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1

Kumar, Raj, Pramendra Kumar Verma, and M. V. Kartikeyan. "A Wide Beam Printed Quadrifilar Helix based Circularly Polarised Radiating Element for Electronically Steered Antenna." Defence Science Journal 71, no. 1 (2021): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.71.16100.

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Wide beam and low axial ratio performance of printed quadrifilar antennas result in very attractive circularly polarised radiating element for wide scanned Electronically Steered Antenna. A compact printed quadrifilar Helix antenna (PQHA) has been designed and realised at S-Band frequency. Simulation and optimisation of designed antenna has been performed using ANSYS’s high frequency structure simulation (HFSS) software for its impedance, axial ratio (AR) performance and radiation characteristics. The developed circularly polarised antenna has 3-dB beam width of 130° and peak gain of 3.4dBic a
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Mathew, Jestin John, Nitish HS, Dr Jayavrinda V. V, and Dr Raghunandan S. "Implementation of Beam Steering using Phased Array Antennas." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 6 (2020): 1006–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jun716.

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Beam steering is a phenomenon of varying the direction of the main lobe in the radiation pattern, so in radar systems it can be achieved by changing the relative phases of the antenna being implemented.But,some of the setbacks of implementing beam steering in mechanical antennas like microstrip antenna is that the directivity and, gain is low,and interference is very high.Whereas,in our project we have implemented beam steering using phased array antennas which has produced better results.So,an phased array antenna is electronically scanned antenna ,which produces a beam of radio waves that ca
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Oppermann, Martin, and Ralf Rieger. "RF Modules (Tx–Rx) with Multifunctional MMICs." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2017, NOR (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2017-nor-oppermann.

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Abstract Next generation RF sensor modules for multifunction active electronically steered antenna (AESA) systems will need a combination of different operating modes, such as radar, electronic warfare (EW) functionalities and communications/datalinks within the same antenna frontend. They typically operate in C-Band, X-Band and Ku-Band and imply a bandwidth requirement of more than 10 GHz. For the realisation of modern active electronically steered antennas, the transmit/receive (T/R) modules have to match strict geometry demands. A major challenge for these future multifunction RF sensor mod
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4

Aboualalaa, Mohamed, Hesham A. Mohamed, Thamer A. H. Alghamdi, and Moath Alathbah. "A Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna Using Eight-Dipole Configuration for Energy Harvesting Applications." Sensors 23, no. 20 (2023): 8451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23208451.

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A pattern reconfigurable antenna, composed of eight elements, is proposed for energy harvesting applications. Pattern reconfigurable antennas are a promising technique for harvesting from different wireless sources. The radiation pattern of the proposed antenna can be steered electronically using an RF switch matrix, covering an angle range from 0 to 360 degrees with a step size of 45 degrees. The proposed antenna primarily consists of an eight-dipole configuration that shares the same excitation. Each dipole is excited using a balun comprising a quarter-wavelength grounded stub and a quarter-
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5

Bialkowski, M. E., S. T. Jellett, and R. S. Varnes. "Electronically steered antenna system for the australian mobilesat." IEE Proceedings - Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation 143, no. 4 (1996): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-map:19960396.

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6

Gonzalez, Manuel J., Ana Ruiz, Alberto Pellon, et al. "Enabling In-Flight Connectivity with the new Generation of Electronically Steered Antennas." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1226, no. 1 (2022): 012109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1226/1/012109.

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Abstract In-flight communication (IFC) services offered to passengers and crew are of great importance to the air transport sector. The improvement of the satellite capacity with High Throughput Satellites (HTS) in GEO and the advent of MEO and LEO constellations will support the forecast growth of the IFC market. Antenna equipment for satellite communications will need to address multiple scenarios from G2G (Gate-to-Gate) to multi-operation under GEO-MEO-LEO systems. Under these conditions, antennas with the ability to track multiple satellites and having superior performance and reliability
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7

Kumar, Raj, Pramendra Kumar Verma, and Machavaram Venkateshwar Kartikeyan. "Wide scanned electronically steered conformal active phased array antenna for Ku-band SATCOM." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 11, no. 4 (2018): 376–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078718001599.

