermoluminescent dosimeter and electron diode respectively. The accelerator was modelled using EGS4/BEAM, and using an experiment-based beam model. All measurements were corrected by EGSnrc calculated stopping power ratios. Overall, the agreement between measurement and calculation is excellent. Small remaining discrepancies can be attributed to the non-equivalence between physical and simulated lung material, precision in energy tuning, beam model parameters optimisation and detector fluence perturbation effects.
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Chan, Gordon Ho-Chi. "Beta and electron dose imaging using a microspectrophotometer system and radiochromic film." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0030/NQ66259.pdf.

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Chan, Gordon H. "Beta and electron dose imaging using a microspectrophotometer system and radiochromic film /." *McMaster only, 1999.

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Xing, Aitang. "Dosimetric Investigation of Electron Arc Therapy Delivered Using Siemens Electron Arc Applicator with a Trapezoidal Aperture." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Physics and Astronomy, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1486.

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This study investigated the delivery of electron arc treatment with a trapezoidal aperture. The aim of the investigation is to reduce the nonuniformity of the dose distribution, which is caused by the variation of the patient contour from superior to inferior. The characteristics of static electron beam were first investigated. Then a measurement-based algorithm was developed and implemented as a computer program called EarcMU to calculate the monitor units required for delivering the prescribed dose with a trapezoidal aperture. The central axis percentage depth dose was found to be independent of source-to-surface distance (SSD) and the width of the aperture. The inplane profiles of a trapezoidal aperture show that the dose decreases longitudinally from the wide to the narrow end of the trapezoidal aperture. The EarcMU program was verified using two cylindrical water phantoms. The measured dose and the dose calculated by the program agreed within 2.1% in the typical clinical conditions. A simple method was also proposed for determining the trapezoidal aperture for an individual patient. Under the same conditions, the trapezoidal apertures calculated by this method along with the open aperture were used to deliver treatments to several conical phantoms. Significant improvement in the uniformity of dose distribution was observed. On average, the flatness index of the longitudinal dose distribution from superior to inferior decreases dramatically from 8% for open aperture down to 0.58% for trapezoidal aperture. The results are clinically significant, indicating that delivering the electron arc treatment using a trapezoidal aperture can bring more uniform dose to the patient regardless of the change of patient contour from superior to inferior.
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Uushona, Ndeshihafela Vera. "The effect of silicone gel breast prosthesis on the electron beam dose distribution." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/253.

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Thesis --(MSc. (Medical Physics)), 2009.
Introduction The primary role of breast cancer treatment with radiation is to deliver a sufficient radiation dose to the cancer cells without unduly causing biological damage to the healthy tissues. For over 50 years, electron beam therapy has been an important modality for providing an accurate dose of radiation to superficial cancers and disease and for limiting the dose to underlying normal tissues and structures in particular to boost the dose to the tumour bed and surgical scars after mastectomy. The Monte Carlo code MCNP5 was used to determine the effect of silicone gel breast prosthesis on the electron beam dose distribution. Materials and Method Percentage depth dose curves (PDD) for 6, 9, 12, and 15 MeV electron energies along the electron central axis depth dose distributions in a water phantom and with silicone prosthesis immersed in a water phantom were simulated using MCNP5. In order to establish the accuracy of the MCNP5 code, the depth dose curves obtained using MCNP5 were compared against the measured depth dose curves obtained from the Varian 2100C linear accelerator. The simulated depth dose curves with silicone prosthesis immersed in water were compared to the measured depth dose curves with the vi silicone prosthesis in water. The dose at the interface of the prosthesis with water was measured using thermoluminiscent dosimeters. Results The simulated and measured depth dose curve and the investigated dosimetric parameters are within 2%. Simulations in the presence of silicone showed a decrease in dose as the at the interface as the beam passes from the prosthesis to water for most energies however, for 15 MeV beam there is an increase in dose at the interface between the prosthesis and water and this was verified by physical measurements. Conclusion There were good correlations between the measured and MCNP simulated depth dose curve. Differences were in order of 2%. Small deviations occurred due to the fact that the simulations assumed a monoenergetic beam that exits the accelerator head, while in the measured results the beam exiting from the accelerator head includes scatted radiation from the collimators and the applicator. The presence of the prosthesis does not perturb the electron beam central axis depth dose curve however, the 15 MeV beam enhanced the dose in front of the interface between the prosthesis and water. Despite the limitations mentioned above MCNP5 results agree reasonably with the measured results. Hence, MCNP5 can be very useful in simulating electron percentage depth dose data.
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Books on the topic "Electron dose"

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Long, Edward R. Absorbed dose thresholds and absorbed dose rate limitations for studies of electron radiation effects on polyetherimides. Hampton, Va: Langley Research Center, 1989.

