Relevant bibliographies by topics / Electronic discovery (Law)

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Electronic discovery (Law)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Electronic discovery (Law)"

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Redish, Martin H. "Electronic Discovery and the Litigation Matrix." Duke Law Journal 51, no. 2 (November 2001): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1373202.

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Rumsey, Mary. "Electronic Media Discovery [EMD]." Legal Reference Services Quarterly 20, no. 4 (December 31, 2001): 19–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j113v20n04_02.

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Forte, Dario, and Richard Power. "Electronic discovery: digital forensics and beyond." Computer Fraud & Security 2006, no. 4 (April 2006): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1361-3723(06)70332-3.

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Claypoole, Theodore F., and Rebecca S. Kell. "Coping with Electronic Data Discovery Issues." Environmental Claims Journal 14, no. 4 (October 2002): 399–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10406020291041901.

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Marcus, Richard L. "Confronting the Future: Coping with Discovery of Electronic Material." Law and Contemporary Problems 64, no. 2/3 (2001): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1192313.

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Mahoto, Naeem Ahmed, Asadullah Shaikh, Mana Saleh Al Reshan, Muhammad Ali Memon, and Adel Sulaiman. "Knowledge Discovery from Healthcare Electronic Records for Sustainable Environment." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 9, 2021): 8900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13168900.

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The medical history of a patient is an essential piece of information in healthcare agencies, which keep records of patients. Due to the fact that each person may have different medical complications, healthcare data remain sparse, high-dimensional and possibly inconsistent. The knowledge discovery from such data is not easily manageable for patient behaviors. It becomes a challenge for both physicians and healthcare agencies to discover knowledge from many healthcare electronic records. Data mining, as evidenced from the existing published literature, has proven its effectiveness in transforming large data collections into meaningful information and knowledge. This paper proposes an overview of the data mining techniques used for knowledge discovery in medical records. Furthermore, based on real healthcare data, this paper also demonstrates a case study of discovering knowledge with the help of three data mining techniques: (1) association analysis; (2) sequential pattern mining; (3) clustering. Particularly, association analysis is used to extract frequent correlations among examinations done by patients with a specific disease, sequential pattern mining allows extracting frequent patterns of medical events and clustering is used to find groups of similar patients. The discovered knowledge may enrich healthcare guidelines, improve their processes and detect anomalous patients’ behavior with respect to the medical guidelines.
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Kim, Bum-sun, and Sang-jin Lee. "A Study on the Korean Electronic Evidence Disclosure (E-Discovery) Issue and Solutions." Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice 31, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 61–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21181/kjpc.2022.31.3.61.

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These days, when core evidence of litigation is digitally produced and processed and especially important information is encrypted and preserved, the electronic evidence initiation model of countries that have already introduced the electronic evidence initiation system is supplemented or revised to suit each country's situation through trial. In the current domestic litigation environment where the electronic evidence disclosure system has not been established, it is difficult for litigants to secure digital evidence held by individuals, companies, and governments in litigation procedures. On the other hand, many countries, including the Anglo-American region, are already operating the e-Discovery system. Recently, discussions have been taking shape in Korea, such as the introduction of a Korean-style e-Discovery law, but concerns have also been raised about possible side effects. In particular, companies are concerned that confidential information of the company may be leaked to competitors through specialized companies or related persons in charge of investigation through the electronic evidence disclosure procedure. To solve this problem, this study aims to present the issues and improvements of the introduction of Korean electronic discovery through the ① qualification management of court-designated experts ② unilateral rejection of sensitive confidential information ③ public cloud server operation model ④ electronic evidence initiation council.
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Kim, Elaine Ki Jin. "The New Electronic Discovery Rules: A Place for Employee Privacy?" Yale Law Journal 115, no. 6 (April 1, 2006): 1481. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20455660.

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Luoma, Vicki Miller. "Computer forensics and electronic discovery: The new management challenge." Computers & Security 25, no. 2 (March 2006): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2006.01.002.

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Ermakova, Elena P. "Digitalization of civil proceedings in the USA: consolidation of the procedure for electronic disclosure of evidence (“e-discovery”)." Gosudarstvo i pravo, no. 11 (2022): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s102694520022769-6.