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AbstractThe paper describes the design and development of a low profile wide scanned conformal active 1 × 32 phased array antenna for Ku-band SATCOM applications. The realized antenna is diagonally polarized and covers full transmit frequency band (i.e. 13.75–14.5 GHz) of Ku band SATCOM. All the developed sub-systems of the antenna, i.e. conformal radiating array, conformal transmit module, manifold network, and beam steering unit are described. The VSWR of the antenna is better than 1.65 over the complete transmit frequency band. The antenna has the beam steering capability of ±60° in the arr
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8

Yatongchai, Auychai, Peerasan Khamsalee, and Rangsan Wongsan. "EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT FOR ELECTRONICALLY STEERED DUAL-BEAM ANTENNA BY USING METAMATERIAL BASED RADOME." Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology 30, no. 4 (2023): 010249(1–16). http://dx.doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-04-e0862.

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Efficiency improvement for electronically steered dual-beam antenna by using metamaterial based radome are a PCB based circular-patch antenna design for dual beam steering is presented. This design employs the symmetrical slots inserted into the surface at eight angles of circular-patch antenna, thus, the original circular-patch antenna is reconfigured as consisting of eight small square-patches placed on eight angles and separated by such the slots. The beam steering property of this antenna can be implemented by controlling the on/off state of PIN diodes, which connected between each small s
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9

Kumar, Raj, Pramendra Kumar Verma, Rajesh Roy, and Machavaram Venkata Kartikeyan. "POLARIZATION MATCHED RADIATING ARRAY FOR ELECTRONICALLY STEERED PHASED ARRAY ANTENNA." Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 79 (2018): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl18092606.

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10

Merene, Joseph, Maria Mathew Amalu, Rani G. Nair Anugraha, and Soman Devika. "Energy Efficient Switched Parasitic Array Antenna for 5G Networks." Journal of Switching Hub 4, no. 3 (2019): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3525842.

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In order to meet the ever-increasing demand of high data rate and improving signal to noise ratio in the upcoming 5G, we present the mathematical modeling, design, and simulation of Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR). The proposed antenna consists of an active central element which is surrounded by six parasitic elements. The antenna is operated at a frequency of 2.45GHz and is capable of 360-degree beam steering in the step of 60 degrees each. Around 6dB gain was achieved. The designed antenna is highly efficient in terms of size and cost since there is only one active
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11

Catalani, Alfredo, Franco Di Paolo, Marzia Migliorelli, Lino Russo, Giovanni Toso, and Piero Angeletti. "Ku Band Hemispherical Fully Electronic Antenna for Aircraft in Flight Entertainment." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2009 (2009): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/230650.

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The results obtained in the frame of the ESA activity “Advanced Antenna Concepts For Aircraft In Flight Entertainment” are presented. The aim of the activity consists in designing an active antenna able to guarantee the Ku band link between an aircraft and a geostationary satellite in order to provide in flight entertainment services. The transmit-receive antenna generates a single narrow beam to be steered electronically in a half sphere remaining compliant with respect to stringent requirements in terms of pattern shape, polarization alignment, EIRP, G/T, and using customized electronic devi
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12

Ahmed, A. Babiker, and A. Elhaj Emad. "Modeling and Simulation of Phased Array Antenna for Long Range Tracking and Surveillance Radar." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 7, no. 9 (2022): 128–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7102654.

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Radar systems transmit high power to survey long distances, which needs a costly component to handle such a power. Array and phased array antenna can accomplish this purpose with low power component, but with more complexity in design and control. Also tracking radars require antennas with sophisticated beam shape with specific characteristics such as narrow beam width and ability to scan the coverage with high data rate. These requirements lay a great burden on radar system’s designer to satisfy the characteristics of surveillance and tracking with one beam. Carefully designed phased ar
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13

Alonso, J. I., J. M. Blas, L. E. Garcia, et al. "Low cost electronically steered antenna and receiver system for mobile satellite communications." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 44, no. 12 (1996): 2438–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.554576.

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14

Lesueur, G., H. Gilles, S. Girard, T. Merlet, and M. Queguiner. "Optical Sensor for Real-Time Reconstruction of Distortions on Electronically Steered Antenna." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 20, no. 21 (2008): 1763–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2008.2004681.

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15

Lakshmaiah, Akumalla, N. N. S. S. R. K. Prasad, and K. P. Ray. "Investigations on Monolithic Radome Interactions with Active Electronically Scanned Array on Fighter Platform." Defence Science Journal 71, no. 5 (2021): 662–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.71.16398.

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The conventional fighter aircrafts are often equipped with fire control radar (FCR) using mechanically scanned antenna (MSA) with passive slots enclosed with monolithic conical radome. When the fighter platforms get upgraded with the modern active electronically steered array (AESA) FCR for better mission capabilities, even though radome change is desirable for optimum performance of AESA, it may not be feasible due to development time. This necessitate the evaluation of AESA radar with the existing monolithic radome. Hence active antenna aperture radiation pattern is required to be assessed w
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16

Abdul Malek, Norun, Rob D. Seager, James A. Flint, and Zuhairiah Zainal Abidin. "Analysis, Optimization, and Hardware Implementation of Dipole Antenna Array for Wireless Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2022 (August 30, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1741454.

