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Poirrier, Julien. "Electronic Mitigation of Polarization Mode Dispersion." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34469.
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Polarization Mode Dispersion induces polarization dependent propagation. Consequently it generates a multiple imaging of the light pulse carrying the information. Its first order appears as a dual path fading channel of Maxwellian statistics. It results in harmful impairments that prevent the upgrade and installation of high bit-rate systems. The random process PMD exhibits a strong frequency dependence, so that its amelioration requires channel by channel, non-linear, adaptive mitigation. Electronic mitigation appears as a very attractive solution to overcome the limit set by the PMD.
Consequently, we considered the implementation of these solutions at the receiver in the electrical domain. We verified that these linear and non-linear equalization techniques can greatly reduce the power penalty due to PMD. Equalization's performance depends highly on the type of systems considered. For the two main types of systems: thermal noise limited systems and systems exhibiting ASE (systems using optical amplifiers), we demonstrated and quantified the induced improvement (measured as power penalty reduction). The most sophisticated technique that we considered (NLC+FDE) handles any kind of first order PMD within a 4 dB margin in the thermal noise limit. This extended to a 11 dB margin in the presence of ASE. This comes from the limitation set by the signal dependence of the noise. In fact, these DSP techniques do a better job at reducing very high penalty. Consequently, for a power and ISI limited link, it may be required to associate to electronic solutions optical compensation in order to reach acceptable performance. On the other hand, for links having large power margin or exhibiting reasonable PMD, electronic techniques appear as an easy, inexpensive and convenient solution.
We derived in this work the bounds to NLC performance in the presence of ASE. Therefore, we extended the usual results of the thermal noise limit to the particular case of signal dependent noise. We also made clear that optical systems, because of their noise specificities can not be studied or designed as others links. Notions such as eye opening, SNR and ISI need to be carefully defined and adapted to this case.
We have provided in this work PMD dependent power penalty map for known systems. Given the link's statistics and characteristics, one can determine, following our structure, which mitigation techniques allow upgrade.Master of Science
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Rugbeer, Hemduth. "Communicating by ordering electrons : the development of electronic communication as part of a secondary school Communication Science curriculum in the Language, Literacy and Communication learning area." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/314.
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A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of MA in Communication Science, University of Zululand, 2001.In this thesis I focus on the introduction of Electronic Cornmunication as part of an envisaged Communication Science curriculum in the Language, Literacy and Communication Learning area of the Further Education and Training band. In the course of my thesis I will show that the requisite elements of verbal and written cornmunication are dispersed throughout the Language, Literacy and Communication learning area in the General Education and Training band, and that they can be utilised as basis for formally introducing Communication Science, as a subject in the Language, literacy and Communication learning area in the Further Education and Train¬ing band. I also show that electronic communication will form a crucial area of study in such a Communication Science curriculum. I argue that due to the diversity of cultures in South Africa, cross-cultural cornmunication is required in such a curriculum. I also argue that by the very na¬ture of Outcomes-Based Education it is necessary to have a subject into our school curriculum that will form an interface with conceptual learning and experiential learning, that will contextu-alise language study within the more comprehensive scope of forms of human communication, and that will form an interface between the humanities and science to prevent the humanities from becoming soft options in Further Education and Training band learning programmes. To this effect I focus on the crucial role of Constructivism as integrating theory to account for vari¬ous approaches to motivational learning, the primary form of learning required in Outcomes-Based Education. I examine the principles of curriculum construction in OBE and its associated culture of learn¬ing against the backdrop of the theory of Situated Cognition. This presents a platform to argue the case for Electronic Communication as part of Communication Science in the Further Edu¬cation and Training band curricula in South African schools.
National Research Foundation
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Popescu, Radu‐Adrian. "Carborane derivatives with electron rich moieties. Synthesis, properties and electronic communication." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/117472.
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El treball que es presenta en aquesta tesi és la continuació i ampliació de la feina feta en el nostre grup de recerca en els darrers anys sobre derivats de l’o-carborà que porten grups rics en electrons. L’objectiu global de la tesi és la síntesis i l’estudi teòric d’aquests derivats.
Gairebé tots els compostos sintetitzats en aquest treball s’han obtingut directament a partir de l’o-carborà. La funcionalització dels àtoms de carboni de l’o-carborà es fa en dos etapes. En un primer pas, s’afegeix un agent per arrancar el protons, com són els compostos organolitiats, les amides alcalines, els hidrurs alcalins; i tot seguit, s’afegeix un electròfil (diòxid de carboni, calcogen, halogen, halurs, epòxids, aldehids). Tot i que la substitució dels dos àtoms de carboni del clúster d’o-carborà S’obté pràcticament sempre, la monosubstitució no és gens trivial, perquè sempre ve acompanyada de la disubstitució. Per això, el primer objectiu d’aquest treball ha sigut l’estudi experimental i teòric de la influencia dels dissolvents eterats (Et2O, THF or DME) en la formació dels compostos organolitiats, utilitzant com a plataforma el 1,2-C2B10H12.
Tot i que les fosfines de l’o-carborà són uns dels derivats més estudiats, la investigació de les seves propietats electròniques no ho ha sigut tant. Les carboranilfosfines varen ésser sintetitzades per primer cop fa més de 50 anys, però cap estudi sistemàtic i exhaustiu sobre les reaccions d’oxidació s’havia fet fins ara. Per tant, un altre objectiu d’aquest treball ha sigut l’estudi de les reaccions d’oxidació de les carboranilfosfines amb peròxid d’hidrogen, sofre i seleni; i la seva avaluació com a lligands. Un cop sintetitzats aquests compostos, hem fet un estudi teòric que ha tingut els següents objectius: i) veure la influència dels grups fosfina i fosfina oxidada en els efects electrònics del clúster d’o-carborà; ii) veure els efectes electrònics en les closo-carboranilmonofosfines; iii) veure la labilitat del enllaç fòsfor-calcogen en els monocalcògens dels carboranilmono- i carboranildifosfines; iv) estudiar dels processos de oxidació i degradació; v) estudiar la comunicació intramolecular en les carboranildifosfines aniòniques oxidades.
Un altre grup ric en electrons és el grup formil (-CHO), que una vegada afegit a un clúster d’o-carborà, veure les seves propietats altament modificades. Tot i que el carboranilformaldehid es coneix des de fa temps, hi ha pocs estudis sobre la seva reactivitat. Per tant un altre objectiu d’aquest treball ha sigut l’estudi de la reactivitat d’aquest compost amb la finalitat d’obtenir nous derivats. Per això hem estudiat: i) l’addició nucleofílica al grup carbonílic del derivat litiat de l’o-carborà per obtenir derivats amb múltiples clústers d’o-carborà; ii) la substitució electrofílica dels substrats aromàtics emprant el carboranilformaldehid activat amb la finalitat d’obtenir derivats de l’o-carborà amb propietats luminescents; iii) les reaccions de Wittig i Horner-Wadaworth-Emmons emprant ja sigui el carboranilformaldehid ó els derivats de l’o-carborà amb grups fosfonat i sals de fosfoni.
