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1
Cox, S. W. R. "Electronics in UK agriculture and horticulture." IEE Proceedings A Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews 134, no. 6 (1987): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0072.
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Studman, C. J. "Computers and electronics in postharvest technology — a review." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 30, no. 1-3 (February 2001): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1699(00)00160-5.
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Gomez, R. E. "A Horticulturist's Perspective of Agricultural Databases for Decision Support." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 552E—553. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.552e.
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Agricultural databases have existed in one form or another from time immemorial. However, their usefulness to horticulturists has not been the greatest. Many databases exist today that one can use to research developments in agriculture. However, none exists that allow a horticulturist to rapidly focus on a subject with the assurance that the information is accurate. Accuracy of information, especially that which can readily be used by Extension horticulture specialists and agents, is not guaranteed. The Cooperative Extension System (CES) through several state specialist and the National Program Leader at USDA developed a list of current and available Extension literature on three distinct subjects during the early 1980s. These lists were compiled by the Specialists and were placed in an electronic format (bulletin board) available through the nascent CES electronic network. This effort was abandoned 3 years after inception due to lack of use by CES staff. One of the reasons for not using these lists so as not to reinvent the wheel was that electronic communication at that time was very expensive. Other reasons were that it was cumbersome and did not include text. There was no quality assurance of any kind. In the case of this primitive database in horticulture, personal contacts were much more useful and convenient. Indeed there are many databases that have horticultural subjects included and many more are being created. These are only marginally useful to us in horticulture. There is a shining nova in our horizon today. HortBase offers the best chance we in horticulture, and especially in Extension horticulture programs, have of being able to use data (written and hopefully in other media) that meet our specific requirements. HortBase will be a peer-reviewed accumulation of our experiences and experiments whether in the classroom or in the field. It has a great potential to become one of our best tools for program development and delivery. We in horticulture, whether at the society, national, state, region, or county level, must help in the development and maintenance of this rising star so that it truly reaches its full potential.
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Mudge, Kenneth W., and Kelly Hennigan. "523 A Survey of Distance Learning Needs and Preferences in the Landscape/Nursery Industry." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 485C—485. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.485c.
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The role of cooperative extension in providing information to amateur and professional horticulturists is being profoundly altered by the availability of vast amounts of horticultural resources on the World Wide Web and other electronic media. Advances in computer-related instructional technologies including the Internet, have coincided with, and to some extent triggered, a burgeoning demand for non-traditional continuing education in practically all fields of knowledge, including landscape horticulture. Although there are numerous Web sites offering a wide range of gardening and related information, there are relatively few opportunities for structured learning in the form of on-line distance learning courses or instructional modules. In Fall 1999, we conducted a survey of the membership of the New York State Nursery/Landscape Association to determine priority-training needs that might be met by computer-mediated distance learning. One-hundred-seven companies, representing horticulture-based businesses throughout New York State, completed the surveys. Results from the survey indicated that 83% of those responding were interested in taking one or more computer-based distance learning course(s), that 67% were willing to provide financial support for continuing education of their employees, and that 95% have access to a personal computer. We have also collected data indicating subject matter preferences, interest in full-course and short-course offerings, levels of computer and Internet experience, and more. It is apparent from the findings in this study that the cooperative extension has a great opportunity to use the World Wide Web as a component of its role as an information provider. This research will contribute to designing effective approaches for teaching hands-on horticultural skills at a distance, thereby expanding the cooperative extension's ability to reach its intended audiences.
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Schueller, J. K. "Computer and electronic research trends for horticulture." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1279 (June 2020): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2020.1279.28.
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Gilewski, Marian. "The state of art in the horticulture lighting." Photonics Letters of Poland 12, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v12i4.1068.
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The article presents an overview of currently used greenhouse lighting systems. It does not apply to traditional sodium lighting systems, but only to the most modern LEDs. The publication presents descriptions of lamp designs, both foreign and Polish. The aim of the work is not only to review solutions, but also to identify the reasons for the low transfer of scientific and technical solutions to business. There are several barriers to overcome, mainly subjective ones, so that new solutions can be implemented and developed. Full Text: PDF ReferencesS. Ki-Ho, J. Yu-Min, O. Myung-Min, "Application of supplementary white and pulsed light-emitting diodes to lettuce grown in a plant factory with artificial lighting", Springer 57(6), 561 (2016). CrossRef M. Gilewski, "The role of light in the plants world", Phot. Lett. Poland 11, 4 (2019). CrossRef K.J. McCree, Agricultural Meteorology (Elsevier Publishing Company 1972). CrossRef G. Trouwborst, J. Oosterkamp, S. Hogewoning, V. Ieperen, "The application of LEDs as assimilation light source in greenhouse horticulture: A simulation study", the 6th Int. Symposium on Light in Horticulture. Tsukuba. Japan, Nov. 2009. CrossRef K. Jaworski, A. Szmidt-Jaworska, J. Kopcewicz, " Two calcium dependent protein kinases are differently regulated by light and have different activity patterns during seedling growth in Pharbitis nil", Springerlink.com, Journal: 10725, Article: 9609, 2011. CrossRef Philips Lighting, Horticultural LED lighting applications, 2020: https://www.lighting.philips.com/main/products/horticulture. DirectLink E. de Beer, P.H. van Baar, 3 reasons why intercanopy lighting is effective for high-wire vegetables, 2020: www.lighting.philips.com. DirectLink HLG, Refurbished HLG 550, 2020, https://horticulture-lightinggroup.com/collections/lamps/products/refurbished-hlg-550-v1 DirectLink Neonica Polska, 2020, www.growy.eu CrossRef I. Fryc, T. Dimitrova-Grekow, "An automated system for evaluation of the quality of light sources", 6th IEEE Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries : LUMEN V4, Sept. 2016. CrossRef EconoLux Ind. Ltd., "What Light do Plants Need", Hong Kong, 2016, http://econoluxindustries.com/light-plants-need.html. DirectLink Heliospectra AB, heliospectra DYNA, 2020, https://www.heliospectra.com/led-grow-lights/dyna. DirectLink Plantlux, Horticulture LED SMD lamp Plantalux XX640W, 2020, https://plantalux.pl/en/plantalux-xx640w-en/. DirectLink M. Gilewski, "An Adaptive and Monoculture Oriented LEDs Lamp", 978-1-5386-7924-1/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE, 2018. CrossRef
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Relf, Diane, Sheri Dorn, Laurie DeMarco, Kate Dobbs, and Marcy Schnitzer. "Developing a Cyberserve Course." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 432A—432. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.432a.
