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Journal articles on the topic 'Electron irradiations'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Girard-Perier, Nina, Samuel Dorey, Sylvain R. A. Marque, and Nathalie Dupuy. "Mapping the scientific research on the ionizing radiation impacts on polymers (1975–2019)." e-Polymers 21, no. 1 (2021): 770–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2021-0065.

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Abstract A bibliometric approach allowed us to study the global research trend on the impact of ionizing irradiations on polymers from 1975 to 2019. The investigation revealed 1,015 publications with growing interest since 1990. The research is split into three main categories: polymer science, nuclear science technology, and chemistry physical. The three main ionizing irradiations studied in this research are gamma, electron beam, and X-ray irradiations. The impact of ionizing irradiations on polymers under gamma irradiation is the most commonly studied field with 578 publications among the 1

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2

Kenik, E. A., and M. Nastasi. "Disordering and phase decomposition of a nickel-aluminum intermetallic under lowtemperature electron irradiation." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 774–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010010593x.

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In situ electron irradiations at 300 and 1000 kV have been performed at 100 and 300 K on Ni2Al3 for comparison with its response under ion irradiation. In addition, the behavior of Ni2Al3 will be compared to that of NiAl3 reported previously. Thin multilayered films of alternating nickel and aluminum were electron beam deposited onto a NaCl substrate. The substrate was dissolved in deionized water and the Ni/Al film was mounted on 3 mm diam grids. The films were vacuum annealed for 1—2 h at 623 K to allow interdiffusion between the layers. Electron diffraction indicated that the films were fin

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3

Tripathi, S. K., Jagdish Kaur, R. Ridhi, Kriti Sharma, and Ramneek Kaur. "Radiation Induced Effects on Properties of Semiconducting Nanomaterials." Solid State Phenomena 239 (August 2015): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.239.1.

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The irradiation of nanomaterials with energetic particles has significant effects on the properties of target materials. In addition to the well-known detrimental effects of irradiations, they have also some beneficial effects on the properties of nanomaterials. Irradiation effect can change the morphology of the materials in a controlled manner and tailor their mechanical, structural, optical and electrical properties. Irradiation induced modifications in the properties of nanomaterials can be exploited for many useful applications. With the aim of getting better performance of electronic dev

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4

Fogt, Joseph, Hope Weeda, Trevor Harrison, Nolan Miles та Kyuil Cho. "Effect of Proton Irradiation on Thin-Film YBa2Cu3O7−δ Superconductor". Materials 17, № 18 (2024): 4601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17184601.

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We investigated the effect of 0.6 MeV proton irradiation on the superconducting and normal-state properties of thin-film YBa2Cu3O7−δ superconductors. A thin-film YBCO superconductor (≈567 nm thick) was subject to a series of proton irradiations with a total fluence of 7.6×1016 p/cm2. Upon irradiation, Tc was drastically decreased from 89.3 K towards zero with a corresponding increase in the normal-state resistivity above Tc. This increase in resistivity, which indicates an increase in defects inside the thin-film sample, can be converted to the dimensionless scattering rate. We found that the

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5

Oppermann, Frank, and Sumiko Tsukamoto. "portable system of X-ray irradiation and heating for electron spin resonance (ESR) dating." Ancient TL 33, no. 1 (2015): 11–15. https://doi.org/10.26034/la.atl.2015.485.

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In this study we present details of a portable system which contains an X-ray source and heater, designed to irradiate and heat samples within a quartz glass tube for electron spin resonance (ESR) dating. The spatial distribution of the X-ray beam was measured with a radiation sensitive film and the images were scanned and mapped using the Risoescan software. The reproducibility of irradiations was checked by multiple irradiations to alanine. The results confirmed that X-ray irradiations give reproducible doses to samples. The heating component can heat samples between 100◦C and 600◦C and can

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Kinoshita, Hisao, Benfu Hu, and H. Takahashi. "Effect of Helium and Aging Treatment on Radiation Damage Behavior in Low Activation Fe-Cr-Mn (W, V) Alloy." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 1455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.1455.

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The effects of helium and aging treatment on radiation damage behavior in low activation Fe-Cr-Mn ( W, V) alloy were investigated by electron and helium ion dual-beam irradiation in a high voltage electron microscope. Specimens were aged at 673 K, 823 K and 923 K for 1000, 3000 and 10000 hours. Electron and He ion dual-beam irradiations were performed at 627 K to 10 dpa. M23C6 type carbides were precipitated in the aged specimens, and the amount of the precipitates was increased with increasing aging temperature and aging time. He bubbles were formed during dual-beam irradiation in all of the

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7

Mifsud, Duncan V., Péter Herczku, Béla Sulik, et al. "Proton and Electron Irradiations of CH4:H2O Mixed Ices." Atoms 11, no. 2 (2023): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atoms11020019.