Per l’últim hem estudiat la síntesis de nous derivats utilitzant com a plataforma la carboranilpiridina. Les reaccions estudiades han sigut: i) la metal·lació de la carboranilpiridina amb complexos de Pd(II), Ir(III), Rh(III) i Ru(II); ii) la síntesis de lligands híbrids carboranilpiridina-fosfina i les seves reaccions de complexació amb Pd(II) i Rh(I); iii) la síntesis de un derivat de la carboranilpiridina que inclou un grup borà; iv) la síntesis de un derivat cobaltabis(dicarballur)-dipiridina.The work presented in this manuscript is the continuation and extension of the work done in our group during the last years on the carborane derivatives with electron rich moieties. The main objective of this work is to synthesize and to study by computational means new derivatives of carborane with electron rich moieties. Almost all the compounds synthesized in this work are directly achieved from o-carborane. The direct modification of the C vertexes of the o-carborane is done in two steps. First a deprotonating agent as organolithium compounds, alkali-metal amides or alkali-metal hydrides is added, followed by the addition of a suitable electrophile (carbon dioxide, chalcogens, halogens, halides, epoxides, aldehydes). Although the substitution at the both carbon atoms is always achieved, the monosubstitution is not so trivial, being almost always accompanied by the disubstituted derivative. For that, the first specific objective of this work was to study both experimentally and by computational means the influence of ethereal solvents (Et2O, THF or DME) on the formation of organolithiated compounds, based on the 1,2-C2B10H12 platform. Though the o-carborane derivatives with phosphorus moieties were the most studied synthetically and some of their properties were exploited, still work has to be done to understand their electronic properties that may ultimate lead to a rationalized design of new derivatives. The carboranylphosphines are known for more than 50 years ago, but no systematic and comprehensive investigation on their oxidation reactions were found in the literature as well as investigations on the electronic properties of these phosphines. For that the second specific objective was the study of the oxidation of carboranylphsophines with hydrogen peroxide, sulphur and selenium and to examine their properties as ligands. Once the synthetic study on the carboranylphosphines and their oxides and chalcogenides was completed, we proceeded with the third specific objective that was the computational study of the carboranylphosphines and their oxides and chalcogenides. The computational study contains: i) the contribution of phosphine and oxidized phosphine moieties to the electronic effects on the o-carborane cluster; ii) electronic effects in closo-carboranylmonophosphines; iii) the lability of the phosphorus-chalcogen bonds in carboranylmono- and carboranyldiphsophine monochalcogenides; iv) the oxidation/degradation processes study; and v) intramolecular communication in oxidized anionic carboranyldiphosphines. Other moiety that is rich in electrons is the formyl group, that once attached to o-carborane cluster its properties are highly modified. Though the carboranylformadehyde is long known in the literature, studies on its reactivity are rare. For that, the fourth objective was to understand the reactivity carboranylformaldehyde as platform for new derivatives. For that we studied: i) the nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group with lithated carborane in order to synthesize “confined space” multi-cage compounds; ii) the electrophilic substitution reactions of aromatic substrates with activated carboranylformaldehyde, in order to obtain derivatives with luminescent properties; and iii) the Wittig and Horner-Wadaworth-Emmons reaction using carboranylformaldehyde and carborane containing phosphonates and phosphonium salts. The fifth specific objective was the study of carboranylpyridine as platform for new derivatives, for which we studied: i) the metalation reaction of carboranylpyridine with Pd(II), Ir(III), Rh(III) and Ru(II); ii) synthesis of carboranylpyridine-phosphine hybrid ligands and complexation reactions of these ligands through Pd(II) and Rh(I) complexes; iii) synthesis of carboranylpyridine-borane derivative; and iv) synthesis of cobalta(bisdicarbollide)-pyridine derivative.
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Jackson, Thomas William. "The cost effectiveness of electronic communication." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7555.
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Electronic communication is becoming an integral part of the communication structure within organisations, but the costs and benefits are not being assessed. Communication by email is usually assumed to be an efficient and effective means of sending messages. However, on analysis the process is seen to be much more complex and much less efficient than is normally assumed. Communication is carried out in many different forms, but the common underlying motive of communication is to improve working practices and to increase productivity. As communication pervades nearly everything we do, even small improvements in the effectiveness and cost of our communication processes can have significant benefits. The aim of this research was to analyse the cost effectiveness of using email and to suggest ways in which the cost effectiveness can be improved. A number of studies have been conducted into the cost effectiveness of email within organisations. The studies were carried out mainly at the Danwood Group, the company sponsoring the author's PhD research. The Danwood Group has just over 500 employees at 19 sites around the UK and its head office is based in Lincoln, where all of the email case studies in this thesis where undertaken. The Danwood Group retails office equipment, predominately photocopiers. Email behaviour was monitored by the use of software at the Danwood Group. This raised a number of questions on the ethical issues of electronic monitoring. This thesis explores these issues and proposes a set of guidelines to allow electronic monitoring within strict professional and ethical guidelines. The Danwood Group studies examined how and when email was used. It was found that, when the company first started using email, over two thirds of messages were non-business-related, though this dropped to less than half in a few months. It was also found that many messages could be delivered in one line of text. A one-line message service was introduced and this was found to save employee time for both senders and receivers of the messages. A costing formula was developed measuring the human cost of operating email messaging. The final study was to determine how long it took employees to recover and return to normal work after an email interruption and this was compared with published data for telephone interrupts. From these results a set of guidelines were developed to enable companies to make the most efficient use of email. The thesis concludes by identifying further areas of research into email usage that would help give a better understanding of methods to enable email to become even more cost effective.
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Cremers, Jonathan. "Electronic communication in heterometallated porphyrin oligomers." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2a9d43e5-1700-4f74-be65-288fdcca1357.
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This thesis presents the synthesis and characterisation of a range of heterometallated porphyrin oligomers and other novel 3D π-conjugated porphyrin nanostructures. Subsequently, their physical organic properties were evaluated which revealed some fascinating electronic properties. Chapter 1 summarises some of the work done in the Anderson group on porphyrin nanostructures and reviews the literature regarding heterometallated porphyrin oligomers. In addition it introduces the main concepts and techniques used in the remainder of the thesis. In Chapter 2 the stabilities of a family of four linear porphyrin pentamer complexes are determined by UV-vis-NIR titrations and analysed using chemical double-mutant cycles which reveal that the binding energy of the copper centre to an axial pyridine ligand is -6.2 kJ mol-1. Subsequently, the Zn-Zn-Cu-Zn-Zn pentamer is used in the synthesis of a heterometallated 10-porphyrin nanoring. Chapter 3 will describe the investigation of quantum interference phenomena in a bis-copper six-porphyrin nanoring by using EPR spectroscopy. We show that the exchange coupling between two spin centres is increased by a factor 4.5 in the ring structure with two parallel coupling pathways as compared to an otherwise identical system with just one coupling path. In Chapter 4 the syntheses of three isomers of the bis-copper 6-porphyrin nanoring are described. DFT calculations have indicated potential destructive interference phenomena in one of the isomers which would allow for the formation of a molecular system with behaviour resembling that of a hypothetical molecular interferometer. Chapter 5 reports on the template-directed synthesis of a π-conjugated 14-porphyrin nanoball. This bicyclic structure consists of two intersecting nanorings of 6 and 10 porphyrin units. Fluorescence up-conversion spectroscopy experiments demonstrate that electronic excitation delocalises over the whole 3D π-system within 0.3 ps if the nanoball is bound to its templates or within 5 ps if the nanoball is empty. In Chapter 6 the synthesis and characterisation of a D4h symmetric analogue of the porphyrin nanoball is described. The structure consists of ten porphyrin units arranged as two perpendicular 6-porphyrin nanorings intersecting at two porphyrins. In the synthesis, a combination of magnesium and zinc porphyrins are used which allows for the introduction of a selective demetallation method crucial for accessing this novel structure.
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Lombo, Sipho. "E-communication in knowledge management : where e-communication could take organisations." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/887.
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Submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (D.Phil) in the Department of Communication Science at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2004.This dissertation focuses on the contribution of electronic communication (e-Communication) to knowledge management. It is based on an empirical survey of knowledge management practitioners in the private, public and NGO sectors in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The major findings of this study are (1) that many knowledge management practitioners have not received any formal training in knowledge management, (2) that for most of them their practices are not informed by explicit knowledge management policies, (3) that there is no culture of sharing knowledge established within particular organisations, and finally (4) that knowledge managers are not using e-learning facilities to keep their knowledge of knowledge management current.
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Bezuidenhout, Quintus. "Satellite communications strategy selection for optimal LEO satellite communication." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71930.