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Through a CyberServe Grant, a WWW Home Page and student/community listserve were established as core communication tools for a special study taught Spring 1997, Hort 4984, Horticulture and the Community: Professional Growth through Volunteering. It incorporated the Blacksburg Electronic Village to easily put student volunteers and the community programs they worked with in direct contact with each other, allowing an exchange of ideas that made them equal partners in their endeavors. It provided direct access to valuable information to understand the principles and philosophy behind programming efforts for both students and community sites where they volunteered. It also was a recruiting tool to involve other students and the Horticulture Club in service-learning projects because students in the class could post “help” notices to entice classmates to participate in defined projects. It provided students with knowledge and experience in the role of the Internet in enhancing the quality of life in their communities. Information installed on the site included reading materials on Horticultural Therapy, children's gardening, community gardening, science education through gardening, and volunteering in these areas; community site descriptions and slides, program activities, goals of program participants, and materials from the program (i.e., selected first-grade drawings of their garden); students participating in the class and information about them; goals, objectives, and management information on the course; and links to relevant information from around the world to put the activities of the students in an international framework.
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Khort, Dmitriy, Alexey Kutyrev, Rostislav Filippov, and Stepan Semichev. "Development control system robotic platform for horticulture." E3S Web of Conferences 262 (2021): 01024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126201024.
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The article presents a control system for a robotic platform for horticulture. The electronic control system consists of a running engine control unit, a stepper motor steering unit, an electronic differential control unit, a power plant automatic on / off control unit, and battery charging balancing. The developed control system of the robotic vehicle contains a central computer that collects information from sensors and sensors, processes it and transmits control signals to the drives of the machine movement. The movement of the robotic platform is carried out both by a radio signal with a remote control, and in offline mode on a pre-set map of the area according to data from the GLONASS/GPS differential receiver of the satellite navigation system. It is also possible to independently control the movement of a robotic platform using a vision system. The autonomy of the robotic platform provides 10 hours of continuous operation in low-light conditions in various weather conditions.
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Hemming, Silke, Feije de Zwart, Anne Elings, Isabella Righini, and Anna Petropoulou. "Remote Control of Greenhouse Vegetable Production with Artificial Intelligence—Greenhouse Climate, Irrigation, and Crop Production." Sensors 19, no. 8 (April 16, 2019): 1807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19081807.
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The global population is increasing rapidly, together with the demand for healthy fresh food. The greenhouse industry can play an important role, but encounters difficulties finding skilled staff to manage crop production. Artificial intelligence (AI) has reached breakthroughs in several areas, however, not yet in horticulture. An international competition on “autonomous greenhouses” aimed to combine horticultural expertise with AI to make breakthroughs in fresh food production with fewer resources. Five international teams, consisting of scientists, professionals, and students with different backgrounds in horticulture and AI, participated in a greenhouse growing experiment. Each team had a 96 m2 modern greenhouse compartment to grow a cucumber crop remotely during a 4-month-period. Each compartment was equipped with standard actuators (heating, ventilation, screening, lighting, fogging, CO2 supply, water and nutrient supply). Control setpoints were remotely determined by teams using their own AI algorithms. Actuators were operated by a process computer. Different sensors continuously collected measurements. Setpoints and measurements were exchanged via a digital interface. Achievements in AI-controlled compartments were compared with a manually operated reference. Detailed results on cucumber yield, resource use, and net profit obtained by teams are explained in this paper. We can conclude that in general AI performed well in controlling a greenhouse. One team outperformed the manually-grown reference.
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Sinnott, Larkin, and Paula Diane Relf. "Analysis of Residential Horticultural Questions Answered by Master Gardeners." HortScience 33, no. 3 (June 1998): 502d—502. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.502d.
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An analysis of commonly asked horticultural questions is being conducted by the Office of Environmental Horticulture at Virginia Tech in order to improve the question and answer process between Master Gardeners and the public. Records of questions received by Master Gardeners from a sampling of Extension offices representing all growing areas of the state are being sorted and categorized to identify the most frequently asked questions and develop a electronic resource to assist in answering those questions quickly and with consistent IPM based information. More than 4000 questions have been analyzed and organized in to the following categories: Plant Questions (specific type or species of plant), General Gardening Questions (composting and fertilizing, herbicides and pesticides, soil testing etc.), Program Questions (Extension programs, Master Gardener program), and Animal and Insect Questions. The plants questions have been further divided into the sub-categories. The animal and insect questions have been sorted by species type with the percentage asked of each calculated. This information is posted on a web site and is linked to additional resources for answers. The address is www.hort.vt.edu/mastergardener/Q&A.html. The site contains useful information, links, and opportunities for feedback via e-mail.
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Buckley, D. J., W. E. Fagan, and C. L. Ricketson. "An electronic system for measuring and recording the dimensions of horticultural produce." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 72, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps92-037.
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The design and operation of an electronic measuring system for simultaneous measurement of vertical and horizontal dimensions of horticultural produce are described. The system consists of two electronic scale units, mounted on a rigid support frame, which are connected to a portable computer via a multiplexer. A hand-held electronic calliper is also connected to the multiplexer to add versatility to the system for measuring small or untrimmed produce. System components are readily available and relatively inexpensive. The system is accurate, reliable and reduces total measuring and data entry time to about 40% of that required using manual methods.Key words: Electronic measuring system, horticultural produce
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Meijs, Chris. "Towards Electronic Markets in the Millennium of the Horticulture Product Chain." Electronic Markets 5, no. 1 (January 1995): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10196789500000020.