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The organic chemistry occurring in interstellar environments may lead to the production of complex molecules that are relevant to the emergence of life. Therefore, in order to understand the origins of life itself, it is necessary to probe the chemistry of carbon-bearing molecules under conditions that simulate interstellar space. Several of these regions, such as dense molecular cores, are exposed to ionizing radiation in the form of galactic cosmic rays, which may act as an important driver of molecular destruction and synthesis. In this paper, we report the results of a comparative and syst

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8

Girard-Perier, Nina, Sylvain R. A. Marque, Nathalie Dupuy, Blanche Krieguer, and Samuel Dorey. "Gamma, E-Beam and X-ray Irradiations on PE/EVOH/PE Multilayer Film: An Industrial Point of View Regarding the Impact on Mechanical Properties." Polymers 15, no. 13 (2023): 2799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15132799.

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X-ray and electron-beam (E-beam) sterilization technologies were assessed to supplement gamma sterilization, the most common radiation technology used today for biopharmaceutical product sterilization. The mechanical properties of a PE/EVOH/PE film were studied using tensile tests and dynamical mechanical analysis after each irradiation technology (i.e., gamma, electron beam and X-ray irradiations). The effects of each irradiation were compared using two statistical methods. The results indicate that the three irradiation technologies induce no difference in mechanical properties in the invest

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9

Nanko, Makoto, Nguyen Thi Nguyen, Phanuwat Khlaisongkhram, et al. "Electron Irradiation of Self-Healing and Internal Ooxidation of Self-Healing Ceramics." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 14 (2024): 1591. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02141591mtgabs.

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Influence of electron irradiation on self-healing and internal oxidation was studied in the present work. Usage of self-healing ceramics are very useful to improve anti-accident performance of nuclear power plants. However self-healing performance of their structural ceramics may be affected with any irradiations of several radioactive rays such as electrons, neutrons and gamma-ray. Two self-healing ceramics, alumina ceramics dispersed with nickel particles (Ni/Al2O3) and yttrium silicate ceramics dispersed with silicon carbide particles (SiC/YSiO) were selected as the samples to study the inf

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10

Frederiksen, Anders Tobias, Morten Bjørn Jensen, Per Rugaard Poulsen, Niels Bassler, Brita Singers Sørensen, and Mateusz Sitarz. "Evaluation of in vitro irradiation setup: Designed for the horizontal beamline at the Danish Centre for Particle Therapy." Acta Oncologica 63 (February 13, 2024): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/1651-226x.2024.19657.

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Background: Radiobiological experimental setups are challenged by precise sample positioning along depth dose profile, scattering conditions, and practical difficulties that must be addressed in individual designs. The aim of this study was to produce cell survival curves with several irradiation modalities, by using a setup designed at the Danish Centre for Particle Therapy (DCPT) for in vitro proton irradiations using a horizontal beam line and thereby evaluating the setups use for in vitro irradiations experiments. Materials and methods: The setup is a water phantom suitable for in vitro re

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11

KAYA, Şenol. "An investigation on quantitative detector characteristics of novel flexible skin dosimeter using Monte Carlo simulation method." Journal of New Results in Science 11, no. 2 (2022): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.54187/jnrs.1103993.

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Novel lead oxide-based flexible dosimeters with superior performance were experimentally tested for electron therapy. However, absorbed/transmitted primary particle fraction and secondary radiation distribution from the dosimeter surface have not been reported. These features should be specified to improve the dosimeter’s reliability for medical applications. Hence, the absorbed primary particle fraction, transmitted particle and secondary radiations distributions of lead oxide-based flexible skin dosimeter under the incident 6 MeV electron radiation have been investigated by pyPenelope Monte

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12

Niwase, Keisuke. "Self-Organized Nanostructures Generated on Metal Surfaces under Electron Irradiation." Quantum Beam Science 5, no. 1 (2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/qubs5010004.