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The antenna pattern synthesis is one of the significant problems in the phased array antenna. Pattern synthesis refers to the optimized weight excitation of each antenna element in order to steer the beam electronically without mechanically rotating the antenna. It can be achieved by using a combination of phase shifters and attenuator circuits. In this paper, a 2 by 2 dipole antennas with an RF beamforming circuit has been designed to steer the main beam along the azimuth plane. The main beam coverage from 100° to 140° with a step size of 10° has been successfully optimized using a hybrid of
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17

Kwon, Daihyun, Hyunwoo Ko, Sungwon Hong, Kichul Yoon, Byunglae Cho, and Kwan Sung Kim. "Elevation Estimation Algorithm for Low-Altitude Targets in Multipath Environment." Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 24, no. 4 (2024): 341–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26866/jees.2024.4.r.234.

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The algorithm proposed in this study estimates the multipath elevation of targets at low altitudes, including near-zero elevation. Although the double null algorithm is a maximum likelihood elevation estimation algorithm, it diverges when the target elevation is near zero. Addressing this issue, the selective double null algorithm improves the accuracy of multipath elevation at low altitudes by applying previously measured antenna near-field patterns. However, it cannot be applied to active electronically scanned array radars, since antenna beam patterns vary with the steered azimuth and eleva
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18

Ivić, Igor R. "An Approach to Simulate the Effects of Antenna Patterns on Polarimetric Variable Estimates." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 34, no. 9 (2017): 1907–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-17-0015.1.

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AbstractOne of the main challenges of using phased array radar for weather observations is the implementation of dual polarization with acceptable errors of polarimetric variable estimates. This is because the differences between the copolar antenna patterns at the horizontal and vertical polarizations, as well as cross-polar fields, can introduce unacceptable measurement biases, as the main beam is electronically steered away from the principal planes. Because the sufficient cross-polar isolation is difficult to achieve by the phased array antenna hardware and because the copolar as well as c
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19

Пастернак, Ю. Г., В. А. Пендюрин, Д. К. Проскурин, and К. С. Сафонов. "ANTENNA ARRAY OF DOUBLE-WAY ARCHIMEDEAN SPIRALS EXCITED USING COMMUNICATION PINS IMMEDIED INTO A RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE." ВЕСТНИК ВОРОНЕЖСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА 19, no. 6(-) (2023): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2023.19.6.024.

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растущий спрос на широкополосные мультимедийные услуги побуждает авиационную отрасль в ближайшем будущем предоставлять услуги двунаправленной бортовой связи. Гражданские самолеты в настоящее время оснащаются терминалами высокоскоростной спутниковой связи. До настоящего времени терминалы спутниковой связи разрабатывались для L- и Ku-диапазонов частот. С учетом тенденций развития технологий широкополосных мультимедийных приложений возникла необходимость использования более высоких частот, в частности, частот Ka-диапазона, где может быть обеспечена требуемая пропускная способность. Исследования п
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20

He, Zhang, Yi, Jin, and Dong. "Suppressing Paired Echoes Caused by Stair-Step Antenna Steering in TOPS SAR Imaging." Remote Sensing 11, no. 21 (2019): 2544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11212544.

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The use of electronically steered antennas in the azimuth dimension typically leads to a staircase-like antenna beam steering law in the Terrain Observation by Progressive Scan (TOPS) wide-swath synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data acquisition mode, which will introduce paired echoes in the focused images. This paper proposes a new approach for removing such paired echoes from TOPS SAR images based on the generalization of the ideal optimum filtering concept, which can be implemented easily in the SAR data processing. Modeling the amplitude-modulated azimuth signal shows that the absolute phase
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21

Karabey, Onur Hamza, Alexander Gaebler, Sebastian Strunck, and Rolf Jakoby. "A 2-D Electronically Steered Phased-Array Antenna With 2$\,\times\,$2 Elements in LC Display Technology." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 60, no. 5 (2012): 1297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2012.2187919.

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22

Oppermann, Martin, Joerg Schroth, and Felix Thurow. "Transmit/Receive (T/R) Modules – Key Elements for Phased Array Antennas." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2013, CICMT (2013): 000054–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-2013-tp24.

