Relevant bibliographies by topics / Electronic dictionary

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
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Academic literature on the topic 'Electronic dictionary'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Electronic dictionary"

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Vakaliuk, Tetiana, Oksana Chernysh, and Vitalii Levkivskyi Vitalii. "FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF ELECTRONIC DICTIONARIES DESIGN." Collection of Scientific Papers of Uman State Pedagogical University, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2307-4906.2.2021.236696.

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Digital transformation of the society makes digital technologies introduction greatly significant. An electronic dictionary is a type of digital resources that can be used not only as a dictionary but also as an encyclopedia and as an explanatory dictionary. Therefore, such a dictionary is highly efficient for educational as well as scientific research purposes. It greatly contributes to students-philologists language competence development. Moreover, it facilitates the development of students-programmers professional and research competencies. Electronic dictionaries use for educational purposes has been significantly investigated by many outstanding scholars. However, high-quality electronic dictionaries design requires a thorough study and analysis. Therefore, the aim of the article is to consider the foreign experience in electronic multilingual dictionaries design, which will contribute to a quality electronic dictionary compilation. The research highlights numerous approaches to creating electronic dictionaries model and design. Unquestionably, there is no single approach to electronic and explanatory dictionaries design. Nonetheless, there are several approaches proposed by the leading authorities. The article highlights the basics of electronic dictionary development, various dictionaries models (the model of systematic educational design, electronic dictionary functional modules, the system of Chinese dictionary design, the educational model structural scheme for word identification, the structural scheme for label learning system, the configuration for electronic dictionary automatic design, functional dictionary model, relationships model for English-Spanish explanatory dictionary). It presents the algorithms for their creation, outlines their functional features and analyzes existing electronic dictionaries. The prospects for further research lie in the analysis of explanatory dictionary characteristic features and the development of the algorithm for its design. Keywords: dictionary, electronic dictionary, electronic explanatory dictionary, multilingual dictionary, design, development, model development, foreign experience.
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Yokoi, Toshio. "The EDR electronic dictionary." Communications of the ACM 38, no. 11 (November 1995): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/219717.219752.

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Blumenthal, Eytan Z. "Stedman's Electronic Medical Dictionary." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 277, no. 15 (April 16, 1997): 1249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1997.03540390079044.

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Sun, Wei. "Electronic Dictionary Research Corpus." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1992, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 042033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1992/4/042033.

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Ganeva, Gergana. "Electronic Diachronic Corpus and Dictionaries of Old Bulgarian." Studia Ceranea 8 (December 30, 2018): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2084-140x.08.06.

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The electronic system histdict is designed as a tool for research, adequate presentation and popularization of a part of Bulgaria’s cultural and historical heritage: the Bulgarian language and its medieval literature. The article describes the various steps in the development of histdict. Attention is paid to each component of the resource: specialized Unicode fonts, electronic diachronic corpus, dictionary of Old Bulgarian, historical dictionary equipped with tools for writing and editing dictionary entries, grammatical dictionary, prototypical search engine, and virtual keyboard. The article also lays out the principles followed in the development of the diachronic grammatical dictionary of the Bulgarian language.
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Agapova, N. A., and N. F. Kartofeleva. "Electronic Dictionary of Folk Primety." International Journal of Lexicography 28, no. 4 (May 13, 2015): 513–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecv011.

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Vakaliuk, T., and O. Chernysh. "ELECTRONIC MULTILINGUAL TERMINOLOGICAL DICTIONARY MACROSTRUCTURE." International Humanitarian University Herald. Philology 1, no. 46 (2020): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32841/2409-1154.2020.46-1.14.

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Теркулов, В. И. "Network dictionary space." Russkii iazyk za rubezhom, no. 5(288) (October 28, 2021): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37632/pi.2021.288.5.006.

