Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Electronic dictionary / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Electronic dictionary.

Journal articles on the topic 'Electronic dictionary'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 May 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Electronic dictionary.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Vakaliuk, Tetiana, Oksana Chernysh, and Vitalii Levkivskyi Vitalii. "FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF ELECTRONIC DICTIONARIES DESIGN." Collection of Scientific Papers of Uman State Pedagogical University, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2307-4906.2.2021.236696.

Full text

Abstract:

Digital transformation of the society makes digital technologies introduction greatly significant. An electronic dictionary is a type of digital resources that can be used not only as a dictionary but also as an encyclopedia and as an explanatory dictionary. Therefore, such a dictionary is highly efficient for educational as well as scientific research purposes. It greatly contributes to students-philologists language competence development. Moreover, it facilitates the development of students-programmers professional and research competencies. Electronic dictionaries use for educational purposes has been significantly investigated by many outstanding scholars. However, high-quality electronic dictionaries design requires a thorough study and analysis. Therefore, the aim of the article is to consider the foreign experience in electronic multilingual dictionaries design, which will contribute to a quality electronic dictionary compilation. The research highlights numerous approaches to creating electronic dictionaries model and design. Unquestionably, there is no single approach to electronic and explanatory dictionaries design. Nonetheless, there are several approaches proposed by the leading authorities. The article highlights the basics of electronic dictionary development, various dictionaries models (the model of systematic educational design, electronic dictionary functional modules, the system of Chinese dictionary design, the educational model structural scheme for word identification, the structural scheme for label learning system, the configuration for electronic dictionary automatic design, functional dictionary model, relationships model for English-Spanish explanatory dictionary). It presents the algorithms for their creation, outlines their functional features and analyzes existing electronic dictionaries. The prospects for further research lie in the analysis of explanatory dictionary characteristic features and the development of the algorithm for its design. Keywords: dictionary, electronic dictionary, electronic explanatory dictionary, multilingual dictionary, design, development, model development, foreign experience.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Yokoi, Toshio. "The EDR electronic dictionary." Communications of the ACM 38, no. 11 (November 1995): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/219717.219752.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Blumenthal, Eytan Z. "Stedman's Electronic Medical Dictionary." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 277, no. 15 (April 16, 1997): 1249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1997.03540390079044.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Sun, Wei. "Electronic Dictionary Research Corpus." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1992, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 042033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1992/4/042033.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Ganeva, Gergana. "Electronic Diachronic Corpus and Dictionaries of Old Bulgarian." Studia Ceranea 8 (December 30, 2018): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2084-140x.08.06.

Full text

Abstract:

The electronic system histdict is designed as a tool for research, adequate presentation and popularization of a part of Bulgaria’s cultural and historical heritage: the Bulgarian language and its medieval literature. The article describes the various steps in the development of histdict. Attention is paid to each component of the resource: specialized Unicode fonts, electronic diachronic corpus, dictionary of Old Bulgarian, historical dictionary equipped with tools for writing and editing dictionary entries, grammatical dictionary, prototypical search engine, and virtual keyboard. The article also lays out the principles followed in the development of the diachronic grammatical dictionary of the Bulgarian language.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Agapova, N. A., and N. F. Kartofeleva. "Electronic Dictionary of Folk Primety." International Journal of Lexicography 28, no. 4 (May 13, 2015): 513–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecv011.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Vakaliuk, T., and O. Chernysh. "ELECTRONIC MULTILINGUAL TERMINOLOGICAL DICTIONARY MACROSTRUCTURE." International Humanitarian University Herald. Philology 1, no. 46 (2020): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32841/2409-1154.2020.46-1.14.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Теркулов, В. И. "Network dictionary space." Russkii iazyk za rubezhom, no. 5(288) (October 28, 2021): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37632/pi.2021.288.5.006.

Full text

Abstract:

В статье дается общее описание типов сетевых словарей. Разграничиваются «репринтные» словари, которые представляют собой выложенные в Интернете текстовые электронные копии традиционных словарей, электронные версии традиционных словарей, получивших электронную разметку, гиперссылки (гипертекст) на связанные описания толкований значений и снабженных поисковыми формами, словарные корпусы (сетевые гизаурусы) – сайты одновременного поиска по разным электронным версиям словарей (лингвистических и энциклопедических) и сетевые словари, создаваемые исключительно в электронном формате. Базовыми особенностями последних признаются актуальность, интерактивность, интегрированность, мультимедийность и гипертекстуальность. Автор выдвигает идею создания Большого научного интегрального сетевого словаря русского языка. The article deals with a general description of the types of network dictionaries. A distinction is made between «reprint» dictionaries, which are electronic text copies of traditional dictionaries posted on the Internet, electronic versions of traditional dictionaries that have received electronic marking, hyperlinks (hypertext) to related descriptions of meaning interpretations and equipped with search forms, dictionary corpora (network guisauruses) – sites for simultaneous search in different electronic versions of dictionaries (linguistic and encyclopedic), and network dictionaries created only in electronic format. Relevance, interactivity, integration, multimedia and hypertextuali ty are considered to be the basic features of network dictionaries of electronic format. The author puts forward the idea of creating a Large scientific integrated network dictionary of the Russian language.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Ochilova, Mehriniso. "ELECTRONIC DICTIONARY–LEXICOGRAPHY DEVELOPMENT AS A NEW STAGE PRODUCT." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WORD ART 6, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9297-2020-6-17.

