Academic literature on the topic 'Electron trajectory'

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Journal articles on the topic "Electron trajectory"

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Suga, Hiroshi, Takafumi Fujiwara, Nobuhiro Kanai, and Masatoshi Kotera. "Secondary Electron Image Contrast in the Scanning Electron Microscope." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 1 (1990): 410–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010018080x.

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An image contrast given in the scanning electron microscope(SEM) is due to differences in a detected number of secondary electrons (SE) coming from the specimen surface. The difference arises from the topographic, compositional and voltage features at the specimen surface. Two kinds of approaches have been taken for the quantification of SE images. One is to simulate electron trajectories in vacuum toward the detector, assuming the typical angular and energy distributions of electrons emitted from the specimen surface. However, the typical angular and energy distributions are not always applic
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Yahalom, Asher. "Pauli’s Electron in Ehrenfest and Bohm Theories, a Comparative Study." Entropy 25, no. 2 (2023): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25020190.

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Electrons moving at slow speeds much lower than the speed of light are described by a wave function which is a solution of Pauli’s equation. This is a low-velocity limit of the relativistic Dirac equation. Here we compare two approaches, one of which is the more conservative Copenhagen’s interpretation denying a trajectory of the electron but allowing a trajectory to the electron expectation value through the Ehrenfest theorem. The said expectation value is of course calculated using a solution of Pauli’s equation. A less orthodox approach is championed by Bohm, and attributes a velocity field
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Wang, Xiaoping, Shusai Zheng, Zhen Li, et al. "Radiation electron trajectory modulated DC surface flashover of polyimide in vacuum." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 20 (2022): 205201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac4cf8.

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Abstract Improving surface flashover voltage on vacuum-dielectric interface irradiated by electrons is a long-standing challenge for developing high-voltage and high-power spacecraft technology. The basic issue is understanding the role of radiation electrons in the process of surface flashover. In this paper, a ‘three-segment’ curve concerning the surface flashover properties under electron irradiation is discovered experimentally. As the gap distance of electrodes increase, the surface flashover voltage of polyimide during electron irradiation presents a trend of firstly increasing, then dec
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Ose, Youichi, and Kiyomi Yoshinari. "Axially symmetric electron beam trajectory simulation." Japan Journal of Industrial and Applied Mathematics 17, no. 3 (2000): 357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03167372.

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Kotel'nikov, I. A., and G. V. Stupakov. "Adiabatic theory of nonlinear electron-cyclotron resonance heating." Journal of Plasma Physics 45, no. 1 (1991): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800015464.

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Plasma heating at the electron-cyclotron frequency by an ordinary wave propagating at right-angles to a unidirectional magnetic field is considered. The injected microwave power is assumed to be sufficiently large that the relativistic change in electron gyrofrequency during one flight through the wave beam is much greater than inverse time of flight. The electron motion in the wave field is described using the Hamiltonian formalism in the adiabatic approximation. It is shown that energy coupling from the wave to electrons is due to a bifurcation of the electron trajectory, which results in a
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Chen, H., H. Gong, and C. K. Ong. "Classical electron trajectory in scanning electron microscope mirror image method." Journal of Applied Physics 76, no. 2 (1994): 806–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357753.

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Price, Joseph E. "Electron trajectory in an e/m experiment." American Journal of Physics 55, no. 1 (1987): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.14966.

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Kotera, M., and K. Tamura. "Simulation of the Spin Polarization Transfer of Electrons in a Solid." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (1997): 511–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600009442.

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The electron spin polarization scanning electron microscopy (Spin-SEM) has been used to image the surface magnetic structures of magnetic materials in the order of nra scale. However, the sensitivity of the Spin-SEM so far used is very low. To improve the sensitivity, it is necessary to find the best condition for the electron detection system. The Mott polarimeter has commonly been used in the Spin-SEM. In the present study the performance of the Mott polarimeter is discussed. The geometrical configuration and the value of the post acceleration of secondary electrons to the detector have been
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Sadighi-Bonabi, R., H. A. Navid, and P. Zobdeh. "Observation of quasi mono-energetic electron bunches in the new ellipsoid cavity model." Laser and Particle Beams 27, no. 2 (2009): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034609000299.