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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A low earth orbit satellite system can be useful in numerous communication applications where physical connections are not possible. Communication time available from any point on earth to the satellite is less than one hour per day. This one hour is fragmented into smaller time slots due to the satellite orbiting. This is not much time to transfer data and there is even less time available to transfer data when there are other external factors affecting the system. It is thus crucial to optimise the satellite communications link so that more data can be transferred per orbit. The goal of this thesis is to improve the performance of a low earth orbit satellite communication channel by varying certain parameters of the system, such as the protocol used, modulation scheme, packet size, transmission power etc. and then to observe how these parameters influence the system. The protocols that were chosen to be implemented are CSMA-CA, CSMA-CA with DSSS technology and Round-Robin Polling. A simulator for each protocol was designed with the Opnet platform, so that specific parameters could be changed and the results observed, in order to optimise the communications link between the satellite and ground stations. The results showed that there is no particular configuration of modulation scheme, packet size, transmission power etc. presenting the best overall solution for LEO satellite communications. It must be considered what the specific LEO satellite application would be used for and the characteristics required by that specific application. A suitable configuration must subsequently be chosen from the set of configurations available to satisfy most of the application requirements.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: ’n Satelliet met ’n lae wentelbaan kan gebruik word in verskeie kommunikasie toepassings waar fisiese verbindinge nie noodwendig moontlik is nie. Die kommunikasietyd van enige punt van aarde af na die satelliet, is minder as een uur per dag. Hierdie tyd word nog verder verklein omdat die satelliet besig is om, om die aarde te wentel. ’n Uur is glad nie baie tyd om data oor te dra nie en in realiteit is daar nog minder tyd beskikbaar as daar eksterne faktore op die sisteem inwerk. Dus is dit baie belangrik om die satelliet kommunikasiekanaal te optimiseer sodat soveel moontlik data as moontlik oorgedra kan word per omwenteling. Die doel van hierdie tesis is om die deurset van die kommunikasiekanaal van n lae wentelbaan satelliet te optimiseer, deur verskeie parameters te verander soos, protokol wat gebruik word, modulasie skema, pakkie grootte, transmissiekrag ens. en dan waar te neem hoe dit die sisteem beïnvloed. Die protokolle wat geïmplementeer is, is CSMA-CA, CSMA-CA met DSSS tegnologie en Round-Robin Polling. ’n Simulator vir elke protokol was ontwerp in die Opnet simulasie platform, sodat die spesifieke parameters verander kon word om die resultate te bestudeer met die doel om die kommunikasiekanaal tussen die satelliet en grond stasies optimaal te benut. Die resultate het bewys dat daar geen spesifieke konfigurasie van modulasie skema, pakkie grootte, transmissiekrag ens. is wat die algehele beste oplossing is nie. Die spesifieke applikasie waarvoor die lae wentelbaan satelliet gaan gebruik word moet geanaliseer word sowel as die spesifieke karakteristieke van daai applikasie. Daarvolgens moet n unieke konfigurasie opgestel word wat meeste van die applikasie se behoeftes bevredig.
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Flesher, Theresa M. "Nonverbal communication cues in the electronic medium." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2006. http://165.236.235.140/lib/TFlesher2006.pdf.
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Thomaz, Andrea L. "Understanding implicit social context in electronic communication." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61858.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-72).
Artificial Intelligence (Al) has shown competence in helping people with complex cognitive decisions like air traffic control and playing chess. The goal of this work is to demonstrate that Al can help people with social decisions. In this work Artificial Intelligence of Social Networks is used to improve human-human communication, recognizing the social characteristics of human relations in order to achieve a more natural online communication interface. Can a computer learn to understand the value of communication? It is shown here that a first attempt at social context classification performs with almost 70% reliability. Could a computer use this to help a person relate to other people through technology? The addition of social context to an email interface is shown to have a positive effect in a user's online communication behavior. Email is a tool that people use practically every day, making an implicit statement about their relationships with other people, and providing an opportunity for a computer to learn about their social network. Furthermore, over the years people have come to utilize and depend on email more in their daily lives, but the tool has hardly changed to help people deal with the overwhelming amount of information. Many of the social cues that allow people to naturally function with their social network are not inherent or obvious in Computer Mediated Communication (CMC). This work offers automatic social network analysis as a means to bring these cues to CMC and to foster the user's coherent understanding of the people and resources of their communication network.
by Andrea Lyn Lockerd.
S.M.
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Cameron, Nancy G. "From ‘To’ to ‘Send’: Professional Electronic Communication." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7069.
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Britto, Renata Carvalho. "Branding and communication on Twitter." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/3944.
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New media developed in the 21st century allows for conversations and interactions among people and organizations online. This capacity is referred to as social media (Safko & Brake, 2009). Twitter is the most active social media tool and influences the use of other social networks (Webster, 2010). Companies are entering Twitter to engage in conversations with their publics and modifying their branding strategies to work within this new medium (Jansen et al., 2009). This study attempts to understand how news media companies that use traditional media, are integrating social media branding strategies into their efforts to engage consumers. The main research question posed in this study is: How are news media companies using branding strategies to create a relationship with their target audiences through social media? To answer this research question, a literature review was developed, which presented definitions and theories of media, social media and branding. Additionally, data were analyzed from six news media companies present on Twitter through a thematic analysis. Specifically, tweets posted by three national and three local news media organizations collected over a two month period from February 1 – April 1, 2011 were analyzed considering premises and theories from McLuhan and Powers (1989); McLuhan (1994; 2002), Ong (2002), Poster (1995), Lévy, Li and Bernoff (2008), Jansen, Zhang, Sobel, and Chowdury (2009), Kotler and Keller (2006), Hatch & Schultz (2002), and others. The results showed that news media companies are communicating to their audience in three manners: spreading information, promoting marketing strategies, and generating conversations. This study also presents the potential that companies have to develop an organizational identity on Twitter and social mediaThesis (M.A.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences,Elliot School of Communication
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Hoff, Erik Stjernholm. "Distributed Generation - Power Electronic Converters, Communication and Control." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Information Technology, Mathematics and Electrical Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1620.
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This thesis tries to explain the changes in the control of power electronic converters that are possible by the use of communication. Many of the renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic panels are geographically dispersed. The power rating per generator is therefore typically low. If this kind of energy source should dominate an electrical grid, the number of generators must be high. There should also be means of controlling this large number of generators simultaneously and safely. The cost of safe communication may be too high compared to the power contribution of a single generator. The Internet offers a low-cost solution, but it cannot guarantee real-time properties. Similarly to the Internet itself, it is shown how communication errors can be detected and handled in a safe manner by the end-system, in this case the generator. The generator can detect a communication timeout, and change control algorithms in order to guard itself and the connected electricity grid. When necessary, it can also disconnect and work as a local standalone power supply. In order to be able to supply all kinds of loads, the generator (in this case an inverter) is primarily voltage controlled. This results in challenges concerning current distortion. The use of feed-forward for cancellation of common grid voltage harmonics is discussed, simulated and measured. An anti-islanding algorithm for voltage controlled inverters is also developed, simulated and measured in this thesis. A DC/DC-converter for optimized connection of a photovoltaic panel is built, exploiting the photovoltaic panel properties to reduce the size and the losses significantly. Although most contributions are connected to details and parts of the system, the interactions between communication and control are emphasized.
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Laguda, W. B. "Electronic government, information communication technologies and social inclusion." Thesis, University of Salford, 2003. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26767/.
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The UK's E-Government agenda was found on the principles of improving the quality of services offered to the public by Central and Local Government. This would be made possible through various national projects. Most notable were the use of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Community Informatics involving the use of public libraries and outreach workers. However there is growing fear on the emergence of inequalities between the information rich and information poor termed the 'digital divide'. This has prompted the subject of research - to explore the reality of e-government in reducing social exclusion. Both qualitative and quantitative research techniques are used to this end. Analysis is made on the use of CRM in 27 Local Authorities including a detailed case study at Newham Council and a public survey in Salford. Universal access and social inclusion is tackled through the analysis of public libraries in Salford offering ICT services. In addition the effects of free ICT courses organised by Salford City Council on a number of community groups was included in the survey. The findings confirm the widespread use of CRM and reveal a series of barriers to its success. These include a lack of skilled CRM staff, inefficiencies in channel management, high emphasis on technology, and low levels of ICT usage. Results from the public library survey also revealed some barriers. Inadequate staffing levels, inappropriate training, and lack of IT support were all identified. In addition the library failed to attract novices and new users. The evaluation of Community Informatics in Salford showed the problems faced by outreach workers. As well as providing some academic research in a field lacking representation in IS research (due largely to recent emergence), the thesis also contributes to E-Government practice by, highlighting issues often over looked in its implementation, addressing its failures, and providing some reasoning on the current situation.
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Hunt, Rex A. E., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, and of Agriculture Horticulture and Social Ecology Faculty. "Philomythes : religious narrative communication in an electronic age." THESIS_FAHSE_XXX_Hunt_R.xml, 1993. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/331.