Full text

Abstract:

The article discusses the importance of automating the order of data processing, creating new active lexicographic systems, resulting in the creation of automated (electronic) dictionaries from traditional dictionaries. In particular, information was provided on the advantages and convenience of electronic dictionaries available on the Internet over traditional dictionaries. There are also comments onthe need for electronic dictionaries in the Uzbek language, such as the electronic dictionary abby lingvo or the electronic dictionary Urban Dictionary. It was noted that the issue of creating a terminological database (TBD) and the creation of Uzbek cyber lexicography

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Tavakoli, Sara, and Omid Akbari. "An Exploration of the Effects of Electronic Dictionaries on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension." Journal of English Language and Literature 3, no. 2 (April 30, 2015): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/jell.v3i2.49.

Full text

Abstract:

This research examined the L2 learners’ use of electronic dictionaries compared to printed dictionaries. Nowadays, with the advancement and growth of technology, there has been a shift of trend from traditional paper dictionaries to online and electronic dictionaries. In this study the learners’ questionnaire, a reading textbook, a paper dictionary, an electronic dictionary, a reading comprehension test, and the semi-structured interviews were employed as instruments. At first, two questionnaires and the semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify the attitudes and beliefs of EFL learners in relation to the effectiveness of paper and electronic dictionaries on Iranian intermediate EFL learners’ reading comprehension. TOEFL Reading Flash: The Quick Way to Build Reading Power by Milada Broukal (1997) was used as the reading textbook. The Seventh edition of the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary authored by Hornby (2005) was chosen as the paper dictionary. The other dictionary used in this study was an equivalent electronic version of Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary on a CD-ROM as the electronic dictionary. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, 20) was used in order to analyze required statistics. A series of paired-sample t tests were run to examine the learners' reading comprehension scores. In addition, a series of chi-square tests were run to analyze the questionnaires. As results showed, electronic dictionary use has positive effect on learners’ reading comprehension skills and also electronic dictionaries help learners’ vocabulary learning. The implications of the findings are discussed and suggestions are made for future research.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Andronova, Everita, Renāte Siliņa-Piņķe, Anta Trumpa, and Pēteris Vanags. "The Electronic Historical Latvian Dictionary Based on the Corpus of Early Written Latvian Texts." Acta Baltico-Slavica 40 (December 28, 2016): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/abs.2016.018.

Full text

Abstract:

The Electronic Historical Latvian Dictionary Based on the Corpus of Early Written Latvian Texts This article deals with the development of the Electronic Historical Latvian Dictionary (http://www.tezaurs.lv/lvvv) based on the Corpus of Early Written Latvian Texts (http://www.korpuss.lv/senie/). Some issues concerning the compilation and processing of the corpus data are discussed and the main sources added to the Corpus during the four-year project are described: the 16th c. Lord’s Prayers, 17th c. dictionaries, texts of oaths and laws, religious texts and so-called dedication poetry. The aim of the project is to compile a pilot electronic dictionary of 16th–17th century Latvian where all parts of speech are represented among the entries. This dictionary will contain ca. 1,200 entries, including both proper names and common nouns.The main emphasis is on the description of the dictionary entries supplied with relevant practical and theoretical observations. Each part of the dictionary entry is discussed, followed by comments on various issues pertaining to that part (e.g., the choice of headword and the representation of spelling versions) and how these were resolved. Special attention is paid to the head of entry, explanation of meaning deduced from the examples found in the corpus, different types of collocations and their representation in the dictionary, as well as etymological information. Finally, we present a brief review of the dictionary writing software TLex 2013 based on our experience with this tool. Elektroniczny historyczny słownik łotewski oparty na korpusie wczesnych tekstów łotewskichArtykuł poświęcony jest powstawaniu Elektronicznego historycznego słownika łotewskiego (http://www.tezaurs.lv/lvvv) w oparciu o korpus wczesnych tekstów łotewskich (http://www.korpuss.lv/senie/). Omówiono niektóre kwestie odnoszące się do opracowania i przetwarzania danych korpusowych. Ponadto opisano główne źródła dodane do korpusu w okresie czteroletniej pracy nad nim: Modlitewnik z XVI w., słowniki, teksty ślubowań i statutów, teksty religijne i tzw. poezja dedykowana z XVII w. Celem projektu jest opracowanie pilotażowego elektronicznego słownika szesnasto- i siedemnastowiecznego języka łotewskiego, w którym hasła obejmą wszystkie części mowy. Słownik będzie zawierał około 1200 haseł, w tym nazwy własne i rzeczowniki pospolite.Główny nacisk położono na opis haseł słownikowych, zawierający istotne uwagi praktyczne i teoretyczne. Omówiono poszczególne części hasła słownikowego, po czym umieszczono komentarz odnoszący się do różnych kwestii związanych z daną częścią (np. wybór hasła wyrazowego i przedstawienia wersji pisowni) i do przyjętych rozwiązań. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono główce hasła, objaśnieniu znaczenia wynikającego z przykładów występujacych w korpusie, różnym rodzajom kolokacji i ich przedstawieniu w słowniku, jak też informacjom etymologicznym. Na końcu zamieszczono zwięzły przegląd oprogramowania słownikowego TLex 2013, oparty na doświadczeniu autorów, zdobytym podczas pracy z tym narzędziem.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Kovacheva, Stefka. "Electronic Dictionary as a Tool for Integration of Additional Learning Content." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 15 (December 31, 2015): 379–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2015.026.