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The article notes that electronic disclosure of evidence (“e-discovery”) refers to the disclosure of evidence during the pre-trial stage of court proceedings, such as civil proceedings (litigation) or government investigations, when the requested information is in electronic format. Electronic information is considered different from paper because of its immaterial form, volume, transience and impermanence. Electronic information is usually accompanied by metadata, which is not present in paper documents and which can play an important role as evidence. The main document that allowed the digitalization of US civil proceedings was the amendments of 2006 and 2015 to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure governing the conduct of Court proceedings in US federal Courts. It is emphasized that one of the most hotly contested aspects of electronic disclosure of evidence has become the problem of electronic data security. The destruction of emails and other electronic data is as egregious and punishable by the court as the destruction of other documentary evidence related to a civil lawsuit. The decision in the case “Zubulake v. UBS Warburg” 2005 established important practices regarding “e-discovery”. In addition, this decision showed that various specialists can be involved in the project of electronic disclosure of evidence: lawyers of the parties, forensic experts, IT managers and office managers. In this regard, the comparative analysis of the above issues is of particular importance.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electronic discovery (Law)"

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Keck, Andrew G. "Electronic discovery." Thesis, Utica College, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10101099.

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Cyber incidents continue to increase across the entire globe. The increase in security threats requires organizations to rethink strategies and policies continually fortifying against known and unknown threats. Cyber incident policies and response plans range from non-existent to hundreds of pages in length. A policy may include sections discussing roles and responsibility, incident detection, escalation, and many additional categories, and often discuss the collection and preservation of forensic evidence. Policies briefly address, in many cases, the proper collection of evidence; however, the written regulation concerning the potential liabilities, the risks associated with current and future litigation, and the legal consequences to a cyber incident remains sparse. The desired outcome of this paper is to enlighten the reader through identification of the risks, the potential pitfalls, and steps to policy development pertaining to the handling of electronic evidence, with a cross examination of overlapping sectors between forensics, electronic discovery, and cyber security.

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Wallner, Gerald L. "Developing a proactive framework for e-discovery compliance." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2008. http://165.236.235.140/lib/GWallner2008.pdf.

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"Liforac - A Model For Life Forensic Acquisition." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3438.

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Kgamanyane, Ketsebae Israel. "The significance of video evidence analysis in the investigation of murder cases against the police." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25219.

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The researcher attempts to establish the significance of video evidence analysis in the investigation of murder cases against the police. The evidence obtained could be crucial and admissible in court and ultimately resulted in the successful prosecution of an accused person. In order for investigators to conduct an effective investigation, it is important that they become familiar with the application of video evidence, its purpose, benefits and shortfalls. In order to achieve the intended goals and objectives of video evidence, the investigators should know how to collect, package, process and analyse video evidence. The clarification and processing of the crime scene of video evidence as well as the identification of a suspect at the scene of crime is very much important and without video evidence it would be difficult to convict an accused person in a court of law.
Police Practice
M. Tech. (Forensic Investigation)
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Books on the topic "Electronic discovery (Law)"

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Ayers, Daniel Francis. Electronic discovery. Wellington, N.Z.]: New Zealand Law Society, Family Law Section and Property Law Section, 2009.

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Adler, Gary A., and Steven C. Bennett. Electronic discovery 2013. New York, N.Y: Practising Law Institute, 2013.

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J, Lender David, ed. Electronic discovery: Law and practice. New York: Aspen Publishers, 2004.

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Institute, Pennsylvania Bar. A day on electronic discovery. Mechanicsburg, Pa. (5080 Ritter Rd., Mechanicsburg 17055-6903): Pennsylvania Bar Institute, 2012.

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Stanfield, Allison. Computer forensics, electronic discovery and electronic evidence. Chatswood, N.S.W: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2009.

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Stanfield, Allison. Computer forensics, electronic discovery and electronic evidence. Chatswood, N.S.W: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2009.

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Stanfield, Allison. Computer forensics, electronic discovery and electronic evidence. Chatswood, N.S.W: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2009.

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Stanfield, Allison. Computer forensics, electronic discovery and electronic evidence. Chatswood, N.S.W: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2009.

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J, Dawson Martha, McCurdy Gregory S. 1964-, Pepperman Richard C, and Practising Law Institute, eds. Electronic discovery guidance for corporate counsel. New York, N.Y: Practising Law Institute, 2004.