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Irradiation of high-energy electrons can produce surface vacancies on the exit surface of thin foils by the sputtering of atoms. Although the sputtering randomly occurs in the area irradiated with an intense electron beam of several hundred nanometers in diameter, characteristic topographic features can appear under irradiation. This paper reviews a novel phenomenon on a self-organization of nanogrooves and nanoholes generated on the exit surface of thin metal foils irradiated with high doses of 360–1250 keV electrons. The phenomenon was discovered firstly for gold irradiated at temperatures a

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13

Provost, J., Ch Simon, M. Hervieu, et al. "Swift, Heavy Ions in Insulating and Conducting Oxides: Tracks and Physical Properties." MRS Bulletin 20, no. 12 (1995): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400045863.

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Transition metal oxides belong to the class of iono-covalent materials in which electrons are, to first order, localized in tight metal-oxygen bonds. They appear to be quite different from classical metals in which electrons are assumed to be delocalized in a free electron gas. Nevertheless, due to exchange interactions and hybridization of atomic orbitals, oxides exhibit many interesting physical properties like magnetic ordering and various electron transport properties that extend from wide gap insulators to narrow band conductors and high-temperature superconducting (HTS) superconductors.

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14

Roy, T., K. Sickafus, F. W. Clinard, and T. E. Mitchell. "Electron radiation damage in YBa2Cu3O7." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (August 6, 1989): 184–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100152896.

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Some potential applications of high temperature superconductors involve radiation environments with possible deleterious effects on properties. In addition, radiation introduces point defects and defect clusters which could possibly pin flux lines and raise the critical current density. The present research was undertaken to characterize the damage produced by electrons in situ by TEM.Thin specimens of YBa2Cu3O7 were prepared either by crushing or by ion-milling. Irradiations and observations were performed in either a Philips EM400T at 120kV, a Philips CM30 at 300kV, or a JEM2000EX at 200kV.T

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15

Liu, Yang, Tengfei Zhu, Jianxi Yao, and Xiaoping Ouyang. "Simulation of Radiation Damage for Silicon Drift Detector." Sensors 19, no. 8 (2019): 1767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19081767.

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Silicon drift detector with high sensitivity and energy resolution is an advanced detector which is suitable to be used in deep space detection. To study and reveal the radiation damage of the silicon drift detector (SDD) in a deep-space environment, which will degrade the detector performance, in this paper, the SDD radiation damage effects and mechanics, including displacement damage and ionization damage, for irradiations of different energy of neutrons and gammas are investigated using Geant4 simulation. The results indicate the recoil atoms distribution generated by neutrons in SDD is uni

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16

Eridon, James, Gary S. Was, and Lynn Rehn. "A thermodynamic and kinetic basis for understanding metastable phase formation during ion-beam mixing of nickel-aluminum alloys." Journal of Materials Research 3, no. 4 (1988): 626–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1988.0626.

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A quantitative thermodynamic explanation for the formation of metastable phases in the nickel-aluminum alloy system through heavy-ion irradiation is presented. The role of kinetics in the transformation to a metastable state is also investigated. Experiments involved the irradiation of both layered nickel-aluminum samples and ordered intermetallic compounds with 500 keV krypton ions over a range of temperatures and compositions. Samples were formed by alternate evaporation of layers of nickel and aluminum. A portion of these samples was subsequently annealed to form intermetallic compounds. Ir

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17

Abdullah, Yusof, Anati Syahirah Hedzir, Nurul Fadzlin Hasbullah, Norasmahan Muridan, Cik Rohaida Che Hak, and Sarimah Mahat. "Radiation Damage Study of Electrical Properties in GaN LEDs Diode after Electron Irradiation." Materials Science Forum 888 (March 2017): 348–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.888.348.

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Nitride-based light emitting diodes (LEDs) is an attractive material due to its high temperature tolerance and suitable to be used in extreme environment. The irradiation process of Gallium Nitride (GaN) diode was carried out by electron irradiation with 1000 kGy and 1500 kGy doses with a conveyor speed of 50 kGy per pass. Capacitance-voltage (C-V) and current-voltage (I-V) characterization for both pre and post irradiation samples was done. Both current and capacitance show decreasing while reverse leakage current increased after irradiation. The reverse leakage current revealed that the curr

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18

Barthe, Marie France, L. Henry, S. Arpiainen, and G. Blondiaux. "Electron Irradiation Induced Vacancy Defects Detected by Positron Annihilation in 6H-SiC." Materials Science Forum 483-485 (May 2005): 473–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.483-485.473.