Full text

Abstract:

Electronic Dictionary as a Tool for Integration of Additional Learning ContentThis article discusses electronic dictionary as an element of the „Bulgarian cultural and historical heritage under the protection of UNESCO” database developed in IMI (BAS), that will be used to integrate additional learning content. The electronic dictionary is described as an easily accessible book of reference, offering information to the shape, meaning, usage and the origin of words in connection to the cultural-historical heritage sites in Bulgaria, protected by UNESCO. The dictionary targets 9–11 year old students from Bulgarian schools, who study the subjects “Man and Society” in 4th grade and “History and Civilization” in 5th grade.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Kim, Cheol-Su, and Yang-Beom Kim. "Statistical Information of Korean Dictionary to Construct an Enormous Electronic Dictionary." Journal of the Korea Contents Association 7, no. 6 (June 28, 2007): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/jkca.2007.7.6.060.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Tatlow, Mike. "Software Reviews : Stedman's Electronic Medical Dictionary." Health Informatics 1, no. 4 (December 1995): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146045829500100413.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Cazade, Alain. "LIED2, Longman Interactive Electronic Dictionary, 2000." Recherche et pratiques pédagogiques en langues de spécialité - Cahiers de l APLIUT, Vol. XXI N° 2 (December 15, 2001): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/apliut.4659.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

James, Stuart. "The Oxford Classical Dictionary (electronic edition)." Reference Reviews 30, no. 8 (October 17, 2016): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rr-07-2016-0184.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Dirckx, J. H. "Dorland's Electronic Medical Dictionary, 28th edition." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 281, no. 9 (March 3, 1999): 852. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.281.9.852.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Loucky, John Paul. "Comparing Electronic Dictionary Functions and Use." CALICO Journal 28, no. 1 (September 30, 2010): 156–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.11139/cj.28.1.156-174.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Griffiths, G. W. "Electronic packaging, microelectronics, and interconnection dictionary." Microelectronics Journal 25, no. 1 (February 1994): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-2692(94)90167-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Eleutério, Samuel, Helena Freire, Elisabete Ranchhod, and Jorge Baptista. "A System of Electronic Dictionaries of Portuguese." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 19, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 57–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.19.1.04ele.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper we present the state of development of DIGRAMA, a system of electronic dictionaries and grammars of Portuguese. We describe briefly the general characteristics of the system, concentrating then on the analysis of two dictionary modules: DIGRAS and DIGRAF. The former is a dictionary of simple words, the latter is a dictionary of inflected forms. To each lexical entry of DIGRAS has been associated a code corresponding to the formal description of the morphological properties of the entries. This information constitutes the basis for a program of automatic generation of inflected forms. DIGRAF is made up of all the inflected forms from the words of DIGRAS.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Yanti, Sri. "IMPROVING STUDENTS� VOCABULARY MASTERY THROUGH ELECTRONIC DICTIONARY." Indonesian EFL Journal 2, no. 2 (September 12, 2017): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/ieflj.v2i2.641.

Full text

Abstract:

This research is designed to investigate the use of electronic dictionary in improving students� vocabulary mastery. This quantitative research applied quasi-experimental with nonequivalent control group design by involving 65 second-grader of SMAN 1 Garawangi. There were two instruments used in this research, namely test, consisted of pretest and posttest, and questionnaire. As result, the findings showed that the mean score of experimental class on pretest was 53, and the mean score of experimental class achieved 86 after the treatment. The improvement of students� vocabulary mastery can also be seen from the level of significance (two-tailed) in paired t-test that was less than the alpha (0.000<0.05). It indicated that the null hypothesis was rejected and Ha was accepted which means that there was significant difference of means between pre-test and post-test of experimental class. Besides, most students endorsed ten items of questionnaire involving affective, behavioral, and cognitive aspects which means that most students in experimental class agreed that electronic dictionary can help them in improving their vocabulary mastery. Finally, the researcher concludes that the use of electronic dictionary can improve students� vocabulary mastery.Keywords: electronic dictionary, vocabulary mastery, quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Islam, Saiful, and Bipul Purkayastha. "A Review on Electronic Dictionary and Machine Translation System Developed in North-East India." Oriental journal of computer science and technology 10, no. 2 (May 12, 2017): 429–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojcst/10.02.25.

