Relevant bibliographies by topics / Electrophilic reaction

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Electrophilic reaction'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Electrophilic reaction"

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Zheng, Danqing, Mo Chen, Liangqing Yao, and Jie Wu. "A general route to sulfones via insertion of sulfur dioxide promoted by cobalt oxide." Organic Chemistry Frontiers 3, no. 8 (2016): 985–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6qo00099a.

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A cobalt-promoted coupling reaction of triethoxysilanes, sulfur dioxide, and electrophiles is developed. Different electrophilic partners including alkyl bromides, iodonium salts, and electron-poor (hetero)aryl chlorides work well under the standard conditions.
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Hubbard, Abigail, Takao Okazaki, and Kenneth K. Laali. "Chlorination of Aromatics with Trichloroisocyanuric Acid (TCICA) in Brønsted-Acidic Imidazolium Ionic Liquid [BMIM(SO3H)][OTf]: an Economical, Green Protocol for the Synthesis of Chloroarenes." Australian Journal of Chemistry 60, no. 12 (2007): 923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch07261.

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A survey study on electrophilic chlorination of aromatics with trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCICA) in Brønsted-acidic imidazolium ionic liquid [BMIM(SO3H)][OTf] is reported. The reactions are performed under very mild conditions (at ~50°C) and give good to excellent yields, depending on the substrates. Chemoselectivity for mono- v. dichlorination can be tuned by changing the arene-to-TCICA ratio and the reaction time. The survey study and competitive experiments suggest that triprotonated/protosolvated TCICA is a selective/moderately reactive transfer-chlorination electrophile. Density functional theory was used as guide to obtain further insight into the nature of the chlorination electrophile and the transfer-chlorination step.
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Ismailov, Ismail E., Ivaylo K. Ivanov, and Valerij Ch Christov. "Trifunctionalized Allenes. Part IV. Cyclization Reactions of 4-Phosphorylated 5-Hydroxyhexa-2,3-dienoates." Letters in Organic Chemistry 17, no. 9 (September 17, 2020): 726–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570178617666200225104238.

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This manuscript focuses on the reactions of 4-phosphorylated 5-hydroxyhexa-2,3-dienoates with protected or unprotected hydroxy groups involving 5-endo-trig cyclizations. Reactions with electrophiles result in mixtures of the 2,5-dihydro-1,2-oxaphosphole-5-carboxylates and the 5-phosphorylfuran- 2(5H)-ones by competitive electrophilic cyclization due to the neighboring phosphonate (phosphine oxide) and the carboxylate groups participation. 4-Phosphorylated 5-hydroxyhexa-2,3-dienoates were smoothly transformed into the corresponding 4-phosphoryl-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-carboxylates by using 5 mol % of a silver salt as a catalyst in the 5-endo-trig cycloisomerization reaction.
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Gansäuer, Andreas, Meriam Seddiqzai, Tobias Dahmen, Rebecca Sure, and Stefan Grimme. "Computational study of the rate constants and free energies of intramolecular radical addition to substituted anilines." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 9 (August 8, 2013): 1620–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.9.185.

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The intramolecular radical addition to aniline derivatives was investigated by DFT calculations. The computational methods were benchmarked by comparing the calculated values of the rate constant for the 5-exo cyclization of the hexenyl radical with the experimental values. The dispersion-corrected PW6B95-D3 functional provided very good results with deviations for the free activation barrier compared to the experimental values of only about 0.5 kcal mol−1 and was therefore employed in further calculations. Corrections for intramolecular London dispersion and solvation effects in the quantum chemical treatment are essential to obtain consistent and accurate theoretical data. For the investigated radical addition reaction it turned out that the polarity of the molecules is important and that a combination of electrophilic radicals with preferably nucleophilic arenes results in the highest rate constants. This is opposite to the Minisci reaction where the radical acts as nucleophile and the arene as electrophile. The substitution at the N-atom of the aniline is crucial. Methyl substitution leads to slower addition than phenyl substitution. Carbamates as substituents are suitable only when the radical center is not too electrophilic. No correlations between free reaction barriers and energies (ΔG ‡ and ΔG R) are found. Addition reactions leading to indanes or dihydrobenzofurans are too slow to be useful synthetically.
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Slivka, Mikhailo, and Mikhailo Onysko. "The Use of Electrophilic Cyclization for the Preparation of Condensed Heterocycles." Synthesis 53, no. 19 (May 19, 2021): 3497–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1706036.