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В статье дается общее описание типов сетевых словарей. Разграничиваются «репринтные» словари, которые представляют собой выложенные в Интернете текстовые электронные копии традиционных словарей, электронные версии традиционных словарей, получивших электронную разметку, гиперссылки (гипертекст) на связанные описания толкований значений и снабженных поисковыми формами, словарные корпусы (сетевые гизаурусы) – сайты одновременного поиска по разным электронным версиям словарей (лингвистических и энциклопедических) и сетевые словари, создаваемые исключительно в электронном формате. Базовыми особенностями последних признаются актуальность, интерактивность, интегрированность, мультимедийность и гипертекстуальность. Автор выдвигает идею создания Большого научного интегрального сетевого словаря русского языка. The article deals with a general description of the types of network dictionaries. A distinction is made between «reprint» dictionaries, which are electronic text copies of traditional dictionaries posted on the Internet, electronic versions of traditional dictionaries that have received electronic marking, hyperlinks (hypertext) to related descriptions of meaning interpretations and equipped with search forms, dictionary corpora (network guisauruses) – sites for simultaneous search in different electronic versions of dictionaries (linguistic and encyclopedic), and network dictionaries created only in electronic format. Relevance, interactivity, integration, multimedia and hypertextuali ty are considered to be the basic features of network dictionaries of electronic format. The author puts forward the idea of creating a Large scientific integrated network dictionary of the Russian language.
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Ochilova, Mehriniso. "ELECTRONIC DICTIONARY–LEXICOGRAPHY DEVELOPMENT AS A NEW STAGE PRODUCT." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WORD ART 6, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9297-2020-6-17.

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The article discusses the importance of automating the order of data processing, creating new active lexicographic systems, resulting in the creation of automated (electronic) dictionaries from traditional dictionaries. In particular, information was provided on the advantages and convenience of electronic dictionaries available on the Internet over traditional dictionaries. There are also comments onthe need for electronic dictionaries in the Uzbek language, such as the electronic dictionary abby lingvo or the electronic dictionary Urban Dictionary. It was noted that the issue of creating a terminological database (TBD) and the creation of Uzbek cyber lexicography
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Tavakoli, Sara, and Omid Akbari. "An Exploration of the Effects of Electronic Dictionaries on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension." Journal of English Language and Literature 3, no. 2 (April 30, 2015): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/jell.v3i2.49.

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This research examined the L2 learners’ use of electronic dictionaries compared to printed dictionaries. Nowadays, with the advancement and growth of technology, there has been a shift of trend from traditional paper dictionaries to online and electronic dictionaries. In this study the learners’ questionnaire, a reading textbook, a paper dictionary, an electronic dictionary, a reading comprehension test, and the semi-structured interviews were employed as instruments. At first, two questionnaires and the semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify the attitudes and beliefs of EFL learners in relation to the effectiveness of paper and electronic dictionaries on Iranian intermediate EFL learners’ reading comprehension. TOEFL Reading Flash: The Quick Way to Build Reading Power by Milada Broukal (1997) was used as the reading textbook. The Seventh edition of the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary authored by Hornby (2005) was chosen as the paper dictionary. The other dictionary used in this study was an equivalent electronic version of Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary on a CD-ROM as the electronic dictionary. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, 20) was used in order to analyze required statistics. A series of paired-sample t tests were run to examine the learners' reading comprehension scores. In addition, a series of chi-square tests were run to analyze the questionnaires. As results showed, electronic dictionary use has positive effect on learners’ reading comprehension skills and also electronic dictionaries help learners’ vocabulary learning. The implications of the findings are discussed and suggestions are made for future research.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electronic dictionary"

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Lee, Francis Hyeongwoo. "A web-based universal encyclopedia/dictionary." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1812.

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Barrow, Jack. "Electronic Dictionary Use in Novice L2 Learner Interaction." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2008. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/19850.