Full text

Abstract:

Electronic Dictionary and Machine Translation system are both the most important language learning tools to achieve the knowledge about the known and unknown natural languages. The natural languages are the most important aspect in human life for communication. Therefore, these two tools are very important and frequently used in human daily life. The Electronic Dictionary (E-dictionary) and Machine Translation (MT) systems are specially very helpful for students, research scholars, teachers, travellers and businessman. The E-dictionary and MT are very important applications and research tasks in Natural Language Processing (NLP). The demand of research task in E-dictionary and MT system are growing in the world as well as in India. North-East (NE) is a very popular and multilingual region of India. Even then, a small number of E-dictionary and MT system have been developed for NE languages. Through this paper, we want to elaborate about the importance, approaches and features of E-dictionary and MT system. This paper also tries to review about the existing E-dictionary and MT system which are developed for NE languages in NE India.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Lestari, Asti Ramadhani Endah. "The Preferences and Needs of Electronic Dictionary Among Junior High Students in Jakarta." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 12, SP3 (February 28, 2020): 548–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v12sp3/20201292.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Chetverikov, Grygorii, Iryna Vechirska, and Oleksii Puzik. "Technical Features of the Architecture of an Electronic Trilingual Dictionary." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 16 (December 31, 2016): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2016.013.

Full text

Abstract:

Technical Features of the Architecture of an Electronic Trilingual DictionaryThis article is devoted to the development of the software system used to create an English-Russian-Ukrainian terminological dictionary. Scanned and recognized documents in MSWord format were the input data for the dictionary. Issues which appeared during the parsing of the input data are analyzed and solutions using regular expressions are identified. This article also describes the scheme of the dictionary’s lexicographical database, and its classes of models, views and view models.In addition, a detailed description of the software system from a user’s perspective is included, the prospects for the usage of the dictionary are discussed, and the methods used during the development of the system are described.The software system is built using the design pattern Model-View-View-Model. Through the use of this pattern, internal logic is separated from user interface, thus changes made in different parts of the software may be independent. The developed software system allows users to edit, to fill, and thus to create new thematic transferable electronic dictionaries. The main advantage of the system is the equality of languages, i.e. each user can decide which language is to be major. Opracowanie oprogramowania trzyjęzycznego słownika elektronicznegoArtykuł jest poświęcony opracowaniu oprogramowania rosyjsko-ukraińsko-angielskiego słownika terminologicznego. Za wejściowe dane autorzy przyjęli zeskanowane i rozpoznane dokumenty w formacie MSWord. Błędy powstałe w czasie analizy składniowej wejściowych danych zostały przeanalizowane, a autorzy wskazali drogę ich likwidacji za pomocą regularnych wyrażeń.W pracy została dokładnie opisana baza leksykograficzna danych słownika, zostały opisane klasy modelu danych i klasy modelu prezentacji systemu. Oprogramowanie jest zbudowane w taki sposób, aby można było wykorzystać szablon projektowania Model-View-ViewModel. Dzięki wykorzystaniu tego szablonu interfejs użytkowania jest oddzielony od logiki programu, co pozwala wprowadzać niezależne zmiany poszczególnych części oprogramowania.Sporządzone oprogramowanie pozwala na redagowanie, uzupełnienie i tym samym tworzenie nowych tematycznych słowników przekładowych. Zaletą systemu jest równorzędność języków. Autorzy nakreślili zarówno sposoby wykorzystania samego słownika, jak i metody jego budowania.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Маkarych, M. V., Yu B. Popova, and M. O. Shved. "Electronic Lexicography: Traditional and Modern Approaches М. V. Маkarych1), Yu. B. Popova1), M. O. Shved2)." Science & Technique 19, no. 5 (October 15, 2020): 421–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2020-19-5-421-427.

Full text

Abstract:

Nowadays there are a lot of modern technologies in electronic lexicography: speech synthesis technology, cross-referencing between dictionary modules, spell-checking functions, etc. The increasing availability of online information has necessitated intensive research in the area of automatic text summarization within the Natural Language Processing community. Belarusian scientists are also interested in this sphere and new lexicographical approaches for creating a linguistic database are shown in the paper. The authors present English-Belarusian-Russian electronic dictionary TechLex. This is the project of the 2nd English Department and the Department of Software for Information Systems and Technologies of the Belarusian National Technical University. The linguistic database of the dictionary is compiled not by the traditional method of processing a large number of paper dictionaries and combining the received translations, but by sequential processing of scientific and technical English-language periodicals. While the designing the dictionary the authors have taken into account the analysis of modern electronic multilingual translation dictionaries and created a client-server application in the Java programming language. The client part of the system contains a mobile application for the Android operating system, which has been tested on tablets and smartphones with different screen diagonals. The interface of the TechLex dictionary is designed taking into account the possibility of adding new subject areas and filling them with appropriate lexical material. The main advantage of our dictionary is that it is the first technical multilingual electronic dictionary having a Belarusian version.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Andrejevic-Stosovic, Miona, and Vanco Litovski. "Hierarchical approach to diagnosis of electronic circuits using ANNs." Journal of Automatic Control 20, no. 1 (2010): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jac1001045a.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, we apply artificial neural networks (ANNs) to the diagnosis of a mixed-mode electronic circuit. In order to tackle the circuit complexity and to reduce the number of test points hierarchical approach to the diagnosis generation was implemented with two levels of decision: the system level and the circuit level. For every level, using the simulation-before-test (SBT) approach, fault dictionary was created first, containing data relating the fault code and the circuit response for a given input signal. Also, hypercomputing was implemented, i.e. we used parallel simulation of large number of replicas of the original circuit with faults inserted to achieve fast creation of the fault dictionary. ANNs were used to model the fault dictionaries. At the topmost level, the fault dictionary was split into parts simplifying the implementation of the concept. During the learning phase, the ANNs were considered as an approximation algorithm to capture the mapping enclosed within the fault dictionary. Later on, in the diagnostic phase, the ANNs were used as an algorithm for searching the fault dictionary. A voting system was created at the topmost level in order to distinguish which ANN output is to be accepted as the final diagnostic statement. The approach was tested on an example of an analog-to-digital converter.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Metola Rodríguez, Darío. "On the applicability of the dictionaries of Old English to linguistic research." Journal of English Studies 15 (November 28, 2017): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/jes.3208.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this article is to review the standard dictionaries of Old English from the perspective of the evolution from traditional lexicography to electronic lexicography. An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (Bosworth and Toller 1973), The student’s Dictionary of Anglo-Saxon (Sweet 1976), A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (Hall 1996) and The Dictionary of Old English in Electronic Form A-G (Healey et al. 2008) are discussed with respect to headword, alternative spellings and cross-references, vowel quantity and textual evidence.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Kisiel, Anna, Joanna Satoła-Staśkowiak, and Wojciech Sosnowski. "The need for an electronic multilingual dictionary." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 14 (September 4, 2014): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2014.006.

Full text

Abstract:

The need for an electronic multilingual dictionaryThe paper analyses the issue of providing adequate equivalents in multilingual dictionaries. If equivalents are adequate, it means that: (1) the scope of meaning of one item is identical to its equivalent (cf. drive: drive a nail vs. drive a car); and (2) the collocations of the equivalents overlap. Two significant problems arise when searching for adequate equivalents: the lack of equivalents whose meanings are identical (narrower/wider meanings, partial overlap of meanings, more than equally good equivalent), and equivalents with homographs in a given language. Because such issues are difficult to resolve in a printed dictionary, we put forward some methods of addressing the problems in an electronic dictionary. The paper offers an example entry from such a dictionary, which presents a suggestion of a layout. We also took into consideration the potential problems which may appear if the entry is presented in this manner: first, one must set a limit for the description (a defined number of lexical units); second, one must avoid circularity, but at the same time also strive for an exhaustive description. Electronic dictionaries offer greater possibilities of presenting modern vocabulary and adding new classifiers (e.g. a classifier of politeness).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Mutalov, Rasul O., and Magomed R. Mutalov. "Towards the development of the information retrieval system “Electronic dictionary of the Dargwa language”." Philological Sciences. Scientific Essays of Higher Education, no. 1 (January 2018): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/phs.1-18.014.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Buckley, Anne. "Book Review: Some Dictionaries: McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Science and Engineering, McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Engineering, McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Electronics and Computer Technology, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Electronic Terms, Electronics Ready Reference Manual." International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education 22, no. 4 (October 1985): 353–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072098502200412.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Blanco, Xavier, and Dolors Català. "Deuxième Partie." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 22, no. 1-2 (December 31, 1999): 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.22.1-2.13bla.

Full text

Abstract:

Within the framework of studies using the ladl system of electronic dictionaries, the group Applied Linguistics in Romance Languages of the uab has undertaken the construction of an electronic dictionary for frozen compound adverbs. This dictionary completes the delacs (Dictionary for Compound Words of Spanish). This paper briefly presents the characteristics of each type of frozen compound adverb and also the choices that underlie the development of the tables in which they are recorded. Details are also given about the state of electronic dictionary of frozen compound adverbs currently available on intex. Since this is a preliminary study, the final section is devoted to identifying possible future developments, rather than drawing conclusions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Makarych, M. V., Y. B. Popova, and M. O. Shved. "Linguistic database and software for english-belarusian-russian dictionary of technical terms." «System analysis and applied information science», no. 4 (February 6, 2019): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2309-4923-2018-4-74-82.