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Dooley, M. A. Rat phantom depth dose studies in electron, X-ray, gamma-ray, and reactor radiation fields. Bethesda, Md: Defense Nuclear Agency, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 1986.

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Seltzer, Stephen M. Technical progress report on predictions of dose from electrons in space ... [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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Card, David E. Does voting technology affect election outcomes?: Touch-screen voting and the 2004 presidential election. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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Card, David E. Does voting technology affect election outcomes?: Touch screen voting and the 2004 presidential election. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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Görg, Holger. Does outsourcing increase profitability? Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2004.

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State), Mexico (Mexico :. Código electoral del Estado de México: Dos mil doce 2012. Toluca, Mexico: IEEM, Instituto Electoral del Estado de México, 2012.

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Using MS-DOS Kermit: Connecting your PC to the electronic world. 2nd ed. Bedford, MA: Digital Press, 1992.

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Gianone, Christine M. Using MS-DOS Kermit: Connecting your PC to the electronic world. Bedford, MA: Digital Press, 1990.

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Gianone, Christine M. Using MS-DOS Kermit: Connecting your PC to the electronic world. Bedford, MA: Digital Press, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Electron dose"

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Jette, David. "Electron Beam Dose Calculations." In Radiation Therapy Physics, 95–121. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03107-0_5.

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Fujiyoshi, Yoshinori. "Low Dose Techniques and Cryo-Electron Microscopy." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 103–18. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-176-9_6.

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Deng, Jun, Steve B. Jiang, Todd Pawlicki, Jinsheng Li, and C. M. Ma. "Electron Beam Commissioning for Monte Carlo Dose Calculation." In The Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, 431–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59758-9_163.

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Martin, David C., Kevin R. Schaffer, and Edwin L. Thomas. "Maximum Entropy Reconstruction of Low Dose, High Resolution Electron Microscope Images." In Electron Crystallography of Organic Molecules, 129–45. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3278-7_10.

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Nag, Subir, Leonard L. Gunderson, Christopher G. Willett, Louis B. Harrison, and Felipe A. Calvo. "Intraoperative Irradiation with Electron-Beam or High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy." In Intraoperative Irradiation, 111–30. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-696-6_7.

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Boyd, Robert, and Kenneth R. Hogstrom. "A Measured Data Set for Evaluating Electron Beam Dose Algorithms." In The Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, 231–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59758-9_87.

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Yasuda, H., A. Tanaka, H. Usui, Hirotaro Mori, and Jung Goo Lee. "Electron Dose Rate Dependence of Phase Separation Induced by Electronic Excitation in GaSb Nanoparticles." In Solid State Phenomena, 141–46. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-33-7.141.

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Nag, Subir, Christopher G. Willett, Leonard L. Gunderson, Louis B. Harrison, Felipe A. Calvo, and Peter Biggs. "IORT with Electron-Beam, High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy or Low-KV/Electronic Brachytherapy: Methodological Comparisons." In Intraoperative Irradiation, 99–115. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-015-7_6.

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Nag, S., J. Mills, E. Martin, C. Bauer, and J. Grecula. "IORT Using High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy or Electron Beam for Colorectal Carcinoma." In Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology, 238–42. Basel: KARGER, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000061174.

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Inoue, Kazuhiko, Ichiro Yamaguchi, and Masahiro Natsuhori. "Preliminary Study on Electron Spin Resonance Dosimetry Using Affected Cattle Teeth Due to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident." In Low-Dose Radiation Effects on Animals and Ecosystems, 165–77. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8218-5_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Electron dose"

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Nicholls, Daniel. "Distributing the Electron Dose to Minimise Electron Beam Damage in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy." In European Microscopy Congress 2020. Royal Microscopical Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22443/rms.emc2020.159.

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Zhang, Guoqing, Xuexin Wang, Jiangang Zhang, Dajie Zhuang, Chaoduan Li, and Fan Gao. "Electron and Beta Dose Rates of UO2 Pellet and Fuel Rod." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15219.