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Perry, Katharine B., Rodger R. Getz, and H. Ray Kimsey. "Evolution of Electronic Communications to Transfer Agricultural Weather Information." HortTechnology 3, no. 3 (July 1993): 348–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.3.3.348.
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Access to weather information for planning and implementing horticultural practices is an important component of the production system for growers. Advances in meteorological instrumentation, data acquisition and storage, and communications technologies have improved greatly the potential for applying sophisticated weather information into daily on-farm decisionmaking. The North Carolina Agricultural Weather Program seeks to provide weather information to the horticultural interests of the state. It has developed over the past 13 years. Recently, budget reductions near 50% and the loss of two-thirds of the extension full-time equivalents have necessitated significant changes. Through regional cooperation and the use of electronic communications technology, the program has sustained these negative impacts and emerged as an improved program. This paper describes the evolution of a state agricultural weather program into what is now a regional cooperative project to provide the weather information horticultural producers require.
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Perry, Leonard P., and Lois Berg Stack. "PROFILE OF TOMORROW'S STUDENTS: A MARKET STUDY." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 672d—672. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.672d.
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Our future horticulture students are growing up in an electronic world, and are gaining knowledge increasingly from computers, videotapes and television, and decreasingly from books and other written media. We need to understand their interests and motivations in order to determine how to market our educational programs to them. This study profiles our future students on several career-oriented factors, including their plans after high school, their academic interests, their impressions of and experiences in agriculture and horticulture, and the sources of information they look to when seeking assistance in choosing a career track. Results compare male vs. female students, urban vs. rural students, regional differences, and differences between fifth and tenth graders (critical ages in career decision-making).
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Chesmore, E. D. "ADVANCES IN ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY FOR SENSING AND MONITORING IN AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE." Acta Horticulturae, no. 562 (November 2001): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2001.562.15.
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Marr, Charles. "210 CUSTOM-PRINTED ELECTRONIC FACT SHEETS AT HORTICULTURAL EVENTS." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 459d—459. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.459d.
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A series of 62 fact sheets on a variety of topics related to vegetable gardening were constructed in WordPerfect and, using a series of macros and styles, were modified to a standard format and printed to a file for storage. Sheets were organized into a heirarchal menu so they could be copied to the printer upon request using only DOS commands. A portable laptop computer and a Hewlett Packard Portable DeskJet printer was used to print files at such remote locations as nurseries/garden centers, shopping malls, fairs, and public events where Master Gardener volunteers set up and operated the equipment. Single sheets could be printed in about 20 seconds. At garden shows with larger attendance, a HP Laser 4 printer and a standard computer were used to print fact sheets at about 5 seconds each. Fact sheets consisted of text and tables but no graphics were included. Most sheets were single pages although several were 2 pages in length. Additional information was available from a comprehensive for-sale publication sold or available for ordering on-site. Costs of custom printed fact sheets compared to standard printing will be discussed.
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Murray, L. "Handle with care [robots in horticulture]." Engineering & Technology 16, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2021.0203.
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Durham, Richard E., and Winston C. Dunwell. "GARDENDATA.ORG, AN INTERACTIVE FAQ DATABASE FOR CONSUMER HORTICULTURE." HortScience 41, no. 3 (June 2006): 498E—499. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.3.498e.
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GardenData.org developed from a need, identified by a survey of Kentucky county Extension agents, for a database resource to assist in answering frequently asked questions (FAQs) from home gardeners and consumers. A team, consisting of representatives from both the University of Kentucky and Kentucky State University and made up of an administrator, horticul-ture specialists, county Extension agents, and agricultural communication specialists, worked together to create GardenData.org. Development of the database of FAQs in consumer or home horticulture began in 2004 and all content is peer reviewed by Kentucky Extension specialists before making answers publicly available. An interactive prototype program was launched for use by county Extension agents in February 2005. Following a positive response Gardendata.org was made publicly available in Summer 2005. Clients are asked their electronic mail address and Kentucky county in order to enter the web site and to become a repeat user of GardenData.org. Once they have conducted a search of available FAQs, clients may submit a question to GardenData.org to be answered by Kentucky Extension personnel. From recent data (December 2005 and January 2006) the self-service rate for the site is greater than 95%, indicating that most visitors are content to search existing FAQs rather than ask a new question. As new questions are submitted, they are answered by Extension personnel, reviewed and added to the growing database of FAQs.
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Foord, Karl E., David C. Zlesak, Tom G. Bartholomay, and Mary H. Meyer. "Effectiveness and Audience Analysis of University of Minnesota Extension's Electronic Yard and Garden Newsletter." HortTechnology 21, no. 2 (April 2011): 252–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.21.2.252.
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An online survey of readers of the University of Minnesota Extension's electronic Yard & Garden Newsletter (Y&G News) revealed significant differences between respondents on the basis of current employment and Master Gardener affiliation. Fifty-three percent of the respondents were general public (GP); 31% were Master Gardener trained (MGT), followed by full-time horticultural employees (FTE) and part-time horticultural employees (PTE) , each of whom made up to 8% of the 500 readers who responded to the survey. Overall, respondents indicated a high level of satisfaction with the newsletter (4.8 out of 5.0), and 81% indicated that the newsletter had provided them with “specific information that they found extremely valuable” in the past 2 years. PTE and MGT respondents rated the newsletter as significantly more useful than did the GP. FTE placed greatest value on timely information related to pest control. GP subscribers indicated that annuals and perennials were the horticultural topics they were most interested in for future issues. All subscribers highly value the newsletter for its usefulness and timeliness and indicated that the newsletter improved their ability to make horticultural decisions. Ninety-nine percent would recommend the newsletter to a friend. The mission of the Y&G News and content changes based on survey responses and available resources are discussed.
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Marr, Charles W., and Ward Upham. "Using a Digital Camera to Assist in Problem Identification by County Extension Field Staff using Electronic Mail." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 541B—541. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.541b.