Full text

Abstract:

The central object of computer lexicography is a computer or electronic dictionary, which must have a sufficiently large vocabulary, provide the consistent extraction of information depending on the user’s need and provide complete grammatical information about the words of input and output languages. Taking into account the current trend in the development of special terminological dictionaries, the authors propose an English-Belarusian-Russian dictionary of technical terms. At the initial stage of the work the dictionary was named TechLex and covers the following subject areas: architecture and construction, water supply, information technology, pedagogy, transport communications, economics, energy-supply. Currently, each subject area of the dictionary is located in the Internet GoogleTable and contains about 1000 terms. It has the possibility to be simultaneously filled by several teachers. The linguistic database of the dictionary is not created by the traditional way of processing a large number of paper dictionaries and combining the received translations. Lexis from sequential processing of scientific and technical English periodicals of particular subject areas is the base of it. The software of the proposed electronic dictionary is designed taking into account the analysis of modern electronic multilingual translation dictionaries and is a client-server application in Java programming language. The client part of the system contains a mobile application for the Android operating system, which was tested on tablets and smartphones with different screen diagonals. The interface of TechLex dictionary is designed in such a way that only a single zone is activated according to the query, so there is no need to view all the subject areas of the dictionary. The proposed TechLex dictionary is the first technical multilingual electronic dictionary with an English-Belarusian-Russian version.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Prinsloo, Danie J. "Electronic Dictionaries viewed from South Africa." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 18, no. 34 (March 8, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v18i34.25798.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this article is to evaluate currently available electronic dictionaries from a South African perspective for the eleven ofﬁcial languages of South Africa namely English, Afrikaans and the nine Bantu languages Zulu, Xhosa, Swazi, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Southern Sotho, Tswana, Tsonga and Venda. A brief discussion of the needs and status quo for English and Afrikaans will be followed by a more detailed discussion of the unique nature and consequent electronic dictionary requirements of the Bantu languages. In the latter category the focus will be on problematic aspects of lemmatisation which can only be solved in the electronic dictionary dimension.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Li, Chun Mei. "Design and Development of English Electronic Dictionary Based on Android Platform." Advanced Materials Research 912-914 (April 2014): 1197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.1197.

Full text

Abstract:

The design and development process of electronic dictionary software on Android development platform was discussed in this paper. This application, using Android SDK and the Eclipse IDE to develop, is available in English translation, learning, testing, reviewing, attention book, import or delete dictionary, reciting English sentence and other functions. The software has built-in dictionaries, also allows users to import necessary dictionary to learn. The system uses Android integrated development interface of SQLite to store and retrieve vocabulary. The applications are developed based on Java language, and worked as expected on the emulator.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Laletin, Yu P., V. O. Sorvyonkov, and M. A. Timofeev. "ELECTRONIC PASHTO DICTIONARY: CREATING A MORPHOLOGY DATABASE." Philology at MGIMO 18, no. 2 (June 20, 2019): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2019-2-18-113-118.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

de Schryver, G. M. "Lexicographers' Dreams in the Electronic-Dictionary Age." International Journal of Lexicography 16, no. 2 (June 1, 2003): 143–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijl/16.2.143.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Chernysh, O. "The peculiarities of electronic multilingual academic dictionary." International Humanitarian University Herald. Philology 40, no. 2 (2019): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32841/2409-1154.2019.40.2.32.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Gray, J. C. "Creating the electronic new Oxford english dictionary." Computers and the Humanities 20, no. 1 (January 1986): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02393463.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Mavrommatidou, Stavroula, Zoe Gavriilidou, and Angelos Markos. "Development and Validation of the Strategy Inventory for Electronic Dictionary Use (S.I.E.D.U.)." International Journal of Lexicography 32, no. 4 (July 1, 2019): 393–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecz015.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The present paper reports results regarding the development and validation of the S.I.E.D.U., an electronic instrument for assessing users’ skills in electronic dictionary searches. The S.I.Ε.D.U. is a self-report questionnaire with 32 Likert-type items and its content development was based on a review of relevant literature, expert review and pilot testing. The scale’s construct validity is assessed by means of a preliminary exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a subsequent confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The results suggest a correlated four-factor structure: 1) familiarity with different types of electronic dictionaries and the conditions of their use; 2) strategies for lemmatization and acquaintance with dictionary conventions; 3) navigation skills; and 4) look-up strategies in new electronic environments. Internal consistency reliability of the four subscales is high and test-retest reliability is excellent. Also, the ability of the instrument to discriminate between experts and non-experts in electronic dictionary use is demonstrated. Results are discussed and implications are provided in the context of electronic lexicography.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Tymoshuk, Roman, KHrystyna Vilchynska, Volodymyr Shyrokov, and Maksym Nadutenko. "Semantic Interpretation of Phraseological Units in Ukrainian-Polish Electronic Phraseological Dictionary." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 15 (December 31, 2015): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2015.021.