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CITE/Language Arts
Ph.D.
This microanalytic study focuses on the mutimodal word look-up practices of Japanese foreign language learners of English at the novice level using electronic dictionaries (e-dictionaries) in pair conversations. Not yet investigated with a Conversation Analysis (CA) approach, this analysis examines reoccurring interactional and collaborative repair practices (Schegloff, Jefferson, & Sacks, 1977; Schegloff, 2000) of the learners' look-ups, and explicates from the sequential turn-taking procedures (Sacks, Schegloff, & Jefferson, 1974), the underlying social organization of the e-dictionary look-up sequence. Recent research has found that not-yet-fluent learners are capable of relatively smooth turn-taking (Carroll, 2000, 2004), and they employ various embodied actions (Olsher, 2004) to complete their turns. Nonvocal resources such as gaze movement (Goodwin, 1981) and gestures were also investigated in order to better understand how learners collaboratively utilize vocal and nonvocal resources in hybrid actions, to co-construct the meaning of look-up words, and maintain intersubjectivity. While enrolled in a university intensive English program, thirteen native speakers of Japanese video-recorded thirty-minute conversations; and during these conversations, they completed look-up sequences as interactional achievements. The results indicated that EFL novice learners display sophisticated competencies when using e-dictionaries for communication. While collaboratively completing look-up sequences, they display multimodal competencies by noticing trouble with words, initiating look-ups, making candidate proposals of word translations, correcting themselves, mutually acknowledging their understanding, and maintaining intersubjectivity and sequential relevance. In terms of language learning, learners' collaborative learning of words demonstrates instances of learning-as-interaction (Brouwer & Wagner, 2004; Firth & Wagner, 2007), making public the participants' socially situated cognition. Indications of a change in the participants' cognitive state can emerge in the look-up sequential organization. A lack of knowledge is displayed publically in before-look-up actions, encouraging collaboration in the look-up. Multiple proposals and acknowledgement sequences, often displayed in embodied expansions, provide multimodal indications of a possible change in cognitive state and possible gain in knowledge. Thus, the look-up sequence organization is proposed as an interactional organization for the learning of vocabulary. Finally, the understanding of sequential structures and practices that interactants use in looking up words can inform teachers concerning the efficacy of e-dictionary use in the classroom.
Temple University--Theses
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Kumar, B. G. Vijay. "Supervised dictionary learning for action recognition and localization." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8780.

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Image sequences with humans and human activities are everywhere. With the amount of produced and distributed data increasing at an unprecedented rate, there has been a lot of interest in building systems that can understand and interpret the visual data, and in particular detect and recognise human actions. Dictionary based approaches learn a dictionary from descriptors extracted from the videos in the first stage and a classifier or a detector in the second stage. The major drawback of such an approach is that the dictionary is learned in an unsupervised manner without considering the task (classification or detection) that follows it. In this work we develop task dependent(supervised) dictionaries for action recognition and localization, i.e., dictionaries that are best suited for the subsequent task. In the first part of the work, we propose a supervised max-margin framework for linear and non-linear Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF). To achieve this, we impose max-margin constraints within the formulation of NMF and simultaneously solve for the classifier and the dictionary. The dictionary (basis matrix) thus obtained maximizes the margin of the classifier in the low dimensional space (in the linear case) or in the high dimensional feature space (in the non-linear case). In the second part the work, we develop methodologies for action localization. We first propose a dictionary weighting approach where we learn local and global weights for the dictionary by considering the localization information of the training sequences. We next extend this approach to learn a task-dependent dictionary for action localization that incorporates the localization information of the training sequences into dictionary learning. The results on publicly available datasets show that the performance of the system is improved by using the supervised information while learning dictionary.
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Barchiesi, Daniele. "Sparse approximation and dictionary learning with applications to audio signals." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2013. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8408.