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A Casio QV-10 digital camera was used to photograph images. A portable of desktop computer was used to convert the images to a digital image file and attached them to an electronic mail message sent from field extension staff to campus-based horticulture specialists. Images were examples of insect, disease, or cultural problems for diagnosis, plant identification questions, or an overview of a lawn or landscape. Electronic transmission allows immediate identification for a low cost, enables the specialist to see what is being described, and results in images that can be stored for news releases, newsletters, or problem warnings. Limitations exist for resolution and size of objects photographed and these will be described and demonstrated along with other problems and limitations encountered. Cameras are presently available in all five area extension centers and in several individual county extension offices. Two cameras are available for testing and demonstration purposes by individual agents. Transmission from a cellular phone from a remote location is possible, but has not been tested as of this writing. A campus-based “horticulture response center” was established to provide immediate responses to questions from field staff.
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Janick, Jules, James E. Simon, Anna Whipkey, and Ben Alkire. "The NewCROP Electronic Network." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 540C—540. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.540c.
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NewCROP (New Crops Resource On-line Program) is an Internet resource (http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop) developed by the Indiana Center for New Crops and Plant Products to deliver instant topical information on the subject of fiber, energy, and specialty crops. NewCROP includes CropSEARCH (an index to food and feed crops of the world, including taxonomic information, uses, and economic importance), FactSHEETS (in-depth articles on selected crops), NewCROP Import–Export (importation permits, phytosanitation certificates, quarantine and inspection information), Organizations (listings of crop organizations, societies, and interest groups), FamineFOODS (includes about 1250 species that are consumed in times of food scarcity), and FarmMARKET (listing locations of United States farmers' markets). The web site also includes new crop bibliographies, directories of new crop researchers, announcements of pertinent up-coming symposia and crop conventions, the New Crop Center newsletters, and activities of the Indiana Center for New Crops. A search engine is provided for quick information retrieval from the system. An electronic bulletin board, NewCROP LISTSERV is maintained for posting queries and messages to subscribers. We are planning to incorporate material from three books (>1930 pages and 6000 index entries) derived from New Crops symposia and published as Advances in New Crops (1990), New Crops (1993), and Progress in New Crops (1996). The NewCROP digital information program is interlinked with FAO's EcoCROP system and the Australian New Crops Programme, as part of a developing world-wide crop information network.
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Zhu, Danshi, Xiaojun Ren, Liwei Wei, Xuehui Cao, Yonghong Ge, He Liu, and Jianrong Li. "Collaborative analysis on difference of apple fruits flavour using electronic nose and electronic tongue." Scientia Horticulturae 260 (January 2020): 108879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108879.
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St. Hilaire, Rolston. "166 An Internet Course Tool for Teaching Landscape Horticulture Courses." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 470F—471. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.470f.
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A World Wide Web course tool (WebCT) developed by the Univ. of British Columbia was used as an aid in teaching landscape plant identification and landscape construction at New Mexico State Univ. WebCT is a set of educational tools that are easily incorporated into the teaching of classes. Course assignments, slides of plant materials, and course grades were posted on the Web. A chat tool provided real-time communication among students and the electronic mail facility allowed personal communication with a student or communication to all course participants. Access to WebCT is controlled by username and password, so course material is restricted to course participants. Student progress through materials posted on the Web site can be monitored because WebCT maintains records about student access to web pages. Course statistics, such as the total number of hits per page, time spent on each Web page, and the date and time when student first accessed or last accessed the Web site, are kept by WebCT. Students were able to review highly visual material such as slides of landscape plants at their own pace. Also, students had quick access to their grades.
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Hetzroni, Amots, Denys J. Charles, Jules Janick, and James E. Simon. "Electronic Sensing of Apple Ripeness Based on Volatile Gas Emissions." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 816D—816. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.816d.
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A prototype of a nondestructive electronic sensory system (electronic sniffer) that responds to volatile gases emitted by fruit during ripening was developed. The electronic sniffer is based upon four semiconductor gas sensors designed to react with a range of reductive gases, including aromatic volatiles. In 1994, we examined the potential of using the electronic sniffer as a tool to nondestructively determine ripeness in `Golden Delicious' and `Goldrush' apples. Fruit were harvested weekly from 19 Sept. to 17 Oct. (`Golden Delicious') and 27 Sept. to 18 Nov. (`Goldrush'). Each week, apples of each cultivar were evaluated individually for skin color, weight size, and headspace volatiles. Each fruit was then evaluated by the electronic sniffer, and headspace ethylene was sampled from air within the testing box. Individual fruits were then evaluated for total soluble solids, firmness, pH, total acidity, and starch index value. The electronic sniffer was able to distinguish and accurately classify the apples into three ripeness stages (immature, ripe, and over-ripe). Improved results were obtained when multiple gas sensors were used rather than a single gas sensor.
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Williams, L. "A light salad [LED lighting applications in horticulture]." Engineering & Technology 13, no. 9 (October 1, 2018): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2018.0905.
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Davis, G. L., Edward F. Gilman, and Howard W. Beck. "An Electronically Based Horticultural Information Retrieval System." HortTechnology 6, no. 4 (October 1996): 332–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.6.4.322.
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A large horticultural database and an electronic retrieval system for extension education programs were developed using compact disk-read only memory (CD-ROM) and World Wide Web (WWW) as the medium for information delivery. Object-oriented database techniques were used to organize the information. Conventional retrieval techniques including hypertext, full text searching, and expert systems were integrated into a complete package for accessing information stored in the database. A multimedia user interface was developed to provide a variety of capabilities including computer graphics and high resolution digitized images. Information for the CD-ROM was gathered from extension publications that were tagged using the standard generalized markup language (SGML)-based document markup language (International Standards Organization, 1986). Combining funds from the state legislator with grants from the USDA and other institutions, the CD-ROM system has been implemented in all 67 county extension offices in Florida and is available to the public as a for-sale CD-ROM. Public access is also available to most of the database through the WWW.