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It is the author’s thesis that religious communication which is shaped by narrative has consequences that are different from communication based on persuasion by argument. While ‘narrative’ can include both written and spoken communication, this study attempts to concentrate on oral narrative communication in a group situation within a local church congregation. It is also an assumption of this thesis that there is a common belief that narrative is subordinate to rhetoric. This thesis sets out to suggest otherwise: that while both provide distinctive ways of ordering experience the two are irreducible to one another. Thus there is a need to reimagine the narrative communication debate. This thesis suggests this reimagining be called ‘narrative/symbolic’ – thus emphasising its narrativity. Narrative /symbolic communication : encourages reflection but is different from analytical, rationalistic thinking; is heuristic by nature, searching for likely accounts rather than definitions and conclusions; establishes an awareness of/ communion with the world of the other rather than just seeking after/interpreting meaning; has potential to broaden human conversation by repudiating mere individualism; and, is more faithful to the general shape of the religious tradition which is Christianity. Such a ‘style’ should shape religious communication in the electronic media-saturated age.Master of Science (Hons)
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Hunt, Rex A. E. "Philomythes : religious narrative communication in an electronic age /." [S.l. : s.n.], 1993. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20031204.114518/index.html.
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Laval, Ernesto. "Shared construction of knowledge through electronic mail communication." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268712.
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Kandies, Jerry T. "Electronic mail: attitudes, self-efficacy, and effective communication." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39999.
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The purpose of this study was (a) to investigate the functional use of e-mail in a university setting and the relationship of attitudes toward and self-efficacy with email technology, and (b) to evaluate writing effectiveness in an electronic medium. The study also sought to determine if certain personal characteristics could serve as predictor variables for explaining e-mail use, attitudes toward email, and self-efficacy with e-mail technology.
The population of interest was the teaching faculty at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University who had a published e-mail address. A random sample of 500 faculty were sent a survey via campus mail. A total of 262 usable responses provided data for statistical treatment which included factor analysis and multiple regression. Additionally, 30 self-selected respondents provided copies of e-mail messages they had written. These messages were rated holistically for writing effectiveness, and the ratings were examined for their relationship with the extent of e-mail use, attitudes toward e-mail, and self-efficacy with e-mail technology.
The items on the attitude toward e-mail scale clustered into two factors, "Usefulness," and "Comfort/Anxiety." The items on the e-mail purposes of use scale also clustered into two factors, "Task Use," and "Social Use." These factors were similar to the ones on the instruments from which this study's instrument was adapted.
The results of the regression analyses indicated that several of the variables were significant predictors of e-mail use, attitudes toward e-mail, and self-efficacy with e-mail technology. An attitude of e-mail's usefulness and self-efficacy with e-mail technology were significant predictors of the extent of e-mail task and social use. Self-efficacy was a significant predictor of positive attitudes of usefulness and comfort. Age was a significant predictor of social use of e-mail as well as of a positive attitude of e-mail's usefulness. Years e-mail had been used was a significant predictor of the extent of e-mail use and of self-efficacy. Higher ranking teaching faculty had more positive attitudes of e-mail's usefulness.
The results of analyses of holistic ratings indicate no significant correlations existed among the variables. Recommendations for instruction and for further research are described.Ph. D.
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Hólmgeirsson, Jón Helgi. "Enhancing the Performer-Spectator Communication at Electronic Concerts." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22468.
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During the traditional electronic musical performances there is a lack of communication between the performer and spectator. Communication is necessary to a performance as it is a social act, created both by the performer, as well as the spectator. Through exploring the augmentation of visibility and physicality in regards to the electronic performance I attempt to enhance that communication through a concept called Sonicality, created out of the findings of this paper, that addresses the use of tactile vibrations, controlled by a performer in a visible manner, received on the spectator’s body, in relation to the music heard. Through the validation of this concept I manage to get an insight into the spectators’ needs and desires, grounding the validity of the concept as something that augments experience, interaction and understanding, enhancing the performer-spectator communication.
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Kandies, Jerry. "Electronic mail : attitudes, self-efficacy, and effective communication /." This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10192006-115608/.
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Tang, Chuanyi. "Understanding the Electronic Word-of-Mouth Communication Process: Communication Effectiveness and Analytic Tools." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194930.
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Electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) has increasingly become an important topic in marketing and consumer research. However, theory construction and methodology development in this area are still in their infancy. This leaves some basic and important questions unanswered including whether eWOM communication is effective, what roles are played by different communication cues, and how valuable information from text reviews can be generated. This study intends to answer these fundamental questions.Based on the Brunswik's Len Model, this study developed the Process Model of eWOM Communication. It extends the Brunswik's Lens Model in several important ways and provides a systematic tool to examine the effectiveness of eWOM communication processes. Furthermore, a simplified model of eWOM communication was developed to test the validity of automatic text analysis as a promising tool in studying eWOM communication.Two focus group interviews and a throughout literature review were conducted first to identify the communication cues employed by eWOM partners. Then, two web-based self-administered surveys were carried out to collect data from both eWOM senders and readers. Last, the data from both eWOM senders and readers were matched, forming a final dataset with 90 reviews. Correlations, regressions, and path analyses were employed to evaluate the models and test the hypotheses.Results showed that eWOM communication is effective, and the relative strength of information flow varies in different eWOM communication links when communicating different types of information.This study identified a list of eWOM communication cues and found that consumers employ different cues in communicating different types of information. EWOM readers' inference structure in decoding may not exactly mirror eWOM senders' encoding structure. Moreover, communication cues especially verbal cues play an important role in eWOM communication and explain additional variance in eWOM partners' intentions and perceptions beyond and above the star ratings. In general, negative emotion words are the most important cues across various situations.In addition, this study provides initial evidence for the validity of automatic text analysis in studying eWOM. Linguistic indicators such as Negations, Negative Emotions, and Money can explain additional variance in eWOM partners' attitudes and emotions beyond and above the star ratings.
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Liang, Wei. "Cooperative communication for cognitive radio networks." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/382935/.
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A Cooperative Cognitive Radio (CCR) network, which integrates a conventional cooperative system and cognitive radios (CRs) into a holistic system, is a promising paradigm for the next generation mobile communication systems. The spectral efficiency, power efficiency, bandwidth reduction and system complexity in CCR networks are the fundamental parameters of our system design and optimization. In this thesis, we focus our attention on opportunistically exploiting the underutilized spectrum band in the CR network with the aid of cooperative protocols. Furthermore, we invoke channel coding schemes in our CCR system in order to improve the overall system throughput. In our CCR system, the overlay based cooperation scheme of Primary Users (PUs) and Cognitive Users (CUs) is considered, which has the potential of leading to a transmission power reduction and transmission rate improvement for both the PU and the CU. More explicitly, our cooperative protocol allows a group of CUs to serve as Relay Nodes (RNs) for relaying the signal of the PUs’ transmitters to the PUs’ intended destinations. To elaborate further, both one way relaying and two-way relaying schemes are used in our proposed system, so that the bandwidth requirement of the PUs is reduced. Alternatively, the freed bandwidth may be leased to a group of CUs for their secondary communications. Our numerical and simulation results show that the bandwidth reduction attained by the proposed two-way relaying based CR scheme may approach as much as 80% of the PU’s bandwidth. Moreover, an Adaptive Dynamic Network Coding (ADNC) scheme is also conceived for this overlay CCR system, which is designed for supporting communications between multiple PUs and a common Base Station (BS). More particularly, the near-instantaneously Adaptive Turbo Trellis Coded Modulation (ATTCM) is employed for appropriately adjusting both the modulation mode as well as the channel coding rate and the network coding rate, according to the near-instantaneous channel conditions. In order to facilitate the recovery of the source information at the BS, the CUs invoke the ADNC technique, which is assisted by our cooperative protocol operating by exchanging the CCR-based control information between the near-instantaneously ATTCM and network coding codec as well as between the CUs and the BS. Additionally, the network encoder may also be activated in its adaptive mode for supporting the CUs, depending on the Boolean value of the feedback flags generated based on the success/failure of the ATTCMdecoder and of the network decoder, which is evaluated and fed back by the BS. Quantitatively, it was found that the joint holistic design of our ATTCM-ADNC-CCR scheme is either capable of freeing up an approximately 40% of the PU’s bandwidth in comparison to its non-cooperative counterpart, or increasing the attainable throughput by as much as 2 bit/symbol. Furthermore, a Pragmatic Distributed Algorithm (PDA) is proposed for supporting the efficient spectral access of multiple PUs and CUs in CCR networks. The novelty of our PDA is that the Pus negotiate with the CUs concerning the specific amount of relaying and transmission time, and the CU will decide either to accept or to decline this offer. These CUs relay the signal received from the PUs to the PUs’ receiver, but only when both the PUs’ and the CUs’ minimum rate requirements are satisfied. Moreover, we show that the cooperative spectral access based on our PDA reaches an equilibrium, when it is repeated for a sufficiently long duration. These benefits are achieved, because the PUs are motivated to cooperate by the incentive of achieving a higher PU rate, whilst defecting from cooperation can be discouraged with the aid of a limited-duration punishment. Therefore, our proposed PDA outperforms the benchmark, despite its significantly lower overhead and lower complexity. Finally, we present the joint design of coding, modulation, user-cooperation and CR techniques, which may lead to significant mutual benefits for both the PUs and the CUs.