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Over-complete transforms have recently become the focus of a wide wealth of research in signal processing, machine learning, statistics and related fields. Their great modelling flexibility allows to find sparse representations and approximations of data that in turn prove to be very efficient in a wide range of applications. Sparse models express signals as linear combinations of a few basis functions called atoms taken from a so-called dictionary. Finding the optimal dictionary from a set of training signals of a given class is the objective of dictionary learning and the main focus of this thesis. The experimental evidence presented here focuses on the processing of audio signals, and the role of sparse algorithms in audio applications is accordingly highlighted. The first main contribution of this thesis is the development of a pitch-synchronous transform where the frame-by-frame analysis of audio data is adapted so that each frame analysing periodic signals contains an integer number of periods. This algorithm presents a technique for adapting transform parameters to the audio signal to be analysed, it is shown to improve the sparsity of the representation if compared to a non pitchsynchronous approach and further evaluated in the context of source separation by binary masking. A second main contribution is the development of a novel model and relative algorithm for dictionary learning of convolved signals, where the observed variables are sparsely approximated by the atoms contained in a convolved dictionary. An algorithm is devised to learn the impulse response applied to the dictionary and experimental results on synthetic data show the superior approximation performance of the proposed method compared to a state-of-the-art dictionary learning algorithm. Finally, a third main contribution is the development of methods for learning dictionaries that are both well adapted to a training set of data and mutually incoherent. Two novel algorithms namely the incoherent k-svd and the iterative projections and rotations (ipr) algorithm are introduced and compared to different techniques published in the literature in a sparse approximation context. The ipr algorithm in particular is shown to outperform the benchmark techniques in learning very incoherent dictionaries while maintaining a good signal-to-noise ratio of the representation.
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SMARSARO, AUCIONE DAS DORES. "DESCRIPTION AND FORMALIZATION OF COMPOUND WORD IN BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE FOR AN ELECTRONIC DICTIONARY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5439@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Neste trabalho estudam-se os nomes com a estrutura NdeN que podem ser descritos como nomes compostos por justaposição. São observadas 1.500 seqüências de palavras, com o objetivo de contribuir na descrição formal do léxico do português do Brasil e de definir os critérios de identificação de um nome composto com essa estrutura. O critério geral está baseado no conceito da nãocomposicionalidade semântica. Os testes são feitos a partir das propriedades sintáticas e semânticas que há na relação entre os elementos que constituem o grupo nominal, mostrando as distinções entre um grupo nominal livre e um grupo nominal composto. Entre as propriedades, podem ser destacadas: o bloqueio distribucional, a inseparabilidade, a inserção lexical, o apagamento de N2, a substituição de N2 e as variações em gênero e número. Essa descrição mostra-se útil na medida em que um conjunto de regras e critérios de delimitação de unidades lexicais foi definido, constituindo uma base para a incorporação de novos itens ao léxico. Por fim, as propriedades das entradas incorporadas receberam uma representação formal, resultando na criação de um dicionário eletrônico utilizável em processos eletrônicos.
This paper is a study of the NofN structure nouns, which may be described as compound nouns by juxtaposition. 1500 word sequences are observed, aiming at contributing to the formal description of the Brazilian Portuguese lexicon, and defining the identification criteria of a compound noun with such a structure. The general criterion is based on the concept of semantic non- compositionality. The tests are made from the syntactic and semantic properties existing in the relationship between the elements that constitute the nominal group, showing the differences between a free nominal group and a compound nominal group. Among such properties, the following can be pointed out: distributional blockage, inseparability, lexical insertion, N2 erasing, N2 substitution, and gender and number variations. Such description proves to be useful in the sense that a set of lexical units delimitation rules and criteria has been defined, constituting a basis for the incorporation of new items to the lexicon. Finally, the incorporated entries` properties received a formal representation, which resulted in the creation of an electronic dictionary that can be used in electronic processes.
On étudie dans ce travail les noms formés par la structure NdeN qui caractérise un nom composé par juxtaposition. On a observé 1.500 séquences de mots, pour définir les critères d`identification d`un nom composé par cette structure. Le critère general est fondé sur le concept de la non compositionalité sémantique. Les tests ont été faits à partir des propriétés syntaxiques et sémantiques qu`il y a dans la relation existante entre les éléments qui constituent le groupe nominal, en démontrant les distinctions entre un groupe nominal libre et un groupe nominal composé. Parmi ces propriétés, on peut remarquer le bloquement distributionnel, l`inséparabilité, l`insertion lexical, l`effacement de N2, le remplacement de N2 et les variations en genre et en nombre. En examinant ces propriétés, on a pu observer qu`il y a des irrégularités dans la formation de ce procès. Cette description devient utile dans la mesure que cette reconnaissance peut être formulée et qu`un ensemble de règles et de critères de délimitation d`unités lexicales peut être defini, et que, par là, on peut aboutir à l`incorporation de nouveaux items lexicaux. Au bout, en tenant compte de la possibilité de formalisation, les mots composés peuvent être processés automatiquement dans les diccionnaires électroniques.
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Nkosi, Mpho Caselinah. "Creation of a pronunciation dictionary for automatic speech recognition : a morphological approach." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1030.