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Modern Active Electronically Steered Antennas (AESA) are operating in different platforms and systems. Inside EADS/CASSIDIAN the focus on X-Band antennas today is in airborne and fighter nose radars, in satellite based SAR antennas (Synthetic Aperture Radar) for earth observation and ground surveillance and security radars. Active antennas are assembled with hundreds or even thousands of T/R modules. This paper will describe an example of a so called standardized module solution based on LTCC package technology. State-of-the-art modules are assembled with active components like MMICs realized
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23

Oppermann, Martin, Joerg Schroth, and Felix Thurow. "Transmit/Receive (T/R) Modules—Key Elements for Phased Array Antennas." Journal of Microelectronics and Electronic Packaging 10, no. 3 (2013): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/imaps.381.

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Modern active electronically steered antennas (AESA) operate in different platforms and systems. Inside EADS/CASSIDIAN, the focus on X-band antennas today is on airborne and fighter nose radars, in satellite based SAR antennas (synthetic aperture radar) for earth observation, and ground surveillance and security radars. Active antennas are assembled with hundreds or even thousands of transmit/receive modules. This paper will describe an example of a so-called standardized module solution based on LTCC package technology. State-of-the-art modules are assembled with active components such as MMI
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24

Munoz-Martin, Joan Francesc, Raul Onrubia, Daniel Pascual, et al. "Single-Pass Soil Moisture Retrieval Using GNSS-R at L1 and L5 Bands: Results from Airborne Experiment." Remote Sensing 13, no. 4 (2021): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13040797.

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Global Navigation Satellite System—Reflectometry (GNSS-R) has already proven its potential for retrieving a number of geophysical parameters, including soil moisture. However, single-pass GNSS-R soil moisture retrieval is still a challenge. This study presents a comparison of two different data sets acquired with the Microwave Interferometer Reflectometer (MIR), an airborne-based dual-band (L1/E1 and L5/E5a), multiconstellation (GPS and Galileo) GNSS-R instrument with two 19-element antenna arrays with four electronically steered beams each. The instrument was flown twice over the OzNet soil m
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25

Chandana, Viswanadham, and Mallikarjuna Rao Prudhvi. "STUDIES ON PERFORMANCE OF BACK FED 2-6 GHZ LINEAR ARRAYS OF H-PLANE SECTORAL HORNS." International Journal of Applied and Advanced Scientific Research 2, no. 2 (2017): 229–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1050431.

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The popular electronic systems like Satellite transponders, Radars, jammers, trackers, communication systems, etc., were designed with phased array antennas in their transmitter and or receiver sections, to provide electronically steered beams through passive and active beam steering techniques. In this paper, the performance of eight elements linear array of sectoral horns, is studied, simulated and results are presented. The design of the array with eight sectoral horn elements is carried out with changes in the parameters and configurations to obtain the improvements in the specifications.
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26

Anderson, Betty Lise, James G. Ho, William D. Cowan, et al. "Hardware Demonstration of Extremely Compact Optical True Time Delay Device for Wideband Electronically Steered Antennas." Journal of Lightwave Technology 29, no. 9 (2011): 1343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2011.2124444.

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27

Oppermann, Martin, Felix Thurow, and Ralf Rieger. "RF Sensor Modules – Needs for Multifunctional Architectures." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2016, CICMT (2016): 000207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2016cicmt-tha25.

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Abstract Next generation of RF sensor modules, mainly for airborne applications, will cover a variety of multifunction in terms of different operating modes, e.g. Radar, EW and Communications / Datalinks. The operating frequencies will cover a bandwidth of > 10 GHz and for realisation of modern Active Electronically Steered Antennas (AESA) the Transmit/Receive (T/R) modules have to match with challenging geometry demands, and RF requirements, like switching and filtering between different operational frequencies in transmit and receive mode. New GaN technology based MMICs, e.g. LNA, HPA
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28

Boyarsky, Michael, Timothy Sleasman, Mohammadreza F. Imani, Jonah N. Gollub, and David R. Smith. "Electronically steered metasurface antenna." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83377-9.

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AbstractMobile devices, climate science, and autonomous vehicles all require advanced microwave antennas for imaging, radar, and wireless communications. We propose a waveguide-fed metasurface antenna architecture that enables electronic beamsteering from a lightweight circuit board with varactor-tuned elements. Our approach uses a unique feed structure and layout that enables spatial sampling at the Nyquist limit of half a wavelength. We detail the design of this Nyquist metasurface antenna and experimentally demonstrate electronic beamsteering in two directions. Nyquist metasurface antennas
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29

Ka’bi, Amin H. Al. "Effect of Polarization on the Performance of Adaptive Antenna Arrays." Journal of Communications, 2020, 661–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12720/jcm.15.9.661-668.