Full text

Abstract:

Semantic Interpretation of Phraseological Units in Ukrainian-Polish Electronic Phraseological DictionaryWhen compiling bi- and multilingual phraseological lexicons it is necessary to address such theoretical issues as the formulation linguistically grounded principles of selection of phraseological units and their translation, semantic interpretation based on differentiation of pictures of the world of the linguistic systems, comprehensive combination of elements of the structure and presentation of various linguistic ambiguities, rational form of dictionary entries and building of user-friendly interface in electronic dictionary systems, etc. The article addresses the principles of Ukrainian-Polish electronic phraseological dictionary, which is one of the first attempts of complex and systematic presentation of Ukrainian and Polish phraseology. The main attention is paid to the lexicographic representation of phraseological units, their semantic characterization and selection problem idiomatic equivalents.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Lozano-Nieto, A. "Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dictionary." IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication 47, no. 4 (December 2004): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2004.837972.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Seiss, Melanie, and Rachel Nordlinger. "An electronic dictionary and translation system for Murrinh-Patha." EuroCALL Review 20, no. 1 (March 22, 2012): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/eurocall.2012.16207.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents an electronic dictionary and translation system for the Australian language Murrinh-Patha. Its complex verbal structure makes learning Murrinh-Patha very difficult. Design learning materials or a dictionary which is easy to understand and to use also presents a challenge. This paper discusses some of the difficulties posed by the Murrinh-Patha verb system and proposes electronic resources which build on deep language processing to perform the required tasks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Dimitrova, Ludmila, and Violetta Koseska. "Presentation of the verbs in Bulgarian-Polish electronic dictionary." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 14 (September 4, 2014): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2014.005.

Full text

Abstract:

Presentation of the verbs in Bulgarian-Polish electronic dictionaryThis paper briefly discusses the presentation of the verbs in the first electronic Bulgarian-Polish dictionary that is currently being developed under a bilateral collaboration between IMI-BAS and ISS-PAS. Special attention is given to the digital entry classifiers that describe Bulgarian and Polish verbs. Problems related to the correspondence between natural language phenomena and their presentations are discussed. Some examples illustrate the different types of dictionary entries for verbs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Totomanova, Anna Maria. "Digital Presentation of Bulgarian Lexical Heritage. Towards an Electronic Historical Dictionary." Studia Ceranea 2 (December 30, 2012): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2084-140x.02.17.

Full text

Abstract:

The article presents the results of the project “ICT Tools for Historical Linguistic Studies”, funded by the European Social Fund, OP Human Resources. The main project goal was to elaborate electronic tools for creating a Historical Dictionary of Diachronic Type that should present the history of the Bulgarian words from their first written occurrence until today. By the end of the project the team (Faculty of Slavic Studies at Sofia University, Institute for Bulgarian Language, BAS and PAM Publishing Company, Sofia) had at their disposal a set of Old Bulgarian Unicode fonts, meant for publishing medieval texts and a convertor that converts non-Unicode documents into the new standard. The convertor allowed the participants to create in a relatively short time a Diachronic text corpus of Bulgarian medieval texts, containing already more than 90 texts dated from the 10th to the 18th century. The corpus software enables editing the texts and turned out to be an excellent tool for preparing electronic editions of the Old Bulgarian (OCS) manuscripts. In addition to the corpus an electronic dictionary of Old Bulgarian is available, which contains the digitized version of Старобългарски речник, produced by IBL. Both tools are accessible on the project website at the address histdict.uni-sofia.bg. The Standard of the Historical Dictionary took shape during the project course and respective software for elaborating new dictionary entries was designed and tested. The article also displays screenshots that demonstrate the functionalities of both the corpus and dictionary software.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Rezaei, Mojtaba, and Mohammad Davoudi. "The Influence of Electronic Dictionaries on Vocabulary Knowledge Extension." Journal of Education and Learning 5, no. 3 (May 15, 2016): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v5n3p139.

Full text

Abstract:

<p>Vocabulary learning needs special strategies in language learning process. The use of dictionaries is a great help in vocabulary learning and nowadays the emergence of electronic dictionaries has added a new and valuable resource for vocabulary learning. The present study aims to explore the influence of Electronic Dictionaries (ED) Vs. Paper Dictionaries (PD) on vocabulary learning and retention of Iranian EFL learners. Seventy college students formed the participants of the study. Before the treatment, a Preliminary English Test was used for assessing the participants’ homogeneity. The participants were assigned to Electronic Dictionary (ED) group and Paper Dictionary (PD) group. The treatment lasted for 15 sessions. Eighty-eight new target words were selected in order to be taught in this study. The ED group participants were asked to use their mobile dictionary (Blue Dict dictionary), that include eight popular different dictionaries. The participants of the PD group used their ordinary Paper Dictionaries for finding the meaning of words. In order to check their short-term and long-term vocabulary learning, both groups took part in an immediate and delayed post-test respectively after the treatment. Based on the t-test results, the participants in ED group outperformed those of PD group. The overall results indicate that EDs can improve vocabulary learning.</p>