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AbstractIn this work, we introduce a new ellipsoid model to describe bubble acceleration of electrons and discuss the required conditions of forming it. We have found that the electron trajectory is strongly related to background electron energy and cavity potential ratio. In the ellipsoid cavity regime, the quality of the electron beam is improved in contrast to other methods, such as that using periodic plasma wakefield, spherical cavity regime, and plasma channel guided acceleration. The trajectory of the electron motion can be described as hyperbola, parabola, or ellipsoid path. It is infl
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Elliott, C. J., and D. C. Quimby. "Analytical treatment of electron-trajectory straightener issues in free-electron lasers." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 296, no. 1-3 (1990): 368–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(90)91235-4.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electron trajectory"

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Östlin, Christofer. "Single-molecule X-ray free-electron laser imaging : Interconnecting sample orientation with explosion data." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-231009.

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X-ray crystallography has been around for 100 years and remains the preferred technique for solving molecular structures today. However, its reliance on the production of sufficiently large crystals is limiting, considering that crystallization cannot be achieved for a vast range of biomolecules. A promising way of circumventing this problem is the method of serial femtosecond imaging of single-molecules or nanocrystals utilizing an X-ray free-electron laser. In such an approach, X-ray pulses brief enough to outrun radiation damage and intense enough to provide usable diffraction signals are e
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Lewis, Christopher James. "Development of a Methodology for Numerical Simulation of a D C ARC Discharge in a Liquid Dielectric." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2394.

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The majority of literature regarding the numerical simulation of arc discharges in gaseous environments has used a plasma physics approach. Virtually all simulations treat the discharge as an idealized gaseous plasma, which can be described by temperature, pressure, and electric field. This approach can work well if the media is a shielding gas such as Argon; however, the approach does not work well for processes such as underwater welding, EDM, and underwater discharges used to generate high purity particles. The reason these discharges do not have many extensive simulation efforts as describ
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Suares, Ian Greg. "Ice particle trajectory simulation." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/1610.

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Large ice particles shed from an airframe can cause damage to downstream aerodynamic surfaces and aft mounted engines. A simulation tool was developed to compute the trajectories of shed ice particles and determine the probability of these particles passing through a particular downstream location. The flowfield into which the ice particles shed was determined using CFD. The aerodynamic forces and moments acting on the ice particles were obtained from published literature and experimental data. Three, four and six degree of freedom trajectory simulation models were developed to compute the tra
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Kozák, Josef. "Scintilační detektor sekundárních elektronů s řízeným prouděním plynů pro EREM." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217926.

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This master’s thesis deals with a design and optimization of an experimental scintillation secondary electron detector for the environmental scanning electron microscope and with a description of a detector operation principle. The experiment is founded on simulations of a gas flow in detector inner sections and on simulations of secondary electron trajectories in electrostatic fields of the detector. On the basis of the simulations, new solutions of the detector designs are proposed. For these designs, same simulations as previous are performed and designs that seem to be feasible for the sec
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Santiteerakul, Wasana. "Trajectory Analytics." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc801885/.

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The numerous surveillance videos recorded by a single stationary wide-angle-view camera persuade the use of a moving point as the representation of each small-size object in wide video scene. The sequence of the positions of each moving point can be used to generate a trajectory containing both spatial and temporal information of object's movement. In this study, we investigate how the relationship between two trajectories can be used to recognize multi-agent interactions. For this purpose, we present a simple set of qualitative atomic disjoint trajectory-segment relations which can be utilize
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Kayumbi-Kabeya, Gabin-Wilfried. "Algorithms for trajectory integration in multiple views." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2009. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/573.

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This thesis addresses the problem of deriving a coherent and accurate localization of moving objects from partial visual information when data are generated by cameras placed in di erent view angles with respect to the scene. The framework is built around applications of scene monitoring with multiple cameras. Firstly, we demonstrate how a geometric-based solution exploits the relationships between corresponding feature points across views and improves accuracy in object location. Then, we improve the estimation of objects location with geometric transformations that account for lens distortio
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Anjum, Nadeem. "Trajectory based video analysis in multi-camera setups." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/629.

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This thesis presents an automated framework for activity analysis in multi-camera setups. We start with the calibration of cameras particularly without overlapping views. An algorithm is presented that exploits trajectory observations in each view and works iteratively on camera pairs. First outliers are identified and removed from observations of each camera. Next, spatio-temporal information derived from the available trajectory is used to estimate unobserved trajectory segments in areas uncovered by the cameras. The unobserved trajectory estimates are used to estimate the relative position
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Bereza-Jarocinski, Robert, and Therese Persson. "Autonomous Trajectory Tracking and Obstacle Avoidance." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214704.