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Blakley, Alan F. Electronic discovery: The challenges and opportunities of electronic evidence. [Charlotte, NC: Federal Bar Association / Mecklenburg County Bar, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Electronic discovery (Law)"

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David P, Stewart, and Bowker David W. "Six Obtaining Evidence across National Boundaries." In Ristau's International Judicial Assistance. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199812714.003.0006.

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Transnational discovery—the process of obtaining evidence in one country for use in legal proceedings in another—is increasingly important in contemporary international civil and commercial litigation. It is particularly challenging because different national rules exist both as to what information can be obtained and how, and by whom, it can be acquired. This chapter reviews a range of practical and legal challenges that practitioners may face when taking evidence in one national jurisdiction for use in another. It surveys existing multilateral instruments on the subject, in particular the Hague Convention on the Taking of Evidence Abroad in Civil or Commercial Matters, the Inter-American Convention on Taking Evidence Abroad and its Additional Protocol, and EU Regulation No. 1206/2001. It also describes in some detail relevant U.S. rules and concludes by summarizing some of the growing challenges presented by the taking of electronic or digital evidence located within one country for use in another.
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Maura, R. Grossman, and V. Cormack Gordon. "Quantifying Success: Using Data Science to Measure the Accuracy of Technology-Assisted Review in Electronic Discovery." In Data-Driven Law, 127–52. Auerbach Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19763-6.

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Nielit, Stephen G., and Thanuskodi S. "E-Discovery Components of E-Teaching And M-Learning." In E-Discovery Tools and Applications in Modern Libraries, 240–48. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0474-0.ch013.

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Electronic discovery is the electronic aspect of identifying, collecting and producing electronically stored information (ESI) in response to a request for production in a law suit or investigation.ESI includes, but is not limited to, emails, documents, presentations, databases, voicemail, audio and video files, social media, and web sites. E-Teaching is the teaching students using electronic equipment either directly or indirectly. As well as M-Learning also anytime and anywhere for fixing timings for learning process. M-learning or ‘m'obile learning is defined as “learning across multiple contexts, through social and content interactions, using personal electronic devices”.A form ofdistance education, m-learners use mobile device educational technology at their time convenience.M-learning technologies include handheld computers, MP3 players, notebooks, mobile phones and tablets. M-learning focuses on the mobility of the learner, interacting with portable technologies. This paper deals with some important things about E-Teaching and M-Learning with advantages of both.
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Nielit, Stephen G., and Thanuskodi S. "E-Discovery Components of E-Teaching And M-Learning." In Mobile Devices in Education, 928–36. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1757-4.ch053.

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Electronic discovery is the electronic aspect of identifying, collecting and producing electronically stored information (ESI) in response to a request for production in a law suit or investigation.ESI includes, but is not limited to, emails, documents, presentations, databases, voicemail, audio and video files, social media, and web sites. E-Teaching is the teaching students using electronic equipment either directly or indirectly. As well as M-Learning also anytime and anywhere for fixing timings for learning process. M-learning or ‘m'obile learning is defined as “learning across multiple contexts, through social and content interactions, using personal electronic devices”.A form ofdistance education, m-learners use mobile device educational technology at their time convenience.M-learning technologies include handheld computers, MP3 players, notebooks, mobile phones and tablets. M-learning focuses on the mobility of the learner, interacting with portable technologies. This paper deals with some important things about E-Teaching and M-Learning with advantages of both.
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Dykstra, Josiah. "Seizing Electronic Evidence from Cloud Computing Environments." In Cloud Technology, 2033–62. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6539-2.ch095.

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Despite a growing adoption of cloud computing, law enforcement and the judicial system are unprepared to prosecute cloud-based crimes. This chapter illuminates legal problems in the United States for electronic discovery and digital forensics arising from cloud computing and argues that cloud computing challenges the process and product of electronic discovery. The researchers investigate how to obtain forensic evidence from cloud computing using the legal process by surveying the existing statues and recent cases applicable to cloud forensics. A hypothetical case study of child pornography being hosted in the Cloud illustrates the difficulty in acquiring evidence for cloud-related crimes. For the first time, a sample search warrant is presented that could be used in this case study, and which provides sample language for agents and prosecutors who wish to obtain a warrant authorizing the search and seizure of data from cloud computing environments. The chapter concludes by taking a contrasting view and discusses how defense attorneys might be able to challenge cloud-derived evidence in court.
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Scerri, Eric. "Electronic Explanations of the Periodic System Developed by Chemists." In The Periodic Table. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190914363.003.0013.