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Thesis (M.Sc. (Computer Science)) --University of Limpopo, 2012
Pronunciation dictionaries or lexicons play an important role in guiding the predictive powers of an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system. As the use of automatic speech recognition systems increases, there is a need for the development of dictionaries that cover a large number of inflected word forms to enhance the performance of ASR systems. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the contribution of the morphological approach to creating a more comprehensive and broadly representative Northern Sotho pronunciation dictionary for Automatic Speech Recognition systems. The Northern Sotho verbs together with morphological rules are used to generate more valid inflected word forms in the Northern Sotho language for the creation of a pronunciation dictionary. The pronunciation dictionary is developed using the Dictionary Maker tool. The Hidden Markov Model Toolkit is used to develop a simple ASR system in order to evaluate the performance of the ASR system when using the created pronunciation dictionary.
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Pous, i. Sabadí Carles. "Case based reasoning as an extension of fault dictionary methods for linear electronic analog circuits diagnosis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7728.

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El test de circuits és una fase del procés de producció que cada vegada pren més importància quan es desenvolupa un nou producte. Les tècniques de test i diagnosi per a circuits digitals han estat desenvolupades i automatitzades amb èxit, mentre que aquest no és encara el cas dels circuits analògics. D'entre tots els mètodes proposats per diagnosticar circuits analògics els més utilitzats són els diccionaris de falles. En aquesta tesi se'n descriuen alguns, tot analitzant-ne els seus avantatges i inconvenients.
Durant aquests últims anys, les tècniques d'Intel·ligència Artificial han esdevingut un dels camps de recerca més importants per a la diagnosi de falles. Aquesta tesi desenvolupa dues d'aquestes tècniques per tal de cobrir algunes de les mancances que presenten els diccionaris de falles. La primera proposta es basa en construir un sistema fuzzy com a eina per identificar. Els resultats obtinguts son força bons, ja que s'aconsegueix localitzar la falla en un elevat tant percent dels casos. Per altra banda, el percentatge d'encerts no és prou bo quan a més a més s'intenta esbrinar la desviació.
Com que els diccionaris de falles es poden veure com una aproximació simplificada al Raonament Basat en Casos (CBR), la segona proposta fa una extensió dels diccionaris de falles cap a un sistema CBR. El propòsit no és donar una solució general del problema sinó contribuir amb una nova metodologia. Aquesta consisteix en millorar la diagnosis dels diccionaris de falles mitjançant l'addició i l'adaptació dels nous casos per tal d'esdevenir un sistema de Raonament Basat en Casos. Es descriu l'estructura de la base de casos així com les tasques d'extracció, de reutilització, de revisió i de retenció, fent èmfasi al procés d'aprenentatge.
En el transcurs del text s'utilitzen diversos circuits per mostrar exemples dels mètodes de test descrits, però en particular el filtre biquadràtic és l'utilitzat per provar les metodologies plantejades, ja que és un dels benchmarks proposats en el context dels circuits analògics. Les falles considerades son paramètriques, permanents, independents i simples, encara que la metodologia pot ser fàcilment extrapolable per a la diagnosi de falles múltiples i catastròfiques. El mètode es centra en el test dels components passius, encara que també es podria extendre per a falles en els actius.
Testing circuits is a stage of the production process that is becoming more and more important when a new product is developed. Test and diagnosis techniques for digital circuits have been successfully developed and automated. But, this is not yet the case for analog circuits. Even though there are plenty of methods proposed for diagnosing analog electronic circuits, the most popular are the fault dictionary techniques. In this thesis some of these methods, showing their advantages and drawbacks, are analyzed.
During these last decades automating fault diagnosis using Artificial Intelligence techniques has become an important research field. This thesis develops two of these techniques in order to fill in some gaps in fault dictionaries techniques. The first proposal is to build a fuzzy system as an identification tool. The results obtained are quite good, since the faulty component is located in a high percentage of the given cases. On the other hand, the percentage of successes when determining the component's exact deviation is far from being good.
As fault dictionaries can be seen as a simplified approach to Case-Based Reasoning, the second proposal extends the fault dictionary towards a Case Based Reasoning system. The purpose is
not to give a general solution, but to contribute with a new methodology. This second proposal improves a fault dictionary diagnosis by means of adding and adapting new cases to develop a
Case Based Reasoning system. The case base memory, retrieval, reuse, revise and retain tasks are described. Special attention to the learning process is taken.
Several circuits are used to show examples of the test methods described throughout the text. But, in particular, the biquadratic filter is used to test the proposed methodology because it is
defined as one of the benchmarks in the analog electronic diagnosis domain. The faults considered are parametric, permanent, independent and simple, although the methodology can be extrapolated to catastrophic and multiple fault diagnosis. The method is only focused and tested on passive faulty components, but it can be extended to cover active devices as well.
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Jeong, Young-Kuk. "Conceptual relations of English verbs in an electronic dictionary for the productive use of EFL learners." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307296.