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Allen, Katherine M. "Dark solitons in optical communication systems." Thesis, Aston University, 1995. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/8098/.
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This thesis presents experimental and theoretical work on the use of dark optical solitons as data carriers in communications systems. The background chapters provide an introduction to nonlinear optics, and to dark solitons, described as intensity dips in a bright background, with an asymmetrical phase profile. The motivation for the work is explained, considering both the superior stability of dark solitons and the need for a soliton solution suitable for the normal, rather than the anomalous (bright soliton) dispersion regime. The first chapters present two generation techniques, producing packets of dark solitons via bright pulse interaction, and generating continuous trains of dark pulses using a fibre laser. The latter were not dark solitons, but were suitable for imposition of the required phase shift by virtue of their extreme stability. The later chapters focus on the propagation and control of dark solitons. Their response to periodic loss and gain is shown to result in the exponential growth of spectral sidebands. This may be suppressed by reducing the periodicity of the loss/gain cycle or using periodic filtering. A general study of the response of dark solitons to spectral filtering is undertaken, showing dramatic differences in the behaviour of black and 99.9% grey solitons. The importance of this result is highlighted by simulations of propagation in noisy systems, where the timing jitter resulting from random noise is actually enhanced by filtering. The results of using sinusoidal phase modulation to control pulse position are presented, showing that the control is at the expense of serious modulation of the bright background. It is concluded that in almost every case, dark and bright solitons have very different properties, and to continue to make comparisons would not be so productive as to develop a deeper understanding of the interactions between the dark soliton and its bright background.
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Sokolova, Marina. "Learning from communication data: Language in electronic business negotiations." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29317.
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When people communicate, language is one of the means of reaching the goal of communication. Negotiations by electronic means is an example of communication where language is the principal deal-making tool. Negotiators use language to persuade, threaten and query, aiming to get the largest piece of the pie, to reach a compromise or to find prospective partners. Here is a sample from electronic negotiations, with the original spelling, punctuation and capitalization:
Seller. Dear BuTTerFLy Thanks for your offer. I see there are still some things that have to be thought about. We both come along with payment upon delivery. I could imagine a price of $3.98 and delivery 45 days, but unfortunately with the returns i cant make you any other offers. I hope you quite like this offer. Im sure an agreement will be found. Im looking forward to your respond, daisy.
Buyer. To my dearest friend daisy... Thank you for your quick respond, I quite like your second offer. However I'll be more than happy if the price goes down to 3.71$ and the delivery would be within 30 days (about the payment and the return I don't have any problems with them). I'll really appreciate it if you accept the offer I just made, but if you don't, I'm sure somehow we'll come up with an agreement. yours faithfully BuTTerFLy!!!!!
We apply statistical modelling and build a semantic lexicon to find the characteristics of e-negotiation data which make it unique. We find language patterns that signal of negotiator roles and success or failure of negotiations.
Research in human communication shows that it is very difficult to find the characteristics of unsuccessful activities and communication corresponding to them. The interesting and promising result of this dissertation comes in the form of identifying two sets of features that characterize successful and unsuccessful communication respectively. We use these sets to represent negotiations and then classify the negotiation outcomes. The results show the advantage of the proposed feature selection approach compared with the popular statistical selection.
We apply our research to the largest available collection of electronic negotiations and, when appropriate, to data of face-to-face negotiations. In the dissertation we employ methods developed for Corpus Linguistics, Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning. We investigate the ability of the methods to model and classify the data. Throughout the dissertation we examine hypotheses on language, learning and the process of electronic negotiations.
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Gaudet, Cynthia. "Electronic Bedside Documentation and Nurse-Patient Communication: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2014. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsn_diss/32.
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Nurses are often the first members of the health care team with whom patients interact. The initial impression of the nurses’ receptiveness to the patients’ needs influences the patients’ views of their overall care. Researchers have suggested that understanding communication between individuals can provide the human link, or social element, to the successful implementation and use of electronic health records, including documentation (Lanham, Leykum, & McDaniel, 2012). Zadvinskis, Chipps, and Yen (2014) identified that the helpful features of bedside documentation systems were offset by the mismatch between the system and nurse’s workflow. The purpose of this micro-ethnography study was to explore the culture of nurse-patient interaction associated with electronic documentation at the bedside. Data were collected through passive participant observation, audio-taping of the nurse-patient interactions, and informal and semi-structured interviews with the nurses. A total of twenty-six observations were conducted on three nursing units at an urban healthcare facility in New England. These three units were occupied by similar patient populations and all patients required cardiac monitoring. Three themes consistently emerged from qualitative data analysis: the nurses paused during verbal communication, the nurses played a game of tag between the patient and the computer, and the nurses performed automatic or machine-like actions. The participants described these themes in the informal and semi-structured interviews. The nurses’ actions were observed during passive participant observation, and the audio-taped interactions supported these themes. Understanding the adaptation of caregiving necessitated by bedside electronic documentation will have a positive impact on developing systems that interface seamlessly with the nurses’ workflow and encourage patients’ active participation in their care.
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Jiang, Junyi. "Optical wireless communication systems." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/387239/.
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In recent years, Optical Wireless (OW) communication techniques have attracted substantial attention as a benefit of their abundant spectral resources in the optical domain, which is a potential solution for satisfying the ever-increasing demand for increased wireless capacity in the conventional Radio Frequency (RF) band. Motivated by the emerging techniques and applications of OW communication, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) had released the IEEE standard 802.15.7 for short-range optical wireless communications, which categorised the Physical layer (PHY) of the OW communication into three candidate-solutions according to their advantages in different applications and environments: 1) Physical-layer I (PHY I): Free Space Optical (FSO)communication employs high-intensity Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) or Laser Diodes (LDs) as its transmitter. 2) Physical-layer II (PHY II) uses cost-effective, low-power directional white LEDs for the dual function of illumination and communication. 3) Physical III (PHY-III) relies on the so-called Colour-Shift Keying (CSK) modulation scheme for supporting high-rate communication. Our investigations can be classified into three major categories, namely Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) based Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) techniques for FSO communications in the context of PHY I, video streaming in PHY-II and the analysis and design of CSK for PHY-III. To be more explicit, in Chapter 2 we first construct a novel ACO-OFDM based MIMO system and investigate its performance under various FSO turbulence channel conditions. However, MIMO systems require multiple optical chains, hence their power consumption and hardware costs become substantial. Hence, we introduced the concept of Aperture Selection (ApS) to mitigate these problems with the aid of a simple yet efficient ApS algorithm for assisting our ACO-OFDM based MIMO system. Since the channel conditions of indoor Visible Light Communication (VLC) environments are more benign than the FSO-channels of Chapter 2, directional white LEDs are used to create an “attocell” in Chapter 3. More specifically, we investigate video streaming in a multi-Mobile Terminals (MTs) indoor VLC system relying on Unity Frequency Reuse (UFR) as well as on Higher Frequency Reuse Factor based Transmission (HFRFT) and on Vectored Transmission (VT) schemes. We minimise the distortion of video streaming, while satisfying the rate constraints as well as optical constraints of all the MTs. In Chapter 4 we analyse the performance of CSK relying both on joint Maximum Likelihood (ML) Hard-Detection (HD), as well as on the the Maximum A posteriori (MAP) criterion-based Soft-Detection (SD) of CSK. Finally, we conceive both two- stage and three-stage concatenated iterative receivers capable of achieving a substantial iteration gain, leading to a vanishingly low BER.