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The polarized electromagnetic waves impinging on adaptive antenna arrays have significant impact on their performance. In this paper we investigate the effect of polarized desired and undesired signals on the performance of electronically steered beam adaptive antenna arrays in terms of their output SINR’s (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratios). To achieve this goal, we compare the performances of adaptive antenna arrays composed of single dipole antenna elements with those composed of cross-dipole antenna elements to illustrate the effect of polarized signals on their performance. Based o
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30

Gupta, Monish. "Electronically Steered MIMO Patch Antenna with Conformal Feeding for 5G Applications." Wireless Personal Communications, January 21, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-09444-6.

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31

Carlson, C. M., T. V. Rivkin, P. A. Parilla, et al. "30 GHz Electronically Steerable Antennas Using BaxSr1−xTiO3-Based Room-Temperature Phase Shifters." MRS Proceedings 603 (1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-603-15.

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AbstractWe report the performance of 16-element phased array antennas operating at 30 GHz and ambient temperature. These antennas use BaxSr1−xTiO3(BST)-based phase shifters to produce the beam steering. Ferroelectric phase shifters offer advantages over current semiconductor and ferrite devices including faster switching speeds and lower costs. Also, ferroelectric phase shifters offer higher power handling capability than semiconductor devices and also have high radiation resistance. We made phase shifters from laser-ablated epitaxial BST films as well as from polycrystalline BST-oxide composi
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32

Annapurna Sogunuru, P. Vikram, and Suma Varughese. "A Novel Approach Towards Rain Test on an Airborne Aesa." Journal of Aerospace Sciences and Technologies, July 28, 2023, 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.61653/joast.v73i1.2021.89.

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Centre for Airborne Systems (CABS) has designed, developed and successfully qualified Active Array Antenna Unit (AAAU) - a state-of-art technology system for airborne applications and mounted on Indigenous Airborne Early Warning and Control (AEW & C) aircraft. AAAU houses Active Electronically Steered Antenna (AESA) of Primary and Secondary Radar and front end electronics of the radar. These electronics positioned inside AAAU use ram air cooling. To comply with the all-weather conditions, an important test is the Rain test in which the radar effectiveness is verified. This paper presents a
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33

Schurwanz, Max, Jan Mietzner, and Peter Adam Hoeher. "Improving estimation performance of compressive sensing‐based multiple‐input multiple‐output radar using electronic beamsteering." IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, January 11, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/rsn2.12535.

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AbstractTwo‐dimensional direction‐of‐arrival (DoA) estimation in azimuth and elevation via radar systems equipped with uniform rectangular arrays (URAs) will play an important role in various application areas—most distinctively in future urban air mobility settings with unmanned aerial vehicles. A key factor is the fast and reliable provision of target detections in terms of range and DoA for safe autonomous operation of the vehicle using on‐board antenna arrays with compact installation size. The authors present a technique for improving the performance of DoA estimation using compressive se
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Trott, Cathryn M. "Comparison of Observing Modes for Statistical Estimation of the 21 cm Signal from the Epoch of Reionisation." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 31 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2014.23.

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AbstractNoise considerations for experiments that aim to statistically estimate the 21 cm signal from high redshift neutral hydrogen during the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR) using interferometric data are typically computed assuming a tracked observation, where the telescope pointing centre and instrument phase centre are the same over the observation. Current low frequency interferometers use aperture arrays of fixed dipoles, which are steered electronically on the sky, and have different properties to mechanically-steered single apertures, such as reduced sensitivity away from zenith, and disc
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35

Stefano Salvi, Cristiano Tolomei, John Peter Merryman Boncori, et al. "Activation of the SIGRIS monitoring system for ground deformation mapping during the Emilia 2012 seismic sequence, using COSMO-SkyMed InSAR data." Annals of Geophysics 55, no. 4 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-6181.

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<p>On May 20, 2012, at 02:03 UTC, a moderate earthquake of local magnitude, Ml 5.9 started a seismic sequence in the central Po Plain of northern Italy The mainshock occurred in an area where seismicity of comparable magnitude has neither been recorded nor reported in the historical record over the last 1,000 years. The aftershock sequence evolved rapidly near the epicenter, with diminishing magnitudes until May 29, 2012, when at 07:00 UTC a large earthquake of Ml 5.8 occurred 12 km WSW of the mainshock, starting a new seismic sequence in the western area; a total of seven earthquakes wi
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