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Gilman, Edward F., and James L. Green. "Efficient, Collaborative, Inquiry-driven Electronic Information Systems." HortTechnology 8, no. 3 (July 1998): 297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.8.3.297.
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Electronic information systems provide efficient information management—development, updating, storage, retrieval, and delivery. No more stockpiling of printed, going-out-of-date information when specific, concise, up-to-date information can be obtained just in time from the Internet. Authoring for electronic media is different than authoring for the printed page. To use unique characteristics of electronic information systems, information is presented in chunks, small units of information that can combine text, video, or sound to present one concept or to answer one question. A chunk may be linked to other chunks to provide definitions and further elaboration of terms or ideas. A chunk may be linked to related chunks to provide comprehensive information inquiry-driven by and tailored to the inquirer's interests and understanding. A chunk may be linked to other chunks to provide definitions and further elaboration of terms or ideas. Collaboration is facilitated by the World Wide Web (Web). Shared development reduces redundant efforts and costs and results in better products than can be produced by autonomous efforts. Continual, shared development and updating keep the individual chunks and the linked chunks (URLs) up-to-date and dynamic. Educators can thread (link) selected web modules or chunks (URLs) together into dynamic study assignments or dynamic textbooks for courses of study. To obtain the best of both media, CD-ROM software can be designed to interact with a Web site. The ways that CD-ROM and online are interacting are varied and evolving. Graphics-rich databases such as color photographs of plants or pests and related text that do not require continual updating are well suited to CD-ROM. Web links from the CD-ROM to additional, dynamic information and updates at the Web site keep the CD-ROM live and current. ASHS members are uniquely qualified to generate continually updated, peer-reviewed horticultural information on the web for continuous access by the interested learner whose pathway on the web will be inquiry-driven.
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McConnell, James. "(319) Addtional Features Possible with Electronic Publications." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1044F—1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1044f.
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An electronic document does not have to be limited to text and static images. Electronic publications greatly expand the potential of types of images that can be included compared to print media. With increased ease of accessing the internet and increased bandwidth availability, individuals have less limitations for downloading the enhanced documents. These documents include much more than color images. Options such as hypertext links, interactive graphics, movies, presentations, and audio are discussed.
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Green, J. L., D. Hannaway, J. Matylonek, A. Duncan, E. Liss, and K. J. Starr. "HortBase: A Global Information System for Decision Support." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 552B—552. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.552b.
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HortBase, a global electronic information system to support horticultural decisions in classroom, distance education, life-long learning, and Extension, incorporates three innovative concepts: 1) Three-dimensional-team creation of individual electronic information files (subject, communications, and information science authors collaborating from start-to-fi nish to create the file). Team-creation respects, utilizes and develops professional strengths and resources of each team member. 2) Nation-wide, or even world-wide, distribution of the workload and costs of creation, review, revision, and distribution of the individual electronic information files, rather than redundant individual efforts and expenditures, enables us to do more as a group and to specialize individually. And, 3) National peer review by each file creators' professional society (ASHS, ACE, and ASIS respectively) enhances information quality, continued professional development of the authors, and wider acceptance and use of the information. Capabilities of electronic information systems facilitate, indeed require, this new approach to information development and delivery. For additional information, http://forages.css.orst.edu/HortBase/.
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Green, J. L. "HortBase, a Global Electronic Information System for Decision Support." HortScience 32, no. 6 (October 1997): 982a—982. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.6.982a.
Full textAbstract:
HortBase, a global electronic information system to support horticultural decisions in classroom, distance education, lifelong learning, and Extension, incorporates three innovative concepts: 1) Three-dimensional team creation of individual electronic information files (subject, communications, and information science authors collaborating from start to finish to create the file). Team-creation respects, utilizes, and develops professional strengths and resources of each team member. 2) Nationwide, or even worldwide, distribution of the workload and costs of creation, review, revision, and distribution of the individual electronic information files rather than redundant individual efforts and expenditures, enables us to do more as a group and to specialize individually. 3) National peer review by each file creator's professional society (ASHS, ACE, and ASIS respectively) enhances information quality, continued professional development of the authors, and wider acceptance and use of the information. Capabilities of electronic information systems facilitate, indeed require, this new approach to information development and delivery. For additional information, http://forages.css.orst.edu/HortBase/.
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Green, J. L., J. Matylonek, A. Duncan, and E. Liss. "HORTBASE: AN EXAMPLE OF PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES' ROLES IN ELECTRONIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS." HortScience 31, no. 5 (September 1996): 742d—742. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.5.742d.
Full textAbstract:
HortBase, a global electronic information system for classroom, distance education, lifelong learning and Extension, incorporates three innovative concepts: 1) Three-dimensional team-creation of the electronic information files (subject, communications, and information science authors working together from start to finish to create the file). Team-creation respects, uses, and develops the professional strengths of each of the three team members. 2) National peer review by each file creator's professional society (ASHS, ACE, and ASIS, respectively) not only enhances information quality and continued professional development of the authors, but also creates wider acceptance and use of the information. 3) Nationwide, or even worldwide, distribution of the workload and costs of creation, review, revision, and distribution of the electronic information, rather than individual efforts-expenditures within each state, will minimize redundancy and will enable us to do more as a group and to specialize individually. Capabilities of electronic information systems facilitate, indeed require, this new approach to information development and delivery.
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Hetzroni, Amots, Denys J. Charles, and James E. Simon. "Electronic Sensing of Melon Ripeness Based on Volatile Gas Emissions." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 766B—766. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.766b.