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Given the advances in explanations of the periodic system provided by physicists in the first quarter of the twentieth century, described in chapter 7, it is interesting to consider what advances, if any, chemists achieved during the same period. Unlike physicists, chemists were working largely inductively with experimental data on the elements and not via any theoretical arguments. However, in many instances, the electronic configurations proposed by chemists were superior to those postulated by such physicists as Niels Bohr and Edmund Stoner. This is not entirely surprising given the chemist’s familiarity with the properties of the elements. Inductive arguments based on the macroscopic behavior of elements were often more fruitful than the deductive arguments based on physical principles. Moreover, as described in chapter 7, even physicists’ routes to electronic configurations were not always as deductive as their authors claimed them to be. The starting point for the chemical contributions to the assignment of electronic configurations can be regarded as J.J. Thomson’s discovery of the electron in 1897, since without the existence of this particle there could be no electronic configurations. In 1902, the American chemist Gilbert Norton Lewis began speculating about the electronic structure of atoms, although he did not publish his views due to the prevailing empiricist climate in US chemistry, which was rather hostile toward theoretical approaches. Considerably later, Lewis recalled his early thoughts on the constitution of atoms: . . . In the year 1902 (while I was attempting to explain to an elementary class in chemistry some of the ideas involved in the periodic law) becoming interested in the new theory of the electron, and combining this idea with those implied in the periodic classification, I formed an idea of the inner structure of the atom which, although it contained certain crudities, I have ever since regarded as representing essentially the arrangement of electrons in the atom. . . . Some dated fragments of this work still survive, including a diagram in which Lewis depicts the electronic structures of the elements from helium up to fluorine.
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Gunawan, Yordan, and Rizaldy Anggriawan. "E-Court." In Handbook of Research on Disruptive Innovation and Digital Transformation in Asia, 1–16. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6477-6.ch001.

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Facing the advanced Industry 4.0, where everything is closely tied to technology and is characterized by digitalization, the Supreme Court of Indonesia has introduced the implementation of e-justice by developing an electronic justice system (e-court) in 2018. The study aims to highlight the current practice of e-court in Indonesia. It also examines the existing implementation and legal provisions regulating the electronic-based court proceedings. The research method used is normative legal research. It analyzes the positive law, principles, doctrines of law, legal discovery in particular cases, legal systematics, legal comparison, and legal history. The study revealed that e-court has provided easier access to the public in order to make the court more accessible, effective, and efficient. Nevertheless, several improvements in particular sectors such as access to justice, case delays, human resource readiness, public internet facility, evidence management, and hearing session procedures need to be highlighted and updated by the court.
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Alexandrov, Yu A., and T. F. Drozdova. "Electric Dipole Moment of the Neutron." In Fundamental Properties of the Neutron, 79–102. Oxford University PressOxford, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198517351.003.0007.

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Abstract The existence of the electric dipole moment (EDM) of elementary particles (particularly of the neutron) is associated with their symmetry properties. The discovery of parity violation has aroused a special interest in discrete transformations: charge conjugation (C), inversion of coordinates (P), and time reversal (T). Detailed reviews on the problem are given in Refs 218 and 219. A charge conjugation operation means the replacement of all particles by their antiparticles. A charged or a not truly neutral particle transforms into another, for example an electron into a positron. A truly neutral particle (e.g. a photon or a n° meson) transforms into itself. Each transformation implies a quantum mechanical quantity, which either reverses or preserves its sign. The charge conjugation reverses the sign of the charge (electronic, baryonic, leptonic) of the particle (Q → −Q), magnetic moment (μ → −μ), magnetic field strength (H → −H), and electric field strength (ℰ → −ℰ), but preserves the sign of the momentum (p → p) and spin (σ → σ). An experimentally observed particle-antiparticle symmetry reveals itself in the requirement of the invariant of physical laws under charge conjugation (C): if a certain physical process occurs in nature, the physical process in which the particles have been replaced by antiparticles occurs with the same probability (the law of C parity conservation). Up to 1956 the above formulated law was believed to hold for any interactions of any physical objects. In 1956 the breakdown of invariance under charge conjugation in weak interactions was discovered. For example, the free neutrino was found to be polarized in the opposite direction to its momentum and antineutrino in the direction of the momentum. The charge conjugation operation applied to the neutrino (or antineutrino) leads to a situation having no place in nature.
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Cantor, Brian. "Bragg’s Law." In The Equations of Materials, 24–44. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851875.003.0002.

