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Journal articles on the topic 'ELECTRON REACTIONS'

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1

Sosnovskikh, Vyacheslav Y. "Synthesis and Reactivity of Electron-Deficient 3-Vinylchromones." SynOpen 05, no. 03 (2021): 255–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1589-9556.

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AbstractThe reported methods and data for the synthesis and reactivity of electron-deficient 3-vinylchromones containing electron-withdrawing­ groups at the exo-cyclic double bond are summarized and systematized for the first time. The main methods for obtaining these compounds are Knoevenagel condensation, Wittig reaction, and palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings. The most important chemical properties are transformations under the action of mono- and dinucleophiles, ambiphilic cyclizations, and cycloaddition reactions. The cross-conjugated and polyelectrophilic dienone system in 3-vinylchromo
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2

Upham, Brad L., and Kriton K. Hatzios. "Diethyldithiocarbamate, a New Photosystem I Electron Donor of Mehler-Type Hill Reactions." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 41, no. 9-10 (1986): 861–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1986-9-1011.

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Abstract Diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC) does not accept electrons from the photosynthetic electron transport (PET) but can donate electrons to a photosystem I (PSI) Mehler reaction in the pres­ence of the following PET inhibitors: DCMU. DBMIB, and bathophenanthroline. It cannot photoreduce PSI in the presence of cyanide, a PET inhibitor. These data indicate that the site of electron donation is after the plastoquinone pool. Ascorbate is not required for the ability of DEDTC to donate electrons to PSI. There is no photoreductant activity by DEDTC inferredoxin/NADP Hill reactions. Superoxide dis
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3

Kebarle, Paul, and Swapan Chowdhury. "Electron affinities and electron-transfer reactions." Chemical Reviews 87, no. 3 (1987): 513–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr00079a003.

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4

Yasuda, Hirotsugu, Loic Ledernez, Fethi Olcaytug, and Gerald Urban. "Electron dynamics of low-pressure deposition plasma." Pure and Applied Chemistry 80, no. 9 (2008): 1883–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200880091883.

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When the electric field in the dark gas phase reaches the threshold value, an electron avalanche (breakdown) occurs, which causes dissociation of organic molecules, excitation of chemically reactive molecular gas, and/or ionization of atomic gas, depending on the type of gas involved. The principles that govern these electron-impact reactions are collectively described by the term "electron dynamics". The electron-impact dissociation of organic molecules is the key factor for the deposition plasma. The implications of the interfacial avalanche of the primary electrons on the deposition plasma
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5

Armstrong, Fraser A., H. Allen O. Hill, and Nicholas J. Walton. "Reactions of electron-transfer proteins at electrodes." Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics 18, no. 3 (1985): 261–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033583500000366.

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Studies of electron-transfer reactions of redox proteins have, in recent years, attracted widespread interest and attention. Progress has been evident from both physical and biological standpoints, with the increasing availability of three-dimensional structural data for many small electron-transfer proteins prompting a variety of systematic investigations (Isied, 1985). Most recently, attention has been directed towards questions concerning the elementary transfer of electrons between spatially remote redox sites, and the nature of protein–protein interactions which, for intermolecular proces
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6

Mauk, A. Grant. "Biological electron-transfer reactions." Essays in Biochemistry 34 (November 1, 1999): 101–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bse0340101.

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7

Maletin, Yurii A., and Roderick D. Cannon. "Dissociative electron transfer reactions." Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry 34, no. 2 (1998): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02764428.

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8

Karasevskii, A. I., and I. N. Karnaukhov. "Many-electron electrochemical reactions." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 348, no. 1-2 (1993): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(93)80122-x.

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9

Gray, Harry B., and Jay R. Winkler. "Electron tunneling through proteins." Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics 36, no. 3 (2003): 341–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033583503003913.

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1. History 3422. Activation barriers 3432.1 Redox potentials 3442.2 Reorganization energy 3443. Electronic coupling 3454. Ru-modified proteins 3484.1 Reorganization energy 3494.1.1 Cyt c 3494.1.2 Azurin 3504.2 Tunneling timetables 3525. Multistep tunneling 3576. Protein–protein reactions 3596.1 Hemoglobin (Hb) hybrids 3596.2 Cyt c/cyt b5 complexes 3606.3 Cyt c/cyt c peroxidase complexes 3606.4 Zn–cyt c/Fe–cyt c crystals 3617. Photosynthesis and respiration 3627.1 Photosynthetic reaction centers (PRCs) 3627.2 Cyt c oxidase (CcO) 3648. Concluding remarks 3659. Acknowledgments 36610. References 3
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10

Domingo, Luis R., Mar Ríos-Gutiérrez, and María José Aurell. "Unveiling the Intramolecular Ionic Diels–Alder Reactions within Molecular Electron Density Theory." Chemistry 3, no. 3 (2021): 834–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemistry3030061.