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Harkin, Kathleen Ann. "Mobile electronic conferencing system." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01262010-020154/.
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Tan, Ee Ling J. "Singapore airlines a study in exemplary crisis communication /." Diss., Click here for available full-text of this thesis, 2006. http://library.wichita.edu/digitallibrary/etd/2006/t028.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences."May 2006." Title from PDF title page (viewed on October 19, 2006). "Copyright 2006 by Ee Ling J. Tan."--p.ii. Includes bibliographic references (leaves 50-53).
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Chen, Shuxian. "Ultra wideband gigabit powerline communication." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2009. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/442.
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Powerline Communication (PLC) has long been established for low data rate applications by the electric supply companies. Since 1991, the European CENELEC standard EN 50065 has ruled the use of 3 - 148.5KHz frequency range for narrow band PLC applications. Sim- ilar standard has been established by the IEEE in the US, where a frequency range of 50 - 450KHz is available. The fast growth of Internet since the 1990s accelerated the demands for digital communication services. Furthermore, with the develop- ment of in-home networking, there is a need to establish high speed data links between multiple household devices. This makes PLC sys- tems march rapidly into the high frequency range above 1MHz. Exist- ing broadband PLC system in the 1.6 - 30MHz frequency range only provides data rates smaller than 200Mbps. With the growing demand of multimedia services such as High De nition (HD) video streaming, much faster transmission speed up to Gigabits per second is required and this can be achieved by increasing the operating frequencies. Ultra Wideband (UWB) transmission in free space provides extremely broad bandwidth for short-range, high data rate applications. If UWB signals could be transmitted over the powerline channels in the high frequency range above 30MHz, data rates up to gigabits per second could be achieved. In this thesis, the possibility of implementing ultra wideband trans- mission over the low voltage indoor powerline is investigated. The starting point is to understand the signal propagation characteristics over powerline cables, in the UWB frequency range. Experimental re- sults indicate that the signal degrades at an acceptable rate over the mains cable in a scaled down UWB frequency band (50MHz - 1GHz), which provides a potential operation band for UWB over PLC ap- plications. Key component for the PLC system, a broadband Radio Frequency (RF) coupler is designed and developed, to introduce UWB signals to the transmission channel. With the channel properties and coupling unit, extensive experimental investigations are carried out to analyse the powerline network environment, including channel loss, noise and radiated emission. Furthermore, theoretical channel capac- ity and link budget are derived from measured parameters. It is shown that the indoor powerline is a suitable media for data transmission in the high frequency range from 50 to 550MHz in the home environment. Finally, system level performance is analysed by modelling the Phys- ical Layer (PHY) data transmission. The Multiband-OFDM UWB proposal for IEEE 802.15.3a standard is used to predict the transmis- sion performance under di erent propagation paths and data rates. The research work conducted in this project has proven that UWB over PLC is highly feasible for future in-home applications. With the global promotion of smart grid applications, UWB over PLC will play an important role in providing high speed data transmission over the power networks.
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Ali, Ahmed H. "Advanced handover procedure for cellular communication systems." Thesis, Aston University, 1998. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/7974/.
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Third Generation cellular communication systems are expected to support mixed cell architecture in which picocells, microcells and macrocells are used to achieve full coverage and increase the spectral capacity. Supporting higher numbers of mobile terminals and the use of smaller cells will result in an increase in the number of handovers, and consequently an increase in the time delays required to perform these handovers. Higher time delays will generate call interruptions and forced terminations, particularly for time sensitive applications like real-time multimedia and data services. Currently in the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), the handover procedure is initiated and performed by the fixed part of the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN). The mobile terminal is only capable of detecting candidate base stations suitable for the handover; it is the role of the network to interrogate a candidate base station for a free channel. Handover signalling is exchanged via the fixed network and the time delay required to perform the handover is greatly affected by the levels of teletraffic handled by the network. In this thesis, a new handover strategy is developed to reduce the total time delay for handovers in a microcellular system. The handover signalling is diverted from the fixed network to the air interface to prevent extra delays due to teletraffic congestion, and to allow the mobile terminal to exchange signalling directly with the candidate base station. The new strategy utilises Packet Reservation Multiple Access (PRMA) technique as a mechanism to transfer the control of the handover procedure from the fixed network to the mobile terminal. Simulation results are presented to show a dramatic reduction in the handover delay as compared to those obtained using fixed channel allocation and dynamic channel allocation schemes.
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Rosu, Marcel-Catalin. "Communication support for cluster computing." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/8256.
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Reshetar, Kirill. "Cyber culture and e-communication." Thesis, Молодь у глобалізованому світі: академічні аспекти англомовних фахових досліджень (англ. мовою) / Укл., ред. А.І.Раду: збірник мат. конф. - Львів: ПП "Марусич", 2011. - 147 с, 2011. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/20774.
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Fouché, Jacques. "Electronic communication continuity planning from the perspective of an individual." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012270.
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It is beyond doubt that technology has changed the way people in modern society live their daily lives. While a modern society eagerly adopts new technology, the loss of the services provided by these technologies is hardly ever considered. Therefore, this research project will evaluate the importance of communication technology and how critical it is for an individual. Furthermore, this research will provide a framework to improve the availability of current communication technologies from the perspective of the individual.
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McLaughlin, Louise A. "The influence of electronic mail on communication patterns among educators /." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79790.
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In the late 1990s, the Ministere de l'Education du Quebec (MEQ) undertook a reform program that would reframe the educational system. Technology and pedagogy were seen as needing realignment to better meet a student-centered, technology-driven, lifelong learning experience. The New Reform as this new framework is known will be fully implemented by 2008 and educators are its pivotal agents. With Information and Communications Technologies being central to the new reform, this qualitative study looks at educator use of the most widely used Internet application, electronic mail. Very little research has looked at how pervasive electronic mail has become among educators and how it is affecting their multidirectional, multilayered roles as educators. Data originate from respondent electronic mail, a literature review, and the author's personal experience. Outcomes, reached through inductive analysis, reveal that educators continue to experience difficulty manipulating electronic mail technology even though they appreciate its multiple advantages. How electronic mail can facilitate networked communication and educator teamwork to better translate the MEQ's new reform successfully is the focus of this study. Implications derived from the outcomes are discussed in view of enhancing ongoing contributions by Quebec educators.
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Barnardt, Gerard Louis. "Electronic communication in the workplace : employer vs employee legal rights." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49942.
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Thesis (LLM)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The monitoring of electronic communication is likely to face all employers sooner or later. The rapid advancement in technology aimed at helping to monitor electronic communication, makes it easier than ever before for employers to monitor the electronic communications of their employees. There are important questions to consider when dealing with the topic of monitoring electronic communication. Examples include "mayan employer legally monitor electronic communications?" and "how does monitoring affect the employee's right to privacy?" This thesis is an attempt to answer these and other related questions by analysing, inter alia, South African legislation, the Constitution and case law, as well as comparing the law as it applies in the United Kingdom and the United States of America. The analysis and conclusion offered in this thesis aim to provide theoretical consideration to academics and practical application for employers that are faced with the reality of monitoring electronic communications.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Alle werkgewers sal waarskynlik die een of ander tyd met die monitering van elektroniese kommunikasie gekonfronteer word. Die snelle voortuitgang in tegnologie wat daarop gemik is om te help met die monitering van elektroniese kommunikasie, maak dit vir werkgewers makliker as ooit tevore om sodanige kommunikasies van hulle werknemers te monitor. Daar is egter belangrike vrae wat oorweeg moet word wanneer die onderwerp van monitering van elektroniese kommunikasie ter sprake kom. Voorbeelde hiervan is "mag 'n werknemer regtens elektroniese kommunikasies monitor?" en "hoe raak monitering die werknemer se reg tot privaatheid?" Hierdie tesis is 'n poging om hierdie en ander verwante vrae te beantwoord deur die ontleding van, onder andere, Suid-Afrikaanse wetgewing, die Grondwet en die reg soos deur hofuitsprake ontwikkel, sowel as vergelyking van die reg soos wat dit van toepassing is in die Verenigde Koninkryk en die Verenigde State van Amerika. Die ontleding en gevolgtrekking wat in hierdie tesis aangebied word, is gemik op die verskaffing van teoretiese oorweging aan akademici en praktiese toepassing vir werkgewers wat met die realiteit van die monitering van elektroniese kommunikasies gekonfronteer word.