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The diffraction of X-rays is used as the main method for determining the atomic and molecular structures of inorganic and biological materials. The basic law of diffraction was discovered by Lawrence Bragg when he was a student at Cambridge University and he was just 22 years old. Bragg’s law explains how the angle of a diffracted X-ray beam varies with the wavelength of the X-rays and the spacing of the atoms and molecules in the material. This chapter examines the way X-rays are generated and scattered by electrons, atoms and crystals; the use of structure factors and Fourier transforms to calculate the intensity of the scattered X-rays; and the effect of using electrons or neutrons instead of X-rays. Bragg was born and brought up in Adelaide in Australia. He discovered Bragg’s law with the help of his father, William, after they had moved to England. Lawrence was a Professor at Manchester University, Cambridge University, and the Royal Institution; contributed to the development of range-finding, asdic, and sonar during the First and Second World Wars; and supervised Crick and Watson when they discovered the structure of DNA.
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Kuramoto, Y., and Y. Kitaoka. "Comparison with high-temperature superconductors." In Dynamics of Heavy Electrons, 191–210. Oxford University PressOxford, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198517672.003.0006.

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Abstract The discovery by Bednorz and M üller (1986) of superconductivity at 30 K in the ceramic copper oxides [1] La2-xBarCu04 (abbreviated as 2-1-4) has had great impact on solid state physics. This breakthrough ,vas followed soon by the discovery of the 90 K-class superconductor YBa2Cu3o7_y (1-2-3) and recently by that of 130 K-dass HgBa2Ca2Cu30s+y (Hgl 223). These cuprates have the following characteristic properties [2]: 1. The Cu02 planes are commonly present, and are seIJ’arated by bridging blocks which act as charge reservoirs for the planes. Figure 6.1 illustrates the structure of the (2-1-4) system.
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Conference papers on the topic "Electronic discovery (Law)"

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Martins, V. S., and C. D. Silva. "Text Classification in Law Area: a Systematic Review." In Symposium on Knowledge Discovery, Mining and Learning. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/kdmile.2021.17458.

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Automatic Text Classification represents a great improvement in law area workflow, mainly in the migration of physical to electronic lawsuits. A systematic review of studies on text classification in law area from January 2017 up to February 2020 was conducted. The search strategy identified 20 studies, that were analyzed and compared. The review investigates from research questions: what are the state-of-art language models, its application of text classification in English and Brazilian Portuguese datasets from legal area, if there are available language models trained on Brazilian Portuguese, and datasets in Brazilian law area. It concludes that there are applications of automatic text classification in Brazil, although there is a gap on the use of language models when compared with English language dataset studies, also the importance of language model in domain pre-training to improve results, as well as there are two studies making available Brazilian Portuguese language models, and one introducing a dataset in Brazilian law area.
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Du, D., X. Liu, and G. Mourou. "Reduction of Multiphoton Ionization in Dielectrics due to Collisions." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1996.fb.4.

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The multiphoton ionization of atoms and molecules has been extensively studied, both experimentally and theoretically, ever since its discovery. The recently discovered phenomena such as ATI and transient resonance have enriched the understanding of laser-matter interaction on the atomic scale[1]. However, most of the studies on the MPI were done with low pressure gases, where inter-atomic distance is larger than the electron excursion amplitude, and hence the collision effect is negligible.
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Gjosheva-Krsteski, Marija, and Svetlana Nikoloska. "ABUSE OF PERSONAL DATA AS A COMPUTER CRIME IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA." In SECURITY HORIZONS. Faculty of Security- Skopje, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/icp.8.1.23.p18.