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AbstractCondensed heterocycles are well-known for their excellent biological effects and they are undeniably important compounds in organic chemistry. Electrophilic cyclization reactions are widely used for the synthesis of mono-heterocyclic compounds. This review highlights the utility of electrophilic cyclization reactions as an effective generic tool for the synthesis of various condensed heterocycles containing functional groups that are able to undergo further chemical transformations, such as nucleophilic substitution, elimination, re-cyclization, cleavage, etc. This review describes the reactions of unsaturated derivatives of different heterocycles with various electrophilic agents (halogens, arylsulfanyl chlorides, mineral acids) resulting in annulation of an additional partially saturated heterocycle. The electrophilic reaction conditions, plausible mechanisms and the use of such transformations in organic synthesis are also discussed. The review mainly focuses on research published since 2002 in order to establish the current state of the art in this area. 1 Introduction2 Electrophilic Cyclization Pathways Involving a Nitrogen Nucleo­philic Center3 Electrophilic Cyclization Pathways Involving a Chalcogen Nucleophilic Center3.1 Sulfur Centers3.2 Oxygen Centers3.3 Selenium Centers4 Strategies and Mechanisms5 Conclusion
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Caron, Maurice, Takeshi Kawamata, Luc Ruest, Pierre Soucy, and Pierre Deslongchamps. "The addition of electrophiles on ester enolates containing an oxygen in the β-position. A stereoelectronically controlled reaction." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 64, no. 9 (September 1, 1986): 1781–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v86-293.

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The enolate anion derived from spiro ketal methyl esters (1, 3, and 4) reacts with various electrophiles (PhSeBr, Ch3I, O2, I2, (CH3S)2, and (PhS)2) to yield as the major product, the isomer resulting from an equatorial approach of the electrophilic reagent. This stereochemically controlled reaction is discussed in terms of stereoelectronic effects that increase the electron density of the α face of the enolate anion.
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Dust, Julian M., and Erwin Buncel. "Reactions of the super-electrophile, 2-(2′,4′-dinitrophenyl)-4,6-dinitrobenzotriazole 1-oxide, with methoxide and tert-butoxide: basicity and steric hindrance as factors in σ-complex formation versus nucleophilic displacement." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 69, no. 6 (June 1, 1991): 978–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v91-143.

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The course of the reactions of methoxide and tert-butoxide with 2-(2′,4′-dinitrophenyl)-4,6-dinitrobenzotriazole 1-oxide (4) clearly shows that the C-7 electrophilic site is significantly more reactive than the C-1′ site of the substrate. The reaction pathways of these alkoxides, which differ in basicity (as a measure of nucleophilicity) and steric bulk, were followed by 400 MHz 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. While both alkoxides lead to immediate formation of the respective C-7 anionic σ-adducts, a greater percentage of C-7 adduct formation occurs with methoxide as attacking nucleophile. Reaction with excess alkoxide results in attack at C-1′ being observed, as well. This leads to formation of metastable C-1′ σ-adducts, whose rapid decomposition results in formation of 2,4-dinitrophenyl ethers and the dinitrobenzotriazole 1-oxyanion in an overall nucleophilic displacement reaction. Under these excess conditions, methoxide also causes a faster rate of displacement than does tert-butoxide as nucleophile. These results are discussed on the basis of the basicity of the nucleophiles, the relative electrophilicity of the positions in the substrate (C-7 versus C-1′), the steric hindrance involved in attack and in the resultant C-7 and C-1′ complexes, and in terms of an activation energy/reaction coordinate profile comparing the pathways for attack at the two electrophilic sites. Key words: anionic σ-complexes, super-electrophiles, aromatic nucleophilic substitution (SN Ar).
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Doyle, Michael P. "Electrophilic metal carbenes as reaction intermediates in catalytic reactions." Accounts of Chemical Research 19, no. 11 (November 1986): 348–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ar00131a004.