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Spicer, Matthew William. "Intrusion Detection System for Electronic Communication Buses: A New Approach." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81863.
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With technology and computers becoming more and more sophisticated and readily available, cars have followed suit by integrating more and more microcontrollers to handle tasks ranging from controlling the radio to the brakes and steering. Handling all of these separate processors is a communication system and protocol known as Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. While the CAN bus is a robust system for sending messages, allowing control of the car through the CAN bus presents an opportunity for an outside party to interfere with the operations of a car. Any number of different methods could be used to hack the bus and take control of a car, including hacking into the bus remotely, plugging a small device into the on-board diagnostics port to the CAN bus, or swapping an existing node on the CAN bus for one that has been tampered with. This presents obvious safety risks, so to guard against this possibility, this paper will present an algorithm designed to recognize nodes based on the noise content of their signal so that any messages coming from an improper source can be flagged as suspicious.
The algorithm makes use of MATLAB and Python to perform various transformations on the data and calculate features of the noise in a signal. These features are then passed through a statistical analysis which provides each one a score for how much useful information it contains. The best performing features are run through both a multilayer perceptron neural network and a support vector machine, and the results are compared. Each algorithm gives strong prediction performance, with prediction accuracies of 99.9% and 99.8% for the neural network and support vector machine, respectively.Master of Science
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Kwok, Pak Wing Parkson. "Communication strategies for email at work." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2001. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/389.
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Moon, Sanghyun. "CONSTRUCTING GOVERNANCE IN GLOBAL ELECTRONIC COMMERCE." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1038941025.
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Caldas, Alexandre Paulo Fernandes Varela Simões. "The structure of electronic scientific communication : electronic networks, research collaboration and the discovery of digital knowledge bases." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398788.
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Kim, Sanghee. "User modelling for knowledge sharing in e-mail communication." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/45959/.
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This thesis addresses the problem of sharing and transferring knowledge within knowledge-intensive organisations from a user modelling perspective with the purpose of improving individual and group performance. It explores the idea of creating organisational environments from which any of the users involved can benefit by being aware of each other such that sharing expertise between those who are knowledge providers and those who are knowledge seekers can be maximised. In order to encourage individuals to share such valuable expertise, it also explores the idea of keeping a balance between ensuring the availability of information and the increase in user workloads due to the need to handle unwanted information. In an attempt to demonstrate the ideas mentioned above, this research examines the application of user modelling techniques to the development of communication-based task learning systems based on e-mail communication. The design rationale for using e-mail is that personally held expertise is often explicated through e-mail exchanges since it provides a good source for extracting user knowledge. The provision of an automatic message categorisation system that combines knowledge acquired from both statistical and symbolic text learning techniques is one of the three themes of this work. The creation of a new user model that captures the different levels of expertise reflected in exchanged e-mail messages, and makes use of them in linking knowledge providers and knowledge seekers is the second. The design of a new information distribution method to reduce both information overload and underload is the third.
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Liang, Jianxin. "Antenna study and design for ultra wideband communication applications." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2006. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1768.
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Since the release by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) of a bandwidth of 7.5GHz (from 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz) for ultra wideband (UWB) wireless communications, UWB is rapidly advancing as a high data rate wireless communication technology. As is the case in conventional wireless communication systems, an antenna also plays a very crucial role in UWB systems. However, there are more challenges in designing a UWB antenna than a narrow band one. A suitable UWB antenna should be capable of operating over an ultra wide bandwidth as allocated by the FCC. At the same time, satisfactory radiation properties over the entire frequency range are also necessary. Another primary requirement of the UWB antenna is a good time domain performance, i. e. a good impulse response with minimal distortion. This thesis focuses on UWB antenna design and analysis. Studies have been undertaken covering the areas of UWB fundamentals and antenna theory. Extensive investigations were also carried out on two different types of UWB antennas. The first type of antenna studied in this thesis is circular disc monopole antenna. The vertical disc monopole originates from conventional straight wire monopole by replacing the wire element with a disc plate to enhance the operating bandwidth substantially. Based on the understanding of vertical disc monopole, two more compact versions featuring low-profile and compatibility to printed circuit board are proposed and studied. Both of them are printed circular disc monopoles, one fed by a micro-strip line, while the other fed by a co-planar waveguide (CPW). The second type of UWB antenna is elliptical/circular slot antenna, which can also be fed by either micro-strip line or CPW. The performances and characteristics of UWB disc monopole and elliptical/circular slot antenna are investigated in both frequency domain and time domain. The design parameters for achieving optimal operation of the antennas are also analyzed extensively in order to understand the antenna operations. It has been demonstrated numerically and experimentally that both types of antennas are suitable for UWB applications.
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Graflund, Marcus. "COMMUNICATION USING ANUNDERWATER SONAR." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-36722.
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Navaratnam, Srivallipuranandan. "Reliable group communication in distributed systems." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26505.
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This work describes the design and implementation details of a reliable group communication mechanism. The mechanism guarantees that messages will be received by all the operational members of the group or by none of them (atomicity). In addition, the sequence of messages will be the same at each of the recipients (order). The message ordering property can be used to simplify distributed database systems and distributed processing algorithms. The proposed mechanism continues to operate despite process, host and communication link failures (survivability). Survivability is essential in fault-tolerant applications.Science, Faculty of
Computer Science, Department of
Graduate
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Choy, Wai Hing. "Verification tools for communication protocol design." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2000. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/258.
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Tahir, Hasan. "An ICMetric based multiparty communication framework." Thesis, University of Essex, 2017. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/20012/.
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Cryptographic algorithms have always relied on stored keys for the provision of security services. Since these keys are stored on a system this makes them prone to attack. Efforts to increase the key size makes brute forcing difficult but does not eliminate key theft. This thesis proposes a comprehensive security framework for groups of devices. The research makes four major contributions to improve the security of devices in the multiparty environment. The proposed framework uses the novel Integrated Circuit Metric (ICMetric) technology which proposes utilizing measurable properties and features of a device to create a device identification. This device identification called the ICMetric is used to create cryptographic keys which are then used in the designed cryptosystems. The first contribution of the thesis is the creation of an ICMetric using sensors found in modern smart devices. The research explores both explicit and implicit features which can be used to generate of an ICMetric. The second contribution of this research is the creation of a group ICMetric which is computed using the device ICMetric. The computation of the device ICMetric is a particular challenge as it has to be computed without violating the properties of the ICMetric technology. The third contribution is the demonstration that an ICMetric can be used for the creation of symmetric key. The fourth contribution of this research is an efficient RSA based asymmetric key generation scheme for the multiparty environment. Designing a system using widely accepted cryptographic primitives does not guarantee a secure system therefore the security of proposed schemes has been studied under the standard model. The schemes presented in this thesis attempt to improve the security of devices in the group environment. The schemes demonstrate that key theft deterrent technologies can be incorporated into cryptographic schemes to offer higher levels of security and privacy.
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Ravindran, K. "Reliable client-server communication in distributed programs." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27514.
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Remote procedure call (RPC) and shared variable are communication abstractions which allow the various processes of a distributed program, often modelled as clients and servers, to communicate with one another across machine boundaries. A key requirement of the abstractions is to mask the machine and communication failures that may occur during the client-server communications.
In practice, many distributed applications can inherently tolerate failures under certain situations. If such application layer information is available to the client-server communication layer (RPC and shared variable), the failure masking algorithms in the communication layer may relax the constraints under which the algorithms may have to operate if the information is not available. The relaxation significantly simplifies the algorithms and the underlying message transport layer and allows formulation of efficient algorithms. This application-driven approach forms the backbone of the failure masking techniques described in the thesis, as outlined below:
Orphan handling in RPCs: Using the application-driven approach, the thesis introduces a new technique of adopting the orphans caused by failures during RPCs. The adoption technique is preferable to orphan killing because orphan killing wastes any work already completed and requires rollback which may be expensive and sometimes not meaningful. The thesis incorporates orphan adoption into two schemes of replicating a server: i) Primary-secondary scheme in which one of the replicas of the server acts as the primary and executes RPCs from clients while the other replicas stand by as secondaries. When the primary fails, one of the secondaries becomes the primary, restarts the server execution from the most recent checkpoint and adopts the orphan, ii) Replicated execution scheme in which an RPC on the server is executed by more than one replica of the server. When any of the replicas fails, the orphan generated by the failure is adopted by the surviving replicas. Both schemes employ call re-executions by servers based on the application-level idempotency properties of the calls.