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Autonomous ground vehicles (AGVs), such as selfdrivingcars, are expected to become a central part of infrastructurein future smart cities. There are many technicalchallenges with making vehicles autonomous. They have to beable to find their way in both free environments as well asin environments with obstacles and other vehicles. To achievethis, they require many sensors to analyze their surroundings.The aim with this paper is to investigate the sensor typesnormally used in AGVs, describe their functionality and alsoprovide a model of how an autonomous vehicle can navigate indifferent environm
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Bereza, Robert, and Therese Persson. "Autonomous Trajectory Tracking and Obstacle Avoidance." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214704.

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Autonomous ground vehicles (AGVs), such as selfdrivingcars, are expected to become a central part of infrastructurein future smart cities. There are many technicalchallenges with making vehicles autonomous. They have to beable to find their way in both free environments as well asin environments with obstacles and other vehicles. To achievethis, they require many sensors to analyze their surroundings.The aim with this paper is to investigate the sensor typesnormally used in AGVs, describe their functionality and alsoprovide a model of how an autonomous vehicle can navigate indifferent environm
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Lam, Hoi-yee. "Voltage-current trajectory a 2-dimensional approach to understand electrical load signatures /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3890861X.

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Books on the topic "Electron trajectory"

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Andrée, Michel. Siemens: Trajectoire d'une entreprise mondiale. Institute, éditeur, 1990.

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Predicting Vehicle Trajectory. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Motai, Yuichi, and Cesar Barrios. Predicting Vehicle Trajectory. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Motai, Yuichi, and Cesar Barrios. Predicting Vehicle Trajectory. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Motai, Yuichi, and Cesar Barrios. Predicting Vehicle Trajectory. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Motai, Yuichi, and Cesar Barrios. Predicting Vehicle Trajectory. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Motai, Yuichi, and Cesar Barrios. Predicting Vehicle Trajectory. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Staff. Trajectory Optimization of an Interstellar Mission Using Solar Electric Propulsion. Independently Published, 2018.

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Real-time trajectory optimization on parallel processors: Final report. Cornell University, 1993.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Real-time trajectory optimization on parallel processors: Final report. Cornell University, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Electron trajectory"

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Kinjo, Ryota, Koji Nagahara, Toshiteru Kii, et al. "Simulation of Electron Trajectory in Bulk HTSC Staggered Array Undulator." In Zero-Carbon Energy Kyoto 2011. Springer Japan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54067-0_23.

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Dong, C. Z., P. Nordlander, and T. E. Madey. "Trajectory Calculations of Electron Stimulated Desorption of Positive and Negative Ions." In Springer Series in Surface Sciences. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84145-3_4.

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Moskvin, V., L. Papiez̃, T. Tabata, and I. J. Das. "Calculations of Electron Deep Penetration Using the Method of Trajectory Rotation." In Advanced Monte Carlo for Radiation Physics, Particle Transport Simulation and Applications. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18211-2_33.

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Raviart, A., R. Ducros, P. Ferrando, et al. "Variations of the High Energy Electron Flux Along the Ulysses Trajectory." In The High Latitude Heliosphere. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0167-7_68.

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Sambe, H., and D. E. Ramaker. "Electron-Stimulated O− Desorption from O2 Condensed on a Rare-Gas Film: Evidence for an Indirect “Bounce” Trajectory." In Springer Series in Surface Sciences. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84145-3_34.

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Zelmann, Rina, Silvain Beriault, Kelvin Mok, et al. "Automatic Optimization of Depth Electrode Trajectory Planning." In Clinical Image-Based Procedures. Translational Research in Medical Imaging. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05666-1_13.

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Zelmann, Rina, Silvain Beriault, Kelvin Mok, et al. "Automatic Optimization of Depth Electrode Trajectory Planning." In Clinical Image-Based Procedures. Translational Research in Medical Imaging. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14127-5_13.

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Hendrix, Eligius M. T., Ana Maria A. C. Rocha, and Inmaculada García. "On Trajectory Optimization of an Electric Vehicle." In Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2019. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24302-9_18.

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Barker, John R., Scott Roy, and Sharif Babiker. "Trajectory Representations, Fluctuations, and Stability of Granular Electronic Devices." In Science and Technology of Mesoscopic Structures. Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66922-7_22.