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Kikuchi, Osamu. "Reaction potential map analysis of electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions." Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 138, no. 1-2 (June 1986): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-1280(86)87015-4.

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Ceaser, E. K., D. R. Moellering, S. Shiva, A. Ramachandran, A. Landar, A. Venkartraman, J. Crawford, et al. "Mechanisms of signal transduction mediated by oxidized lipids: the role of the electrophile-responsive proteome." Biochemical Society Transactions 32, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0320151.

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Cellular redox signalling is mediated by the post-translational modification of proteins by reactive oxygen/nitrogen species or the products derived from their reactions. In the case of oxidized lipids, several receptor-dependent and -independent mechanisms are now emerging. At low concentrations, adaptation to oxidative stress in the vasculature appears to be mediated by induction of antioxidant defences, including the synthesis of the intracellular antioxidant glutathione. At high concentrations apoptosis occurs through mechanisms that have yet to be defined in detail. Recent studies have revealed a mechanism through which electrophilic lipids, formed as the reaction products of oxidation, orchestrate these adaptive responses in the vasculature. Using a proteomics approach, we have identified a subset of proteins in cells that we term the electrophile-responsive proteome. Electrophilic modification of thiol groups in these proteins can initiate cell signalling events through the transcriptional activation of genes regulated by consensus sequences for the antioxidant response element found in their promoter regions. The insights gained from our understanding of the biology of these mechanisms will be discussed in the context of cardiovascular disease.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electrophilic reaction"

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Jha, Jay Shankar. "[3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Gem-Dicyanoepoxide and Electrophilic Reaction of Ethyl Atropate." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1545300.

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The epoxide-olefin [3+2] cycloaddition reaction is an important tool in synthesizing heterocyclic five member rings. Such cyclic compounds are well known for the formation of biologically active compounds. In this experiment, we developed a method for a [3+2] cycloaddition reaction between gem-dicyano phenyl epoxide and diethyl (E)-2-fluoromaleate to synthesize 2, 2-dicyano-3, 4-diethoxycarbonyl-4-fluoro-5-phenylfuran. The yield of the product was 55.56 %.

Fluorine is small in size and is the most electronegative element. These properties of fluorine make its incorporation into drugs easy and also increase the efficacy and selectivity of the drugs. Atropic acid has wide applications as an antagonist. The non-fluorinated atropic acid derivative binds to glycine binding sites, which help in the treatment of a number of disease states. Moreover, its derivatives are used in the preservation of beverages, pests control agents and fungicides. Considering the above facts, fluorination of ethyl atropate using XeF2 via an electrophilic addition reaction in the presence of compounds like I2, Se2Ph 2 and S2Ph2 was performed. The percentage yield of addition products were fairly high, ranging from 63 % to 67 %.

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Shah, Parin Ajay. "Synthesis of terpenoids using a tandem cationic cascade cyclization-electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6639.

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The terpene and terpenoid family of compounds is considered to be the largest group of natural products. These compounds not only display great diversity in their structural features but are also known to have a multitude of biological activities including but not limited to anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-HIV properties. Remarkably, all the terpenoids formed in nature come from two molecules viz. isopentenyl pyrophosphate and its isomer, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate both consisting of just five carbons but assembled in many ways. Nature utilizes highly efficient, enzyme-mediated cascade reactions to transform simple linear molecules to more complex cyclic scaffolds. Cascade or domino reactions are organic chemistry’s most powerful tools that, if executed correctly, mimic the extreme complexity of reactions occurring in nature. Our group has successfully utilized cationic cascade cyclization reactions, to prepare a large library of natural products along with their analogues. It was during the synthesis of one such natural product that it was discovered that a methoxymethyl (MOM) “protecting group” had been transferred within the same molecule. The optimization of this process not only allowed the synthesis of the desired tricyclic framework but also resulted in the liberated MOM group doing an EAS reaction which gave a new C-C bond. This transferred MOM group was further elaborated to different functional groups. Use of the tandem reaction sequence in an attempt to prepare radulanin E has been described. Total syntheses of two chalcone-based analogous meroterpenoids have been successfully completed using the aforementioned sequence. An advanced intermediate for an entire new class of acridine-based schweinfurthins has been elaborated. The results will be discussed in detail.
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McAllister, Linda. "Experimental and theoretical studies of the halogen bond and the electrophilic bromination reaction." Thesis, University of York, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6965/.