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Mikulėnas, Mindaugas. "Užsienio kalbos terminų duomenų bazės valdymo ir internetinės sistemos kūrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060602_160328-72707.

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The reason for this project was the absence of a free web-based tool for terminology management that would both allow storage and management of term entries with a comprehensive set of descriptive data and incorporate a forum style discussion service for lexicographers. The goal of this project was to develop a platform independent terminology management application that would use a web interface. The objectives were to investigate into the field of electronic tools for terminology management and electronic dictionaries, to distinguish the main features of such systems that could be used in creating a free and platform independent internet based terminology management system, to put into practice the principles of dictionary making and develop a web application that would meet the requirements of easy use and the ability to provide extensive descriptive information for terms. A set of requirements was drawn, the system was designed and a working application was successfully developed using Java technology. It runs on Apache Tomcat server and uses MySQL database for storage of term data. The system was presented with an initial set of 100 terms from the field of real-time systems.
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Wang, Dandi. "The impact of the use of an electronic dictionary on verbal reasoning on adult native Chinese international students in the United States." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527762.

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This research examined the effectiveness of the use of two different type of electronic dictionary: monolingual and bilingual dictionaries in the reading comprehension, production, and vocabulary acquisition by Chinese international students. A total of 141 Chinese international students with different English levels were involved in the study, and 139 of them finally completed the experiment. Sixty eight ofthem were assigned to use a monolingual dictionary during the test while the rest to use a bilingual dictionary. The exact same exam which was called verbal reasoning, measured in three times, contained 25 questions that examined participants' ability to analyze vocabulary and evaluate information from written material. Thirteen of the participants were interviewed twice about their perceptions of vocabulary acquisition, their view about using electronic dictionaries in reading comprehension. In spite of that most researchers tend to believe that the use the monolingual electronic dictionary would lead better outcomes and promote incidental vocabulary acquisition, the result of the experiment showed there was no significant difference among Chinese international students who used the monolingual or bilingual dictionary in verbal reasoning exams.

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Books on the topic "Electronic dictionary"

1

Anderton, Craig. The electronic musician's dictionary. New York: Amsco Publications, 1988.

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Coakley, W. D. The electronic music dictionary. Lantana, Fla. (315 North Lake Drive, Suite 16, Lantana, Florida 33462): W.D. Coakley, 1988.

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Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Stedman's medical dictionary. [electronic resource]. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006.

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Douglas-Young, John. Illustrated encyclopedic dictionary of electronics. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1987.

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Harper, Charles A. Electronic packaging, microelectronics, and interconnection dictionary. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.

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Harper, Charles A. Electronic packaging, microelectronics, and interconnection dictionary. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.

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Valerie, Illingworth, and Young Carol, eds. The Penguin dictionary of electronics. 2nd ed. London, England: Penguin Books, 1988.

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Computer dictionary. 4th ed. Ormond Beach, Fla: Camelot Pub. Co., 1993.

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Sippl, Charles J. Computer dictionary. 4th ed. Indianapolis, Ind., U.S.A: H.W. Sams, 1985.

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Computer dictionary. 3rd ed. Ormond Beach, Fla: Camelot Pub. Co., 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Electronic dictionary"

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Amsler, Robert A. "Electronic Dictionary." In Encyclopedia of Database Systems, 1270–72. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8265-9_809.

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Amsler, Robert A. "Electronic Dictionary." In Encyclopedia of Database Systems, 965–67. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-39940-9_809.