Access to shared variables: Contemporary distributed programs deal with a new class of shared variables such as information on name bindings, distributed load and leadership within a service group. Since the consistency constraints on such system variables need not be as strong as those for user data, the access operations on the variables may be made simpler using this application layer information. Along this direction, the thesis introduces an abstraction, which we call application-driven shared variable, to govern access operations on the variables. The algorithms for the access operations on a variable use intra-server group communication and enforce consistency of the variable to the extent required by the application.
The thesis describes complete communication models incorporating the application-driven approach to mask failures.Science, Faculty of
Computer Science, Department of
Graduate
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Song, Linlin. "Random graph models for wireless communication networks." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/426.
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This thesis concerns mathematical models of wireless communication networks, in particular ad-hoc networks and 802:11 WLANs. In ad-hoc mode each of these devices may function as a sender, a relay or a receiver. Each device may only communicate with other devices within its transmission range. We use graph models for the relationship between any two devices: a node stands for a device, and an edge for a communication link, or sometimes an interference relationship. The number of edges incident on a node is the degree of this node. When considering geometric graphs, the coordinates of a node give the geographical position of a node. One of the important properties of a communication graph is its connectedness | whether all nodes can reach all other nodes. We use the term connectivity, the probability of graphs being connected given the number of nodes and the transmission range to measure the connectedness of a wireless network. Connectedness is an important prerequisite for all communication networks which communication between nodes. This is especially true for wireless ad-hoc networks, where communication relies on the contact among nodes and their neighbours. Another important property of an interference graph is its chromatic number | the minimum number of colours needed so that no adjacent nodes are assigned the same colour. Here adjacent nodes share an edge; adjacent edges share at least one node; and colours are used to identify di erent frequencies. This gives the minimum number of frequencies a network needs in order to attain zero interference. This problem can be solved as an optimization problem deterministically, but is algorithmically NP-hard. Hence, nding good asymptotic approximations for this value becomes important. Random geometric graphs describe an ensemble of graphs which share common features. In this thesis, node positions follow a Poisson point process or a binomial point process. We use probability theory to study the connectedness of random graphs and random geometric graphs, which is the fraction of connected graphs among many graph samples. This probability is closely related to the property of minimum node degree being at least unity. The chromatic number is closely related to the maximum degree as n ! 1; the chromatic number converges to maximum degree when graph is sparse. We test existing theorems and improve the existing ones when possible. These motivated me to study the degree of random (geometric) graph models. We study using deterministic methods some degree-related problems for Erda}os-R enyi random graphs G(n; p) and random geometric graphs G(n; r). I provide both theoretical analysis and accurate simulation results. The results lead to a study of dependence or non-dependence in the joint distribution of the degrees of neighbouring nodes. We study the probability of no node being isolated in G(n; p), that is, minimum node degree being at least unity. By making the assumption of non-dependence of node degree, we derive two asymptotics for this probability. The probability of no node being isolated is an approximation to the probability of the graph being connected. By making an analogy to G(n; p), we study this problem for G(n; r), which is a more realistic model for wireless networks. Experiment shows that this asymptotic result also works well for small graphs. We wish to nd the relationship between these basic features the above two important problems of wireless networks: the probability of a network being connected and the minimum number of channels a network needs in order to minimize interference. Inspired by the problem of maximum degree in random graphs, we study the problem of the maximum of a set of Poisson random variables and binomial random variables, which leads to two accurate formulae for the mode of the maximum for general random geometric graphs and for sparse random graphs. To our knowledge, these are the best results for sparse random geometric graphs in the literature so far. By approximating the node degrees as independent Poisson or binomial variables, we apply the result to the problem of maximum degree in general and sparse G(n; r), and derived much more accurate results than in the existing literature. Combining the limit theorem from Penrose and our work, we provide good approximations for the mode of the clique number and chromatic number in sparse G(n; r). Again these results are much more accurate than existing ones. This has implications for the interference minimization of WLANs. Finally, we apply our asymptotic result based on Poisson distribution for the chromatic number of random geometric graph to the interference minimization problem in IEEE 802:11b/g WLAN. Experiments based on the real planned position of the APs in WLANs show that our asymptotic results estimate the minimum number of channels needed accurately. This also means that sparse random geometric graphs are good models for interference minimization problem of WLANs. We discuss the interference minimization problem in single radio and multi-radio wireless networking scenarios. We study branchand- bound algorithms for these scenarios by selecting di erent constraint functions and objective functions.
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Cooke, John C. "Cryptographic techniques for personal communication systems security." Thesis, Aston University, 1995. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/8234/.
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The advent of personal communication systems within the last decade has depended upon the utilization of advanced digital schemes for source and channel coding and for modulation. The inherent digital nature of the communications processing has allowed the convenient incorporation of cryptographic techniques to implement security in these communications systems. There are various security requirements, of both the service provider and the mobile subscriber, which may be provided for in a personal communications system. Such security provisions include the privacy of user data, the authentication of communicating parties, the provision for data integrity, and the provision for both location confidentiality and party anonymity. This thesis is concerned with an investigation of the private-key and public-key cryptographic techniques pertinent to the security requirements of personal communication systems and an analysis of the security provisions of Second-Generation personal communication systems is presented. Particular attention has been paid to the properties of the cryptographic protocols which have been employed in current Second-Generation systems. It has been found that certain security-related protocols implemented in the Second-Generation systems have specific weaknesses. A theoretical evaluation of these protocols has been performed using formal analysis techniques and certain assumptions made during the development of the systems are shown to contribute to the security weaknesses. Various attack scenarios which exploit these protocol weaknesses are presented. The Fiat-Sharmir zero-knowledge cryptosystem is presented as an example of how asymmetric algorithm cryptography may be employed as part of an improved security solution. Various modifications to this cryptosystem have been evaluated and their critical parameters are shown to be capable of being optimized to suit a particular applications. The implementation of such a system using current smart card technology has been evaluated.
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Guillo, Cyrille M. "Comparing the language of intermediate learners of French in asynchronous electronic communication vs. face to face communication." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0012180.
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Jin, Jiayi. "Studies of electronic communication between dimolybdenum cores joined by various bridges." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1434.
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El-Saboni, Mahmoud A. "Interaction between electronic communication and perceived success in UAE construction projects." Thesis, University of Salford, 2011. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26662/.
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The purpose of this research is to study the effectiveness of the electronic systems of communication that are widely used during different phases of construction projects, and to evaluate their contribution toward the success of projects. The mechanism of their interaction with other factors leading to strategic benefits was investigated. A holistic approach was adopted taking context and time into consideration in order to investigate the connection between the two axes, with project success as a strategic dimension on one hand, and the mechanism of communication media on the other. The research was divided into two phases. Phase one was devoted to the identification of project's success criteria and the success factors in the UAE environment, using a survey based mainly on interviews with professional project managers. Phase two addressed the issue of electronic communication through two case studies. The first case study is based on action research looking at the effects of the use of simple electronic communication in construction projects. The second case study was preceded by the selection of reliable ICT systems available for construction projects in UAE. One of these selected systems, was implemented connecting the main stakeholders in all phases of a major construction project in UAE, and became the subject of investigation of this part of the research. This long-term critical case study proceeded following-up the project progress. Interviews with key team members were undertaken to observe the communicational behaviour towards decision making during the stages of design and construction, and in the operation of this project. The results acquired in the case studies have confirmed the benefits hypothesised. However, the investigation continued to explain few unresolved results. An explanation has emerged through pattern matching based on two communication theories, namely the two step flow theory of Lazarsfeld, and the transition theory. A dynamic model has been put forward, linking the aforementioned axes of success and communication, and making use of the risk management process in order to activate, maintain, and formalise the mechanism of interaction between project success and communication. The outcome of this research can help construction management professionals plan and implement strategic communication plans, leading to enhancement of opportunities for projects' success. The findings of the case studies provided a good reference for implementation in the UAE environment and a reliable starting point for scenarios of validation in other contexts. The developers of electronic systems for project content management can benefit from this soft approach. The thesis is concluded by emphasising a multi-disciplinary interpretation when considering the duality of project success and communication.