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The work presented in this thesis is an investigation into the halogen bond using both experimental and theoretical techniques. These studies have contributed toward the understanding of the interaction during a period when the definition of this interaction was being debated.1 The interactions investigated have a range of strengths; varying from the very weak interactions with rare gas atoms to the strong interactions with halonium ions acting as halogen-bond donors. The competition and cooperation between halogen and hydrogen bonds have been investigated including a situation where halogen bonding can be favoured over hydrogen bonding. Small-molecule analogues of orthogonal halogen and hydrogen bonding observed in biological systems have also been produced. The similarity between the two interactions has been highlighted by the fact that the Steiner-Limbach equation can model the bonding in both cases. New halogen-bonded liquid crystals between dihalogens and alkoxystilbazoles and alkoxyphenylpyridines have been synthesised and the complexes between elemental iodine and alkoxystilbazoles unexpectedly showed SmC phases with high stability. Attempts to synthesise equivalent liquid crystals with elemental bromine were unsuccessful, an electrophilic bromination reaction followed by elimination of HBr taking place instead. In order to understand this reaction further, the intermediates of the electrophilic bromination reaction for different substituted stilbenes was investigated computationally and the results showed that a carbocation intermediate is favoured if an electron-donating substituent is present. In contrast, stilbenes with two electron-withdrawing substituents favoured symmetric bromonium ion intermediates. Such halonium ion intermediates feature a halogen atom that carries a positive charge, which can interact with Lewis bases in a novel category of halogen bonding, which has properties similar to halogen bonding with traditional halogen-bond donors.
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Berman, Ashley M. Johnson Jeffrey Scott. "Catalytic electrophilic amination reactions." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1086.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Mar. 27, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Chemistry." Discipline: Chemistry; Department/School: Chemistry.
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Nelsen, D. Luke Gagné Michel R. "Electrophilic reactions with dicationic platinum." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2188.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Jun. 26, 2009). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Chemistry. " Discipline: Chemistry; Department/School: Chemistry.
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EL, ALAMI NAJAT. "Isolement et reactivite du derive zincique de (bromomethyl-2) acrylate d'ethyle : synthese de methylene-3 pyrrolidinone-3 potentiellement antineoplasique." Nantes, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NANT2016.

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Reaction de l'organozinicique allylique prepare, avec divers electrophiles conduisant a des methylene-3 perhydrofurannones-2 et -pyrrolidones-2. Etude de l'activite de ces composes sur la leucamie p388
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Cino, Silvia <1985&gt. "Coupling Reactions Between Aromatic Carbon - and Nitrogen - Nucleophiles and Electrophiles: Reaction Intermediates, Products and their Properties." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7566/.

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During my PhD I was involved in many studies concerning the nucleophilic (SNAr) and electrophilic (SEAr) aromatic substitution reactions. My research activity was focused on the study of different electrophile/nucleophile combinations between strongly activated species, with the purpose to investigate on their reactivity, to detect new intermediates of the aromatic substitution reaction and to obtain new higly conjugated structures bearing contemporaneously electron donor and acceptor moieties on the same unit for application in different fields. Different reactions between both neutral or charged electrophilic and nucleophilic species were performed and from their combinations new products for applications in different fields (e.g. medicine, biology and materials) were obtained and new intermediates of the aromatic substitution reactions [e.g. Wheland (W), Meisenheimer (M), and even Wheland-Meisenheimer (WM)], were detected and characterized, mainly using NMR spectroscopic techniques. In particular the involved nucleophilic species were: tri- and diaminobenzene derivatives, trihydroxybenzene, trimethoxybenzene, anisole derivatives and aminothiazole derivatives; whereas the selected electrophilic species were: aryldiazonium ions, benzofuroxan and benzofurazan derivatives, thiophene derivatives and benzhydrylium ions. Furthermore, the last year of my PhD course, I spent a period in the Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, in collaboration with Prof. Herbert Mayr’s group, with the aim to investigate on the nucleophilic reactivities of di- and triaminobenzene derivatives performing their combination with different reference electrophiles, selected from the Mayr’s reactivity scales.
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Ma, Jihai. "Mono(trimethylsilyl) bisketenes, cycloaddition and electrophilic addition reactions." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0016/NQ28003.pdf.