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Abuse of personal data is a crime systematized in Chapter 15 of Criminal Offenses against the Freedoms and Rights of Man and Citizen in Article 149 paragraph 2, 3, 4 and 5 where it is provided that this crime can also be committed by breaking into computer system of personal data with the intention of abusing them for personal benefit or the benefit of someone else and achieving some benefit or inflicting damage, contrary to the conditions stipulated by the Law on the Protection of Personal Data. The legislator also foresees responsibility for the officials who committed the crime within the performance of the service, and responsibility is provided if the crime was committed in an attempt and criminal responsibility for the legal entities. According to the means and method of execution, this crime has the characteristics of a computer crime and has its own criminalistic characteristics that are significant in the process of discovery, illumination and provision of evidence, in the case of electronic evidence, on the basis of which criminal proceedings are initiated against the perpetrators. The paper will analyze the criminal characteristics of the Abuse of personal data as a computer crime, where its criminal characteristics (manner, time, place and means of execution) will be analyzed, as well as the personal and status characteristics of the perpetrators and of course the motives for execution. Normative, statistical, comparative and case analysis methods will be applied. Based on the knowledge obtained, conclusions will be drawn for preventive action and awareness raising among citizens for the protection of their personal data, as well as a contribution to the suppression of this crime.
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Jihoon Lee. "Efficient IPv6 neighbor discovery scheme for wireless LAN mesh networks." In 2009 Digest of Technical Papers International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce.2009.5012259.

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Goldenberg, S. S., J. P. Long, and M. N. Kabler. "Photochemical Production of Metallic Gallium on Cleaved Gaas Surfaces: Time-Resolved Measurements Using Laser and Synchrotron Radiation." In The Microphysics of Surfaces: Beam-Induced Processes. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/msbip.1991.wa2.

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In the course of investigations of electronic processes on laser excited semiconductor surfaces cleaved in ultrahigh vacuum, we have discovered the accumulation of Ga islands on GaAs (110) induced by laser pulse fluences far below those previously reported for irreversible surface modification.1 We have characterized these islands by core and valence photoelectron spectroscopy and by scanning electron microscopy. The photoemission spectra show a satellite of lower binding energy in the Ga 3d spectra which grows along with a metallic edge in the band gap. Because the Ga islands can be produced at fluences as low as 1 mJ/cm2, for which the lattice temperature rise is insignificant, as described below, it is evident that a photochemical decomposition of the GaAs surface is occurring.
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Baumberg, J. J., S. A. Crooker, F. Flack, N. Samarth, and D. D. Awschalom. "Ultrafast Coherent Spin Torques in Magnetic Quantum Wells." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1996.pdp.1.

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Introducing magnetic material into semiconductor nanostructures evokes potent magnetic tuning of the spin-split energy levels due to the strong exchange coupling between the quantum-confined charge carriers and the sublattice of magnetic ions. By uniting low-dimensional magnetic heterostructures with ultrafast spin spectroscopy we discover a new aspect to these systems, the exchange-coupled spin torques acting on both photoinjected carriers and the embedded local moments. Our time-resolved Faraday rotation technique1 identifies the initial injection of spin-polarized carriers, multi-terahertz precession of the electrons, and the coherent transfer of hole angular momentum to the magnetic subsystem via the ultrafast rotation of the local moments. The perturbed ions then undergo free-induction decay, thus enabling the first time-domain all-optical electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements in submonolayer magnetic planes.
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Blau, W., H. Byrne, and P. Horan. "Resonant Third-Order Nonlinearity of Quasi One- and Zero-Dimensional Electron Systems." In Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlopm.1988.tud6.

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The invention of semiconductor multi-quantum wells and the following discovery of large optical nonlinearities in them [1] have started a substantial research effort into the properties of such two-dimensional quantum confined systems. Furthermore the question of further reducing the electron dimensionality and the associated scaling laws [2] has arisen. By reducing the electron dimensionalities by confining them physically in two and three dimensions beyond their de-Broglie wavelength, the situation of the idealized "particle-in-the-box" is realized. Associated with this behavior is an increase in the exciton binding energy (observable at room temperature) and in oscillator strength, and hence also an increase of the optical nonlinearity arising from the saturation of this transition. By suitable choice of chemical systems this low dimensional behavior can be experimentally approached.
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8

Fauchet, P. M., Y. Kostoulas, Ju V. Vandyshev, L. Tsybeskov, K. B. Ucer, L. Waxer, I. A. Walmsley, and V. Petrova-Koch. "Ultrafast Electronic Processes in Porous Silicon." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1994.wc.16.