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This paper presents positron lifetime results which give information on the nature of vacancy defects induced by electron irradiation in bulk nitrogen doped (nD-nA= 2.3x1017 cm-3) Cree 6H-SiC. The electron irradiations have been performed at different energies and with different fluences from 5􀂗1017 e-cm-2 to 3􀂗1018 e-cm-2. Positron lifetime have been measured with a 22NaCl source as a function of temperature between 15 and 300 K. The lifetime spectra were analyzed as sums of two exponential lifetime components 􀁗i weighted by the intensities Ii, convoluted with the resolution function. From th

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19

Fragopoulou, M., M. Zamani, S. Siskos, T. Laopoulos, V. Konstantakos, and G. Sarrabayrouse. "A Study of the Response of Depleted Type p-MOSFETs to Electron Doses." HNPS Proceedings 24 (April 1, 2019): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.1859.

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A study of depleted pMOSFETs characteristics performed with electrons, at energies ranging from 6 to 15 MeV delivered by Linac medical accelerator. The depleted pMOSFETs present high sensitivity to electron doses. Linear threshold voltage shift with dose was measured for all the electron’s energies studied. A small decrease of the response was observed with dose rate during irradiations which can be attributed to ELDRS effects.

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20

P. S., Lemos, Silva G. S., Roca R. A., et al. "Laser and electron beam-induced formation of Ag/Cr structures on Ag2CrO4." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, no. 11 (2019): 6101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp07263a.

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21

Meng, Xiang Ti, Qiang Huang, Xing Yu Wang, Yong Nan Zheng, Ping Fan, and Sheng Yun Zhu. "Change of Properties of CMOS Image Sensor Irradiated with 9 and 16 MeV Protons." Defect and Diffusion Forum 272 (March 2008): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.272.7.

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The 9 and 16 MeV proton irradiations of CMOS Image Sensor in the fluence range from 5x108 to 4x1010 cm-2 and 5x109 to 1x1013 cm-2 have been carried out respectively. The color pictures and dark output images are captured, and the average brightness of dark output images is calculated. The anti-irradiation fluence thresholds for 9 and 16 MeV protons are about 4x1010 and 5x1012cm-2, respectively. These can be explained by the change of the concentrations of irradiation-induced electron-hole pairs and vacancies in the various layers of CMOS image sensor calculated by the TRIM simulation program.

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22

Byun, Kye-Hwan, Min-Jung Cho, Shin-Young Park, Hyang Sook Chun, and Sang-Do Ha. "Effects of gamma ray, electron beam, and X-ray on the reduction of Aspergillus flavus on red pepper powder (Capsicum annuum L.) and gochujang (red pepper paste)." Food Science and Technology International 25, no. 8 (2019): 649–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013219857019.

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Aspergillus flavus is the potential pathogenic mold in red pepper powder ( Capsicum annuum L.) and gochujang (red pepper paste), which can produce mycotoxins. This study investigated the effects of gamma ray, e-beam, and X-ray irradiation on the reduction of A. flavus on red pepper powder and gochujang and physicochemical and sensory quality changes. Gamma ray and e-beam at 3.5 kGy reduced A. flavus effectively (>4 log), without deteriorating the physicochemical quality. Same dose of X-ray did not cause any deterioration of the physicochemical quality. However, reduction effect of A. flavus

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23

Banerjee, Somik, M. Deka, A. Kumar, and Udayan De. "Ion Irradiation Effects in some Electro-Active and Engineering Polymers Studies by Conventional and Novel Techniques." Defect and Diffusion Forum 341 (July 2013): 1–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.341.1.

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The effect of various radiations to a polymer is more complex and intense, compared to that in other materials, in view of the more complex structure and low bonding energies (5 10 eV for covalent bonds of the main carbon chain). Since the energy delivered to the polymer in most irradiations (including even beta and gamma rays of 1 to 10 MeV) exceeds this energy by many orders of magnitude, there is a high risk of radiation damage to all kind of polymers. However, engineering polymers (PC, PMMA, PVC, etc. and newer ones) as well as electro-active and other functional polymers (conducting polym

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Zarei, Mohsen, and Parvin Shawrang. "Correlation between condensed tannin and fiber contents of irradiated pomegranate seed." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 61, no. 4 (2016): 343–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1604343z.

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Pomegranate seeds were exposed to electron and gamma irradiations at doses of 5, 10, 15 and 20 kGy to study the relationships between their condensed tannin, NDF, ADF contents, in vitro rumen methane production and protozoa population. Data were analyzed by using the GLM procedure. Orthogonal contrast showed that gamma irradiation significantly increased the NDF content of pomegranate seed as compared to control (P<0.05), however electron beam irradiation did not significantly affect NDF%. The condensed tannin content of the pomegranate seed was significantly decreased by gamma and electron

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25

Bailat, C., R. Oesterle, V. Grilj, M. C. Vozenin, and F. Bochud. "PLATFORM FOR STEP-AND-SHOOT ELECTRON FLASH IRRADIATIONS." Physica Medica 94 (February 2022): S63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01574-5.