Full textAbstract:
A nondestructive electronic sensory system (electronic sniffer) that responds to volatile gases emitted by fruit during ripening was developed. It is based upon a single semi-conductor gas sensor placed within a rigid plastic cup equipped with a gas inlet to flush the head between samples. This gas sensor reacts with the range of reductive gases such as the aromatic volatiles that are naturally emitted by the ripening melon fruit. The sensor cup is placed on the exterior of the fruit and the change in electrical conductivity is recorded. In 1994, we examined the electronic sniffer as a tool to nondestructively determine ripeness in `Superstar', `Mission', and `Makdimon' melons. Fruits were manually classified into five ripeness stages based on external appearance and slip stage. Melons were first sampled nondestructively for color, weight, size, and slip stage, and then subjected to the electronic sniffer. Then, fruit volatiles, flesh firmness, and total soluble solids were measured. The electronic sniffer was able to accurately classify melons into three ripeness classes: unripe, half-ripe, and ripe for `Superstar' and `Mission'. The sniffer was only able to separate ripe from over-ripe in `Makdimon', which is known to become over-ripe and deteriorate rapidly. Using the sniffer as a tool to nondestructively measure ripeness and its potential application in fruit quality will be discussed.
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Charles, Denys J., Amots Hetzroni, and James E. Simon. "Electronic Sensing of Volatiles from Tomato Juice as a New Technology for Quality Control and Detection." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 811B—811. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.811b.
Full textAbstract:
Recent developments in electronic odor-sensing technology has opened the opportunity for non-destructive, rapid, and objective assessment of food quality. We have developed an electronic sensor (electronic sniffer) that measures aromatic volatiles that are naturally emitted by fruits and fruit products. The ability of our sniffer to detect contamination in fruit juice was tested using tomato juice as a model system. Tomato juice was extracted from cultivar Rutgers and divided into eight glass jars of 300 g juice each. The jars were divided into two treatments: the control jars contained tomato juice mixed with 0.15% sorbic acid to suppress microbial growth, and the experimental jars contained only tomato juice. All the jars were placed open, on a counter top in the laboratory for 8 days. The juice was tested daily with the electronic sniffer and for pH. The total volatiles in the headspace of the juice was extracted on alternating days via dynamic headspace method using charcoal traps, analyzed by gas chromatography, and confirmed by GC/mass spectometry. The results indicate that the sniffer is able to detect differences between the two treatments 4 days after the tomato juice was exposed to ambient atmosphere. The electronic sniffer output for the control juice showed a monotonous decline, while the output for the experimental juice exhibited a sharp incline after day four. This sensor output correlated well with the total volatiles.
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Huang, Yan, Fang Li, Yiping Xia, and Kunsong Chen. "Scent profiling of Cymbidium ensifolium by electronic nose." Scientia Horticulturae 128, no. 3 (April 2011): 306–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.01.006.
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Ng, Timothy J. "1051 THE FUTURE INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY: HOW WIDE, HOW FAST, HOW ACCESSIBLE?" HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 579b—579. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.579b.
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The National Information Infrastructure (NII) initiative, more commonly known as the “information superhighway,” is intended to provide high-speed electronic access to a variety of voice, data, video, and other information services by the year 2000. Initial access to the superhighway will be prioritized for classrooms, libraries, hospitals and clinics. Eventually NII will provide for widespread and open availability of telecommunication and information services to everyone. Access to NII will be provided via electronic networks, telephone companies and cable operators. Many of the features proposed by NII are currently available in a developmental stage to horticulturists. The accessibility and future evolution of these services--which include those available via Internet (e.g., electronic messaging, data and information services, document delivery) and via telephone and cable companies (e.g. video/audio “on demand,” real-time polydirectional compressed video) --will be discussed.
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Phippen, W. B., N. Ozer, A. Hetzroni, J. E. Simon, B. Bordelon, D. J. Charles, P. Angers, G. E. Miles, L. M. Malischke, and D. Trinka. "Electronic Determination of Blueberry Fruit Quality Using Aroma Sensing Technology." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 590d—590. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.590d.
Full textAbstract:
An electronic sniffer that nondestructively detects aromatic volatiles was used to grade commercially packaged blueberries. A total of 1,358 containers of commercial blueberries entering MBG grading facilities were first “sniffed” using the electronic sniffer, graded by USDA or MGB inspectors, and then subjected to discrimination analyses. The electronic sniffer separated the fresh top grade (grade 1) of fruit from the rest of the grades of blueberries with ≤ 82.79% accuracy when grading into five classes, and ≤89.3% when grading into three quality classes. The sniffer was also able to distinguish hand-harvested fruit from machine-harvested fruit from all cultivars tested (Bluecrop, Jersey, and Elliot). Highest classification accuracy was achieved with four gas sensors operating simultaneously within the sniffer. A stable signal response was achieved in 10 seconds, with each berry pack sampled at 10, 20, 40 and 80 seconds.
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Crozier, Carl R., Ronnie W. Heiniger, and Michael Bishop. "Evaluating Soil Compaction with a Portable Electronic Cone Penetrometer." HortTechnology 9, no. 3 (January 1999): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.9.3.440.
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During Summer 1997, soil compaction in agricultural fields was evaluated using a portable electronic cone penetrometer. Rather than requiring the operator to read from an analog scale, this penetrometer stores data in a digital form, which are downloaded to a personal computer for analysis. Soil strength, measured in 1-inch (2.5-cm) increments, can be stored for up to 100 25-inch (64-cm) deep soil profiles. This instrument can be operated by a single person and facilitates collecting large data sets required to characterize highly variable soil environments. Because the penetrometer was designed to measure and formulate predictions about the trafficability of wet soils, it is often incapable of measuring the higher soil resistance occurring in drier agricultural fields. If used soon after rainfall or irrigation, it is useful in detecting hardpans associated with tillage or traffic patterns.
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Eastwood, B. R. "National Electronic Information Systems–Agricultural Databases for Decision Support." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 552D—552. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.552d.