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Nugraha, Gilang, Ratnawati Ratnawati, and AM Surachmat. "EXPLORING LOW AND HIGH STUDENTS� PERCEPTION ON ENGAGING E-DICTIONARY IN MASTERING VOCABULARY: CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY." Indonesian EFL Journal 5, no. 1 (January 16, 2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/ieflj.v5i1.1609.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper is a survey study that aims at investigating low and high achievement students� perception on engaging electronic dictionary in enhancing their vocabulary mastery. There were 30 students involved in this study consisting of 16 students as the high achievement students and 14 students as the low achievement students. They were considered as high and low students based on the result of their last examination score. Questionnaire and interview were used to collect the data. The results of the study showed that low achievement students have positive perception on the use of electronic dictionary especially Google Translate. Most of them agreed that the use of Google Translate helped them in improving their English vocabulary mastery because Google Translate is easy to use and fast in translating meaning of words. Moreover, most �of the high achievement students also have positive perception on the use of Google Translate because it is easy to use and free, it can be accessed by using their smartphones. Nevertheless, the problems also found in the use of electronic dictionary especially Google Translate, including bad internet connection which affected the performance of Google Translate. It can be conluded that there are almost similar perception between low and high achievement students on the use of electronic dictionary especially Google Translate.Keywords: electronic dictionary; google translate; low and high achievement students; perception; vocabulary mastery.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Smolonogina, E. A., and I. O. Sitnikova. "Parameters of Lexicographic Description of New Vocabulary of Modern German in Electronic Dictionary of Neologisms of Leibniz Institute for German Language." Nauchnyi dialog 11, no. 2 (March 19, 2022): 140–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-2-140-158.

Full text

Abstract:

The problem of lexicographic fixation of neologisms at the present stage of development of German-language lexicography by private explanatory dictionaries of electronic format is considered. A fairly successful example of lexicographic practice was chosen as the object of the study — an electronic dictionary of neologisms of the modern German language on the lexicographic online portal of the Leibniz Institute for the German Language. The dictionary is a “living”, constantly updated edition, which is based on the criteria for the definition and classification of neologisms, developed by its compilers. The authors of the article performed an analysis of the parameters of the lexicographic description of neologisms in this dictionary. The question is raised about the mandatory or optional nature of the parameters used by the compilers of the dictionary when forming the microtext (dictionary entry). Standard and specific parameters of lexicographic description, which are profile for the dictionary of new words are distinguished: example-definition, first fixation, language reflection, encyclopedic information, representation in dictionaries, etc. The analysis of lexicographic practice sets the task of summarizing the practical experience of lexicographers in order to determine the optimal set of parameters for the codification of neology.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Shimizu, Kouhei, and Masafumi Hagiwara. "A New Electronic Dictionary with Meaning Description of Case Frame." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 9, no. 3 (May 20, 2005): 304–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2005.p0304.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, we propose a new electronic dictionary that helps computers to understand languages. In the field of natural language processing, meaning analysis is a difficult problem. The research has been quite few. On the other hand, meaning comprehension is quite interesting and expected to contribute to many fields. For meaning analysis, knowledge about words is indispensable. Thesauruses provide such knowledge by classifying words by their concepts. They can be used as electronic dictionaries. However, the contents are merely the clusters of words. They have little knowledge about the relationships of multiple clusters, resulting in no capacity for grasping relative meaning of words. For this reason, thesauruses are insufficient for meaning analysis. A novel approach is presented in this paper for improving the capability of electronic dictionaries. The contents of the new electronic dictionary are set of nodes and links, the same style as thesauruses. Our method enables computers to treat concretely multiple concepts of words by deriving nodes from another node. Each node consists of a verb and some nouns. Thus, a node-itself can describe meanings as a form of sentence, which differs from thesauruses. Meaning comprehension is achieved by routing nouns through nodes connected with links. Experimental results indicate the excellent ability to analyze meaning of a whole sentence. It is concluded that such ability of the dictionary is quite useful not only as an electronic dictionary itself but also in many fields such as composition support system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Zhou, Zhiyi. "On Building a Specialized Chinese-English /English-Chinese Electronic Dictionary for Chinese Business English Learners." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 9, no. 4 (July 1, 2018): 840. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0904.23.

Full text

Abstract:

Based on needs analysis, this paper studies the needs of Business English (BE) learners on acquiring business terms. An online questionnaire was conducted on full-time undergraduate business English majors and international business majors in the School of International Business English at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies and 254 valid questionnaires were collected. The finding shows that a customized specialized C-E/E-C electronic dictionary is in great need during the 4-year-learning process of BE learners, while disadvantages of existing C-E/E-C electronic dictionaries are spotted. According to the data collected from the survey, author discuss the disadvantages of existing Chinese-English/English-Chinese (C-E/E-C) electronic dictionaries and tries to put forward improvement suggestions on building a specialized C-E/E-C electronic dictionary from the perspective of BE learners. This research will help business-English- term teaching and specialized C-E/E-C electronic dictionary compiling.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Liu, Xiao Yun, and Jian Shen. "Design and Implementation of English Electronic Dictionary System for Android." Applied Mechanics and Materials 631-632 (September 2014): 1003–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.631-632.1003.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, based on the Android operating system, an electronic dictionary system on mobile devices is designed. Local word searching is achieved by SQLite database storing and managing data, local word library being built on the res\raw directory in the Android project, and then the Input Stream data being written to corresponding files in other directories; By using the interface of Unabridged Dictionary, calling utf8 encoding scheme to implement the web-based word search.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!