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26

Ju, Dandan, You Wu, Hao Wang, et al. "The Discharge Behavior and Mechanism of Polyimide Aerogel under Electron Irradiation." Polymers 16, no. 6 (2024): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16060773.

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The response and mechanism of polyimide aerogel under electron irradiations were investigated. The experimental results indicated that electron irradiation could not damage the skeleton polyimide in the aerogel due to its high stability, but could result in a discharge within. The morphology of the discharge shows some dendritic discharge patterns, and the material surrounding the discharge channels was carbonized. The numerical simulation results indicated that the incident electrons, and also large amount induced secondary electrons, would be deposited inhomogeneously within the nano-porous

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27

Kumakura, H., H. Kitaguchi, K. Togano, et al. "Effect of high‐energy ion irradiation and electron irradiation on textured Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox—180‐MeV Cu11+and Br11+irradiations and 3‐MeV electron irradiation." Journal of Applied Physics 74, no. 1 (1993): 451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355279.

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28

Xu, W. "Electron-photon-phonon interactions in polar semiconductors under free-electron laser irradiations." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 10, no. 27 (1998): 6105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/10/27/011.

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Knežević, Tihomir, Tomislav Brodar, Vladimir Radulović, Luka Snoj, Takahiro Makino, and Ivana Capan. "Distinguishing the EH₁ and S₁ defects in n-type 4H-SiC by Laplace DLTS." Applied Physics Express 15, no. 10 (2022): 101002. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1882-0786/ac8f83.

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Abstract We report on the low-energy electron and fast neutron irradiated 4H-SiC studied by deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and Laplace DLTS. Irradiations introduced two defects, E c −0.4 eV and E c −0.7 eV. They were previously assigned to carbon interstitial (Ci) labeled as EH1/3 and silicon-vacancy (V Si) labeled as S1/2, for the low-energy electron and fast neutron irradiation, respectively. This work demonstrates how Laplace DLTS can be used as a useful tool for distinguishing the EH1 and S1 defects. We show that EH1 consists of a single emission line arising from the Ci(h), whil

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Mukan, Zh T., T. A. Seredavina, N. S. Sushkova, I. V. Danko, and N. V. Glushchenko. "STUDY OF DOSIMETRY POSSIBILITIES USING ELECTRON PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE ON ALANINE FOR ILU-10 ACCELERATOR INP RK." NNC RK Bulletin, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52676/1729-7885-2022-1-36-42.

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Experimental studying possibilities of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method application for the dose control using alanine deteectors in the process of technological irradiations with brake radiation at the accelerator ILU-10 INP RK has been carried out. The EPR signal stability and sensitivity of original alanine detectors have been studied, serviceability in standard modes was shown in the range of small doses of brake irradiation (0,005–1 kGy); for dose estimation the calibration on gamma-irrdiation was used. The obtained data confirmed the promise of alanine EPR dosimetry at th

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Yaduvanshi, N., R. Pandey, and V. Khemchandani. "Gamma irradiation effects on Ag based ternary and quaternary chalcogenide films." Chalcogenide Letters 20, no. 5 (2023): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/cl.2023.205.325.

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In this work the effect of gamma irradiation (50 kGy and 100 kGy) on properties of InxSb20-x Ag10Se70 (x= 0,10,20) films has been discussed. X ray diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Optical properties and Electrical properties have been successfully studied. X Ray diffraction and TEM images reveal the amorphous nature of thin films. A change in the optical energy gap is observed after irradiation.The optical band gap increases accompanied with increase in tailing parameter.The value of N decreases with irradiation dose.It is found that crytallinity is higher for ternary system as c

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KIM, BANG-HYUN, AERA JANG, SANG O. LEE, JOONG S. MIN, and MOOHA LEE. "Combined Effect of Electron-Beam (beta) Irradiation and Organic Acids on Shelf Life of Pork Loins during Cold Storage." Journal of Food Protection 67, no. 1 (2004): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-67.1.168.