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The intramolecular ionic Diels–Alder (IIDA) reactions of two dieniminiums were studied within the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) at the ωB97XD/6-311G(d,p) computational level. Topological analysis of the electron localization function (ELF) of dieniminiums showed that their electronic structures can been seen as the sum of those of butadiene and ethaniminium. The superelectrophilic character of dieniminiums accounts for the high intramolecular global electron density transfer taking place from the diene framework to the iminium one at the transition state structures (TSs) of these II
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11

Smith, David J., and M. R. McCartney. "Electron-beam-induced reactions at surfaces." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (August 6, 1989): 628–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100155116.

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It is well-known that the intense electron irradiation needed to record HREM images or micro-analytical spectra is liable to cause permanent microstructural changes in the specimen region undergoing observation or analysis. Beam-induced modifications at surfaces are even more likely because of the increased probability of permanent loss of material and the likelihood of reaction with constituents of the residual microscope vacuum. In this short review, we first survey the mechanisms available for beam-induced surface reactions, then briefly summarize recent observations of surface modification
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12

Wang, X. L., Z. Y. Tan, W. Luo, Z. C. Zhu, X. D. Wang, and Y. M. Song. "Photo-transmutation of long-lived radionuclide 135Cs by laser–plasma driven electron source." Laser and Particle Beams 34, no. 3 (2016): 433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034616000318.

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AbstractLaser-driven relativistic electrons can be focused onto a high-Z convertor for generating high-brightness γ-rays, which in turn can be used to induce photonuclear reactions. In this work, photo-transmutation of long-lived radionuclide 135Cs induced by laser–plasma–interaction-driven electron source is demonstrated using Geant4 simulation (Agostinelli et al., 2003 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A506, 250). High-energy electron generation, bremsstrahlung, as well as photonuclear reaction are observed at four different laser intensities: 1020, 5 × 1020, 1021, and 5 × 1021 W/cm2. The transmutation e
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13

Mikkelsen, Kurt V., and Mark A. Ratner. "Electron tunneling in solid-state electron-transfer reactions." Chemical Reviews 87, no. 1 (1987): 113–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr00077a007.

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14

Jagannadham, V. "Electron Transfer Reactions: a Treatise." American Journal of Chemistry 2, no. 2 (2012): 57–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5923/j.chemistry.20120202.11.

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15

Shirakawa, Eiji. "Electron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions." Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan 77, no. 5 (2019): 433–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.77.433.

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16

Netzel, Thomas L. "Electron Transfer Reactions in DNA." Journal of Chemical Education 74, no. 6 (1997): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed074p646.

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17

Patz, Matthias, and Shunichi Fukuzumi. "ELECTRON TRANSFER IN ORGANIC REACTIONS." Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 10, no. 3 (1997): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1395(199703)10:3<129::aid-poc884>3.0.co;2-4.

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18

Keltjens, J. T., and C. Drift. "Electron transfer reactions in methanogens." FEMS Microbiology Letters 39, no. 3 (1986): 259–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1986.tb01862.x.

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19

Murphy, Catherine J., and Jacqueline K. Barton. "DNA-mediated electron transfer reactions." Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 43, no. 2-3 (1991): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-0134(91)84107-k.

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20

Jakuba�a-Amundsen, D. H. "Electron transfer in nuclear reactions." Zeitschrift f�r Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters 21, S1 (1991): S291—S292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01426328.

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21

Andrés, Juan, Sławomir Berski, and Bernard Silvi. "Curly arrows meet electron density transfers in chemical reaction mechanisms: from electron localization function (ELF) analysis to valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) inspired interpretation." Chemical Communications 52, no. 53 (2016): 8183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc09816e.

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22

Ponec, Robert. "Topological aspects of chemical reactivity. Reorganisation of electron density in allowed and forbidden reactions." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 50, no. 5 (1985): 1121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19851121.

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The selection rules in chemical reactivity are discussed from the point of view of the differences in the character of the electron density reorganisation in allowed and forbidden reactions. It was shown that the allowed reactions are characterized by the maximum conservation of electron pairing along the whole reaction path. On the other hand for the forbidden reactions a critical point lies on the corresponding concerted reaction coordinate in which one electron pair is completely splitted.
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23

Pietron, Jeremy J., Jocelyn F. Hicks, and Royce W. Murray. "Using Electrons Stored on Quantized Capacitors in Electron Transfer Reactions." Journal of the American Chemical Society 121, no. 23 (1999): 5565–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja990320m.