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Amsler, Robert A. "Electronic Dictionary." In Encyclopedia of Database Systems, 1–3. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7993-3_809-2.

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Weik, Martin H. "electronic." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 499. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_5956.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Electronic Heating." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 261. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_4312.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Electronic Treating." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 261. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_4313.

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Nahler, Gerhard. "electronic data." In Dictionary of Pharmaceutical Medicine, 63. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-89836-9_470.

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Nahler, Gerhard. "electronic record." In Dictionary of Pharmaceutical Medicine, 63. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-89836-9_472.

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Nahler, Gerhard. "electronic signature." In Dictionary of Pharmaceutical Medicine, 64. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-89836-9_473.

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ten Have, Henk, and Maria do Céu Patrão Neves. "Electronic Surveillance." In Dictionary of Global Bioethics, 455. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54161-3_223.

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Conference papers on the topic "Electronic dictionary"

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Al Dakkak, Oumayma, and Ahmad Zein. "Towards Arabic Electronic Dictionary." In Communication Technologies: from Theory to Applications (ICTTA). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictta.2008.4530327.

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Winstead, Chris. "Electronic Kanji Dictionary Based on "Dasher"." In 2006 IEEE Mountain Workshop on Adaptive and Learning Systems. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smcals.2006.250706.

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Iftitah, Ita, and Puji Handayati. "Dictionary Electronic Accounting Development Eclipse based." In 2nd INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE ON ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS 2018. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008785200400049.

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Balalaieva, Olena. "THE MACROSTRUCTURE OF AN ELECTRONIC DICTIONARY." In DÉBATS SCIENTIFIQUES ET ORIENTATIONS PROSPECTIVES DU DÉVELOPPEMENT SCIENTIFIQUE. European Scientific Platform, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/logos-05.02.2021.v4.03.

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Hakim, M. Arif Rahman, Mohamad Jafre Zainol Abidin, and Agustina Indah Bahari. "Dictionary Use to Increase Students’ Vocabulary Mastery: Electronic Dictionary or Printed One?" In 1st Bandung English Language Teaching International Conference. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008215001500159.

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Breen, James. "Multiple indexing in an electronic Kanji dictionary." In the Workshop. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1610042.1610044.

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Sheremetyeva, Svetlana. "Application adaptive electronic dictionary with intelligent interface." In the Workshop. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1610042.1610064.

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Nefedova, Elena A., and Elena A. Kovrigina. "About project of an electronic ideographic dictionary from Arkhangelsk dialect." In Lexicography of the digital age. TSU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-907442-19-1-2021-119.

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The “Ideographic Dictionary of Arkhangelsk Dialects” is intended to reflect both the linguistic characteristics of the region and popular ideas about the most important spheres of human life and activities. The main task of the Dictionary is to present all the diversity and richness of the traditional peasant culture and language of the inhabitants of the Russian North. The electronic format of the Dictionary facilitates access to it not only for specialists in the field of dialectology, ethnolinguistics, folkloristics and cultural studies, but also for a wider range of users.
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Kachinskaya, Irina B. "Traditional dialect dictionary in the digital age (on example of «Arkhangelsk Regional Dictionary»)." In Lexicography of the digital age. TSU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-907442-19-1-2021-67.

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The report will examine the past, present and future of the «Arkhangelsk Regional Dictionary». In the digital age, the nature of collecting materials for the dialect dictionary has changed: instead of field notebooks with recordings "by ear", audio recordings are transcribed. All materials are processed on a computer. Instead of a paper card file, an "electronic card file" appeared. Instead of "paper" dictionaries, their electronic counterparts will soon appear.
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E. Samaridi, Nikoletta, Nikitas N. Karanikolas, Evangelos C. Papakitsos, and Michail Papoutsidakis. "Designing a Greek Electronic Dictionary based on Ontology." In PCI 2020: 24th Pan-Hellenic Conference on Informatics. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3437120.3437311.

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Reports on the topic "Electronic dictionary"

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Гапонов, В. Л., Т. А. Лопатухина, Т. Н. Савускан, В. И. Гаршин, and А. В. Бакланова. The electronic ecological dictionary for students. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/ofernio.2014.20516.

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