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Minatoya, Machiko Buszek Keith R. "New electrophilic partners for metal-mediated coupling reactions." Diss., UMK access, 2007.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Dept. of Chemistry. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2007.
"A thesis in chemistry." Typescript. Advisor: Keith R. Buszek. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Dec. 18, 2007 Includes bibliographical references (leaves 46-51). Online version of the print edition.
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Rendina, Victor L. "Chirality transfer in electrophilic reactions of hydrovinylation adducts." Connect to resource, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/32217.

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Books on the topic "Electrophilic reaction"

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Taylor, R. Electrophilic aromatic substitution. Chichester, West Sussex, England: J. Wiley, 1990.

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Ma, Jihai. Mono(trimethylsilyl) bisketenes: Cycloaddition and electrophilic addition reactions. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997.

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Nelson, Donna. Nucleophile/Electrophile Reaction Guide for Organic Chemistry (Chemistry Series). Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 1997.

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Earle, Martyn John. New approaches to aromatic substitution reactions with carbon electrophiles. 1992.

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Sinnott, Michael. Comprehensive Biological Catalysis: A Mechanistic Reference : Reactions of Electrophilic Carbon, Phosphorus and Sulfur. Academic Press, 1997.

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Sinnott, Michael. Comprehensive Biological Catalysis: A Mechanistic Reference : Reactions of Electrophilic Carbon, Phosphorus and Sulfur. Academic Press, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Electrophilic reaction"

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Coombes, R. G. "Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution." In Organic Reaction Mechanisms · 2006, 187–201. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470669587.ch6.

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Coombes, R. G. "Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution." In Organic Reaction Mechanisms · 2008, 165–82. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470979525.ch6.

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Crampton, M. R. "Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution." In Organic Reaction Mechanisms Series, 257–83. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118560273.ch6.

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Coombes, R. G. "Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution." In Organic Reaction Mechanisms Series, 229–56. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119972471.ch6.

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Coombes, R. G. "Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution." In Organic Reaction Mechanisms Series, 209–21. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470022051.ch6.

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Coombes, R. G. "Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution." In Organic Reaction Mechanisms 2001, 211–22. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470866748.ch6.

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Crampton, M. R. "Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution." In Organic Reaction Mechanisms Series, 191–212. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119941910.ch6.

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Coombes, R. G. "Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution." In Organic Reaction Mechanisms Series, 167–80. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470975800.ch6.

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Birsa, M. L. "Carbanions and Electrophilic Aliphatic Substitution." In Organic Reaction Mechanisms · 2014, 399–421. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118941829.ch8.

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Birsa, M. L. "Carbanions and Electrophilic Aliphatic Substitution." In Organic Reaction Mechanisms · 2006, 277–305. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470669587.ch9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Electrophilic reaction"

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Xinglei, Hu. "Experiment and Mechanism Study on the Effect of Coal Ash on the Capture of Alkali Metals in Zhundong Coal." In ASME 2017 Power Conference Joint With ICOPE-17 collocated with the ASME 2017 11th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, the ASME 2017 15th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2017 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power-icope2017-3570.