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The combined effects of organic acids and irradiation on shelf life of pork loins were examined. Fresh pork loins were sprayed with organic acids (lactic, citric, and acetic) at 2%, packaged aerobically, and irradiated with an electron beam at 1, 2, and 3 kGy. During 14 days of storage, total plate count, coliform number, pH, and thiobarbituric acid–reactive substances were measured. Combinations of organic acid and irradiation were more effective in reducing and maintaining low total plate counts and coliform levels during storage than either treatment alone. Higher lipid oxidations were obse

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Kim, Su Jin, Seungkwon Hwang, Jung-Dae Kwon, et al. "Gamma-Irradiation-Induced Electrical Characteristic Variations in MoS2 Field-Effect Transistors with Buried Local Back-Gate Structure." Nanomaterials 14, no. 16 (2024): 1324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14161324.

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The impact of radiation on MoS2-based devices is an important factor in the utilization of two-dimensional semiconductor-based technology in radiation-sensitive environments. In this study, the effects of gamma irradiation on the electrical variations in MoS2 field-effect transistors with buried local back-gate structures were investigated, and their related effects on Al2O3 gate dielectrics and MoS2/Al2O3 interfaces were also analyzed. The transfer and output characteristics were analyzed before and after irradiation. The current levels decreased by 15.7% under an exposure of 3 kGy. Additiona

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34

KATSUMURA, Yosuke. "Application of Electron Beam Irradiations(1). Development and application of electron beam processors." RADIOISOTOPES 43, no. 9 (1994): 542–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.43.9_542.

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35

Cristol, Stanley J., Dieter Braun, George C. Schloemer, and Bart J. Vanden Plas. "Photochemical transformations. 42. Photoreactions of certain bridged bicyclic and tricyclic chlorides and bromides containing aromatic chromophores." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 64, no. 6 (1986): 1081–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v86-181.

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Irradiations of a number of bicyclic and tricyclic bromides and chlorides containing aromatic rings have been carried out. With the allylic chlorides 2-Cl and 3-Cl, triplet-sensitized photoreactions in acetone (or in acetonitrile with acetophenone sensitizer) lead to allylic scrambling and allyl-to-cyclopropyl isomerization to 5-Cl, while the corresponding bromides, under similar conditions, give allylic scrambling, photo-Wagner–Meerwein rearrangement, and photosolvolysis, but no allyl-to-cyclopropyl isomerization. The differences in reaction types are ascribed to the requirement for intramole

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Basaran, Güvenç, Törün Özer, Nükhet Berk, and Orhan Hamamcı. "Etching Enamel for Orthodontics with an Erbium, Chromium:Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet Laser System." Angle Orthodontist 77, no. 1 (2007): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/120605-426r.1.

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Abstract Objective: To test the shear bond strength, surface characteristics, and fracture mode of brackets that are bonded to enamel etched with an erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser operated at different power outputs: 0.5 W, 1 W, and 2 W. Materials and Methods: Human premolars that had been extracted for orthodontic purposes were used. Enamel was etched with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser system operated at one of three power outputs or with orthophosphoric acid. Results: The shear bond strength associated with the 0.5-W laser irradiation was significantly less than th

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Steeds, John W. "The Formation of Alphabet Lines in 4H SiC after Low-Energy Electron Irradiation." Materials Science Forum 645-648 (April 2010): 407–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.407.

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Low voltage electron irradiations with electron energies down to the C-displacement threshold have been performed and the irradiated samples studied subsequently by low temperature photoluminescence microscopy. The results were found to depend on the electron energy, the n(N)- or p(Al)-doping and the C- or Si-face irradiated. The implications of these results for the current understanding of the atomic origins of these lines are discussed.

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Namour, Amaury, Marwan El Mobadder, Patrick Matamba, et al. "The Safety of Removing Fractured Nickel–Titanium Files in Root Canals Using a Nd: YAP Laser." Biomedicines 12, no. 5 (2024): 1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051031.

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The fracture of nickel–titanium (Ni-Ti) instruments during root canal instrumentation leads to compromised outcomes in endodontic treatments. Despite the significant impact of instrument facture during a root canal treatment, there is still no universally accepted method to address this complication. Several previous studies have shown the ability of a Neodymium: Yttrium–Aluminum–Perovskite (Nd: YAP) laser to cut endodontic files. This study aims to determine safe irradiation conditions for a clinical procedure involving the use of a Neodymium: Yttrium–Aluminum–Perovskite (Nd: YAP) laser for r

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39

Mei, Xian Xiu, Jian Qiang Fu, Xiao Fei Liu, Jun Xu, and You Nian Wang. "The Corrosion and Oxidation Resistance Improvement of DZ4 Ni-Based Superalloy Irradiated by High Intensity Pulsed Ion Beams." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.276.