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The discovery in 1990 [1] that porous silicon is a strong light emitter in the visible at room temperature has changed our assessment of the usefulness of silicon as an optoelectronic material and raises the possibility of practical silicon light emitters [2]. The luminescence from light emitting porous silicon (LEPSi) usually occurs in the deep red to orange region with a quantum efficiency of a few percents at 300 K and >10% at low temperature. The luminescence decays with a lifetime that ranges from ~1-10 μsec at 300 K to >1 msec at low temperature. More than 15 different models have been proposed to explain the strong luminescence from LEPSi [3] but only two models have received strong experimental support. In the first model, light emission results from the recombination of a free electron-hole pair or exciton across the bandgap of silicon nanoparticles [1,4]. The emission is in the visible because the effective bandgap is increased by quantum confinement and the quantum efficiency is high because the bandgap of these silicon nanoparticles has become quasi-direct and because nonradiative recombination is suppressed thanks to the good passivation of the nanoparticle surface. In the second model, light emission results from radiative recombination involving carriers trapped in states localized on the nanoparticle surface [5]. These surface states are in the forbidden gap of the silicon nanocrystallites which is increased by quantumconfinement. The long lifetime of the luminescence is explained by the small overlap between the wavefunctions of carriers localized at physically separated states. To date, no experiment has been able to decide which model is correct.
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9

Khorshidifard, Sara. "Slowly but Surely: Chronicle of Springfield’s First Community Fridge." In 111th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.55.

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Not all tools or normative practices at the hands of architects and designers may align with the call for architectural commoning. Yet, design thinking and skill contributions to building more sustainable, resilient, and equitable communities are conceivable on all levels and scales. One such approach aligns with what is theoretically known as the “mutual aid.” Activist and law professor Dean Spade in his 2022 book Mutual Aid: Building Solidarity During This Crisis (and the Next) defines the concept as the survival work done in conjunction with social movements. Mutual aid is a framework for demanding transformative change, for radically redistributing care and wellbeing, and to ultimately “heal ourselves and the world.”1 Through a mutual aid outlook, even though with small design acts, architectural contributions to regenerative and redistributive commons- based economies are foreseeable, by putting design to work and the heart where the needs are. Mutual aid in action is the story behind the journey of Springfield’s first Community Fridge. It all began with an electronic message circulated during a peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2021, sharing voices of two city residents who had raised the need for neighborhood fridges due to rising food costs and local food insecurities. The Community Fridge movement has started globally as a grassroots effort to combat food insecurity and food waste. When installed in accessible locations, they are proven to act as vital and identifiable resources for community members to pick up free fresh food and for patrons to donate excess food. Springfield’s Community Fridge project born with the spark from residents Chelsy Cole and Mal Bailey grew in partnership with local Citizen Architect Kate Stockton and myself. The initiative has since gained momentum in the months and year following, and attained resourceful new partnerships such as Drury AIAS Freedom by Design, the West Central Neighborhood Alliance and Urban Roots Farm business as hosts, Better Block SGF through its WeCreate 2022 design competition focus, and the Discovery Center of Springfield to be offering fresh produce donations from its aeroponics vertical gardens. The first neighborhood hosting the first fridge today has high need for food resources where neighbors will definitely benefit from the project. According to City data, 16.9% of county households are food insecure, an issue highly prevalent in West Central that is amongst poorest neighborhoods. Most recent data indicated 80% of residents as renters, 41.8% individuals and 30.8% families below poverty rates, with 14% unemployment rates and a median income as low as $19,731. Thanks to the collective efforts, unscripted impetus of the mutual aid groups and individuals involved, and funding through donations and grants, the fridge will be on its way in the built stage set for competition by the end of 2022.
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10

Chauchard, E. A., Chi H. Lee, V. Diadiuk, and G. W. Turner. "Picosecond Optoelectronic Switches Using Composite Electronic Materials." In Picosecond Electronics and Optoelectronics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/peo.1987.we12.