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A large number of Xinjiang Zhundong coal was found in China. Its high content of alkali metals can cause serious fouling/slagging problems which may lead to economic losses. It is significant to control the release of alkali metals from Zhundong coal during the combustion. Si-Al additives are used to capture Na released from the Zhundong coal. In this work, a combination of experimental research and quantum chemical calculation was used to study the effect of coal ash on the capture of alkali metal in Zhundong high alkali Coal and the related mineral evolution mechanism during melting processes. The experiments were done with Zhundong coal/coal ash mixtures at 900–1200°C. The behavior mechanism of coal ash capturing alkali metals was analyzed from the perspective of mineral microstructure features by using XRD, ICP and quantum chemical calculation methods. The results show that during the process of combustions, complex chemical reactions occur among minerals after sodium is released from the coal and captured by the coal ash. The coal ash’s ability to capture sodium in Zhundong high alkali coal rises firstly, and then gradually decreases with the rise of temperature. It shows the best capture performance for sodium at 1000∼1100°C. The maximum efficiency of sodium absorption can reach to 50.6%. The coal ash shows a rather high efficiency compared with other additives. Furthermore, metals in Zhundong coal have opposite directions of migration. The Na, K, Al, Ca, and Mg migrated to the coal ash far away from the reaction interface, and the Fe and Mn were moved to the coal from the reaction interface. The original minerals of Zhundong coal mainly include calcium sulfate hydrate, quartz and kaolinite. Investigating the capture mechanism, it indicates that O (26) and O (22) in kaolinite have electrophilic reaction with Na+ and K+ easily, which would promote the rupture of aluminum-oxygen bonds. The O2- of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal oxide would easily have nucleophilic reaction with Si (6) and Si (8) and prompt the rupture of bridging oxygen bonds (Si-O-Si). Kaolinite would be transformed into some other minerals that contains Na+ or K+ which have trend to form eutectics or evaporate into the flue gas easily, the degree of fouling and slagging on heating surface can be reduced based on these two most easily reaction paths.
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Pietschnig, Rudolf, Gerald Rechberger, and Stefan Spirk. "Thermodynamically controlled Reactions of Selenenylphosphonium Ion Me3PSeMe+ toward Electrophiles and Nucleophiles." In The 11th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-11-01345.

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Kosmachevskaya, Olga Vladimirovna, Elvira Ilgizovna Nasybullina, Natalya Nikolaevna Novikova, Konstantin Borisovich Shumaev, and Alexey Fedorovich Topunov. "HEMOGLOBIN THIOLS: BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND REGULATION." In International conference New technologies in medicine, biology, pharmacology and ecology (NT +M&Ec ' 2020). Institute of information technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-0-7.20.

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Human hemoglobin has two reactive cysteines (Cys-93β) located on the surface of the molecule. Inclusion of these thiols in the composition of dinitrosyl iron complexe is one way of regulating their reactivity. The thiols bound into complexes exhibit enhanced reactivity with electrophiles and are protected from oxidation by tert-butyl hydroperoxide.
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Mancini, Pedro, and Claudia D. Della Rosa. "Nitrothiophenes as electrophiles in polar Diels-Alder reactions. Solvent effect and microwave irradiation." In The 17th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-17-c004.

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López Baena, Anna, Pedro Mancini, Maria Kneeteman, Claudia Della Rosa, and Guillermo Gamboa. "Microwave Irradiation: Polar Diels-Alder Reactions Using Nitropyrrole and Nitroindole Derivates as Electrophiles." In The 18th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-18-c014.

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Vektariene, Ausra, Gytis Vektaris, and Jiri Svoboda. "Theoretical Study of Benzofused Thieno[3,2-b]furans in the reactions with electrophiles." In The 11th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-11-01366.

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Kneeteman, Maria N., and Claudia D. Della Rosa. "2-Nitrobenzothiophene and 3-Nitrobenzothiophene as Electrophiles in Polar Diels-Alder Reactions. Solvent effects." In The 17th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-17-f006.

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Serrano-Gómez, Silvia J., Courtney Schiffman, Hasmik Grigoryan, Henrik Carlsson, Sandrine Dudoit, Esther M. John, Stephen M. Rappaport, and Laura Fejerman. "Abstract C065: Breast cancer risk in U.S-born Latina women: potential role of reactive electrophiles." In Abstracts: Eleventh AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; November 2-5, 2018; New Orleans, LA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp18-c065.

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Della Rosa, Claudia. "Synthesis of naphthothiophene derivatives through polar Diels-Alder reactions employing 5-nitrobenzothiophene as electrophile. Microwave irradiation vs classical thermal conditions." In The 19th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-19-c003.

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Reports on the topic "Electrophilic reaction"

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Giuseppetti, Mary E., Bruce E. Landrum, John L. Shibley, and Alan R. Cutler. Reactions of Carbon Disulfide and Carbon Dioxide Adducts (eta5-C5H5)(CO) 2Fe-CX2 with Organoiron Electrophiles. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada203253.

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