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In this paper, the DZ4 Ni-based superalloy was irradiated by high intensity pulsed C ion and H ion beam. The parameters of ion beam were: accelerating voltage 250 kV, pulse duration 70 ns, ion current density 160 A/cm2. Irradiation pulses were 2, 5, 10 and 15. The morphology of DZ4 before and after irradiation was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The phase structure and stress state were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that there were some craters on the surface of the sample after irradiation, as the irradiation time increased, the crater boundary became b

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Koike, J., P. R. Okamoto, L. E. Rehn, and M. Meshii. "The dose, temperature, and projectile-mass dependence for irradiation-induced amorphization of CuTi." Journal of Materials Research 4, no. 5 (1989): 1143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1989.1143.

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CuTi was irradiated with 1-MeV Ne+, Kr+, and Xe+ in the temperature range from 150 to 563 K. The volume fraction of the amorphous phase produced during room temperature irradiation with Ne+ and Kr+ ions was determined as a function of ion dose from measurements of the integrated intensity of the diffuse ring in electron diffraction patterns. The results, analyzed by Gibbons' model, indicate that direct amorphization occurs along a single ion track with Kr+, but the overlapping of three ion tracks is necessary for amorphization with Ne+. The critical temperature for amorphization increases with

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Bench, M. W., I. M. Robertson, and M. A. Kirk. "The formation and recrystallization of amorphous zones produced in GaAS by ion irradiation." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 460–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100104364.

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Transmission electron microscopy experiments have been performed to investigate the lattice damage created by heavy-ion bombardments in GaAs. These experiments were undertaken to provide additional insight into the mechanisms by which individual amorphous zones and eventually amorphous layers are created. To understand these mechanisms, the structure of the defects created as a function of material, irradiating ion, dose, dose rate, and implantation tenperature have been studied using TEM. Also, the recovery of the crystalline structure by annealing has been investigated.These experiments were

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Kalinina, Evgenia V., Alexander A. Lebedev, Vitalii V. Kozlovski, V. V. Zabrodskiy, Anatoly M. Strel'chuk, and Irina P. Nikitina. "Electrophysical and Optical Properties of 4H-SiC UV Detectors Irradiated with Electrons." Materials Science Forum 963 (July 2019): 722–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.963.722.

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Comparative studies of the structural, electrophysical properties and spectral sensitivity of 4H-SiC photodetectors of ultraviolet radiation in the spectral range of 200-400 nm were carried out before and after electron irradiations. Photodetectors with Cr Schottky barriers with thickness of 20 nm and 8 mm diameter were formed on n-4H-SiC CVD epitaxial layers with a thickness of 5 μm and concentration Nd-Na= (1-4) х1014 cm-3. Cr/4H-SiC photodiodes were irradiated by electrons at 0.9 MeV energy with doses (0.2-1) x1016 cm-2.

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Harrison, R. W., H. Amari, G. Greaves, J. A. Hinks, and S. E. Donnelly. "Effect of He-appm/DPA ratio on the damage microstructure of tungsten." MRS Advances 1, no. 42 (2016): 2893–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.385.

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AbstractIn-situ ion irradiation and transmission electron microscopy has been used to examine the effects of the He appm to DPA ratio, temperature and dose on the damage structure of tungsten (W). Irradiations were performed with 15 or 60 keV He+ ions, achieving He-appm/displacements per atom (DPA) ratios of ∼40,000 and ∼2000, respectively, at temperatures between 500 and 1000°C to a dose of ∼3 DPA. A high number of small dislocation loops with sizes around 5–20 nm and a He bubble lattice were observed for both He-appm/DPA ratios at 500°C with a bubble size ∼1.5 nm. Using the g.b=0 criterion t

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Barbu, A., and G. Jaskierowicz. "Radiation Effect on the Viscosity of the Simple B2O3 Glasses." MRS Proceedings 504 (1997). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-504-117.

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ABSTRACTThe creep velocity of B203 glass fibers under irradiation with 2.5 MeV electrons at low flux ( around 5 1013 e-cm−2s−1) has been studied versus temperature. As under very high energy heavy ions irradiation (1.6 GeV argon), the viscosity is drastically reduced below 300°C. An important difference between the two kinds of irradiation is the occurrence of a compaction phenomenon at the beginning of electron irradiation experiments. The results can be understood by assuming two totally different mechanisms: a relaxation driven by melting of the glass along the path of the ions for very hig

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Kirk, Marquis A. "Irradiation Defect Structures In YBa2Cu3O7-xand their Correlation with Superconducting Properties." MRS Proceedings 209 (1990). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-209-743.