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24

Shimamori, H., and T. Sunagawa. "Reactions and energy relaxation of electrons in electron-attaching gases." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 232, no. 1-2 (1998): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02383711.

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25

Madison, D. H., S. Jones, and A. Humberston. "Role of electron-electron correlation in (e,2e) reactions." Le Journal de Physique IV 09, PR6 (1999): Pr6–31—Pr6–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:1999608.

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26

Martini, I. B., E. R. Barthel, and B. J. Schwartz. "Building a molecular-level picture of the ultrafast dynamics of the charge-transfer-to-solvent (CTTS) reaction of sodide (Na¯)." Pure and Applied Chemistry 76, no. 10 (2004): 1809–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200476101809.

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Charge-transfer-to-solvent (CTTS) reactions represent the simplest possible electron-transfer reaction. One of the reasons that such reactions have become the subject of recent interest is that transfer of a CTTS electron from an atomic anion to the solvent involves only electronic degrees of freedom, so that all the dynamics involved in the reaction are those of the solvent. Thus, CTTS reactions provide an outstanding spectroscopic window on the dynamics of the solvent during electron transfer. In this paper, we will review our recent work studying the CTTS reaction of the sodium anion, (Na−
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27

Widom, A., J. Swain, and Yogendra N. Srivastava. "Fully Ionized Plasmas and Nuclear Electron Capture Reactions." Key Engineering Materials 644 (May 2015): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.644.70.

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Properties of fully ionized plasmas are discussed including plasma charge density oscillations and the screening of Coulombs law especially in the dilute classical Debye regime. In a kinetic model with two charged particle scattering events in the Boltzmann collision rates, the rate of electron capture induced plasma nuclear reactions is exhibited and veri es our previous results based on condensed matter electro-weak quantum eld theory.
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28

Oliveira, B. L., Z. Guo, and G. J. L. Bernardes. "Inverse electron demand Diels–Alder reactions in chemical biology." Chemical Society Reviews 46, no. 16 (2017): 4895–950. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00184c.

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29

Eberson, Lennart, Monica Nilsson, and Ulf Edlund. "Electron Transfer Reactions. XIX. Outer-Sphere Electron Transfer Reactions between Hexachloroosmate(V) and Organic Compounds." Acta Chemica Scandinavica 44 (1990): 1062–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3891/acta.chem.scand.44-1062.

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30

Vecchio, Kenneth S. "Electron microscopy study of shock synthesis of silicides." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 1162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100151647.

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Shock-induced reactions (or shock synthesis) have been studied since the 1960’s but are still poorly understood, partly due to the fact that the reaction kinetics are very fast making experimental analysis of the reaction difficult. Shock synthesis is closely related to combustion synthesis, and occurs in the same systems that undergo exothermic gasless combustion reactions. The thermite reaction (Fe2O3 + 2Al -&gt; 2Fe + Al2O3) is prototypical of this class of reactions. The effects of shock-wave passage through porous (powder) materials are complex, because intense and non-uniform plastic def
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31

Higashida, Kosuke, Masaya Sawamura, and Vishal Kumar Rawat. "Nickel-Catalyzed Homocoupling of Aryl Ethers with Magnesium Anthracene Reductant." Synthesis 53, no. 18 (2021): 3397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1509-5954.

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AbstractNickel-catalyzed reductive homocoupling of aryl ethers has been achieved with Mg(anthracene)(thf)3 as a readily available low-cost reductant. DFT calculations provided a rationale for the specific efficiency of the diorganomagnesium-type two-electron reducing agent. The calculations show that the dianionic anthracene-9,10-diyl ligand reduces the two aryl ether substrates, resulting in the homocoupling reaction through supply of electrons to the Ni-Mg bimetallic system to form organomagnesium nickel(0)-ate complexes, which cause two sequential C–O bond cleavage reactions. The calculatio
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32

Martin, I., L. Amiaud, R. Azria, and A. Lafosse. "Low-energy electron driven processes in ices: Synthesis reactions and surface functionalization." Facta universitatis - series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology 6, no. 1 (2008): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fupct0801089m.