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A number of factors have emerged in recent years, grown in importance, and are now converging rapidly to create a window of opportunity for all of us. These factors constitute six separate, but related and important, categories: 1) Decreasing staff in the nation's Cooperative Extension System; 2) increasing complexity of agricultural production technologies; 3) increasing concerns of society; 4) opening of markets globally; 5) increased need for accountability; and 6) rapid progress in computerized information and communication technologies. These factors concurrently are causing greater sharing of expertise and resources across states, institutions, and departments; more cooperation with the private sector; improved openness and communication on issues of interest to the community; greater awareness of our role in the world; and a willingness to consider new approaches. One of these approaches involves the development of comprehensive national decision support resources for producers and those who work with producers in an educational, advisory or service role. This program, which has evolved over the past 10 years, is Agricultural Databases for Decision Support (ADDS). ADDS projects may be developed for any commodity, clientele, or major issue area. Products already available include the National Dairy Database and the National Pig Information Database. Several additional projects are underway and more will be added as interest warrants. The ADDS hallmark applies to those projects that follow the philosophy and meet the criteria agreed to by the greater community of developers and users. ADDS uses the sophisticated search and retrieval mechanism and multimedia capabilities of commercially available software. This software is applied to a cooperatively developed national resource of peer-reviewed materials that are selected by experts for their usefulness.
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Öztekin, Yeşim Benal, and Büşra Güngör. "Determining impact bruising thresholds of peaches using electronic fruit." Scientia Horticulturae 262 (February 2020): 109046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.109046.
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Beattie, David J., and Lawrence C. Ragan. "Teaching the Principles of Landscape Bidding with an Electronic Spreadsheet." HortScience 25, no. 10 (October 1990): 1299–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.10.1299.
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An interactive spreadsheet program was developed to demonstrate how a landscape bid is estimated. Information from a profit and loss statement, entered periodically, is retained for succeeding bids. Machine and labor costs are determined separately. For an individual bid, inputs include cost of materials, overhead, labor and machine times, contingency, and profit. Labor costs are automatically modified to reflect crew efficiency, and materials costs reflect storage, freight, and other charges. Overhead is based on the relationship between annual direct and indirect costs. The calculations section displays intermediate steps of the final bid estimate. Summaries from calculations include a final bid estimate. A printing option allows the user to selectively print any of the sections, a customer's copy, or the entire bid. The program uses an Apple Macintosh computer, was written for Microsoft Excel software, and uses macro programs. Its concept can be adapted to any electronic spreadsheet and can be protected to allow entry of only certain input data. The program can be used for small landscape businesses, classroom instruction, and/or extension instruction in which higher-order thinking skills are emphasized.
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Yan, Juan, Minghao Zhang, Bin Peng, Ziwen Su, Ziyuan Xu, Zhixiang Cai, Jun Yang, Ruijuan Ma, Mingliang Yu, and Zhijun Shen. "Predicting chilling requirement of peach floral buds using electronic nose." Scientia Horticulturae 290 (December 2021): 110517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110517.
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López, Juan, Fulgencio Soto, Pedro Sánchez, Andrés Iborra, Juan Suardiaz, and Juan Vera. "Development of a Sensor Node for Precision Horticulture." Sensors 9, no. 5 (April 28, 2009): 3240–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s90503240.
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Hannaway, David. "Forage Information System as a Model for Development of Agricultural Information Systems for Decision Support." HortScience 32, no. 6 (October 1997): 982e—982. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.6.982e.
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To demonstrate current electronic communication capabilities, an on-line demonstration of the Forage Information System (http://www.forages.css.orst.edu) is planned. This will include accessing various forage and grassland web sites and exploring available information resources, thereby demonstrating existing global connectivity and cooperatively developed projects. What does the future hold for electronic communications? We've seen some of the tremendous progress that has been made over the course of the last 100 years. Even the changes of the last decade have been astounding. Since 1969 (the year of the manned moon landing), the number of networked servers has grown from 4 to 13 million! How can we even pretend to forecast the future of development? It's probably sheer folly.
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Rom, Curt R. "Teaching in the Virtual Classroom: Using Internet and Computer Resources to Enhance Educational Opportunities in a General Plant Sciences Class." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 589e—589. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.589e.
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To enhance the opportunities for students to access information and the instructors of a large, general plant science class, “Virtual Classroom” concepts using computers resources were implemented. The Virtual Classroom uses three computer resources: 1) a closed subscription LISTSERV for the extramural class discussions, 2) electronic mail for homework assignment and submission, and 3) a World Wide Web Internet homepage for the course. In a large, introductory-level class, student–teacher interaction can be limited. The size of the class and the content may inhibit questioning and discussion among the class participants. The LISTSERV allowed for questions to be posed by students at their leisure and facilitated discussion among students and the instructor outside of the confines of the class meeting. The LISTSERV also allowed instructors to to respond to the students by referring questions to “experts” on a particular subject. Using e-mail for homework assignment and submission was useful for tracking when student read assignments and submitted completed assignments. Electronic assignment grading and returning was paperless and easy for instructors to maintain. The homepage provided students with a permanent syllabus, lecture outlines, homework assignment descriptions, and study aids. Additionally, from the homepage students were able to send e-mail to instructors and search library databases and other electronic databases. Experiences from the instructors using these computer resources will be presented and discussed.
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Cowgill, W. P., and R. VanVranken. "Utilizing Electronic Mail List Discussion Groups on the Internet to Enhance Communication in Specific Commodity Groups." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 904C—904. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.904c.
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Electronic discussion groups provide a forum in which to enhance the exchange of information between university researchers, extension agents and specialists, students, and their clientele; farmers, wholesalers/brokers, retailers and direct marketers as well as other colleagues in the same field. Three electronic discussion groups; Apple-Crop-Mg, Veg-Prod-Mg, and Direct-Mkt have been implemented and have been extremely effective in providing a unique forum for the sharing of knowledge. Over 400 subscribers are on-line with these groups from more than 30 states, four Canadian Provinces and three other countries. Participant surveys cite the ease of use, the timeliness of replies (often within 24 h), the ability to glean timely information for files and newsletters. These groups have been a valuable communication tool reaching a broad audience rapidly and cost effectively.
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Benady, Meny, Amots Hetzroni, James E. Simon, and Bruce Bordelon. "235 ELECTRONIC SENSING OF AROMATIC VOLATILE!? FOR QUALITY SORTING IN BLUEBERRIES." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 463b—463. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.463b.