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Yang, Jian, Mi Dong, and Yan Tang. "A Real-Time Optimized Trajectory Planning for a Fixed Wing UAV." In Advances in Mechanical and Electronic Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31507-7_46.

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Conference papers on the topic "Electron trajectory"

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Birmurzayez, S. B., and E. M. Yakushev. "Method of parameterization of exact electron trajectory equations." In SPIE Proceedings, edited by Anatoly M. Filachev. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.551801.

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Walker, D. G., and T. S. Fisher. "Electron Transport and Anode Heating Due to Field Emission From Carbon Nanotubes." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32126.

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Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are being considered for field emission applications because of their low turn-on voltage and ability to support large current densities. The localization of emission and large currents from CNTs result in significant anode heating. The present work investigates the electron energy distribution at the anode surface through simulation of the field emission process and the trajectory of electrons across the vacuum gap. Field emission is modeled by Fowler-Nordheim-like expressions where the emission site is assumed to be a ring with the diameter of a nanotube. The electron
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Chen, Kuo-Yi, and Bei-Jing Zhong. "Electron Trajectory Simulation in compact Hexapole ECR ion thruster." In AIAA AVIATION 2022 Forum. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3651.

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Suprapto, Taufik, Djoko Slamet Pudjorahardjo, Ihwanul Aziz, Saefurrohman, and Agus Purwadi. "Electron beam extraction trajectory as a function of extraction voltage on pulsed electron irradiator." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICSAS) 2019. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5141643.

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Vorobjov, G. S., A. G. Ponomarev, and A. A. Drozdenko. "Calculation of structure of electric field and trajectory analysis of electron beam in the axial-symmetric electron-optical system." In 2003 13th International Crimean Conference 'Microwave and Telecommunication Technology' Conference Proceedings. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/crmico.2003.158832.

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Kambarova, Zh T., A. O. Saulebekov, and K. B. Kopbalina. "The electron-optical scheme of the energy analyzer of small-sized electron spectrometer." In 8th International Congress on Energy Fluxes and Radiation Effects. Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56761/efre2022.r5-p-003102.

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The electron-optical scheme of the axially-symmetric electrostatic mirror-type energy analyzer of charged particles beam based on a multipole electrode system is proposed. The field of the energy analyzer is designed as a superposition of the base cylindrical field and set of circular octupole coaxial with base field. The trajectory analysis of the electron-optical system was carried out by a numerical method. Corpuscular-optical parameters of system are calculated. The “ring-ring” type third-order angular focusing scheme is found. The proposed energy analyzer has compactness and high corpuscu
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Goel, Vanya, Amitava Roy, and Namita Maiti. "3-D Particle Trajectory Tracking and Characterization of Electron Beam Parameters of High Power Electron Gun." In 2021 IEEE 2nd International Conference On Electrical Power and Energy Systems (ICEPES). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icepes52894.2021.9699622.

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"Simulation Of Electron Trajectory In The Cell-Projection Lithography Optical System." In Microprocesses and Nanotechnology '98. 1998 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference. IEEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imnc.1998.730010.

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Yaqi, Zhao, Zhang Rui, Wang Yong, and Yang Xiudong. "Study on Electron Trajectory of Cathode of 500kW Tetrode and Thermal Analysis Verification." In 2020 IEEE 6th International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccc51575.2020.9344875.

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Pendse, Rajendra D. "Fan-out Wafer-level Technology – A New Trajectory for Moore's Law scaling." In 2018 IEEE 2nd Electron Devices Technology and Manufacturing Conference (EDTM). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/edtm.2018.8421420.

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Reports on the topic "Electron trajectory"

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Seletskiy, S., M. Blaskiewicz, A. Fedotov, et al. Strategy for alignment of electron beam trajectory in LEReC cooling section. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1329782.

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Emma, P. Electron Trajectory in an Undulator with Dipole Field and BPM Errors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839700.

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Lazonick, William, Philip Moss, and Joshua Weitz. The Unmaking of the Black Blue-Collar Middle Class. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp159.

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In the decade after the Civil Rights Act of 1964, African Americans made historic gains in accessing employment opportunities in racially integrated workplaces in U.S. business firms and government agencies. In the previous working papers in this series, we have shown that in the 1960s and 1970s, Blacks without college degrees were gaining access to the American middle class by moving into well-paid unionized jobs in capital-intensive mass production industries. At that time, major U.S. companies paid these blue-collar workers middle-class wages, offered stable employment, and provided employe
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