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Since the discovery of picosecond photoconductivity, optoelectronic switches made from a variety of materials have been studied [1]. A great number of applications have already been recognized and many new techniques depend on the availability of ultrafast (picosecond) devices. The two switches using composite electronic materials studied in this work are Fe-doped InGaAs grown on InP substrates and GaAs on a silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) substrate. The semi-insulating character of the Fe:InGaAs epilayer makes it very attractive for fabrication of integrated devices such as PIN photodetectors and FETs [2]. This material also exhibits a very high mobility (10000 cm2/Vs) and a photosensitivity extending up to 1.65 pm. The GaAs on SOS is of interest for the monolithic integration of GaAs and silicon devices where, for example, a GaAs FET could be integrated on a silicon wafer. This process takes advantage of the mature Si technology and the availability of low cost, high quality silicon wafers [3]. There is also interest for SOS as substrate because it provides better isolation and it is transparent. The interface silicon-sapphire exhibits a high density of defects, allowing faster devices to be fabricated. In our experiment, the sapphire substrate was used for mechanical strength. Whatever the material, the fabrication of a switch by deposition of metallic electrodes makes it possible to determine the switch characteristics and possible applications as well as to test the material optical properties.
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Reports on the topic "Electronic discovery (Law)"

1

Banin, Amos, Joseph Stucki, and Joel Kostka. Redox Processes in Soils Irrigated with Reclaimed Sewage Effluents: Field Cycles and Basic Mechanism. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695870.bard.

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The overall objectives of the project were: (a) To measure and study in situ the effect of irrigation with reclaimed sewage effluents on redox processes and related chemical dynamics in soil profiles of agricultural fields. (b) To study under controlled conditions the kinetics and equilibrium states of selected processes that affect redox conditions in field soils or that are effected by them. Specifically, these include the effects on heavy metals sorption and desorption, and the effect on pesticide degradation. On the basis of the initial results from the field study, increased effort was devoted to clarifying and quantifying the effects of plants and water regime on the soil's redox potential while the study of heavy metals sorption was limited. The use of reclaimed sewage effluents as agricultural irrigation water is increasing at a significant rate. The relatively high levels of suspended and, especially, dissolved organic matter and nitrogen in effluents may affect the redox regime in field soils irrigated with them. In turn, the changes in redox regime may affect, among other parameters, the organic matter and nitrogen dynamics of the root zone and trace organic decomposition processes. Detailed data of the redox potential regime in field plots is lacking, and the detailed mechanisms of its control are obscure and not quantified. The study established the feasibility of long-term, non-disturbing monitoring of redox potential regime in field soils. This may enable to manage soil redox under conditions of continued inputs of wastewater. The importance of controlling the degree of wastewater treatment, particularly of adding ultrafiltration steps and/or tertiary treatment, may be assessed based on these and similar results. Low redox potential was measured in a field site (Site A, KibutzGivat Brenner), that has been irrigated with effluents for 30 years and was used for 15 years for continuous commercial sod production. A permanently reduced horizon (Time weighted averaged pe= 0.33±3.0) was found in this site at the 15 cm depth throughout the measurement period of 10 months. A drastic cultivation intervention, involving prolonged drying and deep plowing operations may be required to reclaim such soils. Site B, characterized by a loamy texture, irrigated with tap water for about 20 years was oxidized (Time weighted average pe=8.1±1.0) throughout the measurement period. Iron in the solid phases of the Givat Brenner soils is chemically-reduced by irrigation. Reduced Fe in these soils causes a change in reactivity toward the pesticide oxamyl, which has been determined to be both cytotoxic and genotoxic to mammalian cells. Reaction of oxamyl with reduced-Fe clay minerals dramatically decreases its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity to mammalian cells. Some other pesticides are affected in the same manner, whereas others are affected in the opposite direction (become more cyto- and genotoxic). Iron-reducing bacteria (FeRB) are abundant in the Givat Brenner soils. FeRB are capable of coupling the oxidation of small molecular weight carbon compounds (fermentation products) to the respiration of iron under anoxic conditions, such as those that occur under flooded soil conditions. FeRB from these soils utilize a variety of Fe forms, including Fe-containing clay minerals, as the sole electron acceptor. Daily cycles of the soil redox potential were discovered and documented in controlled-conditions lysimeter experiments. In the oxic range (pe=12-8) soil redox potential cycling is attributed to the effect of the daily temperature cycle on the equilibrium constant of the oxygenation reaction of H⁺ to form H₂O, and is observed under both effluent and freshwater irrigation. The presence of plants affects considerably the redox potential regime of soils. Redox potential cycling coupled to the irrigation cycles is observed when the soil becomes anoxic and the redox potential is controlled by the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple. This is particularly seen when plants are grown. Re-oxidation of the soil after soil drying at the end of an irrigation cycle is affected to some degree by the water quality. Surprisingly, the results suggest that under certain conditions recovery is less pronounced in the freshwater irrigated soils.
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