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Low-energy electrons, and subexcitation energy electrons in particular, have the ability to induce efficiently chemical modifications within condensed molecular films and at substrate surfaces. By taking advantage of the Dissociative Electron Attachment (DEA) process, which leads to selective bond cleavages, the induced reactivity can be controlled solely by the electron energy. Two illustrative examples of induced reactivity and substrate functionalization achieved by low-energy electron processing of condensed molecules studied by means of High Resolution Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (H
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33

Ashok, Konda, Ravinara K. Tikare, Prashant V. Kamat, and Manapurathu V. George. "Electron transfer reactions. Reactions of epoxyketones and benzoylaziridines with potassium." Research on Chemical Intermediates 13, no. 2 (1990): 117–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156856790x00175.

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34

Donovan-Merkert, Bernadette T., Philip H. Rieger, and William E. Geiger. "Reactions of Odd-Electron Cobaltacycles: Characterization of a Persistent 17-Electron Anionic Intermediate in Electron-Transfer-Catalyzed (ETC) Substitution Reactions." Organometallics 18, no. 16 (1999): 3194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om990246g.

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35

Okada, A. "3SB55 Electron transfer reactions in biomolecules." Seibutsu Butsuri 45, supplement (2005): S25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.45.s25_4.

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36

Poole, James S., Christopher M. Hadad, Matthew S. Platz, et al. "Photochemical Electron Transfer Reactions of Tirapazamine¶." Photochemistry and Photobiology 75, no. 4 (2007): 339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2002)0750339petrot2.0.co2.

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37

Poole, James S., Christopher M. Hadad, Matthew S. Platz, et al. "Photochemical Electron Transfer Reactions of Tirapazamine¶." Photochemistry and Photobiology 75, no. 4 (2002): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2002)075<0339:petrot>2.0.co;2.

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38

Arrieta, Ana, Abel de Cozar, and Fernando P. Cossio. "Cyclic Electron Delocalization in Pericyclic Reactions." Current Organic Chemistry 15, no. 20 (2011): 3594–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138527211797636165.

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39

Jovanovic, Slobodan V., Ivana Jankovic, and Ljubica Josimovic. "Electron-transfer reactions of alkylperoxy radicals." Journal of the American Chemical Society 114, no. 23 (1992): 9018–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00049a037.

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40

Williams, R. J. P. "Uncoupled and coupled electron transfer reactions." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1058, no. 1 (1991): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0005-2728(05)80272-5.

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41

Drago, Russell S., and Donald C. Ferris. "Solvent Influences on Electron-Transfer Reactions." Journal of Physical Chemistry 99, no. 17 (1995): 6563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100017a043.

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42

Prado-Gotor, R., R. Jiménez, P. Pérez-Tejeda, et al. "Electron Transfer Reactions in Micellar Systems." Progress in Reaction Kinetics and Mechanism 25, no. 4 (2000): 371–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/007967400103165173.

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43

Bordwell, F. G., and John A. Harrelson. "Hybrid single-electron-transfer-SN2 reactions." Journal of the American Chemical Society 109, no. 26 (1987): 8112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00260a042.

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44

Formosinho, Sebastião J., and Luís G. Arnaut. "Electron-Transfer Reactions in Organic Chemistry." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 70, no. 5 (1997): 977–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.70.977.

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45

Reece, Steven Y., Mohammad R. Seyedsayamdost, JoAnne Stubbe, and Daniel G. Nocera. "Electron Transfer Reactions of Fluorotyrosyl Radicals." Journal of the American Chemical Society 128, no. 42 (2006): 13654–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja0636688.

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46

Kornblum, Nathan, Peter Ackermann, Joseph W. Manthey, et al. "Electron-transfer substitution reactions: leaving groups." Journal of Organic Chemistry 53, no. 7 (1988): 1475–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00242a024.

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47

Brzezinski, Peter. "Internal Electron-Transfer Reactions in CytochromecOxidase†." Biochemistry 35, no. 18 (1996): 5611–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi960260m.

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48

Vannikov, Anatolii V., and Antonina D. Grishina. "Electron-transfer reactions in polymer matrices." Russian Chemical Reviews 58, no. 12 (1989): 1169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/rc1989v058n12abeh003503.

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49

Bordwell, Frederick G., Anthony H. Clemens, Donald E. Smith, and John Begemann. "Reactions of carbanions with electron acceptors." Journal of Organic Chemistry 50, no. 8 (1985): 1151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00208a001.

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50

Zhou, Feimeng, Gary J. Van Berkel, and Bernadette T. Donovan. "Electron-Transfer Reactions of fluorofullerene C60F48." Journal of the American Chemical Society 116, no. 12 (1994): 5485–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00091a069.

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