Full textAbstract:
We have developed an electronic sensor (“sniffer”) that measures fruit ripeness rapidly and nondestructively by measuring the aromatic volatiles that are naturally emitted by ripening fruit. In this study, we evaluated the potential of using the fruit ripeness sniffer in the quality sorting of blueberries. Blueberries were first visually classified into four distinct ripeness classes: unripe; half-ripe; ripe; and over-ripe and quantitatively measured for color, firmness, TSS, and sugar acid ratio. Ripeness classification accuracy with the sniffer matched or exceeded that of all other ripeness indices. The sniffer differentiated unripe, ripe and over-ripe berries within one second, but could not distinguish between the unripe and half-ripe class. Detection of l-2 damaged or 1-2 soft fruit spiked within a large container of 24-37 high quality ripe fruit was also achieved, but required a response time of 10 seconds. Electronic sensing of aromatic volatiles may be a useful new technique in the grading and sorting of blueberries.
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Hirsch, Naomi, and Louise Ferguson. "Electronic Support of California Cooperative Extension for Fruit and Nut Crops." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 540E—541. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.540e.
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For California pomology, it is ideal to communicate and disseminate information electronically because of its large size and diversity of fruit and nut crops. In support of statewide extension, the Fruit & Nut Research and Information Center's World Wide Web site 9 http://pom44.ucdavis.edu) focuses on providing information and links for temperate, subtropical and tropical fruits and nuts and keeping all interested persons well informed about University of California research and outreach activities. The Internet has been proven ideal for its user friendliness and rapid dissemination of current information. The Center supports this electronic change for growers and industry by collaborative projects with industry and involving Internet education and demonstrations at short courses, symposia, and educational days throughout the state. By this outreach to fruit and nut crop industries, the needs of the growers can be addressed. Also, it is important to address interdisciplinary cooperation and efficiency in the Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension programs, especially in view of the recent reduction in staff and resources. By creating electronic listserv groups for each crop through the Center, extension specialists and farm advisors have the ability for increased communication. A more visible and active focal point —both within and outside the University—for research and outreach activities related to fruit and nut production, handling, processing, marketing and consumption has been created since the Center was established in Dec. 1995.
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Van Vranken, Richard W., and Winfred P. Cowgill. "Using Electronic-mail Discussion Groups on the Internet to Enhance Communication in Specific Commodity Groups." HortTechnology 6, no. 4 (October 1996): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.6.4.318.
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The rapid evolution of electronic technologies is providing researchers, educators, and consumers increasingly fast access to information. On the Internet (Net), electronic mail is a rapid, efficient, and economical medium for communication. Mail list management software (Listserv, Almanac, Majordomo, and Liststar) now allows users with interests in specific topics to address production and marketing issues across state and international boundaries by posting messages to a discussion group (DG) at one electronic address. Replies from anyone interested in responding may be sent to the entire DG, constituting a discussion, or returned directly to the originator of the message. Three commodity-oriented, horticultural DGs—Apple-Crop, Veg-Prod and Direct-Mkt—established over the last 30 months now provide on-line forums for >600 subscribers from 46 states, 4 Canadian provinces, and 21 other countries. Twenty-seven percent to 31% of these DGs' subscribers responded to a survey evaluating the effectiveness of DGs as communication tools. Reponses showed that DGs were a valuable communication tool for reaching a broad resource pool rapidly and economically. Information requests, meeting announcements, and resource listings have dominated the activity of these DGs. Cooperative extension specialists and county agricultural agents represent most users (69%), followed by researchers (14%), farmers, and those with unlisted job descriptions (7% each). Ease of use, quickness (often within 24 hours), quality and quantity of replies, and the ability to glean timely information for files and newsletters were cited as the most important reasons for using these DGs.
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Maletta, M. H., W. P. Cowgill, T. Manning, W. Tietjen, S. A. Johnston, and P. Nitzsche. "259 Comparison of On-site and Electronic Meteorological Service Weather Data for Use with a Disease Forecast System." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 486F—487. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.486f.
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Weather information has many applications in crop production practices, including disease forecasting. A variety of weather instruments are available for on-farm use, but associated costs and need for regular calibration and maintenance can limit actual use, especially by smaller growers. Subscription to an electronic meteorological service may be a viable alternative to on-site weather stations. In 1997 and 1998, hourly temperature, relative humidity and leaf wetness were monitored at six sites in a 400-m2 area of New Jersey with Field Monitor™ data loggers (Sensor Instruments, Inc.) and by subscription to SkyBit, Inc., an electronic meteorological service. There was close correspondence in temperature data from the two sources at all sites, the average seasonal difference ranging from 0 to 2 °F. Relative humidity data was variable between the two sources, the greatest variation occurring at low and high humidity, the ranges at which relative humidity sensors had been shown to be least accurate. Leaf wetness estimates from the two sources agreed at least two-thirds of the time. Data differences related to source were attributed to both systematic and random error. The usefulness of electronic weather data in crop production depends on how sensitive the particular weather-dependent applications (e.g., predictive disease and insect models) are to variation in the input data. The TOM-CAST early blight forecaster for tomatoes was not particularly sensitive to differences between SkyBit and Field Monitor leaf wetness estimates.
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Neff, Michael W. "ASHS Publications Department Role in Implementing Hort-Base." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 553B—553. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.553b.
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The ASHS Publications Department's primary function is to organize and manage the Society's peer-review system and distribute the horticultural information that meets the requirements for dissemination. As Web and other electronic information distribution systems come on-line, the functions of the department will not change, but the methods to achieving the final product will change. Issues such as the security of electronic peer-review and controlled methods of information dissemination are at the forefront of discussions among scientific publishers, and the role of established scientific society publication departments on how best to implement the changes brought about by Internet in the distribution of this information will be discussed. A comparison of the “traditional” methods of peer review and the future of peer review will be compared, and the synergism of the changes will also be addressed.