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ABSTRACTWe review our work on irradiation effects in single crystal YBa2Cu3O7-x. Transmission electron microscopy has been employed to study the defect microstructures produced by irradiations with fast neutrons, MeV ions (Kr, Ne and p), and electrons. The atomic structure within defect cascades was investigated using 50 keV Kr and Xe ion irradiations to low doses. Evidence is shown for an amorphous structure with some incoherent recrystallization within individual cascades. Correlation with enhancements in critical current density produced by neutron irradiations suggest that this cascade str

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Ibragimova, Elvira M., and Marquis A. Kirk. "Modification of Structure and Properties of Superconducting YBaCuO Crystals by Combined Irradiations." MRS Proceedings 659 (2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-659-ii7.8.

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ABSTRACTEffects of electron irradiations in combination with 60Co gamma-quanta on magnetic properties of YBa2Cu3O7−x crystals have been studied to determine the contribution from oxygen defects to the pinning, and the condition of improving the critical parameter, Jc, of the crystals. Irradiation with 300 keV electrons followed by gamma-irradiation makes strong oxygen disorder, causing degradation of SC-transition and appearance of diamagnetic transition at 200 K, but no flux pinning in H>1 Tesla at 77 K. However, it is shown that oxygen defects do contribute substantially to the flux pinni

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Parkin, Don M., and Michael Nastasii. "Radiation Induced Amorphization in YBa2 Cu3O7 and GdBa2 Cu3O7 Superconductors." MRS Proceedings 128 (1988). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-128-351.

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ABSTRACTThe response of YBa2Cu3O7 and GdBa2Gu3O7 high temperature superconductors to particle irradiation is examined. Both ion and electron irradiations have been shown to first produce an orthorhombic-to-tetragonal transformation at relatively low doses followed by a tetragonal-to-amorphous transformation at doses roughly a factor of 10 higher. Analysis of the displacement stoichiometry that results from 120, 300, and 1000 keV electron irradiations, 400, and 500 keV O irradiations, and 300 keV helium irradiations indicate that the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal transformation is driven by O atom

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Romano-Rodriguez, Albert, and Jan Vanhellemont. "Dopant Dependent Extended Defect Nucleation and Growth Kinetics in Silicon During 1 Mev Electron Irradiation." MRS Proceedings 262 (1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-262-1091.

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ABSTRACTIn this paper results of a study of electron irradiation induced extended defect generation in doped silicon is presented. The irradiations are performed in-situ with 1 MeV electrons in a high voltage transmission electron microscope. Preferential generation of extended defects is observed in certain areas of the sample which can be correlated with well defined dopant concentration levels. The defect growth kinetics is studied as a function of the irradiation temperature and dose and the type and concentration of dopant.After the first irradiation experiment some of the samples receive

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49

Chimi, Y., A. Iwase, and N. Ishikawa. "Electronic Excitation Effects on Defect Production and Radiation Annealing in Fe Irradiated at ∼80K with Energetic Particles." MRS Proceedings 504 (1997). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-504-221.

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ABSTRACTDefect accumulation behavior in Fe irradiated with high energy (∼100MeV) ions, low energy (∼1MeV) ions and 2MeV electrons was studied by measuring the electrical resistivity change of the specimen at ∼80K as a function of particle fluence. From the experimental results, the defect production cross-section, the defect annihilation cross-section and the damage efficiency (the ratio of the experimental defect production cross-section to the calculated one) were derived for each irradiation. By comparing the results for high energy ion-irradiations with those for low energy ion- and electr

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50

Devanathan, R., W. J. Weber, and L. A. Boatner. "Response of Zircon to Electron and Ne+ Irradiation." MRS Proceedings 481 (1997). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-481-419.

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ABSTRACTZircon (ZrSiO4) is an actinide host phase in vitreous ceramic nuclear waste forms and a potential host phase for the disposition of excess weapons plutonium. In the present work, the effects of 800 and 900 keV electron, and 1 MeV Ne+ irradiations on the structure of single crystals of ZrSiO4 have been investigated. The microstructural evolution during the irradiations was studied in situ using a high-voltage electron microscope interfaced to an ion accelerator at Argonne National Laboratory. The results indicate that electron irradiation at 15 K cannot amorphize ZrSiO4 even at fluences

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