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The isotopes of uranium and their daughter nuclides inside the UO2 pellet emit mono-energetic electrons and beta rays, which generate rather high dose rate near the UO2 pellet and could cause exposure to workers. In this work calculations of electron dose rates have been carried out with Monte Carlo codes, MCNPX and Geant4, for a UO2 pellet and a fuel rod. Comparisons between calculations and measurements have been carried out to verify the calculation results. The results could be used to estimate the dose produced by electrons and beta rays, which could be used to make optimization for radiation protection purpose.
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Leo, Maria Grazia, Nicola Perna, Enza Carioggia, Franco Balacco, Roberto Maria Bernardi, and Pasquale Tamborra. "Evaluation of a commercial electron Monte Carlo dose calculation algorithm for electron beams." In 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memea.2011.5966772.

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Hanapiah, M. M. A., Y. K. Sin, K. Ibrahim, H. B. Senin, G. Carini, J. B. Abdullah, and D. A. Bradley. "The Effect Of Dose Exposure In Electron Beam Lithography." In CURRENT ISSUES OF PHYSICS IN MALAYSIA: National Physics Conference 2007 - PERFIK 2007. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2940684.

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Kumar, P., C. Watts, T. Svimonishvili, M. Gilmore, and E. Schamiloglu. "Characterization of the Dose Effect in Secondary Electron Emission." In 2007 IEEE Pulsed Power Plasma Science Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ppps.2007.4345836.

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Fernandez-Martinez, P., I. Cortes, S. Hidalgo, D. Flores, and F. R. Palomo. "Simulation of Total Ionising Dose in MOS capacitors." In 2011 Spanish Conference on Electron Devices (CDE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sced.2011.5744251.

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Picos, R., N. P. Papadopoulos, Czang-Ho Lee, A. Lopez-Grifol, M. Roca, E. Isern, William S. Wong, and E. Garcia-Moreno. "Low dose radiation effects on a-Si:H TFTs." In 2015 10th Spanish Conference on Electron Devices (CDE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cde.2015.7087501.

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Yan, Weiliang, Jing Wang, and Jianwei Chi. "A Verification Method for Electron Beam Dose Calculations in Radiotherapy." In 2019 12th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, BioMedical Engineering and Informatics (CISP-BMEI). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisp-bmei48845.2019.8965706.

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Guhathakurata, Shrabani, Sanatan Chattopadhyay, and Mainak Palit. "Optimization of electron beam dose for reliable nanoscale growth template formation in electron beam lithography system." In 2018 International Symposium on Devices, Circuits and Systems (ISDCS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isdcs.2018.8379635.

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Serebrennikov, Maksim, Artem Poloskov, and Ivan Egorov. "Dose Depth Distribution of Pulsed Electron Beam with Wide Electron Kinetic Energy Spectrum for Polyethylene Target." In 2020 7th International Congress on Energy Fluxes and Radiation Effects (EFRE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/efre47760.2020.9241894.

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Reports on the topic "Electron dose"

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Swanson, W. P. Neutron dose equivalent at electron storage rings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6201780.

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Largent, Billy Thomas, Trevor John Burris-Mog, and David C. Moir. DOSECALCX, A Bremsstrahlung Radiation Dose Code for Electron Beam Targets. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1485362.

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Bolch, W. E., and J. W. Sr Poston. Considerations of beta and electron transport in internal dose calculations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6067021.

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Bolch, W. E., and J. W. Sr Poston. Considerations of beta and electron transport in internal dose calculations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6067078.

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Bolch, W. E. Considerations of beta and electron transport in internal dose calculations. Progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/61688.

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McKeown, J., B. Segelke, M. Coleman, J. Roehling, and M. Shelby. Imaging Macromolecular Structural Dynamics with Low-Dose, Time-Resolved Transmission Electron Microscopy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1572620.

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Holahan, Patricia K., and Martin L. Meltz. Survival of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Following Ultrahigh Dose Rate Electron and Bremsstrahlung Radiation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada222722.

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Bolch, W. E. Considerations of beta and electron transport in internal dose calculations. Final progress report, 1994--1998. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/334248.

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Desrosiers, M. F. Experimental assessment of absorbed dose to mineralized bone tissue from internal emitters: An electron paramagnetic resonance study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/208351.

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Aalbers, A. H. L., M.-T. Hoornaert, A. Minken, H. Palmans, M. W. H. Pieksma, L. A. De Prez, N. Reynaert, S. Vynckier, and F. W. Wittkämper. NCS Report 18: Code of practice for the absorbed dose determination in high energy photon and electron beams. Delft: NCS, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.25030/ncs-018.

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